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1
Bunt, Harry C. Trends in Parsing Technology: Dependency Parsing, Domain Adaptation, and Deep Parsing. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.
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2
Marieluise, Fleisser. Marieluise Fleisser's 'The deep sea fish': A translation and critical examination. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1997.
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Deep things out of darkness: The book of Job : essays and a new English translation. Kampen, Netherlands: Pharos, 1995.
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Haroutyunian, Sona, and Dario Miccoli. Orienti migranti: tra letteratura e traduzione. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-499-8.
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The book series, edited by Nicoletta Pesaro and sponsored by the Department of Asian and North African Studies, aims to give voice to a time-honoured branch of theoretical and practical research across the disciplines and research domains within the Department. The series aims to establish a platform for scholarly discussion and a space for international dialogue on the translation of Asian and North African languages. In doing so, the project aims to observe and verify the translingual and transcultural dynamics triggered by translation from and into said ‘languages-cultures’, as well as to identify and explore the deep cultural mechanisms and structures involved in interethnic behaviours and relationships. Translation is also a major research tool in the humanities. As a matter of fact, a hermeneutic potential in terms of cultural mediation is inherent in translation activities and in the reflection on translation: it is precisely this potential that allows scholars, in both their research and dissemination work, to bring to the surface the interethnic and intercultural dynamics regulating the relationships between civilisations, both diachronically and synchronically. The project is a continuation and a development of the research carried out in recent years by the former Department of East Asian Studies – now Department of Asian and North African Studies – of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice through a series of initiatives organised by the research group on the translation of Asian languages “Laboratorio sulla Traduzione delle Lingue orientali” (Laboratori sulle lingue orientali). Such activities involved periodical meetings on translation, whose objective was to introduce and discuss specific issues in translation from and into Asian languages, as well as several international events (workshops, conferences, and symposia).
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Favaro, Alice. Después de la caída del ‘ángel’. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-416-5.
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Ángel Bonomini was born in Buenos Aires in 1929 where he lived until his death at the age of sixty-four in 1994. He worked for various newspapers and magazines as an art critic and translator, but always maintaining his literary activity. He inherited the tradition of the Argentine fantastic and was a prolific writer: his production includes essays, poems and fantastic tales.Although he lived in a period of great cultural splendor and his literary talent was recognised by authors such as Borges and Bioy Casares, he fell into an unexplained oblivion, disappearing quite early from the contemporary intellectual environment. His first poems, which date back to the 1950s, were published in Sur magazine and some of his tales were included in well-known anthologies of fantastic literature.Among his collections of poems there are: Primera enunciación (1947), Argumento del enamorado. Baladas con Ángel (1952) written with María Elena Walsh, Torres para el silencio (1982) and Poética (1994). In 1972 he achieved great success with the publication of his first collection of fantastic tales, Los novicios de Lerna, followed by the publication of other books: Libro de los casos (1975), Los lentos elefantes de Milán (1978), Cuentos de amor (1982), Historias secretas (1985) and Más allá del puente (1996), posthumously published.A particular use of the fantastic characterises his work and distinguishes him from his contemporary authors. In his tales there is a continuous contrast between metaphysics and existentialism; in this way, he makes a deep investigation of the reality and, at the same time, he tries to go beyond it.This volume aims to analyse some emblematic tales by Bonomini in which it is possible to find the main topoi of Argentine fantastic and to understand why the author’s literary work is worth studying.
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Tyndale. Drink Deeply Bible: New Living Translation, Red Plastic Case (Bible Nlt). Tyndale House Publishers, 2007.
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Smith, Valerie Rae. Marieluise Fleisser's The deep sea fish: A translation and critical examination. 1996.
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Tyndale. Drink Deeply Bible: New Living Translation, Blue Goldfish Plastic Case (Bible Nlt). Tyndale House Publishers, 2007.
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Tyndale. Drink Deeply Bible: New Living Translation, Orange Waves Plastic Case (Bible Nlt). Tyndale House Publishers, 2007.
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Shanmugamani, Rajalingappaa, Luca Massaron, Alberto Boschetti, Alexey Grigorev, and Abhishek Thakur. TensorFlow Deep Learning Projects: 10 real-world projects on computer vision, machine translation, chatbots, and reinforcement learning. Packt Publishing, 2018.
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Baka, Anna Irene, and Qi Fei. Lost in Translation in the Sino-French War in Vietnam. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199670055.003.0018.
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This chapter deals with the Sino-French War of 1883–85 in Tonkin, an area in modern Vietnam that was colonized by the French, with an eye to shedding light as to how cultural and semantic factors interfered with the way the French and Chinese administrations perceived, interpreted, and reacted to the diplomatic and military events that led to the Sino-French war. It suggests that there was a deep communication chasm between the French and Chinese administrations and profound differences in their respective philosophies. There was diplomatic doubletalk, which was further accentuated by the ideological incoherence of the French administration and the atypical organization and functioning of the Qing Empire and particularly the Tsungli Yamen, which was basically the Chinese Foreign Ministry. The ultimate question is how the proactive, amoral Western concept of international legal order could ever coexist peacefully with the Chinese traditional ideas of justice, reasonableness, and Confucian passivity.
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Nelson, Stephanie. Hesiod, Virgil, and the Georgic Tradition. Edited by Alexander C. Loney and Stephen Scully. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190209032.013.46.
