Dissertations / Theses: 'Deep ecology'

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Antolick, Matthew. "Deep ecology and Heideggerian phenomenology." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000104.

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Antolick, Matthew. "Deep Ecology and Heideggerian Phenomenology." Scholar Commons, 2002. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1326.

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This thesis examines the connections between Arne Naess's Deep Ecology and Martin Heidegger's Phenomenology. The latter provides a philosophical basis for the former. Martin Heidegger's critique of traditional metaphysics and his call for an "event" ontology that is deeper than the traditional substance ontology opens a philosophical space in which a different conception of what it is to be emerges. Heidegger's view of humans also provides a basis for the wider and deeper conception of self Arne Naess seeks: one that gets rid of the presupposition that human beings are isolated subjects embedded in a framework of objects distinct from them. Both Heidegger and Naess illustrate how the substance-ontological dogma affects human culture, encouraging humans to live as if they were divorced from their environmental surroundings. When humans live according to an atomistic conception of themselves as independent from their context, alienation results, not only from each other, and not only of humans from the surrounding environment, but from themselves as well. This thesis focuses on Heidegger's employment of the conception of poiesis or self-bringing-forth as clarifying the "root" of such ecosystemic processes as growth, maturation, reproduction, and death. Thus, Heidegger's call to phenomenology -- "to the things themselves" -- is a call away from the objectifying dichotomies through which substance ontology articulates the world into isolated components. It is the purpose of this thesis to demonstrate not only the connections between the later Heidegger and Naess, but also to argue in favor of their claims that traditional philosophical perspectives regarding humans, the environment, and ethics need to be re-appropriated in a new way in order to avoid further ecological degradation and provide for the health and well being of the future generations that will inevitably inherit the effects of our present actions.

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Copley, Jonathan Timothy Peter. "Ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246235.

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Howell, Kerry Louise. "The ecology of deep-sea asteroids." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268842.

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Rodrigues, Vera Mónica dos Santos. "Deep Ecology: Princípios, Fundamentos e Fins." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7622.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ecologia Humana e Problemas Sociais Contemporâneos
A Deep Ecology insere-se nas Éticas Ambientais como uma perspectiva ecocêntrica, no seu sentido holístico, com alguns traços do biocentrismo igualitário. É uma perspectiva que incentiva o activismo ambiental, influenciando diversas organizações ambientalistas, e que assenta em princípios religiosos e filosóficos. O seu fundador é Arne Naess, filósofo Norueguês que traçou um percurso particular, com diversas influências, desde Filosofias espirituais Orientais, onde se insere Ghandi, defensor do princípio da não-violência; ao Panteísmo de Espinosa, que em paralelo com o Budismo atribui à Deep Ecology o carácter de uma ontologia. Por ser um movimento que apela a uma alteração de consciência, defendendo o despertar de uma consciência ecológica, é muitas vezes considerado radical e associado a actos de violência, como terrorismo ambiental, e a críticas de teor discriminatório, como a misantropia. Fortemente influenciados pela Deep Ecology de Naess, Bill Devall e George Sessions adoptam, no seu seguimento, esta perspectiva. Numa forma distinta, descrevem-na como uma perspectiva que se destaca no panorama ambientalista, com uma estrutura própria e quase literária, uma influência para a adopção de práticas ecológicas que vai muito além das atitudes, não se trata de ser ecológico mas sim de ser um ser ecológico.

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Billett, David. "The ecology of deep-sea Holothurians." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/384501/.

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MAGAGNINI, MIRKO. "Viral ecology in the deep sea." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242345.

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Schlottmann, Chris. "Embodiment and embeddedness in philosophies of ecology deep ecology, Confucian ecology, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology /." Connect to this thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1210.

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Power, Shahed Ahmed. "Gandhi and deep ecology : experiencing the nonhuman environment." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14753/.

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The present study concentrates on the experience of nature in the life of Mohandas K. Gandhi. This detailed environmental biography of Gandhi follows him from the early years in India, through his years in England as a young man and on to South Africa where his beliefs about humanity's proper relationship with the nonhuman world were shaped. There is also a detailed examination of his dietary and nature-cure experiments which date from his years in England, 1888 - 1891, with a discussion of the original works that he cites in his own writings. Diet involves a most intimate relationship with the nonhuman environment. Gandhi sought a diet which involved the least unavoidable violence and which the poor could afford. Health for Gandhi was a state of total well-being - social, physical and spiritual. Gandhi established communities of workers dedicated to service, first in South Africa at Phoenix Settlement and Tolstoy Farm, and then in India at Sabarmati Ashram and Sevagram. Here his respect for the integrity of other living beings was tested by experience. Rabid dogs, the threat of venomous snakes to both livestock and humans, and the nuisance of monkeys pilfering from the ashram's fruit trees and vegetables were situations that had to be resolved. Since its inception in 1972 the Deep Ecology movement has been linked with the name of the Norwegian ecophilosopher Arne Naess, who has also devoted many years to an analysis of Gandhi's philosophy. The experience of nature and reflection on humanity's right relationship with the nonhuman environment is brought up to the present-day via a consideration of some of the individuals and indigenous people that deep ecology acknowledges as part of its background, such as Henry Thoreau, John Muir, Mary Austin, Aldo Leopold and Richard St. Barbe Baker.

