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Journal articles on the topic 'Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Busch, Kathrin, Erik Wurz, Hans Tore Rapp, Kristina Bayer, Andre Franke, and Ute Hentschel. "Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages." Frontiers in Marine Sciences 7 (August 21, 2020): 674. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00674.

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ABSTRACT. Deep-sea sponge grounds are underexplored ecosystems that provide numerous goods and services to the functioning of the deep-sea. This study assessed the prokaryotic diversity in embryos, recruits, and adults of <em>Craniella zetlandica</em> and <em>Craniella infrequens</em>, common and abundant representatives of deep-sea sponge grounds in the North Atlantic. Our results reveal that symbiont transmission in the two <em>Craniella</em> sponge species likely occurs vertically, as highly similar microbial consortia have been identified in adults, embryos, and recruits. Moreover, transmi

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Bart, Martijn C., Benjamin Mueller, Titus Rombouts, et al. "Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is essential to balance the metabolicdemands of four dominant North-Atlantic deep-sea sponges." Limnology and Oceanography 9999 (December 7, 2020): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11652.

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ABSTRACT Sponges are ubiquitous components of various deep-sea habitats, including cold water coral reefs and deep-sea sponge grounds. Despite being surrounded by oligotrophic waters, these ecosystems are known to be hotspots of biodiversity and carbon cycling. To assess the role of sponges in the carbon cycling of deep-sea ecosystems, we studied the energy budgets of six dominant deep-sea sponges (the hexactinellid species <em>Vazella pourtalesi</em>, and demosponge species <em>Geodia barretti</em>, <em>Geodia atlantica</em>, <em>Craniella zetlandica</em>, <em>Hymedes

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3

Pham, CK, FJ Murillo, C. Lirette, et al. "Removal of deep-sea sponges by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: conservation, ecology and economic assessment." Scientific Reports 9 (November 1, 2019): 15843. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52250-1.

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ABSTRACT Deep-sea sponge grounds are vulnerable marine ecosystems, which through their benthic-pelagic coupling of nutrients, are of functional relevance to the deep-sea realm. The impact of fishing bycatch is here evaluated for the first time at a bathyal, sponge-dominated ecosystem in the high seas managed by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization. Sponge biomass surfaces created from research survey data using both random forest modeling and a gridded surface revealed 231,140 t of sponges in the area. About 65% of that biomass was protected by current fisheries closures. However, pro

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Ramiro-Sánchez, Berta, José Manuel González-Irusta, Lean-Anne Henry, et al. "Characterization and mapping of a deep-sea sponge ground on the Tropic Seamount (Northeast Tropical Atlantic): Implications for spatial management in the high seas." Frontiers in Marine Science 6 (May 31, 2019): 278. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00278.

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Ferromanganese crusts occurring on seamounts are a potential resource for rare earth elements that are critical for low-carbon technologies. Seamounts, however, host vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs), which means that spatial management is needed to address potential conflicts between mineral extraction and the conservation of deep-sea biodiversity. Exploration of the Tropic Seamount, located in an Area Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) in the subtropical North Atlantic, revealed large amounts of rare earth elements, as well as numerous VMEs, including high-density octocoral gardens, <em>S

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Sitjà, Cèlia, Manuel Maldonado, Carlos Farias, and José L. Rueda. "Export of bathyal benthos to the Atlantic through the Mediterranean outflow: Sponges from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz as a case study." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 163 (July 25, 2020): 103326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103326.

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ABSTRACT The Mediterranean is a semi-enclosed sea, with a narrow natural connection —the Strait of Gibraltar— through its western basin to the North Atlantic. Many studies have investigated how the inflow of North Atlantic Surface water into the Mediterranean shapes the faunal composition and abundance of the shallow-water benthic communities of the Western Mediterranean. However, the reverse effect remains little explored, that is, at what level the relatively deep (>200 m deep) outflow of Mediterranean water (MOW) exports bathyal Mediterranean benthos into the North Atlan

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Roberts, EM, DG Bowers, HK Meyer, A. Samuelsen, HT Rapp, and P. Cárdenas. "Water masses constrain the distribution of deep-sea sponges in the North Atlantic Ocean and Nordic Seas." Marine Ecology Progress Series 659 (February 4, 2021): 75–96. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13570.

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ABSTRACT Water masses are bodies of water with distinctive physical and biogeochemical properties. They impart vertical structure to the deep ocean, participate in circulation, and can be traced over great distances, potentially influencing the distributions of deep-sea fauna. The classic potential temperature-salinity (<em>θ</em>-<em>s</em>) diagram was used to investigate deep-sea sponge (demosponge genus <em>Geodia</em>) association with water masses over the North Atlantic Ocean and Nordic Seas. A novel analysis was conducted, based on sampling the curvature of climatological me

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Bart, Martijn C., Kluijver Anna de, Sean Hoetjes, et al. "Differential processing of dissolved and particulate organic matter by deep-sea sponges and their microbial symbionts." Scientific Reports 10 (October 15, 2020): 17515. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74670-0.

