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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Defects in solids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Briddon, Patrick Roy. "Defects in solids : an ab initio study." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253562.

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2

Hudson, Thomas. "Stability and regularity of defects in crystalline solids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:48ab1e44-f81a-4de0-b380-6fb0411bf1a9.

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This thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of models describing the energy of defects in crystalline solids via variational methods. The first part of this work studies a discrete model describing the energy of a point defect in a one dimensional chain of atoms. We derive an expansion of the ground state energy using Gamma-convergence, following previous work on similar models [BDMG99,BC07,SSZ11]. The main novelty here is an explicit characterisation of the first order limit as the solution of a variational problem in an infinite lattice. Analysing this variational problem, we prove a

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3

Breuer, Stephen John. "A first principles study of defects in diamond." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238750.

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4

Allsopp, Richard Antony. "Electron spin resonance studies of magnetic defects in solids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253301.

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5

Agnew, Paul. "The production of point defects in solids by radiation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ae24c681-07eb-4b04-bb22-057b77db935e.

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A number of different aspects of Frenkel defect production are discussed in this thesis. Experiments have been performed to characterise the response of sapphire to radiation and to determine the stability, with respect to temperature and subsequent ionising radiation, of the oxygen vacancies produced. The displacement threshold of the aluminium ion has been determined by irradiating with electrons and comparing measured concentrations of the V centre with theoretical values, and evidence is presented for the stability of the F<sup>2+</sup> centre at liquid helium temperatures. The efficiency

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6

Hussein, Salah A.-R. Ahmed. "Characterisation of planar defects in solids using ultrasonic pulse echo techniques." Thesis, City University London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389705.

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7

Chiang, Chang-Yang. "Electron microscopic studies of crystal growth and defects in inorganic solids." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12026.

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8

Jain, Deepak. "An ab initio study of defects in solids using parallel computational methods." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360240.

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9

Swaminathan, Narasimhan. "Stress-defect transport interactions in ionic solids." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28273.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.<br>Committee Chair: Qu, Jianmin; Committee Member: Kohl,Paul A.; Committee Member: Liu, Meilin; Committee Member: McDowell, David L.; Committee Member: Zhu, Ting.

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10

Davis, Sergio. "Atomistic Computer Simulations of Melting, Diffusion and Thermal Defects in High Pressure Solids." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad materialfysik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11027.

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The present work describes the use of atomistic computer simulations in the area of Condensed Matter Physics, and speci cally its application to the study of two problems: the dynamics of the melting phase transition and the properties of materials at extremely high pressures and temperatures, problems which defy experimental measurements and purely analytical calculations. A good sampling of techniques including classical and rst-principles Molecular Dynamics, and Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation have been applied in this study. It includes the calculation of melting curves for a wide range

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11

Yang, Chunhui, and 楊春暉. "Numerical and experimental damage analysis of elastic bodies containing defects." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124385X.

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12

Gilbert, Mark R. "BCC metals in extreme environments : modelling the structure and evolution of defects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d972d28d-5d2d-4392-8cf5-fc5728dc74f6.

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Designing materials for fusion applications is a very challenging problem, requiring detailed understanding of the behaviour of materials under the kinds of extreme conditions expected in a fusion environment. During the lifetime of fusion-reactor components, materials will be subjected to high levels of neutron irradiation, but must still perform effectively at high operating temperatures and under significant loading conditions. Body-centred cubic (bcc) transition metals are some of the most promising candidates for structural materials in fusion because of their relatively high density, whi

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13

Yukihara, Eduardo Gardenali. "Desvendando a cor e a termoluminescência do topázio: um estudo dos defeitos e processos termicamente e opticamente estimulados no cristal natural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-16012012-102949/.

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O topázio [Al2SiO4(F,OH)2] é mais freqüentemente encontrado na natureza na forma incolor, a partir do qual gemas azuis vêm sendo produzidas comercialmente através da aplicação de radiação ionizante seguida de tratamentos térmicos. O topázio também exibe termoluminescência (ou luminescência termicamente estimulada) relativamente intensa, que é a luz emitida por cristais previamente irradiados durante o aquecimento e representa a base para a aplicação de muitos cristais naturais e artificiais em dosimetria e datação. Nos últimos quarenta anos, um período de intenso estudo de vários materiais ter

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14

Schmechel, Roland. "Einfluß von Strukturstörungen auf die optischen und elektronischen Eigenschaften von borreichen Festkörpern mit Ikosaederstruktur - Influence of structure defects on optical and electronic properties of icosahedral boron rich solids." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-06012001-114802/.

