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Journal articles on the topic 'Degenerative disc disease'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

R.Ya, Abdullaiev. "Ultrasonic Imaging of Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease." Spinal Diseases and Research 2, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/jsdr.2019/016.

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2

Bhanushali, Riya. "Regeneration Potential of Stem Cell in the Treatment of IVD." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 3022–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37908.

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Abstract: Degenerative disc disease is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder in which damaged spinal discs cause pain upon aging, accidental injuries. Spinal discs connect adjacent vertebrae and help in maintaining mobility, flexibility and rotation of spinal cord. Spinal discs also act as shock absorbers. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is often associated with low back and neck pain, which accounts for disability worldwide. Physical therapy, spinal fusion surgeries reduce severity and symptoms of degenerative disc disease but they are not complete cure for this disease. Current preclinical studies show that mesenchymal stem cells have the capacity to repair degenerative disks by differentiation to chondrocyte-like cells, which produce proteoglycans and type II collagen. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) and umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) show potential use in cartilage and intervertebral disc (IVD) repair. Regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy hold great promise for treatment of intervertebral disc (IVD) disease. This review discusses about progression of degenerative disc disease, various types of stem cells, potential use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. This review also focuses upon challenges encountered by the application of stem cell therapy for treating degenerative disc disease as well as future perspectives. Keywords: IVD, Stem cell therapy, AF & NP cells, MSCs, Scaffolds, Cell therapy
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3

Abdullaiev, R. Ya, K. M. Ibragimova, I. H. Mamedov, and R. R. Abdullaiev. "DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE IN YOUNG PEOPLE. MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES." International Medical Journal, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2020-1-10.

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Degenerative changes of intervertebral discs is a very complicated process as a result of interaction of many factors: genetic, environmental, physical activity. Abnormalities in the vertebrae structure create the preconditions for the overload of the vertebral motor segment, which contributes to the spread of degenerative lesions and increases the risk of spinal injuries. Degenerative disc disease is one of the most common causes of back pain. The process of degeneration begins at a young age and in adulthood it often becomes widespread with a predominance of one or another localization. Methods of medical imaging occupy an important place in diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathologies. Radiography assesses the changes only in bone structures, but does not allow the visualization of soft tissues, which include not only the ligaments of the vertebral motor segment, but also the intervertebral discs. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most effective method for diagnosing degenerative changes in intervertebral discs. Possibilities of ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of early stage degenerative disc disease have not been studied enough. There were examined 147 patients aged 18−27 years with clinical and neurological signs of degenerative disease of cervical and lumbar spinal discs. Ultrasonic semiotics showed changes within the pulpal nucleus as an increased echogenicity and displacement back towards the fibrous ring, fibrous ring thinning, which indicated the disc protrusion. In patients with pain in neck and lower back, fragmentary imaging of the fibrous ring and prolapse of the disc contents into the lumen of spinal canal, indicating the development of hernias was found. The presence of herniated discs of cervical and lumbar spine in all cases coincided with the results of magnetic resonance imaging, and protrusion did in 91,4 % of cases. Thus, among medical imaging the ultrasonography is the most accessible and informative method for diagnosing degenerative changes in intervertebral discs of cervical and lumbar spine. Key words: degenerative disc disease, ultrasonography, cervical and lumbar intervertebral discs.
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4

Battié, Michele C., Anand B. Joshi, and Laura E. Gibbons. "Degenerative Disc Disease." SPINE 44, no. 21 (November 2019): 1523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000003103.

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5

Milette, P. C. "Degenerative Disc Disease." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 16, no. 5 (October 2003): 759–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090301600514.

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6

EVEN-SAPIR, EINAT, and ROBERT H. MARTIN. "Degenerative Disc Disease." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 19, no. 5 (May 1994): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199405000-00002.

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7

Dehn, Tom. "Degenerative Disc Disease: Disc Replacement." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 1 (January 2007): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588407x160792.

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8

Alkhasawneh, Mahmoud H., Asma’a Al-Mnayyis, and Yazeed Bagain. "Spinal Degeneration and Degenerative Disc Disease correlation identified with Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2149.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the golden standard technique for spine disc disease diagnosis. Vertebral body endplate signal intensity on MRI is confirming lumber spine degenerative disc disease.The study aimed to record the lumbar spine degenerative relation between disc and diseaseusing magnetic resonance imaging. Our prospective and double blind investigation included 142 participants,having lumbar spine degenerativedisease confirmed by MRI. Pfirrmann score was used to record the relation between lumbar spine disc degeneration and lumbar spine degenerative disease. Modic modifications with the Pfirrmann and modified Pfirrmann scores of disc degeneration were assessed.Lumbar spine MRI was done for all participants using sagittal T1 and T2 WI. Modic was scored (0-III) The Pfirrmann scored I-V for disc degeneration. Lumbar disc degeneration was evaluated by modified Pfirrmann scoring from 1-8 according to signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus and inner annulus.Modic was recorded in 41.5%, 24.6%, 32.4% and 1.4% of participants with scores 0, I, II and III, respectively. Pfirrmann score was 13.4%, 73.9% and 12.7% of disc degeneration with scores III, IV and V, respectively, while,the modified Pfirrmann score was 2.1%, 15.5%, 38.7%, 26.8% and 16.9% of disc degeneration with scores of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively. The modified Pfirrmann score showed notableinconsistencyin participants with Modic 0, I and II, but no difference between Modic I and II.There was significant relation between Modicand lumbar spine disc degeneration. In conclusion, there is a relation between Modic, Pfirrmann and modified Pfirrmann scores of lumbar spine disc degeneration in participants with lumbar spine degenerative disease.
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9

