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Journal articles on the topic 'Defeat of musculoskeletal system'
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Fedotova, A. S., N. N. Molitvoslovova, L. I. Alekseeva, et al. "CONDITION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN PATIENTSWITH ACROMEGALY." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 13, no. 1 (2010): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo2010119-27.
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Despite the relatively low incidence of acromegaly (60-70 cases per I million inhabitants), this disease has a special place among the heterogeneous group of diseases that lead to the defeat of the locomotor apparatus. The slow growth of the clinical manifestations of acromegaly and as a consequence, late diagnosis, the cause of early disability and premature death of patients. In order to improve the quality of life and social adaptation of patients to date is an obvious need to identify groups of patients with acromegaly, requiring additional therapy for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. We performed the search in bibliographic bases MEDLINE and Cochrane Collaboration from 2000 on 2009. Key words were the following: acromegaly, acromegaly and arthropathy, osteoporosis and acromegaly, the bone mineral density and acromegaly, fractures and acromegaly. In this article the data about role of risk factors for the defeat ofosteoarticular apparatus, the dynamics of the articular syndrome and the state of bone tissue in acromegaly.
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Minoranskaya, N. S., and E. I. Minoranskaya. "CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRONIC IXODES TICK-BORNE BORRELIOSIS WITH THE DEFEAT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM." Siberian Medical Review, no. 2 (2014): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2014-2-62-67.
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Chan, C. C.-H., and G. A. Munroe. "Congenital defects of the equine musculoskeletal system." Equine Veterinary Education 8, no. 3 (1996): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.1996.tb01677.x.
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Skvortsov, A. P. "Surgical treatment of knee joint deformities after hematogenous osteomyelitis." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 2 (2001): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70219.
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Hematogenous osteomyelitis is still a common disease, accounting for 6-10% of all pyoinflammatory diseases [3], while the incidence varies from 0.3 to 0.75 per 1000 child population. The proportion of complications of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (CSO) in the structure of purulent-septic diseases ranges from 8.6 to 12%, in the structure of orthopedic pathology - from 3 to 6% [4]. Orthopedic complications (dislocations, deformities, shortening, contractures and ankylosis of large joints) are observed in 3171% of cases [5]. In children, the severity of the disease in the long term is aggravated by the defeat of the metaepiphyseal zones, which leads to a violation of the further formation of the musculoskeletal system [1, 2, 23].
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Panevin, Taras S., Lyudmila I. Alekseeva, Elena A. Taskina, and Natalia G. Kashevarova. "Limited joint mobility syndrome as a predictor of the diabetic foot syndrome." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 22, no. 3 (2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo12280.
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to the development of late complications. In addition to the traditional late complications, a high prevalence of damage to the musculoskeletal system in diabetes was noted. The most appropriate term that reflects the defeat of the musculoskeletal system in diabetes is limited joints mobility syndrome (LJM). Damage to the hands in the presence of open painless stiffness of the joints, fixed flexion contractures, impaired fine motor skills of the hands and grip forces. Subsequently, it became clear that, over time, the restriction of joint mobility develops not only in the small joints of the hands, but also in other large and small joints of the limbs. Traditionally, LJM syndrome pays low attention on the part of practitioners in comparison with other micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes, even though LJM can significantly impair functional activity, self-care, and impair the quality of life. It is assumed that damage to the periarticular tissues and joints in DM is caused by the accumulation of end glycation products. A decisive place in the diagnosis of LJM is the clinical examination. In the presence of LJM syndrome, the osteoarticular structures of the feet can be affected, timely diagnosis can lead to the development of diabetic foot syndrome.
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Aparisi Gómez, Maria Pilar, Sheryl Watkin, David Perry, Paolo Simoni, Giovanni Trisolino, and Alberto Bazzocchi. "Anatomical Considerations of Embryology and Development of the Musculoskeletal System: Basic Notions for Musculoskeletal Radiologists." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 25, no. 01 (2021): 003–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723005.
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AbstractThe musculoskeletal (MSK) system begins to form in the third week of intrauterine development. Multiple genes are involved in the complex different processes to form the skeleton, muscles and joints. The embryonic period, from the third to the eighth week of development, is critical for normal development and therefore the time when most structural defects are induced. Many of these defects have a genetic origin, but environmental factors may also play a very important role. This review summarizes the embryology of the different components of the MSK system and their configuration as an organ-system, analyzes the clinical implications resulting from failures in the process of organogenesis, and describes the first approach to diagnosis of skeletal abnormalities using prenatal ultrasound.
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Johnson, Aaron N. "Myotube Guidance: Shaping up the Musculoskeletal System." Journal of Developmental Biology 12, no. 3 (2024): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb12030025.
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Myofibers are highly specialized contractile cells of skeletal muscles, and dysregulation of myofiber morphogenesis is emerging as a contributing cause of myopathies and structural birth defects. Myotubes are the myofiber precursors and undergo a dramatic morphological transition into long bipolar myofibers that are attached to tendons on two ends. Similar to axon growth cones, myotube leading edges navigate toward target cells and form cell–cell connections. The process of myotube guidance connects myotubes with the correct tendons, orients myofiber morphology with the overall body plan, and generates a functional musculoskeletal system. Navigational signaling, addition of mass and volume, and identification of target cells are common events in myotube guidance and axon guidance, but surprisingly, the mechanisms regulating these events are not completely overlapping in myotubes and axons. This review summarizes the strategies that have evolved to direct myotube leading edges to predetermined tendon cells and highlights key differences between myotube guidance and axon guidance. The association of myotube guidance pathways with developmental disorders is also discussed.
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Sun, Tianze, Jinzuo Wang, Moran Suo, et al. "The Digital Twin: A Potential Solution for the Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Musculoskeletal System Diseases." Bioengineering 10, no. 6 (2023): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060627.
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Due to the high prevalence and rates of disability associated with musculoskeletal system diseases, more thorough research into diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatments is required. One of the key contributors to the emergence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system is thought to be changes in the biomechanics of the human musculoskeletal system. However, there are some defects concerning personal analysis or dynamic responses in current biomechanical research methodologies. Digital twin (DT) was initially an engineering concept that reflected the mirror image of a physical entity. With the application of medical image analysis and artificial intelligence (AI), it entered our lives and showed its potential to be further applied in the medical field. Consequently, we believe that DT can take a step towards personalized healthcare by guiding the design of industrial personalized healthcare systems. In this perspective article, we discuss the limitations of traditional biomechanical methods and the initial exploration of DT in musculoskeletal system diseases. We provide a new opinion that DT could be an effective solution for musculoskeletal system diseases in the future, which will help us analyze the real-time biomechanical properties of the musculoskeletal system and achieve personalized medicine.
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Piróg, Katarzyna A., and Michael D. Briggs. "Skeletal Dysplasias Associated with Mild Myopathy—A Clinical and Molecular Review." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/686457.
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Musculoskeletal system is a complex assembly of tissues which acts as scaffold for the body and enables locomotion. It is often overlooked that different components of this system may biomechanically interact and affect each other. Skeletal dysplasias are diseases predominantly affecting the development of the osseous skeleton. However, in some cases skeletal dysplasia patients are referred to neuromuscular clinics prior to the correct skeletal diagnosis. The muscular complications seen in these cases are usually mild and may stem directly from the muscle defect and/or from the altered interactions between the individual components of the musculoskeletal system. A correct early diagnosis may enable better management of the patients and a better quality of life. This paper attempts to summarise the different components of the musculoskeletal system which are affected in skeletal dysplasias and lists several interesting examples of such diseases in order to enable better understanding of the complexity of human musculoskeletal system.
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Leipold, Horst W., Takeo Hiraga, and Stanley M. Dennis. "Congenital Defects of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System and Joints." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 9, no. 1 (1993): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30674-5.
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Baindurashvili, A. G., K. S. Solov’Yova, A. V. Zaletina, and Yu A. Lapkin. "Congenital Abnormalities (developmental defects) and Musculoskeletal System Deformities in Children." Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2014-3-15-20.