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Waller, Rhian G. "The reproductive ecology of deep-water scleractinian corals." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402225.

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Okoronkwo, U. J. "Deep ecology as a part of ecological culture." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31665.

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The aim of Deep ecology is to analyze the complex inter-relationships between the existence of living organisms (man inclusive) and others in the ecosystem. The present day generation must study in details the relevance of living organisms within the ecosystem. They must also learn ways of improving the environment and know the effects of man’s activities in the eco system. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31665

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Van, Zanten Joel A. "Foundations of Deep Ecology: Daoism and Heideggerian Phenomenology." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1249483297.

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Conway, Alexander. "Deep neural networks for video classification in ecology." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32520.

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Analyzing large volumes of video data is a challenging and time-consuming task. Automating this process would very valuable, especially in ecological research where massive amounts of video can be used to unlock new avenues of ecological research into the behaviour of animals in their environments. Deep Neural Networks, particularly Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, are a powerful class of models for computer vision. When combined with Recurrent Neural Networks, Deep Convolutional models can be applied to video for frame level video classification. This research studies two datasets: penguins and seals. The purpose of the research is to compare the performance of image-only CNNs, which treat each frame of a video independently, against a combined CNN-RNN approach; and to assess whether incorporating the motion information in the temporal aspect of video improves the accuracy of classifications in these two datasets. Video and image-only models offer similar out-of-sample performance on the simpler seals dataset but the video model led to moderate performance improvements on the more complex penguin action recognition dataset.

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Van, Zanten Joel. "Foundations of deep ecology : Daoism and Heideggerian phenomenology /." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1249483297.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Toledo, 2009.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Arts in Philosophy." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 80-83.

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Ashford, Oliver Simon. "Illuminating the deep : an exploration of deep-sea benthic macrofaunal ecology in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:228c4d19-56a8-41e1-a1da-9ca13fe2eef1.

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Understanding of the fundamental ecology of deep-sea ecosystems remains immature relative to more familiar shallow-water and terrestrial habitats, despite more than two hundred years of scientific investigation. This thesis aims to progress knowledge of deep-sea benthic ecology by the analysis of over three hundred box core samples collected from the Northwest Atlantic continental slope as part of the international NEREIDA programme. Aspects of the ecology of Peracarida (Crustacea) are studied, and this is facilitated by the coupling of a large faunal dataset with extensive environmental information. To further enhance the power of this dataset, phylogenetic and functional characteristics of assemblages are investigated. Using community phylogenetic methodology, it is demonstrated that the peracarid assemblages studied are structured more strongly by variation in environmental parameters than they are by competitive interactions. Analyses demonstrate that the intensity of bottom trawling, seafloor temperature, current speed, food availability, sediment characteristics and physical habitat heterogeneity all influence deep-sea peracarid assemblage biodiversity metrics. Further, the importance of high poriferan biomass for the promotion of peracarid assemblages of high density, biomass, richness and diversity is highlighted. Of relevance to the management of deep-sea ecosystems, the results of this thesis suggest that caution should be exercised when applying species distribution models to data-deficient environments, whilst the location of spatial closures in the NAFO Regulatory Area may not be fully optimal for the protection of all components of diverse benthic assemblages against the impacts of bottom trawling. The importance of deep-sea diversity is demonstrated by the finding of positive biodiversity â ecosystem functioning relationships. However, the form of these relationships is found to be dependent on the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning metrics employed, and a hypothesis for a generalised form of biodiversity â ecosystem functioning relationships is proposed. Finally, this thesis calls for more ambitious deep-sea ecological investigations, and it is hoped that its findings will encourage future research initiatives, helping to further illuminate this enigmatic and fascinating environment.

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BARONE, GIULIO. "The Ecology and Diversity of Benthic Deep-Sea Fungi." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263530.

