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1

Kinne, Brandon J. "The Defense Cooperation Agreement Dataset (DCAD)." Journal of Conflict Resolution 64, no. 4 (2019): 729–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002719857796.

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The academic study of defense cooperation focuses heavily on formal military alliances. Yet, governments rarely sign new alliances, and the global alliance structure has remained relatively static for decades. By contrast, governments are increasingly active in defense cooperation agreements (DCAs). These bilateral framework treaties institutionalize their signatories’ day-to-day defense relations, facilitating such wide-ranging activities as defense policy coordination, joint research and development, weapons production and arms trade, joint military exercises, training and exchange programs,
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2

Pilloni, John R. "The Belarusian-Russian Joint Defense Agreement." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 22, no. 4 (2009): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040903355778.

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3

Park, Tai Joon. "The Effects of Reciprocal Defense Procurement Agreement on Domestic Defense Industry." Taegu Science University Defense Security Institute 8, no. 3 (2024): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37181/jscs.2024.8.3.047.

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As the global defense market is booming, K-Defense Industry is also achieving the best performance. However, in order for K-Defense Industry to expand defense exports and secure sustainability, it is necessary to enter the world's largest U.S. defense market by signing a Reciprocal Defense Procurement-Agreement(hereafter RDP). The government is still in working-level negotiations with the aim of signing an RDP in 2024, but there are still concerns about encroaching on the defense market in Korea. To dispel them, it is necessary to examine the impact on the domestic defense market through case
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4

Milia, Jana, Yandry Kurniawan, and Wibisono Poespitohadi. "ANALYSIS OF DEFENSE COOPERATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN INDONESIA AND SINGAPORE IN 2007–2017 THROUGH DEFENSE DIPLOMACY GOAL VARIABLE." Jurnal Pertahanan 4, no. 2 (2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v4i2.283.

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<pre>Defense cooperation agreement between Indonesia and Singapore has been signed on April 27th 2007 in Tampak Siring, Bali by both country’s defense Minister, signifying a further comprehensive agreement based on the content of the DCA (Defense Cooperation Agreement). This defense agreement, in addition of being a continuation of other previous defense cooperation such as Military Training Area in 1995 until 2003, is also a further initiative of Singapore in order to build a mutually beneficial cooperation. In fact, this agreement has also been packaged with extradition agreement which
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5

Komkova, E. "Canadian Defense Industry as a Part of the U.S. Military Industrial Complex." World Economy and International Relations 69, no. 5 (2025): 66–76. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2025-69-5-66-76.

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Since the beginning of World War II, Canada and the United States have engaged in intensive defense industrial cooperation that has resulted in the integration of their defense industries. The official term used for explaining this phenomenon is a North American defense industrial base. The driving force behind this integration were the top U.S. defense companies, which opened their numerous branches and subsidiaries in Canada, and took command positions in the Canadian defense industry. The U.S.-Canadian defense industrial relationship has been incrementally institutionalized in several frame
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6

Mikhaylova, Ekaterina V. "Right Protection and Reconciliation of the Parties: The Issue of the Concepts and Correlation." Arbitrazh-civil procedure 2 (February 11, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-383x-2021-2-31-35.

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The article analyzes the concept of legal protection, reveals its features. A distinction is made between protection of law and protection of law. Self-defense of civil rights is investigated. It is shown that self-defense is not an independent method of legal protection, since its result is not guaranteed by the state, and self-defense measures can be qualified as an offense. The concept and grounds for concluding an amicable agreement are revealed. It has been proved that amicable agreements can be concluded only in cases of a private law nature. Settlement agreements in public-law conflicts
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7

SHCHERBYNA, V. S., and T. V. BODNAR. "STATE CONTRACT (AGREEMENT) IN THE FIELD OF DEFENSE PROCUREMENT." Law and Society, no. 1 (2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32842/2078-3736/2021.1.13.