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Hesiod’s Works and Days had its greatest influence on English poetry through the Georgics. While Hesiod’s early translators into English—Chapman in 1618, Cooke in 1728, and Elton in 1815—were primarily interested in Hesiod as a theological and moral thinker, it was Virgil’s focus on an essentially problematic relation of the human and nature, as seen in the role of labor and the relation of farming to war and politics, that persisted in the English georgic tradition. Virgil established his vision, however, through a deliberate contrast with Hesiod’s idea of a seamless connection of the human world, through farming, with the greater cosmos. In this way, Hesiod may be said to have deeply influenced the later georgic tradition, albeit through inversion.
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Derrick, Stephanie L. C. S. Lewis, Ulster Contrarian. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819448.003.0002.
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Lewis had many reasons for writing broadly accessible works, which trace back to his childhood in Belfast. His was a Romantic philosophy of literature, with deeply held convictions about authors, audiences, and art. But it was also a reactionary stance to the intellectual culture of his day: he resented the elitism and faddishness of high modernism and its ‘difficult’ literature. During the Second World War he assented to the many requests made of him to address the ‘Everyman’ of Britain. His work as a ‘translator’, converting Christian dogma into truths that everyday people could understand, was very much in keeping with what other Christians were attempting at the time. Having achieved fame with his BBC broadcasts and The Screwtape Letters, Lewis turned his thoughts to what he might achieve for the next generation. The Chronicles of Narnia were in part an answer to cultural changes in post-war Britain.
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Eigler, Ulrich. Between Voß and Schröder. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810810.003.0025.
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This chapter argues that German translations of Virgil are the result of a complicated process, in which history of reception and history of translations move alongside one another. It explores the interaction between translations of Virgil and translations of Homer, giving particular attention to the role of the authoritative translation of Homer by Johann Heinrich Voß. It demonstrates that the discourse on translations of Virgil since the eighteenth century is deeply entwined with literary, aesthetic, and political questions, which are closely entangled with the German struggle for unity and cultural identity. The chapter tries to show this by looking briefly at translations of the Aeneid beginning with Friedrich Schiller’s experimental work, focusing particularly on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
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Yaari, Nurit. The Classical Tradition in University Theatre. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746676.003.0011.
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This chapter surveys the history of classical Greek drama productions at the Department of Theatre Arts of Tel Aviv University as the basis for an exploration of the issue of theatre and art education. By analysing the students’ approach to classical Greek drama, we can see how they deal with the interpretative reading, translation, and performance of such texts on stage. We also see how the ancient works invite the students to delve more deeply into their distinctive content and forms; to draw links between theory and practice, and between text and context; to gain a deeper understanding of the issues of style and styling; and to engage in a richer experimentation with various aspects of stage performance—such as pronunciation, diction, voice, movement, music, and mise-en-scène.
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Coseru, Christian. Breaking Good. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499778.003.0006.
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Proponents of Buddhist neuroethics argue for the need to make different aspects of moral cultivation receptive to the findings and conceptual resources of neuroscience. Given its centrality to the path, compassion holds the key to understanding how moral agency can have such profoundly transformative effects despite being conditioned by various biological, social, and psychological factors. If bodhisattvas, the iconic representations of compassionate undertaking, act compassionately because of their training and cultivation, they can benefit sentient beings habitually or spontaneously. However, how such spontaneity can guarantee that violations of conventional ethical norms (which the agent-neutral framework of Buddhist ethics allows) do not translate into detrimental outcomes is deeply mysterious. On the proposal put forward here, agency presupposes some degree of self-awareness and of concern for others, both of which, it is argued, resist its explanation in terms of impersonal causal series.
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Endres, Nikolai. From Eros to Romosexuality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789260.003.0015.
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In his famous courtroom definition of ‘the love that dare not speak its name’, Wilde pays tribute to Plato and ‘that deep, spiritual affection that is as pure as it is perfect’. But how does Wilde translate Platonic love into his works, especially The Picture of Dorian Gray, where erotic purity and perfection seem hard to find? Plato is a crucial influence, but this chapter suggests we should also turn to Roman sexual models, for two pivotal texts that Dorian reads are Petronius’ Satyricon and Suetonius’ Lives of the Caesars. What emerges is an idea of love and sex that destabilizes the categories of erastes and eromenos, that stresses erotic reciprocity rather than paiderastia, and that appropriates Roman models to a much greater degree than Wilde acknowledges in his speech.
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Cordingley, Anthony. Samuel Beckett's How It Is. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474440608.001.0001.
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The first sustained exegesis of a neglected masterpiece of twentieth-century literature, Samuel Beckett’s How It Is. This book maps out the novel’s complex network of intertexts, sources and echoes, interprets its highly experimental writing and explains the work’s great significance for twentieth-century literature. It offers a clear pathway into this remarkable bilingual novel, identifying Beckett’s use of previously unknown sources in the history of Western philosophy, from the ancient and modern periods, and challenging critical orthodoxies. Through careful archival scholarship and attention to the dynamics of self-translation, the book traces Beckett’s transformation of his narrator’s ‘ancient voice’, his intellectual heritage, into a mode of aesthetic representation that offers the means to think beyond intractable paradoxes of philosophy. This shift in the work’s relation to tradition marks a hiatus in literary modernism, a watershed moment whose deep and enduring significance may now be appreciated.
