Journal articles: 'Definition of value'

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Seamon, Roger, and Robert Stecker. "Artworks: Definition, Meaning, Value." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56, no. 3 (1998): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/432374.

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Olsen, S. H. "Artworks: Definition, Meaning, Value." Philosophical Review 112, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-112-2-247.

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Steffens, Christoph, Klaus Wolff, Stefan Heuer, and Georg Eisele. "NVH target value definition." MTZ worldwide 69, no. 11 (November 2008): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03226925.

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Gnenny, Oleg, Stasys Dailydka, and Vytautas Lingaitis. "DEFINITION OF LIQUIDATION PROPERTY VALUE." Business, Management and Education 11, no. 1 (June 19, 2013): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bme.2013.02.

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The article examines the interrelation of market and liquidation value of the appraisal subject. It was established that the approach of “break-even” sale of a subject at liquidation value, which is predominating in the literature sources, shows the results essentially different from the ratio of the prices of free and accelerated sales that can be observed on the market. The article offers an alternative approach to definition of market value coefficient, which considers switching to liquidation value. This approach is based on functional dependence of the coefficient on the ratio of limited and unlimited period of exposition.

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Lind, Hans. "The definition of market value." Journal of Property Valuation and Investment 16, no. 2 (May 1998): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635789810212922.

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Smith, Matthew J., and Christopher J. Standaert. "Towards an expanded definition of value." Spine Journal 13, no. 11 (November 2013): 1690–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2013.03.006.

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SEAMON, ROGER. "Robert Stecker, Artworks: Definition, Meaning, Value." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56, no. 3 (June 1, 1998): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540_6245.jaac56.3.0311.

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Rutner, Stephen M., and C. John Langley. "Logistics Value: Definition, Process and Measurement." International Journal of Logistics Management 11, no. 2 (July 2000): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574090010806173.

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Сологуб, Елена. "Определение атрибутов потребительской ценности медицинских услуг." ИЗВЕСТИЯ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ЭКОНОМИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ, no. 1 (2020): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2311-2271/2020-1/38-54.

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В работе предложен методический подход к определению атрибутов потребительской ценности медицинской услуги. Представлены результаты, полученные в рамках четырёх этапов исследования: контент-анализа тематических источников по сочетающимся словам, группировки и соотнесении атрибутов, а также глубинного интервью с экспертами из медицинской сферы. This investigation introduces a methodological approach which allows to define the attributes for medical services consumer value. The study concentrates on the primary need to determine the medical services consumer value. The proposed methodological approach to determine the attributes for medical services consumer value contains four stages, namely: 1) content analysis; 2) attributes grouping; 3) attributes systematization 4) detailed interview with experts. The content analysis of topical texts was conducted using the harmonious words found in contemporary Russian and foreign studies. More than 4000 various mentioned attributes for the medical service consumer value were analyzed. All attributes were then grouped by the type of consumers’ benefits and costs. The medical service consumer value attributes were arranged in accordance with the elements of 7P marketing mix. The frequency of the mentioned attributes for medical service consumer value was calculated based on the results of the content analysis and detailed interview with the experts from the medical sector. The results of the investigation are important for assessing the medical service consumer value.

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Lang, Mark, John Stanton, and Yingdao Qu. "Consumers’ evolving definition and expectations for local foods." British Food Journal 116, no. 11 (October 28, 2014): 1808–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2014-0117.

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Purpose – Although locally sourced and produced foods are a growing trend in food marketing, they are not yet clearly understood nor consistently defined. There is no lack of definitions currently offered, however, based on expanding, evolving, and sometimes conflicting, dimensions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate various emerging definitional elements of local foods to determine which elements may be as important to food shoppers today as the prevailing food miles definition. Design/methodology/approach – A shopper survey is fielded and repeated measures ANOVA conducted to measure the relative importance of various definitional elements, assess where shoppers expect to acquire local foods, the price premium they are willing to pay, and differences that may exist across customer groups. Findings – The study finds that consumers do consider other definitional elements as important as distance in their definition of local foods and they expect to find them in secondary outlets beyond farmers markets and the produce department. Consumers are willing to pay a price premium and there are differences across light, medium, and heavy users. Practical implications – This study provides researchers with an expanded and clearer definition of local foods for future research and practitioners with guidance on what shoppers expect and value today and how to better source, merchandise, and promote local foods. Originality/value – By combining definitional elements from across industry, government, and academia and analyzing them together, this study offers a more comprehensive definition of local foods and consumer expectations.

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Wolfsdorf, David. "Socrates' Pursuit of Definitions." Phronesis 48, no. 4 (2003): 271–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852803772456065.

