Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Décolonisation – Afrique'
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Almeida, Amah Sedjro d'. "Décolonisation et institutions judiciaires en Afrique noire." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020025.
Full textUnder colonization, different systems of culture and civilization have coexisted on the same land, the colonizer having generally allowed the local institutions and customary or native systems of courts to subsist. He also introduced legislations and modern european systems of courts (french or english). The decolonization has restored the sovereignty of the african countries. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the leading lines of the judicial institutions of black africa since the decolonization trying moreover to bring out a typology which distinguishes between legislations which have perfected the evolution towards modernity, the legislations which have kept together the two systems of courts and those in which customary or native justice would become predominant again. The thesis aims to point out the reasons and explanations which have given rise to such a situation
Durpaire, François. "Les Etats-Unis et la décolonisation de l'Afrique noire francophone : 1945-1962." Paris 1, 2004. https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/33PUDB_IEP/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5364073170004675&Force_direct=true.
Full textFashola, Ojalide. "Les milieux dirigeants français et britanniques et la décolonisation de l’Afrique occidentale 1944-1960." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040046.
Full textDeville-Danthu, Bernadette. "Education physique, sport, colonisation et décolonisation dans les anciens territoires français d'Afrique occidentale : 1920-1965." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10019.
Full textBat, Jean-Pierre. "La décolonisation de l'AEF selon Foccart : entre stratégies politiques et tactiques sécuritaires (1956-1969)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010680.
Full textAdjo, André. "Le système international africain post-décolonisation : morphogénèse des configurations nouvelles : cadre d'analyse topologique, perspective scientifique." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_adjo_a.pdf.
Full textThe end of decolonisation, which in the 1990s ended colonisation within the african sphere, revealed a nation-state system distributed in its entirety on the continent, based on a structure inherently linked to its recent history. A collection of significant sub-regional groups whose objective is to reconfigure the logic of the structuralisation of the nation-states created by decolonisation, emerge and affirm themselves as an indispensable echelon in managing the balance of the continent. This new reality also poses the problem of the African international system, its characteristics and its entire architecture. Our aim is to raise the question of understanding the African international system, the adequate analytical tools which can be used to rigorously analyse and understand it. Therefore, the question which arises is how to approach the African international system after decolonisation? How can we explain the “fragile” elements linked to its formation? Which paradigm can be used to examine the African international system? How can this systemic reality bring to light elements of coherence capable of showing a harmonious behaviour? And what does this suggest in terms of perspective for the evolution of the entire African continent?
Thiam, Cheikh Tidiane. "Décolonisation et succession d'états en Afrique : contribution à l'étude de la succession à l'ordre juridique." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010274.
Full textAlmeida, Marcel Claude d'. "Les conditions d' existence de l' Etat nouveau en droit international : l'exemple de la décolonisation en Afrique." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100088.
Full textLachenal, Guillaume. "Biomédecine et décolonisation au Cameroun, 1944-1994 : technologies, figures et institutions médicales à l'épreuve." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077025.
Full textThe bonds between France and its former African colonies have tightened after tha independences. One of the most visible manifestation of this movement has certainly been the massive presence of French doctors in post-colonial Africa. This thesis explores the political and scientific dimensions of this phenomenon, at the intersection between the history of biomedicine and the history of decolonization. Focusing on the case of Cameroon, the thesis combines several micro-studies. Organized as the biography of a drug, the Lomidine, the first part narrates the troubled aspects of the medical history of the decolonisation (1945-1960). As post-war technological progress renewed the ambitions of colonial doctors, it also entailed a series of contradictions and accidents. Medical action oscillated between modemizing optimism and colonial reaction : it epitomized the ambiguity of the times. The second part examines the involvement of French and Cameroonian medical doctors in the politics of decolonisation. The franco-cameroonian medical corporation was placed at the forefront of the political scene at the moment of independence (1960). As such, it participated in the making of the System of "La Coopération", as a privileged site where the future of post-colonial relations between France and Cameroon was imagined and organized. The third part analyses the functioning of "La Coopération" through the historical ethnography of an institution of biomedical research involving both French expatriates and Cameroonian staff. It casts light on the decolonisation of medical and scientific practices, unveiling its mechanisms as well as its contretemps
Therrien, Denis. "La littérature de la décolonisation en Afrique noire : étude d'un phénomène d'émergence : le roman d'expression anglaise et française." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63299.
Full textNakao, Sakiko. "Définir l'"Afrique" entre Panafricanisme et Nationalisme en Afrique de l'Ouest. Analyses à travers les transformations sociales au Sénégal, au Ghana et en Haute-Volta au temps de la décolonisation (1945-1962)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0180/document.
Full textThe post-Second World War period saw both the dismantlement of the colonial empires and the beginnings of the Cold War. The place of Africa became a key issue in the configuration of the new world order. This thesis examines the processes of decolonisation through the examples of certain political and cultural protagonists, and the different ways in which they tried to shape their respective societies in relation to their visions of “Africa”. By following the evolution of the notion of “Africa”, this study aims to shed light on the changing values of the colonial and postcolonial societies of West Africa, linking these to the emergence of their nationalist movements. While drawing its examples from three West African countries, this work also seeks to highlight the constitutive aspects of each of these entities, which were conceived through interactions with other colonial, regional and imperial units, often across borders. By examining the process of decolonisation as a whole, this thesis offers an understanding of the complex dynamics between its two constituent forces: pan-Africanism and nationalism
Girard-Bourgoin, Thessa. "La politique étrangère canadienne à l'égard de la décolonisation de l'Afrique de 1945 à 1960." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24407.
