Relevant bibliographies by topics / Defining Issues Test

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Defining Issues Test'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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Thoma, Stephen J., and Yangxue Dong. "The Defining Issues Test of moral judgment development." Behavioral Development Bulletin 19, no. 3 (2014): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0100590.

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Rest, James, Stephen J. Thoma, Darcia Narvaez, and Muriel J. Bebeau. "Alchemy and beyond: Indexing the Defining Issues Test." Journal of Educational Psychology 89, no. 3 (1997): 498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.3.498.

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Barnett, Robert, Jean Evens, and James Rest. "Faking moral judgement on the Defining Issues Test." British Journal of Social Psychology 34, no. 3 (1995): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01063.x.

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Boggs, S. A. "Issues in defining a type test for GIS disconnectors." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 5, no. 4 (1990): 1839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.103680.

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Murk, Donald A., and John A. Addleman. "Relations among Moral Reasoning, Locus of Control, and Demographic Variables among College Students." Psychological Reports 70, no. 2 (1992): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.2.467.

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This study was conducted to examine the relationships among Rest's Defining Issues Test, Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and demographic variables. 205 undergraduates from two secular universities and one religious liberal arts college from the Middle Atlantic states were given the Defining Issues Test, the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and a demographic questionnaire. The Pearson correlations indicated significant associations between the Defining Issues Test scored for percentage of principled reasoning about moral dilemmas and five demographic variables. Analy
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Staehr, L. J., and G. J. Byrne. "Using the defining issues test for evaluating computer ethics teaching." IEEE Transactions on Education 46, no. 2 (2003): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/te.2002.808274.

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Crowson, H. Michael, and Teresa K. DeBacker. "Political Identification and the Defining Issues Test: Reevaluating an Old Hypothesis." Journal of Social Psychology 148, no. 1 (2008): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/socp.148.1.43-60.

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Jagger, Suzy, and John Strain. "Assessing students' ethical development in computing with the defining issues test." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 5, no. 1 (2007): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14779960710822674.

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Hoffmann, Nils Christian, and Sebastian Müller. "Der Defining-Issues-Tests (DIT) in der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Konsumforschung." WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium 50, no. 9 (2021): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2021-9-4.

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Der auf der kognitiven Entwicklungstheorie moralischen Urteilens von Kohlberg basierende Defining Issues Test (DIT) ist eine Methode, mit der sich Aussagen über die moralische Urteilsfähigkeit von Individuen treffen lassen. Mit Hilfe verschiedener Indizes können Handlungsdilemmata empirisch untersucht werden und so neue Impulse für die wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Forschung gewonnen werden.
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Figueiredo Dalla Costa Ames, Maria Clara, Ana Ester da Costa, Maurício Custódio Serafim, and Daniel Moraes Pinheiro. "DESENVOLVIMENTO MORAL E RACIONALIDADE NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES: ANALISANDO O DEFINING ISSUES TEST – 2." Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Micro e Pequenas Empresas 04, no. 03 (2019): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20872/24478407/regmpe.v4n3p128-148.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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Lavarias, Romeo Balagtas. "A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMERGENCY PERSONNEL BASED ON THE DEFINING ISSUES TEST." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/58.

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Utilizing Lawrence Kohlberg's cognitive moral development theory as the guiding theory, the research undertaken sought to explore the moral decision-making process of emergency planners in the state of Florida. To assess the quantitative measurement for moral judgment, the research applied and used the Defining Issues Test (DIT) developed by James Rest (1979). The research examined the relationship between education, gender, age, and ethics training against the moral maturity of Florida emergency planners. With ethical maturity level as the dependent variable, analysis showed a significant dif
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Winder, Daniel R. "Macromorality and Mormons: A Psychometric Investigation and Qualitative Evaluation of the Defining Issues Test-2." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/448.

