Relevant bibliographies by topics / Defence mechanism

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Defence mechanism'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Fatima Akram and Mahwesh Arooj Naz. "Ego defense mechanisms, medication adherence and self-management of the patients with type 2 diabetes." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.706.

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Objective: To explore relationship involving Ego Defence Mechanism, Medication Adherence and Self-Management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The cross-sectional co-relational study was conducted at the Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2017 to November 2018, and comprised diabetics aged 25-55 years. Other than demographic information, data was collected using the Urdu versions of the Defense Style Questionnaire, the Medication Adherence Scale, and the Diabetic Self-management Questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 150 patients, 75(50%) each were females and males. Mature defence mechanisms, like sublimation, suppression and humour, were significant predictors of self-management (p<0.001), and mature defence mechanism, like sublimation, was a significant predictor of medication adherence (p<0.05). Females were high on neurotic defence mechanism, like pseudo-altruism, compared to the males (p=0.001). Conclusion: Medication adherence and self-management were found to be dependent on mature defence mechanisms. Key Words: Ego defence mechanisms, Medication adherence, Self-management, Immature defences, Mature defences, Neurotic defences. Continuous...
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Deshmukh, Dr Nivedita. "A Brief Study of Defence Mechanism." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 7 (June 1, 2012): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2014/42.

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Muris, Peter, and Harald Merckelbach. "Defence style and behaviour therapy outcome in a specific phobia." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 3 (May 1996): 635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700035704.

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SynopsisThe Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) was administered to patients with a specific phobia (animal type; N = 54) and to control subjects (N = 29). Results indicated that specific phobia patients and non-phobic control subjects exhibit a similar pattern of defences. Also, the study investigated whether specific DSQ defence styles affect behaviour therapy outcome. It was found that an immature defence style, and especially the defence mechanism projection, was related to less favourable treatment results.
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Bogren, Lennart, Inga-Britt Bogren, and Lars-Håkan Thorell. "Defense Mechanism Test and Electrodermal Activity." Perceptual and Motor Skills 87, no. 1 (August 1998): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.1.279.

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Electrodermal activity was registered during examination with the Defense Mechanism Test of 21 patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder, affective disorder, or schizophrenic disorder. The test can be interpreted as a model situation of how a person defends himself against a threat to avoid anxiety. We used Andersson's modified version of the test and tested the hypothesis that electrodermal activity should increase when there were responses categorised as Anxiety and decrease when there were responses categorised as defences or when the threat was correctly identified. We found significant increase in all electrodermal variables in connection with responses categorised as Anxiety. After exposures with responses categorised as Isolation, the maximal skin conductance level and the magnitude of late nonspecific responses were significantly decreased. After exposures when the threat was identified and thus no longer subliminal, the electrodermal activity was significantly decreased. All these findings support our hypothesis. After exposures with responses categorised as Denial all electrodermal variables were significantly increased. Similarly in responses categorised as Repression, Introaggression, and Disavowal or denial of hero's sex the frequency of late nonspecific responses were significantly increased. The increased electrodermal activity could be due to insufficient defence strategies as categorised in the Defense Mechanism Test.
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Kline, Paul. "Defence mechanisms. Their classification, correlates, and measurement with the defence mechanism inventory." Personality and Individual Differences 13, no. 9 (September 1992): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90140-k.

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James, Alex, Ken Morison, and Simon Todd. "A mathematical model of the defence mechanism of a bombardier beetle." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 79 (February 6, 2013): 20120801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0801.

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Previous studies of bombardier beetles have shown that some species have a continuous discharge while others exhibit a pulsed discharge. Here, a mathematical model of the defence mechanism of the bombardier beetle is developed and the hypothesis that almost all bombardiers' defences have some sort of cyclic behaviour at frequencies much higher than previously thought is put forward. The observation of pulses arises from secondary lower frequency cycles that appear for some parameter values. For realistic parameter values, the model can exhibit all the characteristics seen in the various species of bombardier. The possibility that all bombardiers have the same underlying defence mechanism gives weight to the theory that all bombardiers' explosive secretory mechanisms have diversified from a common ancestral mechanism.
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Kragh, Ulf. "In defence of the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT)-a reply." Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 39, no. 2 (June 1998): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9450.00065.

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Kline, Paul. "Defences in psychotherapy. The clinical application of the defence mechanism inventory." Personality and Individual Differences 13, no. 9 (September 1992): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90141-b.

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Kirkham, Mavis, Helen Stapleton, Penny Curtis, and Gwenan Thomas. "Stereotyping as a professional defence mechanism." British Journal of Midwifery 10, no. 9 (September 2002): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2002.10.9.10609.

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Chainy, Gagan Bihari Nityananda, Biswaranjan Paital, and Jagneswar Dandapat. "An Overview of Seasonal Changes in Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defence Parameters in Some Invertebrate and Vertebrate Species." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6126570.