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Data of RF Health Ministry official statistics, Federal Genetic Register and Congenital Defects Monitoring Center, and St. Petersburg Diagnostic (Medical Genetic) Center were analyzed. It is stated that within XVII Class of ICD-10 “Congenital abnormalities (developmental defects), deformities and chromosomal disorders” congenital malformations (developmental defects) and musculoskeletal system (MSS) deformities make up 20 - 22% and handicapped children account for 25 - 28%. The rate of MSS abnormalities diagnosed in maternity hospitals is 4.0 - 4.4 per 1000 of newborns. Rate and structure of MSS malformations in newborns and handicapped children was studied and compared. The number of handicapped children with various forms of MSS congenital developmental defects changes with age that reflects both progression of disease and deformity relapse as well as treatment efficacy. Rate indices and data on the structures of various forms of congenital developmental defects may be used for disability prognostication when planning the requirements in treatment and rehabilitation.
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Baindurashvili, A. G., K. S. Solov’yova, A. V. Zaletina, and Yu A. Lapkin. "Congenital Abnormalities (developmental defects) and Musculoskeletal System Deformities in Children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 21, no. 3 (2014): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto20140315-20.
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Data of RF Health Ministry official statistics, Federal Genetic Register and Congenital Defects Monitoring Center, and St. Petersburg Diagnostic (Medical Genetic) Center were analyzed. It is stated that within XVII Class of ICD-10 “Congenital abnormalities (developmental defects), deformities and chromosomal disorders” congenital malformations (developmental defects) and musculoskeletal system (MSS) deformities make up 20 - 22% and handicapped children account for 25 - 28%. The rate of MSS abnormalities diagnosed in maternity hospitals is 4.0 - 4.4 per 1000 of newborns. Rate and structure of MSS malformations in newborns and handicapped children was studied and compared. The number of handicapped children with various forms of MSS congenital developmental defects changes with age that reflects both progression of disease and deformity relapse as well as treatment efficacy. Rate indices and data on the structures of various forms of congenital developmental defects may be used for disability prognostication when planning the requirements in treatment and rehabilitation.
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Shakya, Shristi, Kalpana Upadhaya Subedi, and Megha Mishra. "Incidence of Birth Defects among Live Born Neonates at Tertiary Level Maternity Hospital in Nepal." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 42, no. 2 (2022): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v42i2.41093.
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Introduction: Birth defects are structural and functional anomalies that present before, at birth, or later in life. This study aimed to find out total incidence, type of structural birth defects in live born babies in Nepal. Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary level maternity hospital in Nepal from 14 April 2018 to 13 April 2019. Data was collected on online Newborn Birth Defect data base developed by WHO South- East-Asia Regional Office. All live born babies with external and internal birth defects confirmed by radiographic, ultrasonography and echocardiography until seven days of life were included. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee of hospital. Results: Total of 21,564 live babies were delivered during one-year study period. Out of these, 220 (1.02%) had one or more birth defects. Number of male babies {130 (59%)} were more than female {89 (40.9%)}. 176 (80%) babies with the malformation were born to mother within age group 20 to 35 years. Of the total 220 babies with birth defects, 197 (89.5%) had isolated malformations and remaining 23 (10.4%) had sequence malformations. The most frequent malformations involved cardiovascular system 125 (56.8%) followed by gastrointestinal system 37 (16.8%), musculoskeletal system 34 (15.4%) and central nervous system 18 (8.1%). Conclusions: Incidence of overall birth defects in this study was found to be 1.02% in which cardiovascular system anomalies was the most common followed by gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and central nervous system anomalies.
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Ye, Bing, Bin Wu, Yanlin Su, Tingfang Sun, and Xiaodong Guo. "Recent Advances in the Application of Natural and Synthetic Polymer-Based Scaffolds in Musculoskeletal Regeneration." Polymers 14, no. 21 (2022): 4566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214566.
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The musculoskeletal system plays a critical role in providing the physical scaffold and movement to the mammalian body. Musculoskeletal disorders severely affect mobility and quality of life and pose a heavy burden to society. This new field of musculoskeletal tissue engineering has great potential as an alternative approach to treating large musculoskeletal defects. Natural and synthetic polymers are widely used in musculoskeletal tissue engineering owing to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Even more promising is the use of natural and synthetic polymer composites, as well as the combination of polymers and inorganic materials, to repair musculoskeletal tissue. Therefore, this review summarizes the progress of polymer-based scaffolds for applications of musculoskeletal tissue engineering and briefly discusses the challenges and future perspectives.
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GOLTSOV, A. V. "INTERRELATION OF THE PHYSICAL IMAGE OF "I" AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE MECHANISM OF DISABLED PERSON WITH THE DEFEAT OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM." Historical and social-educational ideas 8, no. 2/2 (2016): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2016-8-2/2-94-97.
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Grigoricheva, L. G., I. V. Timoshnikova, A. G. Goncharenko, T. A. Akopyan, Nina A. Korenyak, and B. A. Samarin. "Dynamics of indices of primary disability of the child population due to diseases of the musculoskeletal system for the period of 2005-2014 in the Altai Territory." Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 19, no. 4 (2016): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9537-2016-19-4-191-194.
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The level of disability, along with the indices of the infant mortality rate, morbidity rate, physical development and health demographic processes is a basic index of child health, reflecting the level of economic and social well-being of the country. In the Russian Federation children with disabilities make up, according to various estimates, from 1.5-2.5 to 4.5% of the child population. In the structure of the primary disability of children in the Altai Krai the share of disabled children due to musculoskeletal system pathology in 2005-2014 varied from 13.2% to 26.0%. The level of the primary disability of children due to pathology of a musculoskeletal system increased from 5.7 in 2005 to 6.5 per 10 thousands of the child population in 2014. The gain of the intensive index of the primary disability of children due to pathology of a musculoskeletal system is caused by the increase in the disability level due to diseases of the nervous system (from 2.0 to 4.0 per 10 thousands of the child population) and congenital defects of a musculoskeletal system (with 1.1 to 1.6 per 10 thousands of the child population).
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Bodnaruk, N.I., N.I. Smolyar, N.L. Chukhray, O.O. Mashkarinets та I.V. Gan. "Аssociation between incidence of caries of temporary teeth and pathology of the musculoskeletal system in preschool children, considering biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism". Medicni perspektivi 27, № 2 (2022): 138–45. https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2022.2.260290.
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The aim is study biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism in children with musculoskeletal disorders and their association with dental caries of temporary teeth. There were examined 232 children at the age of 5 (202 children with musculoskeletal disorders and 30 conditionally healthy children without somatic pathology). Among children with musculoskeletal disorders 68 (33.66%) had flat feet, 59 (29.21%) – postural impairment and 75 (37.13%) – combined pathology of the musculoskeletal sestem. For further research, the children were divided into three groups, 30 people in each. Group І included children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, dental caries, without oxyproline in urine; group ІІ – with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, dental caries and oxyproline in urine; group ІІІ – with dental caries and without oxyproline in urine. Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans using a nephelometric test with cetylpyridinium chloride was determined. The concentration of creatinine in urine was measured in units of weight in the formation of a chromogenic complex of a solution of picric acid with creatinine in an alkaline medium. Dental status was assessed in terms of caries prevalence, deft index and severity of dental caries. The prevalence of caries of temporary teeth in 5-years old children with musculoskeletal disorders was on average 90.6±2.05%, deft index ─ 6.62±0.20, being significantly higher than in children without somatic pathology (respectively 70.83±4.45% and 5.15±0.34, р<0.001). Oxyprolin was detected only in the urine of children with combined pathology of musculoskeletal system (on average 3.53±0.11 units). The excretion rates of glycosaminoglycans in children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, dental caries and oxyproline in urine (gr.ІІ) were two times higher than the reference range (415.37±15,09 CPCh units / 1 g creatinine, р<0.001). In the absence of oxyproline in urine, both in somatically healthy children (gr. ІІІ) and in children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system (gr. І), the levels of excretion of glycosoaminoglycans were within the reference range (respectively 198.83±10.71 and 203.87±12.52 CPCh units / 1 g creatinine. The levels of daily excretion of creatinine were within the normal range in children of gr. ІІІ (1.17±0.13 g/day; in children of gr. І they were 2.85 times lower (0.41±0.05 g/day, p<0.001); in children of gr. ІІ – 6.5 times lower (0.18±0.02 g/day р<0.001). In children of gr. ІІ, a negative correlation was found between the levels of creatinine and oxyproline (τ= -0.68, p<0.05). The absence of oxyproline in the urine of children of gr. І and ІІІ indicates the absence of collagen decay in their bodies. In children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system against the background of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (gr. ІІ), a strong, positive correlation was found between the deft index and levels of urinary excretion of oxyproline (τ= +0.77, p<0.05) and glycosaminoglycans (τ= +0.90, p<0.05), which indicates that the development of dental caries depends on the severity of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system.