Full textCisse, Gouro. "Le syndicalisme africain : évolution historique, rôle politique et relations internationales. (Contribution à une approche politique du mouvement ouvrier africain )." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100052.
Full textThe African trade union movement is not a well-known one, and it does not interest the western observers. After decolonization, the trade union movement is nationalized while the new states are politically "Balkanized". The national trade unions then born are forced to link with one-party-systems, edged out or merely outlawed by the latters. Trade unions still concern a too weak number of the African working peoples. They are the pictures of an underdeveloped continent, which tries hardly to rebuild its identity. The present thesis aiming at a political science investigation, also deal, throughout the economic action of colonial African workers, with the unionism importance in the political life. It tries to show their main political role in the decolonization process, and its authentic meaning nowadays. The investigation goes from a case study of eight French speaking countries of West Africa. From that point, it analyses the trade union movement continental expression: panafrican trade union movement. The investigation ends by futurologic thoughts, from the topical occurrences, on the potentialities of a political democracy in Africa, and on what would be the rank and the importance of trade unions in such a long-term perspective
Dampha, Lang Fafa. "L'Afrique de l'Ouest anglophone entre mémoire et réparation à l'époque post-coloniale : une question de développement." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040188.
Full textThe Trans-saharan and the Trans-Atlantic slave trades, and European colonisation and apartheid that had been carried out in an atmosphere of extreme brutality, have enormously affected socioeconomic development in black Africa. Are these phenomena responsible for the present social and economic problem? Africa has been independent for over fifty years and after 1957, when the first black african country (Ghana in English West Africa) became independent, African countries created the Organisation of African Unity in 1963 under the influence of Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. They have as well created economic communities amongst themselves, such as the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), and joined existing ones created by the West, including their former colonisers. What effects do membership of organisations and associations such as the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, The world Trade Organisation, the Francophonie and the Commonwealth of nations, have on black Africa’s independence and development? Africa’s painful pasts are inevitable themes of evolution of the contemporary world. Reparations of the economic, social and psycological damages of slavery, colonialism on black Africa have therefore been asked for by Africans, as victims of the past, when the countries who had enslaved and colonised black Africa, have refused to pay reparations. What is the significance of reparation to Africa’s development? How have the roles played by the Arabs, the North Africans and the Black Africans themselves in the slave trade, affected reparations? Can Black African leaders play a role in the global process, in order to better ensure the development of the Continent?
Dang, Hong Khanh. "La Francophonie et la coopération Vietnam - Afrique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3029.
Full textMy thesis addresses Vietnam’s request to enforce its cooperation with African countries, which at present is still modest despite its growing interest there. Vietnam finds itself in a context of accelerated globalization with the emergence of both capitalism and English language. On the international scene, new dynamics are observed, such as the strong economic growth of Southern countries like China, India and Brazil, and their remarkable cooperation with African countries. At the core of this process, what distinguishes Vietnam from other South-South cooperation is that it shares with Africa the Francophonie, a political and cultural organization gathering as of 2016, 80 States and governments who share French as a language.Their francophone bond was constructed through a common history linked to decolonization and to the fact of being both Third World countries. My work answers the following question: does Francophonie, as a cultural political construct, contribute to promote the cooperation between Vietnam and Africa, particularly in the economic sector? I use Max Weber and Jean Baeschler’s ideas on the origins of capitalism in order to demonstrate the potential and current reality of the Francophone element present in the cooperation between Vietnam and Africa before proposing Vietnam’s ‘Francophone’ strategy aiming at strengthening its role in Africa. The Vietnam-Africa cooperation may serve as a case study enabling to reflect on other francophone South-South cooperation
Kourouma, Sophie. "Constructions du principe autoritaire : stratégies coloniales et post-coloniales en Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30055.
Full textThe history of the meeting of Africa and the Western world had, notably, been enunciated in terms of “clash” or “traumatic events”. Whatever has been done, it is in the framework of the slave business and of the colonialization that these two continents collided. Their confrontation came in large part from an unequal thinking based on the racist idea which comes from a willingness answering to obligations of conquest and economics, supported by a way of government producing and legitimizing domination and exploitation. Thus, from the event of this meeting and from its results, we must establish which are the concepts that the thought imagines, makes and enunciates to justify and exercise a power of domination. Enunciate, it is to create domination and make it legitimate, so strong is the affirmation that we study the event through a prism of this meeting, colonial times, particularly – and equally, after the colony – in a postcolonial situation.This study is written in the critical postcolonial questioning. In the links of the colonial domination, it is to determine, in postcolonial Africa, the imaginations and the enounced which produce and legitimize an hegemonic power, how and by who is the authority used, that which is policy – is everything policy? On which criteria does a practice or a speech constitute a way of expression and political participation?By specifying the enunciation of authority – his “oracle effect” – and the strategies of the colonial and postcolonial domination, the question of their success and of their omniscience must be asked. The challenge is to analyse the convergence of histories to the think of postcolonial as a commitment of research in the construction of a postracial democracy in Africa and in the West
Lefilleul, Alice. "Animismes : de l'Afrique aux Premières Nations, penser la décolonisation avec les écrivains." Thèse, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21128.