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Abstract"Socrates' Pursuit of Definitions" examines the manner in which Socrates pursues definitions in Plato's early definitional dialogues and advances the following claims. Socrates evaluates definitions (proposed by his interlocutors or himself ) by considering their consistency with conditions of the identity of F (F-conditions) to which he is committed. In evaluating proposed definitions, Socrates seeks to determine their truth-value. Socrates evaluates the truth-value of a proposed definition by considering the consistency of the proposed definition with F-conditions that F he believes to be true. (For instance, a proposed definition's inconsistency with one of these gives Socrates reason to believe that the definition is false.) Socrates' belief in the truth of a given F-condition to which he is committed may be based on self-evidence, its endoxic status, experience, or deduction from premises to which he is committed on the basis of any of the previous three. However, Socrates does not consider the epistemological grounds of his commitments to his F -conditions. This is part of a general avoidance of metaethical and ethical epistemological issues. Due to his avoidance of these, Socrates' pursuit of true definitions is theoretically naïve. However, Socrates recognizes a certain limitation to his manner of pursuing definitions. These results are applied to advancing the following further points. (1) Although Socrates has a distinctive manner or style of pursuing definitions, it is inappropriate to ascribe to him a method of doing so in the following sense. The concept of method implies a certain theoretical conception of procedure that Socrates lacks. Moreover, according to Socrates' own conceptual framework, only one who possessed the relevant τεχνη would have a method. (2) Furthermore, Socrates' manner of pursuing definitions is not elenctic just insofar as the word "elenchus" is interpreted to have adversarial connotations; that is inconsistent with Socrates' motives and interests. (3) Socrates' manner of pursuing definitions is consistent among the early definitional dialogues. More specifically, there is no "demise of the elenchus" in a set of transitional dialogues, as Vlastos describes it. First, Socrates' manner of pursuing definitions is not "elenctic" (in the sense described). And, second, the fact that Socrates himself proposes definitions in allegedly post-elenctic dialogues (that is, Lysis and Hippias Major) is consistent with his manner of pursuing definitions. (4) In the early definitional dialogues, Socrates does not have a theory of definition. In particular, he lacks a general theoretical ontology. Moreover, while his comments and implicit commitments entail beliefs about some conditions for a satisfactory definition (for example, that the definiens must be a uniquely identifying true verbal description), such conditions do not constitute a theory. (5) Although in other early dialogues and in other parts of the definitional dialogues Socrates may express concern over the psychological states and well-being of his interlocutors, in the process of pursuing definitions, Socrates' principal concern is the evaluation of definitions, not the psychologies or lives of his interlocutors. (6) Finally, Socrates is committed to the epistemological priority of definitional knowledge for pertinent nondefinitional knowledge. This does present a methodological problem of the kind to which Geach first drew attention. Specifically, according to the manner in which Socrates pursues definitions, it is unclear how he can get from belief that p to knowledge that p. Although this problem is genuine, Socrates himself is not unaware of such limits of his approach.

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Argerich, Jaume, and Claudio Cruz-Cázares. "Definition, sampling and results in business angels’ research: toward a consensus." Management Decision 55, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 310–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-07-2016-0487.

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Purpose The lack of a standard definition and data sources makes it hard to compare findings and advance our knowledge in the business angel’s domain. The purpose of this paper is to tackle this problem by presenting a proposal of a potential definition of business angels that it based on ten issues identified in 30 years of business angels’ research. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews 24 studies on business angels and classifies definition inconsistencies found in ten different issues. Those differences are compared with methodological choices on sampling and with subsequent results. Findings The authors observe a connection between definitional and sampling choices, and the results obtained. Inconsistent definitions can lead to results that are more than 400 times higher in terms of investment per project, for example. Research limitations/implications The authors believe that the main implication of proposing a standard definition of business angles could help the academia in decreasing the great observed diversity which is actually leading to inconsistent and incomparable results that limit our understanding of this phenomenon. Originality/value This paper differs from previous studies as it tackles the problem by identifying the definitional issues and presents a framework in order to build a consensus definition, rather than just comparing definitions.

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Bowman, Cliff, and Veronique Ambrosini. "Value Creation Versus Value Capture: Towards a Coherent Definition of Value in Strategy." British Journal of Management 11, no. 1 (March 2000): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00147.

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Bellwon, J., K. Chlebus, W. Sobiczewski, M. Gruchala, D. Ciecwierz, and A. Rynkiewicz. "Predictive value of new metabolic syndrome definition." European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 13, Supplement 1 (May 2006): S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00149831-200605001-00090.

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Schroeder, Henry W. S., and Matthias Nehlsen. "Value of high-definition imaging in neuroendoscopy." Neurosurgical Review 32, no. 3 (April 16, 2009): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10143-009-0200-x.

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Voss, Kevin E., Alex R. Zablah, Yu-Shan (Sandy) Huang, and Goutam Chakraborty. "Conjunctionitis: a call for clarity in construct definitions." European Journal of Marketing 54, no. 5 (April 13, 2020): 1147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-07-2018-0470.