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Sevostyanova, O. "Self-control as a personal resource for restoring social activity in patients after endoprosthetics of major joints." Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer), no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2001-07.
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Limitations of the motor sphere as the most severe consequences of diseases of the musculoskeletal system drastically reduce the quality of life. The WHO statistics shows that 80 % of the population, the majority of which are the people of working age, suffer from various diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The proportion of patients of working age who have limitations of the musculoskeletal system increased after the adoption of the law on raising the retirement age, which makes the problem of their treatment and rehabilitation even more important. Great economic damage requires the search for new approaches to repairing a defect of the locomotor system. Total joint replacement is acknowledged effective method of treating patients. However, the results of arthroplasty do not always satisfy the patient and the surgeon. The reason for this is the lack of rehabilitation programs, which have a negative impact on the treatment process. The purpose of this study is to analyze self-control as a personal resource for restoring the social functioning of patients after endoprosthetics of major joints.
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Mykhaylov, B., O. Kudinova, and I. Shestak. "System of combined psychotherapeutic and physical rehabilitation of children with cyber addiction." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (2023): S140—S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.352.
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IntroductionContemporary children practically live in cyberspace, constantly using various devices,and many of them have an addiction that leads to violations of their mental and physical formation.ObjectivesBased on the mental and the physical examination of children suffering on cyber addiction with the sings of clinical manifestations determine the targets and form of ccmbined correctional rehabilitation system.MethodsThe clinical investigation based on psychiatric examination with the narrative motivation interview,psychological examination by Eysenck “extra/introversion”test and physical examination with special attention to the musculoskeletal system.ResultsThe randomized investigation of childhood population was performed.198 children of different age (7 – 14 years old) were examined.72 (36.4%) of them showed significant signs of cyber addiction with a narrowing of interests, a reduction in social ties, and a decrease in school performance. They spent from 3 to 10 hours on gadgets per day.140 (71%) of them, also showed signs of fubbing, that is, the priority of telephone communication over direct communication with the interlocutor.The significant results of Eysenck test examination were following: 126(64%) of them were introverts and 72(36%) of them were extraverts. During the physical examination,91 (46%) of these children had different spine and musculoskeletal disturbances.In the group of addictional children the vast majority of subjects, 87%, have characteristic defects of the musculoskeletal system. The most symptomatic in the diagnosis of cyberaddiction and phubbing of school-age children are: round back, stooping, scoliotic posture and types of lateroflexion.The severity of cyber addiction and the degree of musculoskeletal disorders were inversely proportional. The results served as the basis for the development of a combined system of psycho-physical rehabilitation. The psychotherapy based on CBT according to A. Beck, modified for children’s in concordance with specialized program “Vertebra-Dinamik” to correct defects of the musculoskeletal system. The basis of the corrective “Vertebra-Dinamik” technique includes a comprehensive approach to the use of isometric and statodynamic exercises of moderate intensity with elements of relaxation. Approbation of the developed system showed its high( 80%) and moderate(20%) efficiency.ConclusionsTo successfully overcome cyber addiction and its negative consequences, the most optimal system is the complex application of psychotherapeutic and physical rehabilitation methods.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Morozova, E., Svetlana Artemyeva, E. Zhuravleva, and O. Sherchenkova. "Features of Perception of Own Body by Persons with Health Limitations." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 8, no. 4 (2020): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-912x-2020-45-48.
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According to the World Health Organization, about one fifth of the total number of people with disabilities are people with lesions of the musculoskeletal system, which occurred as a result of various injuries in adulthood. In their psychological essence, they are the cause of a serious and hard-lived non-regulatory crisis of personal development, which requires from her enormous internal efforts to restore optimal interaction with other people and with society as a whole. The defeat of the musculoskeletal system necessarily entails a violation of the morphological and functional characteristics of a person, which also causes a change in his perception of his body. In this regard, the basis for correcting the psychological status of persons with disabilities (HIA) should be to eliminate the distortion of ideas about their body, ensure that they take on their appearance, develop the desire to compensate for physical limitations that have arisen after injury and neutralize feelings of inferiority. Formation of a positive attitude to the perception of the personality of your body is designed to ensure a reduction in the level of depression, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, activation of the life plans of the individual and her ability to overcome life difficulties. Achieving a state of adaptation depends on the resources of the individual himself, who has beco me disabled as a result of physical trauma and on the effectiveness of specially organized psychological influences carried out in the process of implementing trainings aimed at developing a positive attitude towards perception of one’s body. The high efficiency of the complex of trainings was shown: development training of compensatory abilities, “temporary perspective”, art therapy training.
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Karateev, A. E., A. M. Lila, N. V. Zagorodni, and E. Yu Pogozheva. "Damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice: frequency, nature, effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 91, no. 12 (2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2019.12.000377.
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Damage to periarticular soft tissues is a common pathology that causes severe pain and impaired function of the musculoskeletal system. Aim. To determine the frequency, nature and clinical features of damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice, as well as the effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the debut of treatment of this pathology. Materials and methods. During the observational study, the frequency of defeat of the periarticular soft tissues in the structure of visits to 68 outpatient orthopedic surgeons in different cities of Russia for 1 month was estimated. Assessed the nature and dynamics of clinical manifestations during treatment in 1227 patients with defeat of the periarticular soft tissues. NSAIDs, mainly the original meloxicam, were used as a “first line” treatment for damage of the periarticular soft tissues. The results of treatment were evaluated after 10-14 days at a repeat visit of patients. Results. The proportion of patients with damage of the periarticular soft tissues was 15.8% of the total number of people who applied for outpatient care. Among 1227 patients (men 57.5%, average age 51.3±15.5 years) who were observed in the dynamics, prevailed were those with damage of the periarticular soft tissues of the knee joint area (knee joint enthesopathy, prepatellar bursitis, tendonitis/ bursitis of the goose foot area) - 21.2%, feet (plantar fasciitis, calcaneal spur) - 16.9%, shoulder (tendonitis of the muscles of the shoulder rotators) - 16.4% and the elbow (lateral and medial epicondylitis) - 15.3%. During treatment, there was a significant decrease in the total severity of pain - from 6.58±1.61 to 2.48±1.60 points on an 11-point numerical rating scale (p
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Ma, Shang, Adrienne E. Dubin, Luis O. Romero, et al. "Excessive mechanotransduction in sensory neurons causes joint contractures." Science 379, no. 6628 (2023): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.add3598.
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Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is a collection of rare disorders that are characterized by congenital joint contractures. Most DA mutations are in muscle- and joint-related genes, and the anatomical defects originate cell-autonomously within the musculoskeletal system. However, gain-of-function mutations in PIEZO2, a principal mechanosensor in somatosensation, cause DA subtype 5 (DA5) through unknown mechanisms. We show that expression of a gain-of-function PIEZO2 mutation in proprioceptive sensory neurons that mainly innervate muscle spindles and tendons is sufficient to induce DA5-like phenotypes in mice. Overactive PIEZO2 causes anatomical defects through increased activity within the peripheral nervous system during postnatal development. Furthermore, botulinum toxin (Botox) and a dietary fatty acid that modulates PIEZO2 activity reduce DA5-like deficits. This reveals a role for somatosensory neurons: Excessive mechanosensation within these neurons disrupts musculoskeletal development.
