To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Deformità.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Deformità'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Deformità.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
MIGLIETTA, CHIARA. "I monstra umani nel Prodigiorum liber di Giulio Ossequente. Una prospettiva interdisciplinare sulla deformità del corpo nella tradizione latina." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/102504.
Full textAbstract:
Obiettivo della ricerca è osservare il ruolo della deformità del corpo umano nel Prodigiorum liber di Giulio Ossequente: egli reperisce nella storia liviana una serie di eventi portentosi di varia natura e li cataloga nella sua epitome mantenendo il procedere annalistico della fonte. All’estrema sintesi con cui si descrivono i corpi degli uomini mostruosi, in un testo spesso avaro di dettagli riguardanti tali fenomeni, si prova a porre rimedio attraverso un confronto piuttosto puntuale tra i casi ossequentiani di mostruosità e altre occorrenze di anomalia corporea riferite da autori latini e greci anche anteriori e posteriori, oltre che in un unico prezioso caso con la fonte liviana viceversa perduta nella parte riguardante l’arco di tempo di cui l’epitome -anch’essa mutila- si occupa. Tale metodo comparativo ha consentito di individuare alcuni specifici casi di deformità patologica, tra i quali uno dei più frequenti e certamente il più significativo è l’androginia, e di osservarli in prospettiva interdisciplinare sotto differenti punti di vista: anzitutto letterario, con lo scopo di intrecciare i molteplici passi d’interesse tratti da un corpus di fonti ampio ed eterogeneo; lessicale-semantico, per mettere preventivamente in luce i termini afferenti all’ambito della mostruosità e i loro significati specifici; giuridico, al fine di riconoscere qualche aspetto della perduta normativa repubblicana per i casi di anomalia fisica, anche in paragone con le leggi di età imperiale; medico-scientifico, con l’obiettivo di realizzare della casistica raccolta una ricognizione oggettiva e di riconoscere in essa, laddove possibile, i caratteri di qualche specifica patologia. Per questo scopo, si è effettuato un confronto con l’opera rinascimentale di Ulisse Aldrovandi dotata di un sorprendente apparato iconografico che ricalca precisamente i casi di Ossequente, con il quale si inaugura la scienza teratologica proprio a partire da un’edizione del Prodigiorum liber.
2
Lovero, Elisa <1992>. "“Full-3D Workflow” Computer-Assistito Per la Diagnosi e la Correzione delle Deformità Dento-Facciali." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9517/1/LoveroElisa_Tesi_Abstract.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Questo lavoro descrive l’attività del Face 3D LAB, al fine di analizzare le funzionalità di tale struttura e di promuovere la ricerca scientifica e tecnologica 3D e garantendo sevizi sempre più efficienti per il paziente dismorfico.
Il Face 3D Lab è un servizio del Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie dell’Università di Bologna e del Reparto di Chirurgia Orale della Clinica Odontoiatrica Universitaria, che nasce per mettere le tecnologie digitali 3D a disposizione dei chirurghi e degli odontoiatri per la diagnosi, il planning e il trattamento delle malformazioni scheletriche del volto e delle altre necessità specialistiche ad esso connesse.
Ogni paziente che accede al Face 3D Lab viene inserito in un “workflow” standardizzato che lo accompagna dalla diagnosi alla pianificazione del progetto ortodontico e chirurgico, fino all’intervento ed al follow-up.
Gli ambiti di lavoro su cui si è concentrata la ricerca si sono basati sull’attività clinica di studio e di analisi dei pazienti dismorfici attraverso la piattaforma Face 3D Lab. Si è potuto così approfondire diversi aspetti relativi all’approccio “Surgery First” in chirurgia ortognatica, all’utilizzo di PSI nel riposizionamento del segmento mandibolare prossimale in tecnica “Mandible First” e procedere con un’analisi retrospettiva del risultato ortodontico-chirurgico in termini di accuratezza e precisione dei pazienti che hanno avuto accesso al Face 3D Lab e che, eseguendo tutte le fasi diagnostiche e di pianificazione previste, hanno completato in trattamento ortodontico-chirurgico.
I risultati di questi lavori si sono rivelati a favore della pianificazione digitale permettendo outcome migliori in termini di accuratezza e precisione sia in fase diagnostica sia in fase di trattamento e follow-up. Secondariamente hanno avvalorato l’attività del Face 3D Lab: utile a ortodontista e chirurgo nell’accompagnare il paziente durante tutto il trattamento.“Face 3D Lab” is a service of the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences and the Department of Oral Surgery of the University of Bologna, created to make 3D digital technologies available to surgeons and orthodontists for diagnosis, planning and treatment of dento-facial deformities of dysmorphic patients. Each patient who accesses the Face 3D Lab is included in a standardized comprehensive 3D computer-assisted workflow that accompanies him from diagnosis, to planning the orthodontic and surgical project, up to orthognathic surgery and follow-up. The study-areas on which this research has focused were based on the clinical study and analysis of dysmorphic patients through the Face 3D Lab platform. It was thus possible to investigate many aspects relating to the "Surgery First" approach in orthognathic surgery, the use of PSI in the repositioning of the proximal mandibular segment in the "Mandible First" technique and proceed with a retrospective analysis of the orthodontic-surgical results in terms of accuracy and precision in the patients who accessed the Face 3D Lab and completed the orthodontic-surgical treatment. The results of these works proved to be in favor of 3D computer-assisted workflow, allowing better outcomes in terms of accuracy and precision both in the diagnostic phase, both in the treatment and follow-up phase. Secondly, it was supported the activity of the Face 3D Lab: useful for the orthodontist and surgeon in accompanying the patient throughout the orthognathic treatment.
3
Morozzi, Giacomo. "Progettazione e realizzazione di prove meccaniche comparative su un fissatore esterno articolato per correzioni angolari." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8554/.
Full textAbstract:
La fissazione esterna ha subito una forte evoluzione nel corso degli anni, passando dall’essere una tecnica utilizzata esclusivamente nella stabilizzazione delle fratture, fino a diventare una risorsa importante in ortopedia ricostruttiva per il trattamento di molte patologie ossee e dei tessuti molli.
Il prototipo di fissatore esterno monolaterale articolato Kore (Citieffe S.r.l.), oggetto di questo studio, consente di effettuare correzione di deformità angolari e piccoli allungamenti su ossa lunghe.
Il lavoro sperimentale si è concentrato sul testare le prestazioni meccaniche del dispositivo e della sua componentistica, con l'obiettivo di mettere in evidenza eventuali problemi. I risultati sono stati confrontati con quelli ottenuti in prove realizzate precedentemente in azienda, e con quelli ricavati su dispositivi concorrenti da altri autori.
Sono state svolte una prova di compressione assiale statica, una prova a fatica di compressione assiale, una prova a flessione a quattro punti ed una prova di regolazione dinamometrica sul meccanismo di attuazione del dispositivo.
E’ stata poi progettata una configurazione per studiare le principali caratteristiche dei morsetti. Nel caso del morsetto a compensazione si è verificata l'effettiva capacità di scorrimento del morsetto, mentre nel morsetto a traliccio, dotato di un meccanismo di snodo, ne viene accertata la tenuta.
Al termine dei test, in base ai risultati raccolti dalle prove meccaniche e dalle prove svolte su osso artificiale, sono state fatte valutazioni riguardanti alcune modifiche da apportare al prototipo. Per quanto riguarda il dispositivo dovrà essere ridotta la dimensione del corpo centrale, al fine di avere un dispositivo più duttile, leggero e vicino al corpo. Questa modifica inoltre limiterà l'influenza della flessione delle pins sul comportamento meccanico del fissatore, migliorandone le prestazioni. Relativamente al morsetto a traliccio dovrà essere ridotta la lunghezza dello snodo, per limitare lo sforzo sulla vite di serraggio del meccanismo. Nel morsetto a compensazione dovrà essere modificato il profilo, per garantire un migliore scorrimento.
4
Tang, Shu-sum. "Cephalometric airway measurements in class III skeletal deformity." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628065.