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I funghi sono ovunque sulla Terra e contano oltre 2 milioni di specie, di cui solo il 10% è stato descritto. Il contributo fungino ai processi ecologici in ecosistemi terrestri è nodale. Tuttavia, la diversità e l’ecologia fungina negli ecosistemi bentonici di acque profonde sono ancora sconosciute. Questa tesi propone un’analisi dettagliata della letteratura corrente sull’ecologia dei funghi e fornisce nuove informazioni sulla loro abbondanza e diversità in campioni di sedimenti di acque profonde raccolti in tutto il mondo. Negli ultimi decenni, la diversità fungina è stata descritta da in numerosi habitat bentonici di acque profonde, ma le informazioni quantitative sul loro ruolo ecologico sono carenti. Questa tesi mostra che l'abbondanza fungina non diminuisce all'aumentare della profondità dell'acqua, contrariamente ad altri eucarioti. Piuttosto, l’abbondanza fungina è generalmente alta e correlata alla disponibilità di risorse trofiche ed in particolare alle concentrazioni di carboidrati, che in questi ecosistemi includono la frazione più refrattaria. Questo studio rivela anche una ricchezza relativamente elevata di OTU fungine, in gran parte assenti nelle banche dati pubbliche, suggerendo che i sedimenti bentonici ospitano nuovi taxa anche ad alto livello tassonomico. Infine, la composizione delle comunità fungine varia nei diversi ecosistemi bentonici profondi in funzione di fattori biologici e ambientali. In particolare, le condizioni termoaline e l'ossigeno disciolto spiegano significativamente le variazioni osservate ad ampia scala spaziale. Nel complesso, questo studio suggerisce che i funghi possono essere responsabili della degradazione di quelle risorse inaccessibili ad altri gruppi microbici e che i funghi sono una componente significativa, anche se largamente trascurata, delle comunità microbiche bentoniche di profondità. Pertanto, i funghi dovrebbero essere inclusi nei modelli per lo studio di reti trofiche e cicli biogeochimici.
Fungi occur in every environment of Earth and account for more than 2 million species of which we only roughly described the 10%. Fungal contribution to ecological processes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is pivotal and well recognised. However, fungal diversity and ecology are yet largely unknown in benthic deep-sea ecosystems. Thus, this thesis provides a deep analysis of the current literature about fungal ecology along with laboratory analyses on fungal abundance and diversity in deep-sea sediment samples collected worldwide. In the last few decades, fungi have been described from numerous benthic deep-sea habitats accounting for substantial diversity. However, quantitative information is missing hampering conclusions regarding their ecological role. The results of this thesis indicate that fungal abundance does not decline with increasing water depth, conversely to other eukaryotes. Rather, fungal abundance is generally high and strongly correlated to trophic resource availability and in particular with carbohydrate concentrations, which in deep-sea sediments include the less bioavailable fraction. This study also reveals that benthic deep-sea ecosystems host a relatively high fungal OTUs richness, whose majority did not match public databases, suggesting that benthic deep-sea sediments host novel taxa even at high taxonomic level. Also, assemblage composition considerably varies across benthic deep-sea ecosystems in function of biological and environmental factors such as thermohaline conditions and dissolved oxygen which significantly explain patterns of fungal assemblage composition over a wide spatial scale. Overall, this study suggests that fungi can be responsible for the degradation of those resources inaccessible to other microbial groups and that fungi are a significant, although largely overlooked, component of the benthic deep-sea assemblages which should be included in food-web and biogeochemical cycle models.

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Tatray, Dara Linda Miriam School of History &amp Philosophy of Science UNSW. "Rebuilding the foundations of deep ecology a nondualist approach." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of History and Philosophy of Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25147.

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This work examines the representations of the Perennial Philosophy in the literature of the Deep Ecology movement, and the negative response of critics to the Self-realisation approach. It then goes on to suggest that a deeper engagement with the nondualistic doctrines Naess embraced could lift environmental philosophy out of the Cartesian framework in which it appears to be bogged down. Deep Ecology has been accused of being politically ineffective, and letting down the environmental movement, because it remains insufficiently engaged with debates concerning power, class, sex, and other hegemonies that occupy the minds of social ecologists, ecofeminists, and cultural studies theorists. I argue that Deep Ecology is not as ineffective as detractors claim, but that it remains philosophically undeveloped, and has not provided sound foundations for environmental ethics. The qualified nondualism I advance, based on Ved??nta, the work of David Bohm, and (to a lesser extent) Platonic thought, treats cosmos, society and the individual as intelligent creative systems in which the interrelated parts are expressions of a vital generative order to which each is actively related. The Self is a mirror of the cosmos, engaged in the process of becoming a more complete reflection of the totality. In all of this the nature of consciousness as vast creative intelligence is paramount, and freedom dominates the entire process from beginning to end. This thesis offers an opportunity to rethink ideas of value, moral considerability, and the nature of the empirical self, from a nondualistic perspective. It proposes that "intrinsic unity" might replace the community as the foundational moral concept for environmental ethics. In the process, emphasis shifts away from the objective sphere and settles firmly on the thinker and thought. Following Bohm and Krishnamurti, I argue that conditioned thought is the only barrier to (inner) freedom and creativity. Most important, the metaphysics of nondualism privileges processes of universal Self-realisation, and reveals the limitations of the empirical self. Understanding thought as a process then becomes something of a moral imperative.

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De, Jonge Eccy. "Spinoza's metaphysics as the basis for a deep ecology." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343273.

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Bergen, Walter Jacob. "Deep ecology an assessment and critique from a Christian perspective /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Premke, Katrin. "Aggregations of Arctic deep-sea scavenging amphipods at large food falls = Ökologische Untersuchungen nekrophager Amphipoden in der arktischen Tiefsee /." Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0706/2006506722.html.

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Indranil, Mukherjee. "Ecology of kinetoplastid flagellates in freshwater deep lakes of Japan." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217135.

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Fox, Warwick. "Toward a transpersonal ecology: The context, influence, meanings, and distinctiveness of the deep ecology approach to ecophilosophy." Thesis, Fox, Warwick (1988) Toward a transpersonal ecology: The context, influence, meanings, and distinctiveness of the deep ecology approach to ecophilosophy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1988. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50623/.