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Purpose This study aims to determine the extent to which the use of coordinating conjunctions enhances or impairs definitional clarity. Design/methodology/approach In two studies, a sample of 736 construct definitions from the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research and Journal of Consumer Research over a 30-year period was judged for ambiguity and vagueness by both academic and lay judges. Findings The authors demonstrate that constructing definitions using both “and” and “or” increases the ambiguity and vagueness of the construct’s meaning. The most frequently used conjunction is “and” which appeared in 42 per cent of the definitions. A significant percentage (26 per cent) contain the conjunction “or.” Research limitations/implications A framework for understanding alternative interpretations of “and” or “or” is developed. Five recommendations are proposed for evaluating the use of “and” and “or” in construct definitions. Theorists in all academic fields should not use both “and” and “or” in the same construct definition. Practical implications A five-step process is proposed for evaluating the use of “and” and “or” in construct definitions. Theorists should not use both “and” and “or” in the same construct definition. Originality/value This is the first exploration of how specific wording patterns used in construct definitions in academic research affect the clarity of the definition.

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Opal, Steven M. "The Uncertain Value of the Definition for SIRS." Chest 113, no. 6 (June 1998): 1442–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.113.6.1442.

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Stoetzer, Matthias-Wolfgang. "Value-added services — problems of definition and data." Telecommunications Policy 16, no. 5 (July 1992): 388–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-5961(92)90030-s.

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Govc, Dejan. "On the definition of the homological critical value." Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures 11, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40062-015-0101-3.

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Resnick, Barbara. "The definition, purpose and value of pilot research." Geriatric Nursing 36, no. 2 (March 2015): S1—S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.02.015.

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Dowling, Grahame. "Defining and measuring corporate social reputations." Annals in Social Responsibility 2, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/asr-08-2016-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline a theory-based approach to defining the corporate reputation construct. Design/methodology/approach The approach taken is to describe how to create a well-formed nominal definition of a construct and then show how this definition is translated into an operational definition that guides the selection of an appropriate measure. New definitions of corporate social reputation and appropriate measures of this construct are provided to illustrate this framework. Findings The definitional framework used suggests that many measures of corporate social responsibility and reputation are under specified. Thus, the measures derived from these definitions are poorly constructed. The strengths and weaknesses of three new types of measure of corporate social reputation are reviewed. Practical implications For scholars the advantages of creating a well-formed definition are that it will lead to a valid measure of the construct under investigation. This will then help to better interpret what are significant findings and non-findings of empirical research. Originality/value This paper is an extension of the author’s previous work on defining the corporate reputation construct. Because what is meant by corporate social responsibility is contested amongst scholars this and related constructs need more precise definition and measurement. This paper offers a theory-based approach to achieve this aim.

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Amenc, Noël, Felix Goltz, and Ben Luyten. "Intangible Capital and the Value Factor: Has Your Value Definition Just Expired?" Journal of Portfolio Management 46, no. 7 (May 18, 2020): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2020.1.161.

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Sheth, Jagdish N., and Can Uslay. "Implications of the Revised Definition of Marketing: From Exchange to Value Creation." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 26, no. 2 (September 2007): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.26.2.302.

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The distinctive difference between the 1985 and the 2004 American Marketing Association definitions of marketing is the lack of exchange. In the new definition, a focus on creating and delivering value through customer relationships replaces the historical focus on the exchange paradigm. The authors welcome this change and discuss its implications, the limits of the exchange paradigm, the merits of value creation, and the future paradigm for marketing.

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GORODILOV, Mikhail A., and Anna A. RADEVICH. "On the definition of fair value for purposes of IFRS." Digest Finance 26, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/df.26.2.148.

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Subject. This article discusses the issue of defining the Fair Value concept, its similarity and identification with the concept of Market Value. It examines the specifics of each particular value, defines the concept of Fair Value, and analyzes approaches (methods) of fair value valuation, clarifies existing problems of determining fair value for the purposes of IFRS application. Objectives. The article aims to define the notion of Fair Value and appropriate use in accounting, as well as explore approaches to assess fair value. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis. Results. The article says of many inconsistencies in the valuation of fair value, starting with the lack of a clear definition of fair value in IFRS, which is actually identified with the concept of market value. It proposes a refined definition of fair value and identifies fundamental differences between fair and market values, which are based on the procedures used in their assessment. Conclusions. Fair and market values are two different types of valuation. Fair value can be the same as market value, but only if there is an active market available. There is no single concept of Fair Value presented in scientific and special literature. The same approaches are used in fair (IFRS) and market (valuation standards) assessments, but the methods described for each approach are not always the same.

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SABATIER, Jocelyn, and Christophe FARGES. "Initial value problems should not be associated to fractional model descriptions whatever the derivative definition used." AIMS Mathematics 6, no. 10 (2021): 11318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2021657.