Full textMigani, Guia. "La Francia e l'Africa sub-sahariana, 1957-1963 : storia di una decolonizzazione fra ideali eurafricani e politica di potenza." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0021.
Full textDris, Abdessamad. "L'aspect géopolitique du conflit Sahara occidental et son impact sur la scène régionale et internationale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083537.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict is a question of decolonization which disrupts the Maghreb geopolitics for over thirty years. The conflict is a factor for the failure of regional integration in the Maghreb. The international community is powerless against this conflict and its impact on regional and international politics is becoming more visible
Manya, Judith. "Le parti communiste portugais et la question coloniale, 1921-1974." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40023.
Full textSeri-Hersch, Iris. "Histoire scolaire, impérialisme(s) et décolonisation(s) : le cas du Soudan anglo-égyptien (1945-1958)." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700410.
Full textBancel, Nicolas. "Entre acculturation et révolution : mouvements de jeunesse et sports dans l'évolution politique et institutionnelle de l'AOF (1945-1960)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010546.
Full textThis study is a contribution to the history of the decolonisation of western Africa crossing the evolution of the youth end sport movement and the political and instititutionnal history of the aof beetween 1945 and 1960. The question of the interrelations beetween the to phenomenoms leads to an analysis on three levels. A political approach: wich are the means of the yout movement for political engagement ? Does this engagement contribute significantly to independance ? May the extension of modern sports be considered as one of the sources of nationalism ? A sociological approach: in wich social environment must the youth movement situated ? From this point of view, a new particular to colonial modernity, socio- cultural urban category must be identified. A metapolitical approach : how does the process of acculturation progress along with the anticolonial contest among scholar by the practice of modern sports, the engagemen in the youth movement and the correlative appropriation of cultural and political paradigms directly imported from france. The transformation of the social and political urban background is characterised by the segmentation of acculturated elites - who were preparing their access to political responsabilities by dealing with the colonial authorities - and the scholarised generation formed after the world war ii, progressively choosing a radical fraction with the colonial system from this point of view, the proces of decolonisation of the AOF resulting from the Defferre law was conditioned by the socio-political movement in urban context
Charton-Bigot, Hélène. "La genèse ambiguë de l'élite kenyane : origines, formations et intégration de 1945 à l'indépendance." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070059.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to describe and explain the making of an African elite in Kenya between 1945 and independence in 1963, through the initiatives set up by the African population to gain higher education. The white settlers played an important part in Kenya history. Therefore, the education the Africans were able to receive aimed at prolonging a social order dominated by the immigrants. But after World War II, the political and international context has changed. The official British colonial policy was then to lead its colonies towards self-government. Higher education for the people of these territories was then part of this new progressive policy. But the white population of Kenya tried to obstruct this policy. The number of bursaries awarded to allow Africans to study in Great Britain was limited. They did not satisfy the Africans thirst for education. They set up several projects and initiatives to study in South Africa (until 1953), in India and in the United States of America. The colonial power had to face an important stream of African holding university degrees. In the mid fifties, this group educated Africans felt very frustrated by the position, both social and professional, they were offered in Kenya. At this stage the colonial society was still dominated by the Europeans. This situation led some members of this group to take a more active part in politics. Their involvement eventually rushed the Independence of Kenya
Mollard, Baptiste. "Décolonisation et formation d'une capacité administrative autonome ˸ l'encadrement de l'émigration de travail au tournant de l'indépendance en Algérie (1955-1973)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASU016.
Full textFrom 1947 to 1963, many Algerians enjoyed freedom of movement to mainland France. According to successive French and Algerian governments, with nearly 250,000 individuals in France in 1954, more than 500,000 in 1965 and just under 900,000 in 1976, they would supply an income to a quarter or a fifth of the Algerian population.These subsistence practices were supported by the Gouvernement Géneral d'Algérie (the colonial french State), which promoted a male labour emigration programme from 1955 onwards. Despite breaks caused by war, transition to independence and the conflictual birth of Franco-Algerian diplomacy, these health and professional supervision mechanisms were reinvested by the independent State until 1973.This dissertation analyses this state emigration in light of the formation of an autonomous Algerian administrative capacity at the time of the decolonisation of institutions. Against a backdrop of massive underemployment, I look at the bureaucratisation of interactions between applicants and the supervisory services. Using French colonial and diplomatic archives, Algerian documents from grey literature and the press, interviews with former Algerian civil servants and private archives, I try here to demonstrate the structuring nature of the tensions between individuals and peasant communities emigrating according to their own logic on one hand, and Algerian public action to control borders and mobility on the other hand
Laure, Charlotte. "Tragédies de la décolonisation. Un théâtre écrit en français depuis l'Afrique, la Caraïbe et Madagascar (1942-1992)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030060.