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The distinguished Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess coined a distinction in 1972 between "shallow" and "deep" approaches to ecology and environmentalism. In the 1980s, this distinction - and particularly the ideas associated with "deep ecology," which constitutes the challenging or radical aspect of Naess's distinction - has come to exert a powerful influence upon academic ecophilosophical discussion. Moreover, the ideas associated with deep ecology have spread well beyond the confines of academic ecophilosophical discussion and have become a source of inspiration to - and, often, heated debate among - not only environmental activists but also ecologically oriented thinkers across a range of areas that includes ecological science, broad cultural analyses, sociology, and politics. This dissertation is devoted to the articulation, clarification, and development of the deep ecology approach to ecophilosophy. The dissertation is divided into four parts, which examine the context, influence, meanings, and distinctiveness of the deep ecology approach to ecophilosophy respectively. In Part I, I outline the context of the emergence of ecophilosophy and show the central role that the issue of anthropocentrism has played in the development of ecophilosophical thinking. In particular, I show that Naess's shallow/deep ecology distinction represents just one of a number of apparently similar distinctions that have been made between anthropocentric and nonanthropocentric approaches to ecology and environmentalism. In Part II, I show how influential deep ecology has become, both within academic ecophilosophical discussion and beyond, and consider the question other apparently comparable distinctions have exerted little or no influence upon ecophilosophical discussion. I argue that Naess's conception of deep ecology actually subsumes three related but analytically distinct meanings or fundamental ideas and that it is the distinctive nature (as an approach to ecophilosophy) of one of these meanings that has led to Naess's distinction drawing the advocacy that it has in ecophilosophical circles. In Part III, I outline the three senses of deep ecology that are to be found in Naess's work. These senses refer to (i) the general idea of a nonanthropocentric (or ecocentric) approach to ecology/living-in-the-world; (ii) the idea of deriving one's ecologically relevant views from fundamental assumptions, by which Naess means assumptions that are arrived at by a process of asking progressively deeper questions; and (hi) the idea of the this-worldly realization of as expansive a sense of self as possible in a world in which selves and thingsin- the-world are conceived as processes. I refer to these senses as Naess's "popular," "formal," and "philosophical" senses of deep ecology respectively. On the basis of this analysis, I show, on the one hand, that there is nothing distinctive about Naess's popular sense of deep ecology and, on the other hand, that Naess's formal sense of deep ecology is untenable. In Part IV, I proceed to show that it is Naess's philosophical sense of deep ecology that lies at the heart of what is tenable and distinctive about the deep ecology approach to ecophilosophy. I draw on recent developments in psychology in this context to suggest that it is more accurate and informative to refer to this distinctive, philosophical sense of deep ecology as "transpersonal ecology" rather than "deep ecology." (Naess makes it clear that the term "deep ecology" refers to what I have characterized as his formal sense of deep ecology.) In the Epilogue, I further elaborate the distinctive nature of the transpersonal ecology approach to ecophilosophy by discussing the specific kinds of identification that are implied by a transpersonal approach to ecology. The dissertation also contains two appendices. The first addresses recent controversies concerning deep ecology and is entitled "The Deep Ecology- Ecofeminism Debate and its Parallels: A Defence of Deep Ecology's Concern with Anthropocentrism." I point the reader to this appendix primarily in the context of my discussion of the influence of deep ecology in Chapter 2. The second appendix provides background information that is relevant to the argument that is developed in Part IV and is entitled "The Emergence of Transpersonal Psychology." I point the reader to this appendix in the context of my discussion of transpersonal ecology in Chapter 7.

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Durkin, Alanna G. "The ecology of deep-sea chemosynthetic habitats, from populations to metacommunities." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/488249.

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Biology
Ph.D.
Chemosynthetic ecosystems are habitats whose food webs rely on chemosynthesis, a process by which bacteria fix carbon using energy from chemicals, rather than sunlight-driven photosynthesis for primary production, and they are found all over the world on the ocean floor. Although these deep-sea habitats are remote, they are increasingly being impacted by human activities such as oil and gas exploration and the imminent threat of deep-sea mining. My dissertation examines deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems at several ecological scales to answer basic biology questions and lay a foundation for future researchers studying these habitats. There are two major varieties of chemosynthetic ecosystems, hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, and my dissertation studies both. My first chapter begins at cold seeps and at the population level by modeling the population dynamics and lifespan of a single species of tubeworm, Escarpia laminata, found in the Gulf of Mexico. I found that this tubeworm, a foundation species that forms biogenic habitat for other seep animals, can reach ages over 300 years old, making it one of the longest-lived animals known to science. According to longevity theory, its extreme lifespan is made possible by the stable seep environment and lack of extrinsic mortality threats such as predation. My second chapter expands the scope of my research from this single species to the entire cold seep community and surrounding deep-sea animals common to the Gulf of Mexico. The chemicals released at cold seeps are necessary for chemosynthesis but toxic to non-adapted species such as cold-water corals. Community studies in this area have previously shown that seeps shape community assembly through niche processes. Using fine-scale water chemistry samples and photographic mapping of the seafloor, I found that depressed dissolved oxygen levels and the presence of hydrogen sulfide from seepage affect foundation taxa distributions, but the concentrations of hydrocarbons released from these seeps did not predict the distributions of corals or seep species. In my third chapter I examine seep community assembly drivers in the Costa Rica Margin and compare the macrofaunal composition at the family level to both hydrothermal vents and methane seeps around the world. The Costa Rica seep communities have not previously been described, and I found that depth was the primary driver behind community composition in this region. Although this margin is also home to a hybrid “hydrothermal seep” feature, this localized habitat did not have any discernible influence on the community samples analyzed. When vent and seep communities worldwide were compared at the family-level, geographic region was the greatest determinant of community similarity, accounting for more variation than depth and habitat type. Hydrothermal vent and methane seeps are two chemosynthetic ecosystems are created through completely different geological processes, leading to extremely different habitat conditions and distinct sets of related species. However, at the broadest spatial scale and family-level taxonomic resolution, neutral processes and dispersal limitation are the primary drivers behind community structure, moreso than whether the habitat is a seep or a vent. At more local spatial scales, the abiotic environment of seeps still has a significant influence on the ecology of deep-sea organisms. The millennial scale persistence of seeps in the Gulf of Mexico shapes the life history of vestimentiferan tubeworms, and the sulfide and oxygen concentrations at those seeps determine seep and non-seep species’ distributions across the deep seafloor.
Temple University--Theses