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Boron and boron rich solids are known to have a high concentration on intrinsic structural imperfections. From known structure data of real crystals and known band structure calculations of perfect ideal crystals a correlation between intrinsic structure defect concentration and electron deficit in the valence band is concluded. This correlation forms the basis for the following theses: 1. The electron deficit in the valence band of a perfect crystal is the driving force for the intrinsic structure defects in a real crystal. 2. The small electron deficit becomes compensated by the structure de

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15

Mitchell, Martin R. "Investigation of structure and disorder in inorganic solids using solid-state NMR." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3367.

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The use of solid-state NMR and DFT calculations to study Y₂Sn[subscript(x)]Ti[subscript(2-x)]O₇, Y₂Sn[subscript(x)]Zr[subscript(2-x)]O₇ and Y₂Ti[subscript(x)]Zr[subscript(2-x)]O₇, materials with applications for the safe encapsulation of radioactive actinides is investigated. As a result of cation or anion disorder in these materials, NMR spectra are often complex and difficult to interpret. Therefore, an investigation using a range of NMR active nuclei and measurement of a variety of NMR parameters (isotropic chemical shift, δ[subscript(iso)]; span, Ω and quadrupolar coupling, C[subscript(Q)]

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16

Vale, Renato Pessoa. "Defeitos em cristais formados por átomos de 4He." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/277196.

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Orientadores: Silvio Antonio Sachetto Vitiello, Maurice de Koning<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T14:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vale_RenatoPessoa_D.pdf: 5594892 bytes, checksum: 6cd9dc97441dc729a416210efb11ec2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo feito sobre defeitos em um sólido quântico formado por átomos de 4He. Embora ainda não exista um mecanismo para explicar a fase supersólida deste sistema, ela tem sido frequentemente associada com

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17

Ccallata, Henry Sixto Javier. "Propriedades de ressonância paramagnética eletrônica, de absorção óptica e termoluminescência do cristal de zoisita natural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-01072010-141132/.

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Uma amostra de zoisita natural proveniente da região de Teófilo Otoni Minas Gerais foi caracterizada pelas técnicas de termoluminescência (TL), ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (EPR) e absorção óptica (AO). As curvas de emissão TL das amostras natural e sob irradiação gama apresentaram picos em 130, 150, 265, 350 e 435 ºC todos eles com uma forte superposição. Tratamentos térmicos (TT) entre 500 e 900 °C afetaram muito pouco a estrutura cristalina da zoisita, no entanto os nove picos em 135, 155, 175, 200, 225, 255, 285, 320 e 360 ºC, ajustados teoricamente por deconvolução à curva experi

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18

Fisher, Andrew James. "Theoretical studies of point defects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252958.

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19

Brocklesby, W. S. "Laser spectroscopy of defect centres in solids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376886.

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20

Wasenczuk, Adam. "Defects in epitaxial II-VI semiconductors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426603/.

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21

Ukpong, Aniekan Magnus. "Modelling of defect states in covalent amorphous solids." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6514.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-202).<br>This study consists of the tight binding molecular dynamics simulations, of the bulk and defect structures, in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Emphasis is given to the systematic analysis of the changes in the network structures, which occur due to the incorporation of hydrogen, at different levels of concentration. The atomic-level stress in the simulated structures is defined, in a manner that is consistent with the local structure. The concept of configurational landscapes is introduced, as a new analysis framewo

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22

Brown, Paul D. "Structural defects in II-VI epitaxial layers." Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6589/.

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This study has principally been concerned with the structural assessment of a range of II-VI epitaxial layers using the combined techniques of cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and microdiffraction. Iodine reactive ion sputtering has been used for the final stage of sample preparation, and this has been shown to produce electron transparent foils with a greatly reduced artefactual defect content, as compared with samples prepared by argon ion milling.- The two conflicting conventions for the polarity determination of CdTe, as proposed by Warekois (1962) and Fewster (1983), have

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23

Jenkins, Stephen Allen. "Theoretical models of eddy current interaction with defects." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1047/.

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24

Beall, R. B. "Lattice defects in gallium phosphide and gallium arsenide." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356129.

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25

Cregan, Robert Fraser. "Defects on the free surface of superfluid helium." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261949.

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26

Oaten, Susan Rosemary. "Assessment of defects in ferromagnetic metals with eddy currents." Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5310.