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Kelly, D. "BIOFABRICATION AND 3D BIOPRINTING STRATEGIES FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL TISSUE REGENERATION." Orthopaedic Proceedings 106-B, SUPP_1 (2024): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2024.1.128.
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Our musculoskeletal system has a limited capacity for repair. This has led to increased interest in the development of tissue engineering and biofabrication strategies for the regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues such as bone, ligament, tendon, meniscus and articular cartilage. This talk will demonstrate how different musculoskeletal tissues, specifically cartilage, bone and osteochondral defects, can be repaired using emerging biofabrication and 3D bioprinting strategies. This will include examples from our lab where cells and/or growth factors are bioprinted into constructs that can be implanted directly into the body, to approaches where biomimetic tissues are first engineered in vitro before in vivo implantation. The efficacy of these different biofabrication strategies in different preclinical studies will be reviewed, and lessons from the relative successes and failures of these approaches to tissue regeneration will be discussed.
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Al-Musawi, Bassam M., Ali M. Khalid, Nadin A. Kamal, and Maha Z. Muneer. "Congenital Anomalies in Neonates: Findings from Six Baghdad Hospitals." Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad 67, no. 1 (2025): 85–96. https://doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbaghdad2462.
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Background: Birth defects are the leading cause of both neonatal and post-neonatal deaths, as an estimated 240,000 neonates die in their first month of life worldwide each year. In Iraq, local studies have shown varying frequencies and types of congenital anomalies. Objectives: To provide new insight into the incidence and types of congenital anomalies and to explore their possible risk factors in Baghdad City. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 2007 neonates were enrolled from six hospitals in Baghdad during the period extending between September and December 2020. Hospital records and personal interviews were used for data collection. These data included the neonates' demographic and clinical characteristics, maternal, pregnancy, and immediate postnatal conditions. Description of the defects in those with birth defects was recorded from hospital records and as described by the parents. Statistical analysis was performed as required. Results: There were 64 (3.2%) neonates with birth defects, i.e., an incidence of 32/1000 total births (28/1000 live births); of them, 38 (59.4%) were males, 8 (12.5%) were stillborn, 43 (66.2%) were born with a cesarean section, the majority (87.5%) had maternal age between 20 and 40 years, and 35 (54.6%) had a low birth weight and were statistically significant. In addition, reduced fetal movement, prematurity, and not receiving tonics during pregnancy were also statistically significant. Among the 64 births with congenital anomalies, multiple congenital anomalies were the most common defects [26 (40.6%)]. An isolated defect was detected in 38 (57.8%) of them. The predominant system involved was the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) [12 (18.8%)] cases, followed by the central nervous system (CNS) with 11 (17.2%) cases, and the musculoskeletal system (MS) with 6 (9.4%) cases. Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in Baghdad is close to global figures at 28/1000 live births with multiple congenital anomalies, gastro-intestinal, central nervous, and musculoskeletal systems defects being the most frequent, while cardiovascular, genitourinary, and skin defects being the least frequent. Possible risk factors included maternal age, drug intake, and not receiving tonics during pregnancy.
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Reece, Albert Stuart, and Gary Kenneth Hulse. "Cannabis Teratology Explains Current Patterns of Coloradan Congenital Defects: The Contribution of Increased Cannabinoid Exposure to Rising Teratological Trends." Clinical Pediatrics 58, no. 10 (2019): 1085–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922819861281.
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Rising Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations in modern cannabis invites investigation of the teratological implications of prenatal cannabis exposure. Data from Colorado Responds to Children with Special Needs (CRCSN), National Survey of Drug Use and Health, and Drug Enforcement Agency was analyzed. Seven, 40, and 2 defects were rising, flat, and falling, respectively, and 10/12 summary indices rose. Atrial septal defect, spina bifida, microcephalus, Down’s syndrome, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus rose, and along with central nervous system, cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, chromosomal, and musculoskeletal defects rose 5 to 37 times faster than the birth rate (3.3%) to generate an excess of 11 753 (22%) major anomalies. Cannabis was the only drug whose use grew from 2000 to 2014 while pain relievers, cocaine, alcohol, and tobacco did not. The correlation of cannabis use with major defects in 2014 (2019 dataset) was R = .77, P = .0011. Multiple cannabinoids were linked with summary measures of congenital anomalies and were robust to multivariate adjustment.
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Rahman, Jahanara, Nasreen Sultana, and Hosne Ara Begum. "Pattern and risk factors of birth defects among the newborns: A hospital based study." Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital 21, no. 1 (2015): 32–36. https://doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v21i1.77831.
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Introduction :Birth defects are one of the important causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Methods : A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in In-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Dhaka National Medical College Hospital between January 2008 and December 2008. Objectives : The objectives of the study was to determine the frequency of identifiable birth defects, to observe the types of birth defects found among the newborns and to estimate the risk factors present among the parents of birth defect babies. Results : During this study period 2990 deliveries took place. The frequency of birth defect babies was found 2% (n=60). Seventy seven percent of the babies were born at term and 23% of them were born prematurely. Babies were born live and still birth 88.33% and 11.67% respectively. Birth defects were predominant in male (55%) than female (45%) babies. Among the mothers 17%, 32% 38% and 13% were of age <20, (20-25), (26-30) and (31-40) years respectively. Educational status revealed 88% of the mothers and 83% fathers were literate. Thirteen percent of the population came from poor socioeconomic condition. Others were from middle class (54%) and affluent (33%) society. No risk factors were identified in 57% of the population. Diabetes or GDM (15%), no intake of Folic acid and Zinc (13%), maternal age >35 years (7%), maternal infection (3%), history of previous birth defects babies (3%), Consanguineous marriage (2%) was found as risk factors. Most common system involved was musculoskeletal system (35%), followed by genitourinary system (24%), central nervous system (19%), and face (15%). Birth defect was found in cardio-vascular and gastrointestinal system was 3% and 3% respectively. Functional defect (Down’s syndrome) was found as 2% J.Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (01): 32-37
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Hicham, Sallahi, and Arabi Hafid. "A Noble Structure of the Musculoskeletal System in Various Surgeries: The Fascia Lata." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 08 (2023): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i08.003.
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Objective: The objective of this work is to list the surgeries using the fascia lata. Background: The fascia lata finds a place in decayed tissues. The indications are getting wider and wider. Method: We used the PubMed database with the following words: fascia lata, ilio-tibial band, fascia lata and surgery, ilio-tibial band and surgery, fascia lata and reconstruction, ilio-tibial band and reconstruction. Results: Fascia lata is used in the reconstruction of anatomical defects. Specifically, it is used in: Hip to supplement abduction- Shoulder in glenohumeral instability, repair of the cap- Hand and fingers to reconstruct tendons- Eyes: for palpebral ptosis and scleritis - Base of the skull to reconstruct defects- Central nervous system: cerebral dura mater and Cerebrospinal Fluid leak- Otorhinolaryngology: thyroplasty, parotid surgery, rhinoplasty, tympanoplasty- Digestive tract- Tendons: Achilles, patellar, fibular, patellar, patellar, bicipital brachial and crural tendons - Ligaments: anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, inguinal and retinaculum patellar - Perineum and penis reconstruction - Urology: Genital prolapse, fistulas and penile reconstruction - Abdominal incisional hernias - Breast reconstruction - Eschar - Thorax - Encology. Finally, in experimentation, the fascia lata is tested on cadavers, animals and in vitro. Conclusion: Because of the particular properties of fascia lata in reconstruction, it renders an enormous service to surgery. The development of techniques in surgery would allow its use in other indications.
