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1

Evcim, Mehmet. "Large Deformation Analysis Of Shells Under Impulsive Loading." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611647/index.pdf.

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In this thesis large deformation behavior of shell structures under high intensity transient loading conditions is investigated by means of finite element method. For this purpose an explicit finite element program is developed with interactive user interface. The developed program deals with geometric and material nonlinearities which stem from large deformation elastic - plastic behavior. Results of the developed code are compared with the experimental data taken from the literature and simulation results of the commercial finite element program Ls-Dyna. Moreover, sensitivity study is carrie
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2

Palomby, Claudio. "Dynamic deformation and perforation of ductile cylindrical shells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257167.

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3

Nasto, Alice M. (Alice Meite). "Localization of deformation in thin shells under indentation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85477.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 72-77).<br>We perform a hybrid experimental and numerical study of the localization of deformation in thin spherical elastic shells under indentation. Past a critical indentation, the deformation of the shell ceases to be axisymmetric and sharp points of localized curvature form. In plates, these sharp points are known as d-cones. By way of analogy, regions of localization in shells are referred to as s-cones, fo
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4

Hoo, Fatt Michelle S. (Michelle Stephanie). "Deformation and rupture of cylindrical shells under dynamic loading." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95540.

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5

Watson, Philip. "The stress and deformation of laminated elastic plates and shells." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335200.

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6

Smith, Michael. "Elasto-plastic large deformation analysis of beams and shells using finite elements." Thesis, Kingston University, 1987. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20513/.

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The complete analysis of problems of solid mechanics must include the nonlinear effects of large deformations, inelastic material behaviour and changing boundary conditions. The finite element analysis of such problems using continuum finite elements is well established. However, the analysis of such problems using structural finite elements such as beams, plates and shells is still subject to restrictions which do not apply to continuum elements. The removal of these restrictions is important because (i) structural finite elements are widely used in current engineering practice (ii) the reduc
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7

Thorpe, Maria Anastasia. "Deformation and buckling of isolated and interacting thin shells in an elastic medium." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/deformation-and-buckling-of-isolated-and-interacting-thin-shells-in-an-elastic-medium(14b4172d-e302-4cf7-9ab2-9718e9aa182f).html.

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This thesis aims to model the effects of interaction and buckling upon pairs of micro-shells embedded within an elastic medium under far field hydrostatic pressure. This analysis is motivated by the role shell buckling plays in the nonlinear nature of the pressure relative volume curve of elastomers containing micro-shells. Current models of the effective properties of these types of composites assume shells are in a dilute distribution within the host medium, and as such assume shells will buckle at the pressure of the associated isolated embedded shell model. For composites with a high volum
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8

Melnikov, Andrey. "Bifurcation of thick-walled electroelastic cylindrical and spherical shells at finite deformation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7910/.

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In this dissertation we consider some boundary value and stability problems for electro-active soft rubberlike materials which withstand finite deformations elastically. In the beginning we consider in detail the problem of finite deformation of a pressurized electroelastic circular cylindrical tube with closed ends with compliant electrodes at its curved boundaries. Expressions for the dependence of the pressure and reduced axial load on the deformation and a potential difference between the electrodes, or uniform surface charge distributions, are obtained in respect of a general isotropic el
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9

Oygur, Ozgur Sinan. "Semi Analytical Study Of Stress And Deformation Analysis Of Anisotropic Shells Of Revolution Including First Order Transverse Shear Deformation." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609870/index.pdf.

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In this study, anisotropic shells of revolution subject to symmetric and unsymmetrical static loads are analysed. In derivation of governing equations to be used in the solution, first order transverse shear effects are included in the formulation. The governing equations can be listed as kinematic equations, constitutive equations, and equations of motion. The equations of motion are derived from Hamilton&rsquo<br>s principle, the constitutive equations are developed under the assumptions of the classical lamination theory and the kinematic equations are based on the Reissner-Naghdi linear sh
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10

Rückert, Jens, and Arnd Meyer. "Kirchhoff Plates and Large Deformation." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-96896.

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In the simulation of deformations of plates it is well known that we have to use a special treatment of the thickness dependence. Therewith we achieve a reduction of dimension from 3D to 2D. For linear elasticity and small deformations several techniques are well established to handle the reduction of dimension and achieve acceptable numerical results. In the case of large deformations of plates with non-linear material behaviour there exist different problems. For example the analytical integration over the thickness of the plate is not possible due to the non-linearities arising from the mat
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11

Nosier, Asghar. "On vibration and stability problems of laminated plates and shells using shear deformation theories." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37868.