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Antioxidant defence system, a highly conserved biochemical mechanism, protects organisms from harmful effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product of metabolism. Both invertebrates and vertebrates are unable to modify environmental physical factors such as photoperiod, temperature, salinity, humidity, oxygen content, and food availability as per their requirement. Therefore, they have evolved mechanisms to modulate their metabolic pathways to cope their physiology with changing environmental challenges for survival. Antioxidant defences are one of such biochemical mechanisms. At low concentration, ROS regulates several physiological processes, whereas at higher concentration they are toxic to organisms because they impair cellular functions by oxidizing biomolecules. Seasonal changes in antioxidant defences make species able to maintain their correct ROS titre to take various physiological functions such as hibernation, aestivation, migration, and reproduction against changing environmental physical parameters. In this paper, we have compiled information available in the literature on seasonal variation in antioxidant defence system in various species of invertebrates and vertebrates. The primary objective was to understand the relationship between varied biological phenomena seen in different animal species and conserved antioxidant defence system with respect to seasons.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Gautrey, Charlotte. "The biomechanics of the dynamic defence mechanism." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/13905.

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Context: It has been suggested that muscle fatigue can lead to injury, however, research investigating this phenomenon in functional ankle instability (FAI) subjects is lacking. Aim: The purpose of this thesis was to research postural sway and muscular latency in FAI subjects and healthy controls, both before and immediately after localised and globalised fatigue protocols. Subjects: All subjects used in this project were males, between the ages of 18 and 25 years, and participated in regular (>2 x week) aerobic exercise. Subjects were categorised into healthy subjects, or subjects with a history of FAI using the FAI questionnaire. Methods: Neuromuscular control was analysed in FAI subjects and healthy controls through measures of muscular latency and postural sway. These measures were repeated both before and immediately after localised and globalised fatigue protocols. Results: The induction of localised and globalised fatigue had no effect on muscle latency in the FAI or healthy subjects. However, postural sway was significantly increased in the FAI subjects, following localised and globalised fatigue, with globalised fatigue also significantly increasing postural sway in the healthy subjects. The globalised football-specific fatigue protocol caused the greatest deficits in the FAI subjects, but also the healthy controls. Conclusions: In terms of muscle latency individuals that participate in sports, as well as sports clinicians and coaches, should not be concerned about the theorised relationship between the onset of fatigue and an increased injury risk at the ankle. However, in terms of postural sway the globalised football-specific fatigue protocol caused the greatest deficits. This highlights that the fatigued individual may be at greater risk of musculoskeletal injury during prolonged exercise that involves multiple joints, such as a football match.
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Van, Dyk Johannes Jacobus. "An evaluation of the South African Department of Defence's policy on Defence Industrial Participation (DIP) as a defence industrial development mechanism." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1067.

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This dissertation focuses on the local defence-related industry as a beneficiary under the Department of Defence’s defence industrial participation (DIP) programme, managed by Armscor. Attention is given to the main construct of the development theory and how the DIP process in South Africa compares with the international reciprocal trade phenomena commonly referred to as ‘countertrade’. The author does an in-depth analysis of the Government’s policy regarding the defence-related industry (DRI) that forms part of the local defence industrial base (DIB), as well as the DIP policy, procedures and practices and their subsequent bearing on the local defence industry. The study is further substantiated with a comprehensive review of the consequences and outcomes resulting from the largest defence package deal (SDP), signed in December 1999, between the Department of Defence and several major foreign original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and subsequently benchmarked against academic discourse on the subjects of international countertrade and development theories.
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Stiff, Harald. "Explainable AI as a Defence Mechanism for Adversarial Examples." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260347.

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Deep learning is the gold standard for image classification tasks. With its introduction came many impressive improvements in computer vision outperforming all of the earlier machine learning models. However, in contrast to the success it has been shown that deep neural networks are easily fooled by adversarial examples, data that have been modified slightly to cause the neural networks to make incorrect classifications. This significant disadvantage has caused an increased doubt in neural networks and it has been questioned whether or not they are safe to use in practice. In this thesis we propose a new defence mechanism against adversarial examples that utilizes the explainable AI metrics of neural network predictions to filter out adversarial examples prior to model interference. We evaluate the filters against various attacks and models targeted at the MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and Cifar10 datasets. The results show that the filters can detect adversarial examples constructed with regular attacks but that they are not robust against adaptive attacks that specifically utilizes the architecture of the defence mechanism.
Djupinlärning är den bästa metoden för bildklassificeringsuppgifter. Med dess introduktion kom många imponerande förbättringar inom datorseende som överträffade samtliga tidigare maskininlärningsmodeller. Samtidigt har det i kontrast till alla framgångar visat sig att djupa neuronnät lätt luras av motstridiga exempel, data som har modifierats för att få neurala nätverk att göra felaktiga klassificeringar. Denna nackdel har orsakat ett ökat tvivel gällande huruvida neuronnät är säkra att använda i praktiken. I detta examensarbete föreslås en ny försvarsmekanism mot motstridiga exempel som utnyttjar förklarbar AI för att filtrera bort motstridiga exempel innan de kommer i kontakt med modellerna. Vi utvärderar filtren mot olika attacker och modeller riktade till MNIST-, Fashion-MNIST-, och Cifar10-dataseten. Resultaten visar att filtren kan upptäcka motstridiga exempel konstruerade med vanliga attacker, men att de inte är robusta mot adaptiva attacker som specifikt utnyttjar försvarsmekanismens arkitektur.
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Alobaidi, H. M. M. "Host defence mechanism in CAPD : a laboratory and clinical investigation." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356679.

