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Journal articles on the topic 'Defence mechanism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Fatima Akram and Mahwesh Arooj Naz. "Ego defense mechanisms, medication adherence and self-management of the patients with type 2 diabetes." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no. 2 (2020): 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.706.

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Objective: To explore relationship involving Ego Defence Mechanism, Medication Adherence and Self-Management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The cross-sectional co-relational study was conducted at the Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2017 to November 2018, and comprised diabetics aged 25-55 years. Other than demographic information, data was collected using the Urdu versions of the Defense Style Questionnaire, the Medication Adherence Scale, and the Diabetic Self-management Questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 150 patients, 75

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2

Muris, Peter, and Harald Merckelbach. "Defence style and behaviour therapy outcome in a specific phobia." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 3 (1996): 635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700035704.

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SynopsisThe Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) was administered to patients with a specific phobia (animal type; N = 54) and to control subjects (N = 29). Results indicated that specific phobia patients and non-phobic control subjects exhibit a similar pattern of defences. Also, the study investigated whether specific DSQ defence styles affect behaviour therapy outcome. It was found that an immature defence style, and especially the defence mechanism projection, was related to less favourable treatment results.

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Deshmukh, Dr Nivedita. "A Brief Study of Defence Mechanism." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 7 (2012): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2014/42.

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Oleh, Oleshko, and Blinov Yurii. "Ways of improvement of defence planning mechanism in the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine." Political Science and Security Studies Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658015.

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The article focuses on generalizing the requirements of the current legislation, other normative legal acts, own theoretical studies and assessing the effectiveness of defense and budget planning systems in Ukraine. At present, defense reform is based on the principles and principles governing the NATO member states, which in turn requires a revision of the current system and the introduction of new approaches and mechanisms in the defense and budget planning system. The goal of this article is revealing defence planning mechanism improvement ways in the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine.

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5

Bogren, Lennart, Inga-Britt Bogren, and Lars-Håkan Thorell. "Defense Mechanism Test and Electrodermal Activity." Perceptual and Motor Skills 87, no. 1 (1998): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.1.279.

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Electrodermal activity was registered during examination with the Defense Mechanism Test of 21 patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder, affective disorder, or schizophrenic disorder. The test can be interpreted as a model situation of how a person defends himself against a threat to avoid anxiety. We used Andersson's modified version of the test and tested the hypothesis that electrodermal activity should increase when there were responses categorised as Anxiety and decrease when there were responses categorised as defences or when the threat was correctly identified. We found significant inc

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6

Kline, Paul. "Defence mechanisms. Their classification, correlates, and measurement with the defence mechanism inventory." Personality and Individual Differences 13, no. 9 (1992): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90140-k.

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7

Poonam, Sharma, and Vats Vidushi. "Correlational Study of Defence Mechanisms and Adjustment of College Students Belonging to Science Stream." RECENT RESEARCHES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES 12, no. 1 (2025): 161–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15290626.

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The current research seeks to explore the relationship between defence mechanism and the adjustmentof college students. During their college experience, students encounter various adjustment challenges,including language barriers, issues with food and sanitation, difficulties in communication, andproblems related to culture, traditions and customs. To cope with these challenges, students employvarious types of defence mechanisms. Some students resort to ineffective and unhealthy defencemechanisms which can negatively impact their mental and emotional well-being. The transition fromhigh school

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8

James, Alex, Ken Morison, and Simon Todd. "A mathematical model of the defence mechanism of a bombardier beetle." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 79 (2013): 20120801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0801.