Full text
5
Mohammadi, Hamed. "Cephalometric airway measurements in anterior open bite deformity." Thesis, [Hong Kong : Faculty of Dentistry], The University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3862820X.
Full text
6
鄧樹森 and Shu-sum Tang. "Cephalometric airway measurements in class III skeletal deformity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628065.
Full text
7
West, Deborah Anne. "By metaphor : bodily deformity and early modern texts." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401205.
Full text
8
Eshraghi, Saba. "Biomechanical study of foot with hallux valgus deformity." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11674.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is one of the most common foot deformities. Considering the fact that 23% of adults develop such condition during their lifetime, understanding HV is badly needed. Plantar pressure technologies are used widely for determination of biomechanical changes in foot during walking. There are already published claims relating to the pressure distribution of HV condition. Association of HV to sole pressure widely presented as a means of identifying such condition. Methods: plantar pressure patterns can be linked to the deformity progression or existence, extracting some patterns out of force measurements can be beneficial in recognizing the patients with and without deformity. The dynamic changes of the forces that applied to the fore-foot in volunteers with and without HV when they walked at self-selected and fast speeds were examined. Furthermore, Markovian chain transfer matrices were used to obtain the transfer coefficient of the force among five metatarsals. Another method was to measure the lateral flexibility of the 1st metatarsal joint as an indication of HV deformity by Motion Capture cameras. Finally, two 3D feet models of HV and non-HV volunteers were made in Mimics software and then in FEA (finite element analysis) the stress distribution under the foot was validated with the experiments. Results: The higher forces were observed under the 2nd, 3rd and 1st metatarsal heads in both speeds but the results obtained were significantly different among groups and in fast speed and under 3rd and 1st metatarsals in self-selected speed. In this study the use of Markovian transfer matrices as a means of characterising the gait pattern is new and novel. It was intended that highest coefficients of the matrix would indicate the existence of HV, however studies showed that the biggest difference between HV and non HV patients was the scatter of the coefficients which shown to give very strong indication of the existence of HV. It was shown by kinematic studies and also it was found that the 1st metatarsal joint was significantly more flexible in HV patients compared to non–HV individuals. Finally FEA studies has shown that in the 3D feet models of both volunteers (with and without HV), the highest stress was under the heal area and then transfers towards fore-foot area. In patient with HV the higher force were seen under the 1st to 3rd metatarsal heads compare to non-HV individual and each model was validated its related experiments. Conclusion: it was observed that there was a significant variability of pressure distribution of the same individual from one trial to another indicating that getting consistent pressure pattern is an important hurdle to overcome in our studies, raised loading is observed on Metatarsal 2, 3 and 1 in HV patients and it was possible to give statistical significance to these findings. In this thesis, it was intended to obtain early diagnostics of HV condition and much work was put in this, however outcome was not conclusive. However it was possible to distinguish HV form non-HV volunteers from the scatter characteristics of the transfer pattern. Investigation of the 1st metatarsal joint laxity of non-HV and HV patients revealed that HV individuals were significantly higher compared to non–HV volunteers and this can be used as an indication of HV existence. Finally, the 3D models show that FEA is a reliable tool as the FEA study showed good correlation with the experimental results.
9
Berki, Visar. "In Vitro Cadaveric Biomechanical Study on Spinal Deformity Correction." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1374507715.
Full text
10
Franken, Lea-Christin. "Behandlungsergebnisse nach periazetabulärer Beckenosteotomie mit und ohne Korrektur einer femoralen Cam-Deformität." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-226446.
Full textAbstract:
Die periazetabuläre Osteotomie ist ein häufig durchgeführter gelenkerhaltender Eingriff zur Behandlung der Hüftdysplasie. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Evaluation der kurz- bzw. mittelfristigen klinischen Ergebnisse nach periazetabulärer Beckenosteotomie mit und ohne Korrektur einer femoralen Cam-Deformität sowie der postoperativ erreichten Becken- und Femurkonfiguration. Weiterhin sollte geprüft werden, ob ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen klinischem Outcome und radiologischen Parametern besteht. Zwischen Juli 2005 und Dezember 2010 wurden am UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie und Unfalchirurgie des Universitätsklinikum Dresden 99 PAOs bei 80 Patienten (83% weiblich, Durchschnittsalter 27 ± 9,5 Jahre) durchgeführt. Diese wurden entsprechend der femoralen Morphologie (mit bzw. ohne begleitendes Cam-Impingement) sowie des präoperativen Labrum-/Knorpelzustandes in drei Gruppen eingeteilt: PAO ohne femorale Offsetkorrektur, PAO mit Arthrotomie und femoraler Offsetkorrektur und PAO nach simultan durchgeführter arthroskopisch assistierter femoraler Offsetkorrektur und Labrum-/Knorpelchirurgie. Davon konnten 85 Hüftgelenke bei 69 Patienten in einer prospektiven klinischen Studie mit einem durchschnittlichen postoperativen Follow-up von 64 ± 18 Monaten klinisch und radiologisch nachuntersucht werden. Die klinische Ergebnisbeurteilung erfolgte mit Hilfe von Algofunktionsfragebögen (EQ-5D, WOMAC, Oxford Hip Score, Global Treatment Outcome). Die radiologische Auswertung erfolgte mittels Röntgen und MRT des Beckens. Der CE-Winkel sowie das „Cross-over“-Sign wurden in der Röntgen-Beckenübersicht beurteilt. Zur Bewertung des Azetabulum nach erfolgter PAO wurde der anteriore und posteriore azetabuläre Sektorenwinkel nach Anda sowie die azetabuläre Anteversion nach Anda im MRT gemessen. Zur Bewertung der femoralen Morphologie wurde der α-Winkel nach Nötzli in der Lauenstein- Aufnahme im Röntgen, sowie in 30°-Abständen in radiären Sequenzen des Schenkelhalses im MRT gemessen. Außerdem erfolgte die Messung der femoralen Antetorsion nach Tönnis und Heinecke im MRT.
Postoperativ kam es zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Punktewerte in den Algofunktionsfragebögen. Der EQ-5D verbesserte sich von präoperativ 10,4 ± 2 auf postoperativ 7,8 ± 2 Punkte, in der visuellen Analogskala kam es zu einer Steigerung von 65 auf 80 Prozent (p<0,001). Auch der postoperative WOMAC (91 ± 14) verbesserten sich deutlich gegenüber den präoperativen Ausgangswerten (73 ± 18; p<0,001). In 90 Prozent der Fälle gaben die Patienten an, die Operation habe „sehr geholfen“ oder „geholfen“. Der CE-Winkel veränderte sich von 15 ± 6 Grad präoperativ auf 32 ± 7 Grad postoperativ (p<0,001). Ein vermehrter CE-Winkel korrelierte signifikant mit einem besseren OHS (p=0,029). Das Auftreten eines „Cross-over“-Signs wurde postoperativ reduziert (p=0,012), ein positives „Cross-over“-Sign zeigte jedoch keine Korrelation mit schlechteren klinischen Scorewerten. Der α-Winkel wurde durch die Operation von durchschnittlich 54 ± 16 Grad auf 42 ± 10 Grad reduziert (p<0,001). Ein vermehrter α- Winkel im kranialen Bereich als Ausdruck unzureichender Offsetkorrektur war mit einer verminderten Patientenzufriedenheit (GTO) assoziiert (p=0,003). Sowohl die ASA und die azetabuläre Anteversion als auch die femorale Antetorsion hatten keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf das klinische Ergebnis. In drei Fällen war zum Zeitpunkt der Nachuntersuchung eine Hüft-TEP vorhanden. Die drei Gruppen unterschieden sich nicht bezüglich des klinischen Outcomes.