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Arranz, Trullén Javier. "Unveiling the multifaceted antimicrobial mechanism of action of human host defence RNases." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400666.

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La presente tesis doctoral se encuentra integrada dentro del estudio a gran escala de la estructura-función de las ribonucleasas antimicrobianas humanas. Estas proteínas catiónicas y de bajo peso molecular son secretadas por la mayoría de los organismos vertebrados agrupándose dentro la superfamilia de la ribonucleasa A, una de las enzimas mejor caracterizadas del siglo XX. De interés remarcable podríamos considerar su amplio abanico de propiedades biológicas, teniendo en cuenta su diverso historial de propiedades biológicas no catalíticas, convirtiéndolas en un buen modelo de proteínas multifunción. Junto a su principal característica como enzima catalizador de ácidos ribonucleicos, es importante destacar también otro tipo de propiedades biológicas no menos esenciales, como su actividad antimicrobiana, que comparten miembros distantes de la familia sugiriendo una función ancestral en el sistema inmune. Además, se ha visto que la expresión de algunas RNasas humanas puede ser inducida en procesos infecciosos. En particular, las RNasas estudiadas en este trabajo, las RNasas humanas 3, 6 y 7, se expresan principalmente en eosinófilos, monocitos y células epiteliales, respectivamente. Estas proteínas muestran una alta cationicidad debido a su alta proporción de residuos básicos y una notable actividad antimicrobiana frente a una amplia gama de patógenos humanos. Nuestro grupo de investigación posee una larga trayectoria en el estudio del mecanismo de acción de las ribonucleasas humanas y el trabajo teórico-experimental que se presenta en esta tesis ha contribuido a consolidar el actual proyecto de investigación. Los principales avances llevados a cabo por la presente tesis doctoral se enumeran a continuación: - La caracterización del mecanismo antimicrobiano de la ribonucleasa 6, evaluando sus propiedades microbicidas frente a patógenos y modelos de membrana. Concretamente se ha revelado su actividad aglutinadora además de demostrarse que su actividad antimicrobiana está localizada básicamente en su extremo Nterminal. - La resolución de la primera estructura tridimensional de la ribonucleasa 6, obtenida a 1.72 Å, que ha permitido asentar las bases estructurales para futuros estudios funcionales. Análisis complementarios sobre su caracterización cinética y predicción de complejos con diferentes ligandos han revelado sitios de unión y de catálisis que posteriormente han sido confirmados mediante mutagénesis dirigida. - El estudio de la efectiva actividad antipatogena a nivel intracelular que presentan las ribonucleasas 3,6 y 7 asi como sus péptidos derivados N-terminales frente a micobacterias en un modelo de macrófagos infectados. - La expansión del conocimiento sobre las bases antipatogenas de diferentes péptidos y proteínas antimicrobianas que participan en la erradicación de las infecciones por micobacterias, asi como las terapias derivadas. - La caracterización del mecanismo antimicrobiano de los 8 peptidos N-terminales derivados de las ribonucleasas frente a Candida albicans, como modelo de patógeno eucariota Como conclusión, los resultados presentados en esta tesis contribuyen a profundizar en la comprensión de las bases moleculares del papel que desempeñan algunas ribonucleasas en el sistema inmune y expandir el proyecto al diseño de agentes terapéuticos basados en péptidos antimicrobianos con el objetivo de erradicar enfermedades infecciosas causadas por patógenos resistentes.
The present doctoral thesis is integrated into the large-scale study of the structure and function of human antimicrobial ribonucleases. These cationic and low molecular weight proteins are grouped into the ribonuclease A superfamily, considered one of the best characterized enzymes of the twentieth century. The RNase A superfamily is specific for vertebrates and has attracted remarkable interest due to the diversity of displayed biological properties; and represents an excellent example of a multifunctional protein´s family. Together with the main enzymatic activity we must highlight other biological properties such as the angiogenic, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities. The reported antimicrobial activity of distantly related family members in early vertebrates suggests that the family arouse with an ancestral function in host defence. Besides, the expression of several human RNases has been reported to be induced by infection. In particular, the RNases studied in this work, the human RNases 3, 6 and 7, are mainly expressed in eosinophils, monocytes and epithelial cells respectively. These proteins show a high cationicity due to the high proportion of basic residues and a remarkable antimicrobial activity against a wide range of human pathogens. Our research group has a consolidated experience in the study of the mechanism of action of human ribonucleases and the experimental work presented in this thesis is contributing to this overall research project. The main results achieved by the present PhD study are outlined below: - The characterization of the antimicrobial mechanism of RNase 6, both in bacteria cell cultures and using membrane models. Results highlight that the antimicrobial and cell agglutinating activities are mainly located at the N-terminus. - The resolution of the first three-dimensional structure of ribonuclease 6, obtained at 1.72 Å, which has set the structural basis for future functional studies. The kinetic characterization of RNase 6 mutant variants and the prediction of protein- substrate complexes have identified the enzyme nucleotide binding sites. - The study of the intracellular activity of ribonucleases 3, 6 and 7 and their derived Nterminal peptides against intracellular resident mycobacteria using a macrophage infected model. - The analysis of the anti-pathogenic mechanism of action of human antimicrobial proteins and peptides in mycobacterial infections and their applied therapies. - The comparative characterization of the antimicrobial mechanism of action of human RNases and their N-terminal derived peptides towards Candida albicans, as an eukaryote pathogen model. The results presented in this thesis will contribute to the understanding of the role of human RNases in the immune system and provide the structure- function basis to expand the initial project into the design of novel peptide mimetic therapeutics agents towards the eradication of resistant infectious diseases.
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Hammami, Aida, and Pernilla Spåls. "Consequences of being a stress resilient child." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-10790.