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8

Mashovets, Asiya O., and Yelena Yu Nikiforova. "THE POSITION OF THE DEFENSE COUNSEL AND THE CONFIDANT — IS THE DISCREPANCY ADMISSIBLE?" LEGAL ORDER: History, Theory, Practice 41, no. 2 (2024): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2311-696x-2024-41-2-75-80.

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The article is devoted to theoretical issues and practice of expressing the inconsistency of defense positions among the participants of criminal proceedings represented by the lawyer and the accused (defendant), at various stages of criminal proceedings, which entails the violation of the right to defense and the limits of the trial as a whole. The manifestation of the lack of agreement in the positions of the defense counsel and the defendant is most often a different interpretation of the factual circumstances (the charge), which is reflected in a change in the qualification of the act comm
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9

Deny, Wirawan, Pramono Budi, and Budi Prasetyo Triyoga. "Defense Diplomacy Strategy in Handling Transnational Crimes at the Sea Borders of Indonesia – Malaysia – Filipina." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 05, no. 2 (2022): 376–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5955790.

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Transnational crimes, especially terrorism, were committed by the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) on the Indonesian – Malaysian Sea border considered by Indonesia as a threat that can disrupt the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. Because transnational crimes occur on the borders of three countries, they cannot be handled independently. Therefore, Indonesia together with Malaysia and the Philippines carry out defense diplomacy in the form of a Trilateral Cooperative Agreement (TCA) to deal with transnational crimes in the border area. The purpose of this study is
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10

Kristian Montolalu, Reynaldo Rudy, and Banyu Perwita. "PHILIPPINE – US DEFENSE COOPERATION: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF “THE ENHANCED DEFENSE COOPERATION AGREEMENT” TO RESPOND CHINA’S ASSERTIVENESS IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA (2010 – 2016)." Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies 3, no. 1 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/japs.v3i1.1032.

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China assertiveness in the South China Sea has considered as part of its national ambition to dominate most of the sea area as stated in its claim on the “nine-dashed line”. This China assertiveness could be seen in its more active policy by projected military power in area disputing. As one of the claimant states, the Philippine felt that China’s actions toward the region have harmed their territorial sovereignty over the West Philippine Sea. The disputed matter between the Philippine and China count active to flare up from 2010 to 2016 which marked with several incidents between both o
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11

Cahyana, Taufik Budi, Achmad Wardana, Hudoro Tahdi, and Y. H. Yogaswara. "Strategy for Accelerating the Mastery of Defense Technology in the Procurement of Dassault Rafale Combat Aircraft." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 6, no. 2 (2023): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i2.825.

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The selection of the Rafale was based on the defense relationship between Indonesia and France which had existed for a very long time, besides that, it was also based on the foreign policy adopted by Indonesia, namely the free and active policy shown by several defense equipments owned by Indonesia, not only from a certain country. In this case, it is hoped that Indonesia will not depend on the procurement of defense equipment from abroad and the implementation of Transfer of Technology, Local Content, and Offsets on Rafale fighter jets can run as expected, therefore a strategy is needed in ac
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12

Кrivolapov, O. "The U.S. Missile Defese Policy Perspectives during the J. Biden Administration." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 11 (2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-11-15-23.

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The article provides an analysis of the state of affairs in the field of the U.S. missile defense, inherited by the Biden administration from the previous administration. The U. S. missile defense policy can be roughly divided into three components: homeland missile defense, regional missile defense, and advanced developments related to these both parts. Conclusions are made about the prospects of missile defense policy, taking into account such factors as the views of experts from think tanks close to the Democratic Party, funding of programs, and measures taken in the field of missile defens
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13

Lee, So Young, and Shizhuo Zhong. "Analysis of Buy American Act & Reciprocal Defense Procurement Agreement." Korea Law Review 98 (September 30, 2020): 199–241. http://dx.doi.org/10.36532/kulri.2020.98.199.