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Davies, Gareth John. "Aspects of the biology and ecology of deep-sea Scaphopoda (Mollusca)." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1005.

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Galkiewicz, Julia Parker. "Microbial Ecology and Functional Genomics of Deep-Water Coral-Associated Microbes." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3111.

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Lophelia pertusa is a cosmopolitan cold-water coral, often found in aphotic waters (>200m). Aggregations of L. pertusa (reefs) provide important habitat to many invertebrate and fish species and act as biodiversity hotspots in the deep sea. The health and diversity of these reefs is of vital importance to deep-sea ecosystems, and the microbial consortia associated with L. pertusa form the most basic ecological level. Deciphering the diversity and function of these microbes provides insight into the roles they play in maintaining reef health. This dissertation takes microbiological techniques that are used in shallow-water coral microbial research and applies them to L. pertusa. A flaw in a primer set, which is commonly used in the molecular genetics method Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to obtain data on coral-associated microbes, is discussed and an alternative approach is presented. In addition, two culture-based studies are employed to catalogue diversity and explore functional differences in strains of both bacteria and fungi. The cultured bacteria were tested for resistance against six antibiotics that affect a variety of cellular targets to elucidate strain level differences. The first cultured fungi ever described from L. pertusa were identified by molecular techniques and assayed using Biolog plates to test their metabolic capabilities. Preliminary data analysis on metagenomic libraries of the microbial-size fraction of L. pertusa is presented and discussed in the context of microbial diversity and function, bridging the gap between culture-based work on function and culture-independent work on diversity.

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Cornelius, Nils. "Biodiversity and ecology of benthic foraminiferans from the Antarctic deep sea." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416476.

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Cangiano, Lorene. "Answering the Call of Deep Ecology: A Christian and Buddhist Response." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2010. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/114.

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Quattrini, Andrea. "GENETIC CONNECTIVITY OF OCTOCORALLIA ACROSS ABIOTIC GRADIENTS IN THE DEEP GULF OF MEXICO." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/275103.

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Biology
Ph.D.
Cold-water corals increase habitat heterogeneity and enhance biodiversity in deep waters worldwide. Despite the recognition of their importance in the deep sea, limited data exist on the ecology and evolution of deep-water corals. The overarching goal of this dissertation research was to integrate molecular, morphological, and ecological data to understand the degree to which populations are connected, species are distributed, and communities are assembled in the deep (250-2500 m) Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Specifically, several hypotheses were tested regarding the roles of environmental variables, particularly depth, influencing population and community structure. Combining phylogenetic and population genetic approaches with ecological data enabled species delimitations of many taxa while demonstrating that deep-water populations and communities diverge over short bathymetric distances. It appears that population isolation, congeneric species replacement and changes in community composition occur rapidly with depth, and these changes are likely due to a combination of both dispersal limitation and adaptive divergence with depth. Local self-recruitment may also be strong within any one site. Furthermore, results suggest that evolutionary history and neutral dynamics play a critical role in octocoral community assembly in the deep sea. This dissertation not only contributes a substantial amount of evolutionary and ecological information on a poorly studied group of foundation species in the deep sea, this research has broader implications for aiding in efforts to protect these long-lived, foundation species from anthropogenic disturbances.
Temple University--Theses

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Summit, Melanie. "Ecology, physiology, and phylogeny of subseafloor thermophiles from mid-ocean ridge environments /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11020.

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Newbury, Roberta Kay. "Behavioral ecology of the bobcat in a region with deep winter snows." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44664.