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Aim; The aim of this study is to increase our knowledge of stress resilience children coming from backgrounds of substance abuse and to look at what consequences they may encounter, for not being able to express their emotions and deal with happenings experienced in their upbringing. Method; A qualitative approach has been used with e-mail interviews to collect our material, with young adults whom see themselves as having a history of alcoholism in the nearest family when growing up and despite this managed well in life. Result: We have concluded that resiliency is a way of coping with stressful situations. It is a way of repressing emotions when the emotions become too unbearable. When repressing the emotions you are denying the self the right to development, the right to exist as a person. And this leads to co-dependency.
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Walter, J. B. "Studies on the nodule formation as a cellular defence mechanism in some insect species." Thesis, Swansea University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639333.

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Bates, Chad. "The mechanism of defence : identity, structure and perceptions of gender and sexuality in the military." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/5673/.

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The 'Mechanism of Defence' project is an interdisciplinary study that examines the effect of sexuality on the perceived cohesion, morale and unit effectiveness of University Officer Training Corps (UOTC) battalions. The study privileges sociological theory and social policy using Emile Durkheim’s Division of Labour as its primary theoretical frame. The study evidences the influence of social structure as a central and abiding force in the establishment of community values and the integration of sexual minorities. It seeks to inform integrative measures in countries like the United States by examining and illustrating as a model the United Kingdom’s approach (post EU-ordered integration). The study has secured the full participation of the twelve largest (of 19 total) Territorial Army UOTC battalions in England and Wales. Five hundred and fifty-nine (559) British Army UOTC cadets were surveyed as to cohesion, morale, unit effectiveness and familiarity with minorities (including gays and lesbians) in their units in a comprehensive total sample of these battalions. 26 Cadets, commanding officers, adjutants and PSIs (Permanent Staff instructors, i.e. service veterans, some active service personnel) agreed to full length interviews (two to three hours each) regarding levels of cohesion, morale and unit effectiveness and the challenges they face as leaders in the post-integrative modern military system. The study devotes significant attention to the development, manifestation and impact of group, individual and community identity and the dynamics of organizational behaviour. This includes the extent of (individual and group) defence mechanisms triggered by gender and homophobia within the military environment. It also charts the development of anti-gay discrimination throughout history (from Ancient Greece and Feudal Japan to present day) with a brief but informative look at the effects of religion and politics.
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Eichinger, Tobias Michael. "European Integration in Defence. Examining the Development of CSDP after Brexit through a Mechanism-Based Approach." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk historia och internationella relationer, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193785.

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Balakrishnan, K. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Offsets as a Mechanism for Promoting Malaysian Defence Industrial and Technological Development." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/2504.

