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Journal articles on the topic 'Degradation of apparent elastic modulus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Haftek, Marek, Maeve A. McAleer, Ivone Jakasa, WH Irwin McLean, Sanja Kezic, and Alan D. Irvine. "Changes in nano-mechanical properties of human epidermal cornified cells in children with atopic dermatitis." Wellcome Open Research 5 (May 19, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15729.1.

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Background: Impaired skin barrier is an important etiological factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The structural protein filaggrin (FLG) plays a major role in maintenance of the competent skin barrier and its deficiency is associated with enhanced susceptibility to mechanical injury. Here we examined biomechanical characteristics of the corneocytes in children with AD and healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 children with AD and 7 healthy children. They were genotyped for filaggrin gene (FLG) loss-of-function mutations. Stratum corneum was collected from clinically unaffected skin by adhes

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2

Haftek, Marek, Maeve A. McAleer, Ivone Jakasa, WH Irwin McLean, Sanja Kezic, and Alan D. Irvine. "Changes in nano-mechanical properties of human epidermal cornified cells in children with atopic dermatitis." Wellcome Open Research 5 (July 17, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15729.2.

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Background: Impaired skin barrier is an important etiological factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The structural protein filaggrin (FLG) plays a major role in maintenance of the competent skin barrier and its deficiency is associated with enhanced susceptibility to mechanical injury. Here we examined biomechanical characteristics of the corneocytes in children with AD and healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 children with AD and 7 healthy children. They were genotyped for filaggrin gene (FLG) loss-of-function mutations. Stratum corneum was collected from clinically unaffected skin by adhes

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3

Lekatou, A., S. E. Faidi, S. B. Lyon, and R. C. Newman. "Elasticity and fracture in particulate composites with strong and degraded interfaces." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 5 (1996): 1293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0164.

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Silane-coated glass microspheres randomly embedded in an epoxy polymer matrix have been employed as a model system to investigate the degradation of disordered composite materials by water, and to test various models of deformation and fracture. Numerous composites containing sodalime (A) glass in the range 0 to 25% by volume were tested dry and immersed in saturated NaCl at 40 °C for periods up to 70 days before testing. Enhanced osmotic water uptake due to percolating interface damage was observed for composites containing more than 15% glass. The electrical resistance of similar composites

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4

Liu, Xinyou, Lulu Zhu, Xinwei Tu, Changjun Zhang, Houyi Huang, and Anca Maria Varodi. "Characteristics of Ancient Shipwreck Wood from Huaguang Jiao No. 1 after Desalination." Materials 16, no. 2 (2023): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020510.

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Huaguangjiao I refers to the ancient Chinese wooden shipwreck of the South Song Dynasty (1127–1279 AD) discovered in the South China Sea in 1996. From 2008 to 2017, the archaeological waterlogged wood was desalted using deionized water combined with ultrasonic treatment, and desalted using EDTA-2Na, EDTAHO, and NaH2PO4·2H2O solutions. In this paper, the degree of degradation of the modified waterlogged archaeological wood and the moisture and content of the main components were determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nanoindentation (NI), and scanni

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5

Wang, Wenrui, Xingzhou Chen, Lili Chen, Sheng Gong, and Zhenkun Su. "Study on the mechanical properties of unloaded damage sandstone under dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycling conditions." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0310012. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310012.

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Understanding he impact of dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of unloaded damaged rock masses in reservoir bank slopes is crucial for revealing the deformation and failure mechanisms in artificially excavated slope rock masses within fluctuation zones. To address, the study focuses on unloaded damaged samples subjected to excavation disturbances, conducting various cycles of dry-wet and freeze-thaw treatment along with uniaxial and triaxial re-loading tests. A damage statistical constitutive model was established based on the experimental results and validated using nu

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6

Kolesnikov, Gennady, and Rudolf Meltser. "A Damage Model to Trabecular Bone and Similar Materials: Residual Resource, Effective Elasticity Modulus, and Effective Stress under Uniaxial Compression." Symmetry 13, no. 6 (2021): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13061051.

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Experimental research of bone strength remains costly and limited for ethical and technical reasons. Therefore, to predict the mechanical state of bone tissue, as well as similar materials, it is desirable to use computer technology and mathematical modeling. Yet, bone tissue as a bio-mechanical object with a hierarchical structure is difficult to analyze for strength and rigidity; therefore, empirical models are often used, the disadvantage of which is their limited application scope. The use of new analytical solutions overcomes the limitations of empirical models and significantly improves

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7

Zhang, Sarah Jingying, George A. Truskey та William E. Kraus. "Effect of cyclic stretch on β1D-integrin expression and activation of FAK and RhoA". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, № 6 (2007): C2057—C2069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00493.2006.