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14

Petersen, Nikolaj. "Negotiating the 1951 Greenland Defense Agreement: Theoretical and Empirical Aspects." Scandinavian Political Studies 21, no. 1 (1998): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9477.1998.tb00001.x.

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15

Teremetsʹkyy, V., and N. Huts. "PROCEDURE NOVATIONS FOR CONCLUDING INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR AGREEMENTS." Scientific Notes Series Law 1, no. 12 (2022): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-9230-2022-12-176-181.

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The article is focused on defining procedure novations for concluding independent contractor agreements. The existence of two tendencies in the legal construction of the procedure for concluding an independent contractor agreement has been emphasized: unchanged architectonics of the procedure for concluding an acceptance and introducing novation elements into this system, which depend on the method of concluding and the purpose of the corresponding agreement. The general and special procedures for concluding independent contractor agreements have been characterized. General procedure – is when
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16

McGivern, Brendan P. "The WTO Seal Products Panel—The “Public Morals” Defense." Global Trade and Customs Journal 9, Issue 2 (2014): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2014010.

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A WTO Panel has rendered a split decision in a challenge by Canada and Norway to the EU ban on seal products. The Panel ruled that the ban violated the national treatment and MFN obligations of the EU under Article 2.1 of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) as well as under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The Panel rejected the argument that the ban was "more trade-restrictive than necessary" under TBT Article 2.2. The Reports of the WTO Panel in European Communities - Measures Prohibiting the Importation and Marketing of Seal Products (DS400, DS401)
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17

Wahyuni, Rifani Agnes Eka, Surryanto Djoko Waluyo, and Haposan Simatupang. "STRENGTHENING THE CYBER DEFENSE CENTER OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA (PUSDATIN KEMHAN) TO SUPPORT THE INDONESIAN DEFENSE DIPLOMACY IN CYBER DEFENSE SECURITY COOPERATION IN ASEAN." Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 7, no. 3 (2021): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i3.747.

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<div><p class="Els-history-head">The development of information technology in the international world impacts cyberspace, covering all aspects of national life. So, the government must understand the condition of cyber security in Indonesia and build a national defense system to overcome various threats that come through cyberspace. ASEAN has become one of the platforms for Indonesia to fight for its national interests to support national security in the cyber field. The purpose of this research is to analyze the efforts to strengthen the national defense system based on five aspec
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18

Safonova, Anastasiya. "Appointment of a defense counsel in a criminal case: legal essence and procedural order." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2022, no. 3 (2022): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2022-3-124-130.

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The presence of a lawyer in a criminal process is the most effective means of protecting the suspect (accused), since it is the defender who can provide qualified legal assistance. The problematic issues of the participation of a defense counsel in a criminal case have been studied for a long time. At the same time, the versatility of the topic under consideration objectively determines the fact that not all issues have been studied in an exhaustive way. In particular, certain aspects of inviting and appointing a defense lawyer, the procedural registration of the actions of the investigator to
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19

Athirah, Nurul. "From Diplomacy to Industry: Evaluating the Long-Term Impacts of Indonesia – Türkiye Defense Cooperation on Regional Stability." Journal of Migration and Political Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.69510/mipos.1637396.

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Building on over seventy years of relations, Indonesia-Türkiye’s bilateral cooperation experienced significant growth following the 2010 defense agreement. The collaboration between Indonesia and Türkiye exemplifies a progressive method in defense diplomacy, integrating strategic cooperation with industrial innovations. Anchored in shared geopolitical interests, this collaboration has led to significant advancements, including the development of the Tiger Tank (KAPLAN MT/APC) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), representing critical milestones in Indonesia's defense modernization and industria
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20

Madrid, Jay J., David F. Johnson, and Joseph P. Regan. "The Merger Clause: A Potential Defense to the Mann Frankfort Implied Promise?" Texas Wesleyan Law Review 18, no. 4 (2012): 729–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v18.i4.3.