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In 1988, P. Scott Richard's dissertation research at the University of Minnesota asserted that the Defining Issues Test (DIT), a widely accepted paper-and-pencil test of moral reasoning, exhibited item bias against religiously orthodox persons. Since 1988 (when Richard's data were reported), new methods of differential-item functioning (DIF) have developed, a new DIT has emerged (the DIT-2), as well as a Neo-Kohlbergian framework based upon moral schemas derived from Kohlberg's Piagetian-like six stages. With new methods, new tests, and unanswered questions, this study's results imply: (1) tha
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Gendron, David. "Better Differentiation of Kohlberg's Stage 6 Using a Modified Form of Rest's Defining Issues Test." TopSCHOLAR®, 1987. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2380.

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The present research attempted to modify Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) in order to better differentiate stage 6 moral reasoners from stage 5 reasoners. A review of the literature showed that the DIT seems to be both reliable and valid, yet it is unable to clearly differentiate between the stages of principled moral reasoning. After three pilot tests, newly developed stage 6 items were added to the DIT. The revised DIT was then administered to people believed to be stage 6 reasoners. Of the 30 respondents, three made the stage 6 cutoff. No stage 6 items were shown to clearly differentiate b
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Campbell, William Clarence. "A STUDY OF THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE EMPLOYEES OF THE TAX ADMINISTRATION OF KOSOVO BASED ON THE DEFINING ISSUES TEST." NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/16.

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The population of Kosovo had suffered years of abuse, ethnic cleansing, turmoil, human atrocities, and constant conflict--the results of which plunged Kosovo into costly war. Following the war, Kosovo was placed under the protection of the United Nations in 1999. Kosovo received many years of support and developmental assistance from the international community. Kosovo became a sovereign nation in February 2008. Kosovo's government immediately recognized the importance of serving the needs of the people with responsibility and integrity. There is no institution more important to the successful
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Sullivan, Ethan. "Can ethics be taught? A quasi-experimental study of the impact of class size on the cognitive moral reasoning of freshmen business students." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1840.

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Thesis advisor: Karen Arnold<br>The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a business ethics course on the cognitive moral reasoning of freshmen business students. The sample consisted of 268 college students enrolled in a required business ethics course. The students took Rest's Defining Issues Test - Version 2 (DIT2) as a pre-test and then post-test (upon completing the course). Descriptive analyses, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression were employed to compare the pre-test and post-test scores of the students and to determine the relationship, if any, between the variables
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Marx, Benjamin Robert. "Understanding The Relationship Between Moral Reasoning And Liberalism-Conservatism." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/643.

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This thesis aims to clarify the nature of the relationship between moral reasoning, as per the neo-Kohlbergian DIT approach of Rest and his colleagues, and liberalism-conservatism. Moral reasoning and liberalism-conservatism are consistently found to be related but the resultant interpretation that liberals are more moral-cognitively advanced than conservatives has been challenged by Emler and his colleagues who argue that the DIT is liberally biased. Subsequent research on this issue has produced a methodological quagmire that this thesis aims to proceed beyond. The specific aim of thi
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Marx, Benjamin Robert. "Understanding The Relationship Between Moral Reasoning And Liberalism-Conservatism." University of Sydney. Psychology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/643.

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This thesis aims to clarify the nature of the relationship between moral reasoning, as per the neo-Kohlbergian DIT approach of Rest and his colleagues, and liberalism-conservatism. Moral reasoning and liberalism-conservatism are consistently found to be related but the resultant interpretation that liberals are more moral-cognitively advanced than conservatives has been challenged by Emler and his colleagues who argue that the DIT is liberally biased. Subsequent research on this issue has produced a methodological quagmire that this thesis aims to proceed beyond. The specific aim of thi
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Tsitinidis, Alexandros, and Faiza Khan. "Förmågan till etiskt resonemang hos svenska auktoriserade revisorer : Tillämpning av Defining Issues Test ." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2505.