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This study deals with the vibration and stability analyses of laminated plates and shells, using classical, first-order and third-order equivalent single-layer theories and the layer-wise theory of Reddy. Analytical solutions of these theories for natural frequencies and critical buckling loads of plates and shells under various boundary conditions are developed using an improved analytical procedure. A solution for the transient response of viscously damped cross-ply laminated plates, subjected to a sonic-boom type loading, is developed using the third-order shear deformation plate theory of
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12

Tuzun, Aydin. "Large Deformation Analysis Of Flexible Multibody Systems." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614821/index.pdf.

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Large displacement and large strain problems of mechanical systems can be solved mainly by four methods. These are Floating Frame of Reference, Incremental Finite Element, Large Rotation Vector and Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulations (ANCF). Due to exact rigid body representation, simple mass matrix structure and non-incremental formulation, ANCF is more convenient in analyzing flexible multibody systems. However, it is limited to problems with regular boundaries, currently. The aim of the thesis is to improve the current ANCF in order to handle various problems with irregular boundaries. F
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13

Meyer, Arnd. "The Koiter shell equation in a coordinate free description - extended." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-122737.

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We give an alternate description of Koiter's shell equation that does not depend on the special mid surface coordinates, but uses differential operators defined on the mid surface. This is the continuation of the preprint CSC12-02 (http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-96903) due to new additional simplifications of these operators.
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14

Hegemann, Jonas [Verfasser], Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Kierfeld, and Heinz [Gutachter] Rehage. "Deformation behavior of elastic shells and biological cells / Jonas Hegemann ; Gutachter: Heinz Rehage ; Betreuer: Jan Kierfeld." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160443122/34.

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15

Liu, Chorng-Fuh. "Geometrically nonlinear analysis of composite laminates using a refined shear deformation shell theory." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54453.

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The theory is based on an assumed displacement field, in which the surface displacements are expanded in powers of the thickness coordinate up to the third order. The theory allows parabolic description of the transverse shear stresses, and therefore the shear correction factors of the usual shear deformation theory are not required in the present theory. The theory accounts for small strains but moderately large displacements (i.e., von Karman strains). Exact solutions for certain cross-ply shells and finite-element models of the theory are also developed. The finite-element model is based on
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16

Mataix, Ferrándiz Vicente. "Innovative mathematical and numerical models for studying the deformation of shells during industrial forming processes with the Finite Element Method." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669567.

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The doctoral thesis "Innovative mathematical and numerical models for studying the deformation of shells during industrial forming processes with the Finite Element Method" aims to contribute to the development of finite element methods for the analysis of stamping processes, a problematic area with a clear industrial application. To achieve the proposed objectives, the first part of this thesis covers the solid-shell elements. This type of element is attractive for the simulation of forming processes, since any type of three-dimensional constitutive law can be formulated without the need t
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17

Rückert, Jens. "Kirchhoff Plates and Large Deformations - Modelling and C^1-continuous Discretization." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-121275.

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In this thesis a theory for large deformation of plates is presented. Herein aspects of the common 3D-theory for large deformation with the Kirchhoff hypothesis for reducing the dimension from 3D to 2D is combined. Even though the Kirchhoff assumption was developed for small strain and linear material laws, the deformation of thin plates made of isotropic non-linear material was investigated in a numerical experiment. Finally a heavily deformed shell without any change in thickness arises. This way of modeling leads to a two-dimensional strain tensor essentially depending on the first two fund
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18

Seereeram, Videsh Ramjas. "Compliant shell mechanisms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610867.

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19

Сторожук, Є. А. "Нелінійні задачі статики для металевих і композитних оболонок з підкріпленими отворами". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39346.

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Тонкі оболонки, виготовлені з металевих і композитних матеріалів, як елементи сучасних конструкцій знаходять широке застосування в інженерній практиці. В багатьох випадках в цих елементах по конструктивним або технологічним міркуванням мають місце концентратори напружень (отвори і вирізи). При розв’язанні питань оптимального проектування вказаних тонкостінних конструкцій контури отворів і вирізів підкріплюють, частіше всього, різного виду ребрами жорсткості (стержнями, кільцями).
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20

Данільцев, В. В. "Міцність конструкцій зі склопластику з міжшаровими дефектами структури матеріалу". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46034.

