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Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Definitive host'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Definitive host"

1

Nation, Catherine S., Akram A. Da’dara, Jeffrey K. Marchant, and Patrick J. Skelly. "Schistosome migration in the definitive host." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14, no. 4 (2020): e0007951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007951.

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2

LAMBERTON, P. H. L., C. A. DONNELLY, and J. P. WEBSTER. "Specificity of theToxoplasma gondii-altered behaviour to definitive versus non-definitive host predation risk." Parasitology 135, no. 10 (2008): 1143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182008004666.

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SUMMARYThe hypothesis that the parasiteToxoplasma gondiimanipulates the behaviour of its intermediate rat host in order to increase its chance of being predated specifically by its feline definitive host, rather than a non-definitive host predator species, was tested. The impact of a range of therapeutic drugs, previously demonstrated to be effective in preventing the development ofT. gondii-associated behavioural and cognitive alterations in rats, on definitive-host predator specificity was also tested. Using a Y-shaped maze design, we demonstrated thatT. gondii-associated behavioural changes, apparently aimed to increase predation rate, do appear to be specific to that of the feline definitive host – there were significant and consistent differences between the (untreated) infected and uninfected rats groups whereT. gondii-infected rats tended to choose the definitive host feline-predator-associated maze arm and nest-box significantly more often than a maze arm or nest-box treated with non-definitive host predator (mink) odour. Drug treatment of infected rats prevented any such host-specificity from being displayed. We discuss our results in terms of their potential implications both forT. gondiiepidemiology and the evolution of parasite-altered behaviour.

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3

Rezaei, F., M. Tavassoli, and A. Mahmoudian. " Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infection among dogs (definitive host) and domestic ruminants (intermediate host) in the North West of Iran." Veterinární Medicína 56, No. 11 (2011): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4275-vetmed.

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&nbsp;Linguatula serrata is a zoonotic parasite causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in humans. Dog and other canines are the main definitive hosts while most herbivores, including ruminants serve as intermediate hosts for linguatulosis. Human rarely become infected as both final and intermediate hosts. This survey aimed to assess the L. serrata infection rate of dogs and domestic ruminants in North West of Iran. The upper respiratory tract of 97 dogs including 45 females and 52 males and the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of 396&nbsp;goats (203&nbsp;females and 193 males), 406 buffaloes (166 females and 240 males), 421 cattle (209 females and 212 males) and 438 sheep (223 females and 215 males) were examined for L. serrata. Animals were categorized into four age groups, including under six months, six to 24 months, two to four years and more than four years. Results showed that 27.83% of dogs were infected with L .serrata. The infection rate for goats, buffaloes, cattle and sheep was 50.75%, 26.6%, 36.62% and 42.69%, respectively. The prevalence rate in all animals was significantly associated with age and sex (P &le; 0.05). In ruminants, the highest infection rate was found in goats (P &le; 0.05). The results from this study indicate a high rate of infection in dogs and domestic ruminants, suggesting a potential high risk of zoonotic infection in man in the investigated area. &nbsp;

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4

Park, A. W. "Food web structure selects for parasite host range." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1908 (2019): 20191277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1277.

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Complex life cycle parasites, including helminths, use intermediate hosts for development and definitive hosts for reproduction, with interactions between the two host types governed by food web structure. I study how a parasite's intermediate host range is controlled by the diet breadth of definitive host species and the cost of parasite generalism, a putative fitness cost that assumes host range trades off against fitness derived from a host species. In spite of such costs, a benefit to generalism may occur when the definitive host exhibits a large diet breadth, enhancing transmission of generalist parasites via consumption of a broad array of infected intermediate hosts. I develop a simple theoretical model to demonstrate how different host range infection strategies are differentially selected for across a gradient of definitive host diet breadth according to the cost of generalism. I then use a parasitic helminth–host database in conjunction with a food web database to show that diet breadth of definitive hosts promotes generalist infection strategies at the intermediate host level, indicating relatively low costs of parasite generalism among helminths.

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5

Butcher, A. R., and D. I. Grove. "Second intermediate host land snails and definitive host animals ofBrachylaima cribbiin southern Australia." Parasite 12, no. 1 (2005): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2005121031.

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6

GORYACHEVA, M. V., O. O. MIKHEYEVA, L. A. CHURILOVA, et al. "DIROFILARIASIS. HUMAN AS A SECONDARY DEFINITIVE HOST (CLINICAL CASE)." Bulletin of Medical Science, no. 2(6) (2017): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31684/2541-8475.2017.2(6).18-21.

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7

Imai, Jun-ichi, and Hideo Hasegawa. "MOLTING OFGNATHOSTOMA DOLORESI(NEMATODA: GNATHOSTOMATOIDEA) IN THE DEFINITIVE HOST." Journal of Parasitology 87, no. 1 (2001): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0014:mogdng]2.0.co;2.

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8

Violante-González, Juan, Princessa J. Villalba-Vásquez, Scott Monks, Sergio García-Ibáñez, Agustín A. Rojas-Herrera, and Rafael Flores-Garza. "Reproductive traits of the acanthocephalanNeoechinorhynchus brentnickoliin the definitive host." Invertebrate Biology 136, no. 1 (2016): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ivb.12143.

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9

BANNERT, BRIGITTE. "Investigations on the Host Specificity of Dihomoxenous Sarcosporidia in the Intermediate and Definitive Host." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 41, no. 3 (1994): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1994.tb01494.x.

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10

LAGRUE, C., A. GÜVENATAM, and L. BOLLACHE. "Manipulative parasites may not alter intermediate host distribution but still enhance their transmission: field evidence for increased vulnerability to definitive hosts and non-host predator avoidance." Parasitology 140, no. 2 (2012): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182012001552.

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SUMMARYBehavioural alterations induced by parasites in their intermediate hosts can spatially structure host populations, possibly resulting in enhanced trophic transmission to definitive hosts. However, such alterations may also increase intermediate host vulnerability to non-host predators. Parasite-induced behavioural alterations may thus vary between parasite species and depend on each parasite definitive host species. We studied the influence of infection with 2 acanthocephalan parasites (Echinorhynchus truttae and Polymorphus minutus) on the distribution of the amphipod Gammarus pulex in the field. Predator presence or absence and predator species, whether suitable definitive host or dead-end predator, had no effect on the micro-distribution of infected or uninfected G. pulex amphipods. Although neither parasite species seem to influence intermediate host distribution, E. truttae infected G. pulex were still significantly more vulnerable to predation by fish (Cottus gobio), the parasite's definitive hosts. In contrast, G. pulex infected with P. minutus, a bird acanthocephalan, did not suffer from increased predation by C. gobio, a predator unsuitable as host for P. minutus. These results suggest that effects of behavioural changes associated with parasite infections might not be detectable until intermediate hosts actually come in contact with predators. However, parasite-induced changes in host spatial distribution may still be adaptive if they drive hosts into areas of high transmission probabilities.

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