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Previous studies of bombardier beetles have shown that some species have a continuous discharge while others exhibit a pulsed discharge. Here, a mathematical model of the defence mechanism of the bombardier beetle is developed and the hypothesis that almost all bombardiers' defences have some sort of cyclic behaviour at frequencies much higher than previously thought is put forward. The observation of pulses arises from secondary lower frequency cycles that appear for some parameter values. For realistic parameter values, the model can exhibit all the characteristics seen in the various specie

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Korkmaz, Hasan, Mehdi Karasu, Metin Ateşçelik, Filiz Özsoy, and Sevda Korkmaz. "The relationship between defence mechanisms and clinical variables in myocardial infarction patients." Archives of Medical Science – Atherosclerotic Diseases 7, no. 1 (2022): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/amsad/154594.

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IntroductionAlthough patients with myocardial infarction (MI) history exhibit individual differences, several psychological problems can be observed in these patients. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between defence mechanisms and other clinical and sociodemographic data in the early period in patients with MI history.Material and methodsSixty patients diagnosed with MI and hospitalized in the cardiology department were included in the study. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Defence Styles Questionnaire (DSQ) were applied.ResultsIt w

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10

Willemsen, Jochem. "Defence mechanisms in crime narratives of psychopathic violent offenders." International Journal of Forensic Psychotherapy 4, no. 1 (2022): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ijfp.v4n1.2022.37.

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The literature on crime narratives has demonstrated the relevance of studying offenders’ personal perspectives on crime as a means to gain insight in criminal behaviour. In this exploratory study, we examine the presence of defence mechanisms in crime narratives produced by violent offenders with psychopathic traits. The Defence Mechanism Rating Scale (DMRS) is used to assess defence mechanisms in crime narratives produced by 36 male inmates. The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is used to assess psychopathic traits. Statistical analyses demonstrate the increased presence of obsessional d

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11

Kragh, Ulf. "In defence of the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT)-a reply." Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 39, no. 2 (1998): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9450.00065.

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12

Kline, Paul. "Defences in psychotherapy. The clinical application of the defence mechanism inventory." Personality and Individual Differences 13, no. 9 (1992): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90141-b.

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13

Elegbeleye, A. O., J. M. Ipinmoye, and T. A. Akinboye. "The Influence of Defence Mechanism on Academic Burnout and Associated Profiles among Undergraduate Students." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. XI (2023): 1582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7011123.

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This cross-sectional study investigated the role of defence mechanism in academic burnout and its associated profiles. 248 females and 210 males, aged 16 to 30 years (M = 19.87, SD = 2.338) participated in the study. 56.9% were from Covenant University and 43.01% from Lagos State University. Data was collected using Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey for Students and Defence Mechanism Rating Scale-Self-Report Scale 30. Results indicated that students predominantly utilizing mature defence mechanisms reported lower mean scores for emotional exhaustion and cynicism, but higher for profes

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14

Chainy, Gagan Bihari Nityananda, Biswaranjan Paital, and Jagneswar Dandapat. "An Overview of Seasonal Changes in Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defence Parameters in Some Invertebrate and Vertebrate Species." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6126570.

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Antioxidant defence system, a highly conserved biochemical mechanism, protects organisms from harmful effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product of metabolism. Both invertebrates and vertebrates are unable to modify environmental physical factors such as photoperiod, temperature, salinity, humidity, oxygen content, and food availability as per their requirement. Therefore, they have evolved mechanisms to modulate their metabolic pathways to cope their physiology with changing environmental challenges for survival. Antioxidant defences are one of such biochemical mechanisms. At low

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Kirkham, Mavis, Helen Stapleton, Penny Curtis, and Gwenan Thomas. "Stereotyping as a professional defence mechanism." British Journal of Midwifery 10, no. 9 (2002): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2002.10.9.10609.

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Powęska, Michał Filip. "Religiousness – Between Defence Mechanism and Consciousness." Perspektywy Kultury 45, no. 2 (2024): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2024.4502.31.