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ABSTRACT Deep-sea sponges create hotspots of biodiversity and biological activity in the otherwise barren deep-sea. However, it remains elusive how sponge hosts and their microbial symbionts acquire and process food in these food-limited environments. Therefore, we traced the processing (i.e. assimilation and respiration) of <sup>13</sup>C- and <sup>15</sup>N-enriched dissolved organic matter (DOM) and bacteria by three dominant North Atlantic deep-sea sponges: the high microbial abundance (HMA) demosponge <em>Geodia barretti</em>, the low microbial abundance (LMA) demosponge <em>Hymedesmia pa

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Rooks, Christine, James Kar-Hei Fang, Pål Tore Mørkved, et al. "Deep-sea sponge grounds as nutrient sinks: denitrification is common in boreo-Arctic sponges." Biogeosciences 17 (March 6, 2020): 1231–45. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1231-2020.

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ABSTRACT. Sponges are commonly known as general nutrient providers for the marine ecosystem, recycling organic matter into various forms of bioavailable nutrients such as ammonium and nitrate. In this study we challenge this view. We show that nutrient removal through microbial denitrification is a common feature in six cold-water sponge species from boreal and Arctic sponge grounds. Denitrification rates were quantified by incubating sponge tissue sections with <sub>15</sub>NO<sup>−3</sup> - amended oxygen-saturated seawater, mimicking conditions in pumping sponges, and de-oxygenated se

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Roberts, EM, F. Mienis, HT Rapp, U. Hanz, HK Meyer, and AJ Davies. "Oceanographic setting and short-timescale environmental variability at an Arctic seamount sponge ground." Deep-Sea Research Part I 138 (June 11, 2018): 98–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2018.06.007.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Mass occurrences of large sponges, or ‘sponge grounds’, are found globally in a range of oceanographic settings. Interest in these grounds is growing because of their ecological importance as hotspots of biodiversity, their role in biogeochemical cycling and bentho-pelagic coupling, the biotechnological potential of their constituent sponges, and their perceived vulnerability to physical disturbance and environmental change. Little is known about the environmental conditions required for sponges to persist and for grounds to form, and very few studies have

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Beazley, Lindsay, Ellen Kenchington, Francisco Javier Murillo, et al. "Climate change winner in the deep sea? Predicting the impacts of climate change on the distribution of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesii." Marine Ecology Progress Series 657 (January 7, 2021): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13566.

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ABSTRACT Shallow-water sponges are often cited as being ‘climate change winners’ due to their resiliency against climate change effects compared to other benthic taxa. However, little is known of the impacts of climate change on deep-water sponges. The deep-water glass sponge <em>Vazella pourtalesii</em> is distributed off eastern North America, forming dense sponge grounds with enhanced biodiversity on the Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia, Canada. While the strong natural environmental variability that characterizes these sponge grounds suggests this species is resilient to

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de, Kluijver Anna, Klaas GJ Nierop, Teresa M. Morganti, et al. "Bacterial precursors and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are biomarkers of North-Atlantic demosponges." Plos ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0241095. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241095.

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ABSTRACT Sponges produce distinct fatty acids (FAs) that (potentially) can be used as chemotaxonomic and ecological biomarkers to study endosymbiont-host interactions and the functional ecology of sponges. Here, we present FA profiles of five common habitat-building deep-sea sponges (class Demospongiae, order Tetractinellida), which are classified as high microbial abundance (HMA) species. <em>Geodia hentscheli</em>, <em>G. parva</em>, <em>G. atlantica</em>, <em>G. barretti,</em> and <em>Stelletta rhaphidiophora</em> were collected from boreal and Arctic spon

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Murillo, Francisco Javier, Ellen Kenchington, Gabrielle Tompkins, et al. "Sponge assemblages and predicted archetypes in the eastern Canadian Arctic." Marine Ecology Progress Series 597 (June 11, 2018): 115–35. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12589.

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Little information exists on the environmental requirements of sponges from the Canadian Arctic, increasing the necessity to establish baseline distribution data on sponge assemblages to predict their susceptibility to climate change. Here we describe the sponge taxa of Hudson Strait, Ungava Bay, Western Davis Strait and Western Baffin Bay collected by Canadian research vessel trawl surveys. A total of 2026 sponge specimens were examined, and 93 different taxa were identified with 79% identified to species, of which 2 are new to science, 1 recorded for the first time in the North Atlantic, 16

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de, Kluijver Anna, Martijn C. Bart, Oevelen Dick van, et al. "An Integrative Model of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in a Common Deep-Sea Sponge (Geodia barretti)." Frontiers in Marine Science 7 (January 18, 2021): 596251. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.596251.