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У дисертаційній роботі вирішений ряд важливих науково-технічних завдань, які включають в себе обґрунтування моделей і методик розрахунку напружено-деформованого та термопружного стану багатошарових оболонок обертання з міжшаровими дефектами структури. Розроблено та апробовано методику визначення інтегральних термопружних характеристик композитів шаруватої структури, запропоновано алгоритм визначення коефіцієнтів теплового лінійного розширення та теплопровідності багатошарового анізотропного матеріалу. Визначений термопружний деформований стан багатошарових оболонок обертання. Розв’язано задачу
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21

Сторожук, Є. А. "Некласичний підхід до моделювання деформування оболонок з підкріпленими отворами". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39333.

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При традиційному підході оболонка з підкріпленими отворами розглядається як конструкція, що складається із власне оболонки і підкріплювальних одновимірних тонких стержнів. Напружено-деформований стан (НДС) кожного з цих елементів визначається рівняннями відповідної прикладної теорії і має свої особливості. Тому при побудові теорії, яка описує НДС оболонок з підкріпленими отворами, виникають труднощі, пов’язані з необхідністю врахування сумісної роботи елементів різної мірності і задоволення умов контакту.
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22

Li, Tianyu. "On the Formulation of a Hybrid Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method (DG-FEM) for Multi-layered Shell Structures." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82962.

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A high-order hybrid discontinuous Galerkin finite element method (DG-FEM) is developed for multi-layered curved panels having large deformation and finite strain. The kinematics of the multi-layered shells is presented at first. The Jacobian matrix and its determinant are also calculated. The weak form of the DG-FEM is next presented. In this case, the discontinuous basis functions can be employed for the displacement basis functions. The implementation details of the nonlinear FEM are next presented. Then, the Consistent Orthogonal Basis Function Space is developed. Given the boundary conditi
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23

Heil, Matthias. "Large deformations of cylindrical shells conveying viscous flow." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423315.

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24

Ochinero, Tomoya Thomas. "Deformations of Unsymmetric Composite Panels." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29375.

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This work discusses the deformations of various unsymmetric composite panels due to thermal and mechanical loads. Chapter 2 focuses on the warpage of large unsymmetric curved composite panels due manufacturing anomalies. These panels are subjected to a temperature change of -280°F to simulate the cooling from the autoclave cure temperature. Sixteen layer quasi-isotropic, axial-stiff, and circumferentially-stiff laminates are considered. These panels are intended to be symmetric laminates, but are slightly unsymmetric due to the manufacturing anomalies. Rayleigh-Ritz and finite-element models
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25

Taniguchi, Yasutaka. "Clustering and deformations in sd-shell region." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136875.

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26

Wung, Pey M. "Large deformation analysis of laminated composite structures by a continuum-based shell element with transverse deformation." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54815.

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In this work, a finite element formulation and associated computer program is developed for the transient large deformation analysis of laminated composite plate/shell structures. In order to satisfy the plate/shell surface traction boundary conditions and to have accurate stress description while maintaining the low cost of the analysis, a newly assumed displacement field theory is formulated by adding higher-order terms to the transverse displacement component of the first-order shear deformation theory. The laminated shell theory is formulated using the Updated Lagrangian description of a g
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27

Talamini, Brandon Louis. "Simulation of deformation and fracture in very large shell structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103420.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 207-221).<br>Although advances in computing have increased the limits of three-dimensional computational solid mechanics, structural elements remain essential in the practical design of very large thin structures such as aircraft fuselages,
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28

Bonatti, Colin. "Design and large deformation response of additively-manufactured shell-lattices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121763.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 179-185).<br>Open-cell cellular solids are porous structures with a large variety of applications, from energy absorption to medical engineering. In an attempt to identify isotropic configurations with high low and large strain mechanical properties, detailed numerical simulations are conducted on a wide range of mesostructures of cubic symmetry. Results are partially validated through uniaxial compression of sp
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29

Paulus, Christoph Joachim. "Topological changes in simulations of deformable objects." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD009/document.

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La découpe virtuelle d'objets déformables est au coeur de nombreuses applications pour la simulation interactive. Nous présentons un nouvel algorithme de remaillage permettant la simulation de découpes avec la méthode des éléments finis. Nous avons combiné notre algorithme avec la méthode du «snapping» déplaçant les noeuds la surface de coupe, pour des tétradres linéaires. Notre approche permet de maîtriser le nombre de noeuds et de la qualité numérique du maillage durant les coupes. Elle donne des résultats similaires pour les fonctions de forme quadratiques. Dans ce cadre, nous avons évalué
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Marangou, Maria G. "Thermoforming of polystyrene sheets deformation and tensile properties." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65953.