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It is not difficult to imagine a case where a long time salesperson leaves her former employer and begins work with a new employer. When the salesperson began employment with her former employer, the former employer required the salesperson to sign an employment agreement. This agreement contained a covenant not to compete that stated that the salesperson would not compete with the former employer after he resigned. It also provided that she would not use the former employer's confidential information. But the agreement did not provide any express promise that the former employer would ever gi
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21

Tatyanina, L. G., and F. A. Abasheva. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROTECTION IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INQUIRY IN AN ABBREVIATED FORM." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 2 (2021): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-2-312-317.

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The article deals with the problems of ensuring the right to protection of suspects in criminal proceedings on crimes investigated in a reduced form of inquiry. The authors draw attention to the need to exclude the formal approach in ensuring the right to a defense in the production of an inquiry in a shortened form, since subsequently the criminal case is considered in a court session in the order of chapter II. 40 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, in which there is no judicial investigation, in connection with which the accused, who does not understand the subtleti
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22

Sokolsky, Joel J. "Changing Strategies, Technologies and Organization: The Continuing Debate on NORAD and the Strategic Defense Initiative." Canadian Journal of Political Science 19, no. 4 (1986): 751–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842390005513x.

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AbstractThe renewal of the Canada-US North American Aerospace Defence (NORAD) agreement in March 1986 will not end the debate on the relationship between NORAD and trends in American strategy, including the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). This article reviews and explains the various strains of that debate. It points out why some in Canada argue that participation in NORAD will inevitably lead to Canadian involvement in the ballistic missile defence objective of the SDI. It also notes, however, why the military and other observers are concerned that strategic and technological trends in th
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23

Arsovski, Marjan, and Saše Gerasimoski. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN DEFENSE POLICY." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 6 (2018): 1821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28061821m.

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European Union member states have always recognized the need to act together in foreign policy and defense matters, but this has proved to be a difficult challenge and hard to achieved. The principle of a common foreign and security policy (CFSP) was formalized for the first time in 1992 by the Treaty of Maastricht, but creation of formal secondary instruments for diplomacy and intervention were needed pursuant to regional conflicts in the 1990s. Such decisive actions are the European Union peacekeeping missions to several of the world’s trouble spots which promote development of the European
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Pajares, Glenn, and Marietta Bongcales. "The Philippine and U.S. Expanded Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA): An Analysis." Recoletos Multidisciplinary Research Journal 2, no. 2 (2017): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32871/rmrj1402.02.08.

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25

Seok, Mihwa, Sunghoon Park, and Youngmin Choi. "Policy Suggestions for Revitalization of Defense R&D Agreement System." Journal of the Korean Association of Defense Industry Studies 31, no. 3 (2024): 73–87. https://doi.org/10.52798/kadis.2024.31.3.6.

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26

Demura, Marina. "On the issue of determining the circumstances to be taken into account by the courts when approving plea agreements in cases of corruption offenses." Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine, no. 4(45) (February 19, 2024): 140–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37566/2707-6849-2023-4(45)-12.

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In the article, based on the analysis of law enforcement practice, we highlight the following as circumstances that courts take into account when considering and approving a plea agreement in cases of corruption offenses: 1) the degree of social danger of the offense and the role of the person in the committed act; 2) compliance of the terms of the agreement with the interests of society. The analysis of court decisions made it possible to state that the presence of public interest is justified by the following factors: provision of quick court proceedings, which will ensure full, timely and i
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27

Jayakumar, Uma Mazyck, Sara E. Grummert, and Annie S. Adamian. "The Whiteness Protection Program: A Typology of Agentic White Defense." JCSCORE 10, no. 2 (2024): 83–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2024.10.2.83-111.