Zusammenfassend ist die periazetabuläre Osteotomie bei korrekter Indikationsstellung eine hervorragende Methode um eine Hüftdysplasie gelenkerhaltend zu operieren. Wenn eine begleitende Cam-Deformität gleichzeitig korrigiert wird, erreichen die Patienten ein vergleichbares postoperatives Outcome, wie Patienten mit isolierter Hüftdysplasie. Eine persistierende Cam-Deformität ist mit einem schlechteren klinischen Out- come assoziiert. Die laterale Überdachung, gemessen mit dem CE-Winkel, ist weiterhin ein wichtiger Einflussfaktor auf das klinische Behandlungsergebnis nach PAO. Hier muss neben einer Unterkorrektur auch eine Überkorrektur der Überdachung vermieden werden. Ein bisher nicht nachweisbarer Effekt der azetabulären Sektorenwinkel, der azetabulären Anteversion oder der femoralen Antetorsion auf das Behandlungsergebnis ist eventuell auf den noch begrenzten Beobachtungszeitraum und die begrenzte Fallzahl zurückzuführen. Daher ist eine weiterführende Betreuung der Patienten und erneute Evaluation der Behandlungswege in größeren Zeitabständen sinnvoll, um die langfristige Entwicklung beurteilen zu können.
11
Trufanova, N. "Lautrec's legacy manifestations of deformity & synecdochical depictions of legs /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2005. http://thesis.haverford.edu/139/01/2005TrufanovaN.pdf.
Full text
12
Li, Jian. "Spontaneous correction of fracture deformity : a study in the rat /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-119-9/.
Full text
13
Garrahy, Ann M. H. "Three-dimensional assessment of dentofacial deformity in children with clefts." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1475/.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Changes in clinical management; advances in non-invasive three-dimensional imaging; developments in methods of shape analysis. Aim: To assess three-dimensional dentofacial deformity with a view to early appraisal of primary surgical outcome. Results: Significant differences in upper lip morphology were found between the cleft children and their unaffected peers; nasal asymmetry that became more obvious in function was noted in cleft children; the maxillary dental arches of the children with repaired cleft palate were shallow, short and narrow; and the dental arch, deformity and the facial soft tissue deformity were unrelated. Contributions to the field: It has been shown that deviation from normal could be detected as young as 3 years of age using computerised stereophotogrammetry; preliminary, objective, three-dimensional analysis of facial function has been completed in young children; the accuracy of three-dimensional CT scanning of dentate study models and the time cost of data collection were quantified; and this study has produced a body of three-dimensional data that can test and support analytical advances.
14
Najafi, Bijan, James Wrobel, and Joshua Burns. "Mechanism of orthotic therapy for the painful cavus foot deformity." BioMed Central, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610181.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:People who have extremely high arched feet or pes cavus often suffer from substantial foot pain. Custom-made foot orthoses (CFO) have been shown to be an effective treatment option, but their specificity is unclear. It is generally thought that one of the primary functions of CFO is redistributing abnormal plantar pressures. This study sought to identify variables associated with pain relief after CFO intervention.METHODS:Plantar pressure data from a randomized controlled trial of 154 participants with painful pes cavus were retrospectively re-analyzed at baseline and three month post CFO intervention. The participants were randomized to a treatment group given CFO or a control group given sham orthoses.RESULTS:No relationship between change in pressure magnitude and change in symptoms was found in either group. However, redistribution of plantar pressure, measured with the Dynamic Plantar Loading Index, had a significant effect on pain relief (p=0.001). Our final model predicted 73% of the variance in pain relief from CFO and consisted of initial pain level, BMI, foot alignment, and changes in both Dynamic Plantar Loading Index and pressure-time integral.CONCLUSION:Our data suggest that a primary function of effective orthotic therapy with CFO is redistribution of abnormal plantar pressures. Results of this study add to the growing body of literature providing mechanistic support for CFO providing pain relief in painful foot conditions. The proposed model may assist in better designing and assessing orthotic therapy for pain relief in patients suffering painful cavus foot deformity.TRIAL REGISTRATION:Randomized controlled trial: ISRCTN84913516
15
Wang, Zheng. "Isometrically deforming cloth with simultaneous collision handling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40948.
Full textAbstract:
We propose an isometrically deforming cloth model for physics-based simulation, which works with a conforming triangle mesh yet doesn’t suffer from locking. This in itself is an important step forward for cloth animation, as many common materials essentially do not stretch, yet the only prior method capable of handling this regime used a non-conforming mesh which considerably complicated collision handling. We further introduce a general integration scheme for constrained dynamics with additional potential energy terms and frictional contact, all fully and implicitly coupled together rather than staggered in time. Shells with stiff bending forces greatly benefit from the simultaneous coupling. Moreover, we show that solving for one time step in this scheme can be transformed to solving a Newton sequence of unconstrained linear least-squares problems, resulting only in sparse, symmetric positive definite matrices which can be handled particularly efficiently.
16
Sand, Peter (Peter M. ). 1977. "Reconstruction of deforming surfaces from moving silhouettes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87857.
Full text
17
Langham, Jacob. "Spiral pinballs, cardiac tissue and deforming capacitors." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/90330/.
Full textAbstract:
‘Spiral pinballs’ are resonantly drifting spiral waves in excitable media that reflect from boundaries. Instead of reflecting at an angle equal to the one at which they approach the boundary—like a ray of light reflecting from a mirror—they reflect in a preferred direction. This invites comparison with a number of other complex systems that behave as nonspecular billiards, including bouncing droplets on a vibrated bath, swimming microorganisms and segments of chemical waves. In the first part of this thesis, we study the trajectories of spiral pinball reflections. A catalogue of interesting behaviours is discovered in both the small- and large-core rotation regimes and the long-term billiard dynamics is briefly considered. By using an asymptotic theory, we examine the reflection process in detail and thereby explain many of the observed phenomena. The second part of this thesis concerns itself with modelling spiral wave activity in a deforming medium. Our motivation stems from cardiac tissue, in which spiral waves and mechanical deformation are reciprocally coupled. We describe a simple modelling approach for this system and discuss its implementation. Various different results are presented using this model. Finally we consider a problem from the engineering world. Dielectric elastomers are flexible capacitors that undergo nonlinear elastic deformations in response to forces arising from electric surface charges. We propose a novel modelling approach that decomposes these forces into a compressive stress and a tangential shear. The tangential component corresponds to a fringing effect that is usually considered to be negligible. Via numerical simulations and comparison with experimental data we show that it nonetheless has an important role to play in selecting the deformed shapes that these systems adopt. In some cases, we are able to compute multiple equilibrium configurations and it is shown that doing so is necessary to obtain the most physically relevant states.
18
Wu, Yuen-fan Lina, and 胡婉芬. "Psychological adjustment of patients with dentofacial deformity beforeand after orthognathic surgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47849381.
Full textAbstract:
Dentofacial deformities have an adverse impact on functional as well as
psychological wellbeing. Being highly visible, they may lead to a host of
psychological problems particularly in youths and young adults as concerns about
bodily identity and integrity are likely to be most prominent. Body image and
self-esteem have been noted to play an important role in adjusting to
disfigurement. Those who opted for corrective orthognatic surgery with realistic
expectations were found to have a higher level of satisfaction with the outcome of
the surgery. In contrast, undue and unrealistically positive aspirations towards the
surgery are implicated in increased post-operative psychological difficulties.
This study aimed to systematically document the variability of psychological
adjustment and study the predictors of well-being in individuals with dentofacial
deformity after orthognathic surgery.
Seventy patients pending to go through orthognathic surgery were recruited
from a university based dental hospital. Assessments of the patients’ overall
psychological condition and adjustment towards their dentofacial deformity were
conducted with standardized questionnaires and compared with similar
assessment conducted with control subjects. The patients’ motivations for
orthognathic surgery, psychological well-being, as well as expectations on the
outcomes of surgery were studied through individually conducted psychological
assessment interviews. Patients were re-assessed at 6 and 12 months after
surgery on their level of satisfaction toward the outcome of surgery as well as to
gauge possible changes in their psychological condition.
There was no excess of significant psychopathology in patients with
dentofacial deformity compared to the normal control group. However, as
predicted, people with dentofacial deformity were more dissatisfied with their
facial attractiveness. They also have more problems in interpersonal sensitivity.
In the patient group, functional impairment or disability was a lesser concern
compared to body image and presentation. Improvement of physical attractiveness
was a strong underlying motivation for treatment. Longitudinal data on patients’
level of satisfaction with the treatment outcomes and perceived benefits
associated with the improved facial esthetics will be further analyzed in the light
of their underlying psychological vulnerabilities or resilience. The results are
expected to cast light on factors that may affect patients’ satisfaction with the
treatment.