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<abstract> <p>The paper shows that the Caputo definition of fractional differentiation is problematic if it is used in the definition of a time fractional model and if initial conditions are taken into account. The demonstration is done using simple examples (or counterexamples). The analysis is extended to the Riemann-Liouville and Grünwald-Letnikov definitions. These results thus question the validity of results produced in the field of time fractional model analysis in which initial conditions are involved.</p> </abstract>

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Amundrud, Øystein, Terje Aven, and Roger Flage. "How the definition of security risk can be made compatible with safety definitions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 231, no. 3 (April 3, 2017): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x17699145.

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In safety settings, understood as situations involving the potential occurrence of unintentional events, it is common to define risk as a combination of consequences and associated probabilities or associated uncertainties. On the other hand, in security settings, understood as situations involving the potential occurrence of intentional malicious events, risk is commonly defined as the triplet asset/value, threat and vulnerability. One motivation often mentioned for the latter is that probability is considered inappropriate for intentional acts. In this article, we argue that it is unsuitable and unnecessary to define risk differently in these two settings. We show that risk, defined as the combination of future consequences and associated uncertainties, can be seen as compatible with the triplet definition of security risk. It also excludes probability from the definition of risk but explicitly includes uncertainty, which is more fundamental and present regardless of the type of events involved. The value dimension is integrated with the consequences as these are with respect to something that humans value. The purpose of the article is to contribute to a consolidation of the safety and security risk management fields at the fundamental level.

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Jianjun, Hao, Wang Youli, and Wang Xiaohui. "Generalized definition and application of tolerance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 19-20 (August 27, 2019): 6807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219869982.

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Tolerance with upper deviation less than lower deviation is defined as virtual tolerance; the dimension between two extreme values required with tolerance (virtual tolerance) is expressed by a set. The changed characteristics of the set range when the tolerance value is continuously reduced from positive to negative are explored. The nature of virtual tolerance is that the absolute value of virtual tolerance is the error compensation amount, and the dimension between two extreme values is the error compensation range. On the basis of the concept of positive and negative number, the theory of dimensional homogeneity, the existing conditions of the general formula of the dimensional chain, the accuracy of the calculation results of tolerance, and so on, the concept of virtual tolerance and its relationship of unity of opposites with tolerance are proposed. Based on the concept of virtual tolerance, analysis and calculation processes of various assembly dimensional chains are unified, and general formulation of calculating the range of false waste is established, and the method of determining the range of false waste by using probabilistic method in machining process is deduced.

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Drews, Carlos. "The Concept and Definition of Dominance in Animal Behaviour." Behaviour 125, no. 3-4 (1993): 283–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853993x00290.

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AbstractThe concept of dominance has contributed greatly to our understanding of social structure in animals. Over the past three decades, however, a variety of concepts and definitions of dominance have been introduced, leading to an ongoing debate about the usefulness and meaning of the concept. Criticisms aimed at one definition of dominance do not necessarilly apply to other definitions. Existing definitions can be structural or functional, refer to roles or to agonistic behaviour, regard dominance as a property of individuals or as an attribute of dyadic encounters, concentrate on aggression or on the lack of it, and be based either on theoretical constructs or on observable behaviour. Thirteen definitions of dominance are reviewed, and their usefulness assessed with respect to their descriptive value. The predictive and explanatory values of definitions are specific to the questions asked in each particular study and are not considered as criteria to judge the usefulness of the dominance concept. By virtue of its high descriptive value, the original definition of dominance by SCHJELDERUPP-EBBE (1922, Z.Psychol. 88: 226-252) emerged as the basis to formulate a structural definition with wide applicability and which reflects the essence of the concept: Dominance is an attribute of the pattern of repeated, agonistic interactions between two individuals, characterized by a consistent outcome in favour of the same dyad member and a default yielding response of its opponent rather than escalation. The status of the consistent winner is dominant and that of the loser subordinate. Dominance status refers to dyads while dominance rank, high or low, refers to the position in a hierarchy and, thus, depends on group composition. Dominance is a relative measure and not an absolute property of individuals. The discussion includes reference to the heritability of dominance, application of dominance to groups rather than individuals, and the role of individual recognition and memory during agonistic encounters.

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HILL, DANIEL J., and STEPHEN K. McLEOD. "ON TRUTH-FUNCTIONALITY." Review of Symbolic Logic 3, no. 4 (November 18, 2010): 628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020310000274.

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Benjamin Schnieder has argued that several traditional definitions of truth-functionality fail to capture a central intuition informal characterizations of the notion often capture. The intuition is that the truth-value of a sentence that employs a truth-functional operator depends upon the truth-values of the sentences upon which the operator operates. Schnieder proposes an alternative definition of truth-functionality that is designed to accommodate this intuition. We argue that one traditional definition of ‘truth-functionality’ is immune from the counterexamples that Schnieder proposes and is preferable to Schnieder’s alternative.