Full textIt may seem paradoxical to choose the dramatic genre of tragedy to represent and support the struggles around the decolonization process of the French empire, as it is a symbol of western culture. However, we demonstrate in this thesis the relevance of this combination of a canonical genre with a protest topic. From the study of a diverse corpus of about thirty plays written in French by African, Caribbean, and Malagasy authors in the second half of the 20th century (1942-1992), we identify a theatrical phenomenon that we call "decolonization tragedies". On the one hand, the genre of tragedy allows to create myths, to celebrate precolonial societies and to highlight anti-colonial struggles. On the other hand, this genre allows to display defeats, which enables the indictment of Europe's self-proclaimed civilizing mission, and reveals the violence of the colonial and slavery system from the standpoint of those who suffer it. Moreover, the specific nature of tragedy encourages to examine its impact on gender. Finally, discussing some distortions in the reception of the plays allows us to show that the dramatic genre is being renewed through the affirmation of a destiny that is no longer transcendental, but historical, and from which one can emancipate oneself
Ramondy, Karine. "1958-1961 : l'assassinat des leaders africains, un "moment" de construction nationale et de régulation des relations internationales (étude comparée en Afrique centrale)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H006.
Full textThrough a close examination of the trajectory of four African leaders, Barthélémy Boganda (Republic of Central Africa), Patrice Lumumba (Republic of Congo), Félix Moumié et Ruben Um Nyobé (Cameroun), during the independence era, and by means of the historical anthropology, the comparative method and focusing on Central Africa, this study tries to explore to what extent political assassination could constitute a way of regulating international relationships and lay the foundations of the national construction of their country of origins. Along their political career path, their UN-related and Pan–Africanism disillusionment that tightens around them the lethal noose of a Realpolitik caught between bipolarization and neo-colonialism will be referred to. The other hypothesis developed here is as followed : it could be possible through comparative history to bring out invariance within political assassination under the forms of recurrent processes such as the judiciary weapon, the media weapon, the lack of a decent burial place and the damnatio memoriae they’ve been sentenced to which all contrastingly led to a symbolic and iconic reversal. The study relies on numerous sources that complete each other in order to reconstitute the chain of events and allow new interpretations: private exclusive archives, public archives, some of which having been declassified for this purpose, audio-visual and printed sources, exclusive oral narratives collected by the author
Delaunay, Morgane. "Le processus d’intégration des retornados au Portugal (1975-2018) : analyse comparée avec le cas français des pieds-noirs d’Algérie." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20014.
Full textAfter the Carnation Revolution of April 25th 1974, which put an end to the Estado Novo regime in place in Portugal since 1926, the democratization process, and simultaneously the decolonisation process of the African territories under Portuguese rule, began. One of the consequences of the end of Portuguese empire in Africa, was the arrival and settlement in Portugal of nearly half-a-million Portuguese ex-colonists, coming mostly from Angola and Mozambique. Known as retornados, or returnees, most of them arrived during the summer of 1975, and represented 5% of the Portuguese resident population. In a context of high political and social instability, and of a global economic crisis, this migratory phenomenon represented an additional challenge for the Portuguese administration that had to devise and implement measures in order to welcome, accommodate, and integrate those national migrants into the Portuguese economy and society. This study focuses on the integration process of this population, in a comparative perspective with the French case of the pieds-noirs from Algeria, repatriated during the process of the Algerian independence
Tandjigora, Abdou Karim. "L’évolution économique et sociale comparée de deux régions sénégalaises dans le processus de colonisation, décolonisation et développement : le boundou et le gadiaga, 1885-1980." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40040/document.
Full textThe economic and social evolution compared by two regions of Senegal in the process of decolonisation: Boundou and Gadiaga on 1885-1980This thesis is the analysis of the internal evolution of Boundou and Gadiaga (Eastern Senegal) whose economies have been little entitled to the colonial and postcolonial elites. The processes and mechanisms of marginalisation are so far softly reported regarding the Gadiaga’s area but this has not been considered in the case of Boundou, and indeed previous work exclusively restricted to the period of colonial domination and makes no “link” between the colonial and postcolonial manifestations of marginalisation.This exclusion of the overall economy of Senegal in many ways and any time is the result of the orientation of economic policies and low opportunities offered by public policies in certain areas. The factors of marginalisation of Boundou Gadiaga are basically structural order (lack of substantial investment and lack of vision and strategy on long run but weakness of sustainable economic approaches) and non-cyclical economic mechanism. Along the social aspects, the population undergoes heavily the economic consequences of the lackluster of the region, and the conditions entail the mass movement of population from rural to urban area (rural exodus) and the disruption of social structures, which increase the pressure of the economic on backwardness. It occurs on short run vicious circle of marginalisation since the accentuation of economic backwardness by social phenomena, encourages public authorities to push back investment’s programs or cancel it, by spotlighting the pretext of the declining population.The similarity of the economic condition between the “shared time” colonial and “owned time” postcolonial and the social behaviours considered induced effects does not allow the scheme management of the modern state of Senegal is simply the offshoot of colonial policy
Ajavon, Lawoetey-Pierre. "Le problème de l'indépendance de la Namibie (Sud-Ouest africain)." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR1D317.