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31

Daly, Samantha Hayes Bhattacharya Kaushik Ravichandran G. Bhattacharya Kaushik Ravichandran G. "Deformation and fracture of thin sheets of nitinol /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2007. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05252007-000127.

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32

Dia, Mouhamadou. "Hexahedral and prismatic solid-shell for nonlinear analysis of thin and medium-thick structures." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI040.

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Les structures à faibles ou moyennes épaisseurs sont naturellement présentes dans la plupart des installations de production d'énergie : bâtiment réacteur, tuyauteries sous pression, réservoirs métalliques ou bâches, cuve de réacteur, liners métalliques des enceintes de confinement pour ne citer que ceux‐là. Un besoin actuellement exprimé par les unités d'ingénierie d’EDF est la modélisation des phénomènes de cloquage de liners métalliques des bâtiments réacteur. Un liner est une structures de type tôle métallique assurant la fonction d’étanchéité des centrales nucléaires. Sa modélisation néce
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33

Wagner, Till Jakob Wenzel. "Elastocapillarity : adhesion and large deformations of thin sheets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244939.

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This thesis is concerned with the deformation and adhesion of thin elastic sheets that come into contact with an underlying substrate. The focus of this work is on the interplay between material and geometric properties of a system and how this interplay determines the equilibrium states of sheet and substrate, particularly in the regime of geometrically nonlinear deformations. We first consider the form of an elastic sheet that is partially adhered to a rigid substrate, accounting for deflections with large slope: the Sticky Elastica. Starting from the classical Euler Elastica we provide nume
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34

Meyer, Arnd. "The Koiter shell equation in a coordinate free description." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-96903.

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Tulley, Matthew J. C. "Numerical modelling of erosion and deposition beneath Quaternary ice sheets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388461.

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Song, Yuzhan. "Thermo-elastoviscoplastic postbuckling behavior of shell-like structures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11703.

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Sachtleber, Michael. "Surface roughening and micromechanics of plastically strained aluminum sheets /." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014833476&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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38

Yildiz, Tuba. "Development Of A Shell Finite Element For Large Deformation Analysis Of Laminated Composites." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609943/index.pdf.

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The objective of the present work is to investigate the behavior of laminated fiber -reinforced polymer matrix composite shell structures under bending load with the help of a modified finite element computer code which was previously developed for the analysis of pseudo-layered single material shells. The laminates are assumed to be orthotropic and the formulation is adapted to first order shear deformation theory. The aim is to determine the large deformation characteristics numerically, and to predict the modes of failure by the illustration of the critical elements of the model. Therefore,
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39

Grant, Neil T. "Deformation and fluid processes in thrust sheets from the central Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2210/.

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Deformation and fluid processes in thrust sheets are studied using a small thrust system n the footwall of the Gavarnle Thrust, central Pyrenees. This system comprises a set of blind thrusts that Imbricate a thin Mesozoic cover succession (Triassic red beds and Upper Cretaceous limestone) in the Cirque de Barroude and produce a culmination in the Gavamle Thrust. An Intense cleavage developed within the culmination associated with the oblique tipping of thrusts as they climb from the basement into the cover strata. The distributed strain associated with the fault tips locally reactivated earlie
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40

Arciniega, Aleman Roman Augusto. "On a tensor-based finite element model for the analysis of shell structures." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3156.

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In the present study, we propose a computational model for the linear and nonlinear analysis of shell structures. We consider a tensor-based finite element formulation which describes the mathematical shell model in a natural and simple way by using curvilinear coordinates. To avoid membrane and shear locking we develop a family of high-order elements with Lagrangian interpolations. The approach is first applied to linear deformations based on a novel and consistent third-order shear deformation shell theory for bending of composite shells. No simplification other than the assumption of linear
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41

Shah, Priyal. "Computational Analysis of Elastic Moduli of Covalently Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials, Infinitesimal Elastostatic Deformations of Doubly Curved Laminated Shells, and Curing of Laminates." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77034.