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Lombardo, Sebastiano. "True value. A practice based definition of value co-created in professional firms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 11304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.11304abstract.

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Wang, Shixiong, Jianhua He, Chen Wang, and Xitong Li. "The Definition and Numerical Method of Final Value Problem and Arbitrary Value Problem." Computer Systems Science and Engineering 33, no. 5 (2018): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/csse.2018.33.379.

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McKevitt, David. "Debate: Value for money—in search of a definition." Public Money & Management 35, no. 2 (January 23, 2015): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2015.1007702.

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Legin, Katja. "Autonomous artistic practices and research: Popularization, definition and value." Maska 28, no. 159 (December 1, 2013): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/maska.28.159-160.82_1.

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Oren, Ohad, and David H. Henry. "A Longitudinal Definition of the Value of Cancer Drugs." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1185.1185.

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Background Cancer drugs now account for a greater fraction of the national health care expenditure than ever before. A new movement has been formed that argues for meaningful definition of the value of drugs as a pre-requisite for their approval as well as for clinical decision-making. Numerous frameworks have been designed to allow comparison of different pharmacological agents based on patient-related factors (efficacy, safety, cost). However, these formulas largely ignore chronic, long-term toxicities which are particularly important in the case of highly-curable cancers like Hodgkin Lymphoma and testicular cancer. We propose a drug value scheme that incorporates debilitating and life-threatening long-term toxicities along with traditional factors (efficacy and acute safety) when defining a drug's merit. Methods A longitudinal framework for assessing drug value is suggested. Pertinent drug-related characteristics - efficacy, acute adverse events, and long-term toxicities - are included. For each drug characteristic, patient-centred surrogate markers are chosen: efficacy is defined by the 10-year overall survival, acute safety by the rate of neutropenia and life-threatening infections, and long-term toxicity by the cumulative incidence of secondary cancers and heart disease at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma is chosen for simulation. The most commonly used regimens are compared. Data from high-value prospective clinical trials (see references) are used to grade each regimen. Points are given for each percentile range in each category (higher score for greater efficacy and lower toxicity; see Appendix 1). Percentile intervals are chosen according to the presumed clinical impact. The net value of each regimen is assessed by adding the score for each individual care component and comparing it to a similar model that does not include long-term toxicity. Results Risk score calculation yielded results as shown in Table 1. ABVD And Stanford V gained the highest score (26; of 30) while COPP-EBV-CAD and BEACOPP obtained lower scores (24 and 22, respectively). Stanford V reached a better value score than COPP-EBV-CAD, and was equivalent to ABVD, in contrast to a drug value scheme that neglected long-term toxicities, in which it was inferior to both. The superiority of ABVD to COPP-EBV-CAD and BEACOPP persisted in the model, as was the overall advantage of COPP-EBV-CAD over BEACOPP. Conclusions As the treatment of cancer continues to improve, value should no longer be derived only from a drug's overall survival and acute injury profiles. A more comprehensive appreciation of a drug's benefit-to-risk ratio entails an understanding of its more distant health implications. Our model shows that such an easily-constructible framework results in a different value estimation of drugs compared with the traditional one. Appendix 1: Value Score: - Efficacy * Overall Survival: 7 if <74.9%, 8 if 75.0-80.9%, 9 if 81.0-85.9%, 10 if 86.0-88.9%, 11 if >89.0% - Acute toxicity * Incidence of severe infections: 3 if >10.0%, 4 if 5.0-9.9%, 5 if <4.9% * Incidence of grade 3 neutropenia: 1 if > 50.0%, 2 if 28.0-49.9%, 3 if <27.9% - Late toxicity * Incidence of heart disease at 5 years: 1 if >5.6%, 3 if 4.0-5.5%, 4 if 2.0-3.9%, 5 if <1.9% * Incidence of secondary cancers at 10 years: 6 if <3.9%, 4 if 4.0-9.0%, 3 if 9.1-13.0%, 1 if >13.1% *** Example: ABVD value score = 9 (for OS of 85%) + 5 (for severe infection incidence of 2%) + 3 (for grade 3 neutropenia incidence of 25%) + 3 (for 5-year heart disease incidence of 5.5%) + 6 (for 10-year secondary cancer incidence of 0.9%) = 26 References: 1. Merli F, et al. JCO. 2016;34(11):1175-81 2. Manuel Gotti, et al. Lymphoma. 2013, Article ID 952698, 7 pages 3. Kara M, et al. Blood. 2011;117:2596-2603 4. Evens, et al. Br J Haematol. 2013;161(1): 76-86 5. Chisesi T, et al. J Clin Oncol, 2011;29:4227-4233 6. Gobbi PG, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23:9198-9207 7. Bhanu Vakkalanka. Advances in Hematology, vol. 2011, Article ID 656013, 7 pages, 2011 8.Massimo Federico et al. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(5):805-811 9.Gobbi P G, et al. JCO. 2005; 23 (36):9198-9207 10. S. M. Edwards-Bennett, et al. Annals of Oncology. 2010; 21: 574-581 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Breen, Michael. "Combinatorial completion by rule definition with interactive value colouring." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 30, no. 2 (March 2005): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1050849.1050861.