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March, Jennifer R. Sophocles: Oedipus Tyrannus. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622546.001.0001.
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Oedipus Tyrannus by the great tragedian Sophocles is one of the most famous works of ancient Greek literature. The play has always been admired for the unity of its plot; every bit of every scene counts towards the dramatic effect. The action is concentrated into a single day in Oedipus’ life; his heinous crimes of unwittingly committing patricide and incest by marrying his mother all lie long ago in the past, and now, in the action of this one day, there awaits for him only the discovery of the truth. Oedipus is portrayed as a noble king, deeply devoted to his people and they to him. Proud of his earlier defeat of the Sphinx, he is determined to save his city once again, and he unflinchingly pursues the truth of who he is and what he has done, unaware that it will bring him to disaster. The spectators, familiar with Oedipus’ story, wait in horrified suspense for that terrible moment of realisation to arrive. And when it does, Oedipus survives it: he takes full responsibility for what he has done, accepts the grief and the pain, and carries on, remaining indomitable to the end. Sophocles gives no answer as to why Oedipus is made to suffer his tragic fate. Jenny March’s new facing-page translation brings alive the power and complexities of Sophocles’ writing, with a substantial introduction and a detailed commentary which is keyed to important words in the translation and aims to be accessible to readers with little or no Greek.
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Iliopoulos, John. Symmetries. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805175.003.0003.
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The concept of symmetry plays a central role in our understanding of the fundamental laws of Nature. Through a deep mathematical theorem due to A.E. Noether, all conservation laws of classical physics are related to symmetries. In this chapter we start from the intuitively obvious notions of translation and rotation symmetries which are part of the axioms of Euclidian geometry. Following W. Heisenberg, we introduce the idea of isospin as a first example of an internal symmetry. A further abstraction leads to the concept of a global versus local, or gauge symmetry, which is a fundamental property of General Relativity. Combining the notions of internal and gauge symmetries we obtain the Yang-Mills theory which describes all fundamental interactions among elementary particles. A more technical part, which relates a gauge symmetry of the Schrödinger equation of quantum mechanics to the electromagnetic interactions, is presented in a separate section and its understanding is not required for the rest of the book.
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Zola, Émile. La Bête humaine. Translated by Roger Pearson. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538669.001.0001.
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Did possessing and killing amount to the same thing deep within the dark recesses of the human beast? La Bete humaine (1890), is one of Zola’s most violent and explicit works. On one level a tale of murder, passion and possession, it is also a compassionate study of individuals derailed by atavistic forces beyond their control. Zola considered this his ‘most finely worked’ novel, and in it he powerfully evokes life at the end of the Second Empire in France, where society seemed to be hurtling into the future like the new locomotives and railways it was building. While expressing the hope that human nature evolves through education and gradually frees itself of the burden of inherited evil, he is constantly reminding us that under the veneer of technological progress there remains, always, the beast within. This new translation captures Zola's fast-paced yet deliberately dispassionate style, while the introduction and detailed notes place the novel in its social, historical, and literary context.
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Zola, Émile. Thérèse Raquin. Translated by Andrew Rothwell. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199536856.001.0001.
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Thérèse Raquin is a clinically observed, sinister tale of adultery and murder among the lower orders in nineteenth-century Paris. Zola's dispassionate dissection of the motivations of his characters, mere ‘human beasts’ who kill in order to satisfy their lust, is much more than an atmospheric Second Empire period-piece. Many readers were scandalized by an approach to character-drawing which seemed to undermine not only the moral values of a deeply conservative society, but also the whole code of psychological description on which the realist novel was based. Together with the important ‘Preface to the Second Edition’ in which Zola defended himself against charges of immorality, Thérèse Raquin stands as a key early manifesto of the French Naturalist movement, of which Zola was the founding father. Even today, this novel has lost none of its power to shock. This new translation is based on the second edition of 1868. The Introduction situates the novel in the context of Naturalism, medicine, and the scientific ideas of Zola's day.
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Hodge, Thomas P. Hunting Nature. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501750847.001.0001.
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This book explores Ivan Turgenev's relationship to nature through his conception, description, and practice of hunting — the most unquenchable passion of his life. Informed by an ecocritical perspective, the book takes an approach that is equal parts interpretive and documentarian, grounding the author's observations thoroughly in Russian cultural and linguistic context and a wide range of Turgenev's fiction, poetry, correspondence, and other writings. Included within the book are some of Turgenev's important writings on nature — never previously translated into English. Turgenev, who is traditionally identified as a chronicler of Russia's ideological struggles, is presented in the book as an expert naturalist whose intimate knowledge of flora and fauna deeply informed his view of philosophy, politics, and the role of literature in society. Ultimately, the book argues that we stand to learn a great deal about Turgenev's thought and complex literary technique when we read him in both cultural and environmental contexts. The book details how Turgenev remains mindful of the way textual detail is wedded to the organic world — the priroda that he observed, and ached for, more keenly than perhaps any other Russian writer.
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Martin, Ronald. Tacitus: Annals V and VI. Liverpool University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9780856687211.001.0001.