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A study was made to identify and size surface breaking defects in ferromagnetic materials with eddy currents, whilst eliminating unwanted signals due to changes in magnetic permeability and probe lift-off. The former was overcome by the use of high frequencies and the latter by utilising the lift-off to characterise the defects. The lift- off or "touch" method was shown to be advantageous in that one could test steel objects having irregular surfaces, such as occurring with the presence of welds. In addition a theoretical investigation was undertaken to relate changes in the magnetic permeabil

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27

Chilton, Neil Barry. "A slow positron implantation spectroscopy study of defects in semiconductors." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303017.

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28

Casey, Siobhan. "A study of interfacial defects in semiconductor materials and metals." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240588.

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29

Johnson, Fiona Jane. "Electron microscopy and luminescence study of defects in semiconductor silicon." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279773.

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30

Olsen, Christian Adam. "Development of methods for solid-phase synthesis of neuroactive polyamine derivatives /." Cph. : The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 2004. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/christianadamolsen.htm.

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31

Holland, Anthony James. "Analysis of crystal defects by simulation of x-ray section topographs." Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5589/.

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This thesis is concerned with the simulation of the contrast in X-ray section topographs due to the strains induced in silicon single crystals by various types of technologically relevant crystal defect. A general introduction to the field of X- ray topography is presented, illustrating that this technique is well suited to the characterisation of defect induced strain in highly perfect crystals. A review of X-ray dynamical theory is given, culminating in Takagi's equations for a crystal containing a defect. Techniques for simulating X-ray section topographs, based on Takagi's equations, are d

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32

Hartnett, S. J. "Uniaxial stress/DLTS studies on deep level defects in n-GaAs." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361362.

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33

Giles, Luis Felipe. "Characterization and control of crystallographic defects in thin film SIMOX materials." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1994. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844322/.

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Crystallographic defects present in the silicon over layer of thin (< 1000 A) SIMOX material have been characterized using a newly developed etchant and by transmission electron microscopy. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy has also been used to determine the chemical composition and thickness of the synthesised layers. The thin SIMOX layers were produced by two different methods, namely (i) sacrificial oxidation of the silicon over layer of thick (2000 A) SIMOX films and (ii) low energy O+ implantation. The main crystallographic defects present in materials prepared by sacrificial oxidat

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34

Severinsen, Rune. "Development of solid-phase chemistries to access libraries of biphenyl privileged substructures /." Cph. ; Måløv : Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Medicinal Chemistry Research III, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2005. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/RuneSeverinsen.htm.

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35

Cristiano, Filadelfo. "Extended defects in SiGe device structures formed by ion implantation." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843871/.

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The use of SiGe/Si heterostructures in the fabrication of electronic devices results in an improvement of the device performances with respect to bulk silicon. Ion implantation has been proposed as one of the possible technologies to produce these structures and, thus, the aim of this work is to develop an ion beam technology to fabricate strained SiGe heterostructures. The formation of extended defects in SiGe alloy layers formed by high dose Ge+ ion implantation followed by Solid Phase Epitaxial Growth (SPEG) has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Rutherford backscatterin

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36

Chiu, Chi-Hsin. "An exploration of deep level defects in compound semiconductors using optoelectronic modulation spectroscopy." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252141.

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37

Zhang, Chiqun. "Theory and Computation of Line Defect Fields in Solids and Liquid Crystals." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1058.

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The theory and computation of line defects are discussed in the context of both solids and liquid crystals. This dissertation includes four parts. The Generalized Disclination theory is discussed and applied to numerous interfacial and bulk line defect problems. An augmented Oseen-Frank energy as well as a novel 2D-model is proposed and demonstrated for disclination dynamics in liquid crystal. A model based on kinematics and thermodynamics is devised to predict tactoid dynamics during the process of the isotropic-nematic phase transition in LCLC. In the first part of the thesis, the utility of

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38

De, Vita Alessandro. "The energetics of defects and impurities in metals and ionic materials from first principles." Thesis, Keele University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332301.

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The study of defects in metals and ionic solids has been the subject of great theoretical and experimental interest, in basic as well as applied research areas. The present work collects two series of calculations on the energetics of a variety of defective systems, in a metal host matrix (Al), and in two ionic oxides (MgO and Li20) . The energetics and the electronic ground state of the vacancy, of the self-interstitial, and of the hydrogen impurity systems in Al were investigated. The formation and migration energies of Schottky defects in MgO and Frenkel Defects in Li20 were also studied. A

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39

Khattak, Gul Marjan. "An investigation of defects in N-type CdTe using the deep level transient spectroscopy technique." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314643.