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According to Sigmund Freud, the emergence of Judaism should be associated with the murder of Moses, which the Hebrews allegedly committed against their leader. This thesis, which the psychoanalyst takes over from Ernst Sellin, became the basis for his reflections on trauma, which is the source of religious neurosis experienced by man. This paper attempts to show that the basis of neuroses related to religiousness should not be seen in the traumatic events related to the time of the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, as Freud wanted, but in the individual approach of a person to religion and

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Bezhina, Yuliya Viktorovna. "Nordic Defence Cooperation in the Post-Bipolar World." Мировая политика, no. 2 (February 2023): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8671.2023.2.40066.

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The author examines the specific features of defense cooperation in Northern Europe and considers its future prospects amid the transformation of the global political landscape. The author regards the Nordic sub-region as a regional security complex (RSC) and scrutinizes historical similarities and dissimilarities in the Nordic approaches to security issues; distinctive features of the Nordic integration in general and sub-regional defence cooperation in particular; structure and possible prospects of the NORDEFCO. The author concludes that defenсe cooperation deepened the integration model in

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18

Lefèvre, Thierry, Jacobus C. de Roode, Balint Z. Kacsoh, and Todd A. Schlenke. "Defence strategies against a parasitoid wasp in Drosophila : fight or flight?" Biology Letters 8, no. 2 (2011): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0725.

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Hosts may defend themselves against parasitism through a wide variety of defence mechanisms, but due to finite resources, investment in one defence mechanism may trade-off with investment in another mechanism. We studied resistance strategies against the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi in two Drosophila species. We found that D. melanogaster had significantly lower physiological resistance against L. boulardi than D. simulans , and hypothesized that D. melanogaster might instead invest more heavily in other forms of defence, such as behavioural defence. We found that when given a choice b

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Valle-Sotelo, Edith Guadalupe, Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas, Martín Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández, Elizabeth Carvajal-Millán, Alberto Sánchez-Estrada, and Yaima Henry García. "Bioefficacy of fungal chitin oligomers in the control of postharvest decay in tomato fruit." International Food Research Journal 29, no. 5 (2022): 1131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.29.5.15.

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Tomato is one of the most commercialised and consumed fruits worldwide. However, tomatoes are highly susceptible to Alternaria rot. Among the safe strategies proposed to control Alternaria rot is the induction of defence mechanisms through biological elicitors, such as chitin. Chitin and its oligosaccharides are an activate plant defence mechanisms, but studies of fruits exposed to fungal chitin fragments are scarce. Therefore, the present work aimed to obtain and partially characterise chitin oligomers of Alternaria alternata, and evaluate their effect on the defence mechanism of tomato fruit

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20

Abrantes, Marta C., Jan Kok, and Maria de Fátima Silva Lopes. "Enterococcus faecalis zinc-responsive proteins mediate bacterial defence against zinc overload, lysozyme and oxidative stress." Microbiology 160, no. 12 (2014): 2755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.080341-0.

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Two Enterococcus faecalis genes encoding the P-type ATPase EF1400 and the putative SapB protein EF0759 were previously shown to be strongly upregulated in the presence of high concentrations of zinc. In the present work, we showed that a Zn2+-responsive DNA-binding motif (zim) is present in the promoter regions of these genes. Both proteins were further studied with respect to their involvement in zinc homeostasis and invasion of the host. EF0759 contributed to intramacrophage survival by an as-yet unknown mechanism(s). EF1400, here renamed ZntAEf, is an ATPase with specificity for zinc and pl

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21

Ekehammar, Bo, Irena Zuber, and Margareta Simonsson‐Sarnecki. "The Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) revisited: experimental validation using threatening and non‐threatening pictures." European Journal of Personality 16, no. 4 (2002): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.457.

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Although the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) has been in use for almost half a century, it is still unclear what it actually measures. The psychodynamic theory on which the test is based states that the threatful DMT pictures activate various defence mechanisms. To test this proposition, the original DMT pictures were redrawn by a professional artist, changing the emotional content without altering the structural properties. In this way, a neutral and a friendly variant were shaped. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to the threatful, neutral, and friendly stimulus conditions. In contrast

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22

Rauch, Gisep, Martin Kalbe, and Thorsten B. H. Reusch. "One day is enough: rapid and specific host–parasite interactions in a stickleback-trematode system." Biology Letters 2, no. 3 (2006): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0462.

