Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Déformations (Mécanique) – Modèles mathématiques'
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Putelat, Thibaut. "Quelques applications d'un modèle mécanique de la lithosphère." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10257.
Full textEl, Alam Hanane. "Contribution à la mise en oeuvre de lois de comportements thermomécaniques issues de l'approche D. N. L. R. Dans le cadre des transformations finies." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL100N.
Full textTo extend the D. N. L. R. Formalism to the large transformations, the difficulty lies weil in the treatment of the objectivity. This work is a first attempt to overcome this difficulty. Thus, according to the DNLR formalism which basically uses the Cauchy stress, an effort has been made to identify the associated definition of the strain measurement. More clearly, several objective rates proposed in the literature have been examined. At this stage, we verify within the DNLR thermodynamic framework, the importance of the choice, a priori, of one of these objective rates, on the level of stress really "seen" by the material for a given strain level. Recent works by Xiao, Bruhns and Meyers incited us to use the logarithmic rate in order to perform the temporal integration of the strain rate and to define the strain measurement associated to the Cauchy stress and to ensure the coherency of the behavior law for finite transformations
Detraux, Jean-Michel. "Formulations et applications en grandes déformations des solides." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPI199.
Full textDavid, Frédéric. "Modélisation méso-macro de la localisation de la déformation : étude de la sensibilité au cisaillement adiabatique d'un acier à blindage." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/David.Frederic.SMZ9713.pdf.
Full textSince the last ten years, the study of adiabatic shear bands (ASB) has ben oriented on the analysis of local phenomena which govern the localization of deformation. The importance of the microstructure (cells of dislocations or dislocations walls) was pointed out and a new subject of interest is to understand the specific characteristic mechanisms of adiabatic shear initiation. We developed a simplified meso-macro mathematical model based on the plastic inclusion with moving boundaries (Sabr & Berveiller, 1990) to try to describe the early stage microstructure evolution in this very narrow sheared surface and the strain localization. We made the hypothesis that the inclusion could be modeled by cells of dislocations or groups of dislocations cells at a meso-level. We used a progressive punching test with split Hopkinson bars which allowed us put a piston pressure on a cylindrical round shape sample of an armour martensitic steel, in a range of increasing strain rates. The complex and extremely refined microstructure required to observe this band in transmission electronic microscopy on several zones in the depth of the sharp band to understand the inside state evolution. The interesting point is to observe different stages of adiabatic sheared zones and very high sheared zones the strain gradient within the same sample is important to identify the initialization conditions of adiabatic shear band. We also developed a model to study the behaviour of materials when localization of deformation appears. The interest is to propose a technical methodology for others materials and their improvement in industrial applications cases
Labzae, Allal. "Modèle de calcul des déformations viscoplastiques des brames dans la coulée de l'acier." Metz, 1988. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1988/Labzae.Allal.SMZ8824.pdf.
Full textThe calculations are based on the equation of Norton-Hoff for viscoplasticity and on different variants of this equation
Chateau, Xavier. "Sur quelques problèmes liés à la modélisation mécanique de l'emboutissage." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EPXX0015.
Full textGerbault, Muriel. "Modélisation numérique de la naissance des déformations localisées : exemple du flambage lithosphérique." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20025.
Full textMrabet, Kaïs. "Comportement mécanique en grandes déformations du polyéthylène haute densité : approche thermodynamique de l'état relaxé." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL036N.
Full textThe semicrystalline polymers are the subject of many scientific researchs aiming to understanding their microscopic mechanisms of deformation. Nevertheless, the modelling which we currently find in the literature do not approach the mechanical tests with unloading or the cyclic tests at large strains. Among the reasons of these insufficiencies appears themultiplicity of the internal reorganization processes which is seldom described finely in the physical modelling. Moreover, a main aspect of the semicrystalline polymer behaviour is often ignored, it acts of the relaxed state. Within the framework of formalism Distribution of Non Linear Relaxation (D. N. L. R. ), we are interested more closely in these two aspects of the mechanical behaviour: multiplicity of the mechanisms, relaxed state. To clarify these two concepts, the objective was to characterize the relaxed state at large strains and to propose a physical modelling based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and on the microscopic aspects of the deformation. The distribution of the weights of the various modes has been described following observations given by a clip tests. The material used is the High Density Polyethylene HOPE. The tests were carried out with VideoTraction technology. The relaxed state modulus measured during tension loading is definitely more important than that of the unloading, which translates a damage phenomenon. The irreversibility of the relaxed state imposes that the modelling must use a functional formulation which integrates the memory effect and damage. In addition, the dip test has shawn the presence of mechanical cross over. A bibliographical study showed that this phenomenon is closely related to the processes multiplicity. Thus, we have shawn that the modal partition adopted in practice has to be re-examined. We have shawn that the modelling set up is able to reproduce complex loadings, in particular the cyclic tests with relaxation, and to predict behavior very depending on the. Loading history and the irreversible relaxed state
Ben, Mhenni Najoua. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement mécanique des alliages de titane pour la mise en forme à froid des produits plats." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA132060.