Full textThe question of the independence of namibia constitutes one of the most complexes problems of colonialism on the african continent today. Amoung the most significant features of the current situation in namibia, it is necessary to noite on the one hand an extension of the repressive activities of the racist regime of south africa and the other hand, the intensification of the liberation war carried out by swapo against the racists occupation forces. In response to the decisions of the united nations, general assembly, the international court of justice and the united nations council for namibia, south africa has answered by further repressions and social inegualities. Incapable of persuading south africa either by negociations or by judicial process line up to its obligations of a mandate power, the assembly general took a historic decision: it revoqued the mandate and declared itself. The sole authority responsible for the administration of the teritory until its independence (resolution inspite of prolonged and contradictory negociations between south africa and the five western powers of the contact group (united states, france, great britain, canada and west germany) beetween 1976 and 1978, south africa policy has remained extremely hand: this policy has consisted of refusing to deal directly with swapo while admitting that all was negotiable. This refusal is inspite of the fact that swapo has been recognised by the united nations as the only true representative of the namibian people. The question of namibian independence has therefore become a struggle for influence between the west united states and soviet union. In this perspective namibia has been one of the cards in the strategique game of the great powers on the african continent
Sami, Amos Cyronet. "L'influence de la France et de la C. E. E. Face à la politique socio-économique et culturelle de développement et de croissance en Afrique centrale sub-saharienne : le cas camerounais." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081011.
Full textThe history of influential french and c. E. E. Facing social political economic and cultural policy, for the development and growth in sub-saharian central africa, of the great changes moment political economic, monetary, as well in industrialized countries as is the states of central and sub-saharian africa ; induces us to start on an theorycal and pratical analysis investigation wich leads us towards cameroons this research will try and uncover the actual development among the fallacious informations of a simple political economic growth in the sub-saharian context, considering the world wide crisis, and the fact that the state of cameroons has only bean independent for about thirty years. The investigation is essentially based upon a pluridisciplinary study of that central and sub-saharian africa state. A scientific study does effectively imply a concrete social and historical reality, as is shown in marx's capital, in respect of keeping a rigor in our lecture, that the "althusserians" would qualify as "symtomal", yet, gramsci's works show its consistence as well as its strougth in a policy of mobilization of all popular efforts, for an actual development, excluding any "knout" as auther (staline)
Da, Silva Lala Amaral. "L'enjeu colonial dans les relations franco-portugaises, 1944-1974." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0021.
Full textIn the wake of the Second World War, the administering Powers came to agree on the necessity of forming a “common front”, notably in Black Africa, to resist the anti-colonial offensive. In the context of this closer alignment, the Commission of Technical Cooperation in Black Africa (CCTA), established by the administering Powers, would play the role of a shield against the interest shown by the United States and the institutions of the UN in Africa. From now on, France and Portugal both took up these different concerns. In the context of the cold war, decolonisation, wars of liberation and European construction which followed, the two nations would become even closer. In pursuing the strategy of politics of national grandeur – which consisted of shattering the structures of the bipolar world – the Portuguese colonial empire was a precious asset. Indeed, Charles de Gaulle and Salazar shared the same reservations about the United States. From this perspective, even if the Suez crisis was a resounding failure for the colonial powers, it was the beginning of a new era in Franco-Portuguese relations. From this point onwards, the Portuguese were conclusively convinced that the United States was not in a position to guarantee the sovereignty of their colonies. At the same time as the policy of self government was described by the Portuguese authorities as that of abandon, French independence from Washington became a decisive factor
Mokhefi, Geist Mansouria. "Les Etats-Unis et la guerre d'Algérie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0016.
Full textHadouchi, Olivier. "Cinéma dans les luttes de libération. Genèses, initiatives pratiques et inventions formelles autour de la Tricontinentale (1966-1975)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030065.
Full textWe study a corpus of films dedicated to the liberation struggles around the Tricontinental from 1966 to 1975. The expression "Tricontinental" applies to the three continents of the third world (Africa, Asia and Latin America), and mainly the Tricontinental Solidarity Conference which took place in Havana in1966, and also the organization and the publication with the same name. Mehdi Ben Barka was the Chairman of the Preparing Committee of the Tricontinental event, which had to reinforce the unity of the struggling third world against imperialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism all over the world. First, we show the genesis of cinema in the liberation struggles (the Algerian war of independence). Then we create a corpus of films around the tricontinental constellation, taking into account the posters and the animated images. This corpus is located at two main places: Africa and Latin America, at the background of Vietnam war. It includes works directed by: Santiago Álvarez, Julio García Espinosa, Mario Handler, William Klein, Yann Le Masson, Glauber Rocha, Alberto Roldán, Ugo Ulive, René Vautier. Various texts were written accompanying this cinema of third world’s liberation. We examine theories and manifestos such as: "For a Parallel Cinema (Anonymous)", "Esthetic of violence" (G. Rocha), "Towards a third cinema" (F. Solanas and O. Getino), "For an Imperfect Cinema" (J.G. Espinosa). The stylistic and the formal characteristics of these films are analyzed, in order to question the crossing from the hour of furnaces to the hour of the ashes and confusion, thinking about the theoretical and practical impact of these films
Freitas-Fernandes, Aurélien. "Le Concert Party hier et aujourd’hui en Afrique de l’ouest : une enquête de terrain (évolution histoire, question dramaturgiques, enjeux esthétiques et sociologiques)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030030.