The results of the study confirmed that dissatisfaction with facial appearance
prompted acceptance of surgery despite its associated discomfort and hazards.
The findings of the study are expected to be useful in better informing
clinical psychological interventions with aims of enhancing adjustment and
forestalling psychological morbidity through early intervention with individuals
coping with facial disfigurement.published_or_final_version
Psychiatry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
19
Henchie, Travis F. "An Image-Based Method to Measure Joint Deformity in Inflammatory Arthritis." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1232.
Full textAbstract:
Background Quantifying joint deformity in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), remains problematic because it is difficult to estimate where the healthy joint surface would have been. Methods The second metacarpophalangeal of RA, PsA and healthy subjects were imaged with HR-pQCT. Using the bone surfaces of the healthy cohort as a reference, the method predicted the healthy surface of each individual diseased bone surface. Quantifiable outcomes were measured based on differences between the predicted healthy surface and the actual diseased surface. Sensitivity studies were conducted to measure precision, and the algorithm was validated against artificially created deformities with known geometries. Results Subjects with PsA and RA had significantly greater occurrences of erosion based surface outcomes than the healthy cohort. Sensitivity analyses revealed precision errors of up to 0.26 mm. Validating the algorithm showed an average accuracy error of 0.12 mm (4%) for detecting erosions and 0.27 mm (20%) for detecting periosteal bone growths. Conclusions The new method allows for visualization and quantification of surface changes within the affected joint by identifying areas of erosion and periosteal bone formation. Surface based outcomes are a novel way to interpret and further quantify articular bone changes affected by PsA and RA.
20
Schmotzer, Hans. "Knee joint contact stresses : the influence of deformity and muscle activity." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26674.
Full textAbstract:
Studies have shown that the alignment of the knee in the coronal plane has a significant effect on the joint contact stress. However, gait analysis demonstrated that factors other than alignment contributed significantly to the outcome of corrective surgery. It was therefore hypothesized that muscle contraction can alter the stress distribution within the knee joint and that overloading can occur in the absence of a deformity. Six normal knees were harvested from different donors. The exact orientation of all muscle groups was recorded and their tendinous insertions carefully preserved. Custom built pressure transducers (6 per compartment, 0.5 mm thick, 10 mm diameter) were inserted through 2 small, posterior, capsular incisions and placed on the tibial surface and the menisci. The knees were mounted in a loading system which allowed free self-alignment of the joint under load. All muscles were replaced by wire cables instrumented with force transducer, tensioner and grip. Several alignment models (5, 10 degree varus, neutral, 5 degree valgus and 15 degree of flexion) as well as the effect of contraction of all major muscles crossing the knee joint were tested. An even pressure distribution was seen in neutral alignment. In a varus deformity the peak pressure shifted medially and laterally in valgus. Unloading of the opposite compartment was seen for deformities as small as 5 degrees. A flexion deformity produced a postero-lateral shift of the peak pressure area. Muscle contraction increased the pressure significantly in a region next to the muscle. Generally, unloading - though less significant - was seen in a region diagonally across the joint. These results suggest that muscular hyperactivity may considerable increase the contact stresses. However, muscle weakness or lack of muscular contraction may indirectly play a significant role in affecting the contact pressure distribution. If the muscle force is insufficient to counterbalance the external moment condylar lift-off occurs. This increases the angulation between femur and tibia thereby overloading the compartment where contact takes place; One can therefore conclude that abnormal gait patterns or neuromuscular control mechanisms may result in unphysiologically high contact stresses which may cause the development of unicompartmental osteoarthritis and subsequently, a deformity.
21
Rambo, Lindsay Ellen. "TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS AND NASAL SEPTUM DEVIATION IN DENTOFACIAL DEFORMITY PATIENTS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/343993.
Full textAbstract:
Oral BiologyM.S.
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to subclassify the types of facial asymmetries present in a pre-surgical dentofacial deformity patient population to determine the prevalence of each subcategory. Associations between the craniofacial characteristics of each asymmetry and pre-surgical Jaw Pain and Function Questionnaire (JPFQ) scores, diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and posterior facial asymmetry (PFA) as determined by nasal septum deviation were analyzed. In addition, the data will aid in the development of a phenomics database to allow for subsequent genotyping and gene expression evaluation from patient saliva and masseter muscle samples that were obtained at the time of corrective orthognathic surgery. Methods: Pre-surgical posterio-anterior (PA) cephalograms, submentovertex (SMV) and panoramic (PAN) radiographs from 92 pre-surgical dentofacial deformity patients at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lille, France were collected to evaluate facial asymmetry. PAs were traced and analyzed according to the Grummons Simplified Frontal analysis and Ramal Height analysis (Dolphin Imaging). SMVs were analyzed by the refined clinical system of the Ritucci and Burstone analysis proposed by Arnold et al along with original angular measurements for maxillary, mandibular, and nasal septum deviations (ImageJ). PFA was determined by a nasal septum deviation greater than 15 degrees. Lastly, PANs were evaluated visually for condylar pathologies. A comprehensive diagnostic decision tree for facial asymmetry was formulated based upon the current literature for normal variation of landmarks and the study design. Patient diagnosis via the decision tree was compared to visual examination of the appropriate x-rays to verify accuracy. Using this decision tree, patients were classified into subtypes and prevalence of each was calculated to form a phenomics database for future research on genotyping and gene expression. Associations between the subclassifications, mean pre-surgical JPFQ scores, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clinical examination results (TMD+ or TMD-), and the diagnosis of posterior facial asymmetry (PFA+ or PFA-) were completed. Results: Sixty-two patients were able to fulfill all radiographic requirements to arrive at a diagnosis. Eighteen patients demonstrated facial asymmetry that fell within normal biological variation while the other 44 were diagnosed as having a form of facial asymmetry – Cranial Base Asymmetry: 11 female, 6 male; Non-Condylar Mandibular Asymmetry: 5 female, 3 male; Hemimandibular Elongation: 2 female, 3 male; Maxillary Asymmetry: 3 female, 1 male; Idiopathic Condylar Resorption: 3 female, 1 male; Atypical Asymmetry: 3 female, 1 male; Hemimandibular Hyperplasia: 1 female, 0 male; and Maxillary Base & Mandibular Body Asymmetry: 0 female, 1 male. JPFQ scores for symmetric patients ((x ) ̅= 5.33) and asymmetric patients (x ̅= 4.57) were non-significant overall, however, differences between gender were noted (female symmetric (x ) ̅= 6.13, male symmetric (x ) ̅= 1.33, female asymmetric (x ) ̅= 5.36, male asymmetric (x ) ̅= 3.19). TMD was diagnosed by pre-surgical TMJ examinations and MRIs. Four symmetric patients (3 female, 1 male) were positively diagnosed with TMD while 14 asymmetric patients (11 female, 1 male) also were diagnosed. PFA was diagnosed when nasal septum deviation was greater than 15 degrees – 25⁰ to ≤35⁰: 9 patients; >35⁰ to ≤45⁰: 3 patients; >45⁰: 1 patient. Twenty patients with a positive PFA were asymmetric while the other 8 symmetric. Twenty-one patients with PFA were female while the other 7 were male. Conclusion: A comprehensive diagnostic decision tree for facial asymmetry classification was formulated and validated. With it, it was found that: Females have increased JPFQ scores and clinical diagnosis of TMD versus males. Asymmetric females have decreased JPFQ scores, but increased prevalence of TMD. Presence of PFA does not appear to be a strong influence on development of facial asymmetry but is significantly linked to the presence of TMD. PFA is present in nearly half of all dentofacial deformity subjects. Mandibular asymmetry is most commonly associated with increased JPFQ scores and presence of TMD. However, Hemimandibular Hyperplasia, a particular and less common form of mandibular asymmetry, never associated with TMD. One form of mandibular and mid-facial asymmetry, Atypical Asymmetry, had a relatively high prevalence of TMD. Future directions for this research include continuation of genotypic description of IGF1 and Nodal biologic pathways to determine how gene expression levels in masseter muscle and patient genotypes differ in the eight subclassifications of craniofacial asymmetry compared to the symmetric population.