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The bobcat (Lynx rufus) is a native North American felid that is an economically valuable furbearer. This mesocarnivore is an important species in ecosystem structuring, exerting top-down control on rodent populations. Bobcats in northern latitudes face seasonal challenges such as deep snows, cold, and food scarcity. I used laboratory, modeling, and field methods to investigate bobcat ecology in a northern peripheral population where I evaluated, (1) winter diet, (2) modeled energetics and determined overwinter prey requirements, (3) determined home range size and habitat selection, and (4) determined seasonal movement distances and shape of movements in relation to habitat. Bobcats consumed 5 major prey groups: deer (Odocoileus spp.), snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), Cricetidae (rodents), and Tetraoninae (grouse). Squirrels accounted for 54% of biomass consumed, followed by Cricetidae (24.5%), hares (12.2%), deer (8.5%), and grouse (<1%). Bobcats in northwest Montana appeared to be dependent on squirrels and other rodents in the winter. I developed a strict, but realistic, winter energetics model for bobcats from field data on average movements, body mass, and observed diet of bobcats in northwest Montana. Bobcat daily energy expenditures were estimated at ~2.35×basal metabolic rate. This model predicted that over winter, a 10.5 kg bobcat would need ~5 kg of deer, 15 snowshoe hares, 338 red squirrels, 19 woodrats, and 547 small rodents. Male bobcat annual home ranges were 90.0 ± 12.0 km² and females were 42.2 km². Seasonal home ranges, within sex, did not differ significantly in size or relative habitat composition. Home range composition did differ from availability across the study site, with open habitats being chosen less and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) habitats been chosen more. Locations within the home range were found in most habitats according to availability. Male bobcats moved greater daily distances across seasons than did the female bobcat. Movement distances were significantly less in winter for both. Fractal dimension of movement pathways show male bobcats moved in a more linear fashion, while the female exhibited more convoluted movements across all seasons. Males and the female differed in habitats selected along movement paths, but varied little across seasons.

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Okazaki, Yusuke. "Ecology of bacterioplankton specific to the oxygenated hypolimnia of deep freshwater lakes." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232288.

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Wells, Merna. "Post-environmentalism, the deep ecology/ecofeminist debate, and Surfacing : rereading environmental theory." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18267.

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Includes bibliography.
I have taken my notion of 'Post-Environmentalism' from John Young's book of the same name which seemed to me to provide an eclectic and essentially deconstructive approach to the debate surrounding 'the environmentalist crisis'. As the term suggests, the debate is one subject to essentialist thinking which constitutes it as simple and singular. In particular I am interested in the ways in which that logic is one of specularity, forwarded by a scientific privileging of ocular epistemology. I therefore use the strategy of 'Post-Environmentalism' in so far as it provides a way of making use of the historical and political importance of all the discourses involved, in particular Deep-Ecology and Ecofeminism, without privileging one over another. However, I also point out ways in which this mapping project is subject to the same specular logic. In so far as Surfacing is a postmodernist text which constantly relativizes the discourses of, in particular but not exclusively, ecofeminism and science, it functions like 'Post-Environmentalism' to deconstruct the specific problems of each. In particular I look at the way in which the narrator uses metaphor to deconstruct rational masculinist thought and create the possibility of an empowering subject position for women, nature and fiction as a marginalized genre.

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McCliment, Elizabeth. "Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of microbial communities inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 217 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397900421&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Giannini, Claudia Teresa. "Cultivating hallowed ground the use of garden imagery as a contemporary symbol of the sacred /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=567.

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Thesis (M.F.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 22 p. : ill. (some col.) Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 15).

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Holden, James Francis. "Ecology, diversity, and temperature-pressure adaptation of the deep-sea hyperthermophilic Archaea Thermococcales /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11044.

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Campos-Creasey, Lucia de Siqueira. "A study of the feeding biology of deep-sea echinoids from the North Atlantic." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316314.

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Green, John. "Has ecocriticism gone off the deep end? Rethinking ecological formalism and social ecology." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12637.

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Ecocriticism, with its dual interests in the study of nature and the protection of the environment, seems as though it should be a discipline that flourishes in a liberal academy that is comfortable with theory. It is not. This project looks at the dominant ideology that structures much ecocritical writing, deep ecology, and it suggests that the seemingly radical environmental politics that it proposes are really articulations of traditional anti-theoretical conservatism. In the first chapter, I look at The Ecocriticism Reader (1996), as a watershed publication in the rise of the new discipline, a publication that, at its foundation, deploys deep ecology as a given, even attempting to bring it in line with theory. The following chapter employs varying techniques to show how deep ecology functions on ideological grounds that are flawed, criticism levied from philosophy and science; central to that chapter is a parallel that I draw between deep ecology as a type of ecological formalism and the literary formalism of the New Critics and the Russian Formalists. The final chapter suggests a new direction that ecocriticism can take after the dismissal of deep ecology; social ecology, unlike deep ecology, is not anathema to theory, and by rehabilitating culture from its position on the bottom of deep ecology’s hierarchy, social ecology can offer new ways to think about the discipline.

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Lane, Pauline. "The frontier is long : deep ecology as theory and practice; a sociological analysis." Thesis, University of Essex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261158.

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De, Angelis Marie Agatha. "Studies of microbial methane oxidation in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11040.

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Brooke, Sandra Dawn. "Reproductive ecology of a deep-water scleractinian coral, Oculina Vericosa from the South East Florida shelf." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249955.

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Hassack, E. "Aspects of biogeography, systematics and ecolomorphology of deep-sea Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Peracarida)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376146.