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Books V and VI of Tacitus' Annals, when complete, carried the narrative of Tiberius' reign from AD 29 to 37. Unfortunately, most of Book V has been lost, and, with it, Tacitus' account of the sensational events that led to the execution on 18 October in AD 31 of Aelius Sejanus. Nevertheless, Annals VI contains a fascinating variety of incidents both at Rome and on Capri, to which Tiberius had retired permanently in AD 27. But, in addition to all the material that portrays Tiberius in a highly unfavourable light, there is much in Annals VI that shows a very different side to his character. Whereas Suetonius talks of an elderly emperor who discarded all interest in public affairs from the time he retired to Capri, Tacitus portrays a more complex character — one in which cruelty and vice stand alongside a deep concern for Rome's prosperity at home and abroad. Annals VI provides an absorbing account of the varied aspects of the behaviours and personality of Rome's most enigmatic emperor during the final years of his life. The book consists of Latin text with facing-page English translation, introduction and commentary.
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Tolstoy, Leo. Anna Karenina. Translated by Rosamund Bartlett. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198748847.001.0001.
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‘Love… it means too much to me, far more than you can understand.’ At its simplest, Anna Karenina is a love story. It is a portrait of a beautiful and intelligent woman whose passionate love for a handsome officer sweeps aside all other ties - to her marriage and to the network of relationships and moral values that bind the society around her. The love affair of Anna and Vronsky is played out alongside the developing romance of Kitty and Levin, and in the character of Levin, closely based on Tolstoy himself, the search for happiness takes on a deeper philosophical significance. One of the greatest novels ever written, Anna Karenina combines penetrating psychological insight with an encyclopedic depiction of Russian life in the 1870s. The novel takes us from high society St Petersburg to the threshing fields on Levin's estate, with unforgettable scenes at a Moscow ballroom, the skating rink, a race course, a railway station. It creates an intricate labyrinth of connections that is profoundly satisfying, and deeply moving. Rosamund Bartlett's translation conveys Tolstoy's precision of meaning and emotional accuracy in an English version that is highly readable and stylistically faithful. Like her acclaimed biography of Tolstoy, it is vivid, nuanced, and compelling.
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Palmer, Lindsay. The Fixers. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680824.001.0001.
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This book conducts a cultural analysis of the labor of the news fixer—the locally based media employee who helps international correspondents research stories, set up interviews, translate foreign languages, and navigate unfamiliar regions. Foreign reporters often say that their work would be impossible without these local news assistants. Yet, fixers are among some of the most exploited and persecuted people contributing to the production of international news. Targeted by militant groups, by their own governments, or even by their own neighbors, fixers must often engage in a precarious balancing act between appeasing their community members and pleasing the correspondents who visit from faraway. Though foreign news outlets routinely depend upon news fixers’ insider awareness of politically tense situations in order to keep their own reporters safe in the field, fixers themselves continually face detainment, injury, and death. Even so, international news organizations almost never provide their fixers with hazardous environment training or medical insurance. What is more, fixers rarely receive professional credit from the reporters who hire them, suggesting that their often life-threatening labor is deeply undervalued. Drawing upon 75 interviews with fixers from 39 different countries, this book argues that although fixers’ labor is essential to international news reporting, it is still relegated to the shadows of the international news industry.
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Loewe, Raphael, ed. Meshal Haqadmoni Fables from the Distant Past. Translated by Raphael Loewe. Liverpool University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774563.001.0001.
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The wondrous fables of Ibn Sahula in Meshal haqadmoni, presented here in English for the first time, provide a most unusual introduction to the intellectual and social universe of the Sephardi Jewish world of thirteenth-century Spain. Ibn Sahula wrote his fables in rhymed prose, here rendered into English as rhymed couplets. They comprise a series of satirical debates between a cynic and a moralist, put into the mouths of animals; the moralist always triumphs. The debates, which touch on such subjects as time, the soul, the physical sciences and medicine, astronomy, and astrology, amply reflect human foibles, political compromise, and court intrigue. They are suffused throughout with traditional Jewish law and lore, a flavour reinforced by the profusion of biblical quotations reapplied. With parallel Hebrew and English texts, explanatory notes, indication of textual variants, and references for all the biblical and other allusions, this edition has much to offer to scholars in many areas: medieval Hebrew literature, medieval intellectual history, Sephardi studies, and the literature and folklore of Spain. Both the translation and the scholarly annotations reflect a deep understanding of Ibn Sahula's world, including the interrelationship of Hebrew, Greek, and Arabic speculative thought and the interplay between those languages.
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Miller, Kenneth P. Texas vs. California. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190077365.001.0001.
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Texas and California are the leaders of red and blue America. As the nation has polarized, its most populous and economically powerful states have taken charge of the opposing camps. These states now advance sharply contrasting political and policy agendas and view themselves as competitors for control of the nation’s future. This book provides a detailed account of the rivalry’s emergence, present state, and possible future. First, it explores why, despite their many similarities, the two states have become so deeply divided. The explanations focus on critical differences in the state’s origins as well as in their later demographic, economic, cultural, and political development. Second, the book analyzes how the two states have translated their competing visions into policy. It describes how Texas and California have constructed opposing, comprehensive policy models—one conservative, the other progressive. It describes how these models operate and how they have produced widely different outputs in a range of domestic policy areas. In separate chapters, the book highlights the states’ contrasting policies in five areas: tax, labor, energy and environment, poverty, and social issues. It also shows how Texas and California have led the red and blue state blocs in seeking to influence federal policy in these and other areas. Finally, the book assesses the two models’ strengths, vulnerabilities, and potential futures, providing a balanced analysis of their competing visions.