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Gargiulo, Giuseppe, and Giovanni Esposito. "Consolidating the value of the standardised ARC-HBR definition." EuroIntervention 16, no. 14 (February 2021): 1126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4244/eijv16i14a202.

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Lobovikov, Vladimir O. "A wonderful analogy between Augustine’s definition of moral-value- functional sense of response-action and Philo’s definition of truth-functional sense of implication in logic." CIENCIA ergo sum 27, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): e94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30878/ces.v27n3a4.

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The paper is dvoted to interdisciplinary research at the intersection of symbolic logic, mathematical ethics, and philosophical theology. By comparing definitions of relevant functions, a surprising analogy is discovered between the well-known Philo’s precise definition of implication in logic (classical one) and Augustine’s precise definition of God’s morally good reaction to human actions. The moral-value-table-representation of Augustinian doctrine is compared with moral-value-table-representations of Pelagius’ and Leo Tolstoy’s views of adequate moral-response-actions.

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Khan, Abir, Omid Amidi, Kenneth R. Hess, Michael S. Ewer, Wamique Yusuf, Jose Banchs, and Nicolas Palaskas. "Defining cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin and trastuzumab." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e23097-e23097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e23097.

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e23097 Background: Doxorubicin and trastuzumab have been described to cause clinical heart failure and asymptomatic declines in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Initial studies of doxorubicin in the 1970’s defined cardiotoxicity by the clinical syndrome of heart failure without imaging for LVEF determination. Trials with adjuvant trastuzumab used various LVEF cut-offs that were arbitrarily determined. This study aims to compare the predictive value of commonly used definitions of cardiotoxicity associated with chemotherapy for the development of clinical heart failure. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on an IRB approved cohort of 638 patients with breast cancer who received doxorubicin, trastuzumab, or both and who had baseline and follow up echocardiograms, collecting LVEF values for each echocardiogram. Clinical heart failure was determined by formal cardiology evaluations denoting clinical heart failure in patients. Four different definitions of cardiotoxicity were compared; American Society of Echocardiography (ASE), Cardiac Review and Evaluation Committee (CREC), Alexander et al, and Schwartz et al (Table). Results: Only 8 patients (1.25%) developed clinical heart failure. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each definition of cardiotoxicity are listed in the table. Conclusions: Overall there is a low threshold for detection of clinical heart failure in breast cancer therapy. While the ASE definition has the highest combination of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value, it has a sensitivity of only 62.5%. Thus, cardiologists and oncologists should collaborate to develop a definition of cardiotoxicity better correlated to clinical outcomes. [Table: see text]

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Wang, Greg G., Jon M. Werner, Judy Y. Sun, Ann Gilley, and Jerry W. Gilley. "Means vs ends: theorizing a definition of human resource development." Personnel Review 46, no. 6 (September 4, 2017): 1165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2015-0306.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the extant human resource development (HRD) definition research literature and theorizes a new definition of HRD. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted keyword and content analyses to examine selected 32 HRD definitions in relation to different organizational and sociopolitical contexts base on theory development criteria and methodology for definition research. Findings From a theoretical perspective, the extant definitions were mostly empirical descriptions of HRD practice with conceptualization being absent. From a context perspective, the definitions were based on HRD phenomena indigenous to the western world, especially the USA and Western Europe. They can hardly explain HRD phenomena in a non-western context. The glaring gaps lead to theorizing a new definition by focusing on the hard core of HRD in defining and criterial attributes. The defining attribute of HRD is its host-system-dependence, and the criterial attributes are its shaping and skilling mechanisms. Research limitations/implications This study unveils that HRD is a means to support the ends defined by the corresponding host system, and not an end in itself. This definition is applicable to different sociopolitical, cultural, and organizational contexts. It provides clear criteria and boundaries to gauge the relevance of HRD research and shows the unique identity of HRD, thus offering new directions to expand the landscape of HRD research. Practical implications The new definition can help human resources practitioners better understand the role and mechanism of HRD that the worldwide practitioners can resonate in various sociocultural and political contexts. Communicating the definition and goals of HRD will enhance internal clients’ understanding and appreciation of the value of HRD. Originality/value This study fills important research gaps in HRD definition research. It is the first HRD definition derived through a rigorous theory development process. The new definition connects the HRD research niche to the general human resource literature and lead to new HRD research.

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Mirkovic, Stefan, Dragan Pejic, Marjan Urekar, Bojan Vujicic, and Djordje Novakovic. "Improvement of an existing method of asynchronous sampling for determining RMS value." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 15, no. 1 (2018): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1801013m.