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White defensiveness in response to racial justice education has increasingly been understood through the “white fragility” framework. This study puts forth a new framework that instead identifies a typology of white defensive moves that actively work to uphold and fortify the white racial contract. Inspired by Solórzano and Delgado-Bernal’s (2001) framework for understanding students of color resistance to racism as active (even when it might look passive, on the surface), our theoretical model illustrates four distinct categories of white racial defense that actively protect whiteness. Becaus
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28

Borges de Oliveira, Emerson Ademir, and Julienne de Melo Kill Aguirre. "Direito antitruste, Lei Anticorrupção e acordo de leniência." Revista Electrónica de Direito 23, no. 3 (2020): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2182-9845_2020-0003_0005.

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The Brazilian Competition Defense System, built by Law 12,529 / 2011, received, in 2013, an important contribution from the Anti-Corruption Law (Law 12,846). In one of the aspects in common, the laws stipulate the Leniency Program or Agreement, aimed at recognizing the economic infraction and the corruptive business practice, facilitating the investigation of infractions, as well as any co-authors, in exchange for benefits regarding the punitive aspects. This essay intends, at first, to understand the origin and historical evolution of “leniency” in Brazil, differentiating the institutes fores
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29

Weinig, William. "Other Transaction Authority: Saint or Sinner for Defense Acquisition?" Delivering Performance at the Speed of Relevance: Agile Aquisition Approaches 26, no. 88 (2019): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22594/dau.19-818.26.02.

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The Department of Defense (DoD) has a powerful tool at its disposal to reach innovative, nontraditional defense contractors and execute rapid, flexible business arrangements with industry. Legislation refers to this tool as Other Transaction Authority. One type of agreement made under this authority is Other Transactions (OT) for prototype projects. These agreements are powerful because they sidestep the vast majority of existing laws and regulations dictating how the government goes about spending money. They carry an absolute minimum level of restrictions and place significant discretion int
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30

Chirninov, Aldar. "“Is silence golden?”: The constitutionality of the refusal of a person who has entered into a pre-trial cooperation agreement to answer questions from the defense." Sravnitel noe konstitucionnoe obozrenie 32, no. 1 (2023): 172–80. https://doi.org/10.21128/1812-7126-2023-1-172-180.

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This article examines the constitutionality of the refusal by a person who has entered into a pre-trial cooperation agreement to answer the defense’s questions in the course of judicial interrogation. Referring to the witness immunity provision of the Russian Constitution, courts deny the defense the opportunity to ask any questions of a person who has entered into a pre-trial cooperation agreement and who testifies against the defendant. At the same time, the refusal of this person to answer questions by the defense is not regarded as a refusal to testify and, accordingly, does not entail the
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31

Yoo, Inseok. "Evaluation of the Moon Jae-in Administration's Defense Policy and Military Strategy." Korea Research Institute for Strategy 31, no. 3 (2024): 251–79. https://doi.org/10.46226/jss.2024.11.31.3.251.

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In the peaceful mood of inter-Korean reconciliation and cooperation, defense policy was often faced with the dilemma of confronting the conflicting strategic demands of maintaining firm defense posture and building military confidence. As North Korea policy occupies a key position in the national security strategy, it has had a significant impact on defense policy, which has led to ideological cleavage and confusion in the formulation of policies and strategies. This paper evaluates the Moon Jae-in Administration's defense policy from the perspective of the dynamics between politics and the mi
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32

Kalacheva, E. N. "The problems and solutions of the defense lawyer in criminal court: digital time challenges." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 11 (January 14, 2021): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2020.75.11.112-123.

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The article discusses the rules of appointing a defense lawyer in criminal proceedings. The author analyzes the regional chambers of lawyers practice; based on the analysis of the disciplinary practice, the author identifi es the main problems that appear in the activities of defense appointed lawyers while using the automated systems for distributing assignments between appointed lawyers by the bodies of inquiry, investigation or court, and possible ways to solve them. The article draws attention to the fact that the introduction of automated systems for appointing lawyers as defenders in cri
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Ravindran, Rajesh Babu. "India." Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 12, no. 2 (2024): 212–15. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134484-12340205.