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Gil, Daniel Juan. Fate of the Flesh. Fordham University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823290048.001.0001.
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In the seventeenth century, the hope for resurrection starts to be undermined by an emerging empirical scientific world view and a rising Cartesian dualist ontology that translates resurrection into more dualist terms. But poets pick up the embattled idea of resurrection of the body and bend it from a future apocalypse into the here and now so that they imagine the body as it exists now to be already infused with the strange, vibrant materiality of the “resurrection body.” This “resurrection body” is imagined as the precondition for the social identities and forms of agency of the social person, and yet the “resurrection body” also remains deeply other to all such identities and forms of agency, an alien within the self that both enables and undercuts life as a social person. Positing a “resurrection body” within the historical person leads seventeenth-century poets to use their poetry to develop an awareness of the unsettling materiality within the heart of the self and allows them to reimagine agency, selfhood, and the natural world in this light. In developing a poetics that seeks a deranging materialism within the self, these poets anticipate twentieth-century “avant-garde” poetics. They do not frame their poems as simple representation nor as beautiful objects but as a form of social praxis that creates new communities of readers and writers that are assembled by a new experience of self-as-body mediated by poetry.
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L, Blanc P., and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited., eds. An AECL research translation of a CEA report the new OKLO reaction zones (Gabon): Report onmission (July 1988) and study project on the long-term migration processes of elements within a deep geochemical system. Pinawa, Man: AECL, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, 1992.
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Van Anglen, K. P., and James Engell, eds. The Call of Classical Literature in the Romantic Age. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429641.001.0001.
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The book reveals the extent to which writers we call “romantic” venerate and use the classics to serve their own ends in transforming poetry, epic, the novel, mythology, politics, and issues of race, as well as in practicing translation and reshaping models for a literary career and personal life. On both sides of the Atlantic the classics—including the surprising influence of Hebrew, regarded then as a classical language—play a major role in what becomes labeled Romanticism only much later in the nineteenth century. The relation between classic and romantic is not one of opposition but of a subtle and deep interpenetration. Classical texts retain an enduring, but newly transformational presence. While romantic writers regard what they are doing as new, this attitude does not prompt them to abjure lessons of genre, expression, and judgment flowing from classical authors they love. Their view is Janus-faced. Aside from one essay on Coleridge, the volume does not address major canonical British poets. Considerable work on their relation to the classics exists. Writers treated in detail include William Gilpin, Phillis Wheatley, Robert Lowth, Walter Savage Landor, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, James McCune Smith, Herman Melville, S. T. Coleridge, and Edward Gibbon. Four chapters each treat multiple authors from both sides of the Atlantic. Topics include the picturesque, political rhetoric, epic invocation, mythology, imitation, ekphrasis, slavery, feminism, history and historiography, and the innovative influence of ancient Hebrew, especially its poetry.
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Parker, Joanne, and Corinna Wagner, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Victorian Medievalism. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669509.001.0001.
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Victorian medievalism physically transformed the streets of Britain. It lay at the root of new laws and social policies. It changed religious practices. It deeply coloured national identities. And it inspired art, literature, and music that remains influential to this day. Sometimes driven by nostalgia, but also often progressive and future-facing, this wide-reaching movement, which reached its peak during the reign of Queen Victoria, looked back to a range of different peoples and historical periods spanning a thousand years, in order to inspire and vindicate cultural, political and social change. Medievalism was pervasive in Victorian literature, with texts ranging from translated sagas to pseudo-medieval devotional verse, to triple-decker novels. It became a dominant architectural mode – transforming the English landscape, with 75% of new churches built on a ‘Gothic’ rather than a classical model, as well as museums, railway stations, town halls, and pumping stations. It was appealed to by both Whigs and Tories. But it also permeated domestic life – influencing the popularity of beards, the naming of children, and the design of homes and furniture. This landmark study is an attempt to draw together for the first time every major aspect of Victorian medievalism, and to examine the phenomenon from the perspective of the many disciplines to which it is relevant, including intellectual history, religious studies, social history, literary history, art history, and architecture. Bringing together the expertise of 39 experts from different subject areas, it reveals the pervasiveness and multi-faceted character of the movement in the nineteenth century, and explains its continuing legacy today.
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Austin, Christopher R. Pradyumna. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190054113.001.0001.
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This monograph provides the first full-scale English language study of Pradyumna, the son of the Hindu god Kṛṣṇa. Often represented as a young man in mid-adolescence, Pradyumna is both a handsome double of his demon-slaying father and the rebirth of Kāmadeva, the God of Love. Sanskrit epic, purāṇic, and kāvya narratives of the 300–1300 CE period celebrate Pradyumna’s sexual potency, mastery of illusory subterfuges, and military prowess in supporting the work of his avatāra father. These materials reflect chiefly the values of an evolving Brahminical and Vaiṣṇava tradition deeply invested in the imperatives of family, patriline, the violent but necessary defense of the social and cosmic order, and the celebration of beauty and desire as a means to the divine. As such, Pradyumna’s evolving narratives, almost completely unknown in existing studies of Hindu mythology, provide a point of access to the development of Krishna bhakti and Vaiṣṇava theism more broadly. However, Jain sources cast Pradyumna as an exemplary figure through whom a pointed rejection of these values can be articulated, even while sharing certain of their elementary premises. This book assembles these narratives, presents key Sanskrit materials in translation and summary form, and articulates the social, gender, and religious values encoded in them. Most importantly, the study argues that Pradyumna’s signature two-handed maneuver—the audacious appropriation of a feminine partner, effectuating and enabled by the emasculating destruction of her demonic male protector—communicates a persisting fantasy of male power, expressed in the language of mutually implicating sex and violence.