Gul, Nadia, Khalid Mehmood, and Muhammad Ikram. "RETROSPECTIVE DATA REVIEW TO FIND THE ASSOCIATION OF LUMBOSACRAL TRANSITIONAL VERTEBRA AND DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE IN YOUNG PATIENTS." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 70, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): 1734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v70i6.3997.

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Objective: To find out the frequency of lumbar disc degeneration among the patients having lumbosacraltransitional vertebra between 20-40 years. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Radiology department POF Wah Cantt, from Jan 2018 to Dec 2019. Methodology: Six Hundred patients between 20-40 years having lumbosacral transitional vertebra and historyof low back pain >1 year were studied. X ray and MRI lumbar spine of these patients was studied retrospectivelyon PACS. Two hundred patients having history of traumatic or other non-traumatic etiologies, in addition toLumbosacral transitional vertebra were excluded. Four hundred patients with only lumbosacral transitionalvertebra were included. Data analysis was done by SPSS-22. Castellvi types of transitional vertebra was calculated among patients with degenerative lumbar disc. Results: One hundred and four (26.6%) were having degenerative disc disease while 296 (74.4%) patients werenot having degenerative disc disease. Patients having degenerative disc disease were between 24-40 years withthe mean age 29.96 ± 0.417 years. Among the patients having degenerative disc disease were 59 women and45 males but no statistical significance association was found between gender and degenerative disc disease with p-value = 0.55. Castellvi type III had significant association with degenerative disc disease, p-value = 0.006. Conclusion: Age related disc degeneration is commonly seen in middle age people but in younger age group in2nd and 3rd decade it is observed frequently in those patients having lumbosacral transitional vertebra especially in the setting of no other associated traumatic or non-traumatic etiology, which leads to early degenerative disc disease.
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10

Taher, Fadi, David Essig, Darren R. Lebl, Alexander P. Hughes, Andrew A. Sama, Frank P. Cammisa, and Federico P. Girardi. "Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease: Current and Future Concepts of Diagnosis and Management." Advances in Orthopedics 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/970752.

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Low back pain as a result of degenerative disc disease imparts a large socioeconomic impact on the health care system. Traditional concepts for treatment of lumbar disc degeneration have aimed at symptomatic relief by limiting motion in the lumbar spine, but novel treatment strategies involving stem cells, growth factors, and gene therapy have the theoretical potential to prevent, slow, or even reverse disc degeneration. Understanding the pathophysiological basis of disc degeneration is essential for the development of treatment strategies that target the underlying mechanisms of disc degeneration rather than the downstream symptom of pain. Such strategies ideally aim to induce disc regeneration or to replace the degenerated disc. However, at present, treatment options for degenerative disc disease remain suboptimal, and development and outcomes of novel treatment options currently have to be considered unpredictable.
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11

Tomé-Bermejo, Félix, Julián A. Morales-Valencia, Javier Moreno-Pérez, Juan Marfil-Pérez, Elena Díaz-Dominguez, Angel R. Piñera, and Luis Alvarez. "Degenerative Cervical Disc Disease." Clinical Spine Surgery 30, no. 5 (June 2017): E648—E655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000000293.

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12

PELETTI-FIGUEIRÓ, MANUELA, ISRAEL SILVEIRA DE AGUIAR, SUELEN PAESI, DENISE CANTARELLI MACHADO, SERGIO ECHEVERRIGARAY, MARIANA ROESCH-ELY, ASDRUBAL FALAVIGNA, and JOÃO ANTONIO PÊGAS HENRIQUES. "HISTOLOGICAL MARKERS OF DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION OF THE HUMAN INTERVERTEBRAL DISK." Coluna/Columna 16, no. 1 (January 2017): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120171601170833.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To define histological scores for intervertebral disc degeneration that would enable the definition of morphological characteristics of disease, besides improving knowledge of the lumbar degenerative disc disease by means of immunohistochemical markers. Methods: Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian/PAS, Masson Trichrome and Safranin O/FCF staining was used on the intervertebral disc degeneration sections of patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease. The protein markers defined in immunohistochemistry were cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (p53). Results: The study data enabled the determination of Safranin O/FCF stain as the most effective one for evaluating parameters such as area, diameter, and number of chondrocyte clusters. The importance of using stains in association, such as Safranin O/FCF, Masson Trichrome, Alcian/PAS and Hematoxylin and Eosin, was also determined, as they are complementary for the histopathological verification of intervertebral disc degeneration. By expressing proteins using the immunohistochemistry technique, it was possible to consider two stages of disc degeneration: cell proliferation with chondrocyte cluster formation, and induction of apoptosis. Conclusion: This study enabled the histological and immunohistochemical characterization to be determined for lumbar degenerative disc disease, and its degrees of evolution, by determining new disc degeneration scores.
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13

Zhang, Yue-Hui, Wen-Ji Shangguan, Zhi-Jun Zhao, Fu-Chao Zhou, Hai-Tao Liu, Zhi-Hui Liang, Jia Song, and Jiang Shao. "Naringin Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by Cyclic Stretch in Rat Annular Cells and Partially Attenuates Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting the ROS/NF-κB Pathway." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (February 23, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6179444.