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ABSTRACT Deep-sea sponges and their microbial symbionts transform various forms of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) <em>via</em> several metabolic pathways, which, for a large part, are poorly quantified. Previous flux studies on the common deep-sea sponge <em>Geodia barretti</em> consistently revealed net consumption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and net release of nitrate (NO<sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub>). Here we present a biogeochemical metabolic network model that, for the first time, quantifies C and N fluxes within the sponge holobiont in a

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Steinert, Georg, Kathrin Busch, Kristina Bayer, et al. "Compositional and Quantitative Insights Into Bacterial and Archaeal Communities of South Pacific Deep-Sea Sponges (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida)." Frontiers in Microbiology 11 (April 24, 2020): 716. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00716.

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ABSTRACT In the present study, we profiled bacterial and archaeal communities from 13 phylogenetically diverse deep-sea sponge species (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida) from the South Pacific by 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing. Additionally, the associated bacteria and archaea were quantified by real-time qPCR. Our results show that bacterial communities from the deep-sea sponges are mostly host-species specific similar to what has been observed for shallow-water demosponges. The archaeal deep-sea sponge community structures are different from the bacterial community structures in that they

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Hawkes, Nickolas, Michelle Korabik, Lindsay Beazley, Hans Tore Rapp, Joana R. Xavier, and Ellen Kenchington. "Glass sponge grounds on the Scotian Shelf and their associated biodiversity." Marine Ecology Progress Series 614 (April 4, 2019): 91–109. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12903.

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Emerald Basin on the Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia, Canada, is home to a globally unique population of the glass sponge <em>Vazella pourtalesi</em>. Through the analysis of both <em>in situ</em> photographs and trawl catch data from annual multispecies bottom-trawl surveys, we examined community composition, species density, and abundance of epibenthos and fish associated with <em>V. pourtalesi</em> compared to locations without this sponge. Using generalized linear models and analysis of similarities, the importance of <em>V. pourtalesi</em> in enhancing species density and abundance of the a

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Hestetun, Jon Thomassen, Gabrielle Tompkins-Macdonald, and Hans Tore Rapp. "A review of carnivorous sponges (Porifera: Cladorhizidae) from the Boreal North Atlantic and Arctic." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181, no. 1 (2017): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw022.

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Family Cladorhizidae, comprising the carnivorous sponges, represents a unique innovation within the phylum Porifera. Rather than filter feeding, carnivorous sponges have developed the ability to passively capture small invertebrates such as crustaceans using filaments or other appendages, coupled with an adhesive surface and the ability of sponge cells to migrate to and envelop prey items. Cladorhizids are most commonly deep-sea species and are found worldwide, with around 150 species currently described. The boreal Atlantic and neighbouring Arctic areas have a species-rich cladorhizid fauna,

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Ríos, Pilar, Elena Prado, Francisca C. Carvalho, et al. "Community composition and habitat characterization of a rock sponge aggregation (Porifera, Corallistidae) in the Cantabrian Sea." Frontiers in Marine Science 7 (July 28, 2020): 578. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00578.

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ABSTRACT. Deep-sea sponge-dominated communities are complex habitats considered hotspots of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. They are classified as Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem and are listed as threatened or declining as a result of anthropogenic activities. Yet, studies into the distribution, community structure and composition of these habitats are scarce, hampering the development of appropriate management measures to ensure their conservation. In this study we describe a diverse benthic community, dominated by a lithistid sponge, found in two geomorphological features of important c

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Pham, CK, FJ Murillo, C. Lirette, et al. "Author Correction: Removal of deep-sea sponges by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: conservation, ecology and economic assessment." Scientific Reports 10 (March 12, 2020): 4879. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60908-4.

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Correction to: <em>Scientific Reports</em> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52250-1, published online 01 Novenber 2019 The original version of this Article contained errors in the Abstract. “Sponge biomass surfaces created from research survey data using both random forest modeling and a gridded surface revealed 231,140 t of sponges in the area. About 65% of that biomass was protected by current fisheries closures.” now reads: “Sponge biomass surface created from research survey data using random forest modeling revealed 231,136 t of sponges in the area. About 42%

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Hestetun, Jon T., Håkon Dahle, Steffen L. Jørgensen, Bernt R. Olsen, and Hans T. Rapp. "The Microbiome and Occurrence of Methanotrophy in Carnivorous Sponges." Frontiers in Microbiology 7 (November 9, 2016): 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01781.