Temple University--Theses
22
Wallander, Henrik M. "Congenital clubfoot aspects on epidemiology, residual deformity and patient reported outcome /." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106366.
Full text
23
Bowyer, Stuart. "Active constraints for robotic surgery in deforming tissue." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/51553.
Full textAbstract:
Active constraints are collaborative human-robot control algorithms which have a well-established history of use within robot assisted surgery research. This control strategy anisotropically regulates the motion of a human user in such a way that it effectively combines the competencies of surgeons and robots, allowing for improved clinical outcomes and surgeon experience. The significant majority of research previously presented for active constraints focuses on their application to static procedures, where the surgical environment is assumed to be rigid throughout. In this thesis, several research contributions are presented which assist with applying active constraints in surgical procedures within deforming soft tissue. The primary contribution is the formulation of a novel haptic control algorithm, based on friction, which can effectively guide a surgeon in both positioning and orienting a surgical instrument, while guaranteeing that the haptic interaction is energetically dissipative. The proven dissipative formulation of these 'dynamic frictional constraints' ensures that the surgeon always has overall control of a procedure and makes the system resilient to limitations and errors in the robot's comprehension of the surgical environment. To apply active constraints within deforming tissue, it is necessary to compute the geometric relationship between the surgical instruments and the constrained anatomy. A novel bounding volume is proposed which, when used in a hierarchy, exploits the limits of soft tissue deformations to increase the resolution of constraint geometries that can be used at stable control rates. The experimental validation of these research contributions in a clinically realistic nerve dissection simulation and in non-clinical dynamic path-following tasks, shows significant benefits to the user in several metrics characterising surgical accuracy and precision. These results demonstrate that the proposed enhancements of active constraints could lead to increased surgeon performance, fewer complications and improved clinical outcomes in soft tissue surgical procedures.
24
Lukins, Timothy Campbell. "Qualifying 4D deforming surfaces by registered differential features." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2830.
Full textAbstract:
Recent advances in 4D data acquisition systems in the field of Computer Vision have opened up many exciting new possibilities for the interpretation of complex moving surfaces. However, a fundamental problem is that this has also led to a huge increase in the volume of data to be handled. Attempting to make sense of this wealth of information is then a core issue to be addressed if such data can be applied to more complex tasks. Similar problems have been historically encountered in the analysis of 3D static surfaces, leading to the extraction of higher-level features based on analysis of the differential geometry. Our central hypothesis is that there exists a compact set of similarly useful descriptors for the analysis of dynamic 4D surfaces. The primary advantages in considering localised changes are that they provide a naturally useful set of invariant characteristics. We seek a constrained set of terms - a vocabulary - for describing all types of deformation. By using this, we show how to describe what the surface is doing more effectively; and thereby enable better characterisation, and consequently more effective visualisation and comparison. This thesis investigates this claim. We adopt a bottom-up approach of the problem, in which we acquire raw data from a newly constructed commercial 4D data capture system developed by our industrial partners. A crucial first step resolves the temporal non-linear registration between instances of the captured surface. We employ a combined optical/range flow to guide a conformation over a sequence. By extending the use of aligned colour information alongside the depth data we improve this estimation in the case of local surface motion ambiguities. By employing a KLT/thin-plate-spline method we also seek to preserve global deformation for regions with no estimate. We then extend aspects of differential geometry theory for existing static surface analysis to the temporal domain. Our initial formulation considers the possible intrinsic transitions from the set of shapes defined by the variations in the magnitudes of the principal curvatures. This gives rise to a total of 15 basic types of deformation. The change in the combined magnitudes also gives an indication of the extent of change. We then extend this to surface characteristics associated with expanding, rotating and shearing; to derive a full set of differential features. Our experimental results include qualitative assessment of deformations for short episodic registered sequences of both synthetic and real data. The higher-level distinctions extracted are furthermore a useful first step for parsimonious feature extraction, which we then proceed to demonstrate can be used as a basis for further analysis. We ultimately evaluate this approach by considering shape transition features occurring within the human face, and the applicability for identification and expression analysis tasks.
25
Balakrishnan, Sreenath. "A Numerical Elastic Model for Deforming Bat Pinnae." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36406.
Full textAbstract:
In bats, the directivity patterns for reception are shaped by the surface geometry of the
pinnae. Since many bat species are capable of large ear deformations, these beampatterns
can be time-variant. To investigate this time-variance using numerical methods, a digital
model that is capable of representing the pinna geometry during the entire deformation cycle
has been developed.
Due to large deformations and occlusions, some of the surfaces relevant to sound diffraction
may not be visible and the geometry of the entire pinna has to be computed from limited
data. This has been achieved by combining a complete digital model of the pinna in one
position with time-variant sparse sets of three dimensional landmark data. The landmark
positions were estimated using stereo vision methods. A finite element model based on
elasticity was constructed from CT scans of the pinna post mortem. This elastic model
was deformed to provide a good fit to the positions of the landmarks and retain values of
smoothness and surface energy comparable to life. This model was able to handle ratios
of data to degrees of freedom around 1:5000 and still effect life-like deformations with an
acceptable goodness of fit.
Master of Science
26
Duffy, Catherine M. "The energy cost of walking in spina bifida : when does it become unacceptable?" Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263320.
Full text
27
Butterworth, Annetta Judith Helen. "The depiction of deformity in Italian art, c.1450 to c.1600." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415271.
Full text
28
Spratley, Edward Meade. "Patient-Specific Modeling Of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity Before And After Surgery." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3278.
Full textAbstract:
The use of computational modeling is an increasingly commonplace technique for the investigation of biomechanics in intact and pathological musculoskeletal systems. Moreover, given the robust and repeatable nature of computer simulation and the prevalence of software techniques for accurate 3-D reconstructions of tissues, the predictive power of these models has increased dramatically. However, there are no patient-specific kinematic models whose function is dictated solely by physiologic soft-tissue constraints, articular shape and contact, and without idealized joint approximations. Moreover, very few models have attempted to predict surgical effects combined with postoperative validation of those predictions. Given this, it is not surprising that the area of foot/ankle modeling has been especially underserved. Thus, we chose to investigate the pre- and postoperative kinematics of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (AAFD) across a cohort of clinically diagnosed sufferers. AAFD was chosen as it is a chronic and degenerative disease wherein degradation of soft-tissue supporters of the medial arch eventually cause gross malalignment in the mid- and hindfoot, along with significant pain and dysfunction. Also, while planar radiographs are still used to diagnose and stage the disease, it is widely acknowledged that these 2-D measures fail to fully describe the 3-D nature of AAFD. Thus, a population of six patient-specific rigid-body computational models was developed using the commercially available software packages Mimics® and SolidWorks® in order to investigate foot function in patients with diagnosed Stage IIb AAFD. Each model was created from patient-specific sub-millimeter MRI scans, loaded with body weight, individualized muscle forces, and ligament forces, in single leg stance. The predicted model kinematics were validated pre- and postoperatively using clinically utilized radiographic angle distance measures as well as plantar force distributions. The models were then further exploited to predict additional biomechanical parameters such as articular contact force and soft-tissue strain, as well as the effect of hypothetical surgical interventions. Subsequently, kinematic simulations demonstrated that the models were able to accurately predict foot/ankle motion in agreement with their respective patients. Additionally, changes in joint contact force and ligament strain observed across surgical states further elucidate the complex biomechanical underpinnings of foot and ankle function.
29
Wang, Ruoli. "Biomechanical Consequences of Foot and Ankle Injury and Deformity: Kinematics and Muscle Function." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute for Technology, School of Engineering Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11217.
Full text
30
Amini, Mohammad. "A fluoroscopy-based intraoperative tool for measuring alignments in spinal deformity correction surgery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58482.