Full textThis thesis in Theatre Studies, accompanied by a scientific documentary film, is based on a historical and anthropological field study that aims to understand the dramaturgical and sociological issues of a genre of musical cabaret theatre called the Concert Party. From its origins during the colonial period to the present day, the Concert Party has been an extremely popular and subversive artistic movement in West Africa. Produced in the vernacular (Twi, Ewe, Mina...), associated with highlife music and relying on highly coded disguises, make-up and dramaturgy, the shows are still performed in the maquis of the large and medium-sized cities of the West African coast and derisively enjoy turning colonial and racist representations on their head while resisting cultural alienation and political powers. Born in 1930 in the Gold Coast (now Ghana), the genre was exported to its neighbouring country Togo in 1965 after independence. However, the genre's fate in these two countries was very different, without losing its subversive force. The research, which focuses on the history and mutations of the genre up to its present day, is based on research undertaken during several visits to Ghana and Togo, as well as on field experiences from the inside. It was carried out, among other things, by immersion in the Azé Kokovivina Concert Band, Togo's last great concert party company, created in 1985. This also made it possible to collect archives, testimonies and video traces in the form of a scientific report
Charkioui, Samia. "Décoloniser la fiction : cinémas du Maghreb au 21ème siècle." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20049.
Full textOrientalism -as Edward Said defined it- is a paradigm of which power and currentness are also expressed in cinema. Representations of Maghreb countries conveyed by and within European culture have formed overtime, an “Oriental-fiction” that has moved into and settled in the core of many “Maghrebis” film-makers’ creations. These films perpetuate and recreate an “East-of-the West”. They reproduce the depictions and speeches of a fiction that is still alive as much as necessary to the gratifying mirror of the dominant (western) world. They feed the European public with a cinema made out of stories that seem built in the imaginary realm of orientalist stratifications. This "orientalist self-fiction" carried by Maghrebi cinema, obstructs and distorts the actual spaces these films aim to reveal. It also exposes the subjective ambivalence that lies within their symbolization project. Crushed by the necessity to document alterity, these films end up inevitably entangled in the colonial dialectics of domination and doomed to repeat them. The critical analysis carried by this work is based upon a broad corpus of films that were mostly co-produced and filmed in Morocco in the 2000s. At the confluents of aesthetics, politics and poetry, this thesis demonstrates the need for a decolonial practice in the art of cinema
Arthéron, Axel. "Les théâtres afro-caribéens d'expression française au XXème siècle face à la Révolution de Saint-Domingue : dramaturgies révolutionnaires et enjeux populaires." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030161.
Full textThe appearance in the 50’ of afro-Caribbean’s pieces setting up the Dominican Revolution proves to be symbolic. Announced by the creation of La Tragedie du Roi Christophe from Aimé Césaire by Jean-Marie Serreau and the Toucan Troupe, these theatricals expressions will go towards defining a proper theatrical type- possessing his own characteristics, his writing codes, his connection with history and historical characters, and above all, his purpose, his finality : his political and popular function. The articulation between the choice of theater, the political theme of the Dominican Revolution and the stakes of the second half of the 20th Century will constitute the insignia of the historical revolutionary theater, both political and popular
Jolly, Laurent. "Le tirailleur somali : le métier des armes instrumentalisé (début XXe siècle - fin des années 60)." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU1009/document.
Full textThis study is about the recruits of the French army in Djibouti, from the First World war until the sixties. Because of their scarce numbers, compared with those from other parts of the African empire, their part in world conflicts is less known. Though, contrary to what went on in other French colonies, the enlistments were all voluntary and many of the enlisted were not from Djibouti. So, they seem to have been mercenaries hired for operations abroad thus strengthening their image as warriors in the eyes of the people in the area, especially the Somali who enlisted the most. The study is based on the French archives, particularly on the personal records of over 1300 “tirailleurs” representing a quarter of the enlistments during the most significant years. This statistical approach, completed with field work, allows us to study these enlistments from a social point of view and reveals motivations quite different from the clichés still widely spread in the western world as well as among the population of the Horn. This double point of view, quantitative and micro-historical, reveals the motivations of these young men enlisted in a colonial army, regional migration movements, their individual strategies in relation with the socio-economical context in the Horn marked by food crisis, political insecurity and the decline of pastoralism. Being used as instruments by a colonial power like many other Africans during the several conflicts in which they took part, these temporary warriors never forgot their own interests which they attempted to conciliate with the colonial domination. Their often short stay with the French army was for many reasons an experience, a sort of step into modernity. This study attempts to measure this otherness particularly through individual and familial paths. Even though they were cultural go-betweens, the colonizing power tried to use them in the context of decolonization. In that case, the army produced new notabilities and attempt to win the loyalty of its ex-servicemen. But then, again, the different individuals adopted postures far more complex than they seem to be, their faithfulness never overstepping their personal interest. The profession of arms was thus used at a private level, but also in the new political world after 1945
Nur, Goni Marian. "Réparer (avec) l'archive ? Histoires de photographies somalies et de leurs circulations (1890-2016)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0092/document.
Full textThis thesis traces the trajectories of some selected images, first taken of and then by Somali men and women from the Horn of Africa since the late 19th century to the present.Taken during ethnographic exhibitions of Somalis in Europe (of which this workproposes a detailed timeline since 1890) or commercial and political exploration missions to East Africa, these photographs have been both the medium and vector through which a certain knowledge has been produced and circulated concerning these people. This study undertakes, therefore, to examine the modes and contexts ofproduction, consumption and filiation of these "Somali images" in learned societies and popular newspapers in France.The study of the circulation and reappropriation of these historical images today on the Internet to serve contemporary purposes then leads to an analysis of how, in the digital era, a young, Internet-savvy generation from the Somali diaspora is now reclaiming its voice (raising questions about who can speak and how) through new website and blog projects, which attempt to establish (or mend?) an alternative Somali photographic archive. Thus, these projects both question the image of Somalia in the international media (an image associated, to a great extent, with famine, Islamic terrorism, piracy and "failed states") and offer new ways of preserving and transmitting other, often buried, memories of this country and its past before the civil war in the context of a certain "destruction of history".Finally, the third and last part of this study briefly revolves around photographicpractices observed in Djibouti during fieldwork from 2010 to 2012, here again with aparticular attention to the ways in which images are produced and conserved.This thesis raises the challenge of writing an on-going history that embraces itslacunae and voids – a feature that the researcher and the "subjects" of the research share – based on evolving material and digital fragments, in an attempt to highlight how their circulations profoundly affect their meanings and they ways in which we understand and make sense of them
Mougin, Martine. "L'Afrique à l'école depuis 1945 jusqu'à la fin des années 90 : le cas de l'académie de Grenoble." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/mougin_m.