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Abstract This article evaluates South Korea’s evolving state practice of international law and explores the growing strategic partnership between South Korea and India. It highlights Korea’s constitutional approach to international law, direct application of treaties, and active engagement in global issues, including human rights, environment, and security. The analysis emphasizes the impact of Korea’s “New Southern Policy” and India’s “Act East Policy,” which have facilitated greater diplomatic, economic, and defense collaboration between the two nations. With strategic agreements like the Co
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34

Wicaksono, Agus Purwo. "Policy Effectiveness: Indonesia-China Defense Cooperation Study." Journal of Social Science (JoSS) 1, no. 3 (2022): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.57185/joss.v1i3.38.

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Each country carries out defense cooperation with different levels of commitment. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence KPIT in increasing the readiness of the Indonesian military. As a follow-up, the Indonesian government, in this case the Ministry of Defense, has implemented regulatory and allocative actions. Several rules have been published, socialized, controlled and supervised. The appointment of officials has been carried out and supported by existing resources, so that all activities according to the agreement of the two countries have been carried out. Defense cooperat
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Sofia Naliza Sitepu, Rafa Shabirah, and Tamaulina Br.Sembiring. "Kebijakan Indonesia dan Fiji Menyepakati Perjanjian Kerja Sama di Bidang Pertahanan." Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2024): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.62007/joupi.v2i2.285.

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This research analyzes the policy of the defense cooperation agreement between Indonesia and Fiji, which aims to increase military capabilities and strengthen stability and security in the Pacific and Southeast Asia regions. This agreement includes joint training, exchange of intelligence information, and transfer of military technology. The research results show that this cooperation provides various significant benefits, including increased military preparedness and closer diplomatic relations. However, implementing this agreement faces a number of challenges such as differences in military
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36

MEDINA, JOSE. "IN DEFENSE OF PRAGMATIC CONTEXTUALISM: WITTGENSTEIN AND DEWEY ON MEANING AND AGREEMENT." Philosophical Forum 35, no. 3 (2004): 341–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9191.2004.00177.x.

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Ulum, Arfa Bahrul, and Reni Windiani. "GEJOLAK INDO-PASIFIK: ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN AUSTRALIA DALAM MERESPON ANCAMAN TIONGKOK DI KAWASAN INDO-PASIFIK." Journal of International Relations Diponegoro 9, no. 1 (2023): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jirud.v9i1.38051.

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Australia conducts defense cooperation with Japan within the framework of the Reciprocal Access Agreement (RAA). The signing of this cooperation was carried out online on January 6, 2022. The signing of this defense cooperation is the second in a period of 6 months after previously Australia did it with the United States and Britain. Meanwhile in the Indo-Pacific, China continues to exert influence in the region and carries out several threatening activities. This research will try to explain the phenomenon between Australia and Japan and its relationship with China. This research will use the
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38

Tunggati, Melki T., Arif M. Ibrahim, and Sri Wahyuni S. Moha. "Discourse on Consumer Legal Protection on The Inclusion of Exoneration Clauses (Standardised Contract) In An Agreement." Jurnal Hukum Bisnis 2, no. 2 (2024): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37606/j-kumbis.v2i2.203.

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The purpose of this study is to find out whether the standard agreement reflects the principle of freedom of contract in an agreement and the form of legal protection against the inclusion of the standard clause in an agreement. The results of this study indicate that the application of the standard clause in an agreement does not reflect and does not realize the principle of full freedom of contract, because the consumer has only the freedom to decide whether he makes a contract or not and the freedom to vote with whom he will make the agreement. While the debtor has absolutely no freedom to
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Želvys, Arūnas. "Neišimtinės prekių ženklo licencinės sutarties licenciato teisinės padėties ypatumai." Teisė 71 (January 1, 2009): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2009.0.290.