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The aim of this paper is to examine the capacity for ethical reasoning of Swedish certi-fied auditors in the five largest accounting firms in Stockholm, and also how ethics courses affect the auditors' ability to ethically statement. To calculate the auditors ability to ethical statement, questionnaire has been used. The questionnaire is based on a psychological instrument, the so-called Defining Issues Test. At the beginning of the questionnaire some questions are asked about the ethics courses. From the questionnaire a calculation was made of an average index called p-score (Principled score
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Schneider, Heather B. "The Relationship of Compensation Plans to the Moral Cognizance of the Healthcare Executive." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/103.

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The primary purpose of this research was to review the relationship between moral cognizance, as defined by the Defining Issues Test, and the compensation plan of a healthcare executive when factors such as licensure, career stage, gender, age, and ethics training were present. The study was conducted on 142 healthcare executives from both a publically traded for-profit hospital corporation and a multi-physician private practice. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were utilized to test the hypotheses of these moderating variables. The outcome of this study indicates that there is no difference
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Hines, Natalie. "COGNITIVE MORAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELECTED MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS AND APPOINTED CITY MANAGERS USING THE DEFINING ISSUES TEST." NSUWorks, 2011. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/43.

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Several significant breaches of ethics in the past few years have created renewed interest in the study of moral judgment. The examples used in this study include sub-prime lending, the Madoff investment scandal, and the torture of suspects in U.S. custody. The Cognitive Moral Development (CMD) theory was developed by Lawrence Kohlberg in 1969. Effectively, Kohlberg determined there were clearly defined stages of moral development in children--how they develop a sense of right, wrong, and justice. He expanded his research to adults and determined that human beings progressed through each of th
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Books on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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Scales, Carol Kromberg. IDENTIFYING EARLY ADOLESCENTS AT-RISK FOR BEHAVIORS HARMFUL TO THEMSELVES AND OTHERS: A REVISION OF THE DEFINING ISSUES TEST. 1996.

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Mills, Kerry R. The clinical approach to neurophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0018.

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The clinical approach to neurophysiology provides a scheme for the conduct of a neurophysiological examination from the initial contact with the patient to the provision of a final report. The importance of focused history-taking and physical examination in tailoring the test plan is stressed as is the necessity of maintaining rapport with the patient. The difficult issues of consent and what to tell the patient at the end of the examination are discussed. The importance of honest communication with the patient is highlighted. Test results are judged against a framework of normal values. The s
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Hughes, Julian C., and Christopher Heginbotham. Mental capacity and decision-making. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0056.

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In this chapter we start by defining terms and approaches to the assessment of mental or decision-making capacity. We outline basic principles – from the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA), which covers England and Wales, as well as from Scottish legislation –where the principles are relevant to other jurisdictions. More conceptual issues, for instance to do with values and best interests, soon emerge, especially in connection with life-sustaining decisions. We discuss advance directives and lasting powers of attorneyand various tests of capacity, along with safeguards in connection with research.
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Dignam, Alan, and John Lowry. 4. Promoters and pre-incorporation contracts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198753285.003.0259.

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Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter focuses on one area where the motives of ‘promoters’ (that is, those who form a company) are relevant to the legal aspects of certain activities carried out in the company’s name, especially when they enter into contracts for the company prior to its formal registration. After defining the term ‘promoter’, the chapter discusses the fiduciary duties of promoters and the range of remedies available to the company against a p
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Dignam, Alan, and John Lowry. 4. Promoters and pre-incorporation contracts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811831.003.0004.

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Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter focuses on one area where the motives of ‘promoters’ (that is, those who form a company) are relevant to the legal aspects of certain activities carried out in the company’s name, especially when they enter into contracts for the company prior to its formal registration. After defining the term ‘promoter’, the chapter discusses the fiduciary duties of promoters and the range of remedies available to the company against a p
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Murray, Andrew. Information Technology Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198804727.001.0001.

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Information Technology Law: The Law and Society is the ideal companion for a course of study on information technology law and the ways in which it is evolving in response to rapid technological and social change. The fourth edition of this groundbreaking textbook develops its unique examination of the legal processes and their relationship to the modern ‘information society’. Charting the development of the rapid digitization of society and its impact on established legal principles, Murray examines the challenges faced with enthusiasm and clarity. Following a clearly defined part structure,
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Carpenter, Kirsty. Emigration in Politics and Imaginations. Edited by David Andress. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639748.013.019.