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Integrins play a pivotal role in proliferation, differentiation, and survival in skeletal and cardiac myocytes. The β1D-isoform of the β1-integrin is specifically expressed in striated skeletal muscle. However, little is known about the role and the mechanisms by which the splice variant β1D-integrin regulates myogenesis and mechanotransduction. We observed that cyclic mechanical stretch increases β1D-integrin protein levels and activates the downstream cytoskeletal signaling proteins focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and RhoA. Elimination of native β1D-integrin expression by RNA interference in imm

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8

Collinsworth, Amy M., Sarah Zhang, William E. Kraus, and George A. Truskey. "Apparent elastic modulus and hysteresis of skeletal muscle cells throughout differentiation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 283, no. 4 (2002): C1219—C1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00502.2001.

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The effect of differentiation on the transverse mechanical properties of mammalian myocytes was determined by using atomic force microscopy. The apparent elastic modulus increased from 11.5 ± 1.3 kPa for undifferentiated myoblasts to 45.3 ± 4.0 kPa after 8 days of differentiation ( P< 0.05). The relative contribution of viscosity, as determined from the normalized hysteresis area, ranged from 0.13 ± 0.02 to 0.21 ± 0.03 and did not change throughout differentiation. Myosin expression correlated with the apparent elastic modulus, but neither myosin nor β-tubulin were associated with hysteresi

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9

Chen, Depeng, Jiajia Zou, Liang Zhao, Shidai Xu, Tengfei Xiang, and Chunlin Liu. "Degradation of Dynamic Elastic Modulus of Concrete under Periodic Temperature-Humidity Action." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030611.

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Cracks caused by environmental temperature and humidity variation are generally considered one of the most important factors causing durability deterioration of concrete structures. The seasonal or daily variation of ambient temperature and humidity can be considered periodic. The dynamic modulus of elasticity is an important parameter used to evaluate the performance of structural concrete under periodic loads. Hence, in this paper, the dynamic elastic modulus test of concrete under simulating periodic temperature-humidity variation is carried out according to monthly meteorological data of r

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10

Li, Ya, and Haidong Liu. "Evaluation Method of Mechanical Properties of Living NSCLC Cells Based on Nano-indentation." Current Nanoscience >15, no. 5 (2019): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413715666190509112358.

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Background:In AFM study of cell mechanical properties, the apparent elastic modulus of a cell is affected by many factors, especially the AFM tip geometry, indentation site of the cell, the application of the mathematical model and testing conditions.Background:In AFM study of cell mechanical properties, the apparent elastic modulus of a cell is affected by many factors, especially the AFM tip geometry, indentation site of the cell, the application of the mathematical model and testing conditions.Methods:In this study, indentation experiments of living cells under different conditions were per

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11

Yuksel, Ferhat, Busra Yavuz, and Tuğçe Tunç. "Rheological properties of pestil enriched wheat, potato and corn flour using simplex lattice mixture design." Croatian journal of food science and technology 16, no. 2 (2024): 246–56. https://doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2024.16.2.06.

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In this study, pestil was made using various concentrations of wheat, corn, and potato flours and the ideal flour combination amounts were determined using the simplex lattice mixture design technique. The apparent viscosity, G' (elastic modulus), G'' (viscous modulus), and tan d (G''/G') analyses were determined. In all samples, it is seen that viscosity reduces while shear rate increases. This type of behaviour is pseudoplastic behaviour. While the highest apparent viscosity was observed in the 13th sample (12 g/100 g potato flour), the lowest was seen in the 11th sample (12 g/100 g wheat fl

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12

Khayatzadeh, Saber, Salah Rahimi, and Paul Blackwell. "Effect of Plastic Deformation on Elastic and Plastic Recovery in CP-Titanium." Key Engineering Materials 716 (October 2016): 891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.716.891.

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The springback associated with cold deep drawing of sheet metals leads to undesired dimensional changes in the final products. This is often due to the heterogeneous plastic deformation in different areas of the intended geometry that creates various stress states throughout the part. The major objective of this study is to understand the interconnection between springback, level of plastic deformation, degradation of elastic modulus and strain recovery in a CP-Ti material. The mechanical properties of the sheet material and the dependency of mechanical properties on directionality are investi

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13

Huang, Shiyuan, Junjie Wang, Zhenfeng Qiu, and Kai Kang. "Effects of Cyclic Wetting-Drying Conditions on Elastic Modulus and Compressive Strength of Sandstone and Mudstone." Processes 6, no. 12 (2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6120234.