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Zaritt, Saul Noam. Jewish American Writing and World Literature. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863717.001.0001.
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Jewish American Writing and World Literature studies Jewish American writers’ relationships with the idea of world literature—how they place themselves within its boundaries, outside its purview, or, most often, in constant motion across and beyond its maps and networks. Writers such as Sholem Asch, Jacob Glatstein, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Anna Margolin, Saul Bellow, and Grace Paley all responded to a demand to write beyond local Jewish and American audiences and toward the world, as a global market and as a transnational ideal. At the same time, their work is deeply informed by an intimate connection to Yiddish, a Jewish vernacular with its own global network and institutional ambitions. This book tracks the attempts and failures, through translation, to find a home for Jewish vernacularity in the institution of world literature. Beyond fame and global circulation, world literature holds up the promise of legibility, in which a threatened origin becomes the site for redemptive literary creativity. But this promise inevitably remains unfulfilled, as writers struggle to balance potential universal achievements with untranslatable realities, rendering impossible any complete arrival in the US and in the world. The exploration of the translational uncertainty of Jewish American writing joins postcolonial critiques of US and world literature and challenges Eurocentric and Anglo-American paradigms of literary study. In bringing into conversation the fields of Yiddish studies, American Studies, and world literature theory, the book proposes a new approach to the study of modern Jewish literatures and their implication within global empires of culture.
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Luginbühl, Martin, and Arvi Yli-Hankala. Assessment of the components of anaesthesia. Edited by Antony R. Wilkes and Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0026.
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In modern anaesthesia practice, hypnotic drugs, opioids, and neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are combined. The introduction of NMBAs in particular substantially increased the risk of awareness and recall during general anaesthesia. Hypnotic drugs such as propofol and volatile anaesthetics act through GABAA receptors and have typical effects on the electroencephalogram (EEG). During increasing concentrations of these pharmaceuticals, the EEG desynchronization is followed by gradual synchronization, slowing frequency, and increasing amplitude of EEG, thereafter EEG suppressions (burst suppression), and, finally, isoelectric EEG. Hypnotic depth monitors such as the Bispectral Index™, Entropy™, and Narcotrend® are based on quantitative EEG analysis and translate these changes into numbers between 100 and 0. Although they are good predictors of wakefulness and deep anaesthesia, their usefulness in prevention of awareness and recall has been challenged, especially when inhalation anaesthetics are used. External and patient-related artifacts such as epileptiform discharges and frontal electromyography (EMG) affect the signal so their readings need careful interpretation. Their use is recommended in patients at increased risk of awareness and recall and in patients under total intravenous anaesthesia. Monitors of analgesia and nociception are not established in clinical practice but mostly remain experimental although some are commercially available. Some use EEG changes induced by noxious stimulation (EEG arousal) or quantify the frontal EMG in relation to EEG, while others are based on the sympathoadrenergic stress response. Various other devices are also discussed in this chapter.
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Chrubasik, Boris, and Daniel King, eds. Hellenism and the Local Communities of the Eastern Mediterranean. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805663.001.0001.
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This volume focuses on questions of Greek and non-Greek cultural interaction in the eastern Mediterranean and the ancient Near East during a broadly defined Hellenistic period from 400 BCE–250 CE. While recent historiographical emphasis on the non-Greek cultures of the eastern Mediterranean is a critical methodological advancement, this volume re-examines the presence of Greek cultural elements in these areas. The regions discussed—Asia Minor, Egypt, the Levant, and Mesopotamia—were quite different from one another; so, too, were the cross-cultural interactions we can observe in each case. Nevertheless, overarching questions that unite these local phenomena are addressed by leading scholars in their individual contributions. These questions are at the heart of this volume: Why did the non-Greek communities of the Eastern Mediterranean engage so closely with Greek cultural forms and political and cultural practices? How did this engagement translate into the daily lives of the non-Greek cultures of Asia Minor, the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Egypt? Local engagement differed from region to region, but some elements, such as local forms of the polis and writing in the Greek language, were attractive for many of the non-Greek communities from fourth-century Anatolia to second-century Babylon. The Greek empires and the Greek communities of the Eastern Mediterranean, too, were transformed by these local interpretations. The presence of adapted, changed, and locally interpreted Greek elements deeply entrenched in each community’s culture are for us the many forms of Hellenisms, but it is ultimately these categories, too, that this volume wishes to examine.
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Pecora, Vincent P. Land and Literature in a Cosmopolitan Age. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852148.001.0001.