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Offsets have taken centre stage in defence trade. To date, more than 78 countries around the world practice offsets and outstanding offsets obligations run into billions of US dollars However, why have offsets gained such a momentum? Increasingly, both sellers and buyers in the arms trade view offsets as an efficient and effective economic compensation tool to justify arms deals. Buyers, consider offsets as a catalyst for industrial and technological development, employment, creation of value-added activities and skills development. Sellers, on the other hand, perceive offsets as providing product differentiation and competitive advantage in an already tough defence market. The question, though is whether, do offsets really work as claimed? The purpose of this dissertation is to empirically verify the above proposition by evaluating the effectiveness of defence offsets in developing a defence industrial and technological base, using Malaysia’s defence industry as a case study. This study employs a Multi-Method or Triangulation Methodological approach (comprising survey, archival sources and participatory observation) to gather data. Fieldwork research employing questionnaires and interviews were undertaken as part of a survey of Malaysian defence companies, international defence contractors and relevant offsets-related government and non-governmental agencies. These data were further substantiated and consolidated via archival sources, such as government and company reports and also participatory observation. Research analysis indicates that offsets have provided mixed results, in the case of Malaysia. The successes have been mainly focused on technology capability-building and human resource development, limited to through-life-support of the defence equipment and the ancillary systems purchased. Morover, offsets have been successfully used to diversify into civil sectors, mainly aerospace and electronics sectors, leading to increased exports, jobs, backward linkages and technology enhancement in these sectors. However, offsets have had minimal effect on creating joint-production, collaborative activities and R&D programmes, requisites for the process of Malaysianisation. Further, offsets have also been less than effective in increasing employment, and dual-use technology programmes that could provide longterm impact on Malaysia’s economic growth. Overall, Malaysia’s offsets policy has been pragmatic and flexible. The government has played a vital role in ensuring that the offsets policy operates in tandem with Malaysia’s national aspirations. Yet, offsets have had a limited impact on developing and sustaining Malaysia’s defence industrial and technology base. The offsets policy aim and objectives have not been clearly reflected in the offsets process and implementation. As defence offsets will continue to be of an essence in Malaysia’s defence procurement activity, initiatives should be taken to review the offsets policy and implementation processes. The review should augment the effectiveness of offsets in developing measurable and value-added programmes that build a sustainable and competitive Malaysian defence industry. To this end, and based on the research findings of this study, a number of important policy recommendations are advanced to raise the effectiveness of Malaysia’s offsets policy.
Cranfield University
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Books on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Ozolins, Andrejs. Defence patterns and non-communicative body movements: An experimental study with the Defence Mechanism Test. Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1989.

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Dermine, Said. The immunochemical characterisation of a humoral non-specific defence mechanism factor (alpha-precipitin) from the Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar L). Salford: University of Salford, 1988.

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Benedetti, David. Defense mechanism. New Mexico: Deposed Innocence Press, 1986.

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Al-Shakarchi, Nazar H. A. A-Precipitin of the Atlantic salmon (salmo salar) during an outbreak of ulcerative dermal necrosis and itspossible role in the defence mechanism of the animal. Salford: University of Salford, 1986.

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Deverall, Brian J. Defence mechanisms of plants. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Olff, Miranda, Guido Godaert, and Holger Ursin, eds. Quantification of Human Defence Mechanisms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84466-9.

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C, Gleser Goldine, ed. Defenses in psychotherapy: The clinical application of the Defense mechanisms inventory. Odessa, Fla: Psychological Assessment Resources, 1993.

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Ihilevich, David. Defenses in psychotherapy: The clinical application of the defense mechanisms inventory. Owosso, Mich: DMI Associates, 1991.

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International Council of E-Commerce Consultants. Threats and defense mechanisms. Clifton Park, NY: Course Technology Cengage Learning, 2010.

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Ihilevich, David. Defense mechanisms: Their classification, correlates, and measurement with the defense mechanisms inventory. Odessa, Fla: Psychological Assessment Resources, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Arora, Jaya, Shaily Goyal, and Kishan G. Ramawat. "Co-evolution of Pathogens, Mechanism Involved in Pathogenesis and Biocontrol of Plant Diseases: An Overview." In Plant Defence: Biological Control, 3–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1933-0_1.

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Olff, M., G. Godaert, J. F. Brosschot, K. E. Weiss, and H. Ursin. "The Defence Mechanism Test and Questionnaire Methods for Measurement of Psychological Defences." In Recent Research in Psychology, 302–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84466-9_22.

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Rustagi, Anjana, Samira Chugh, Shweta Sharma, Punam Kumari, and Deepak Kumar. "Plant–Insect Interaction: A Proteomic Approach in Defence Mechanism." In Plant-Pest Interactions: From Molecular Mechanisms to Chemical Ecology, 57–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2467-7_3.

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Shaikh, Akram Harun, and B. B. Meshram. "Cloud Attacks and Defence Mechanism for SaaS: A Survey." In Intelligent Computing and Networking, 43–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4863-2_4.

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Hou, Jianwei, Ziqi Zhang, Wenchang Shi, Bo Qin, and Liang Bin. "DTGuard: A Lightweight Defence Mechanism Against a New DoS Attack on SDN." In Information and Communications Security, 503–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41579-2_29.

