Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Déformation tectonique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Déformation tectonique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
De, Martini Paolo Marco. "Combined geodetic and geologic analysis of crustal deformation at different time scales : A contribution to the identification and characterization of seismogenic structures in the Apennines (Italy)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DE_MARTINI_Paolo_Marco_2007.pdf.
Full textMolliex, Stéphane. "Caractérisation de la déformation tectonique récente en Provence (SE France)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00493766.
Full textDelouis, Bertrand. "Subduction et déformation continentale au Nord-Chili." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13218.
Full textMolliex, Stéphane. "Caractérisation de la déformation tectonique récente en Provence (Sud-Est France)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00493766.
Full textA multidisciplinary study (tectonics, geomorphology, geophysics, boreholes, 10Be ages…) has been realized in order to characterize recent tectonic deformations in Provence. The aim was to understand the geodynamic evolution of potentially seismogenic structures, to determine deformation rates for the plio-quaternary period and to study the relationship between tectonic and erosion in this slow deformation rate context. Pliocene to present-day deformations are controlled by the geodynamics of the Alps but the structures of Provence mainly result from the “pyrénéo-provençal” phase which occurred from Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene. The “alpine” Miocene phase is mainly expressed between the Middle Durance fault and the Salon-Cavaillon fault (e. G. Luberon, Trévaresse). Displacement rates obtained from the deformation of geomorphic markers resulting from the messinian salinity crisis or/and the Quaternary glacio-eustatism cycles are often lesser than 0,1 mm/yr. This deformation could be recorded by very recent geological markers even if the present-day geomorphology is controlled by erosional processes
Niño, Fernando. "Modélisation numérique de la déformation localisée et de l'activité tectonique des failles." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20019.
Full textKress, Béatrice. "Evolution de l'Arctique : implications sur la déformation des plaques lithosphériques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13131.
Full textMaillart, Jérôme. "Différenciation entre tectonique synsédimentaire et compaction différentielle." Paris, ENMP, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ENMP0219.
Full textBobineau, Jean-Pierre. "Simulations numériques de phénomènes tectoniques : calculs de déformations tectoniques par la méthode des éléments finis : recherche de la localisation des grandes déformations créant les failles." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ECAP0209.
Full textBourjot, Laurence. "Relation entre structure lithosphérique profonde et déformation de surface au Tibet." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077277.
Full textBelguith, Youssef. "Déformation en extension récente et active de la Tunisie." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA1032.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was the characterization of the recent tectonic extension in Tunisia. The study concerned the rifts of the Tunisian Atlas and the extensive structures of the Sahel. Various methods of structural analysis were adopted such as the field tectonic analysis, the Stress inversion from faults using the Direct Inverse method, the statistical analysis of the fracturing and the seismic data. Field observations show that the rifts borders are structured by NW-SE-trending normal faults having various sizes. These rifts are filled by "Post-Tortonian" sediments which are affected by synsedimentary extensive structures related to rifting. The quaternary deposits, tectonically stable, seem to be "post-rift". Early halokinetics is shown by the seismic data in the current site of Atlasic rifts. The recent diapiric reactivation assumes a significant role in the localisation of the deformation during the major tectonic extension responsible to rifting in the Tunisian Atlas. The microtectonic analysis in the various study zones, in Atlasic rifts and the Sahel, shows that the majority of faults are dip-slip, formed by a NE-SW-trending major tectonic extension at the end-Miocene and Pliocene age (s. L). A minor NW-SE-trending extension, sub-perpendicular and posterior to the major extension, seems to be the result of a transient permutations of σ2 and σ3 axes during the main extensional event; the Quaternary age would be characterized by another minor NE-SW-trending extensive movement. The analogue modelling is adopted to simulate the uniaxial extension in Tunisia on the crustal scale in presence of evaporites (four-layer model: Sand/Silicone/Sand/Silicone +barytes). This experimental method suggested that this recent extension would be due to a NE-SW-trending crustal stretching involving a thinning of continental crust. This tectonic movement resulted in a principal rifts zone, corresponding to the Pantelleria rifts zone, and the small rifts of Tunisian Atlas. All these rifts are sub-perpendicular to the extensional trend. The small rifts are not very deep and implanted on a décollement level formed by the Triassic evaporites. The localization of these small rifts is guided by pre-existent Triassic diapirs situated in the current rifts zone. The recent extensional event in Tunisia is integrated in the geodynamic context of the North African margin; in fact, this tectonic extension in Tuniso-Sicilian zone would be due to migration of the Ionien block towards the Hellenic subduction zone
Taboada, Alfredo. "Modélisation numérique en tectonique : applications dans les domaines ductile et cassant." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20022.