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Red Queen models of host–parasite coevolution are based on genotype by genotype host–parasite interactions. Such interactions require a genotype specific host defence and, simultaneously, a genotype specific parasite infectivity. Specificity is defined here as defence or infection ability successful against only a subset of genotypes of the same species. A specific defence depends on detectable genotypic variation on the parasite side and on a host defence mechanism that differentiates between parasite genotypes. In vertebrates, the MHC-based adaptive immune system can provide such a defence m

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23

Marlinna, Dhui Ayu Tri, and Asih Ernawati. "The Kya’s PTSD and Defense Mechanism as Represented in Delia Owens’ Where The Crawdads Sing." Loquēla (Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Education) 2, no. 2 (2024): 99–114. https://doi.org/10.61276/loqula.v2i2.68.

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This descriptive qualitative study aims to identify the types of causes of post-traumatic stress disorder and to reveal how the defense mechanism experienced by Kya as the main character of the novel Where the Crawdads Sing. Sigmund Freud's psychological theory of defence mechanism is applied in this study. The data of this research are narratives, paragraphs, and dialogues of Delia Owen’s Where the Crawdads Sing that indicate the causes of post-traumatic stress disorder and the defense mechanisms used by Kya. The findings showed that Kya experienced post-traumatic stress disorder due to cause

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Kudoh, Kazuhiro, and Hachiro Tagami. "Defence Mechanism against Dermatophytes in Experimental Dermatophytosis." Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 36, no. 2 (1995): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3314/jjmm.36.131.

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25

Mann, David. "Art as a Defence Mechanism Against Creativity." British Journal of Psychotherapy 7, no. 1 (1990): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.1990.tb01314.x.

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26

Bogren, Lennart, Inga-Britt Bogren, Torbjörn Ohrt, and Ingemar Sjödin. "Panic disorder and the Defence Mechanism Test." Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 56, no. 3 (2002): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/080394802317607174.

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27

Narayan, Arpita, and Upendra Kumar. "A Defence Mechanism: DNS based DDoS Attack." International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology 33, no. 1 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v33p101.

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28

Shende, Sumer. "Crossfire DoS Attack and its Defence Mechanism." International Journal of Computer Applications 132, no. 3 (2015): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2015907313.

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Cooper, C., and P. Kline. "An evaluation of the Defence Mechanism Test." British Journal of Psychology 77, no. 1 (1986): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb01978.x.

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Mukesh Raj K, Amritha Lakshmi R B, Meghna B C, and U Vijayalakshmi. "Border Defence Mechanism Using Deep Learning Technique." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 02 (2024): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0039.

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In response to escalating concerns regarding potential border airstrikes, this paper introduces an advanced deep-learning model that utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for accurate military aircraft classification. Functioning as a pivotal tool for proactive threat assessment, the system works by distinguishing and categorizing six aircraft types with exceptional accuracy, facilitating real-time analysis, and aiding with the development of responsive counter-attack strategies. The multi-stage process begins with the comprehensive collection of diverse datasets, followed by the extra

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Sotnyk, Viktoriia, Vladislav Sotnyk, Yevgeniy Kosaretskyi, Viktoriia Mogylevska, Oleksandr Nikolaichuk, and Serhii Kutsak. "THE INFLUENCE OF CRITICAL RISKS ON THE MECHANISM OF DEFENCE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 4, no. 57 (2024): 244–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.4.57.2024.4436.