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Emigration during the French Revolution has many different layers of historical reality, but the most defining of these was the legislation that condemned émigrés to death in 1793, and that was not altered until after Napoleon came to power. This legislation was not without its critics from its inception, and it is important to challenge the very inflexible notion that all émigrés were automatically traitors. The problems of getting émigré protests heard, and the imaginary aspect of their ideal France—usually a constitutional monarchy—was harder to convey while the legislation was in place. Fu
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Carpenter, Kirsty. Emigration in Politics and Imaginations. Edited by David Andress. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639748.013.019_update_001.

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Emigration during the French Revolution has many different layers of historical reality, but the most defining of these was the legislation that condemned émigrés to death in 1793, and that was not altered until after Napoleon came to power. This legislation was not without its critics from its inception, and it is important to challenge the very inflexible notion that all émigrés were automatically traitors. The problems of getting émigré protests heard, and the imaginary aspect of their ideal France—usually a constitutional monarchy—was harder to convey while the legislation was in place. Fu
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Davies, Vanessa, and Dimitri Laboury, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Egyptian Epigraphy and Paleography. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190604653.001.0001.

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Epigraphy and palaeography are ways of recording, analyzing, and interpreting texts and images. This Handbook discusses technical issues about recording text and art and interpretive questions about what we do with those records and why we do it. The Handbook aims to • discuss current theories with regard to the cultural setting and material realities in which Egyptian epigraphy was produced;• familiarize the reader with epigraphic techniques and practices; and• outline and review traditional and emerging techniques and challenges as a guide for future research. The chapters offer a diachronic
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Book chapters on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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"Context and Results: The Defining Issues Test." In The Moral Media. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410612106-8.

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"Moral Components and the Defining Issues Test: Enlarging and Constricting the Moral Domain." In Moral Psychology, edited by Daniel K. Lapsley. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429498824-5.

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Enns, Charlotte, and Patrick Boudreault. "Score Use and Interpretation of First Signed Language Assessments." In The Handbook of Language Assessment Across Modalities. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190885052.003.0006.

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This chapter provides a critical examination of the different uses of test scores; their interpretation by test administrators, educators, professionals, and researchers; and the implications these scores may have for test-takers. Before discussing the issues of test scores, an overview of the complexities involved in defining the L1 of deaf signers will be shared. Understanding the potential pitfalls of signed language assessment with a diverse background of L1 users is emphasized. Four sections address critical issues on scoring and interpreting assessments: purpose, consistency, norming and scoring, and interpreting the results beyond the score. Conducting valid and reliable language assessment is critical to establishing a baseline for intervention, education or research, monitoring an individual’s language competency and growth, justifying the need for additional language support, and providing accurate reporting to parents and administrators.
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Roy, Geoffrey G., and Jocelyn Armarego. "The Development of On-line Tests Based on Multiple Choice Questions." In Web-Powered Databases. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-035-6.ch005.

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This chapter is concerned with the use of Web-based technologies to deliver and manage on-line multiple choice tests for university teaching. The data defining the tests and the results of each student’s attempt is maintained in a server-side database. The test is delivered in a Web page that can be displayed by a standard Web browser. Students are thus able to access the required tests from the same location that they can access their course content, in large part, on the Web. Multiple choices tests have been shown to be an effective way of both supporting the learning experience and providing an objective assessment process. The basic elements of the required technology are described including some implementation issues that are necessary to achieve a viable and robust system. Some of the key issues include the use of server-side tools for database access and client-side components to deliver and manage the user interface.
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Pal, Kamalendu. "Quality Assurance Issues for Big Data Applications in Supply Chain Management." In Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch070.