Full textBen, Jemiaa Mohamed. "Évolution tectonique de la zone de failles Trozza-Labeied (Tunisie centrale)." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112342.
Full textBerthet, Théo. "Variations latérales de la déformation crustale en Himalaya." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002381.
Full textNocquet, Jean-Mathieu. "Mesure de la déformation crustale en Europe occidentale par géodésie spatiale." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5738.
Full textCurrent deformation in western Europe and the western Mediterranean is usually assumed to be a consequence of the convergence between the African and Eurasia plates. However, the diversity of strain patterns observed within the plate boundary zone, the existence of rigid microplates and of active intraplate structures significantly complicate this apparently simple kinematic pattern. The accuracy of space geodetic techniques has reached a level where horizontal velocities of the order of a few millimeters per year within hundreds to thousands kilometers can now be detected. In order to achieve such an accuracy, combination methods were used and adapted, enabling to derive simultaneously a unique consistent solution from 3 permanent GPS networks (European (EUREF), national (RGP) and REGAL (western Alps) GPS permanent networks). The resulting velocity field describes horizontal crustal motion at 64 sites in western Europe with an accuracy better than 1 mm/yr. A statistical analysis shows that Central Europe behaves rigidly at a 0. 4 mm/yr level and can therefore be used to define a stable Europe reference frame. In that reference frame, no significant motion is found at sites located west of the Rhine Graben on the Iberian peninsula, on the Corsica-Sardinia block. Residual velocities for sites that possibly belong to the African plate suggest that the Africa/Eurasia plate motion may actually be significantly different from the NUVEL1A prediction. The geodetic data confirm the counter-clockwise rotation of the Adriatic microplate that appears to control the strain pattern along its boundaries in the Friuli area, the Alps, and the Apennines and the Dinarides. In the western Alps, the current strain pattern combines E-W extension and right-lateral shear. Numerical simulations indicate that in the context of low shortening, body forces contribution due to western Alps topography are strong enough to generate extension in the inner part of the range
Loevenbruck, Anne. "Déformation active du domaine Nord Luzon, Philippines, et de Taiwan." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112099.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the mechanisms and tectonic processes involved in long and short terms active deformation of two mountain ranges, the Central Cordillera of Luzon and the Central Range of Taiwan, both along the Manila subduction zone. The Central Cordillera of Luzon, built along the related volcanic arc, extends at the northern extremity of the left-lateral Philippine fault. This study of this chain aims to characterize the present permanent deformation and the involved tectonic processes. GPS data are first used to define a kinematic model which quantitatively describes the complex tectonic system of Luzon. The interpretation of SAR images and the analysis of field data then show that the relief of the Central Cordillera is built by a thrusting system, now reactivated with a left-lateral component in the northern extension of the Philippine fault. This study suggests that the shortening structures are related to the subduction of the oceanic Scarborough ridge. The Central Range of Taiwan is the accretionary wedge built as the Manila subduction zone leads the continental China margin to converge toward the volcanic arc. Transient deformations of the seismic cycle are examined along the western thrust front, broken in 1999 during the Chi-Chi earthquake. The coseismic slip distribution is first calculated by inversion of the surface displacements measured by GPS and SPOT images correlation. The analysis of the whole seismic cycle transient deformations allows then to examine the implications of this coseismic slip distribution and to propose a tectonic model for Taiwan. The coseismic slip heterogeneities are finally explained by the variations of the interseismic locking, suggesting that the coupling along the western thrust front of Taiwan increases toward north and toward surface, that is globally in the plate motion direction
Gout, Claude. "Tectonique océanique et tectonique alpine dans les schistes lustrés de Haute Ubaye ( zone piémontaise des Alpes occidentales)." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505260.