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Straipsnyje analizuojami neišimtinės prekių ženklo licencinės sutarties licenciato teisinės padėties ypa­tumai, susiję su licenciato teise į teisminę gynybą: licenciato galimybė savarankiškai kreiptis į teismą dėl jam suteiktų teisių gynimo, licenciaro vaidmuo užtikrinant licenciato teisių gynimą, teisės į teisminę gy­nybą įgyvendinimo įtaka licencinės sutarties galiojimui, licencinės sutarties šalių teisės ir pareigos ir kiti susiję klausimai. The article investigates peculiarities of legal status of licensee of non-exclusive trademark license agre­ement: the possibility of a licensee to appl
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Syarifuddin, Kurniawan Firmuzi, Lukman Yudho Prakoso, and Joni Widjayanto. "TOTAL WAR IMPLEMENTED IN DEFENCE DIPLOMACY: CASE STUDY OF THE RE-NEGOTIATION OF THE DEFENCE COOPERATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE (DCA INDONESIA-SINGAPORE)." Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 7, no. 1 (2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i1.1118.

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<p>Total war is not always associated with power seizure using physical means, however, the real meaning is how a country could implement the whole of resources to fight for their national interest. This study is aimed to provide an understanding that total war could be implemented in all areas of activities. The study is conducted with a qualitative descriptive method through a case study approach, library study, interview, and observation in the field. It has been implemented in defense diplomacy accordingly without our awareness. For instance, in the case of the delay in the Indonesia
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Kohutych, I. "TACTICAL COMPONENTS OF THE PROSECUTOR’S ACTIONS TO CONCLUDE A PLEA AGREEMENT FOR THE ACCUSED." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 66 (2021): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2021.66.20.

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The article is devoted to the study of certain tactical aspects of the he prosecutor’s participation in the conclusion of an agreement on the confession of guilt by the accused. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a system of forensic recommendations regarding the provision of this direction of the prosecutor’s activity in court proceedings. It is stated that the institution of criminal procedure has appeared in Ukraine based on agreements, that is, a mechanism with separate contractual (compromise) elements during the resolution of criminal legal conflicts, which belongs to the so
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Klimov, V., and S. Oznobishchev. "U.S. Missile Defense: from National Territory Protection to NATO Defense." World Economy and International Relations 67, no. 12 (2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-12-5-15.

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The 1972 ABM Treaty between the USSR and the USA allowed for the deployment of a limited strategic missile defense system, but established a strict ban on the deployment of anti-missile systems outside their national territory. The agreement was the first turn in the U.S. policy in this area, determining the direction and content of missile defense development programs for many years to come. Once every ten years, the United States revised its policy, for instance, R. Reagan’s intention in 1983 to build a large-scale space-based missile defense system was seen as an attempt to move away from t
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Hameed, Musavir, Sana Ullah, and Harsa. "Analyzing U.S.-India Military and Non-Military Agreements: Regional Implications for Pakistan and China." Journal of Peace and Diplomacy 6, no. 1 (2025): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.59111/jpd.006.01.0109.

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South Asia is on the brink of a renewed arms race, as major and regional powers seek to assert their strategic influence in the region. The United States and China are engaged in a broader geopolitical rivalry, supporting India and Pakistan respectively to counter each other’s regional dominance. The United States, as the sole superpower following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, views the rise of China as a significant threat to its hegemony. In response, it is vigorously supporting India across multiple domains to contain China’s influence. The strategic partnership between India and
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de la Maza, Iñigo, and Boris Loayza Mosqueira. "Previous Contract? Precario and the Suitability of the Promise Agreement as a Defense." Latin American Legal Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 353–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15691/0719-9112vol11n1a9.