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As shown by recent studies, filter-feeding sponges are known to host a wide variety of microorganisms. However, the microbial community of the non-filtering carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) has been the subject of less scrutiny. Here, we present the results from a comparative study of the methanotrophic carnivorous sponge <em>Cladorhiza methanophila</em> from a mud volcano-rich area at the Barbados Accretionary Prism, and five carnivorous species from the Jan Mayen Vent Field (JMVF) at the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge. Results from 16S rRNA microbiome data indicate the presence of a div

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Dudik, Olesia, Isabel Lenor, Joana R. Xavier, et al. "Sponge-derived silica for tissue regeneration - Bioceramics of deep-sea sponge." Materials Today 21, no. 5 (2018): 577–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2018.03.025.

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Morato, Telmo, Christopher K. Pham, Carlos Pinto, et al. "A Multi Criteria Assessment Method for Identifying Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems in the North-East Atlantic." Frontiers in Marine Science 5 (December 13, 2018): 460. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00460.

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In international fisheries management, scientific advice on the presence of “vulnerable marine ecosystems” (VMEs) per United Nations resolutions, has generally used qualitative assessments based on expert judgment of the occurrence of indicator taxa such as cold-water corals and sponges. Use of expert judgment alone can be criticized for inconsistency and sometimes a lack of transparency; therefore, development of robust and repeatable numeric methods to detect the presence of VMEs would be advantageous. Here, we present a multi-criteria assessment (MCA) method to evaluate how like

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Steinert, Georg, Bernd Wemheuer, Dorte Janussen, et al. "Prokaryotic Diversity and Community Patterns in Antarctic Continental Shelf Sponges." Frontiers in Marine Science 6 (June 5, 2019): 297. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00297.

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ABSTRACT Marine sponges (Phylum Porifera) are globally distributed within marine and freshwater ecosystems. In addition, sponges host dense and diverse prokaryotic communities, which are potential sources of novel bioactive metabolites and other complex compounds. Those sponge-derived natural products can span a broad spectrum of bioactivities, from antibacterial and antifungal to antitumor and antiviral compounds. However, most analyses concerning sponge-associated prokaryotes have mainly focused on conveniently accessible relatively shallow sampling locations for sponges. Hence, knowledge of

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Morrison, Katelin M., Heidi Kristina Meyer, Emyr Martyn Roberts, Hans Tore Rapp, Ana Colaço, and Christopher Kim Pham. "The First Cut Is the Deepest: Trawl Effects on a Deep-Sea Sponge Ground Are Pronounced Four Years on." Frontiers in Marine Science 7 (December 23, 2020): 605281. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.605281.

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ABSTRACT Few studies have described the effects of physical disturbance and post-recovery of deep-sea benthic communities. Here, we explore the status of deep-sea sponge ground communities four years after being impacted by an experimental bottom trawl. The diversity and abundance of epibenthic megafauna of two distinct benthic communities in disturbed versus control areas were surveyed using a remotely operated vehicle on the Schulz Bank, Arctic Ocean. Four years after disturbance, megafaunal densities of the shallow (&sim;600 m depth) and deep (&sim;1,400 m depth) sites were significantly lo

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Cassarino, Luca, Christopher D. Coath, Joana R. Xavier, and Katharine R. Hendry. "Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure." Biogeosciences 15 (November 21, 2018): 6959–77. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018.

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The silicon isotopic composition (δ<sup>30</sup>Si) of deep sea sponges’ skeletal element – spicules – reflects the silicic acid (DSi) concentration of their surrounding water and can be used as natural archives of bottom water nutrients. In order to reconstruct the past silica cycle robustly, it is essential to better constrain the mechanisms of biosilicification, which are not yet well understood. Here, we show that the apparent isotopic fractionation (δ<sup>30</sup>Si) during spicule formation in deep sea sponges from the equatorial Atlantic ranges from −

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Díez-Vives, Cristina, Sergi Taboada, Carlos Leiva, Kathrin Busch, Ute Hentschel, and Ana Riesgo. "On the way to specificity - Microbiome reflects sponge genetic cluster primarily in highly structured populations." Molecular Ecology 29, no. 22 (2020): 4412–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15635.

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ABSTRACT Most animals, including sponges (Porifera), have species‐specific microbiomes. Which genetic or environmental factors play major roles structuring the microbial community at the intraspecific level in sponges is, however, largely unknown. In this study, we tested whether geographic location or genetic structure of conspecific sponges influences their microbial assembly. For that, we used three sponge species with different rates of gene flow, and collected samples along their entire distribution range (two from the Mediterranean and one from the Southern Ocean) yielding a total of 393

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Díaz, Julio A., Francesc Ordines, Enric Massutí, and Paco Cárdenas. "From caves to seamounts: the hidden diversity of tetractinellid sponges from the Balearic Islands, with the description of eight new species." PeerJ 12 (March 4, 2024): e16584. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16584.