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Oxidative stress and apoptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of various degenerative diseases. Previous studies have shown that naringin can exert therapeutic effects in multiple degenerative diseases by resisting oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis. Although naringin is effective in treating degenerative disc disease, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of naringin on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) induced by cyclic stretch and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Abnormal cyclic stretch was applied to rat annulus fibrosus cells, which were then treated with naringin, to observe the effects of naringin on apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and the nuclear factor- (NF-) κB signaling pathway. Subsequently, a rat model of IVDD induced by dynamic and static imbalance was established to evaluate the effects of naringin on the degree of degeneration (using imaging and histology), apoptosis, and oxidative stress in the serum and the intervertebral disc. Naringin inhibited the cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis of annulus fibrosus cells, reduced oxidative stress, improved mitochondrial function, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, and suppressed the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, it reduced the degree of IVDD (evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging) and the level of oxidative stress and inhibited apoptosis and p-P65 expression in the intervertebral discs of rats. Thus, naringin can inhibit cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis and delay IVDD, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Naringin may be an effective drug for treating degenerative disc disease.
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14

Choi, Yong-Soo. "Pathophysiology of Degenerative Disc Disease." Asian Spine Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/asj.2009.3.1.39.

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15

Hemanta, Dhungana, Xiao-xing Jiang, Zhen-zhou Feng, Zi-xian Chen, and Yuan-wu Cao. "Etiology for Degenerative Disc Disease." Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 31, no. 3 (September 2016): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1001-9294(16)30049-9.

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16

Zafar, Khadija, Narjis Batool, Abid Ali, Nosheen Arshad, Waqar Mahmood Dar, and Adrash Naeem. "Frequency of Lumber Disc Degenerative Diseases in Patients with and Without Radiculopathy and Low Back Pain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Pakistan BioMedical Journal 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i1.279.

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Degenerative lumbar disc disease is a condition in which an intervertebral disk and surrounding spinal components are weakened. This might be due to age or a pathogenic cause. Individuals may complain of low back pain. Objective: To determine the pattern of lumbar spine and disc degenerative diseases amongst patients having or not having Low Back Pain with or without radiculopathy diagnosed on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Methods: Data was collected following inclusion criteria using convenient sampling technique. A total of 266 Patients undergone Lumber MRI scans on MRI Machine 1.5T Phillips. Data was collected from Radiology Department of Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Age Groups, Gender frequencies were mentioned. Cross Tabulation of Lumber Disc Degenerative Diseases with age and Gender was done and Chi square was applied. P-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The most prevalent age group for disc degeneration was 40-59 having 56.8 %. Females with disc degeneration have the highest frequency of 143 (53.8%) while males were 123 (48.2%). Lumber Disc degeneration was 101 (38%), Disc Herniation 54 (20.3%), and last with lowest presence of Spinal Canal Stenosis 18 (6.8%). Patients with Radiculopathy with Low back Pain was 61 (22.93%) and only LBP was the most common between the patients having 205 (77.1%). Cross Tabulation of Age Groups with Lumber Disc Pathologies was Significant having P value 0.05. Conclusion: In conclusion MRI can detect Disc Degeneration, Disc Herniation & Buldges, and Spinal Canal Stenosis & Nerve Root Compression. It can be considered significant and accurate to avoid any other interventional procedures. It is also concluded the LBP is an important factor in Disc Degenerative changes & radiculopathy is less seen.
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17

Saleem, Shafaq, Hafiz Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Asim khan Rehmani, Aisha Raees, Arsalan Ahmad Alvi, and Junaid Ashraf. "Lumbar Disc Degenerative Disease: Disc Degeneration Symptoms and Magnetic Resonance Image Findings." Asian Spine Journal 7, no. 4 (2013): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/asj.2013.7.4.322.

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18

Diwan, AshishD, and ArvindG Kulkarni. "Prosthetic Lumbar disc replacement for degenerative disc disease." Neurology India 53, no. 4 (2005): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.22620.

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19

Munigangaiah, Sudarshan, and John P. McCabe. "Anterior Cervical Disc Replacement for Degenerative Disc Disease." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 22, no. 3 (December 2014): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/230949901402200320.

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20

Salaam, AJ, SM Danjem, AA Salaam, and AE Ogbu. "Overview of Lumbosacral MRI Findings in Jos University Teaching Hospital." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 3 (December 6, 2019): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/2i3.2019128.