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Alymbaev, E., G. Zhumagulova, and G. Kozhonazarova. "Congenital Heart Defects as One of the Causes of Perinatal Mortality." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 10 (2024): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/107/14.
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Congenital malformations are one of the most common causes of infant mortality and disability in children, and congenital heart defects (CHD) occupy a leading place in the structure of all developmental anomalies. The article presents data from a retrospective analysis of charts of children who died from complex congenital heart defects and congenital heart defects in combination with multiple developmental defects. An analysis of the pathological examination cards of 102 children from 0 to 2 years old who died in maternity hospitals and children's hospitals in Bishkek was carried out. The selection of autopsy cards of children was carried out on the basis of the Republican Pathological Bureau. As a result of pathological studies, changes in the heart and lungs were revealed. At the maternity hospital stage, out of 102 children with severe congenital heart defects, 70 newborns died, which averaged 68.6%. Among congenital heart defects, heart defects with aortopulmonary shunting with pulmonary hypertension predominated — in 45 children (44%), in particular, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, then ductus-dependent heart defects were diagnosed in 25 children (24.5%), which included Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great vessels. 23.5% of children had multiple congenital malformations: in all cases, congenital heart disease was recorded in combination with several malformations, such as an anomaly of the musculoskeletal system with craniofacial dimorphism, anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system, and an anomaly of the lungs. The most common association of congenital heart disease with defects of other organs and systems was observed in cases of ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus.
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Voronin, S. V. "Prevalence and features of polymorbidity of servicemen of different age groups according to the results of their medical examination to determine the category of fitness for military service." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 1 (2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma25965.
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The prevalence of polymorbidity and its features in military personnel of various age groups was studied. It has been established that polymorbidity during medical examinations of military personnel occurs in all age groups, increasing with age. For each age group of military personnel, its characteristic polymorbidity models are formed. So, in the age group up to 35 years, polymorbidity occurs in one third of the examined and is characterized by both functional disorders of the circulatory system and digestive organs, and the presence of organic pathology of the circulatory system (congenital malformations (developmental defects), mitral and other valve prolapse), digestive organs (chronic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease) and the musculoskeletal system (flat feet, dorsopathies). At the age of 35 to 45 years, polymorbidity occurs in93,5% of those examined and is characterized by the presence of a cardiac and gastroenteric component in all polymorbidity models, in 80% of the models - the musculoskeletal component, in 60% - the metabolic component, in 40% - the endocrine component. Polymorbidity occurs in 97,5% of those examined over the age of 46 years and is characterized by the presence in all models of polymorbidity of the cardiac, cerebrovascular and musculoskeletal component, in 75% of the models - the metabolic component, in 50% - the endocrine component.
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Pavlyuchenko, А. К. "CHANGES OF EYE AT ANKYLOSING SPONDYLARTHRITIS." Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) 13, no. 3-4 (2017): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.3-4.2017.07.
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Relevance. At present, all variants of changes in the eye in case of ankylosing spondylitis have not been determined, their relationship to the musculoskeletal system has not been studied, the degree of influence of certain eye diseases on the clinical and X-ray manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis and their prognostic significance remains unknown.
 Objective. The purpose: to study different variants of changes in the eye in case of ankylosing spondylitis, their relationship to the defeat of the musculoskeletal system, the degree of influence of certain eye diseases on the clinical and X-ray manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis and their prognostic significance.
 Materials and methods. 79 patients with AS (75 men and 4 women) aged 15 to 66 years were under observation. The quartiles of the disease duration were 3.9 ÷ 18.8 years, median 11.4 years. The Richie index was 7.0 ± 4.22 points, the Lansbury index - 37.3 ± 28.45 points, the index of arthritis progression - 0.6 ± 1.56 p.u. Patients underwent x-ray and ultrasound examination of peripheral joints, sacroiliac joints and spine, as well as dual-energy X-ray osteodensitometry of the proximal femur. The following X-ray indices were assessed: peripheral metacarpal, Barnett-Nordin, Rokhlin, disc and concavity. In addition, electrocardiography, echocardiography and spirography were performed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out with the help of computer variational, correlation, nonparametric, one- and multifactorial variance analysis. Mean values and average quadratic deviations, correlation coefficients, dispersion criteria, Student’s test, Wilcoxon-Rao, McNemara-Fisher and reliability of statistical indicators were evaluated.
 Results. Changes in the organ of vision in a cases of ankylosing spondylitis are diagnosed in 29% of the number of examined patients in the ratio of uveitis-scleritis-cataract-keratitis-glaucoma-conjunctivitis as 7: 5: 2: 2: 2: 1, and, eye diseases determine the degree of activity of the disease and the rate of progression of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system, as well as the severity of arthritis based on data of Richie and Lansbury indices, significantly affects the integral signs of the course of the joint syndrome, the incidence of sternocleid, metacarpophalangeal and ulnar articulations, the degree of narrowing of articular fissures, subchondral sclerosis and osteo cystosis, the development of osteo usuration and epiphyseal osteoporosis, pathology of the skin (uveitis, keratitis, glaucoma, cataracts), kidneys (keratitis, glaucoma, conjunctivitis) and the heart (scleritis).
 Conclusions. Practical significance can be found in the lesion of the sternoclavicular joints as a risk factor for the development of lesions in the organ of vision, the presence of osteo usurations - as a risk factor for severe inflammation of the choroid of the eye, involvement in the process of wrist and elbow joints - as a predictor of the peripheral variant of uveitis.
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Avdeychik, Natalia V., Sergey I. Golyana, Denis Yu Grankin, Andrey V. Safonov, Tatyana I. Tikhonenko, and Natalia S. Galkina. "Possibilities of using microsurgical autotransplantation of tissue complexes in children." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 8, no. 4 (2021): 437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors17896.
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Background. Applications of traditional treatment methods in children with congenital and acquired pathology of the musculoskeletal system are often limited, as wound defects of significant area and depth with a soft tissue and bone deficit may occur during the reconstruction of the segment. Microsurgical techniques, including autotransplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes, make it possible to realize the aims of musculoskeletal segment reconstruction and reduce surgical treatment time.
 Aim. This study aimed to perform a retrospective (statistical) analysis of using microsurgical autotransplantation of tissue complexes in children.
 Materials and methods. Treatment outcomes of 871 patients with congenital and development deformities of the musculoskeletal system who underwent 1048 microsurgical autotransplantations of various tissue complexes in 19842018 were analyzed. Complications associated with impaired blood supply to transplanted autografts, requiring revision microsurgical interventions, were also statistically processed.
 Results. The mean patient age was 5.8 years (range, 10 months to 17 years). In children with congenital pathology (n = 597), transplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes in 85.9% of the cases was performed in cases with hand deformities. In 285 cases of acquired deformities, post-traumatic finger stumps accounted for 45.5%, scar changes of soft tissues for 39.6%, and other pathological conditions for 14.9%. Most of the microsurgical operations were toe-to-hand transfers, which accounted for 81.8% of the total number of surgeries. In 79.4% of the cases, the second toe was used for the toe-to-hand transfer. Accordingly, the remaining toes were transferred in 20.6% of the cases. When replacing soft tissue defects, a thoracodorsal flap was used in 84 cases, which was 5.6% (of the total number of autotransplantations), and a groin flap was used in 22 patients. To replace bone defects, a blood-supplied fibula graft was used in 47 patients and a metatarsal bone graft in 41 children. Circulatory disorders in the postoperative period were noted in 5.9% of the total operations, which in 3.1% of cases resulted in the necrosis of the transplanted autograft.
 Conclusion. The treatment outcomes of using microsurgical autotransplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes in the reconstruction of tissues and segments of the musculoskeletal system confirm their high efficacy.
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Avdeychik, Natalia V., Sergey I. Golyana, Denis Yu Grankin, Andrey V. Safonov, Tatyana I. Tikhonenko, and Natalia S. Galkina. "Possibilities of using microsurgical autotransplantation of tissue complexes in children." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 8, no. 4 (2021): 437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors17896.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Applications of traditional treatment methods in children with congenital and acquired pathology of the musculoskeletal system are often limited, as wound defects of significant area and depth with a soft tissue and bone deficit may occur during the reconstruction of the segment. Microsurgical techniques, including autotransplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes, make it possible to realize the aims of musculoskeletal segment reconstruction and reduce surgical treatment time.