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We numerically analyze three mechanics problems described below. For each problem, the developed computational model is verified by comparing computed results for example problems with those available in the literature. Effective utilization of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and single layer graphene sheets (SLGSs) as reinforcements in nanocomposites requires their strong binding with the surrounding matrix. An effective technique to enhance this binding is to functionalize SWCNTs and SLGSs by covalent attachment of appropriate chemical groups. However, this damages their pristin
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42

Lee, Seung Joon. "Nonlinear analysis of smart composite plate and shell structures." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2218.

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Theoretical formulations, analytical solutions, and finite element solutions for laminated composite plate and shell structures with smart material laminae are presented in the study. A unified third-order shear deformation theory is formulated and used to study vibration/deflection suppression characteristics of plate and shell structures. The von K??rm??n type geometric nonlinearity is included in the formulation. Third-order shear deformation theory based on Donnell and Sanders nonlinear shell theories is chosen for the shell formulation. The smart material used in this study to achieve d
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43

Holsgrove, Stephen Clive. "Large deformation, large roation elasto-plastic shell analysis with particular application to tubular members and joints." Thesis, Kingston University, 1987. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20511/.

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The ultimate strength assessment of steel tubular members is of the utmost importance to the design and maintenance of many structures including large offshore platforms. Ultimate strength assessments I using numerical solutions must model both nonlinear material and geometric behaviour. The latter must consider large displacements, very often large rotations, and possibly even large strains. These numerical solutions must be computationally efficient and be capable of running on generally available computer hardware, i.e. minicomputers. To achieve this efficiency, attention must be paid to pr
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44

Meyer, Arnd. "The linear Naghdi shell equation in a coordinate free description." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-127368.

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45

Kamerlin, Natasha. "Computer Simulations of Polymer Gels : Structure, Dynamics, and Deformation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysikalisk kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332575.

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This thesis presents the results of computer simulation studies of the structure, dynamics, and deformation of cross-linked polymer gels. Obtaining a fundamental understanding of the interrelation between the detailed structure and the properties of polymer gels is a challenge and a key issue towards designing materials for specific purposes. A new off-lattice method for constructing a closed network is presented that is free from defects, such as looping chains and dangling ends. Using these model networks in Brownian dynamics simulations, I show results for the structure and dynamics of bulk
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46

Bai, Renzi. "Modélisation de la mise en forme des renforts fibreux : Nouvelle Approche de coque spécifique et étude expérimentale." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI108.

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La déformation des renforts composites textiles est fortement conditionnée par leur composition fibreuse. Les théories classiques des plaques et des coques sont basées sur des hypothèses cinématiques qui ne sont pas vérifiées pour les renforts textiles. Des expérimentations montrent que le glissement entre fibres (couche) dans l’épaisseur fait la spécificité des matériaux fibreux. Le processus RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) est largement utilisé pour obtenir des pièces composites avec géométrie complexe. La mise en forme est une étape très importante. Afin d’optimiser la fabrication de produit (
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47

Jacobson, Herbert Paul. "Folding of stratigraphic layers in ice domes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6837.

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48

Максимюк, В. А. "Про вісесиметричне деформування замкнутої тороїдальної оболонки еліптичного перетину". Thesis, Cумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47942.

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Тороїдальні замкнуті тонкі оболонки становлять інтерес не тільки в наземній інженерії, але як і елементи космічних конструкцій [1]. До останніх відносяться надлегкі надувні супутникові компоненти, які служать елементами антен та конструкціями для підтримки космічних телескопів. Бажано, щоб такі тороїдальні оболонки у місцях прикріплення мали потовщення. Тоді, може виявитися, що оболонки некругового поперечного перетину будуть вигіднішими від оболонок кругового перетину.
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49

Seifert, Fiona Bronwyn. "Origin of surface undulations at the Kamb Ice Stream grounding line, West Antarctica." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/677.

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The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is drained primarily by five major ice streams, which together control the volume of ice discharged into the ocean across the grounding line. The grounding line of Kamb Ice Stream (KIS) is unusual because the ice stream upstream of it is stagnant. Here, a set of surface features--shore-parallel, long wavelength, low amplitude undulations--found only at that grounding line are examined and found to be "pinch and swell" features formed by an instability in the viscous deformation of the ice. When a relatively competent layer is surrounded by lower strength materials,
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50

Ganas, Athanassios Carleton University Dissertation Geology. "Three-dimensional deformation of a statistically homogeneous anisotropic material at high strains, by formation of extensional ductile shears." Ottawa, 1990.

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