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Lumbosacral conditions are common disorders involving the soft tissues and bones of the low back. They may be due to underlying pathologies such as slipped disc, low back pain, TB spine, paraplegia, spinal tumour, degenerative disc disease, lumbosacral spondylosis, cord compression syndrome, traumatic spinal cord injury, caudaequina or fractures of any part of the vertebrae below T12 down to the gluteal fold. Degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease and exit nerve root compression are common findings in the MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions. The MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions seen between 2016 and 2017 were evaluated for the study. The features assessed were degenerative disc diseases, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression, spinal cord contusion/injury, Pott's disease and lumbar spondylolisthesis. myelitis, lumbar spondylosis with degenerative disc disease, as well as lumbar fracture were also assessed. A total of 233 patients with lumbosacral pathologies were included in this study. There were 132 (56.7%) males and 101 (43.3%) females. Of all the patients with radiculopathies, patients with low back pain as the major indication constituted 23.2%, followed by those with lumbosacral spondylosis (19.3%), paraplegia (15.5%) and slipped disc (13.7%), while patients with caudaequina and spinal tumour represented 2.6% and 1.7% respectively. Degenerative disc disease was the most common finding representing 38.2% patients, followed by lumbar spondylosis (14.6%) and degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression (14.2%). Lumbar fracture was the least common finding in 1.3% of patients with lumbosacral conditions. MRI can be used to identify pathologies of lumbosacral tissues in a non-invasive manner. There was a high prevalence of radiculopathies in the lumbosacral spine of patients.
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21

Salaam, AJ, SM Danjem, AA Salaam, and AE Ogbu. "Overview of Lumbosacral MRI Findings in Jos University Teaching Hospital." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 3 (December 6, 2019): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.128.

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Lumbosacral conditions are common disorders involving the soft tissues and bones of the low back. They may be due to underlying pathologies such as slipped disc, low back pain, TB spine, paraplegia, spinal tumour, degenerative disc disease, lumbosacral spondylosis, cord compression syndrome, traumatic spinal cord injury, caudaequina or fractures of any part of the vertebrae below T12 down to the gluteal fold. Degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease and exit nerve root compression are common findings in the MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions. The MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions seen between 2016 and 2017 were evaluated for the study. The features assessed were degenerative disc diseases, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression, spinal cord contusion/injury, Pott's disease and lumbar spondylolisthesis. myelitis, lumbar spondylosis with degenerative disc disease, as well as lumbar fracture were also assessed. A total of 233 patients with lumbosacral pathologies were included in this study. There were 132 (56.7%) males and 101 (43.3%) females. Of all the patients with radiculopathies, patients with low back pain as the major indication constituted 23.2%, followed by those with lumbosacral spondylosis (19.3%), paraplegia (15.5%) and slipped disc (13.7%), while patients with caudaequina and spinal tumour represented 2.6% and 1.7% respectively. Degenerative disc disease was the most common finding representing 38.2% patients, followed by lumbar spondylosis (14.6%) and degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression (14.2%). Lumbar fracture was the least common finding in 1.3% of patients with lumbosacral conditions. MRI can be used to identify pathologies of lumbosacral tissues in a non-invasive manner. There was a high prevalence of radiculopathies in the lumbosacral spine of patients.
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22

Salaam, AJ, SM Danjem, AA Salaam, and AE Ogbu. "Overview of Lumbosacral MRI Findings in Jos University Teaching Hospital." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 3 (December 6, 2019): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.v2.i3.2019.128.

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Lumbosacral conditions are common disorders involving the soft tissues and bones of the low back. They may be due to underlying pathologies such as slipped disc, low back pain, TB spine, paraplegia, spinal tumour, degenerative disc disease, lumbosacral spondylosis, cord compression syndrome, traumatic spinal cord injury, caudaequina or fractures of any part of the vertebrae below T12 down to the gluteal fold. Degenerative disc disease, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease and exit nerve root compression are common findings in the MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions. The MRI scan of patients with lumbosacral conditions seen between 2016 and 2017 were evaluated for the study. The features assessed were degenerative disc diseases, lumbar spondylosis, degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression, spinal cord contusion/injury, Pott's disease and lumbar spondylolisthesis. myelitis, lumbar spondylosis with degenerative disc disease, as well as lumbar fracture were also assessed. A total of 233 patients with lumbosacral pathologies were included in this study. There were 132 (56.7%) males and 101 (43.3%) females. Of all the patients with radiculopathies, patients with low back pain as the major indication constituted 23.2%, followed by those with lumbosacral spondylosis (19.3%), paraplegia (15.5%) and slipped disc (13.7%), while patients with caudaequina and spinal tumour represented 2.6% and 1.7% respectively. Degenerative disc disease was the most common finding representing 38.2% patients, followed by lumbar spondylosis (14.6%) and degenerative disc disease with exit nerve root compression (14.2%). Lumbar fracture was the least common finding in 1.3% of patients with lumbosacral conditions. MRI can be used to identify pathologies of lumbosacral tissues in a non-invasive manner. There was a high prevalence of radiculopathies in the lumbosacral spine of patients.
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23

Cazzanelli, Petra, and Karin Wuertz-Kozak. "MicroRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Mechanobiology." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 3601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103601.