 Aim. This study aimed to perform a retrospective (statistical) analysis of using microsurgical autotransplantation of tissue complexes in children.
 Materials and methods. Treatment outcomes of 871 patients with congenital and development deformities of the musculoskeletal system who underwent 1048 microsurgical autotransplantations of various tissue complexes in 19842018 were analyzed. Complications associated with impaired blood supply to transplanted autografts, requiring revision microsurgical interventions, were also statistically processed.
 Results. The mean patient age was 5.8 years (range, 10 months to 17 years). In children with congenital pathology (n = 597), transplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes in 85.9% of the cases was performed in cases with hand deformities. In 285 cases of acquired deformities, post-traumatic finger stumps accounted for 45.5%, scar changes of soft tissues for 39.6%, and other pathological conditions for 14.9%. Most of the microsurgical operations were toe-to-hand transfers, which accounted for 81.8% of the total number of surgeries. In 79.4% of the cases, the second toe was used for the toe-to-hand transfer. Accordingly, the remaining toes were transferred in 20.6% of the cases. When replacing soft tissue defects, a thoracodorsal flap was used in 84 cases, which was 5.6% (of the total number of autotransplantations), and a groin flap was used in 22 patients. To replace bone defects, a blood-supplied fibula graft was used in 47 patients and a metatarsal bone graft in 41 children. Circulatory disorders in the postoperative period were noted in 5.9% of the total operations, which in 3.1% of cases resulted in the necrosis of the transplanted autograft.
 Conclusion. The treatment outcomes of using microsurgical autotransplantation of blood-supplied tissue complexes in the reconstruction of tissues and segments of the musculoskeletal system confirm their high efficacy.
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Aryal, S., K. Panthee, and K. Neupane. "Clinical Study on Congenital Birth Defects in a Tertiary Hospital, Western Nepal." Devdaha Medical Journal 5, no. 2 (2023): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dmj.v5i2.69795.
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Introduction: Congenital Birth Defect (CBD) is one of the commonly encountered problems in neonatal period and major birth defects contribute significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Minor anomalies are frequently seen in newborn which are not detrimental to health but may be associated with major defects serving as a clue for diagnosing more serious underlying defect. Our purpose of study is to determine burden of CBDs, clinical profile and outcome of those neonates born with CBDs admitted in Neonatal Intensive care Unit (NICU) and Obstetric Unit of Devdaha Medical College. Methods: A hospital based prospective study was performed from 1st Feb 2023 to 30th Sept 2023. All live newborns were screened for birth defect and clinical examination was done every day till discharge. All newborn with CBDs fulfilling the inclusion criteria were taken for study. Maternal characteristics like age, parity, mode of delivery, comorbidities and risk factors were noted. Newborn characteristic like sex, week of gestation, birth weight along with co morbidities (like neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia) and outcome were noted. Data obtained were coded and entered in SPSS (version 24) for analysis. Results: The incidence of CBDs was 6.53% with incidence of major defect being 2.5% and minor defect4%. Among all defects, skin anomaly was the commonest defect (30.6%) observed. Among the major defects, musculoskeletal system was the commonest. More than 50% of such babies were born via caesarean section and 1/3rd had low birth weight and nearly 80% were term babies. Among the babies with CBDs, 40% babies had various comorbidities like Neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia requiring NICU admission and 8% of babies with CBD were referred for surgical correction and 1 (2%) expired. Conclusion: Congenital malformation is one of the commonly encountered cases (6.53%) among which minor anomaly is more predominant (61.22%) with more than 80% having good neonatal outcome.
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Ma, S., A. Dubin, L. Romero, et al. "THE ROLE OF MECHANOSENSORY NEURONS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES." Orthopaedic Proceedings 106-B, SUPP_1 (2024): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2024.1.071.
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Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is a collection of rare developmental disorders characterized by congenital joint contractures. Most arthrogryposis mutations are in muscle- and joint-related genes, and the anatomical defects originate cell-autonomously within the musculoskeletal tissues. However, gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PIEZO2, a principal mechanosensor in somatosensation, cause DA subtype 5 via unknown mechanisms. We show that expression of a GOF PIEZO2 mutation in proprioceptive sensory neurons mainly innervating muscle spindles and tendons is sufficient to induce DA5-like phenotypes in mice. Overactive PIEZO2 causes anatomical defects via increased activity within the peripheral nervous system during postnatal development. Surprisingly, overactive PIEZO2 is likely to cause joint abnormalities via increased exocytosis from sensory neuron endings without involving motor circuitry. This reveals a role for somatosensory neurons: excessive mechanosensation within these neurons disrupts musculoskeletal development. We also present proof-of-concept that Botox injection or dietary treatment can counteract the effect of overactive PIEZO2 function to evade DA-like phenotypes in mice when applied during a developmental critical period. These approaches might have clinical applications. Beyond this, our findings call attention to the importance of considering sensory mechanotransduction when diagnosing and treating other musculoskeletal disorders.Acknowledgements: Our work is supported by National Institutes of Health grant (R35 NS105067, R01 DE022358, R25 SC3GM127195, R25 GM07138, R01GM133845, intramural) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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Mullenix, Cristina, Madison Ballman, Haobin Chen, et al. "Joint-Predominant Rheumatic Complications of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Patients with Thymic Epithelial Tumors." Oncologist 27, no. 4 (2022): e353-e356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyac026.
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Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of advanced cancers. However, activation of the immune system can occasionally cause life-threatening toxicity involving critical organs. Induction of immune-mediated toxicity is a significant concern for patients with thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) due to defects in immune tolerance. An increased risk of skeletal and cardiac muscle inflammation following treatment with ICIs is well recognized in patients with advanced TETs. However, uncommon musculoskeletal and rheumatic complications can also occur. The cases presented in this report highlight the spectrum of presentation of immune-mediated, joint-predominant musculoskeletal adverse events in patients with advanced TETs treated with ICIs, including polymyalgia rheumatica-like illness and inflammatory arthritis.
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Romeo, Domenico M., Alessandro Specchia, Alfonso Fasano, et al. "Treatment of Dystonia Using Trihexyphenidyl in Costello Syndrome." Brain Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070450.
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Costello syndrome (CS), a rare syndrome with multisystemic involvement inherited as a dominant trait, is characterized by developmental delay, coarse facial appearance, cardiac defects including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, skin abnormalities, brain complications, and a predisposition to certain malignancies. The musculoskeletal system is particularly affected in CS, with peculiar orthopedic anomalies that impact posture and gait. Dystonia has been recently documented to contribute to abnormal postures and musculoskeletal anomalies characterizing CS, suggesting the possible use of pharmacological treatments to treat these complications. We report the case of a child affected by CS displaying a particularly severe musculoskeletal involvement with dystonic posture especially in the arms and legs. The Movement Disorder-Childhood Rating Scale (MD-CRS) and a gait analysis were used to assess clinical patterns of hyperkinetic movement disorder and dystonia. The child was further treated with trihexyphenidyl for six months with a final dosage of 14 mg. MD-CRS and gait analysis assessments provided evidence for a significant improvement of posture and the related musculoskeletal problems with no side effects. Our preliminary study report provides first evidence that pharmacological anti-dystonia treatment significantly improves movement and posture disorders in patients with CS. Further studies enrolling larger cohorts of patients should be performed to validate these preliminary observations.
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Umer, Masood, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Irfan Qadir, et al. "Autoclaved Tumor Bone for Skeletal Reconstruction in Paediatric Patients: A Low Cost Alternative in Developing Countries." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698461.