Full textNikitina, Yelena. "Modélisation analytique et numérique appliquée à la clarification du mécanisme de la déformation dans la région Caucase-Iran." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066148.
Full textDriehaus, Lena. "Modélisation analogique de la déformation des zones en compression et subduction." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995398.
Full textFournier, Marc. "Ouverture de bassins marginaux et déformation continentale : l'exemple de la mer du Japon." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066125.
Full textLapique, Frédéric. "Traitement informatique de la déformation finie et interprétation de l'évolution tectonique Pan-Africaine de la région Timgaouine (Hoggar, Algérie)." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10471.
Full textNguyen, Van Vuong. "Etude structurale de la chaine de truong son (viet-nam central) : evolution tectonique d'une zone de cisaillement polyphasee." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066487.
Full textFidalgo, González Luis. "La cinématique de l'Atlantique nord : la question de la déformation intraplaque." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES2035.
Full textThe kinematic reconstructions of the North Atlantic present the problem of the fit north and south of the Faeroe-Iceland-Greenland Ridge. The reconstructions obtained using fracture zones as the primary structure for tectonic reconstructions, confirm the existence of discontinuities at several scales on kinematic fits. Geological data allow these discontinuities to be interpreted in terms of intraplate deformation. The model presented offers a chronology for this deformation and tries to quantify it. In addition to well known compressional intraplate deformation, this model proposes significant extensional deformation in the oceanic lithosphere west of Iberia. It confirms the abrupt deceleration of African plate motion towards Europe between anomalies C31 and C24. Finally, this model proposes a mixed crustal affinity (oceanic and continental) for the Rockall Plateau, similar to oceanic plateaus in the Indian Ocean
Arriagada, César. "Rotations tectoniques et déformation de l'avant arc des Andes centrales au cours du cénozoi͏̈que." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006036.
Full textDe, Chabalier Jean-Bernard. "Topographie et déformation tridimensionnelle du Rift d'Asal (Djibouti) : de la disparition d'un volcan à la naissance d'un océan." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA077135.
Full textKuntz, Michel. "Approche expérimentale de la déformation dans les systèmes préfracturés : une application à l'inversion tectonique des bassins sédimentaires." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10059.
Full textArroucau, Pierre. "Sismicité du Massif Armoricain : relocalisations et interprétation tectonique." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00117056.
Full textAlvarado, Alexandra. "Néotectonique et cinématique de la déformation continentale en Equateur." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENU026/document.
Full textLocated in the Northern Andes along the active subduction zone of the Nazca plate beneath the South American continent, Ecuador is highly exposed to seismic risk. Moreover, the upper plate is actively deforming and faults responsible for crustal earthquakes are poorly known, showing the need to take them into account in modern assessments of seismic hazard.Our first objective is then the study of regional active faults and their kinematics, in Ecuador. Systematic analysis of air photos and satellite imagery, as well as geomorphic evidences gathered at different scales along these structures permitted us to obtain a regional tectonic map. Each observation was taken in account if also confirmed on digital terrain models (DTM) and field data. Finally this first step permitted to establish a first up-to-date and homogeneous catalog of major tectonic structures, active at the Quaternary time scale, consistent over the entire territory. We also determined the sense of motion of these active faults in Ecuador. Additionally, we integrate the seismic (instrumental and historical seismicity together with focal mechanisms for the higher magnitude events) and geodetic data available from national, global networks and field work to derive consistent kinematics models. Finally, the kinematics of each segment is compared to the instantaneous and cumulated Quaternary deformation.We are thus able to document a major tectonic system in Ecuador: the Chingual-Cosanga-Pallatanga-Puná fault system, showing a relative velocity of 7-8 mm/yr. with respect to South America. The deformation is characterized mainly by a combination of dextral NE-SW transpressive faults and reverse NS faults. This system accommodates the northward tectonic extrusion of the North Andean Block. Our interpretation implies the existence and definition