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Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a multifactorial pathological process associated with low back pain, the leading cause of years lived in disability worldwide. Key characteristics of the pathological changes connected with degenerative disc disease (DDD) are the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and senescence, as well as inflammation. The impact of nonphysiological mechanical stresses on IVD degeneration and inflammation, the mechanisms of mechanotransduction, and the role of mechanosensitive miRNAs are of increasing interest. As post-transcriptional regulators, miRNAs are known to affect the expression of 30% of protein-coding genes and numerous intracellular processes. The dysregulation of miRNAs is therefore associated with various pathologies, including degenerative diseases such as DDD. This review aims to give an overview of the current status of miRNA research in degenerative disc pathology, with a special focus on the involvement of miRNAs in ECM degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, as well as mechanobiology.
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24

Hanaei, Sara, Sina Abdollahzade, Alireza Khoshnevisan, Christopher K. Kepler, and Nima Rezaei. "Genetic aspects of intervertebral disc degeneration." Reviews in the Neurosciences 26, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 581–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2014-0077.

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AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the common causes of low back pain. Similar to many other multifactorial diseases, it is affected by environmental and genetic factors. Although not completely understood, genetic factors include a wide spectrum of variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, which could play a significant role in the etiology of this disease. Besides, the interactions with environmental factors could make the role of genetic factors more complicated. Genetic variations in disc components could participate in developing degenerative disc disease through altering the normal homeostasis of discs. Gene polymorphisms in disc proteins (collagens I, II, III, IX, and XI), proteoglycans (aggrecan), cytokines (interleukins I, VI, and X), enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases II, III, and IX), and vitamin D receptor seem to play considerable roles in the pathology of this disease. There are also many other investigated genes that could somehow take part in the process. However, it seems that more studies are needed to clarify the exact role of genetics in IVDD.
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Krivoschein, A. E., V. P. Konev, S. V. Kolesov, S. A. Erofeev, S. N. Moskovskiy, and V. A. Byvaltsev. "Comprehensive analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine using rigid fixation systems." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 7, no. 4 (September 2, 2022): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2022-7.4.8.

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Introduction. According to the literature, the development of adjacent-level syndrome 10 years after posterior rigid stabilization is noted in 6.7–80 % of patients, of which 24 % require revision surgery.The aim: to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine using rigid fixation systems.Materials and methods. A multicenter retrospective study of the results of surgical treatment of 268 patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the lumbar spine, who underwent mono- or bisegmental decompression-stabilizing intervention with the implementation of the TLIF (Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion) technique and open transpedicular rigid fixation, was conducted. The study included radiography, MRI and CT (in 2-energy mode) of intervertebral discs and isolated facet degeneration of the upper adjacent level.Results and discussion. The combination of the initial degeneration of the adjacent spinal motion segment in the form of disc degeneration of grade III and higher according to Pfirrmann with threshold values of the density of the outer cartilaginous plate from 161.7 ± 18.8 to 164.8 ± 14.2 HU, the density of the outer facet – from 702.43 ± 12.3 to 713.65 ± 13.6 HU and the density of the inner facet – from 580.5 ± 11.6 to 582.1 ± 15.1 HU, as well as with signs of segmental instability of the adjacent segment can be considered as risk factors for the development of its degeneration. With the progression of degeneration of the upper intervertebral disc, revision interventions were performed within 12–60 months after surgery.Conclusion. Bisegmental stabilization with signs of initial degeneration in the intervertebral disc and facet joints in the upper segment has proven its clinical and instrumental effectiveness in the period of 36 months and reduces the risks of developing degenerative disease of the adjacent disc.
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26

Guiot, Bernard H., and Richard G. Fessler. "Molecular Biology of Degenerative Disc Disease." Neurosurgery 47, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): 1034–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200011000-00003.

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Abstract THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC is a complex anatomic and biochemical structure. It is composed primarily of fibrocytes and chondrocytes that are anatomically segregated in an elaborate avascular macromolecular matrix of collagen and proteoglycans. Degenerative processes associated with aging and trauma result in morphological and molecular changes to the disc. Morphological changes are observed as dehydration, fissuring, and tearing of the nucleus, annulus, and endplates. On the molecular level, degenerative changes include decreased diffusion, decreased cell viability, decreased proteoglycan synthesis, and alteration in collagen distribution. The role of inflammatory mediators in these processes, and the potential use of growth factors to delay or reverse the degenerative cascade, is poorly understood. However, these areas are under active investigation, the results of which may soon contribute significantly to our understanding of degenerative disc disease.
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Umar, Muhammad, Syed Zoherul Alam, Zamil Zaidur Rahim, Mohammad Saifur Rahman, and Nahid Akhter. "Magnetic Resonance Image Findings in Radicular Low Back Pain." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 17, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v17i2.58367.