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The continuation of warfare in the territory of the country causes many economic, environmental and social problems. That is why it is important to study the influence of critical risks on the mechanism of managing defence resources, which the state’s ability to withstand in difficult times and to ensure the protection of state borders depends on. The main purpose of the paper is the evaluation of scientific and practical principles of determination and analysis of critical risks in the defence industry.Subject to the foregoing, the paper investigates the main scientists’ approaches to the def

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Golenishenko, A., and O. Kulikova. "Inpatient schizophrenics compensation gain in remission, influenced by complex psychotherapy." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73013-9.

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Due to personality disorders recovery being paid much attention, we observe psychotherapy obtaining great importance in schizophrenics combination therapy. Successful adaptation to social functioning various conditions depends largely on psychological defence. An adequate reaction to disease and realistic attitude to treatment promote life upgrading.The objectives of the research is to define the effectiveness of psychotherapy in connection of adaptive mechanism of the psychological defence.The aims include the study of the correction possibilities of unadapted psychological mechanism with the

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Boter, Marta, and Isabel Diaz. "Cyanogenesis, a Plant Defence Strategy against Herbivores." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 6982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24086982.

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Plants and phytophagous arthropods have coevolved in a long battle for survival. Plants respond to phytophagous feeders by producing a battery of antiherbivore chemical defences, while herbivores try to adapt to their hosts by attenuating the toxic effect of the defence compounds. Cyanogenic glucosides are a widespread group of defence chemicals that come from cyanogenic plants. Among the non-cyanogenic ones, the Brassicaceae family has evolved an alternative cyanogenic pathway to produce cyanohydrin as a way to expand defences. When a plant tissue is disrupted by an herbivore attack, cyanogen

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Hulbs, Olha, and Oleg Vorona. "Theoretical and methodological analysis of the state of research on the problem of mental protection of the individual." Psychological Journal, no. 12 (June 24, 2024): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2617-2100.12.2024.306764.

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The article presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of the state of research on the problem of psychological protection of the individual. It is noted that the system of psychological protection is formed in the general structure of personality as a certain combination of protective mechanisms. As a result of the action of defence mechanisms, a specific state of consciousness is formed, which allows the individual to maintain the harmony and balance of it`s structure. Today, most researchers consider mental defence mechanisms to be processes of personal intrapsychic adaptation that

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Mwansa, Trevor. "Coping With Racism: An Analysis of Defence Mechanisms Employed by Lubinda in Dominic Mulaisho's The Tongue of the Dumb." Journal of Law and Social Sciences 5, no. 2 (2023): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jlss.5.2.1012.

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Sensitive as racism may be, it has continued to be a problematic reality, a thematic issue and a subject of scholarly discourse. Racism negatively impacts societies and individuals. Thus, the attention and need for relentless efforts in addressing, ameliorating, combating, eradicating and mitigating it. This paper concerns itself with representations and experiences of Racism in Dominic Mulaisho’s The Tongue of the Dumb. Using the Defence Mechanism Theory of Psychoanalysis, it investigates the defence mechanisms employed by a prominent character, Lubinda, to cope with racism. Further, the stud

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Boucher, E., M. Marin, R. Holani, M. Young-Speirs, D. M. Moore, and E. R. Cobo. "Characteristic pro-inflammatory cytokines and host defence cathelicidin peptide produced by human monocyte-derived macrophages infected withNeospora caninum." Parasitology 145, no. 7 (2017): 871–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017002104.

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AbstractNeospora caninumis a coccidian intracellular protozoan capable of infecting a wide range of mammals, although severe disease is mostly reported in dogs and cattle. Innate defences triggered by monocytes/macrophages are key in the pathogenesis of neosporosis, as these cells are first-line defenders against intracellular infections. The aim of this study was to characterize infection and innate responses in macrophages infected withN. caninumusing a well-known cell model to study macrophage functions (human monocyte THP-1 cells). Intracellular invasion of live tachyzoites occurred as fas

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Atzama, Firanisa, and Delvi Wahyuni. "Dealing with Loneliness: A Psychoanalysis Reading of “Smoking with God, The Dollhouese, The Sandcastle” by Rain Chudori (2015)." English Language and Literature 11, no. 3 (2022): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ell.v11i3.118579.