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The sponge fauna of the Western Mediterranean stands as one of the most studied in the world. Yet sampling new habitats and a poorly studied region like the Balearic Islands highlights once again our limited knowledge of this group of animals. This work focused on demosponges of the order Tetractinellida collected in several research surveys (2016–2021) on a variety of ecosystems of the Balearic Islands, including shallow caves, seamounts and trawl fishing grounds, in a broad depth range (0–725 m). Tetractinellid material from the North Atlantic and more than twenty type specimens were also ex

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Beazley, Lindsay, Zeliang Wang, Ellen Kenchington, et al. "Predicted distribution of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesi on the Scotian Shelf and its persistence in the face of climatic variability." PLoS ONE 13, no. 10 (2018): e0205505. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0205505.

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Emerald Basin on the Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia, Canada, is home to a globally unique aggregation of the glass sponge <em>Vazella pourtalesi</em>, first documented in the region in 1889. In 2009, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) implemented two Sponge Conservation Areas to protect these sponge grounds from bottom fishing activities. Together, the two conservation areas encompass 259 km<sup>2</sup>. In order to ascertain the degree to which the sponge grounds remain unprotected, we modelled the presence probability and predicted range distribution of <em>V. pourtalesi</em> on the Scotian Sh

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Bayer, Kristina, Martin T. Jahn, Beate M. Slaby, Lucas Moitinho-Silva, and Ute Hentschel. "Marine Sponges as Chloroflexi Hot Spots: Genomic Insights and High-Resolution Visualization of an Abundant and Diverse Symbiotic Clade." mSystems 3 (December 26, 2018): 00150–18. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00150-18.

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<strong>ABSTRACT </strong>Members of the widespread bacterial phylum <em>Chloroflexi </em>can dominate high-microbial-abundance (HMA) sponge microbiomes. In the Sponge Microbiome Project, <em>Chloroflexi </em>sequences amounted to 20 to 30% of the total microbiome of certain HMA sponge genera with the classes/clades SAR202, <em>Caldilineae</em>, and <em>An- aerolineae </em>being the most prominent. We performed metagenomic and single- cell genomic analyses to elucidate the functional gene repertoire of <em>Chloroflexi </em>symbionts of <em>Aplysina aerophoba</em>. Eighteen draft genomes were r

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López-Acosta, María, Aude Leynaert, Valérie Coquille, and Manuel Maldonado. "Silicon utilization by sponges: an assessment of seasonal changes." Marine Ecology Progress Series 605 (October 26, 2018): 111–23. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12752.

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Awareness that sponges are relevant silicic acid (DSi) users is growing; however, understanding how their DSi consumption kinetics perform is still limited. We investigated the effects that seasonal changes in a temperate ecosystem (Bay of Brest, France) have on the DSi consumption of 2 dominant sponge species: <em>Hymeniacidon perlevis</em> and <em>Tethya citrina</em>. The results indicated that while both species increased their rate of DSi utilization with DSi availability following saturable Michaelis-Menten kinetics, only the kinetics of <em>T. citrina</em> shifted seasonally. This specie

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López-Acosta, Maria, Aude Leynaert, Jacques Grall, and Manuel Maldonado. "Silicon consumption kinetics by marine sponges: An assessment of their role at the ecosystem level." Limnology and Oceanography 63, no. 6 (2018): 2508–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10956.

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The silicic acid (DSi) is a dissolved nutrient used by diverse marine organisms to build their skeletons of biogenic silica (BSi). This consumption, mostly due to diatoms, largely determines the availability of DSi in the photic ocean. Yet growing evidence suggests that Si consumers traditionally disregarded, such as the siliceous sponges, may also play a role. This study investigated the kinetics of DSi utilization by two demosponges as a function of both DSi availability and duration of the incubation period (24 h vs. 48 h). Consumption increased with increasing DSi availability following a

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Busch, Kathrin, Ulrike Hanz, Furu Mienis, et al. "On giant shoulders: how a seamount affects the microbial community composition of seawater and sponges." Biogeosciences 17 (July 8, 2020): 3471–86. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3471-2020.