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We reviewed in this series forty patients of pediatric age who underwent resection for malignant tumors of musculoskeletal system followed by biological reconstruction. Our surgical procedure for reconstruction included (1) wide en bloc resection of the tumor; (2) curettage of tumor from the resected bone; (3) autoclaving for 8 minutes (4) bone grafting from the fibula (both vascularized and nonvascularized fibular grafts used); (5) reimplantation of the autoclaved bone into the host bone defect and fixation with plates. Functional evaluation was done using MSTS scoring system. At final followup of at least 18 months (mean 29.2 months), 31 patients had recovered without any complications. Thirty-eight patients successfully achieved a solid bony union between the graft and recipient bone. Three patients had surgical site infection. They were managed with wound debridement and flap coverage of the defect. Local recurrence and nonunion occurred in two patients each. One patient underwent disarticulation at hip due to extensive local disease and one died of metastasis. For patients with non-union, revision procedure with bone graft and compression plates was successfully used. The use of autoclaved tumor grafts provides a limb salvage option that is inexpensive and independent of external resources and is a viable option for musculoskeletal tumor management in developing countries.
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Lukianchyk, S. M., I. V. Chelpanova, O. O. Adamovych, et al. "Analysis of the frequency of manifestation of isolated and combined developmental defects of the musculoskeletal system of primery school-aged children." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 1(137) (February 28, 2024): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2024.137.52.
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Over the past few decades, there has been a significant decrease in the number of healthy children, while the number of children with chronic illnesses, developmental disorders, various forms of postural issues, and scoliosis has significantly increased. Purpose - to determine the frequency of manifestation of developmental abnormalities in the spine, chest, foot, and lower jaw, as well as detection of variations and characteristics of their combinations in younger school children to develop new and improve existing criteria for early diagnosis of musculoskeletal development disorders and the correct selection of methods for their correction. Materials and methods. In order to conduct the study as part of preventive check-ups with parental informed consent, 200 children (100 boys and 100 girls) aged 6-9 years were examined. The working group was formed using the randomization method. The groups of boys and girls were further divided into 4 age groups, (6 years, 7 years, 8 years and 9 years) each consisting of 25 children. We determined the shape of the chest , the symmetry of processus mastoideus, claviculae and fossa supraclaviculare, scapulae, cristae illiacae, maleolus medialis, the condition of the foot arch and the lower jaw development. Results. Among the total number of examined children, isolated or combined variations of the following developmental abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system were found in 21.5% of cases. Isolated developmental abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system were found in 10% of examined boys and 8% of examined girls. Various combinations of detected abnormalities were found to manifest in 13% of boys and 12% of girls. Thoracic scoliosis is present in 16% of boys and 14% of girls; developmental issues of the lower jaw affect 9% of boys and 8% of girls, scoliosis of the cervical spine affects 4% of boys and 3% of girls; 6% of boys and 5% of girls have chest deformities and lumbar spine scoliosis. Conclusions. Developmental musculoskeletal abnormalities were found in 21.5% of children of. The frequency of combined developmental abnormalities increases with age. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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Barna, Miloš, Jana Čepová, Kateřina Dunovská, et al. "Chemiluminescent and Photometric Analysis of Matrix Gla Protein from Patients with a Defect of Musculoskeletal System." Chemické listy 117, no. 11 (2023): 694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.54779/chl20230694.
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Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a circulating protein with a low molecular weight that acts as a natural inhibitor of calcification. It belongs to the group of vitamin K‑dependent proteins. For its proper function, MGP must undergo vitamin K-dependent carboxylation and phosphorylation. Its main function is the prevention of soft-tissue calcification. It requires vitamin K2 as a cofactor for gamma glutamyl carboxylase. Vitamin K insufficiency is manifested by cardiovascular diseases, insufficient mineralization of bone tissue and the formation of calcifying deposits in soft tissues. The aim of this study was to design methods for monitoring the levels of MGP and dp-uc MGP by using immunochemical detection and to apply them to the analysis of real samples for use in clinical laboratories. These markers could serve as potential markers of the severity of joint diseases, cardiovascular diseases and also as markers indicating the status of vitamin K in organism.
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DZIKOWSKI, ANDRZEJ, and JÓZEF SZAREK. "Physical latent defects of the musculoskeletal system of dogs: The scope of the veterinary expert assessment under current legal definitions in consumer sales. A case study." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 81, no. 4 (2025): 193–98. https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6997.
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In this case study, two veterinary expert opinions on latent physical defects of dogs sold were analysed. In both cases, a veterinarian was appointed as a court expert, primarily to determine whether a given animal had a disease and when it developed. However, the tasks of the veterinary expert were not limited to this. Case study analysis combined with legal analysis offerred a broader perspective on the sale of dogs in which the buyer is a consumer and the seller is a professional breeder. The study revealed defects understood as physical pathologies and deviations from the state of health of the dogs, as well as other types of physical defects within the current legal definition of a physical defect.
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Aghyppo, Oleksandr, Irina Pomeshchikova, Ludmila Filenko, Vladlena Pasko, Romana Sirenko, and Oleksandr Poproshaiev. "The Effect of Physical Exercises and Ball Games on the Static Balance of Students with Musculoskeletal Disorders." Sport Mont 19, no. 3 (2021): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26773/smj.211020.
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This research aims to detect the effect of using exercises and ball games in physical education on the stat- ic balance of students with musculoskeletal disorders. The research involved 40 secondary school students aged 16-19, who were divided into two groups. Students have disabilities with mild and average forms of illness. The level of static balance was determined by the indicators of a modified Romberg test, which was carried out at the beginning and the end of the training lesson. The research was carried out for 18 months. It was established that the indicators of students of two groups, both at the beginning and at the end of the physical education lesson, improved. At the beginning of the lesson, a reliable change is traced only in the group of students with congenital defects of the musculoskeletal system (p<0.05); at the end of the lesson, balance indicators significantly improved in both groups (p<0.05). It was found that the developed system of exercises and ball games in which it was necessary to keep a set initial position, not due to different actions with the ball, is an effective means of improving balance. Exercising and playing with the ball reliably (at the level of significance α=0.05) increases the chance of students to improve static balance indicators, which can improve the quality of motor actions in everyday life. The inclusion of specially selected exercises and ball games in physical education classes for students with musculoskeletal defects related to the success of meeting the requirements of Romberg’s test is statistically confirmed.
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Shipova, Natalia S. "Personal characteristics and internal picture of the defect in disabled adults." Vestnik of Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics 27, no. 2 (2021): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2073-1426-2021-27-2-128-134.
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The presented article describes the results of the study of the components of the internal picture of the defect and their relationship with personality traits in adults with deficient dysontogeny type (respondents with visual impairment, speech impairment, musculoskeletal system impairment, hearing impairment). At the theoretical level, an analysis of the possibilities of a defect to determine violations of personal development and personal changes is presented. We noted a greater number of connections in the group of people with visual impairments, and the least in the group of people with severe speech impairments. As a result of empirical analysis, correlations of personality traits and components of the internal picture of a defect in respondents of various nosological groups were revealed, and the influence of personality traits on the folding of structure of internal picture of the defect as a whole was determined. As a result of regression analysis, the influence of spontaneity and sensitivity on the physical and sensitive components in the group of persons with musculoskeletal disorders was revealed; anxiety on the physical and sensitive component of internal picture of the defect in the group of people with visual impairment. When considering the influence of personal characteristics on the components of the internal picture of the defect without reference to nosological groups, the main influence of spontaneity was revealed.
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Kimura, Wataru, Masashi Machii, XiaoDong Xue, et al. "Irxl1 mutant mice show reduced tendon differentiation and no patterning defects in musculoskeletal system development." genesis 49, no. 1 (2010): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.20688.
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Voloshyn, O. I., O. V. Glubochenko, I. V. Pankiv, V. G. Glubochenko, and I. V. Prysiazhniuk. "Rheumatic manifestations of thyroid pathology. Literature review." Clinical Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery, no. 1 (April 6, 2022): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/cees-2022-1-57.