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This research is an analysis of the story by Rain Chudori entitled Smoking with God, The Dollhouse and The Sandcastle (2015). This analysis explores how the character deals with loneliness in each story. The study of this novel is analysed with the psychoanalysis theory and supported by human psyche and defence mechanism. The results of this study show that part of the psychoanalysis of the human psyche and defence mechanism that occurs in the character. This research will include; 1) human psyche and 2) defence mechanism.

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Wilson, R., RB Dowling, and AD Jackson. "The biology of bacterial colonization and invasion of the respiratory mucosa." European Respiratory Journal 9, no. 7 (1996): 1523–30. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003/erj.9.7.1523.

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Despite being regularly exposed to particulate matter during breathing, which contains bacteria from the commensal flora in the nasopharynx and from the environment, the healthy lung is kept sterile by efficient defence mechanisms. Bacterial infections of the respiratory mucosa represent a dynamic interaction, to which both host and bacterial factors contribute. The abnormal host defences associated with chronic respiratory infections (e.g. cystic fibrosis and other forms of bronchiectasis) serve to emphasize their permissive role. The bacteria that cause bronchial infections possess a wide ar

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Maltby, John, Jacqueline Kirwan, and Paddy McCollam. "Scores on a Statistics Test and Scores on the Defense Style Questionnaire." Psychological Reports 83, no. 1 (1998): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.83.1.364.

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Scores for 21 men and 41 women on a university statistics test were compared with scores on the 1993 Defense Style Questionnaire of Andrews, et al. The significant negative association between higher scores on the statistics test and higher scores on the measure of the defence mechanism of projection suggested the latter construct be considered when examining statistical achievement.

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Lillestøl, Reidun, Peter Redder, Roger A. Garrett, and Kim Brügger. "A putative viral defence mechanism in archaeal cells." Archaea 2, no. 1 (2006): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/542818.

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Clusters of regularly spaced direct repeats, separated by unconserved spacer sequences, are ubiquitous in archaeal chromosomes and occur in some plasmids. Some clusters constitute around 1% of chromosomal DNA. Similarly structured clusters, generally smaller, also occur in some bacterial chromosomes. Although early studies implicated these clusters in segregation/partition functions, recent evidence suggests that the spacer sequences derive from extrachromosomal elements, and, primarily, viruses. This has led to the proposal that the clusters provide a defence against viral propagation in cell

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Mahmood, Alaa Mohammed, and İsa Avcı. "Cybersecurity Defence Mechanism Against DDoS Attack with Explainability." Mesopotamian Journal of CyberSecurity 4, no. 3 (2024): 278–90. https://doi.org/10.58496/mjcs/2024/027.

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Application-layer attacks (Layer 7 attacks), a form of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) aimed at web servers, have become a significant concern in cybersecurity because of their ability to disrupt services by overwhelming server resources. This study focuses on addressing the challenges of detecting and mitigating the impact of such attacks, which are difficult to counter due to their sophisticated nature. The primary objective of this study is to develop an effective monitoring and defence model to detect, defend, and respond to these attacks efficiently. To achieve this, SHapley Additive

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Liew, F. Y., and F. E. G. Cox. "Nonspecific defence mechanism: the role of nitric oxide." Immunology Today 12, no. 3 (1991): A17—A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5699(05)80006-4.

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Stamp, T., MV Jenkins, M. Katakity, and CR Kelsey. "P61. Skeletal fluoride uptake: A possible defence mechanism." Bone 15, no. 2 (1994): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(94)90794-3.

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Cornelis, Pierre. "Shielding, a new pathogen defence mechanism against PMNs." Microbiology 155, no. 11 (2009): 3474–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.033969-0.

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Samuel, B. John, and M. Raja Gughan. "MVEE: A Defence Mechanism against Code Injection Attacks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.565.