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Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is the most common symptom associated with degenerative disc disease. Common causes of radicular low back pain are narrowing of the space where nerve roots exit the spine, which can be result of stenosis or disc herniation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the key investigation for diagnosis of radicular LBP. Objective: To find the association between radicular low back pain and MRI findings of degenerative disc disease. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, from January to June 2018. A total of 128 patients with LBP with or without radiculopathy were included in the study. Lumbosacral MRI was carried out in all patients. Results: One third (34.4%) of the patients had LBP with radiculopathy. A substantial proportion (68%) of patients had history of trauma to back-bone. Majority (97.7%) of the patients had disc degeneration. Approximately 72% had nerve-root compression and over three-quarters (76.6%) had spinal canal stenosis. Radiculopathy was significantly associated with past history of trauma to the back-bone (p < 0.01) and history of loadbearing (p < 0.001). Signs of degenerative disease were evident as Modic changes in 80.5%, disc displacement in 100% and disc herniation in 75%. All degenerative lesions were predominantly found at L4/L5. Highly significant (p <0.001) association of radiculopathy with Modic changes, disc herniation, nerve root compression and spinal canal stenosis was found. Conclusion: Signs of degenerative disc disease are significantly associated with radicular low back pain. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 17, No 2 (December) 2021: 47-51
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Dupré, Derrick A., Daniel J. Cook, J. Brad Bellotte, Michael Y. Oh, Donald Whiting, and Boyle C. Cheng. "Disc nucleus fortification for lumbar degenerative disc disease: a biomechanical study." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 5 (May 2016): 708–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.8.spine141043.

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OBJECTIVE Spinal stability is attributed in part to osteoligamentous structures, including the vertebral body, facets, intervertebral discs, and posterior elements. The materials in this study provide an opportunity to augment the degenerated nucleus without removing native disc material, a procedure introduced here as “fortification.” The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nucleus fortification on lumbar disc biomechanics. METHODS The authors performed in vitro analysis of human cadaveric functional spinal units (FSUs), along with characterization and quantification of movement of the units using biomechanical data in intact, disc-only, and fortified specimens. The units underwent removal of all posterior elements and annulus and were fortified by injecting a biogel into the nucleus pulposus. Each specimen was subjected to load testing, range of motion (ROM) quantification, and disc bulge measurements. Optoelectric tracking was used to quantify disc bulge. These criteria were assessed in the intact, disc-only, and fortified treatments. RESULTS Disc-only FSUs resulted in increased ROM when compared with intact and fortified conditions. Fortification of the FSU resulted in partial restoration of normal ROM in the treatment groups. Analysis of hysteresis loops showed more linear response in the fortified groups when compared with the intact and disc-only groups. CONCLUSIONS Disc nucleus fortification increases linearity and decreases ROM.
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Alexanyan, M. M., A. G. Aganesov, E. L. Pogosyan, T. M. Mrugova, M. A. Chukina, A. G. Ivanova, and E. G. Gemdzhian. "The role of infectious pathogens in etiopathogenesis of degenerative intervertebral disc disease." Hirurgiâ pozvonočnika (Spine Surgery) 17, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14531/ss2020.2.23-30.

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Objective. To analyze the presence of infectious pathogens in the intervertebral disc tissues as possible pathogenetic factor in the development of degenerative diseases of the spine. Material and Method. In 2017–2018, a prospective exploratory research was conducted, which included 64 patients with degenerative disease of the spine who met the following inclusion criteria: the presence of clinically and instrumentally proven hernias of the intervertebral discs in the lumbosacral spine, the absence of a history of surgical interventions on the spine, non-intake of antibacterial drugs for the year before surgery, and Modic I and /or II type changes on MRI. All patients underwent interventions with sampling of intervertebral disc material; a total of 80 discs were examined. The obtained materials were subjected to microbiological and histopathological studies.Results. Out of 64 patients, only 1 (1.6 %) revealed the presence of bacterial flora in the intervertebral disc tissue (Propionibacterium acnes strain). It can be assumed that the identified bacterial flora is the result of contamination. It is also possible that the infectious agent joined already during the development of degenerative disease of the spine. If the bacterial flora was a pathogenetic factor, then it can be assumed that the pathogenesis of the disease is polyetiological and includes the infectious process as a rare event.Conclusions. Given the high interest of specialists in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases, it seems appropriate to conduct further studies in this direction using various laboratory diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Byvaltsev, V. A., I. A. Stepanov, A. A. Kalinin, M. A. Aliyev, B. M. Aglakov, B. R. Yusupov, and V. V. Shepelev. "TOTAL ARTHROPLASTY AND ANTERIOR CERVICAL DISCECTOMY WITH FIXATION: LONG-TERM RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL." Hirurgiâ pozvonočnika 16, no. 1 (March 16, 2019): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14531/ss2019.1.48-56.