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Malone, M. "Hydraulic Signals: A New Mechanism for Rapid Systemic Induction of Defence Responses." In Developments in Plant Pathology, 169. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1737-1_46.

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Wang, Yihua, and Xin Lu. "Cell Polarity: A Key Defence Mechanism Against Infection and Cancer Cell Invasion?" In Cell Polarity 2, 167–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14466-5_7.

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Johnson, Benjamin B., and Alejandro P. Heuck. "Perfringolysin O Structure and Mechanism of Pore Formation as a Paradigm for Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins." In MACPF/CDC Proteins - Agents of Defence, Attack and Invasion, 63–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8881-6_5.

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Bala, P. Manju, S. Usharani, T. Ananth Kumar, R. Rajmohan, and P. Praveen Kumar. "Deep Learning with an LSTM-Based Defence Mechanism for DDoS Attacks in WSNs." In Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques in Wireless and Mobile Networking Systems, 201–24. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003107477-12.

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Longhofer, Jeffrey. "Defence mechanisms." In A-Z of Psychodynamic Practice, 53–55. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03387-1_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Thanigaivelan, Nanda Kumar, Ethiopia Nigussie, Seppo Virtanen, and Jouni Isoaho. "Towards Human Bio-Inspired Defence Mechanism for Cyber Security." In 2018 IEEE Security and Privacy Workshops (SPW). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spw.2018.00044.

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Zhang, Yuantian, and Yang Cheng. "An Amplification DDoS Attack Defence Mechanism using Reinforcement Learning." In 2019 IEEE SmartWorld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced & Trusted Computing, Scalable Computing & Communications, Cloud & Big Data Computing, Internet of People and Smart City Innovation (SmartWorld/SCALCOM/UIC/ATC/CBDCom/IOP/SCI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartworld-uic-atc-scalcom-iop-sci.2019.00145.

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Rivera A, Carlos A., Arash Shaghaghi, and Salil S. Kanhere. "Towards a Distributed Defence Mechanism Against IoT-based Bots." In 2020 IEEE 45th Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcn48667.2020.9314830.

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Vuppala, Satyanarayana, Alie El-Din Mady, and Adam Kuenzi. "Rekeying-based Moving Target Defence Mechanism for Side-Channel Attacks." In 2019 Global IoT Summit (GIoTS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/giots.2019.8766426.

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Ma, Zhanfei, and Xuefeng Zheng. "A Novel Network Security Defence Mechanism Based on Multi-SoftMan." In 2008 ISECS International Colloquium on Computing, Communication, Control, and Management. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cccm.2008.8.

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Murakami, Atsushi, and K. Alan Shore. "Message extraction mechanism in optical chaos communications using injection-locked semiconductor lasers." In Optics/Photonics in Security and Defence, edited by Colin Lewis and Gari P. Owen. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.690176.

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Bejan-Mureșan, Roxana. "The Aggressive Response As A Defence Mechanism On The Basketball Court." In ICPESK 2018 - International Congress of Physical Education, Sports and Kinetotherapy. Education and Sports Science in the 21st Century, Edition dedicated to the 95th anniversary of UNEFS. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.02.35.

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Beena, A. L., and Humayoon Kabir S. "Defence Mechanism for DoS Attack in Digital Library (Using Citation Network)." In 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICCS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccs45141.2019.9065625.

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Rastegari, Samaneh, Philip Hingston, Chiou-Peng Lam, and Murray Brand. "Testing a distributed denial of service defence mechanism using red teaming." In 2013 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for Security and Defense Applications (CISDA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisda.2013.6595423.

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Paharia, Bhumika, and Kriti Bhushan. "DDoS Detection and Mitigation in Cloud Via FogFiter: A Defence Mechanism." In 2018 9th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccnt.2018.8493704.

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Reports on the topic "Defence mechanism"

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Stoll, Francois. An Evaluative Study of the Defense Mechanism Test. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226946.

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Larabell, Carolyn A. Self-Defense Mechanisms of Normal Breast Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458247.

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Coughlan, Peter, William Gates, and Jennifer Lamping. Innovations in Defense Acquisition Auctions: Lessons Learned and Alternative Mechanism Designs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493939.

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Coughlan, Peter, William Gates, and Jeremy Arkes. Innovations in Defense Acquisition: Asymmetric Information, Mechanism Design and Prediction Markets. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada563409.

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Harris, Marvin K., and Fadel Mansour. Natural Arthropod Defence Mechanisms of Deciduous Trees, Adaptable for use in Agriculture. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1986.7587741.bard.