Full textYoussef, Hiba. "Modélisation viscoplastique pour les déformations et les évolutions des textures dans les polycristaux : Homogénéisation par une loi intermédiaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13016.
Full textRancourt-Grenier, Sébastien. "Simulation de déformation de globule rouge par des trappes optiques en trois dimensions." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27325/27325.pdf.
Full textGermain, Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude du champ de déformations par granularité laser en élastoplasticité grandes déformations." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20223.
Full textHejazi, Yousef. "Influence de la prise en compte des modules en petites déformations des sols sur la modélisation numérique d’ouvrages géotechniques." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0061/these.pdf.
Full textRegarding their ability to simulate the complexity of geometry, the behaviour of surrounding soils, the excavation process and to evaluate the movements generated by an underground construction, numerical methods are becoming more and more widespread for design. Moreover, practice has demonstrated that most of underground constructions deformed under small-strains where soil behaviour is poorly represented by the linear isotropic elasticity. Therefore, a reliable prediction of soil movements requires the use of a constitutive model able to represent the small-strain soil behaviour. This PhD thesis is a contribution to numerical studies for taking into account the small-strain stiffness and the anisotropy of a soil during excavation of an underground structure. For this, a serie of constitutive soil models was selected and implemented in the finite difference code FLAC3D in order to simulate the increase of soil stiffness with depth, the non-linear small-strain behaviour, the stress history and the strain softening under large strain. These models were then validated on different stress paths and then applied to simulate a shallow tunnel in London Clay. From this research, it is concluded that the introduction of soil non-linearity under small-strains leads to better prediction of ground movements around a tunnel excavated within anisotropic and heavily overconsolidated Clays than that observed by the linear elastic model frequently used. Another phenomena necessary to be taken into account is the characteristic state of the soil
Dumais, Simon. "Modélisation de la consolidation au dégel à grandes déformations." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37552.
Full textThis thesis presents the development of an engineering method for the modelling of large strain nonlinear thaw consolidation. The work presented herein follows existing thaw consolidation theories and models. The foundations of one-dimensional thaw consolidation theory are therefore used. First, a numerical model for large strain nonlinear thaw consolidation is formulated by combining the Gibson large strain consolidation theory to heat transfer equations. The two components are coupled in a modelling domain formulated in Lagrangian coordinates that adapts to the soil deformation. This results in the introduction of a second moving boundary at the soil surface to model thaw consolidation in addition to the moving boundary at the thaw front. The model uses nonlinear σʹv – e – kv relationships to define the properties of thawed soils. A case study of the Inuvik experimental pipeline with the numerical model is presented. The case study demonstrates the use of the model for a practical problem and it is used to validate the model. The modelling results are compared to the results obtained with the small strain linear thaw consolidation theory and with the field data. The results obtained with the large strain nonlinear model for thaw settlement, the rate of thaw settlement and the excess pore pressures compare favourably with the field data. Second, a conceptual model for thaw consolidation of thawed fine-grained soils is proposed. The model is used to define the characteristics of the nonlinear σʹv – e – kv relationships used as input for the numerical modelling of thaw consolidation. The concept of the residual stress is generalized to ice rich soils by specifying that it is the effective stress within the soil element rather than the effective stress of the bulk soil. Then, empirical relationships are formulated to determine the characteristics of the σʹv – e – kv relationships as a function of the initial thawed void ratio and soil index properties.
Andriamitantsoa, Lucien. "Approche ultrastructurale de la mécanosorption sur le Pin maritime." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10548.