Full textAbstract:
Spinal deformity is any abnormal formation, alignment, or shape of the vertebral column which can lead to pain and disability. In severe cases, corrective surgery is recommended for improving the spinal alignment with the goal of reducing pain and improving patient mobility. Although accurate intraoperative assessments of spinal alignments can highly influence patient outcomes, it still remains a technically challenging task due to the limited field of view or poor image quality of existing intraoperative tools. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to develop a new intraoperative tool for radiographic assessment of long anatomies with a focus on spinal deformity correction surgery.
An image-based technique is developed to produce long calibrated images on the surgical table. The system was validated by performing experiments on phantom objects and four cadaveric specimens. The sagittal and coronal radiographic parameters were measured on the generated long views and compared against the ground-truth data collected from computed tomography. The usability of the system, in terms of radiation exposure and the required time for image acquisition and processing, was compared against a long radiographic plain film method.
Tests on the phantoms demonstrated localization accuracies of 3.9±2.3mm, and 0.6±0.7°, and stitching accuracies of 0.6±0.6mm and 2.5±1mm for coronal and sagittal views. From in-vitro experiments, on the coronal plane, the accuracies of radiographic measurements for spinal alignment angles and global spinal balance measurements were 1.1±0.7° and 0.9±0.7mm, respectively. On the sagittal plane, the Cobb angle measurement accuracy was 2.3±1.2°. The calculated radiation exposure and required time for image acquisition and processing were 2616mR and 12 minutes, which were 46% and 60% of the corresponding estimated values of long radiographic plain film method.
The introduced technique showed promising results for monitoring the spinopelvic alignments in both coronal and sagittal planes with accuracies within the clinically acceptable range of <5mm and <5°, while the radiation exposure and time of image acquisition are kept lower than the corresponding values from competing methods. The proposed solution can potentially assist improve the outcomes of spinal deformity correction surgeries and similar surgical interventions where accurate assessment of long anatomies is critically important.Applied Science, Faculty of
Graduate
31
Foster, Bruce Kristian. "Epiphyseal plate repair using fat interposition to reverse physeal deformity : an experimental study." Title page, contents and summary only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdf754.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 169-197. Hypothesises that the physis has an internal mechanism of repair to restore physeal function. Aims to establish a defined degree of deformity by partial growth plate excision, then to examine different methods of reversal of such deformity to observe the process of growth plate repair. A secondary aim was to define the percentage of physis that could be resected yet still enable reversal of deformity.
32
Smedley, Marie A. "Nutritional and environmental effects on triploid Atlantic salmon skeletal deformity, growth and smoltification." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23342.
Full textAbstract:
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an iconic species that dominates the global finfish production sector with increasing market demand. The Scottish industry and government alone aspires for expansion of the sector to 210,000 t by 2020 with 154, 000 t produced in 2013. As such, there are pressures to improve sustainable development in particular to minimise the genetic impact of escapees on wild populations and reduce sea lice infection which are required for the granting of “green licenses” in Norway. The use of triploidy has been tested in the 1980’s with little success owing to suboptimal rearing conditions leading to elevated mortalities, poorer growth and a higher prevalence of deformities, in particular of the skeleton. Collectively: recent success of triploid trout farming, expansion to the salmon production sector and potential resulting pressure on wild stocks through escapee increases have reinstated interest to implement artificially induced triploid Atlantic salmon in commercial production. As diploid Atlantic salmon have undertaken extensive domestication to achieve the high quality production and welfare standards observed to date, triploid conspecifics too require husbandry optimisation to realise potential. In particular, industrialisation requires that higher observations of deformities and inconsistent growth trajectories during seawater ongrowing be resolved through optimisation of rearing regimes and subsequent standardization of husbandry protocols. Triploids possess additional genomic material and increased cell size yet reduced frequency that reflects known differences in physiology and supports that, in effect, triploids should be considered as a new species relative to diploid conspecifics. Therefore, this doctoral thesis aimed to study nutrition and temperature effects on triploid Atlantic salmon traits throughout the production cycle from ‘egg to plate’. Nutrition trials aimed to improve growth potential and mitigate skeletal deformities both in freshwater (FW) and saltwater (SW) whilst attempts were made to define a window of smoltification to ensure optimal ongrowing performance. Finally, impacts of embryonic temperature regimes that are known to impact long term performance and deformity development in triploids, were examined in relation to DNA regulation and yolk composition in an attempt to underpin potential mechanisms for the environmental impact of temperature on developmental phenotype. One of the main restrictions to triploid Atlantic salmon implementation is the increased prevalence and severity of skeletal deformities, particularly after the maring phase. The work performed in this thesis first demonstrated that protein and/or phosphorous (P) supplementation throughout SW ongrowing not only reduced the level of severely deformed (≥ 10 deformed vertebrae observable by x-radiography) individuals by 30 % but also sustained 6.8 % faster growth and improved harvest grade compared to triploids fed a standard grower diet (chapter 2). Comparison of x-radiography and severely deformed individuals between harvest and sea transfer highlighted that protein and P supplementation arrested deformity development whereas prevalence increased in triploids fed a standard grower diet. This implied that severe deformities were of FW origin and strongly suggest requirement for improved nutrition in FW to optimise SW performance. Therefore investigation of higher dietary P inclusion in FW was investigated and results showed significantly reduced number of deformed vertebrae and no severely deformed individuals in those fed 19.7 g total P Kg-1 compared with those fed 13.0 & 16.7 g total P Kg-1 (chapter 3). Most deformities were localised in the central (vertebrae 27 – 31) and caudal (vertebrae 52 – 57) regions for all treatments. However, triploids fed lower dietary P displayed a particular increase in prevalence within the tail region (vertebrae 32- 47) which is consistent with SW ongrowing reports and results from chapter 2, further highlighting FW origin of higher vertebral deformities reported in SW ongrowing in triploids. Higher P supplementation in FW also significantly improved growth in triploid parr compared to diploids and lower supplementation. However, this effect did not transpire in later FW smolt stages where weights were significantly higher in triploids fed lower compared to higher P supplementation. Expression of target genes involved in osteogenesis and bone P homeostasis in vertebrates were then analysed and a ploidy effect of osteogenic genes alp, igf1r and opn as well as a dietary effect on P homeostasis gene fgf23 was apparent in the parr stages but not smolt. In addition, stronger ploidy-diet effects were also observed in parr stages for whole body mineral concentrations. Collectively, growth, gene expression and whole body mineral content results indicate these earlier parr life stages may be more sensitive to P supplementation. This pronounced effect may be a consequence of seasonal accelerated growth associated with this period, where higher temperatures were also observed. The potential for shorter P supplementation windows in commercial production was addressed in chapter 4 with hope to cut economic cost to raw mineral inclusion in feed and also mitigate potential anthropogenic eutrophication on the environment that may be induced by P leached through uneaten feed and faeces. Triploids were fed higher dietary P (17.4 g total P Kg-1) until either early (5 g) or later (20 g) parr stages, or smolt (83 g) and monitored for performance throughout freshwater (FW) development. During later parr development (30 g), x-radiography assessment demonstrated that increased dietary P reduced the number of deformities and severely deformed individuals with no indication that feeding P for shorter windows improved skeletal integrity. Hence, P supplementation may be required throughout FW development for optimal skeletal performance. In addition, no differences in deformities were observed between triploid treatments at smolt. An effect of dietary P supplementation on whole body mineral concentration was observed in the early and later parr stages that was not as pronounced as smolt, which is consistent with results in chapter 3. Together, these results indicate that skeletal assessment during early developmental stages may not reflect smolt performance most likely as a consequence of seasonal effects of improved linear growth in the cooler winter temperatures prior to smolt where reversible deformities observed at parr may also be alleviated. In the same study (chapter 4), the inclusion of the probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici (Bactocell™) was also tested as a means to enhance gut assimilation as suggested in previous studies and therefore reduce the levels of P supplementation. Results clearly indicate superior skeletal performance in parr (30 g) as well as significantly less deformed vertebrae and no severely deformed individuals. However, at smolt (~83g), no effects of the dietary probiotic treatment were observed which may also be attributed to seasonal effects. Overall, nutritional research clearly indicate triploids require higher dietary P for optimal growth and skeletal development, which although is not consistent between life stages, is ultimately required throughout FW for optimal skeletal development at smolt. The use of probiotics offer a promising avenue for reduced P requirement in FW feed and further research should verify results and assess long-term performance. Timing of SW transfer according to correct parr-smolt transformation (PST) is essential for survival and growth performance in ongrowing where feeding and growth rate accelerate post-transfer. So far, SW transfer regimes and in particular the smoltification ‘window’ remains loosely defined in triploid Atlantic salmon and it is crucial that this be addressed to ensure optimal ongrowing survival and performance.