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Despite its modest appearance, paragraph 2 of article 2195 of the Civil Code has been an infallible source of conflict. What interests us in this study is the existence of a promise agreement as a defense of the occupant in the face of a “precario” action. The problem is the existence of two incompatible ideas or theories in the case law. Our objective is to show these ideas and propose a solution.
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Kots, E. P. "Problematic aspects of involvement and participation of a defense attorney during a special pre-trial investigation (in absentia)." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (June 23, 2023): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.02.59.

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The article examines the problems that arise with the involvement and participation of a defense attorney during a special pre-trial investigation. It has been established that there is an inconsistency in the legislation between the general procedure for the involvement of a defense attorney in criminal proceedings and special regulations regulating the participation of a defense attorney during a special pre-trial investigation (in absentia). In order to eliminate this inconsistency and ensure the suspect’s right to defense, it is proposed to make appropriate changes to the Criminal Procedur
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Baiuduck, O. A. "PROCEDURAL STATUS OF A DEFENSE ATTORNEY IN A CRIMINAL TRIAL: PECULIARITIES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ON TREASON." Herald of criminal justice, no. 1-2 (2022): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2413-5372.2022.1-2/192-207.

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The article examines the problematic issues of the procedural status of the defender and its implementation in criminal proceedings on treason. It is emphasized that the rights of the defender are derived from the rights of the suspect, the accused, whose protection is provided by the defender. Unlike other participants in criminal proceedings, a defense attorney cannot independently participate in it without concluding an agreement with the client or without receiving a mandate from the center of secondary free legal aid. The only person authorized by law to perform the function of a defense
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Hochhauser, Dina, Adi Millman, and Rotem Sorek. "The defense island repertoire of the Escherichia coli pan-genome." PLOS Genetics 19, no. 4 (2023): e1010694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010694.

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It has become clear in recent years that anti-phage defense systems cluster non-randomly within bacterial genomes in so-called “defense islands”. Despite serving as a valuable tool for the discovery of novel defense systems, the nature and distribution of defense islands themselves remain poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively mapped the defense system repertoire of >1,300 strains of Escherichia coli, the most widely studied organism for phage-bacteria interactions. We found that defense systems are usually carried on mobile genetic elements including prophages, integrative co
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Bhattacharya, Sumanta, Jayanta Ray, Shakti Sinha, and Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev. "AN ANALYSIS ON INDIA’S MILITARY DEVELOPMENT AND SUCCESS OVER THE YEARS." International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 1, no. 9 (2021): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2021.1.9.011.

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India has signed agreement with Philippines BrahMos and now India is going to sign deal with Korean next Gen gunship. India is emerging as an alternative to China in export of defense items .India’s Made in India programme has led to the development of indigenous products with both Public and Private sector involved and also start-ups and small enterprise have entered, Today, India has the largest ground force in the world and the 4th largest army, it has world’s finest weapons, aircrafts and submarine. Since Independence India has advanced its defence sector with research and development , al
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Horn, Henrik. "National Treatment in the GATT." American Economic Review 96, no. 1 (2006): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282806776157768.

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The National Treatment (NT) clause is the first-line defense in the GATT (and in most other trade agreements) against opportunistic exploitation of the inevitable incompleteness of the agreement. This paper examines the role of NT as it applies to internal taxation under the GATT. It is shown that despite severely restricting the freedom to set internal taxes, NT may improve government welfare, but it will not completely solve the incomplete contract problem it is meant to remedy. Furthermore, it requires a high degree of economic sophistication on behalf of trade negotiators in order for this
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Schachter, Oscar. "Self-Defense and the Rule of Law." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 2 (1989): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2202738.

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Self-defense on the international level is generally regarded, at least by international lawyers, as a legal right defined and legitimated by international law. Governments, by and large, appear to agree. When they have used force, they have nearly always claimed self-defense as their legal justification. Governments disputing that claim have usually asserted that the legal conditions of self-defense were not met in the particular case. However, despite the apparent agreement that self-defense is governed by law, the meaning and validity of that proposition remain open to question. There are s
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