Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dégénérescences, Théorie des'
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Calvora, Robert. "Les dégénérés : le rest, le double et l'éternel, retour du même : approche psychopathologique et torique." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA131019.
Full textIt is our aim to study degenerates as they have been defined in theories on degeneracy. Our initial questions was "Why degenerates"? We studied them as though viewing them in a stage setting in which they are exposed as witnesses of o past which has never reached consciousness. They are the indescribable which can only be understood their disfigurement. Resulting from a deviation about which nothing is known, they are the remainder of what precedes any division. They are therefore the precedent that cannot be located. They occupy the space of spacelessness. And that is why degenerates are a presence that eludes all recognition. We followed them through their misunderstandings which result from the paranoiac nature of the knowledge of the subject. And from there it becomes separated from the mirror stage in which the subject recognizes him/. Herself in his/her reflection through another, a process which implies his/her alienation. We have further sought to define the place occupied by degenerates in correlation to the formation of psychic life. Theories on degeneration aim to define what constitute humans by specifying what distinguishes these from the living. Through degenerates, these theories enter time immemorial. Thus they deal with what is always already lost. Their reserved status appears to be like the effect of the tension between repression and the return of the repressed. Theories on degeneration are an account of an impossible that constitutes the emptiness of any society. They end up reflecting the double that every society must identify in order to reject it. We concluded our study with the death impulses that are like active forces in the encounter between the rest and the double
Coffin, Jean-Christophe. "Le corps social en accusation : le thème de la dégénérescence en France et en Italie, 1850-1900." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070085.
Full textThe scope of this research was to study the history of the idea of degeneration among psychiatrists from to close but different countries. Thus, i tried to conduct my investigation linking the history of ideas and the history of science : the first one devoted to places, the institutions, men and their works ; the second one active in catching the evolutions and the changes of the concept of degeneration. In brief, the chosen method aims to establish an historical work which takes into account the social and intellectual context of the making of the psychiatric knowledge. In the first section, i focused on b. A. Morel, author of the traite des degenerescences. The first chapters are thus devoted to the presentation of his ideas. The second section deals with the diffusion and the reception of the notion of degeneration. Then, the study is based on the analysis of works by morel, again and italian psychiatrists. The comparison of the different approaches allows the understand ing, on the one hand the reformulations of the theory of degeneration, on the other hand the emphasis on the specificities of several members of the italian psychiatrists, especially those influenced by the anthropologists ; and in fine, it points out how the concept of degeneration is seen as a relevant cocnept for the leading figures of the both psychiatries during the decades under examination
Kiriow, Ivan. "Théories scientifiques et représentations littéraires de l'hérédité en France (1847-1902) : la science dans l'espace public, entre acculturation et appropriation." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0126.
Full textThis dissertation studies the diffusion of the theories of heredity in the French literature of the second half of the nineteenth-century. In the perspective of a dialogical history of the « two cultures» (scientific and literary), it traces back the exchanges between scientific texts and literary works taken as relevant testi¬monies of the process of popularization of knowledge. Build in three sections, each one about a particular scientific theory (telegony, degeneration and « nervosime », atavism in criminals) and their novelistic incarnations, it follows the diffusion of doctrines, as well as their distortions and appropriations, determining elements of their penetration into the culture and society of an era
Laillier, Remi. "Cognition sociale et neuroimagerie dans le vieillissement normal et les dégénérescences lobaires frontotemporales Neurocognitive determinants of theory of mind across the adult lifespan Effects of grey and white matter damages on behavioural disorders, theory of mind and general aspects of cognition in frontotemporal dementias Les substrats cérébraux de la théorie de l’esprit." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC047.
Full textSocial cognition refers to the set of processes that allow us to interact and to adjust our behaviours in the social world. It has been suggested that behavioural modifications observed in normal and pathological aging can be due to changes in social cognition abilities, in particular in Theory of mind (ToM). The study of social cognition within the framework of frontotemporal lobar degenerations (DLFT), pathologies associated with important behavioural disturbances, takes its full meaning. However, relationships between ToM and other cognitive functions are still poorly understood, both on cognitive and cerebral levels. The main aim of these thesis was to contribute to broader understanding of joint working of those processes with the support of brain imaging. By adopting an ecological approach, our results have underlined links between the processes that contribute to ToM deficits and the neural basis on which they rely. They further highlighted subtle and early ToM dysfunctioning in subjects carrying a genetic mutation responsible of the development of a particular FTLD disease, in a presymptomatic stage
Slim, Syrine. "Secret pathogène, secret de famille, crypte et fantôme : de Moriz (Moritz) Benedikt à Nicolas Abraham et Maria Torok : nouvelles considérations historiques et épistémologiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC249.