Full textIdlbi, Adnan. "Comparaisons de théories de plaques et estimation de la qualité des solutions dans la zone bord." Paris, ENSAM, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENAM0042.
Full textBiakeu, Guy. "Modélisation multicorps : application au crash des structures." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECDL0023.
Full textIndustrial norms in terms of security and comfort of the passengers cars, aiplanes or boats are becoming more and more draconian. The constructors are now obliged to succeed severe tests like the resistance of their products to crashes or their stability. Moreover, these aspects happenned to be excelent arguments for the marketing departements as consumers prefer solid cars or trains to beautifull ones. On another hand, economic reasons bring industrials to reduce the number of real tests on the full structure and to increase the use of numerical simulation during the conception of vehicules. In this thesis we develop a technique based on multibody modelling of beams. It takes large displacements and large rotations in charge. We called it the Large Curvature Description (LCD). In the plane, the shape of the beam are interpolated with arcs of circle. In the space, we use Euler angles to describe the orientation of the sections and we introduce elementary angles to keep the same linear evolution of the orientation as in the plane. Only bending and torsion deformations are studied but we can extend the formulation to traction and shear. Plastic regions are modelled as nonlinear hinges. The behaviour of these hinges is represented by a mathematical expression in which the collapse appears as a negative exponential The hinges are located with an interpolation of the bending moments and the torsion moment built as a norm on the structure. Constraints systems are solved with the Lagrange multipliers technique and we use an explicit scheme to solve the equations of motion. We compare our results to those of simulation under explicits codes as ABAQUS/Explicit or to techniques developped by authors in the literature
Léger, Sophie. "Méthode lagrangienne actualisée pour des problèmes hyperélastiques en très grandes déformations." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25402.
Full textAccurate simulations of large deformation hyperelastic materials by the finite element method is still a challenging problem. In a total Lagrangian formulation, even when using a very fine initial mesh, the simulation can break down due to severe mesh distortion. Error estimation and adaptive remeshing on the initial geometry are helpful and can provide more accurate solutions (with a smaller number of degrees of freedom) but are not sufficient to attain very large deformations. The updated Lagrangian formulation where the geometry is periodically updated is then preferred. Remeshing may still be necessary to control the quality of the elements and to avoid too severe mesh distortion. It then requires frequent data transfer (reinterpolation) from the old mesh to the new one and this is a very delicate issue. If these transfers are not done appropriately, accuracy can be severely affected. In this thesis, we present an updated Lagrangian formulation where the error on the finite element solution is estimated and adaptive remeshing is performed in order to concentrate the elements of the mesh where the error is large, to coarsen the mesh where the error is small and at the same time to control mesh distortion. In this way, we can reach high level of deformations while preserving the accuracy of the solution. Special attention is given to data transfer methods and a very accurate cubic Lagrange projection method is introduced. As large deformation problems frequently have highly nonlinear solutions, the Moore-Penrose continuation method is used to automatically pilot the complete algorithm including load increase, error estimation, adaptive remeshing and data transfer. A new approach for the implementation of the Moore-Penrose continuation method, facilitating the detection of bifurcation points, will also be presented as well as a number of examples.
Aelaai, Mohammad-Réza. "Contribution à l'etude de la modélisation des grandes déformations élasto-plastiques : problèmes de remaillage." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI239.
Full textCarcan, Alain. "Modélisation des grandes déformations axisymétriques de membranes minces hyperélastiques incompressibles." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPS134.
Full textTouchard, Fabienne. "Spécificités du comportement mécanique de composites stratifiés à fibres longues et à matrice thermoplastique." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2338.
Full textMalecki, Pierre. "Étude de modèles de turbulence pour les couches limites tridimensionnelles." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ESAE0013.
Full textGuiard, Cédric. "Modèles de surfaces déformables définis et contraints par un ensemble d'informations structurelles." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22017.
Full textTaboada, Alfredo. "Modélisation numérique en tectonique : applications dans les domaines ductile et cassant." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20022.
Full textLiu, Xiao Jing. "Modélisation des grandes déformations élasto-plastiques de coques axisymétriques." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD513.
Full textKacem, Ahmed. "Étude de la capacité limite de déformation dans les procédés de mise en forme par déformation locale." Lorient, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORIS288.