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ABSTRACT. Seamounts represent ideal systems to study the influence and interdependency of environmental gradients at a single geographic location. These topographic features represent a prominent habitat for various forms of life, including microbiota and macrobiota, spanning benthic as well as pelagic organisms. While it is known that seamounts are globally abundant structures, it still remains unclear how and to which extent the complexity of the sea floor is intertwined with the local oceanographic mosaic, biogeochemistry, and microbiology of a seamount ecosystem. Along these lines, the pre

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van, Haren Hans, Ulrike Hanz, Stigter Henko de, Furu Mienis, and Gerard Duineveld. "Internal wave turbulence at a biologically rich Mid-Atlantic seamount." PLoS ONE 12, no. 12 (2017): e0189720. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189720.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The turbulence regime near the crest of a biologically rich seamount of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge southwest of the Azores was registered in high spatial and temporal resolution. Internal tides and their higher harmonics dominate the internal wave motions, producing considerable shear-induced turbulent mixing in layers of 10–50 m thickness. This interior mixing of about 100 times open-ocean interior values is observed both at a high-resolution temperature sensor mooring-site at the crest, 770 m water depth being nearly 400 m below the top of the seamount, and a CTD-

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Carvalho, Francisca C., Paco Cárdenas, Pilar Ríos, Javier Cristobo, Hans Tore Rapp, and Joana R. Xavier. "Rock sponges (lithistid Demospongiae) of the Northeast Atlantic seamounts, with description of ten new species." PeerJ 8 (April 7, 2020): e8703. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8703.

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ABSTRACT Background: Lithistid demosponges, also known as rock sponges, are a polyphyletic group of sponges which are widely distributed. In the Northeast Atlantic (NEA), 17 species are known and the current knowledge on their distribution is mainly restricted to the Macaronesian islands. In the Mediterranean Sea, 14 species are recorded and generally found in marine caves. Methods: Lithistids were sampled in nine NEA seamounts during the scientific expeditions Seamount 1 (1987) and Seamount 2 (1993) organized by the MNHN of Paris. Collected specimens were identified through the analyses of ex

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Somoza, Luis, Teresa Medialdea, Francisco J. González, et al. "Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruise to the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Azores Archipelago." Frontiers in Marine Science 7 (November 4, 2020): 893. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.568035.

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ABSTRACT This work presents the preliminary result of the multidisciplinary cruise EXPLOSEA2 surveying the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Azores Archipelago from 46<sup>◦</sup> 30′ N to 38<sup>◦</sup> 30′ N aboard the R/V <em>Sarmiento de Gamboa</em> and ROV Luso over 54 days (June 11 to July 27, 2019). In this cruise report, we detail the geophysical, hydrographic, geological, oceanographic, ecological, and microbiological data acquired and a brief of main findings. The cruise addressed the exploration and comprehensive characterization of

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Georgieva, Magdalena N., Sergi Taboada, Ana Riesgo, et al. "Evidence of Vent-Adaptation in Sponges Living at the Periphery of Hydrothermal Vent Environments: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications." Frontiers in Microbiology 11 (July 24, 2020): 1636. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01636.

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ABSTRACT The peripheral areas of deep-sea hydrothermal vents are often inhabited by an assemblage of animals distinct to those living close to vent chimneys. For many such taxa, it is considered that peak abundances in the vent periphery relate to the availability of hard substrate as well as the increased concentrations of organic matter generated at vents, compared to background areas. However, the peripheries of vents are less well-studied than the assemblages of vent-endemic taxa, and the mechanisms through which peripheral fauna may benefit from vent environments are generally unknown. Un

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Wang, S., Ellen Kenchington, Z. Wang, I. Yashayaev, and AJ Davies. "3-D ocean particle tracking modeling reveals extensive vertical movement and downstream interdependence of closed areas in the northwest Atlantic." Scientific Reports 10 (December 8, 2020): 21421. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76617-x.

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ABSTRACT Novel 3-D passive particle tracking experiments were performed in the northwest Atlantic to elucidate connectivity among areas closed to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems. We examined (1) the degree of vertical movement of particles released at different depths and locations; (2) the location of potential source populations for the deep-sea taxa protected by the closures; and (3) the degree of functional connectivity. A long-term oceanographic dataset (EN4) was queried to characterize the temperature and salinity regimes in each of the closed areas as a basis for interpreting recen

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van, Oevelen Dick, Christina E. Mueller, Tomas Lundälv, Duyl Fleur C. van, Goeij Jasper M. de, and Jack J. Middelburg. "Niche overlap between a cold-water coral and an associated sponge for isotopically- enriched particulate food sources." PLoS ONE 13, no. 3 (2018): e0194659. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194659.

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The cold-water coral <em>Lophelia pertusa</em> is an ecosystem engineer that builds reef structures on the seafloor. The interaction of the reef topography with hydrodynamics is known to enhance the supply of suspended food sources to the reef communities. However, the reef framework is also a substrate for other organisms that may compete for the very same suspended food sources. Here, we used the passive suspension feeder <em>Lophelia pertusa</em> and the active suspension feeding sponge <em>Hymedesmia coriacea</em> as model organisms to study niche overlap using isotopically-enriched algae

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Bayer, Kristina, Kathrin Busch, Ellen Kenchington, et al. "Microbial strategies for survival in the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesii." mSystems 5 (August 11, 2020): e00473-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00473-20.