Full textHow could secrecy be identified as pathogenic? What is the genesis of the transgenerational secret, the crypt and the phantom?First, we analyze a paper by H. Ellenberger attributing the paternity of the pathogenic secret to an Austrian physician, Moritz Benedikt. As we revisit Ellenberger’s sources and Benedikt’s texts, we dispute the idea Benedikt was but an obscure physician, which leads us to an interpretation less hostile to secrecy. We emphasize Jung's conviction of the need to rid the patient of his secret. We propose to read Ellenberger’s paper to be a secret autobiography allowing to establish a continuity between the Seelsorgers and his work as a psychiatrist.Second, we show that having been construed as pathogenic at the individual level, the secret has become so at the family-level as well. We draw a comparison between the theories of heredity-degeneration and those of the pathogenic family secret, on the basis from basis of some contributions from psychoanalysis and the fault now considered in a psychical way.Looking through archives, we draw up a new biography of N. Abraham and M. Torok, bringing out influences ignored up to now (Gabel, Minkowski, Merleau-Ponty), thus showing their theorization can be read as a secretive autobiography. Our work opens up several questions: the entanglement between life and theoretical writings, the articulation between epistemology and biography in psychoanalysis, the role of the archives in the history of psychoanalysis. We thus propose to consider epistemological research a stakeholder and an active part of psychoanalytic practice
Dodane, Olivier. "Théorèmes de Petri pour les courbes stables et dégénérescence du système d'équations du plongement canonique." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/DODANE_Olivier_2009.pdf.
Full textPetri's theorem states that the canonical image of a nonhyperelliptic smooth curve of genus g>=4 defined over an algebraically closed field is an intersection of quadrics and cubics. Moreover, one can exhibit a system of equations for this image. These results are due to Petri (1923) and were generalized and transcribed in modern language by Saint-Donat (1973). The moduli space of smooth curves is not proper and can be completed by adding stable curves. It is therefore natural to search for generalizations of Petri's theorem for stable curves and to examine questions of degeneracy. In this thesis, we consider on the one hand the case of a stable curve with one singular point and whose normalization is hyperelliptic, and on the other hand the case of a stable curve whose graph is planar. Moreover, we undertake the canonical embedding of a stable curve defined over a discrete valuation ring. The general method consists in: -- describing the canonical sheaf and constructing a well adapted basis for the space of its global sections; -- constructing quadrics and cubics in the canonical ideal; -- proving that these equations generate the canonical ideal. The text also contains new biographical indications concerning the german mathematician Karl Petri. [http://tel. Archives-ouvertes. Fr]
Doron, Claude-Olivier. "Races et dégénérescence : l'émergence des savoirs sur l'homme anormal." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876157.
Full textDoron, Claude-Olivier. "Races et dégénérescence : l'émergence des savoirs sur l'homme anormal." Phd thesis, Paris 7, 2011. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00876157.
Full textThis Ph-D thesis develops the twofold history of the notions of "race" and "degeneration" between the XVIIth and the XIXth century. This history is studied from two points of view: historical epistemology that is "how race and degeneration became the concepts of various knowledges (natural history, anthropology, psychiatry)"; and history of government practices, that is "how race and degeneration became problems government". Focusing on the historical link between these notions gives us the possibility to analyze the emergence, in the XIXth century, of a field of knowledge that dealt with what we call the "abnormal mar that is this very specific entity which agglomerates madness, criminality and "inferior" races as deviations human normality, in an ambiguous space between the normal and the pathological. Our thesis describes the various categories that organise this field of knowledge. More deeply, we want to argue that the notions race and degeneration, far from being external to humanism and universalism, far from being systematical correlated to practices of exclusion, are intimately connected to a practical and theoretical humanism and practices of inclusion, that deal with race, madness and crime as alterations of a norm one has to regenerate correct and improve through specific apparatus of power. Through this historical lens, we want to study ; the ambiguities and aporias that lurk in the very heart of this will of inclusion and this analysis heterogeneous realities as alterations of a norm. We show in particular how we can establish a very stronglink between the insertion of the concept of "race" into natural history and monogenism; and, on the other side, how it is important to study the insertion of "race" into the political field and, more broadly, the emergence of the knowledge of the abnormal, to take into consideration its logical links with political liberalism in the beginning of XIXth century
Duarte, Mikaël. "Des corps en enfer. Une histoire des corps dans la région stéphanoise de la fin du XVIIIe à 1949." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES014/document.
Full textAt the end of the eighteenth century, the population of the Stephan region was characterized by its mastery of industrial processes, a specific culture of the body, influenced by carnival rituals, the Jansenist convulsion movement, and then animal magnetism. lndustry then depends on the bodies of the workers, the Sublimes. The criticisms of the elites in the face of an industrial system pass !rom speeches to a slow interference in the workers' flesh, which must be locked up, controlled and rationalized. The disqualification of the workers' bodies begins with an aesthetic downgrading, which leads to racialization, reinforced by theories of degeneration. Rationalization, hygienic morality and physical education are part of this takeover of the flesh. The many resistance of the workers to an alienating mechanized and rationalized industrialization are characterized by a tenacious working-class counter-culture, the maintenance of small industry which maintains areas of freedom and violence, which passes through anarchism violate the strike, Shattered by a state repression
Dubuc, Camus Sylvie. "Etude des propriétés de dégénérescence et de normalité des fonctions booléennes et construction de fonctions q-aires parfaitement non linéaires." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN2011.