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Heterogeneous data types, widely distributed data sources, huge data volumes, and large-scale business-alliance partners describe typical global supply chain operational environments. Mobile and wireless technologies are putting an extra layer of data source in this technology-enriched supply chain operation. This environment also needs to provide access to data anywhere, anytime to its end-users. This new type of data set originating from the global retail supply chain is commonly known as big data because of its huge volume, resulting from the velocity with which it arrives in the global retail business environment. Such environments empower and necessitate decision makers to act or react quicker to all decision tasks. Academics and practitioners are researching and building the next generation of big-data-based application software systems. This new generation of software applications is based on complex data analysis algorithms (i.e., on data that does not adhere to standard relational data models). The traditional software testing methods are insufficient for big-data-based applications. Testing big-data-based applications is one of the biggest challenges faced by modern software design and development communities because of lack of knowledge on what to test and how much data to test. Big-data-based applications developers have been facing a daunting task in defining the best strategies for structured and unstructured data validation, setting up an optimal test environment, and working with non-relational databases testing approaches. This chapter focuses on big-data-based software testing and quality-assurance-related issues in the context of Hadoop, an open source framework. It includes discussion about several challenges with respect to massively parallel data generation from multiple sources, testing methods for validation of pre-Hadoop processing, software application quality factors, and some of the software testing mechanisms for this new breed of applications
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Pal, Kamalendu. "Quality Assurance Issues for Big Data Applications in Supply Chain Management." In Predictive Intelligence Using Big Data and the Internet of Things. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6210-8.ch003.

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Heterogeneous data types, widely distributed data sources, huge data volumes, and large-scale business-alliance partners describe typical global supply chain operational environments. Mobile and wireless technologies are putting an extra layer of data source in this technology-enriched supply chain operation. This environment also needs to provide access to data anywhere, anytime to its end-users. This new type of data set originating from the global retail supply chain is commonly known as big data because of its huge volume, resulting from the velocity with which it arrives in the global retail business environment. Such environments empower and necessitate decision makers to act or react quicker to all decision tasks. Academics and practitioners are researching and building the next generation of big-data-based application software systems. This new generation of software applications is based on complex data analysis algorithms (i.e., on data that does not adhere to standard relational data models). The traditional software testing methods are insufficient for big-data-based applications. Testing big-data-based applications is one of the biggest challenges faced by modern software design and development communities because of lack of knowledge on what to test and how much data to test. Big-data-based applications developers have been facing a daunting task in defining the best strategies for structured and unstructured data validation, setting up an optimal test environment, and working with non-relational databases testing approaches. This chapter focuses on big-data-based software testing and quality-assurance-related issues in the context of Hadoop, an open source framework. It includes discussion about several challenges with respect to massively parallel data generation from multiple sources, testing methods for validation of pre-Hadoop processing, software application quality factors, and some of the software testing mechanisms for this new breed of applications
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Gonçalves, Carlos. "Models, Methods, and Metrics to Measure Socioeconomic Resilience." In Handbook of Research on Methods and Tools for Assessing Cultural Landscape Adaptation. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4186-8.ch014.

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This chapter aims to discuss concepts and methods to measure the landscape resilience of urban systems and test the indicators framework in the Portuguese regional context. The objective is to measure the performance and the direction of the urban changes in different phenomena, as well as to evaluate the level of urban systems preparation for a desired and undesired change adaptability. The approach to these issues is analyzed in the literature, dividing the aforementioned analysis into the resilience of the economic base, of the social structure, and of the urban form. In brief, the chapter meets three objectives: firstly, defining the framework of principles more commonly associated with urban resilience; secondly, providing a selection of indicators that embodies the different proposals of measurement; and thirdly, applying the indicator matrix to two Portuguese case studies (Caldas da Rainha and Évora urban systems).
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Grant, Candace T., and Kenneth A. Grant. "Improving Moral Behaviour in the Business Use of ICT." In Business Education and Ethics. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3153-1.ch060.