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40

Ahmad, Khalid A. "An investigation of defects produced in electron irradiated silicon p'+nn'+ and n'+np'+ diodes." Thesis, University of Hull, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278500.

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41

Lee, M. E. "Crystallographic, optical and electrical properties of some* ?? defect chalocpyrite semiconductors." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353559.

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42

Stefanik, Todd Stanley 1973. "Electrical properties and defect structures of praseodymium-cerium oxide solid solutions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16623.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, February 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-135).<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>A defect chemistry model consistent with observed trends in the pO2 and temperature dependence of electrical conductivity in praseodymium cerium oxide (PCO) was developed. Four point DC conductivity measurements were made from 1 atm to 1018 atm p02 over isotherms ranging from 60

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43

Cliffe, Matthew James. "Disorder and defects in functional molecular frameworks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cd827bc8-b3dd-4fda-bdb8-f0dc893d66c2.

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This Thesis explores the role of structural defects and disorder and their relationship to experimental data, with a particular emphasis on molecular framework materials. The question of how we can build atomistic models of amorphous materials from experimental data without needing to make system-specific assumptions is addressed. The role of 'structural invariance', <i>i.e.</i> the limited range of distinct local atomic environments within a material, as a restraint within reverse Monte Carlo refinement (RMC) is investigated. The operation of these invariance restraints operate is shown to be

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44

Shawley, Charles Richard. "Optical and defect studies of wide band gap materials." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2008/c_shawley_012708.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2008.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 13, 2009). "School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering." Includes bibliographical references.

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45

Xie, ZongHai. "Nuclear spin relaxation studies of ionic and defect mobility in lithium oxide." Thesis, University of Kent, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387044.

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46

Milkus, Rico. "Vibrational and mechanical properties of disordered solids." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/276423.

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The recent development of a framework called non-affine lattice dynamics made it possible to calculate the elastic moduli of disordered systems directly from their microscopic structure and potential energy landscape at zero temperature. In this thesis different types of disordered systems were studied using this framework. By comparing the shear modulus and vibrational properties of nearest neighbour spring networks based on depleted lattices we were able to show that the dominating quantity of the system’s non-affine reorganisation during shear deformation is the affine force field. Furtherm

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47

Reece, M. J. "An electron microscope study of defect microstructures in synthetic and natural ferrite crystals." Thesis, University of Essex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375644.

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48

Liu, Xi. "Defect structure in yttrium, niobium and lead substituted bismuth oxide solid electrolytes." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/547.

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Bismuth oxide based electrolytes are well known for their high oxide ion conductivity at intermediate temperatures (300-700C). Indeed, the defect fluorite structured -phase of Bi2O3 shows the highest known oxide ion conductivity of any material. Unfortunately this phase is only stable above 730C and much research has been carried out on stabilising this phase to lower temperatures through solid solution formation with other oxides. The work described in this thesis examines the structure-conductivity relationships in several substituted bismuth oxide systems. The effects of Nb5+, Y3+ and Pb

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49

Perrin, Kévin. "Etude des phénomènes de diffusion à l'état solide impliqués dans les réactions hétérogènes gaz-solide : application à la sulfuration de l'oxyde de zinc." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK064/document.

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Les phénomènes de transformation de phases avec interface réactionnelle mobile interviennent dans une grande variété de réactions chimiques et d’applications. Les réactions de sulfuration d'oxydes métalliques mènent par exemple à la formation de phases sulfures dans des applications concernant la purification de gaz ou la préparation de catalyseurs. Ces réactions impliquent entre autres des phénomènes de diffusion des espèces réactives à l’état solide (sous forme atomique ou ionique) à travers la couche de produit formée lors de la réaction (phase oxyde, sulfure ou métal). Dans de nombreux cas

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50

Zhan, Xiaowen. "DEFECT CHEMISTRY AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/88.

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Replacing organic liquid electrolytes with nonflammable solid electrolytes can improve safety, offer higher volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, and lower the cost of lithium-ion batteries. However, today’s all-solid-state batteries suffer from low Li-ion conductivity in the electrolyte, slow Li-ion transport across the electrolyte/electrode interface, and slow solid-state Li-ion diffusion within the electrode. Defect chemistry is critical to understanding ionic conductivity and predicting the charge transport through heterogeneous solid interfaces. The goal of this dissertation is to

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