Full textThis thesis deals with the experimental and numerical investigations of the limits of the flanging process arising from material failure. The methodology developed in this study was applied particularly to the stretch flanging process of a hole in sheet metal called the hole-flanging process. The materials studied are made of A1050-H14 and A6061-O aluminium alloys. Mechanical characterizations have been performed through uniaxial tensile and shear tests. An elasticplastic finite element models based on isotropic and anisotropic yield criteria were developed. These models were enhanced by the integration of the damage in simulation. Experiments were conducted to verify the reliability of the developed finite element models. First, the effect of the clearance thickness ratio on the hole-flanging process was studied. A methodology was made to distinguish two conditions of the process: hole-flanging with and without ironing. Then, the effect of material anisotropy assumptions on the predictive accuracy of finite element simulations of the hole-flanging process was quantified. The study was then focused on the determination of the limits of hole-flanging process arising from material failure. For that purpose, a fracture criterion was calibrated and used in simulations to predict the damage of the flange. Finally, the damage occurrence in flanged edge was characterized by using the coupled approach of Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman
Corneille, Sylvie. "Homogénéisation périodique de matériaux microfissures." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20104.
Full textBaghdadi, Abdelhakim. "Modélisation en grandes déformations des solides et des sols : applications aux fondations." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD649.
Full textRicheton, Julien. "Modeling and validation of the finite strain response of amorphous polymers for a wide range of temperature and strain rate." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13159.
Full textMohamad-Hussein, Assef. "Modélisation du comportement mécanique des géomatériaux semi-fragiles soumis à des sollicitations mécaniques et à la dégradation chimique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Mohamad_Hussein.pdf.
Full textBerthelon, Josselin. "Etude mécanique des déformations des chaînes plissées d'avant-pays et rôle des argiles roches-mères durant leur maturation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066687.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, changes in the mechanical properties of organic-rich shales, when they mature, are studied in order to deduce if burial may mechanically activate tectonic imbrication and control the folding style. This multidisciplinary work is organized according to three axes: a field study, a laboratory study and a thermo-mechanical modeling study. In the first part, the study balanced geological cross-sections through the Mediterranean fold-and-thrust belts shows the importance of the mechanical interpretation for structural restorations and to validate structural evolution scenarios. The Albanian Posidonia Schist laboratory characterization allows discussing the vertical evolution of mineralogical, geochemical and mechanical parameters in a source-rock formation that control the rheological behavior of source rocks. Both geological cases serve as input data for modeling designed to simulate the evolution of a source rock during its burial. Two aspects are examined: Using TEMISFlow Arctem basin models, I analyze the conditions necessary to create overpressure in a source-rock detachment located in the footwall of a thrust. Through geo-mechanical modeling, I study the mechanical conditions necessary to develop ideal fold geometries within a mechanical stratigraphy. A hierarchy of parameters to activate a detachment within source rocks embedded in a mechanical stratigraphy is thus proposed. Through an analysis of the coupling between these two aspects, geo-mechanical and hydro-mechanical, this thesis is a contribution to the search of a rheological law that takes into account the thermo-dependent softening of shale and source rocks in geo-mechanical modeling
Pourpak, Hamid. "Méthodologie de déformation graduelle de modèles de réservoir hétérogène fracturé contraints par des mesures d'écoulement aux puits." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Pourpak-Hamid/2008-Pourpak-Hamid-These.pdf.
Full textThis thesis proposes a sequential inversion methodology for calibrating highly-heterogeneous reservoir models on well test data. The design and the application of that methodology are performed on an experimental hydro-geological site settled on a karstic and fractured limestone aquifer located near to Poitiers, France. The methodology involves two successive steps that are: first, the inversion of facies petrophysical properties; second, the gradual deformation of the facies distribution. By proceeding this way, the gradual deformation method, applied both globally and locally, improves the distribution of facies while keeping the previously optimised petrophysical properties. The fairly good capability on the resulting model to predict well responses allows to consider the gradual deformation as an efficient and robust method to find a facies geo-statistical realization matching at best flow data constraints. Alternative implementation of the sequence above are studied, by simply changing the schedule of the calibration steps. Efficiency and numerical performances of the methodology are also assessed by changing the number of gradual deformation parameters. Finally, it is investigated on the possibility to improve calibration by means of alternative flow modelling approaches. Whereas the adoption of a dual-medium model does not change significantly the simulated pressures, a more accurate modelling of conductive bodies by using a refined grid improves the prediction of short-time well responses. Further works could tentatively address the gradual deformation of object-based models for mimicking flow features of karstic and/or fractured heterogeneous reservoirs
Kordjani, Mustapha. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement en petites déformations des sols sur des chemins de sollicitation monotone et cyclique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0418.