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Despite its growing cosmopolitanism, European culture after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 was no stranger to ancient beliefs in a natural, religiously sanctioned, and aesthetically pleasing relationship to the land. The classical Greek notion translates as “autochthony”—literally, birth from the soil, enabled by a god. The biblical account in Exodus gives the idea of a Promised Land, designed for a particular people by their god. Twentieth-century versions of the first theme culminate in the Nordic (and then Nazi) notion of a Volksgemeinschaft—a folk community—built on the supposedly intrinsic link between Blut und Boden, blood and soil. And the idea of a Promised Land has motivated rebellious English Puritans, colonizing Americans obsessed with their “manifest destiny,” Dutch Voortrekkers, and a wide array of liberation movements.The many resonances of these topoi form a more or less coherent whole, from the novels of George Eliot to the poetry of T. S. Eliot, from thinkers such as J. G. Fichte to the Austrian historian Otto Brunner and the Indian social psychologist Ashis Nandy, and throughout the long history of Western aesthetics, from Meister Eckhart to Alexander Baumgarten to Martin Heidegger. The supposed cosmopolitanism of the modern age often obscures a deep commitment to regional, nativist, nationalist, and civilizational attachments, including a justifying theological politics, much of which is still with us today. Untangling the meaning of the vital geographies of the modern age, including how they shaped our accounts of literature and representation, is the goal of this book.
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Fluke, John D., Mónica López López, Rami Benbenishty, Erik J. Knorth, and Donald J. Baumann, eds. Decision-Making and Judgment in Child Welfare and Protection. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190059538.001.0001.
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Professionals working in child welfare and child protection are making decisions with crucial implications for children and families on a daily basis. The types of judgements and decisions they make vary and include decisions such as whether a child is at risk of significant harm by parents, whether to remove a child from home or to reunify a child with parents after some time in care. These decisions are intended to help achieve the best interests of the child. Unfortunately, they can sometimes also doom children and families unnecessarily to many years of pain and suffering. Surprisingly, despite the central role of judgments and decision making in professional practice and its deep impact on children and families, child welfare and protection training and research programs have paid little attention to this crucial aspect of practice. Furthermore, although extensive knowledge about professional judgment and decision making has been accumulated in relevant areas, such as medicine, business administration, and economics, little has been done to help transfer and translate this knowledge to the child welfare and protection areas. This book represents our aspiration to fill this critical gap in the child welfare and protection research agenda, while providing an up-to-date resource for practitioners and policy makers. It is our purpose to provide the reader with the ideas, methods and tools to improve their understanding of how context and decision-maker behaviors affect child welfare and protection decision making, and how such knowledge might lead to improvements in decision-making.
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Gelernter, David. Mirror Worlds. Oxford University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195068122.001.0001.
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Technology doesn't flow smoothly; it's the big surprises that matter, and Yale computer expert David Gelernter sees one such giant leap right on the horizon. Today's small scale software programs are about to be joined by vast public software works that will revolutionize computing and transform society as a whole. One such vast program is the "Mirror world." Imagine looking at your computer screen and seeing reality--an image of your city, for instance, complete with moving traffic patterns, or a picture that sketches the state of an entire far-flung corporation at this second. These representations are called Mirror worlds, and according to Gelernter they will soon be available to everyone. Mirror worlds are high-tech voodoo dolls: by interacting with the images, you interact with reality. Indeed, Mirror worlds will revolutionize the use of computers, transforming them from (mere) handy tools to crystal balls which will allow us to see the world more vividly and see into it more deeply. Reality will be replaced gradually, piece-by-piece, by a software imitation; we will live inside the imitation; and the surprising thing is--this will be a great humanistic advance. we gain control over our world, plus a huge new measure of insight and vision. In this fascinating book--part speculation, part explanation--Gelernter takes us on a tour of the computer technology of the near future. Mirror worlds, he contends, will allow us to explore the world in unprecedented depth and detail without ever changing out of our pajamas. A hospital administrator might wander through an entire medical complex via a desktop computer. Any citizen might explore the performance of the local schools, chat electronically with teachers and other Mirror world visitors, plant software agents to report back on interesting topics; decide to run for the local school board, hire a campaign manager, and conduct the better part of the campaign itself--all by interacting with the Mirror world. Gelernter doesn't just speculate about how this amazing new software will be used--he shows us how it will be made, explaining carefully and in detail how to build a Mirror world using technology already available. we learn about "disembodied machines," "trellises," "ensembles," and other computer components which sound obscure, but which Gelernter explains using familiar metaphors and terms. (He tells us that a Mirror world is a microcosm just like a Japanese garden or a Gothic cathedral, and that a computer program is translated by the computer in the same way a symphony is translated by a violinist into music.) Mirror worlds offers a lucid and humanistic account of the coming software revolution, told by a computer scientist at the cutting edge of his field.
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Hinton, Alexander Laban. Performance (Reach Sambath, Public Affairs, and “Justice Trouble”). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820949.003.0008.