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Measuring a value by definition seems to be the best solution for getting the most precise results. In this paper, it is shown that by changing the general definition of root mean square (RMS) and average value of a periodic signal, their measurement can be improved. When measuring RMS with asynchronous sampling, it was observed that results were scattered around two values, and it was found that the main cause for this was initial sampling time. Redefining the RMS value has been proposed in order to increase the efficiency of the asynchronous method. After comparing the results based on general and proposed definition for RMS value, it was observed that there was significantly less scattering of results and higher accuracy. The simulation proved that the application of the proposed definition of RMS gives more accurate and precise results than the general definition for analog to digital (AD) converters with both lower and higher resolution.

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LeMay, Steve, Marilyn M. Helms, Bob Kimball, and Dave McMahon. "Supply chain management: the elusive concept and definition." International Journal of Logistics Management 28, no. 4 (November 13, 2017): 1425–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-10-2016-0232.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gather the current definitions of supply chain management in practical and analytical usage, to develop standards for assessing definitions and to apply these standards to the most readily available definitions of the term. Design/methodology/approach In this research, the authors gathered the current definitions of supply chain management in practical and analytical usage from journals, textbooks, universities, and industry associations and online. Findings The research ends with proposed definitions for consideration. Discussion and areas for future research are included. Research limitations/implications Involved organizations, supply chain management programs in higher education, and professional and certifying organizations in the field need to meet and work together to research consensus on the final definition of the field, realizing that definitions can evolve, but also recognizing that a starting point is needed in this rapidly growing area. Practical implications The authors argue, quite simply, that a consensus definition of supply chain management is unlikely as long as we continue offering and accepting definitions that are technically unsound. Many of the current definitions violate several principles of good definitions. For these reasons, they are either empty, too restrictive, or too expansive. Until we come across or develop a definition that overcomes these limitations and agree on it, then we will still search for “the” definition without finding it. The field will become more crowded with definitions, but less certain, and progress will be restricted. Originality/value Theoreticians, researchers, and practitioners in a discipline require key terms in a field to share a nominal definition and prefer to have a shared real or essential definition. Yet in supply chain management, we find no such shared definition, real or nominal. Even the Council of Supply Chain Management Professional offers its definition with the caveat: “The supply chain management (SCM) profession has continued to change and evolve to fit the needs of the growing global supply chain. With the supply chain covering a broad range of disciplines, the definition of what is a supply chain can be unclear” (CSCMP, 2016).

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Davis, Peter J., and Urs Haegler. "Mergers and Market Definition: Does a Focus on ‘Value Added’ Add Value?: Table 1:." Journal of European Competition Law & Practice 7, no. 5 (March 16, 2016): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpw015.

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Carver, Martin. "On archaeological value." Antiquity 70, no. 267 (March 1996): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00082879.

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The present system of English resource management relies on legal protected status given to a pre-designated group of monuments. When it is replaced by an adversarial debate between social values, hosted by the planning system, archaeology will need to arm itself with a definition of ‘archaeological value’. The new management system would favour research rather than monumentality as the principal asset of the heritage.

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Oliver, Beverley. "Micro-credentials: A learner value framework." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 12, no. 1 (September 16, 2021): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2021vol12no1art1456.

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Much has been made of micro-credentials, and the ‘craze’ (Ralston, 2021) and ‘hype’ (Roy & Clark, 2019) they generate. One of the barriers to their success is that a definition of micro-credentials has not been widely agreed (Kato, Galán-Muros, & Weko, 2020). However, to succeed, micro-credentials need not just a definition, but a way to ensure they are valued, and bring value to key stakeholders: particularly learners, employers and providers. To this end, this provocation proposes a micro-credential value framework that sets out their key benefits and costs for learners.

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Binda, Jacek. "Cryptocurrencies – problems of the high-risk instrument definition." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(1).2020.20.

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Money is a widely accepted commodity, which enables us to determine the economic value of purchased goods and services and make payments. The dynamic development of technology and social expectations has expanded the spectrum of available types of payment instruments, including e-money and cryptocurrencies. Among dematerialized means of payment, cryptocurrencies began to play an important role due to their independence from central financial institutions and a highly effective form of saving money. The paper aims to present legal authorization, referring to cryptocurrencies, in countries of the European Union and prove that bitcoin is a high-riskу financial instrument. The methodology of the study was based on the review of available legal acts and literature (regarding the nature and function of money) and Value at Risk (VaR) model on the example of risk assessment of cryptocurrencies with respect to investing in the selected currencies. The outcomes showed several discrepancies in the definition of cryptocurrencies. They indicated that bitcoin, as one of the best-known cryptocurrencies, does not fulfill the functions of money formulated in economic theory (in relation to e-money). Besides, cryptocurrencies have been shown to be high-risky instruments.