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Sordillo, Lorraine, Don Wojchowski, Gary Perdew, Arthur Saran, and Gabriel Leitner. Identification of Staphylococcus aureaus Virulence Factors Associated with Bovine Mastitis. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7574340.bard.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of mastitis in dairy cattle. The organism is able to adhere to and penetrate mammary epithelium, forming deep seated abscesses that result in chronic infections. This study was based on the observation that certain genotypes of S. aureus are isolated more frequently from field cases of bovine mastitis than others and the most prevalent genotypes of S. aureus have an increased ability to resist neutrophil phagocytosis and killing compared to the rare variants. It was hypothesized that these predominating genotypes differentially express virulence factors that allow them to overcome or suppress essential host defense mechanisms and successfully colonize mammary parenchyma. The overall objective of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which predominating S. aureus genotypes were able to resist mammary gland defense mechanisms. The following specific aims were accomplished to address the overall objectives of this project: 1. Analyze and compare cell surface and secreted protein profiles of common and rare S. aureus genotypes isolated from field cases of bovine mastitis. 2. Purify and sequence selectively synthesized proteins unique to the most prevalent genotypes of S. aureus . 3. Determine the in vitro effects of isolated proteins on essential host defense mechanisms. Results from each specific aim showed that these redominating genotypes differentially express factors that may allow them to overcome or suppress essential host defense mechanisms and successfully colonize mammary parenchyma. Using complementary approaches, both the US and Israeli teams identified differentially expressed S. aureus factors that were positively correlated with virulence as determined by the ability to modify host immune cell responses and increase disease pathogenesis. Several candidate virulence factors have ben identified at both the molecular (US team) and protein (Israeli team) levels. Components of the phosphotransferase system were shown to be differentially expressed in prevalent strains of S. aureus and to modify the growth potential of these strains in a milk microenvironment. Evidence provided by both the Israeli and US teams also demonstrated a potential role of Staphylococcal enterotoxins in the pathogenesis of mastitis. Certain enterotoxins were shown to directly affect neutrophil bactericidal activities which can profoundly affect the establishment of new intramammary infections. Other evidence suggests that S. aureus superantigens can suppress mammary defenses by enhancing lymphoid suppressor cell activity. Collectively, these data suggest that unique factors are associated with predominating S. aureus genotypes that can affect in vitro and in vivo virulence as related to the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis. The potential development of a subunit mastitis vaccine which incorporates only relevant antigenic determinants has not been investigated in depth. Experiments outlined in this proposal has identified putative virulence factors which contribute to the pathogenesis of S. aureus mastitis and which may be used to formulate an efficacious subunit mastitis vaccine. Results from these studies may lead to the development of new methods to prevent this costly disease, providing a viable alternative to less effective mastitis control procedures based on chemotherapy.
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Baldo, James, and Craig A. Will. Strategy and Mechanisms for Encouraging Reuse in the Acquisition of Strategic Defense Initiative Software. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239727.

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Citovsky, Vitaly, and Yedidya Gafni. Suppression of RNA Silencing by TYLCV During Viral Infection. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592126.bard.

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The Israeli isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV-Is) is a major tomato pathogen, causing extensive (up to 100%) crop losses in Israel and in the south-eastern U.S. (e.g., Georgia, Florida). Surprisingly, however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of TYLCV-Is interactions with tomato cells. In the current BARD project, we have identified a TYLCV-Is protein, V2, which acts as a suppressor of RNA silencing, and showed that V2 interacts with the tomato (L. esculentum) member of the SGS3 (LeSGS3) protein family known to be involved in RNA silencing. This proposal will use our data as a foundation to study one of the most intriguing, yet poorly understood, aspects of TYLCV-Is interactions with its host plants – possible involvement of the host innate immune system, i.e., RNA silencing, in plant defense against TYLCV-Is and the molecular pathway(s) by which TYLCV-Is may counter this defense. Our project sought two objectives: I. Study of the roles of RNA silencing and its suppression by V2 in TYLCV-Is infection of tomato plants. II. Study of the mechanism by which V2 suppresses RNA silencing. Our research towards these goals has produced the following main achievements: • Identification and characterization of TYLCV V2 protein as a suppressor of RNA silencing. (#1 in the list of publications). • Characterization of the V2 protein as a cytoplasmic protein interacting with the plant protein SlSGS3 and localized mainly in specific, not yet identified, bodies. (#2 in the list of publications). • Development of new tools to study subcellular localization of interacting proteins (#3 in the list of publications). • Characterization of TYLCV V2 as a F-BOX protein and its possible role in target protein(s) degradation. • Characterization of TYLCV V2 interaction with a tomato cystein protease that acts as an anti-viral agent. These research findings provided significant insights into (I) the suppression of RNA silencing executed by the TYLCV V2 protein and (II) characterization some parts of the mechanism(s) involved in this suppression. The obtained knowledge will help to develop specific strategies to attenuate TYLCV infection, for example, by blocking the activity of the viral suppressor of gene silencing thus enabling the host cell silencing machinery combat the virus.
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Levy, Maggie, Raymond Zielinski, and Anireddy S. Reddy. IQD1 Function in Defense Responses. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699842.bard.