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The 21st century has seen a much-increased focus on the importance of ethical behaviour in business, driven by major scandals, calls for stricter regulation and increased demands for improved governance and reporting. In parallel, there are calls for the incorporation of moral and ethical elements in business education and university accreditation bodies and schools are responding. In particular, the explosion of technology change, particularly Internet, social media and beyond have raised many challenges for individuals, organizations and legislators. However, educational responses are varied and little has been done to determine the effectiveness of what has been done. Most responses to this need to provide ethical education follow a cognitive, rule-based approach, often using case-based techniques. This can improve knowledge and understanding of ethical issues, but it may have limited influence on actual behaviour. A relatively new field – Positive Psychology -- provides an alternate perspective, focusing on what is good rather than what is poor behaviour. One Positive Psychology approach, that of Appreciative Inquiry, which has not previously been used in ICT ethics education, offers a promising technique to develop improved moral attitudes and behaviour. This paper reports on a large-scale pedagogical research project that: (1) examines ethical perspectives from philosophy, psychology and pedagogy in the context of ICT professional education; (2) describes the development and multistage implementation of an ethics course in an undergraduate business ICT program delivered to more than 1,200 students; (3) discusses the formal evaluation of changes in moral attitude following a Positive Psychology intervention in the education of some 300 Business ICT students using the Defining Issues Test, Version 2 (DIT2) and the IMIS Survey developed at the Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility. The project results demonstrate that a well-designed applied ICT ethics course produces measureable positive changes in the ethical stances of participants and that the use of Appreciative Inquiry increases the impact of these changes. In addition to the relevance of the findings for educators they can provide guidance to those in organisations responsible for the ethical behaviour of their ICT employees.
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Rosenfeld, Stuart, and Nalini Bhushan. "Chemical Synthesis: Complexity, Similarity, Natural Kinds, and the Evolution of a “Logic”." In Of Minds and Molecules. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128345.003.0020.

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The goal of this chapter is to extract some of the conceptual underpinnings of the idea of synthesis and of the different aspects that constitute its practice. In so doing, we show why chemical synthesis should be of interest to metaphysicians and philosophers of science. To this end we (1) provide a provisional characterization of synthesis; (2) describe what chemists have understood to be the “logical” structure that underlies the modern practice of multistep synthesis; (3) explore the notions of molecular and synthetic complexity and the relationship between them; (4) analyze the use of similarity judgments in the categorization of compounds; and, related to this, (5) undertake a scrutiny of the notion of a natural kind in the context of the possibility of chemical synthesis. These last two, intertwined, issues having to do with categorization are of particular interest, given that some philosophers have taken chemistry to be the science that, in its theoretical workings, dispenses with such disreputable concepts as similarity and the associated idea of a natural kind which are of “dubious scientific standing.” For instance, Quine (1969) argues that the freedom from such imprecise means of categorization in chemistry is a marker of its status as a more “mature” science, one to which other domains aspire. However, by the same token, and ironically, this feature of chemistry in effect removes the discipline from the purview of philosophers, for reasons that will become clearer later on in the chapter. We argue against Quine, concluding that chemistry fails the test of maturity but becomes philosophically interesting in the process. The mid-nineteenth-century defeat of vitalism and the subsequent unification of organic and inorganic chemistry came in large measure as a result of chemical synthesis. This early indication of the powerful implications that arise for chemistry from this unique field of investigation might well suffice for its continuing philosophical scrutiny. There are at least two other reasons for undertaking a philosophical investigation of synthesis. Synthesis is, and has long been, pervasive in the practice of chemistry and is a unique, and defining, feature of this field.
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T., Veena, Dileep A. D., and C. Chandra Sekhar. "A Review of Kernel Methods Based Approaches to Classification and Clustering of Sequential Patterns, Part II." In Pattern Discovery Using Sequence Data Mining. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-056-9.ch003.