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ABSTRACT. Few studies have explored the microbiomes of glass sponges (Hexactinellida). The present study seeks to elucidate the composition of the microbiota associated with the glass sponge <em>Vazella pourtalesii </em>and the functional strategies of the main symbionts. We combined microscopic approaches with metagenome-guided microbial genome reconstruction and amplicon community profiling toward this goal. Microscopic imaging revealed that the host and microbial cells appeared within dense biomass patches that are presumably syncytial tissue aggregates. Based on abundances in amplicon libr

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Conkling, Megan, Kylie Hesp, Stephanie Munroe, et al. "Breakthrough in marine invertebrate cell culture: Sponge cells divide rapidly in improved nutrient medium." Scientific Reports 9 (November 21, 2019): 17321. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53643-y.

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ABSTRACT. Sponges (phylum porifera) are among the oldest Metazoa and considered critical to understanding animal evolution and development. They are also the most prolific source of marine-derived chemicals with pharmaceutical relevance. Cell lines are important tools for research in many disciplines, and have been established for many organisms, including freshwater and terrestrial invertebrates. Despite many efforts over multiple decades, there are still no cell lines for marine invertebrates. In this study, we report a breakthrough: we demonstrate that an amino acid-optimized nutrient mediu

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López-Acosta, María, Aude Leynaert, Laurent Chavaud, et al. "In situ determination of Si, N, and P utilization by the demosponge Tethya citrina: A benthic-chamber approach." PLoS ONE 14, no. 7 (2020): e0218787. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218787.

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ABSTRACT Sponges consume dissolved silicon (DSi) to build their skeletons. Few studies have attempted to quantify DSi utilization by these organisms and all available determinations come from laboratory measurements. Here we measured DSi consumption rates of the sponge <em>Tethya citrina</em> in its natural habitat, conducting 24h incubations in benthic chambers. Sponges consumed DSi at an average rate of 0.046 ± 0.018 μmol h<sup>-1</sup> mL<sup>-1</sup> when DSi avail- ability in its habitat was 8.3 ± 1.8 μM. Such DSi consu

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Maldonado, Manuel, M. López-Acosta, L. Beazley, Ellen Kenchington, Vasiliki Koutsouveli, and Ana Riesgo. "Cooperation between passive and active silicon transporters clarifies the ecophysiology and evolution of biosilicification in sponges." Sciences Advances 6, no. 28 (2020): eaba9322. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba9322.

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ABSTRACT The biological utilization of dissolved silicon (DSi) influences ocean ecology and biogeochemistry. In the deep sea, hexactinellid sponges are major DSi consumers that remain poorly understood. Their DSi consumption departs from the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of shallow-water demosponges and appears particularly maladapted to incorporating DSi from the modest concentrations typical of the modern ocean. Why did sponges not adapt to the shrinking DSi availability that followed diatom expansion some 100 to 65 million years ago? We propose that sponges incorporate DSi combining passive (aq

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Beazley, Lindsay I., Ellen L. Kenchington, Francisco Javier Murillo, and María del Mar Sacau. "Deep-sea sponge grounds enhance diversity and abundance of epibenthic megafauna in the Northwest Atlantic." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 7 (2013): 1471–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst124.

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AbstractBeazley, L. I., Kenchington E. L., Murillo, F. J., and Sacau, M. 2013. Deep-sea sponge grounds enhance diversity and abundance of epibenthic megafauna in the Northwest Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: . The influence of structure-forming deep-water sponge grounds on the composition, diversity, and abundance of the local epibenthic megafaunal community of the Flemish Pass area, Northwest Atlantic was statistically assessed. These habitats are considered vulnerable marine ecosystems and, therefore, warrant conservation measures to protect them from bottom fishing activitie

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Pubill-Ulldemolins, Cristina, Sunil V. Sharma, Christopher Cartmell, Jinlian Zhao, Paco Cárdenas, and Rebecca JM Goss. "Heck diversification of indole-based substrates under aqueous conditions: From indoles to unprotected halo-tryptophans and halo-tryptophans in natural product derivatives." Chemistry - A European Journal 25 (August 14, 2019): 10866–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201901327.