Full textBarretto, Maria Luiza. "Le pélerin Antonio Vicente Mendes Maciel et la foule sertaneja dans la guerre de Canudos : sujets de l'histoire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC178/document.
Full textThis thesis brings to the forefront of historical significance, one of the most iconic events in Brazilian history, the Canudos war in 1897, when pilgrim Antonio Vicnte Mendes Maciel’s symptom, that is, one man’s symptom and the mass symptom coincide in Culture. The standing historical significance was founded on an ideological reading of thos events according to the theory of degeneracy and diagnoses that war as the result os the interaction between a psychotic leader and the ignorant, submissive mass. All implication of the actors in the Canudos drama as subjects of History was erased. An unprecedented reading of the pilgrim manuscripts using psychoanalytic anthropological methodology allowed us challenge the established diagnosis and led to broader understanding of Pilgrim as a leadr and of the mass as subjects of History
Achtaïch, Naceur. "Injections du type Sobolev et applications à la résolution de problèmes de valeurs propres non linéaires axisymétriques." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO10179.
Full textToulouse, Julien. "Extension multidéterminantale de la méthode de Kohn-Sham en théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité par décomposition de l' interaction électronique en contributions de longue portée et de courte portée." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00550772.
Full textToulouse, Julien. "Extension multidéterminantale de la méthode de Kohn-Sham en théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité par décomposition de l'interaction électronique en contributions de longue portée et de courte portée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00550772.
Full textSunyé, Jean-Charles. "Contribution à l'étude des transformations CR des structures de Cauchy-Riemann analytiques réelles." Phd thesis, Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES037.
Full textSunyé, Jean-Charles. "Contribution à l'étude des transformations CR des structures de Cauchy-Riemann analytiques réelles." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545464.
Full textKhalil, Nathalie. "Conditions d'optimalité pour des problèmes en contrôle optimal et applications." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0095/document.
Full textThe project of this thesis is twofold. The first concerns the extension of previous results on necessary optimality conditions for state constrained problems in optimal control and in calculus of variations. The second aim consists in working along two new research lines: derive viability results for a class of control systems with state constraints in which ‘standard inward pointing conditions’ are violated; and establish necessary optimality conditions for average cost minimization problems possibly perturbed by unknown parameters.In the first part, we examine necessary optimality conditions which play an important role in finding candidates to be optimal solutions among all admissible solutions. However, in dynamic optimization problems with state constraints, some pathological situations might arise. For instance, it might occur that the multiplier associated with the objective function (to minimize) vanishes. In this case, the objective function to minimize does not intervene in first order necessary conditions: this is referred to as the abnormal case. A worse phenomenon, called the degenerate case shows that in some circumstances the set of admissible trajectories coincides with the set of candidates to be minimizers. Therefore the necessary conditions give no information on the possible minimizers.To overcome these difficulties, new additional hypotheses have to be imposed, known as constraint qualifications. We investigate these two issues (normality and non-degeneracy) for optimal control problems involving state constraints and dynamics expressed as a differential inclusion, when the minimizer has its left end-point in a region where the state constraint set in nonsmooth. We prove that under an additional information involving mainly the Clarke tangent cone, necessary conditions in the form of the Extended Euler-Lagrange condition are derived in the normal and non-degenerate form for two different classes of state constrained optimal control problems. Application of the normality result is shown also for the calculus of variations problem subject to a state constraint.In the second part of the thesis, we consider first a class of state constrained control systems for which standard ‘first order’ constraint qualifications are not satisfied, but a higher (second) order constraint qualification is satisfied. We propose a new construction for feasible trajectories (a viability result) and we investigate examples (such as the Brockett nonholonomic integrator) providing in addition a non-linear stimate result. The other topic of the second part of the thesis concerns the study of a class of optimal control problems in which uncertainties appear in the data in terms of unknown parameters. Taking into consideration an average cost criterion, a crucial issue is clearly to be able to characterize optimal controls independently of the unknown parameter action: this allows to find a sort of ‘best compromise’ among all the possible realizations of the control system as the parameter varies. For this type of problems, we derive necessary optimality conditions in the form of Maximum Principle (possibly nonsmooth)
Chaudru, de Raynal Paul Éric. "Équations différentielles stochastiques : résolubilité forte d'équations singulières dégénérées ; analyse numérique de systèmes progressifs-rétrogrades de McKean-Vlasov." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954417.
Full textGirouard, Alexandre. "Dégénérescence et problèmes extrémaux pour les valeurs propres du laplacien sur les surfaces." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6627.
Full textGirouard, Alexandre. "Dégénérescence et problèmes extrémaux pour les valeurs propres du laplaciens sur les surfaces." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576283.
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