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The main objective of the proposed research was to study IQD1's mechanism of action and elucidate its role in plant protection. Preliminary experiments suggest that IQD1 binds CaM in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner and functions in general defense responses. We propose to identify proteins and genes that interact with IQD1, which may provide some clues to its mechanism of action. We also plan to dissect IQD1's integration in defense pathways and to study and modulate its binding affinity to CaM in order to enhance crop resistance. Our specific objectives were: (1) Analysis of IQD1's CaM-binding properties; (2) Identification of IQD1 targets;(3) Dissection of IQD1 integration into defense signaling pathways. Analysis of IQD1's CaM-binding properties defined four potential classes of sequences that should affect CaM binding: one is predicted to raise the affinity for Ca²⁺-dependent interaction but have no effect on Ca²⁺-independent binding; a second is predicted to act like the first mutation but eliminate Ca²⁺-independent binding; a third has no predicted effect on Ca²⁺-dependent binding but eliminates Ca²⁺-independent binding; and the fourth is predicted to eliminate or greatly reduce both Ca²⁺-dependent and Ca²⁺-independent binding. Following yeast two hybrid analysis we found that IQD1 interact with AtSR1 (Arabidopsis thalianaSIGNALRESPONSIVE1), a calcium/calmodulin-binding transcription factor, which has been shown to play an important role in biotic and abiotic stresses. We tested IQD1 interaction with both N-terminal or C-terminal half of SR1. These studies have uncovered that only the N-terminal half of the SR1 interacts with the IQD1. Since IQD1 has an important role in herbivory, its interaction with SR1 suggests that it might also be involved in plant responses to insect herbivory. Since AtSR1, like IQD1, is a calmodulin-binding protein and the mutant showed increased sensitivity to a herbivore, we analyzed WT, Atsr1 and the complemented line for the levels of GS to determine if the increased susceptibility of Atsr1 plants to T. ni feeding is associated with altered GS content. In general, Atsr1 showed a significant reduction in both aliphatic and aromatic GS levels as compared to WT. In order to study IQD1's molecular basis integration into hormone-signaling pathways we tested the epistatic relationships between IQD1 and hormone-signaling mutants. For that purpose we construct double mutants between IQD1ᴼXᴾ and mutants defective in plant-hormone signaling and GS accumulation. Epitasis with SA mutant NahG and npr1-1 and JA mutant jar1-1 suggested IQD1 function is dependent on both JA and SA as indicated by B. cinerea infection assays. We also verified the glucosinolate content in the crosses siblings and found that aliphatic GSL content is reduced in the double transgenic plants NahG:IQD1ᴼXᴾ as compare to parental lines while the aliphatic GSL content in the npr1-1:IQD1ᴼXᴾ and jar1-1: IQD1ᴼXᴾ double mutants was intimidated to the parental lines. This suggests that GSL content dependency on SA is downstream to IQD1. As a whole, this project should contribute to the development of new defense strategies that will improve crop protection and reduce yield losses and the amount of pesticides required; these will genuinely benefit farmers, consumers and the environment.
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Avni, Adi, and Kirankumar S. Mysore. Functional Genomics Approach to Identify Signaling Components Involved in Defense Responses Induced by the Ethylene Inducing Xyalanase Elicitor. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7697100.bard.

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Plant-microbe interactions involve a large number of global regulatory systems, which are essential for plants to protect themselves against pathogen attack. An ethylene-inducing xylanase (EIX) of Trichoderma viride is a potent elicitor of plant defense responses, like hypersensitive response (HR), in specific cultivars of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The central goal of this proposal was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that allow plants to specifically activate defense responses after EIX treatment. We proposed to identify cellular signaling components involved in the induction of HR by the EIX elicitor. The molecular genetic analysis of the signal transduction pathway that modulates hypersensitive responses is an important step in understanding the induction of plant defense responses. The genes that mediate LeEIX2-EIX dependent activation of resistance mechanisms remain to be identified. We used two approaches to identify the cellular signaling components that induce HR mediated by the EIX elicitor. In the first approach, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using LeEix2 as bait to identify plant proteins that interact with it. In the second approach, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) for a high-throughput screen to identify genes that are required for the induction of LeEIX2-EIX mediated HR. VIGS will also be used for functional characterization of genes that will be identified during the yeast two-hybrid screen. This investigation will shed light on cellular processes and signaling components involved in induction of general plant defense against pathogens and will provide the basis for future biotechnological approaches to improve plant resistance to pathogens. Several genes were indentified by the two approaches. We used the VIGS and yeast two hybrid approaches to confirm that activity of the genes initially identified by different procedure. Two genes inhibit the induction of HR by the fungal elicitor in the different systems; Tobacco-Harpin binding protein 1 and cyclopropyl isomerase.
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