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Mitchell, Harriet Emma Victoria. "Devall and Sessions' discussion of nature : the role of romanticism in their deep ecology." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410372.

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This PhD looks at the way Devall and Sessions discuss nature in two of their books, Deep Ecology: living as ifnature mattered and Simple in Means Rich in Ends. This task is important for two reasons. First, nature is a core concept in environmental literature. Second, failure to clearly understand how writers use key concepts means their arguments are often misunderstood and misrepresented. Devall and Sessions were chosen because they are well known, if sometimes controversial, environmental writers; because they exemplify an important strand of environmental philosophy known as deep ecology; and because their work highlights the role nature plays in environmental thought generally. I will argue in this thesis that Devall and Sessions draw on certain ideas within romanticism and science to develop their claims about nature. Consequently, their deep ecology cannot be taken as a radical break with Western philosophy or attitudes towards nature. This thesis is distinctive because it dissects Devall and Sessions' work in a new way. This is because I evaluate their arguments by drawing upon romantic and scientific literature; and by locating their arguments within a specific cultural, national and historical framework. As a result one can clearly see how they have developed and legitimated their deep ecological prescriptions by drawing on values and perceptions already articulated in Western philosophy.

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Le, Goff-Vitry Marie-CeÌcile. "Molecular ecology of the deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa in the North East Atlantic." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398819.

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Quattrini, Andrea M. "Genetic connectivity of octocorallia across abiotic gradients in the deep Gulf of Mexico." Thesis, Temple University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3623237.

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Cold-water corals increase habitat heterogeneity and enhance biodiversity in deep waters worldwide. Despite the recognition of their importance in the deep sea, limited data exist on the ecology and evolution of deep-water corals. The overarching goal of this dissertation research was to integrate molecular, morphological, and ecological data to understand the degree to which populations are connected, species are distributed, and communities are assembled in the deep (250–2500 m) Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Specifically, several hypotheses were tested regarding the roles of environmental variables, particularly depth, influencing population and community structure. Combining phylogenetic and population genetic approaches with ecological data enabled species delimitations of many taxa while demonstrating that deep-water populations and communities diverge over short bathymetric distances. It appears that population isolation, congeneric species replacement and changes in community composition occur rapidly with depth, and these changes are likely due to a combination of both dispersal limitation and adaptive divergence with depth. Local self-recruitment may also be strong within any one site. Furthermore, results suggest that evolutionary history and neutral dynamics play a critical role in octocoral community assembly in the deep sea. This dissertation not only contributes a substantial amount of evolutionary and ecological information on a poorly studied group of foundation species in the deep sea, this research has broader implications for aiding in efforts to protect these long-lived, foundation species from anthropogenic disturbances.

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Groot, Damon. "A deep dive into the Prinia atrogularis complex : A tale of birds and taxonomy." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-435486.

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The taxonomy of the taxa in the Prinia atrogularis-khasiana-superciliaris complex has changed several times in recent history. To this day, different world bird lists classify this complex as 1–3 species. These classifications are based mainly on morphological comparisons of museum specimens. No study has analysed the songs and genetics of this complex. This thesis focuses on the integrative taxonomy of this complex by analysing and comparing their song and mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene. Seventeen different variables from in total 172 individual songs were measured and analysed. A linear discriminant analysis showed a clear separation in song between atrogularis, khasiana and the superciliaris group (latter including the taxa superciliaris, erythropleura, klossi, dysancrita and waterstradti). The mitochondrial cytb phylogenetic tree produced using Bayesian inference suggested that atrogularis and khasiana split from superciliaris around 4.9 million years ago (mya), with atrogularis and khasiana splitting from each other around 3.4 mya. Based on the combined results of the song and cytb analysis I propose to recognise three species: Black-throated Prinia Prinia atrogularis, Rufous-crowned Prinia P. khasiana and Hill Prinia P. superciliaris. The study also showed some support for classifying klossi as a separate species, but acquisition of additional information is needed to verify this.

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Szuman, Magdalena Katarzyna. "Forward seismic modelling and spectral decomposition of deepwater slope deposits in outcrop and subsurface." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=105419.

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This project aimed to constrain the interpretation uncertainties associated with reflection seismic data of deep-water slope deposits. The basic premise of the project is that seismic data is affected by small-scale architectural elements and even conventional low-frequency data may contain clues of the sub-seismic geometries. These can be decoded by understanding the interaction between internal elements and the seismic wavelet. A series of outcrop-derived forward seismic models was created, representing different types of outcrop based slope deposits. The seismic interpretation of the forward models was based on amplitude analysis supplemented by instantaneous attributes and spectral decomposition. In order to create realistic synthetic seismograms, input models included geometries whose thickness was as low as 1% of the resolution limit. By revealing the influence of small-scale structures on synthetic seismic data at the high end of the spectrum (70Hz to 100Hz), the knowledge of tuning effects and the interaction between interfering reflections at lower frequencies (i.e. 20, 40 and 60Hz) could potentially be significantly improved. The gained experience was then applied to real seismic data. It was proven that small-scale geometries have an additional, highly significant effect on the composite reflection. Because of the inherent non-uniqueness in seismic reflection, the specific seismic forward models of particular outcrop analogues can only be used as guides to the seismic interpretation of the particular architectural elements of a subsurface deposit and not as definite models against which one can definitely pattern match real and modelled seismic data. as burial depth increases, so does the non-uniqueness of the seismic interpretation of seismic data from deposits whose internal geometries are around/below the tuning thickness.