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The blending of synthetic chemistry with biosynthetic processes provides a powerful approach to synthesis. Biosynthetic halogenation and synthetic cross-coupling have great potential to be used together, for small molecule generation, access to natural product analogues and as a tool for chemical biology. However, to enable enhanced generality of this approach, further synthetic tools are needed. Though considerable research has been invested in the diversification of phenylalanine and tyrosine, functionalisation of tryptophans thorough cross-coupling has been largely neglected. Tryptophan is

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Hendry, Katharine R., Lucie Cassarino, Stephanie L. Bates, et al. "Silicon isotopic systematics of deep-sea sponge grounds in the North Atlantic." Quaternary Science Reviews 210 (April 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.02.017.

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Karimi, Elham, Tina Keller-Costa, Beate M. Slaby, et al. "Genomic blueprints of sponge- prokaryote symbiosis are shared by low abundant and cultivatable Alphaproteobacteria." Scientific Reports 9 (February 13, 2019): 1999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38737-x.

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ABSTRACT Marine sponges are early-branching, filter-feeding metazoans that usually host complex microbiomes comprised of several, currently uncultivatable symbiotic lineages. Here, we use a low-carbon based strategy to cultivate low-abundance bacteria from <em>Spongia officinalis</em>. This approach favoured the growth of <em>Alphaproteobacteria</em> strains in the genera <em>Anderseniella, Erythrobacter, Labrenzia, Loktanella, Ruegeria, Sphingorhabdus, Tateyamaria</em> and <em>Pseudovibrio</em>, besides two likely new genera in&

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Adl, Sina M., David Bass, Christopher E. Lane, et al. "Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66 (September 26, 2018): 4–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691.

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This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known fro

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van, Haren Hans, Gerars Duineveld, and Furu Mienis. "Internal Wave Observations Off Saba Bank." Frontiers in Marine Science, no. 5 (January 10, 2019): 528. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00528.

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The deep sloping sides of Saba Bank, the largest submarine atoll in the Atlantic Ocean, show quite different internal wave characteristics. To measure these characteristics, two 350 m long arrays consisting of primary a high-resolution temperature T-sensor string and secondary an acoustic Doppler current profiler were moored around 500 m water depth at the northern and southern flanks of Saba Bank for 23 days. We observed that the surrounding density stratified waters supported large internal tides and episodically large turbulent exchange in up to 50 m tall overturns. However, an inertial sub

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PERIASAMY, RENGAIYAN, PACO CÁRDENAS, PALAYIL JOHN KURIAN, BABAN INGOLE, and TOUFIEK SAMAAI. "Is the North Atlantic Geodia barretti (Porifera, Tetractinellida, Geodiidae) present on the Southwest Indian Ridge?" Zootaxa 5380, no. 5 (2023): 461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5380.5.3.

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There are currently 163 species of Geodia Lamarck, 1815 described worldwide, many of which are found in deep waters, but none of which have been recorded from the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). Spicule morphology and barcodes (Folmer COI, 28S (C2–D2), partial 18S) suggest that a specimen of Geodia collected on the SWIR at a depth of 2236 m is closely comparable to Geodia barretti Bowerbank, 1858. Geodia barretti is the most studied and thus well-known deep-sea Geodia species, due to its wide North Atlantic distribution and key role in boreal sponge grounds. This unexpected and markedly disjunc

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Koutsouveli, Vasiliki, Sergi Taboada, Juan Moles, et al. "Insights into the reproduction of some Antarctic dendroceratid, poecilosclerid, and haplosclerid demosponges." PLoS ONE 13, no. 2 (2018): e0192267. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192267.

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Sponges are a dominant element of the Antarctic benthic communities, posing both high species richness and large population densities. Despite their importance in Antarctic ecosystems, very little is known about their reproductive patterns and strategies. In our study, we surveyed the tissue of six different species for reproductive elements, namely, <em>Dendrilla antarctica</em> Topsent, 1905 (order Dendroceratida), <em>Phorbas areolatus</em> (Thiele, 1905), <em>Kirkpatrickia variolosa</em> (Kirkpatrick, 1907), and <em>Isodictya kerguelenensis</em> (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (order Poeciloscl

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Meyer, Heidi K., Emyr M. Roberts, Furu Mienis, and Hans Tore Rapp. "Drivers of Megabenthic Community Structure in One of the World's Deepest Silled-Fjords, Sognefjord (Western Norway)." Front Mar Sci 7 (June 9, 2020): 393. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00393.

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ABSTRACT. The Sognefjord is the longest (205 km) and deepest (1308 m) fjord in Norway, and the second-longest in the world. Coast-fjord exchange in Sognefjord is limited by a seaward sill at 170 m water depth, which causes a clear stratification between water masses as the dense oxygen-poor basin water mixes slowly with the well-oxygenated water directly above from the coastal ocean. Due to the homogeneity and limited variability in the deep-water, the deep slopes of Sognefjord represent the ideal setting to study how abiotic factors influence the deep-water benthic community structure. During

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