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Objective.To perform comparative analysis of the long-term results of using the methods of total cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in the surgical treatment of patients with single-level degenerative diseases of cervical intervertebral discs.Material and Methods.The study included 186 patients aged 21–60 years. Independent sequential randomization (1:1) of 173 patients was performed using software. The following parameters were used to evaluate patients: the VAS score of pain syndrome severity in the cervical spine and upper extremities, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) score of the quality of life, the amplitude of movements of the operated segment, the frequency of adjacent discs degeneration and of repeated surgical interventions and adverse events.Results.In the long-term follow-up, the best clinical outcomes according to VAS and NDI data were recorded in patients from the CDA group. Their amplitude of movements in the segment remained in the physiological volume. In the ACDF group, a complete fusion was verified in 83 (93.3 %) cases. A significantly higher degree of degenerative disease of superjacent intervertebral discs was revealed in ACDF group (p < 0.01), while no significant degenerative changes were recorded in the subjacent discs (p > 0.05). The number of intraoperative and early postoperative complications did not have a statistically significant intergroup difference (p > 0.05). Symptomatic degeneration of adjacent segments was verified in 2 (2.4 %) respondents from the CDA group and in 8 (9.0 %) from the ACDF group (p < 0.001). Symptomatic adverse effects were found in 3 (3.6 %) CDA patients in the form of heterotopic ossification and in 6 (6.7 %) ACDF patients in the form of pseudoarthrosis.Conclusions.The operations of total disc arthroplasty (CDA) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) are safe and effective methods of surgical treatment of patients with single-level degenerative diseases of cervical intervertebral discs. In CDA patients, significantly better clinical results were noted, as compared with the ACDF group. The CDA method allowed preserving the normal biomechanics of the cervical spine and preventing the development of degenerative disease of adjacent segments.
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Modic, Michael T. "DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE AND BACK PAIN." Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 7, no. 3 (August 1999): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1064-9689(21)00570-5.

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Gologorsky, Yakov, and John Chi. "Bisphosphonate Therapy for Degenerative Disc Disease?" Neurosurgery 73, no. 4 (October 2013): N12—N13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000435113.33768.2d.

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&NA;. "Spinal Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease." Back Letter 28, no. 4 (April 2013): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.back.0000429078.02141.6f.

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Sobajima, S., JS Kim, LG Gilbertson, and JD Kang. "Gene therapy for degenerative disc disease." Gene Therapy 11, no. 4 (January 15, 2004): 390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302200.

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35

Lu, K. "DIAM Implantation for Degenerative Disc Disease." Global Spine Journal 4, no. 1_suppl (May 2014): s—0034–1376722—s—0034–1376722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1376722.

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36

Hasz, Michael W. "Diagnostic Testing for Degenerative Disc Disease." Advances in Orthopedics 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/413913.

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The diagnostic of degenerative disc disease should be reached with the help of various diagnostic studies. This article briefly review the information gained by the following tests: radiographs, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and discography. The article explains how each modality provides a piece of the diagnostic puzzle and how discography confirms the origin of the patient’s pain.
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37

Narayan, Prithvi, and Regis W. Haid. "Treatment of degenerative cervical disc disease." Neurologic Clinics 19, no. 1 (February 2001): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70014-1.

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38

Zhang, Yejia, Howard S. An, Chadi Tannoury, Eugene J. M. A. Thonar, Mitchell K. Freedman, and D. Greg Anderson. "Biological Treatment for Degenerative Disc Disease." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 87, no. 9 (September 2008): 694–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817c1945.

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39

Greenough, C. G. "Degenerative disc and vertebral disease – clinical." Surgery (Oxford) 27, no. 7 (July 2009): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2009.04.010.

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40

Manelfe, C. "New Insights in Degenerative Disc Disease." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 14, no. 2 (April 2001): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090101400210.

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41

Simmons, Edward D., Madhuri Guntupalli, Joseph M. Kowalski, Felix Braun, and Thomas Seidel. "Familial Predisposition for Degenerative Disc Disease." Spine 21, no. 13 (July 1996): 1527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199607010-00007.

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42

Scotti, G., C. Righi, S. Pieralli, and A. Falini. "Disc Disease and Degenerative Spine: Cervical." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 5, no. 2_suppl (May 1992): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009920050s207.

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43

Carrino, John A., and William B. Morrison. "Imaging of lumbar degenerative disc disease." Seminars in Spine Surgery 15, no. 4 (December 2003): 361–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/s1040-7383(03)00070-4.

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44

Farshad-Amacker, Nadja A., Mazda Farshad, Anna Winklehner, and Gustav Andreisek. "MR imaging of degenerative disc disease." European Journal of Radiology 84, no. 9 (September 2015): 1768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.04.002.

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45

Cheng, Theresa M., Michael J. Link, and Burton M. Onofrio. "Pneumatic nerve root compression: epidural gas in association with lateral disc herniation." Journal of Neurosurgery 81, no. 3 (September 1994): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.81.3.0453.

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✓ Extreme lateral disc herniations are increasingly recognized as a cause of lumbar nerve root compression syndromes. This disorder often presents major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in the presence of multiple degenerative changes and chronic back pain in elderly patients. The authors describe two patients with presentations and findings that have not been previously described in the literature. Both patients had histories of upper lumbar back and leg pain. Degenerative spine disease, gaseous degeneration of the intervertebral discs, and epidural gas in the lateral recesses were noted on imaging studies. However, because both patients had undergone prior epidural diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, the epidural gas in the lateral recesses could be attributed either to gaseous disc degeneration or to the previous intraspinal procedures. One patient was found to have a large, far lateral extruded disc fragment that contained air. The nerve root in the second patient was impaled by an unusual combination of a small extruded disc fragment as well as an air-filled sac that was surrounded by the walled-off fragment's capsule and which freely communicated with the gaseous degenerated disc space. The suspected mechanism of root compression is illustrated and discussed. The possibility of disc herniation should be seriously considered in cases of nerve root compression in which epidural gas is present, especially those associated with gaseous degenerated discs.
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46

Mostofi, Keyvan. "Total Disc Arthroplasty for Treating Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease." Asian Spine Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/asj.2015.9.1.59.