of a new micro block, isolated on the western flank of the CCPP structure, bounded on the west by the thrust fault system of Quito and Latacunga and to the east by the Chingual-Cosanga faults, probably active over the past 3 million years.In a second step, the analysis of the evolution of the drainage system and its interaction with the active tectonic deformation, together with focused sampling and dating was applied to the study of a particular region of the Andes of Ecuador: the Latacunga and Quito micro-block together with the Quito faults system. The Quito reverse faults system consists of blind thrust faults that outcrop at the surface as a series of en-echelon folds, dipping west and affecting Quaternary volcanic deposits. This kinematics is further confirmed by the analysis of surface and local seismicity and focal mechanisms provided mainly by the national network RENSIG. Available GPS data show a EW convergence at a rate of 4 mm/yr, which is accommodated on the Quito fault system, and particularly active at a regional level. At depth the Quito fault system is probably connected to the west to the old suture, which marks the limit of oceanic terranes accreted to the continent. The analysis of the drainage system has allowed us to highlight the propagation of Quito fault system eastward and northward during the Quaternary.To conclude from the new local and regional models of Quaternary deformation in Ecuador, we have characterized and defined new seismic sources for the continental crust. Each source corresponds to a characteristic magnitude value and deformation model. This contribution integrates active tectonics as should be done in future seismic hazard calculations to help better quantity seismic hazard on Ecuadorian territory
Kuntz, Michel. "Approche expérimentale de la déformation dans les systèmes préfracturés: contribution à l'étude de l'inversion tectonique des bassins sédimentaires." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653768.
Full textAhmed, Daoud Mohamed. "Dynamique du rifting continental de 30 MA à l'actuel dans la partie Sud Est du Triangle Afar : tectonique et magmatisme du rift de Tadjoura et des domaines Danakil et d'Ali Sabieh, République de Djibouti." Brest, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00312800.
Full textThe results of our study supply new constraints about the recent kinematical history of the Tadjoura Gulf and the Ali Sabieh range in the eastern part of the Afar Triangle. The Tadjoura rift is interpreted as a typical half-graben, accommodating 25-30% of bulk extension, and showing a progressive focussing of strain along its axial part with times. The geometrical and statistical analysis of fault networks indicates a gradient of extensional strain that we ascribe to the lateral locking of faut tip propagation against the Arta submeridian inherited faut zone. That mechanical disturbance is assumed to have caused the transfer of extension from the Tadjoura rift into the Ghoubbet-Asal trough, via a rift jump process. From structural and geochemical-radiometrical studies of older (Miocene) synrift volcanics in the Ali Sabieh range, their regional-scale antiformal structure is assigned to the emplacement of a shallow-level mafic intrusion (laccolith-type) during Miocene times. By contrast, the edification of the Danakil range is related to more recent Tadjoura/Asal rift tectonics. From our results, new asumptions are teatatively proposed to a number of key-issues dealing with the overall kinematic development of the Afar rift system, such as : the sens of active rift axes propagation, the spatial distribution of initial trap volcanism (30 Ma), the evolution of the Danakil microblock, as well as the nature of the eastern margin with the Red Sea fault-basinal domain to the E
Faivre, Sanja. "Landforms and tectonics of the Velebit mountain rance (Outer Dinarides, Croatia)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20005.
Full textCalais, Éric. "Relations cinématique/déformation le long des limites de plaques en coulissage : l'exemple de la limite de plaques Nord Caraïbe de Cuba à Porto Rico." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4382.
Full textCallec, Yannick. "La déformation synsédimentaire des bassins paléogènes de l'Arc de Castellane (Annot, Barrême, Saint-Antonin)." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921215.
Full textScalabrino, Bruno. "Déformation d'un continent au-dessus d'une dorsale océanique active en subduction." Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557618.
Full textKhatir, Amar. "Structuration et déformation progressive au front de l'allochtone ardennais (Nord de la France)." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10162.
Full textLe, Roux-Mallouf Romain. "Déformation Holocène de l’Himalaya du Bhoutan : apport de la géomorphologie et de la paléosismologie." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT142/document.