Full textGrellet, Damien. "Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation du comportement viscoélastique des couches bitumineuses et de leur interface." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31445.
Full textCalculating the stresses and strains induced by traffic loading is one of the main steps of the mechanistic-empirical pavement design method. In this method, structural responses are used to identify the mode of failure and estimated pavement life. The present study focuses on experimental strain measurements and analysis at several depths in the asphalt concrete layers. Fiber optic sensors, retrofitted in the asphalt-bound layers of four pavement structures, were used to measure strains at 5 mm from the bottom, at around 15 mm below the surface and at 5 mm below and above the interface between two bituminous layers. Strain measurements were taken during full-scale pavement testing under several climate conditions and traffic load parameters such as tire type, axle type, load level and speed. A strain field was computed at theses specific depths using the software ViscoRoute© 2.0 in order to compare the results with the experimental strains. Analysis of the strain signal at the bottom of the asphalt concrete layer allowed to validate the fiber optic sensors developed during the project and to characterize the influence of load parameters. This validation is based first on the analysis of the repeatability and the dispersion of the measurements and then on a comparative study with resistive sensors typically used in pavements. Near the surface course, longitudinal and transversal strain measurements confirm that a moving load induced compressive strain under the tire and tensile strain outside the tire edge. High levels of vertical tensile strain are induced outside the tire edge whereas the sign and the magnitude of strains directly under the tire depend on the temperature and the viscoelastic properties of the asphalt layer. In the three directions, the magnitude and form of the signals depend on the pavement structure and parameters of the load. Strain sensors on both sides of the interface show that the moving load induced tensile strain and compressive strain close to the bottom of the surface course and near the top of the base course, respectively. Numerical models, which consider the viscoelasticity of the tack coat at the interface between the asphalt layers, are capable of predicting these strain responses. This viscous-type interface behavior has an impact on strain and stress distribution through the layer and simulations show that it must be considered to identify the failure criteria.
Celle, Pierre. "Couplage fluide/milieu poreux en grandes déformations pour la modélisation des procédés d'élaboration par infusion." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EMSE0029.
Full textAn overall model for the study of a non isothermal fluid flow across a highly compressible porous medium is presented and applied for the study of dry composite manufacturing processes by infusion (Liquid Resin Infusion-LRI and Resin Film Infusion-RFI) in order to predict the thickness and the porosity of the final structure. The model developed includes a modified Beaver-Schaffman-Joseph condition to couple flow across and outside the porous medium. An ALE formulation of the liquid flow across the deformable porous medium in which finite strains are accounted is coupled with an updated Lagrangian scheme for the solid behaviour. Finally, thermo-chemical models are employed to account for the resin reticulation. Numerical tools have been developed and combined for the simulation of LRI and RFI processes. Numerical results have been compared with experimental test
Abou-Chakra, Guéry Ariane. "Contributions à la modélisation micromécanique du comportement non linéaire de l'argilite du Callovo-Oxfordien." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-191.pdf.
Full textThis work is performed in the general context of the project of underground disposal of radioactive waste, undertaken by the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Andra). Due to its strong density and weak permeability, the formation of Callovo-Oxfordian argillite is chosen as one of possible geological barriers to radionuclides. The objective of the study to develop and validate a non linear homogenization approach of the mechanical behavior of Callovo-Oxfordian argillites. The material is modelled as a composite constituted of an elasto(visco)plastic clay matrix and of linear elastic or elastic damage inclusions. The macroscopic constitutive law is obtained by adapting the incremental method proposed by Hill. The derived model is first compared to Finite Element calculations on unit cell. It is then validated and applied for the prediction of the macroscopic stress-strain responses of the argillite at different geological depths. Finally, the micromechanical model is implemented in a commercial finite element code (Abaqus) for the simulation of a vertical shaft of the underground laboratory. This allows predicting the distribution of damage state and plastic strains and characterizing the excavation damage zone (EDZ)
Wrotecki, Christian. "Relations entre la morphologie de la phase dispersée et les propriétés mécaniques dans les polystyrènes chocs." Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPD065.