Full textIn a world that has become irrevocably global, and where the gap between continents and countries keeps widening, education can play a major role in developing ideals of international understanding, justice and solidarity. The objective of this research is to investigate how the educational community has been able to take into account this necessary opening onto South countries since 1945. Its focus is Africa : How has the educational community reacted to the main events on that continent ? What place has been devoted to teaching its culture and problems ? How have North-South relationships been taught ? And beyond ‘development education', this study also raises questions about the objectives of teaching and the teaching profession. Il is based on data collected in various types of educational establishements ranging from nursery schools to universities in the Grenoble area. It concerns all aspects of the educational system, from government-initiated policies to local initiative, and deals with all the characteristics of ‘development education', from informing students in France to setting up partnerships with South countries. It is largely based on statements made by the main participants ( high school and college students, teachers ). It also highlights the necessary link with international aid and solidarity organisations. Through these attempts, the North-South dialogue has found its place in schools, especially since the seventies, but it remains somewhat marginal. As a new millenium begins, ‘development education' proves more urgent than ever and needs a new impetus
Ben, Ali Anis. "La presse et le rapatriement des Français d'Afrique du Nord dans le département des Alpes-Maritimes 1955-1962." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2030.
Full textThe repatriation of the North Africa’s French (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia), following the decolonization between 1955 and 1962 put the French State in front of enormous problems, in particular housing, employment and integration. The department of Alpes-Maritimes has received and accommodated tens of thousands. However, this tourist department did not have the capacity to accommodate, place and give work to this great number of people. All the newspapers of the Alpes-Maritimes presented this phenomenon of repatriation with a certain reserve and much of zones of shades. Arrived in the Alpes-Maritimes since 1956, the presence of the repatriates of North Africa will be announced by the press only in 1961. The presence and the suffering of a great number of repatriates have been unknown
Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210891.
Full textLes Européens (Belges, Grecs et Italiens) du Katanga, dont le nombre s’est considérablement réduit au cours de la période post-coloniale, forment aujourd’hui le groupe le plus puissant de l’économie de la région. Au vu des troubles qui ont marqué l’histoire du Congo depuis l’indépendance, pourquoi sont-ils restés sur place ?Comment ont-ils développé leurs affaires dans une économie sur le déclin, en voie de marginalisation, et dans une structure politique patrimoniale de plus en plus instable ?Et quelle est leur place au sein de la société congolaise ?Telle est la triple question de départ à laquelle tente de répondre cette thèse en abordant de façon successive, au fil des chapitres, leur parcours migratoire, leur insertion dans la société congolaise, la dynamique de leur communauté, leur rôle dans les deux plus gros secteurs de la région, et leurs rapports avec les représentants de l’Etat. Elle prend appui pour ce faire sur une recherche de terrain conduite entre 2003 et 2004.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0227.
Full textIf the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004
Racine, Maryliz. "Le passage à l'ère post-westphalienne : les politiques européennes et impériales de la France pendant la IVe République (1944-1958)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0253.
Full textAfter the Second World War, France witnessed major changes in policymakers’ vision of the country’s future and of French interests and aims. French decision-makers thus sought to strengthen links between the French metropole and its colonies in order to reassess its imperial identity, which was founded on republican principles. This new identity had a significant influence on how interests within the international system and particularly in Europe were pursued. Pro-European projects were therefore analyzed through the lens of an Imperial Power. Accordingly, this thesis argues that French leaders questioned the international relations framework based on the nation-state as the central entity of the international system. French officials and policy-makers promoted a federal Eurafrican project to avoid the process of decolonization and create a political structure that would defuse colonial issues. The French decision makers pushed the overseas territories to transcend the stage of nationalism to reach an advanced statehood model: a post-Westphalian stage in which their demands for total independence would be obsolete
Adjati, Toussaint. "La papauté face à l'independance de l'Afrique : cas du Benin et du Senegal 1955-1965." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0046.
Full textThe papacy did not remain on the sidelines of the African decolonization. Indeed, considering that people overseas are mature enough for independence, she has found, despite the fact that it is not politics, the courage to contribute to the advent of independence African it also supported by numerous direct and indirect actions of years virtually all economic and social policy areas and cultural. But today, 50 years later, look how she deals with this African independence
Profizi, Vanina. "De l'île à l'Empire : colonisation et construction de l'identité nationale : les Corses, la nation et l'empire colonial français XIXe-XXe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0031.