33
Vlachos, Nickolas Dimitris. "Boundary element method of incompressible flow past deforming geometries." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297802.
Full text
34
Gaspar, Neil. "Structures and heterogeneity in deforming, densely packed granular materials." Thesis, Kingston University, 2001. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20679/.
Full textAbstract:
Predictions of the mechanical properties of a densely packed granular material so far have been quite inaccurate. Many of the phenomena observed by such a material leave a lot of unanswered questions. For example the stiffness of a sample under a strain path is poorly predicted by the most recent theoretical work. Part of the difficulty of a granular material is the interplay between discrete and continuous measures. For any sample of a practical scale, the size and numbers of grains involved makes consideration of each individual grain a near impossible process. So on the whole, continuum measures and theories have been used to try to describe the material behaviour without acknowledgement of the particulate constituents. However, that the mechanics of the material as a whole is dependent on the inter-particle forces is undeniable. These inter- particle forces work at the level of the individual particle where discrete measures such as force and displacements should be used. So how can practical, continuum measures be constructed from discrete constituents? This thesis provides the theoretical means to traverse from the discrete constituents to continuum measures. A key feature is the formalisation of a mesodomain, which is the unit of a granular material where the continuum and discrete regimes meet. Use is made of the formulation of a heterogeneous material to describe this mesodomain and it is shown how material properties can be scaled up from the mesoscale to the size of a sample of granular material. Work external to this project provides a method for describing the mechanics within the mesodomain. This is used to calculate the values of important tensors that represent the fabric of the mesodomain.
35
Stephenson, Emma Lorraine. "A laboratory investigation of fluid flow in deforming sediments." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506777.
Full text
36
Stockley, Ian. "Orthoses and the rheumatoid hindfoot." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344033.
Full text
37
Alexander, Keisha N. Frazier-Bowers Sylvia A. "Genetic and phenotypic evaluation of the Class III dentofacial deformity comparisons of three populations /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,946.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the School of Dentistry (Orthodontics)." Discipline: Orthodontics; Department/School: Dentistry.
38
Dwyer, Kevin. "The Effect of Femoroacetabular Deformity on Lower-Limb Joint Biomechanics During Daily Functional Tasks." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30921.
Full textAbstract:
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a hip joint deformity that causes joint pain, decreases joint range of motion and results in abnormal kinematic and kinetic characteristics. It is not known whether these biomechanical variations are caused by the actual mechanical impingement aspect of hip deformity or neuromuscular adaptations and soft tissue damage associated with pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of femoroacetabular cam deformity (FAD) during daily functional tasks. This was accomplished by measuring and comparing the hip joint biomechanics of symptomatic FAI (sFAI), asymptomatic FAD, and control (CON) subjects. Fifty one subjects volunteered to the study (n = 51; CON = 17, FAD = 18, sFAI = 16) and they performed 6 simulated activities of daily living: stair ascent and descent, sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit, dynamic range of motion, maximum depth squats and level walking tasks while motion ground reaction force and muscle activity were recorded. However, only the squat and level walking tasks were analyzed for this thesis. For each task, three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were recorded and analyzed. Qualitative questionnaires (HOOS and WOMAC) and physical exams were also part of the testing protocol, and maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) were collected as part of a separate EMG protocol. The EMG results were not analyzed but the MVIC results were and the moments of force were determined. The sFAI group had significantly reduced scores for all HOOS and WOMAC metrics compared to FAD and CON. The sFAI group had significantly reduced external rotation, internal rotation, and a trend indicating reduced hip flexion compared to FAD and CON groups. The FAD group had a trend indicating reduced internal rotation compared to CON. There were no differences in the moments of force between groups for the MVICs. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for the squat trials, however, the sFAI group showed biomechanical variations. Both the CON and FAD groups were able to squat deeper, had greater pelvic range of motion and a larger maximum hip and knee flexion angle compared to sFAI. Similarly, the walking tasks did not elucidate any between group differences in biomechanical characteristics. Yet, there was a noticeable trend of decreased peak hip abduction angle in the sFAI group compared to CON. This result may be indicative of a gait adaptation based on the pain that sFAI subjects endure over a long period of time. Interestingly, the FAD group did not have obvious gait patterns similar to either the CON or sFAI, making it unclear if the asymptomatic cam deformity has any gait adaptation effects. Since no differences were observed between FAD and CON in squatting and walking, the actual bone deformity may not be the cause of restricted motion during daily activities as previously thought. Internal rotation physical examination appears to indicate potential restrictions in the FAD compared to CON, and may be the best parameter to assess differences between groups and predict the presence of cam deformity. It is suggested that the presence of pain, caused by soft tissue damage over time, may be confounding factors leading to the biomechanical and neuromuscular discrepancies observed in sFAI, and should be the next avenue of study.
39
Hawes, Martha, and Joseph O'Brien. "The transformation of spinal curvature into spinal deformity: pathological processes and implications for treatment." BioMed Central, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610249.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:This review summarizes what is known about the pathological processes (e.g. structural and functional changes), by which spinal curvatures develop and evolve into spinal deformities.METHODS:Comprehensive review of articles (English language only) published on 'scoliosis,' whose content yielded data on the pathological changes associated with spinal curvatures. Medline, Science Citation Index and other searches yielded > 10,000 titles each of which was surveyed for content related to 'pathology' and related terms such as 'etiology,' 'inheritance,' 'pathomechanism,' 'signs and symptoms.' Additional resources included all books published on 'scoliosis' and available through the Arizona Health Sciences Library, Interlibrary Loan, or through direct contact with the authors or publishers.RESULTS:A lateral curvature of the spine-'scoliosis'-can develop in association with postural imbalance due to genetic defects and injury as well as pain and scarring from trauma or surgery. Irrespective of the factor that triggers its appearance, a sustained postural imbalance can result, over time, in establishment of a state of continuous asymmetric loading relative to the spinal axis. Recent studies support the longstanding hypothesis that spinal deformity results directly from such postural imbalance, irrespective of the primary trigger, because the dynamics of growth within vertebrae are altered by continuous asymmetric mechanical loading. These data suggest that, as long as growth potential remains, evolution of a spinal curvature into a spinal deformity can be prevented by reversing the state of continuous asymmetric loading.CONCLUSION:Spinal curvatures can routinely be diagnosed in early stages, before pathological deformity of the vertebral elements is induced in response to asymmetric loading. Current clinical approaches involve 'watching and waiting' while mild reversible spinal curvatures develop into spinal deformities with potential to cause symptoms throughout life. Research to define patient-specific mechanics of spinal loading may allow quantification of a critical threshold at which curvature establishment and progression become inevitable, and thereby yield strategies to prevent development of spinal deformity.Even within the normal spine there is considerable flexibility with the possibility of producing many types of curves that can be altered during the course of normal movements. To create these curves during normal movement simply requires an imbalance of forces along the spine and, extending this concept a little further, a scoliotic curve is produced simply by a small but sustained imbalance of forces along the spine. In fact I would argue that no matter what you believe to be the cause of AIS, ultimately the problem can be reduced to the production of an imbalance of forces along the spine 1].
40
Smith, Brian A. "Computational Modeling to Assess Surgical Procedures for the Treatment of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4019.