Full textThe Himalayan arc is one of the most active intra-continental mountain belts in the world. Over the last centuries, several major earthquakes (Mw > 7.5) have struck this arc. The dramatic effects of the Gorkha earthquake sequence in 2015 pointed once again the crucial need to improve seismic hazard assessment of this area.Geological explorations of the Himalayas since the late 19th century have emphasized a 2500-km-long roughly cylindrical structure, with striking continuity of main units and thrust faults. However recent geophysical and geological investigations have revealed lateral variations. The relationship between these variations and earthquakes segmentation along the arc remains poorly constraint. The maximum size and the occurrence probability of such earthquakes are still a matter of debate.For instance, the seismic behavior of Bhutan remains enigmatic. The present-day low seismicity rate observed in this area can reflect two opposite fault behaviors: an aseismic creeping zone or a zone of stress accumulation for future great earthquakes as the others parts of Himalayas. The main objective of this thesis is to bring new constraints on the deformation of the Bhutan Himalayas, at different space- and time-scales, through morphotectonic and paleoseismological approaches.The first part of this thesis focuses on the vertical deformation assessment along a N-S transect in western Bhutan and along the Main Frontal Thrust, which is the southern-most thrust in southern Bhutan. In the past three years, we have carried out three fieldwork campaigns to sample (1) frontal terraces to assess Holocene uplift rates, (2) watershed basins to quantify short term denudation rates (< 20 ky) derived from cosmonuclides $^{10}$Be and (3) hinterland alluvial terraces to quantify the Holocene incision rate. Frontal Holocene uplift rates obtained in Bhutan are consistent with those obtained in the others parts of Himalayas. Furthermore, our results reveal a variation in the geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust between eastern Nepal and western Bhutan.The second part focuses on several paleoseismic studies along the west and central bhutanese Himalayan front. Different sites were investigated during three fieldwork campaigns. Detritic charcoals sampling and modeling suggest the occurrence of at least five surface-rupturing earthquakes during the last ~2700 years. These results demonstrate that the present-day low seismicity rate observed in Bhutan is not representative of the seismic activity at longer time scale. At regional scale, they also take part of a broader discussion on the probability of occurrence of a magnitude 9 earthquake along the Himalayan arc
Brandon, Vincent. "Déformation de la lithosphère océanique : Approche numérique par éléments finis, application à la plaque Indo-Australienne." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680190.
Full textMauduit, Thomas. "Déformation gravitaire synsédimentaire sur une marge passive. Modélisation analogique et application au Golfe de Guinée." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656009.
Full textAlvarado, cevallos Alexandra patricia. "Néotectonique et cinématique de la déformation continentale en Equateur." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870332.
Full textMameri, Calcagno de Oliveira Lucan. "Localisation de la déformation intraplaque due à l'anisotropie visqueuse de l'olivine dans le manteau lithosphérique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG008.
Full textThe generation of earth-like plates implies efficient strain localization in the lithosphere for long times-spans. In this thesis, I quantified the contribution of viscous anisotropy due to crystal preferred orientations (CPO) of olivine in the lithospheric mantle on strain localization and deformation at the plate- scale. First, I performed numerical experiments using viscoplastic self- consistent polycrystal plasticity models to evaluate the magnitude and controlling parameters of olivine-induced viscous anisotropy at the rock- scale and compared their predictions to experimental data to validate the model results. Then a parameterization based on these models has been developed and implemented in a 3D geodynamical code to study structural reactivation associated with fossil shear zones and the possible role of viscous anisotropy on the development of linear seismicity in intraplate settings.The results show that activation of secondary mechanism at the rock scale greatly contributes to reducing the extent of viscous anisotropy in mantle rocks. The imposed boundary conditions are an important parameter regulating the CPO-induced viscous anisotropy at both rock- and plate scale. The presence of olivine CPO in the lithospheric mantle lead to strong directional dependence of the strain localization in fossil mantle shear zones, which, If well oriented to be reactivated, it induces strain localization in the entire lithosphere