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Vardaro, Michael Fredric. "Temporal changes in gas hydrate mound topography and ecology: deep-sea time-lapse camera observations." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/541.

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A deep-sea time-lapse camera and several temperature probes were deployed on the Gulf of Mexico continental shelf at a biological community associated with a gas hydrate outcropping to study topographic and hydrologic changes over time. The deployment site, Bush Hill (GC 185), is located at 27°47.5' N and 91°15.0' W at depths of ~540m. The digital camera recorded one still image every six hours for three months in 2001, every two hours for the month of June 2002 and every six hours for the month of July 2002. Temperature probes were in place at the site for the entire experimental period. The data recovered provide a record of processes that occur at gas hydrate mounds. Biological activity was documented by identifying the fauna observed in the time-lapse record and recording the number of individuals and species in each image. 1,381 individual organisms representing 16 species were observed. Sediment resuspension and redistribution were regular occurrences during the deployment periods. By digitally analyzing the luminosity of the water column above the mound and plotting the results over time, the turbidity at the site was quantified. A significant diurnal pattern can be seen in both luminosity and temperature records, indicating a possible tidal or inertial component to deep-sea currents in this area. Contrary to expectations, there was no major change in shape or size of the gas hydrate outcrop at this site on the time frame of this study. This indicates that this particular mound was more stable than suggested by laboratory studies and prior in situ observations. The stable topography of the gas hydrate mound combined with high bacterial activity and sediment turnover appears to focus benthic predatory activity in the mound area. The frequency and recurrence of sediment resuspension indicates that short-term change in the depth and distribution of surface sediments is a feature of the benthos at the site. Because the sediment interface is a critical environment for hydrocarbon oxidation and chemosynthesis, short-term variability and heterogeneity may be important characteristics of these settings.

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Marangudakis, Manussos. "Emerging ideologies in the environmental movement : the N. American case of "deep" and "social ecology"." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61148.

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The Green Movement is assumed to introduce a new way to organize society, politics, economics, and technology in such a way that environmental damage will be minimized. This new approach has been called the "New Environmental Paradigm", denoting its holistic character, as much as its antithesis to the dominant "Western Paradigm". My investigation of North American environmental movement led me to conclude that the Green Movement is neither an ideologically nor a socially homogeneous movement. Instead, it consists of two distinct movements. The first one is "politics oriented", influenced by the New Left ideology. The second social movement, previously unnoticed by sociological literature, is "experience oriented", highly activist, influenced by Naturalist philosophies, and the one which really introduces a new societal paradigm.

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Shires, Rizpah. "The taxonomy, morphology and ecology of novel deep-sea agglutinated foraminifers in the Northeast Atlantic." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386542.

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Bird, Christopher Stephen. "The tropho-spatial ecology of deep-sea sharks and chimaeras from a stable isotope perspective." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416886/.

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Chondrichthyans (sharks, rays and chimaera) are one of the most speciose groups of higher order predators on the planet and are often cited as playing an important functional role in many ecosystems. However, most studies to date have focused on oceanic and shelf habitats, and there is limited information on the ecological role that chondrichthyans play in the deep-sea. This research aims to examine the trophic and spatial ecology of deep-sea chondrichthyans using stable isotope analysis. Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen vary among different trophic levels and between spatially separated areas, and therefore provide a potential tool for uncovering some ecological characteristics of deep-water chondrichthyans. In this study, I found that on a global scale, oceanic sharks appear to transfer nutrients over large spatial scales, whereas sharks found in shelf habitats couple ecologically varied food webs close to their capture location. Although global data is limited for deep-sea sharks, in the northeast Atlantic it appears that sharks found on seamounts are more tightly coupled to pelagic production than their counterparts on the continental slopes. Continental slope habitats may provide access to more isotopic niches, where sharks integrate nutrients from benthic and pelagic nutrient pathways. On the other hand, chimaeras appear to fill a unique role feeding on benthic prey items that are inaccessible to other fishes (e.g hard shelled benthic animals). Depth gradients in nutrient availability are reflected in the bathymetric distribution patterns of chondrichthyan families, with depth segregations likely reducing interspecific competition for resources. For some of the largest shark species in this ecosystem, such as Portuguese dogfish (Centroscymnus coelolepis) and leafscale gulper shark (Centrophorus squamosus), whole life-history ecology was recovered from sequential analysis of eye lens proteins. Both these species appear to undertake relatively consistent latitudinal migrations linked with ontogeny and reproductive development. This study reveals the ecological characteristic of diverse deep-sea chondrichthyan assemblages, and how trophic and spatial behaviours facilitate the transfer of nutrients in these ecosystems. Subsequently, chondrichthyans likely play an important role in deep-sea ecosystems and should be managed appropriately within fisheries.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Deep ecology'

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