Full textBourque, Jean-Pierre. "Étude des déformations hygromécaniques dans des feuilles de papier multicouches." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25605/25605.pdf.
Full textNdohi, Raphaël. "Contribution à l'étude numérique et expérimentale des déformations élastiques d'une structure moteur." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPS135.
Full textBerthelon, Josselin. "Etude mécanique des déformations des chaînes plissées d'avant-pays et rôle des argiles roches-mères durant leur maturation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066687/document.
Full textIn this thesis, changes in the mechanical properties of organic-rich shales, when they mature, are studied in order to deduce if burial may mechanically activate tectonic imbrication and control the folding style. This multidisciplinary work is organized according to three axes: a field study, a laboratory study and a thermo-mechanical modeling study. In the first part, the study balanced geological cross-sections through the Mediterranean fold-and-thrust belts shows the importance of the mechanical interpretation for structural restorations and to validate structural evolution scenarios. The Albanian Posidonia Schist laboratory characterization allows discussing the vertical evolution of mineralogical, geochemical and mechanical parameters in a source-rock formation that control the rheological behavior of source rocks. Both geological cases serve as input data for modeling designed to simulate the evolution of a source rock during its burial. Two aspects are examined: Using TEMISFlow Arctem basin models, I analyze the conditions necessary to create overpressure in a source-rock detachment located in the footwall of a thrust. Through geo-mechanical modeling, I study the mechanical conditions necessary to develop ideal fold geometries within a mechanical stratigraphy. A hierarchy of parameters to activate a detachment within source rocks embedded in a mechanical stratigraphy is thus proposed. Through an analysis of the coupling between these two aspects, geo-mechanical and hydro-mechanical, this thesis is a contribution to the search of a rheological law that takes into account the thermo-dependent softening of shale and source rocks in geo-mechanical modeling
Rhayour, Mohamed. "Modélisation de l'influence de la vitesse de déformation sur l'écoulement plastique d'un acier industriel : application pour l'étude de la traction dynamique des tôles." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Rhayour.Mohamed.SMZ9935.pdf.
Full textInkin, Ilya. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation des processus de déformation des tôles en aciers stables et métastables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL115N.
Full textThe aim of this work is to develop mechanical models which describe deep drawing characteristic tests (drawbead test, U-Test), taking into consideration the relations revealed experimentally during the study of the evolution of the structure and properties of the steels of different classes after these tests. The source parameters for the models are the mechanical properties of a material, operational conditions (blankholder force, lubrication conditions) and tooling geometry. . A new analytical madel of the U-Test is proposed and validated. The drawbead model of Sanchez-Weinmann (1996) is improved and validated experimentally, its limits of application are determined, and new calculation algorithms are developed. Two software units are created on the base of the models. They calculate the stress-strain fields, the specimen shape after springback, and the blankholder forces. The results of the experimental part of the work show the prevalence of isotropie hardening during alternated bending under tension for the ferritic steels considered in this work. In the drawbead test madel, the assumption of isotropic hardening provides the numerical values, which describe quite precisely the experimental results in a large range of the source data. In a similar manner, the application of this assumption onto the U-Test madel for ferrite-martensitic steels also provides very satisfactory results in the majority of cases
Lamy, Michael. "Modélisation mécanique du cerveau de rat : application au traumatisme cérébral." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6150.