Simon, Brendan. "Rift du Lac Albert, Ouganda, Rift Est Africain : déformation, érosion, sédimentation et bilan de matière depuis 17 Ma." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S175/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is (1) to study the relationships existing between deformation, erosion and sedimentation and (2) to quantify the erosion-sedimentation budget in a continental rift: the Rift Albert located in Uganda, in the north of the Western Branch of the East African Rifts. This study consists in a triple analysis of the deformation, the sedimentary infilling (biochonostratigraphy, sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy) and the landforms (geomorphology) based on the interpretation of subsurface and surface data. An age model of the sedimentary infilling has been obtained by combination of biotratigraphic data, sequential correlations and paleoprecipitation variation curves. The sedimentological analysis led to the characterization (1) of the sediments source – most of the quartz grains coming from the erosion of a lateritic profile (with low transportation) – and (2) of the depositional environment which consist of perennial deep (<100 m) feeding by flood deposits, without evidences of alluvial fan. This sedimentological study, along with the analysis of landforms allow to reconstitute the evolution of the basin and of its deformation: (1) 55-45 Ma: formation of laterites corresponding to the African Surface during the very humid period of the Lower-Middle Eocene; (2) 45-22 Ma: stripping of the African Surface in response of the beginning of the East-African Dome uplift and formation of a pediplain connected to the Atlantic Ocean; (3) 17-2.5 Ma: Initiation of the Lake Albert Basin around 17 Ma and creation of local base levels (Lake Albert, Edward and George) on which three pediplains tend to adapt; (i) 18—16 to 6.2 Ma: "Flexural" stage (subsidence rate: 150-200 m/Ma; sedimentation rate 1.3 km3/Ma between 17 and 12 Ma and 0.6 km3/Ma from 12 to 6 Ma) – depocenters location poorly controlled by fault; (ii) 6.2 Ma to 2.5 Ma: Rift stage 1 (subsidence rate: > 500m/Ma up to 600-800 m/Ma; sedimentation rate: 2.4 km3/Ma) – Rifting climax; (4) 2.5-0.4 Ma: uplift of the Ruwenzori Mountains and shifting from an alluvial system to a network of bedrock river incision – Rift Stage 2 (subsidence rate: 450 to 250 m/Ma; sedimentation rate: 1.5 km3/Ma); (5) 0.4-0 Ma: long wavelength downwarping, initiation of the Lake Victoria trough, drainage network inversion and uplift of the present-day escarpment.The measurement of the erosion-sedimentation budget show the same order of magnitude with, between 17 and 2.5 Ma, an excess of eroded material (22 000 km3) compared to the sediment volume deposited in the basin (19 000 to 18 000 km3). This difference of volume of 16% can be explained by the high chemical erosion occurring during this period, which one is depreciated by the difference of mineralogy of the clays between the catchment (kaolinites) and the sedimentary basin (dominantly smectites), the neoformation of smectites from kaolinites needing the input of element available in the solution resulting from the chemical weathering of the substratum
Chu, Yang. "Tectonique intracontinentale dans le bloc de Chine du sud : exemple de la chaîne du Xuefengshan." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626808.
Full textDomzig, Anne. "Déformation active et récente, et structuration tectonosédimentaire de la marge sous-marine algérienne." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144684.
Full textBettinelli, Pierre. "Déformation intersismique de l' Himalaya du Népal à partir de données GPS." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130535.
Full textFernández-García, Carlos. "Processus de déformation lors de la rupture latérale d’un slab : apports de la modélisation analogique et perspectives pour la tectonique méditerranéenne." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B066.
Full textSlab breakoff is a tectonic model that has been proposed to explain geological and geophysical observations such as: exhumation of metamorphic rocks, magmatism or regional uplift. This manuscript presents the results from four-dimensional (4D, space and time) analogue experiments of slab breakoff. Different configurations for the subducting plate and the orientation of the oceanic-continental transition (OCT) have been tested over a hundred of experiments. In scenarios where the OCT is parallel to the trench, breakoff occurs between 250-280 km depth, while in opposite scenarios, it occurs on a larger range from 160 to 345 km. The timing of breakoff may also vary accordingly to the initial geometry of the subduction zone: from almost instantaneous when the OCT is parallel to the trench, to 8.6-10.6 Ma after onset of continental subduction for other geometries. I investigated the impact of slab breakoff on subduction along oceanic basins bounded by STEP faults and OCT has also been investigated. When the interface is weak (STEP faults scenario) there is a significant increase in the trench retreat in the model that presents a long oceanic corridor. According to the experiments, the evolution of the topographic signal during breakoff is determined by eduction of continental lithosphere, gradual isostatic adjustments during breakoff, and mantle upwelling. With no breakoff or continental subduction, no topographic variations are seen at the surface. Finally, in the models related to subduction along oceanic basins, the trench retreat velocity becomes almost null when the continental positively buoyant material subducts along the embayment margins, highliting mantle deformation processes. I discussed the possible implications of these results for natural subduction zones, in particular for the Western Mediterranean
Barberon, Vanesa. "Evolution tectonique du dépocentre nord du bassin Austral des Andes de Patagonie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD058/document.