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Thyroid disease can be accompanied by a variety of rheumatic manifestations, ranging from early growth defects during infancy to adult manifestations such as arthralgias, myalgias, myopathy, acropachy, arthritis, osteoporosis. Objective — to provide a summarizing current literature on the analysis of a variety of musculoskeletal disorders in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and possible mechanisms that explain this connection. Materials and methods. The authors conducted a systematic literature search for relevant Englishlanguage publications published between June 2011 and October 2021 in MedLine, PubMed, and Google Scholar. A variety of rheumatic manifestations in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism include: arthropathy, myopathy, adhesive shoulder capsulitis, thyroid acropachy, tunnel (carpal) syndrome, Raynaud’s phenomenon, Hoffman’s syndrome, osteoporosis. Thyroid diseases commonly cause musculoskeletal complaints and may even present with rheumatic syndromes before the nature of the underlying endocrinopathy is apparent. On occasion, thyroid disorders can mimic some rheumatic diseases and leading to diagnostic errors. On the other hand, thyroid disorders can coexist with rheumatic diseases as well as rheumatic symptoms and findings. Musculoskeletal complaints can be related to unidentified and untreated thyroid diseases. However, it is important to keep in mind that the therapy for these diseases might lead to myopathies. As a result, internists, endocrinologists, and rheumatologists should be well-versed in recognizing how thyroid illnesses influence the musculoskeletal system and must be aware of these correlations to ensure that the associated condition is not missed, or the diagnosis is not delayed. This will aid in avoiding diagnostic mistakes and provide early suspicion of thyroid pathology and correct treatment. Keywords: rheumatic manifestations, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid pathology, musculoskeletal syndrome.
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Samoshkin, Igor I., and Ilya F. Vilkovysky. "Correction of long bone deformities in dogs. Veterinary methodology CORA. Basic principles." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 2, no. 123 (2024): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202402004.
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Deformities of the long bones of the limbs in dogs are a common pathology of the musculoskeletal system in dogs, have a pronounced functional and cosmetic defect and require complex surgical treatment. Diagnosis of deformities and planning their treatment is an integral part of successful treatment of curvatures of the limb bones. This work represents an extrapolation into veterinary orthopedic practice of the CORA medical methodology, modified and expanded to take into account species differences between humans and dogs.
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Kuo, Tom K., Jennifer H. Ho, and Oscar K. Lee. "Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Nonmusculoskeletal Diseases: Emerging Applications." Cell Transplantation 18, no. 9 (2009): 1013–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368909x471206.
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Mesenchymal stem cells are stem/progenitor cells originated from the mesoderm and can different into multiple cell types of the musculoskeletal system. The vast differentiation potential and the relative ease for culture expansion have established mesenchymal stem cells as the building blocks in cell therapy and tissue engineering applications for a variety of musculoskeletal diseases, including repair of fractures and bone defects, cartilage regeneration, treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and correction of genetic diseases such as osteogenesis imperfect. However, research in the past decade has revealed differentiation potentials of mesenchymal stem cells beyond lineages of the mesoderm, suggesting broader applications than originally perceived. In this article, we review the recent developments in mesenchymal stem cell research with respect to their emerging properties and applications in nonmusculoskeletal diseases.
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Ponyrko, A. O. "THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC HYPERGLYCEMIA ON THE STATE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 1 (2021): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.1.184.
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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that today has become a threatening problem for human health. Its prevalence has been constantly increasing throughout the world over the past decades. Diabetes mellitus is regarded as an incurable metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, which is caused by defects in insulin secretion. This disease annually affects almost 3% of the total population of the planet. Chronic hyperglycemia causes dysfunction of various organs of the body, such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, and nerves. The most common complications of diabetes include lesions of the vessels of the eye, kidneys, lower limbs and nervous system. A high level of glucose in the blood causes the development of a wide range of pathological disorders, which affect bones as well. Recent studies have shown that diseases of the skeletal system are often observed in diabetes mellitus. Speaking about the effect of hyperglycemia on bones, the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis should be noted. In this regard, an important area of research is to study changes in the bone tissue in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the mechanisms that lead to disruption of bone structure and metabolism. The article highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms of hyperglycemia action in type 1 diabetes that explains complex disorders of the organs of the musculoskeletal system. The detrimental effect of hyperglycemia results in marked degenerative changes in bone cells. The pathogenic effect of hyperglycemia on bone tissue is manifested in a decrease in bone mineral density that is due to the lack of insulin and, as a consequence, significant metabolic disorders, a decrease in bone mass, inhibition of bone tissue formation, a significant decrease in the trace element composition of bone. The combination of these factors creates the appropriate pathomorphological basis for the development of diabetic osteopathy. The article highlights the mechanism of action of hyperglycemia on skeletal system in order to stimulate to a more detailed investigation of diabetes mellitus in experimental animals.
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Fan, Jingzhi, Keyvan Abedi-Dorcheh, Asma Sadat Vaziri, et al. "A Review of Recent Advances in Natural Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering." Polymers 14, no. 10 (2022): 2097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102097.
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The musculoskeletal (MS) system consists of bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, and skeletal muscle, which forms the basic framework of the human body. This system plays a vital role in appropriate body functions, including movement, the protection of internal organs, support, hematopoiesis, and postural stability. Therefore, it is understandable that the damage or loss of MS tissues significantly reduces the quality of life and limits mobility. Tissue engineering and its applications in the healthcare industry have been rapidly growing over the past few decades. Tissue engineering has made significant contributions toward developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of MS defects and relevant disease. Among various biomaterials used for tissue engineering, natural polymers offer superior properties that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological function. Natural polymers have similarity with the native ECM, including enzymatic degradation, bio-resorb and non-toxic degradation products, ability to conjugate with various agents, and high chemical versatility, biocompatibility, and bioactivity that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological functions. This review summarizes recent advances in applying natural-based scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
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Choi, E. G. "‘Long Covid’ (post-covid syndrome): Mechanism of occurrence, diagnosis and rehabilitation." Medical alphabet, no. 41 (January 9, 2022): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-41-20-26.
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The article is devoted to the study of an urgent problem of modern humanity – the fight against a pandemic caused by a new coronavirus infection, namely: the study of the mechanism of development of ‘long Covid’ (post-covid syndrome), a new clinical and laboratory method of its diagnosis, issues of drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients who have suffered COVID‑19. The paper describes the etiopathogenesis of post-covid syndrome (PS), the distinctive features of which are the defeat of the cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, immune systems of the body, ENT organs and musculoskeletal system. For the diagnosis of post-covid syndrome, a monochrome nanoparticle analyzer (MAN) has been tested for the first time in the Russian Federation, which allows determining pathophysiological shifts in the homeostasis system. It was found that the MAN method has a sufficiently high diagnostic sensitivity (78%), and shifts in the homeostasis system in post-covid syndrome are statistically significant (p < 0.001). A fundamentally important point of this study is that an algorithm has been developed for noninvasive diagnosis of PS by saliva (oropharyngeal flushes), based on the detection of a high contribution to the scattering of laser radiation in the mid-frequency range of the spectrum on nanoparticles ranging in size from 119 to 121 nm. The article also pays special attention to medicinal and non-medicinal methods of treatment of patients with ‘long Covid’ experiencing the consequences of a new coronavirus infection. It has been established that the best effect is provided by complex treatment combining methods of the traditional European school (drug therapy with the use of cardiovascular drugs, nootropic agents, chondroprotectors, vitamins and mineral complexes, hormones, hepatoprotectors, biostimulants, sedatives and anti-inflammatory drugs and other drugs) and non-drug methods of restorative treatment practiced by Oriental medicine (acupuncture, hirudotherapy, massage, osteopathy, etc.).
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Marshall, Elizabeth G., Lenore J. Gensburg, Debra A. Deres, Nanette S. Geary, and Michael R. Cayo. "Maternal Residential Exposure to Hazardous Wastes and Risk of Central Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Birth Defects." Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 52, no. 6 (1997): 416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00039899709602220.
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