Full textTraumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a major cause of deaths and disabilities in our societies. They often result from falls or motor vehicle collisions, when the head sustains a mechanical loading. Studying those injuries is a crucial issue; but the criteria governing the occurrence of said lesions remain not well known, as brain injuries are in essence the results of unforeseeable events, and thus can only be analyzed a posteriori. Therefore, the current work of thesis aimed to deal with brain injuries through a combined approach of experimental animal protocols and numerical models. In a first step, a finite element model (FEM) of the rat brain is developed. Based upon medical imaging, a detailed mesh of the brain is achieved, representing several main anatomical components; then, a mechanical characterization is defined. After a phase of validation and parametric tests, the model is used to simulate experimental protocols in which the rat head sustains angular accelerations loadings. Experimental results and numerical responses from the FEM were confronted to each other, to contribute to the knowledge on brain injury mechanisms. The first set of simulations deals with loadings related to mild TBI. New mechanical indicators are proposed, and prove to be better correlated with animal behavioral deficits than the usual mechanical parameters (stresses and strains). The second group of simulations focuses on loadings responsible for moderate to severe TBI. By comparing anatomical and histological data to numerical results, new thresholds are proposed, concerning Von Mises stresses and first principal strains levels, for the occurrence of severe TBI
Sossou, Agbéko. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un logiciel de simulation numérique pour la modélisation des déformations d'objets par la méthode des éléments finis." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30055.
Full textChevaugeon, Nicolas. "Contribution à l'étude des membranes hyperélastiques en grandes déformations." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00826561.
Full textMekkaoui, Smaine. "Modélisation de l'incertain sur les essais triaxiaux en grandes déformations sur sols remaniés." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0954.
Full textClérivet, Alain. "Contribution à la modélisation des mécanismes d’ouverture des fissures soumises à des sollicitations cycliques dans des alliages d’aluminium." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPE049.
Full textResk, Héba. "Finite element modelling of grain-scale heterogeneities in polycrystalline aggregates." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00577855.
Full textMacroscopic properties of crystalline solids depend inherently on their underlying mi-croscopic structure. Studying the mechanisms operating at the microstructural scale during the various thermomechanical processes to which such materials may be subjected offers a valuable insight into their final in-use properties. The objective of this work is to investigate grain scale heterogeneities in polycrystalline aggregates subjected to large strains using the Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM). For this purpose, highly resolved simulations, where each grain is represented explicitly, are needed. The first part of this work is devoted to a detailed account of the numerical framework implemented for such simulations. A classical elastic-viscoplastic crystal plasticity model is combined to a non-linear parallel finite element framework. The discretization of the digital microstructures is performed using non- conforming unstructured meshes. Most importantly, a level set approach is used to describe grain boundaries and to guide an adaptive anisotropic meshing strategy. Automatic remeshing, with appropriate transport of variables, is introduced in the proposed framework. In the second part of this work, the robustness and flexibility of our approach is demonstrated via different CPFEM applications. The deformation energy is used to assess heterogeneities in polycrystalline aggregates, highlighting the need to perform adaptive meshing so as to achieve a good compromise between accuracy and computation time. These grain-scale heterogeneities are to be accurately predicted during the deformation simulation if subsequent static recrystallization modelling is to be performed. An example of linking between the deformation and static recrystallization steps, using the proposed common approach, is illustrated. In terms of global texture predictions, the CPFEM framework is validated for a highly resolved model polycrystal subjected to more than 90 % thickness reduction in rolling. The importance of automatic remeshing in avoiding excessive mesh distortion, in such applications, is demonstrated. Most importantly, microtexture analysis is performed on digital microstructures that correspond, in a discrete sense, to an actual microstructure observed experimentally. Intragranular misorientation predictions and virtual 2D orientation maps are compared to the experimental ones, highlighting the difficulties pertaining to the validation of such grain-scale predictions
Wronski, Maciej. "Couplage du contact et du frottement avec la mécanique non linéaire des solides en grandes déformations : application à l'étude des blocs de mousse en polyuréthane." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD712.
Full textAbdulhameed, Hemin. "Réponse viscoélastique-viscoplastique en grandes déformations du polyéthylène : observations expérimentales, modélisation constitutive et simulation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10055/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation deals with the large-strain mechanical response of polyethylene. In a first part, experimental observations are reported on the time-dependent mechanical response of polyethylene materials containing a wide range of crystal fractions. In a second part, a large-strain viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model is developed to capture the progressive transition from thermoplastic-like to elastomeric-like mechanical response of polyethylene materials, as the crystal content changes. In order to identify the model parameters, an analytical deterministic scheme and a practical, “engineering-like”, numerical tool, based on a genetic algorithm are developed. In a third part, the proposed constitutive model is implemented into a finite element code and used to predict the response of multi-layered polyethylene specimens with different crystal fractions. Comparisons between the simulations and the experimental data (in terms of mechanical response and necking evolution) point out the model predictive capabilities