Full textAbstract:
Several surgically corrective procedures are considered to treat Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (AAFD) patients, relieve pain, and restore function. Procedure selection is based on best practices and surgeon preference. Recent research created patient specific models of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (AAFD) to explore their predictive capabilities and examine effectiveness of the surgical procedure used to treat the deformity. The models’ behavior was governed solely by patient bodyweight, soft tissue constraints, and joint contact without the assumption of idealized joints. The current work expanded those models to determine if an alternate procedure would be more effective for the individual. These procedures included one hindfoot procedure, the Medializing Calcaneal Osteotomy (MCO), and one of three lateral column procedures: Evans osteotomy, Calcaneocuboid Distraction Arthrodesis (CCDA), Z osteotomy and the combination procedures MCO & Evans osteotomy, MCO & CCDA, and MCO & Z osteotomy all used in combination with a tendon transfer. The combination MCO & Evans and MCO & Z procedures were shown to provide the greatest amount of correction for both forefoot abduction and hindfoot valgus. However, these two procedures significantly increased the joint contact force, specifically at the calcaneocuboid joint, and ground reaction force along the lateral column. With exception to the lateral bands of the plantar fascia and middle spring ligament, the strain present in the plantar fascia, spring, and deltoid ligaments decreased after all procedures. The use of patient specific computational models provided the ability to investigate effects of alternate surgical corrections on restoring biomechanical function in flatfoot patients.
41
Wallace, Juanita Jean. "USING FOOT PRESSURE ANALYSIS TO PREDICT REOCCURRENCE OF DEFORMITY FOR CHILDREN WITH UNILATERAL CLUBFOOT." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/55.
Full textAbstract:
Reoccurrence of deformity can affect upwards of 64% of children with clubfoot. The ability to use foot function as a measure of reoccurrence has not been previously assessed. The purpose of this investigation was to utilize foot pressure analysis to predict the probability of reoccurrence in children with unilateral clubfoot. Retrospective foot pressure data revealed predictive algorithms detecting the probability of experiencing any type of reoccurrence (overall reoccurrence) and for experiencing a tibialis anterior tendon transfer (TATT). The equation for overall reoccurrence reported sensitivity and specificity of 0.82 and 0.81 and the equation for TATT reported values of 0.81 and 0.84.
These algorithms were then applied prospectively to a cohort of children with unilateral clubfoot. Interim sensitivity and specificity results at a 1.5-year follow-up demonstrate that the equations for overall reoccurrence and TATT were highly specific but not sensitive (0.84, 0.73 specificity; 0.11, 0 sensitivity). This is an indication that these algorithms were more accurate when identifying the absence of reoccurrence. However, these results may change as the prospective subjects continue to age.
Overall, the results of this investigation show that foot pressure analysis can predict the presence/absence of reoccurrence. The algorithms developed herein have the potential to improve long and short-term outcomes for children with clubfoot. Providing clinicians with the probability of reoccurrence will improve their ability to be proactive during the treatment decision making process.
42
Jones, Nathaniel Earl. "Real-time geometric motion blur for a deforming polygonal mesh." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/468.
Full textAbstract:
Motion blur is one important method for increasing the visual quality of real-time applications. This is increasingly true in the area of interactive applications, where designers often seek to add graphical flair or realism to their programs. These applications often have animated characters with a polygonal mesh wrapped around an animated skeleton; and as the skeleton moves the mesh deforms with it. This thesis presents a method for adding a geometric motion blur to a deforming polygonal mesh. The scheme presented tracks an object's motion silhouette, and uses this to create a polygonal mesh. When this mesh is added to the scene, it gives the appearance of a motion blur on a single object or particular character. The method is generic enough to work on nearly any type of moving polygonal model. Examples are given that show how the method could be expanded and how changes could be made to improve its performance.
43
Bradley, Derek. "Markerless 3D reconstruction of temporally deforming surfaces from multiple cameras." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25950.
Full textAbstract:
3D content generation is a major challenge in computer graphics, and generating realistic objects with time-varying shape and motion is a big part of creating realistic virtual environments. An attractive approach for generating content is to acquire the shape of real objects using computer vision techniques. Capturing the real world avoids the complexity of mathematical simulation as well as the time-consuming and difficult process of creating content manually.
Traditional acquisition methods, such as range scanning, work well for static objects. However, temporally deformable objects like garments and human faces pose greater challenges. Here, the capture process must reconstruct both the time-varying shape as well as the motion of the object. Additionally, per-frame texture maps should be acquired for realistic rendering. Previous methods contain various limitations, such as the use of structured illumination patterns, or hand-placed markers on the surface in order to guide the reconstruction. Placing markers on garments limits the types of garments that can be captured. Both markers and structured light on human faces limit the ability to capture high-quality per-frame texture maps, which are essential for reconstructing performance-specific details such as sweating, wrinkles and blood flow.
In this thesis we propose new, entirely passive techniques for advancing the state-of-the-art in 3D reconstruction of temporally deformable surfaces. We reconstruct high-resolution, temporally compatible geometry using multiple video cameras, without the need for either markers or structured light patterns.
This thesis contains several contributions, both in computer graphics as well as computer vision. We start with new methods for multi-camera calibration and synchronization, which allow us to employ inexpensive consumer video cameras for reconstruction. We also present a novel technique for multi-view stereo reconstruction, capable of building high-resolution geometric meshes from a number of images. Finally, we combine these ideas and provide two inexpensive solutions for high-resolution 3D reconstruction of temporally deforming surfaces without the need for markers. The first is an application for capturing the shape and motion of garments, and the second is a new method for acquiring facial performances of actors. These new techniques have the potential for high impact in the film and video game industries.
44
Li, Xi-Kui. "Multiphase flow in deforming porous media : a finite element approach." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542610.
Full text
45
Tai, Anna On-No. "Simulating flow around deforming bodies with an element boundary method." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.524058.
Full text
46
Welter, Philippe [Verfasser]. "Outcome nach operativer Intervention bei Charcot-Fuß-Deformität / Philippe Welter." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237750792/34.
Full text
47
Шевченко, Володимир Порфирович, Владимир Порфирьевич Шевченко, Volodymyr Porfyrovych Shevchenko, and І. С. Кисельов. "Хвороба Маделунга." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5027.
Full text
48
Entrekin, Dean Allen. "On the Geometric Characterization of the Lenke Classification Scheme for Idiopathic Scoliosis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9957.
Full textAbstract:
Current methods for treating and diagnosing spinal deformities caused by scoliosis are both surgically intensive and rarely allow for complete correction. This is mainly due to the fact that the diagnostic techniques used are rough estimates made by angles defined by observations of 2-D radiographs. By utilizing the latest software, our research is based on designing a tool that creates a 3-D representation of the spine. When creating a three-dimensional spinal model, it becomes possible to determine local curvature and local torsion values at each specific vertebrae. By manipulating these values at discrete locations on the spine, one can generate "virtual" spines in a three-dimensional environment.
The Scoliosis Learning Tool includes algorithmic steps that determine the Lenke Classification of the "virtual" spines. The Lenke Classification is the most commonly accepted method for diagnosing spinal deformities.
This patient building program will produce a group of spines with random values for curvature, torsion and initial spinal orientation. An algorithm within the software determines the Lenke Classification of each, and discards any curves that appear unnatural. By defining a metric that places an emphasis on certain geometric similarities, the software is able to define diameters of classification groups and separations between different classification groups. In turn it is possible to determine minor to major differences between spines within the same classification. In doing so, the opportunity exists to possibly find an undiscovered deformity that had previously fallen under another classification category.Master of Science
49
Herman, Kazibwe. "Barriers experienced by parents/caregivers of children with clubfoot deformity attending specific clinics in Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9901_1194348551.
Full textAbstract:
Clubfoot is the most common congenital structural deformity that leads to physical impairments in children in many poor developing countries. Inadequately treated or neglected clubfoot has been found to be a common cause of ohysical disability globally among children and young growing adults. Many children are referred to the clinics for treatment but some parents do not comply with the treatment regimen whcih requires attending for consecutive treatment sessions. The purpose of this study was to investigate barriers to treatment attendance parents/caregivers of children with clubfoot encounter in complying with clubfoot treatment during the plaster csting phase in Uganda.
50
Wai, Eugene Kenneth. "The relationship between spinal deformity and physical disability in children with spina bifida and scoliosis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0005/MQ45922.pdf.
Full text