Full textThe thesis plan includes the following specific objectives: According to field observations structural geological map will be obtained georeferenced area covering between the lake Buenos Aires and Mayer River in the Southern Andes Patagonian, Santa Cruz province. Provenance analysis were done by petrographic studies in sandstones at five stratigraphic sections representative of the sequences considered belonging to the Lower Cretaceous and Miocene in the northern sector of the Austral basin. Further X-ray diffraction preliminary studies at one profile (called Veranada de Gómez). Also, two lithostratigraphic units were dated and study by detrital zircons provenance. It is expected to determine for the study area, the beginning of the stage foreland, and an estimate is obtained the age of the exhumation of the regions of origin, and thus a semi-quantitative approach at a time the age of onset of uplift, as sediment dispersion models. The comprehensive analysis of these data will give the general pattern of palaeogeographic dispersal and sediments of the northern edge of Southern Basin to mesh with the southern sector pattern, which fed the study area. Moreover fragile deformation will be studied by analyzing faults striaes to characterize the deformation events in the area
Godard, Vincent. "Couplage érosion-tectonique en contexte de convergence intracontinentale : étude comparée de la chaîne himalayenne et des Longmen Shan (est-Tibet)." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112292.
Full textMargins of large continental plateaus often present significant topographic escarpments, localizing active tectonics and denudation processes. For that reason they constitute a favorable setting for the study of the links between internal and external processes. The main objective of this thesis is to conduct a comparative study of the southern and eastern borders of the Tibetan Plateau: the Himalayas and the Longmen Shan. Both areas present comparable topographic gradients, with contrasting tectonic regimes. The Himalayas are a place of active shortening, associated with the India-eurasia convergence, whereas no significant present tectonic activity can be detected across the Longmen Shan. The quantification of denudation at different timescales in the Longmen Shan allows to balance the classical model proposed for the evolution of this area. In this model the topographic front is actively sustained by lower crustal material flow from the Plateau, toward the foreland. Our data suggests that the evolution of this part of the Plateau is rather controlled by the propagation of a regressive erosion wave toward the Plateau interior on a passive escarpment inherited from earlier deformation stages. The focalisation of erosion at the edge of the Plateau induces a global flow in the crust, toward the foreland. The Himalayas present a significantly contrasting dynamics where the link between tectonic and erosion is inverted with respect to the Longmen Shan case. In opposition to a widely proposed evolution mechanism, our modelling of the dynamics of this area indicates that the localization of erosion is dictated by the structural context, rather than by the repartition of precipitation. The two investigated mountain ranges present contrasting dynamics, where the respective influences of erosion and tectonics are different
Mondou, Mathieu. "Structural and thermal evolution of a synkinematic batholith from the Neoproterozoic hot orogen Araçuaí (Eastern Brazil)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20157.
Full textThe allochtonous domain of the Neoproterozoic Araçuaí belt involves large amounts of magma, widespread partial melting, granulitic facies and high geotherm, characterising this belt as a hot orogen. The Galiléia tonalitic suite, emplaced within host metasediments and deformed at magmatic state, represents a huge batholith that strongly influenced the mechanical behaviour of this middle crust. The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measured through this batholith and used as a petrofabric proxy, combined to a detailed magnetic mineralogy investigation, permitted to characterize the paramagnetic behaviour of the Galiléia suite and therefore to highlight a complex 3D strain deformation. The observed structures developed within the viscous magma resulted from a combination of tangential tectonics induced by the compression, and gravitational forces arising from the load of the overlying crust. The kinematics of the batholith is compatible with that already described for ductile rocks of hot orogens. U/Pb dating on zircons and monazites together with 40Ar/39Ar dating on amphiboles, muscovites and biotites permitted to define the thermal evolution of the Galiléia batholith and its host metasediments and constrain the timing of the deformation. The Galiléia batholith emplaced during an important magmatic, tectonic and thermal event at ~580 Ma. Temperature remained high during the first ~50 Ma of the thermal evolution, promoting a seemingly constant deformation of the batholith at magmatic state during several tens of millions years. Such high temperature conditions and stable deformation kinematics during protracted periods of time are supposed to be characteristic of hot orogen. The slow cooling rate of ~10°C/Ma evidenced after ~500 Ma probably indicate a very slow exhumation probably only conducted by erosion
Bettinelli, Pierre. "Déformation Intersismique de l'Himalaya du Népal à partir de données GPS." Phd thesis, Institut de physique du globe de paris - IPGP, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130535.