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The growth of interconnected computer increases the amount and obscurity of attacks. Computer systems require apt security mechanism. Intrusion detection and prevention systems play an important part in detecting and preventing the attacks before they conciliate software. Multi-variant execution environment is an intrusion detection and prevention mechanism that executes several slightly different versions of a program, called variants, in concurrency. The variants are defined as more than 2 same instances. These variants contain the same operational unit of the original program. The variants

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Ritu, Rathore. "A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND DEFENCE MECHANISM." International Educational Applied Research Journal 09, no. 03 (2025): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15103231.

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  Emotional Intelligence has been an important and interested topic during the last few years. Emotional Intelligence (EI) must somehow combine two of the three states of mind cognition and affect, or intelligence and emotion. A number of testing instruments have been developed to measure emotional intelligence, although the content and approach of each test varies. Emotional Intelligence allows us to think more creatively and to use our emotions to solve problems. Emotional Intelligence probably overlaps to some extent with general intelligence. Thus, the EI has increasingly important im

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Watson, Bridget Nora Janice, Elizabeth Pursey, Sylvain Gandon, and Edze Rients Westra. "Transient eco-evolutionary dynamics early in a phage epidemic have strong and lasting impact on the long-term evolution of bacterial defences." PLOS Biology 21, no. 9 (2023): e3002122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002122.

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Organisms have evolved a range of constitutive (always active) and inducible (elicited by parasites) defence mechanisms, but we have limited understanding of what drives the evolution of these orthogonal defence strategies. Bacteria and their phages offer a tractable system to study this: Bacteria can acquire constitutive resistance by mutation of the phage receptor (surface mutation, sm) or induced resistance through their CRISPR-Cas–adaptive immune system. Using a combination of theory and experiments, we demonstrate that the mechanism that establishes first has a strong advantage because it

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Meresa, Birhanu Kahsay, Jasper Matthys, and Tina Kyndt. "Biochemical Defence of Plants against Parasitic Nematodes." Plants 13, no. 19 (2024): 2813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13192813.

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Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs), such as Meloidogyne spp., Heterodera spp. and Pratylenchus spp., are obligate parasites on a wide range of crops, causing significant agricultural production losses worldwide. These PPNs mainly feed on and within roots, impairing both the below-ground and the above-ground parts, resulting in reduced plant performance. Plants have developed a multi-component defence mechanism against diverse pathogens, including PPNs. Several natural molecules, ranging from cell wall components to secondary metabolites, have been found to protect plants from PPN attack by confe

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Vijayakumari, G., U. Rajasekaran, and T. Velmurugan. "WARFIELD SPYING ROVER WITH DEFENCE MECHANISM FOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 6 (2021): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i06.037.

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The soldier serves the Armed forcesof our nation. The importance of soldiers in India is very high in defending and protecting the borders. The soldier's life security plays a vital role in the field of the military. To overcome this problem, we have planned to replace smart rovers in hazardous areas wherethe soldiers feel insecure. The rover will have aSniper Gun which is used to help the soldiers for defence purposes. Sniper Gun can be moved in any direction with the help of servo motors. The proposed project consists of two main parts: Defence & Surveillance, for surveillance, we are ha

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Moumen, Idriss, Najat Rafalia, Jaafar Abouchabaka, and Youssef Chatoui. "AODV-based Defense Mechanism for Mitigating Blackhole Attacks in MANET." E3S Web of Conferences 412 (2023): 01094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341201094.

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Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are decentralized and self-configuring networks composed of mobile devices that communicate without a fixed infrastructure. However, the open nature of MANETs makes them vulnerable to various security threats, including blackhole attacks, where malicious nodes attract and discard network traffic without forwarding it to its intended destination. Mitigating blackhole attacks is crucial to ensure the reliability and security of communication in MANETs. This paper focuses on the development and evaluation of AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector)-based defence mec

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