Full textCorsica is by a high level of emigration throughout its history. Numerous agents and officials of French colonisation originate from the island. This contributed to get the Corsican involved into French identity, despite their late, brutal and incomplete integration to the metropolis. Decolonization induced major economic, political and social changes, and contributed to a reappraisal of Corsica's belonging to France since the 1960ies. After being enthusiastic supporters of the French colonial project, Corsicans are presented as being put under a political, economic and cultural tutelage similar to the colonial process. The colonial nature of Corsica's relationship with France is thus to be questioned. This work describes colonial migration: its organisation, its apprehension and its social consequences in Corsica as well as in the Empire: It also evaluates the impact of decolonization on this system by studying the remaining presence of Corsicans in former French colonies, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, and by considering the responsibility of imperial dismantlement in the phenomenon of political and social instability characterising Corsica since the 1960's
Garycka-Balmitgere, Anna. "L'Afrique vue de Pologne : voyages et images littéraires." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC003.
Full textThe relations between Poland and Africa are considered in this thesis in a historical and comparative approach in order to contribute to the studies of the image of Africa in European literatures. As a link to the geopolitical situation of Poland the questioning is articulated about the image of a colonised space created in the literature of a country not implicated in colonisation. Three kinds of facts are analysed. First, travels by the Polish in Africa, then, stories created as a result of these travels, and finally the images that exist in Polish imagery with their literary, ideological or political uses. The relations between Polish writers and Africa are studied in an extended corpus which refers to writers of the colonial period (Joseph Conrad and Henryk Sienkiewicz) but is more focused on the decolonisation period from 1950 to 1980, where Ryszard Kapuściński’s writings are put in perspective by a number of secondary writers, reporters, physicians, missionaries or diplomats. The African alterity is also approached in its specular dimension as a mirror through which the Polish identity is observed and defined. The Polish image of Africa comes into view as a paradox since it simultaneously is contrary to Western images and a reproduction of them. A place of deep literary roots, Africa becomes in Polish literature also a place of reflection which – more than some politic ulterior motives or hidden culpabilities characteristic of imperial powers – reveals the union of destinies
Mireault, Ghislain. "Considérations économiques et décolonisation en Afrique subsaharienne, 1956-1960 : la perception des dirigeants français." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16802.
Full textBarnay, Martin. "Aux frontières du mercenariat : éléments de contexte et trajectoires de trois «affreux» français de la sécession katangaise (1960-1963)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12478.
Full textThis thesis studies the case of three French combatants engaged in favor of the secession of Katanga (1960-1963), in the wake of Belgian Congo’s independence. These men were recruited to fight against the Congolese army and UN peacekeepers as those latter sought to reintegrate by force the province into a united Congo. Hardened by a decade of counter-insurgency warfare, the few dozens of French “affreux” proved to be key figures in the Katangese military apparatus. The thesis is informed by recent work in the sociology of intellectual and activist fields, and confirms the relevance of these methodologies in the study of transnational military service. Focusing on the objective conditions that structure practice rather than on the psychological dimensions of action, this research highlights the “deep forces” according to which the intervention of the “affreux” was shaped. The trajectories of these men are examined across the varying levels of context within which they took place: the history of decolonization and of the Cold War; the rapports between old European nations and emerging world powers regarding Africa; the principles, rules and rationale characterizing the foreign policy of France under the Fifth Republic. Our thesis reveals that the use of the “affreux” coincides with the decline of old colonial powers and with the affirmation of new players such as the United States, the Soviet Union and the UN on the international stage. The engagement of these men, without any official status, appears to France as a roundabout way to keep in place some of its interests and influence in Africa.
Kalaora, Léa. "Les occupations de fermes commerciales au Zimbabwe : récits, expériences et devenirs des fermiers blancs." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6261.
Full textThis thesis presents an ethnography of the fate of white farmers caught up in the complexity of their long-term presence in Zimbabwe. The analysis is centered around a time of crisis, the current farm occupations, characterised in this work as ethical and critical moments. These occupations symbolically and effectively challenge the remains of colonialism in Zimbabwe. The study of these leads us to question the ways by which decolonization is implemented in the Zimbabwe of President Mugabe, and about issues concerning the form, in particular in legal terms, of the post-colony. These occupations have caused the expulsion of more than 90% of white farmers from their “utopian place”, namely the farm, and pushed them into spaces of ambiguity within which the farm occupiers are seeking confrontation. The issue of corruption (economic and moral) is central to the experience of white farmers who were forced to give up their integrity. Some of them have tried by various means to maintain their integrity by protecting themselves against corruption and by calling for the respect of their "rights"; others have agreed to live in the grey areas constituted by the occupation of their farms. This thesis, rooted in post-colonial anthropology, is organized into three parts. The central question of the first part, which is historically oriented, interrogates the form the settlers gave to this country and the manner by which white farmers made these lands of Africa "their" place. In the second part, the establishment of the post-2000 “fast-track land reform programme” and the daily experiences of the occupations from white farmers’ points of view are analyzed in detail. In the third part, the lives of farmers dispossessed of their farms is adressed from Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, as well as from Britain, where many have found refuge. Those currently living in Harare have reorganized themselves socially and economically by redefining the limits, including moral ones, of the community. Meanwhile, those who fled Zimbabwe and "returned" to England have since became English again.
Abadie, Delphine. "Reconstruire la philosophie à partir de l'Afrique : une utopie postcoloniale." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20587.
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