Full textà 19 ± 2.5 mm.an-1 dans le Centre-Est Népal. Au travers du Népal occidental, le modèle de la déformation et le taux de raccourcissement évalué sont de 13.4 ± 5 mm.an-1, taux moins contraint, par manque de stations cGPS.
L'analyse des séries temporelles GPS a montré, outre le terme séculaire, des variations saisonnières importantes, notamment sur la composante horizontale perpendiculaire à la chaîne himalayenne. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence que ces variations saisonnières ne
provenaient pas d'un artéfact de traitement, mais de la réponse flexurale de la croûte continentale à un chargement des aquifères situés dans la plaine du Gange. La réponse élastique de la lithosphère à cette charge saisonnière induit des variations de
contrainte de Coulomb au niveau des l'essaim microsismique mi-crustal himalayen. Ces variations permettent d'expliquer au premier ordre les variations de taux de sismicité saisonnières
mises en évidence à l'échelle du catalogue de sismicité népalais.
L'étude microstructurale de quartzites nous a, par ailleurs, permis d'estimer les contraintes différentielles présentes autour de la transition fragile-ductile. A partir de la combinaison de données thermométriques, structurales, géodésiques et paléopiézométriques,
une loi rhéologique expérimentale des quartzites du Moyen-Pays himalayen a pu être définie. La détermination de cette loi de fluage apporte une contrainte supplémentaire à la connaissance de la structure rhéologique de la lithosphère continentale himalayenne,
un paramètre essentiel dans les modèles mécaniques du cycle sismique.
Aris, Yassine. "Études tectonique et microtectonique des séries jurassiques à plio-quaternaires du constantinois central (Algérie Nord-Orientale) : caractérisation des différentes phases de déformation." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10070.
Full textHou, Mingjin. "Caractéristiques structurales et dynamiques de la déformation dans la chaîne de Zhangbaling, de son avant-pays et de la zone de faille de Tan-Lu, province de Anhui, Chine." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112008.
Full textThe main results obtained in the Tanlu Fault zone suggest a scenario of the tectonic and geodynamic evolution during the last 245 Ma. A – Mid Triassic : birth of the continental subduction. The convergence of the South China block to the North China block is getting according to a continental subduction dipping to the NW. The trend of the subduction zone was NE-SW. The direction of the convergence was NNW-SSE, oblique to the trend of the subduction B – Mid. Triassic: birth of the delamination of the SCB lithosphere. C- Late Triassic : beginning of uplifting and exhumation. During subducting a crustal slice separate from the lower part of the SCB lithosphere. Rocks deformed in depth are exhumed. D- Late Triassic: initiation of the lithospheric break off. In the crust the delamination propagate upward, and near the surface forms a fold and thrust belt on the eastern border of the surrection zone. E- Jurassic: end of the collision. At the end of Jurassic the shortening continue producing the final structuration of the thrust and fold belt, refolding fold and fault in the internal area. The whole of the convergence is then a wide transpressive sinistral zone. F- Early Cretaceous doming. A granodioritic plutonism locate near the Tanlu fault, produce local doming and crustal extension, NW-SE (3), active from140 to 127Ma. G- Early Cretaceous strike-slip regime. Towards 127 Ma the tectonic regime become of strike-slip type with NW-SE compression ) and NE-SW extension (3) reworking the Tanlu fault zone as sinistral strike-slip fault. H- Late Cretaceous Palaeocene. The Tanlu fault works as normal fault and permit the formation of a sedimentary basin on this western border