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Chapter 5 shifts from aesthetics to performativity, even as the two are intertwined. Just as the parties came together at Tuol Sleng in a performance of transitional justice and law, one that seemed to realize the transitional justice imaginary’s aspiration for transformation, so too did the civil parties enter into legal proceedings that had clear performative dimensions, including an ethnodramatic structure that led some to refer to it as “the show.” Indeed, justice itself is a momentary enactment of law, structured by power including legal codes and the force of law, which is plagued by the impossibility of realizing the universal in the particular, a dilemma Derrida has discussed in terms of justice always being something that is “to come.” Other scholarship, ranging from Butler’s ideas about the performativity of gender to Lacan’s theorization of the self, similarly discusses how idealizations break down even as they are performatively asserted with the momentary manifestation of the particular never able to fully accord with idealized aspirations—including those of the transitional justice imaginary and its facadist externalizations. The chapter begins with a discussion of the ways in which Vann Nath’s testimony illustrates the ways the court seeks to performatively assert justice through courtroom rituals, roles, and discourses. The chapter then turns to examine the related work of the court’s “public face,” the Public Affairs Section (PAS), which promoted its success in busing in tens of thousands of Cambodians as evidence of public engagement with the court. The chapter discusses some of the ways in which the head of the PAS, Reach Sambath, who was sometimes referred to as “Spokesperson for the Ghosts,” translated justice when interacting with such Cambodians with many of whom he shared a deep Buddhist belief. I then explore the issues of “Justice Trouble,” or some of the ways in which the instability of the juridical performance at the ECCC broke down, including Theary Seng’s later condemnation of the court.
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Past, Mariana F., and Benjamin Hebblethwaite. Stirring the Pot of Haitian History. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800859678.001.0001.
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Stirring the Pot of Haitian History is an original translation of Ti difé boulé sou istoua Ayiti (1977), the first book written by Haitian anthropologist Michel-Rolph Trouillot. Challenging understandings of Haitian history, Trouillot analyzes the pivotal role of self-emancipated revolutionaries in the Haitian Revolution and War of Independence (1791-1804), a generation of people who founded the modern Haitian state and advanced Haiti’s vibrant contemporary cultures. This book confronts the problems of self-serving politicians and the racial mythologizing of historical figures like Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Toussaint Louverture and André Rigaud. The author denounces corruption and racism as hereditary maladies received from the hyper-racist slave society of the French colony of Saint-Domingue. Trouillot also examines the socio-economic and political contradictions and inequalities of Saint-Domingue, traces the unravelling of the colony’s racist economic system after the revolts of 1791, and argues that Haitian Creole language and Haitian Vodou religion provided the bedrock cultural cohesion needed to fuel the resistance, revolt and warfare that led to Haitian independence on January 1, 1804. Trouillot blends Marxist criticism, deep readings in Haitian historiography, anthropological insights, and skilful handling of Haiti's rich oral traditions of storytelling, proverbs and wisdom sayings to provide a sharp and earthy account of Haitian social and political thought rooted in the style and culture of Haitian Creole speakers. Each chapter opens with a line of verse, song or a proverb that pulls readers into a historical oral performance. Haitian oral tradition from popular culture and Vodou religion mingle with explorations of complex social and political realities and historical hypotheses. Although the Haitian Creole majority language still plays second fiddle to French in government and education, Ti difé boulé sou istoua Ayiti is a major contribution in the effort to demonstrate the power of Haitian Creole scholarship. Stirring the Pot of Haitian History holds a preeminent place in the expanding canon of Haitian Creole and Caribbean literature, especially as it shows how historical problems continue to insinuate themselves within the contemporary moment.
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Riley, Kathleen. Imagining Ithaca. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852971.001.0001.
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‘Though home is a name, a word, it is a strong one’, said Charles Dickens, ‘stronger than magician ever spoke, or spirit answered to, in strongest conjuration.’ The ancient Greek word nostos, meaning homecoming or return, has a commensurate power and mystique. Irish philosopher-poet John Moriarty described it as ‘a teeming word … a haunted word … a word to conjure with’. The most celebrated and culturally enduring nostos is that of Homer’s Odysseus who spent ten years returning home after the fall of Troy. His journey back involved many obstacles, temptations, and fantastical adventures and even a katabasis, a rare descent by the living into the realm of the dead. All the while he was sustained and propelled by his memories of Ithaca (‘His native home deep imag’d in his soul’, as Pope’s translation has it). From Virgil’s Aeneid to James Joyce’s Ulysses, from MGM’s The Wizard of Oz to the Coen Brothers’ O Brother, Where Art Thou?, and from Derek Walcott’s Omeros to Margaret Atwood’s Penelopiad, the Odyssean paradigm of nostos and nostalgia has been continually summoned and reimagined by writers and filmmakers. At the same time, ‘Ithaca’ has proved to be an evocative and versatile abstraction. It is as much about possibility as it is about the past; it is a vision of Arcadia or a haunting, an object of longing, a repository of memory, ‘a sleep and a forgetting’. In essence it is about seeking what is absent. Imagining Ithaca explores the idea of nostos, and its attendant pain (algos), in an excitingly eclectic range of sources: from Rebecca West’s The Return of the Soldier and Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front, through the exilic memoirs of Nabokov and the time-travelling fantasies of Woody Allen, to Seamus Heaney’s Virgilian descent into the London Underground and Michael Portillo’s Telemachan railway journey to Salamanca. This kaleidoscopic exploration spans the end of the Great War, when the world at large was experiencing the complexities of homecoming, to the era of Brexit and COVID-19 which has put the notion of nostalgia firmly under the microscope.
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Fangruida:Nuclear submarine attacks, strategic bombers, land-based nuclear missiles and space warfare --------Modern war and future war (new cold war and hot war: The ghost of the deep sea --- a nuclear submarine cruising in the four oceans The ocean is the heart of the earth, and the ocean is the cradle of life on the earth. Fangruida 2014v 2.2 English version 2017v1.3 electronic revision Translation school editor Lasco. H. Geneva: Internet, 2017.
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