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Stafinski, Tania, Jackie Street, and Devidas Menon. "OP114 The Public's Role In Understanding The Value Of Health Technologies." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001411.

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Introduction:Increasingly, health technology assessment (HTA) organizations have instituted mechanisms for involving patients in assessment and review processes. The reasons are obvious—to understand the “patient experience” with a disease and to ensure that patient perspectives are considered during deliberations about the value of new treatments. More recently there have been efforts to engage the public in HTAs and HTA-informed decision-making processes. However, the goals of these efforts have not been well articulated. This may be attributable to the lack of a shared definition of “the public”. The objective of this study was to develop a common understanding of the term “the public” within the context of HTA.Methods:The following were conducted: a survey of HTA organizations; a systematic review; consultation with Health Technology Assessment international's Special Interest Group on Patient and Citizen Involvement; and a workshop comprising representatives from patient organizations, industry, and HTA bodies in Canada.Results:In many HTA processes, the terms “public” and “patients” are synonymous. Definitions found in scholarly articles vary and depend on the rationale for involving the public in a particular issue. Through consultations it became clear that, in the context of HTA, the definition depends on understanding what is missing from current deliberations around the value of new health technologies. There was consensus among workshop participants that: (i) “patients” and “the public” are not the same; (ii) the role of the public may be to ensure societal values are reflected in HTAs and HTA-informed decision-making processes (e.g. serving an audit function); and (iii) a legitimate definition of “the public” could be: “A non-aligned community member with no commercial or professional interest in the HTA process who is not a patient or member of a stakeholder group”.Conclusions:Consensus on the use of the terms “patient” and “public” will support rigorous, evidence-based public and patient engagement in HTA. The proposed definition indicates a way forward in this debate.

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Zakharenko, A. "REPRESENTATION OF SOCIALLY-ORIENTED VALUE CODES IN UKRAINIAN CINEMA." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Sociology 8 (2017): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2413-7979/8.12.

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This article determines category "value code" in modern science based on concepts of M. Weber, E. Durkheim, J. Dewey, R. Perry, H. Rickert, P. Sorokin, M. Lapin, O. Serebrennikova, J. Fiske, U. Eco, R. Jakobson and others. Disclosed definition of dependent value code of social values and cultural code as such. Determined the content characteristics concepts of "social values" and "code" for the scientific definition of value code within contemporary sociological categorical apparatus. Highlights mechanisms of representation of value codes in modern Ukrainian films production time of independent Ukraine (1991-2016). Analyzes the modern Ukrainian movies on filling their value codes based on sociocultural model of basic values of the Soviet sociologist M. Lapin.

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Liepelt-Scarfone, Inga, Susanne Graeber, Anne Feseker, Gülsüm Baysal, Jana Godau, Alexandra Gaenslen, Walter Maetzler, and Daniela Berg. "Influence of Different Cut-Off Values on the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease." Parkinson's Disease 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/540843.

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Comparable to Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI) is associated with an increased risk for dementia. However different definitions of PD-MCI may have varying predictive accuracy for dementia. In a cohort of 101 nondemented Parkinson patients who underwent neuropsychological testing, the frequency of PD-MCI subjects and PD-MCI subtypes (i.e., amnestic/nonamnestic) was determined by use of varying healthy population-based cut-off values. We also investigated the association between defined PD-MCI groups and ADL scales. Varying cut-off values for the definition of PD-MCI were found to affect frequency of PD-MCI subjects (9.9%–92.1%) and, maybe more important, lead to a “shift” of proportion of detected PD-MCI subtypes especially within the amnestic single-domain subtype. Models using a strict cut-off value were significantly associated with lower ADL scores. Thus, the use of defined cut-off values for the definition of PD-MCI is highly relevant for comparison purposes. Strict cut-off values may have a higher predictive value for dementia.

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Mairesse, François. "MUSEUM DIVERSITY THROUGH THE LENS OF THE KYOTO DEFINITION." Muzealnictwo 61 (May 29, 2020): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1605.

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The author analyses the logic underlying the ICOM museum definition process and the sense of continuity among the different definitions, since its creation in 1946. The new definition proposed in Kyoto in 2019 (during the ICOM General Conference, 1–7 September) created a risk of breaking within this continuity and the museum community. The definition process is here put in parallel with the notion of mission statement, associated with strategic management, and the value system linked to a resolutely activist vision of the museum, integrating such topics as gender, postcolonialism, sustainable development or human rights.

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Zhang, Kun, Mei Yi Chen, and Zhuang Li. "Similarity Measure of Vague Set Based on Uncertainty." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3850.

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According to the experimental analysis, this work found out the defect of the formula for similarity measure between current Vague values, and redefined the similarity measure between Vague values. Therefore, a new formula subject to the new definition was put forward according to data mining and uncertainty of Vague value.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Definition of value'

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