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Pattern analysis tasks on sequences of discrete symbols are important for pattern discovery in bioinformatics, text analysis, speech processing, and handwritten character recognition. Discrete symbols may correspond to amino acids or nucleotides in biological sequence analysis, characters in text analysis, and codebook indices in processing of speech and handwritten character data. The main issues in kernel methods based approaches to pattern analysis tasks on discrete symbol sequences are related to defining a measure of similarity between sequences of discrete symbols, and handling the varying length nature of sequences. We present a review of methods to design dynamic kernels for sequences of discrete symbols. We then present a review of approaches to classification and clustering of sequences of discrete symbols using the dynamic kernel based methods.
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Conference papers on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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Byrne, Graeme, and Lorraine Staehr. "The Evaluation of a Computer Ethics Program." In InSITE 2004: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2761.

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The importance of teaching computer ethics is shown by its inclusion as core content in both information systems and computer science model curricula. This paper outlines a method for evaluating undergraduate computer ethics programs using the Defining Issues Test of moral judgment. A “before-and-after with a control group” research design was used. The experimental group exhibited a significantly larger increase in moral judgment development than the control group. This indicates that computer ethics teaching is having a useful effect on students’ ethical development.
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West, Robert L., and Wei Wang. "Elements of a Software Architecture for a Rapid Prototype Test and Evaluation System for Experimental Structural Dynamics." In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1992-0027.

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Abstract This paper presents work in progress toward the development of a test and evaluation system for a new concept in experimental structural dynamics. Structural imaging is composed of both the static and dynamic image of the structure, resulting in the structure’s profile and dynamic response. Structural imaging is realized by interfacing a scanning laser velocimeter to an engineering workstation for data acquisition, signal processing, data modeling and scientific visualization. A software system is to be developed that will allow the investigation of the science and the rapid-prototypi
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Ahac, Saša, and Petra Kipa. "Investigation of the clear sight areas on suburban roundabouts." In 7th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2022.1348.

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To achieve safe and unobstructed traffic flow at roundabouts and their approaches, the important condition that needs to be met is adequate visibility. Namely, a clear line of sight must be ensured to enable a driver without the right of way to engage in the roundabout traffic flow safely and to note on time the position of the vehicle in front of him. The issue of sight distance evaluation on suburban single-lane roundabouts will be analysed in this paper. A critical review of several roundabout design standards and guidelines (Australian, Croatian, and Italian) that describe procedures for d
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Ó Meachair, Deaglán, Fabio Squadrani, Carlos Jose Sierra, Gerard Perez, Jeremie Clement, and Narcis Molina. "Target Setting and Test Metrics Definition for Redundant Braking Systems Development for CAVs." In EuroBrake 2022. FISITA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/eb2022-ibc-005.

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"Braking systems development is currently facing a shift in the engineering and testing activities. Traditionally pedal feel tuning and performance refinement have been major issues, but along with electrification, the increasing level of driving automation is shifting development efforts into different directions. For a brake system, the task of autonomous driving (with or without human presence) mandates redundancy in many subsystem elements. Therefore, a strong effort in understanding how to set targets is needed to correctly develop and validate reliable systems. In this paper, the authors
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Salsbury, James G. "Important Broad-Based Metrology Concepts in the Revised U.S. Micrometer Standard." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2013.25.

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A revision to the U.S. standard on micrometers, ASME B89.1.13, was approved by the ASME B89 dimensional metrology standards committee in 2012, and final publication of the standard is expected in 2013. This standard includes many modern and novel calibration concepts that apply beyond the dimensional field, and the purpose of this paper is to communicate some of the highlights of this new standard to the larger metrology community. Some of the key issues include defining the measurand, traceability requirements, conformance decision rules, calibration versus verification, and measurement uncer
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Al-Sabea, Salem, Milan Kumar Patra, Abdullah Abu-Eida, et al. "Defining the Zonal Contribution in a Horizontal Well with Cased Hole ICD's Completion Using Innovative Integration of Multi Arrays Production Logging, Spectral Noise and High Resolution Temperature Log." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31593-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope The Horizontal wells enhance reservoir performance by placing a long wellbore section within the reservoir. As they help in reducing water and/or gas production, increasing oil rates, reducing sand production and finally in achieving efficient drainage of the reservoir. The inflow control devices (ICDs) are used to address the issues of premature water and/or gas breakthrough, uniform flow distribution and reservoir depletion in the oilfield. They reduce the flow of unwanted fluids and balance the production distribution across the entire lateral section. The producti
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Haroldsen, Brent, Jerome Stofleth, Mien Yip, and Allan Caplan. "Experience With Using Code Case 2564 to Design and Certify an Impulsively Loaded Vessel." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97987.