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Bajnoczy, Susan. "Artificial disc replacement-Evolutionary treatment for degenerative disc disease." AORN Journal 82, no. 2 (August 2005): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(06)60311-6.

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48

Koroth, Jinsha, Erick O. Buko, Rebecca Abbott, Casey P. Johnson, Brenda M. Ogle, Laura S. Stone, Arin M. Ellingson, and Elizabeth W. Bradley. "Macrophages and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2 (January 10, 2023): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021367.

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The intervertebral disc (IVD) aids in motion and acts to absorb energy transmitted to the spine. With little inherent regenerative capacity, degeneration of the intervertebral disc results in intervertebral disc disease, which contributes to low back pain and significant disability in many individuals. Increasing evidence suggests that IVD degeneration is a disease of the whole joint that is associated with significant inflammation. Moreover, studies show elevated macrophage accumulation within the IVD with increasing levels of disease severity; however, we still need to understand the roles, be they causative or consequential, of macrophages during the degenerative process. In this narrative review, we discuss hallmarks of IVD degeneration, showcase evidence of macrophage involvement during disc degeneration, and explore burgeoning research aimed at understanding the molecular pathways regulating macrophage functions during intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Jandric, Slavica, and Branislav Antic. "Low back pain and degenerative disc disease." Medical review 59, no. 9-10 (2006): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0610456j.

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Introduction. Various clinical conditions can cause low back pain, and in most cases it is of a degenerative origin. Degenerative disc disease is a common condition which affects young to middle-aged men and women equally. Changes in the mechanical properties of the disc lead to degenerative arthritis in the intervertebral joints, osteophytes, and narrowing the intervertebral foramen or the spinal canal. Pathophysiology. Degenerative cascade, described by Kirkaldy-Willis, is the widely accepted pathophysiologic model describing the degenerative process as it affects the lumbar spine in 3 phases. Diagnosis. There are two forms of low back pain secondary to degenerative disc disease: a) lumbalgia and b) lumbar radiculopathy. Limitation of movement, problems with balance, pain, loss of reflexes in the extremities, muscle weakness, loss of sensation or other signs of neurological damage can be found on physical examination. For accurate diagnosis, it is often necessary to combine clinical examination and sophisticated technology. Treatment. Coservative treatment consists of rest, physical therapy, pharmacological therapy and injection therapy. Physical rehabilitation with active patient participation is a key approach to treatment of patients with discogenic pain. Physical therapy, occupational therapy and kinesitherapy are important for improving muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility. Disc surgery is performed if surgical intervention is required. .
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Jakoi, Ande M., Gurpal Pannu, Anthony D'Oro, Zorica Buser, Martin H. Pham, Neil N. Patel, Patrick C. Hsieh, et al. "The Clinical Correlations between Diabetes, Cigarette Smoking and Obesity on Intervertebral Degenerative Disc Disease of the Lumbar Spine." Asian Spine Journal 11, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/asj.2017.11.3.337.

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<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Retrospective analysis of a nationwide private insurance database. Chi-square analysis and linear regression models were utilized for outcome measures.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate any relationship between lumbar degenerative disc disease, diabetes, obesity and smoking tobacco.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Diabetes, obesity, and smoking tobacco are comorbid conditions known to individually have effect on degenerative disc disease. Most studies have only been on a small populous scale. No study has yet to investigate the combination of these conditions within a large patient cohort nor have they reviewed the combination of these conditions on degenerative disc disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective analysis of insurance billing codes within the nationwide Humana insurance database was performed, using PearlDiver software (PearlDiver, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN, USA), to identify trends among patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease with and without the associated comorbidities of obesity, diabetes, and/or smoking tobacco. Patients billed for a comorbidity diagnosis on the same patient record as the lumbar disc degenerative disease diagnosis were compared over time to patients billed for lumbar disc degenerative disease without a comorbidity. There were no sources of funding for this manuscript and no conflicts of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The total number and prevalence of patients (per 10,000) within the database diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease increased by 241.4% and 130.3%, respectively. The subsets of patients within this population who were concurrently diagnosed with either obesity, diabetes, tobacco use, or a combination thereof, was significantly higher than patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease alone (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05 for all). The number of patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease and smoking rose significantly more than patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease and either diabetes or obesity (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05). The number of patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease, smoking and obesity rose significantly more than the number of patients diagnosed with lumbar disc degenerative disease and any other comorbidity alone or combination of comorbidities (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Diabetes, obesity and cigarette smoking each are significantly associated with an increased diagnosis of lumbar degenerative disc disease. The combination of smoking and obesity had a synergistic effect on increased rates of lumbar degenerative disc disease. Patient education and preventative care is a vital goal in prevention of degenerative disc disease within the general population.</p></sec>
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