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Code Case 2564 for the design of impulsively loaded vessels was approved in January 2008. In 2010 the US Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program, with support from Sandia National Laboratories, procured a vessel per this Code Case for use on the Explosive Destruction System (EDS). The vessel was delivered to the Army in August of 2010 and approved for use by the DoD Explosives Safety Board in 2012. Although others have used the methodology and design limits of the Code Case to analyze vessels, to our knowledge, this was the first vessel to receive an ASME explosive rating with a U3 stamp.
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Geng, Weiqun, Douglas Pennell, Stefano Bernero, and Peter Flohr. "Reduction of NOx Emission of Heavy Duty Gas Turbines by Improving Mixing Quality Using CFD Tools." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41268.

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Jets in cross flow are one of the fundamental issues for mixing studies. As a first step in this paper, a generic geometry of a jet in cross flow was simulated to validate the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) tool. Instead of resolving the whole injection system, the effective cross-sectional area of the injection hole was modeled as an inlet surface directly. This significantly improved the agreement between the CFD and experimental results. In a second step, the calculated mixing in an ALSTOM EV burner is shown for varying injection hole patterns and momentum flux ratios of the jet. Evalua
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Kinney, Troy W., and Michael L. Easley. "Ceramic Gas Turbine Technology Development." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-465.

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Under the U.S. Dept. of Energy (DoE) funded Ceramic Turbine Engine Demonstration Project (CTEDP), AlliedSignal Engines is addressing remaining critical concerns slowing the commercialization of structural ceramics in gas turbine engines. These issues include demonstration of ceramic component reliability, readiness of ceramic suppliers to support ceramic production needs, and development of ceramic design technologies. The AlliedSignal/Garrett Model 331-200[CT] auxiliary power unit (APU) is being used as a ceramics test bed engine. The first-stage turbine blades and nozzles were redesigned for
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Druzhinina, Valeriya. "The Empirical Analysis of Occupational Reflection of Police Officers." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-33.

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One of the most pressing issues in contemporary psychology is the study and analysis of the reflective aspects of the performance of police officers. This article deals with the theoretical and empirical aspects of psychological cognition of the stated topic regarding the example of future officers of investigative units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Different approaches to understanding occupational reflections were listed. Within the scope of this study, the authors share the view that occupational reflection is one of the structural components of the I-concept of an investi
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Reports on the topic "Defining Issues Test"

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Phillips, Donald A., Yitzhak Spiegel, and Howard Ferris. Optimizing nematode management by defining natural chemical bases of behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587234.bard.

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This project was based on the hypothesis that nematodes interacting with plants as either parasites or beneficial saprophytes are attracted to their host by natural products. This concept was supported by numerous observations that parasitic nematodes are attracted to root exudates. Our overall goal was to identify nematode sensory compounds from root exudates and to use that information for reducing nematicide applications. We applied skills of the investigators to achieve three specific objectives: 1) Identify nematode behavioral cues (e.g., attractants or repellents) in root exudates; 2) Id
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Бережна, Маргарита Василівна. Translator’s Gender in the Target Text. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4140.

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For the last three decades, the issue of translator’s gender and its representation in the target text has been actively researched in translation studies. Over the period there appeared numerous, sometimes contradicting views on markers of feminine / masculine / other types of speech, on whether the translator’s gender is revealed in the target text, and on the quality of translation depending on the translator’s gender. The present paper focuses on the translator’s gender markers in the target text. Taking into account the results of other linguists and my own observations, I consider the re
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