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The influence of water on the mechanical properties of rock is vital for determining the rock stability when subjected to changes of water conditions. In this paper, a series of uniaxial compression tests were conducted to investigate effects of cyclic wetting and drying on the mechanical properties of sandstone and mudstone collected from Chongqing city, China. The results showed that both elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength of sandstone and mudstone were reduced by wetting and drying cycles, and that the degradation rate of the two mechanic parameters of mudstone was always lar

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14

Ding, Yue, Jian Wang, Guang-Kui Xu, and Gang-Feng Wang. "Are elastic moduli of biological cells depth dependent or not? Another explanation using a contact mechanics model with surface tension." Soft Matter 14, no. 36 (2018): 7534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01216d.

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Contrary to the existing reports that the apparent elastic modulus of a cell depends strongly on the indent depth in many AFM indentation experiments, we present a contact model with surface effects, and show that the actual elastic modulus of cell materials could be independent of the indent depth if surface tension is taken into account.

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15

Li, Ping, Yanru Zhang, Shiwei Duan, Ruiyuan Huang, and Jiming Gu. "Variation Pattern of the Elastic Modulus of Concrete under Combined Humidity and Heat Conditions." Materials 16, no. 15 (2023): 5447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155447.

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The coupling effect of moisture content and temperature on the elastic modulus of concrete is experimentally investigated. The elastic modulus of dry concrete exhibits a clear temperature-weakening effect, while the elastic modulus of wet concrete exhibits a water-strengthening effect at room temperature. Under humidity-heat conditions, the elastic modulus of wet concrete declines with the temperature rise. When the temperature is 20 °C, 200 °C, 400 °C, 520 °C, and 620 °C, the humidity–heat coupling factors of the elastic modulus change rate DI˙F with moisture content are 0.08, 0.07, 0.04, 0.0

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16

Tasan, C. C., J. P. M. Hoefnagels, L. C. N. Louws, and M. G. D. Geers. "Experimental-Numerical Analysis of the Indentation-Based Damage Characterization Methodology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 13-14 (July 2008): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.13-14.151.

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The introduction of advanced high strength steels, e.g., into the automotive industry initiated a huge interest in analyzing and understanding ductile fracture of sheet metals to greater details. This demands for the development of experimental methodologies that provide microvoid evolution parameters, which also serve as crucial input parameters for advanced forming simulation that can predict damage evolution. Therefore, this work scrutinizes the reliability and applicability of an increasingly popular damage characterization methodology, in which microindentation tests are carried out to me

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17

Yu, H. Y., H. Y. Wu, and Z. K. Chu. "Effect of loading-path on the elastic modulus degradation of high strength steels." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1270, no. 1 (2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1270/1/012042.

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Experiments of repetitive uniaxial tension are performed for DP590, TRIP590, TRIP780, and BH220 steels. Variation of chord modulus of the four materials with accumulated plastic strain is discussed. Large specimens of uniaxial tension, wide plate tension and cruciform tension are prestrained in different plastic strain. Uniaxial tension of sub-size samples which are machined from the prestrained large specimens is performed. Dependence of the normalized chord modulus of the four metals on strain path is discussed in detail. The results show that elastic modulus degradation is dependent on the

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18

Lu, Chao, Yong Lin Kang, Guo Ming Zhu, Ren Dong Liu, and Li Lin. "Effects of Elastic Modulus Degradation on Simulation of Stretch-Bend Springback of Dual Phase Steel." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.260.

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The stretch-bend springback of dual phase steel DP590 was studied experimentally and numerically in this paper. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of elastic modulus degradation on springback prediction. Two anisotropic yield function yld89 and yld2000 were utilized along with isotropic hardening law. The appropriate material parameters characterizing the elastic modulus decrease were identified by response surface modeling. The current work showed that the accuracy of springback simulation improved when considering elastic modulus decreased with plastic strain and yld2000 can

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19

Wolf, B., and M. Göken. "On the pressure dependence of the indentation modulus." International Journal of Materials Research 96, no. 11 (2005): 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2005-0217.

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Abstract The influence of the pressure distribution beneath a spherical indenter onto the resulting penetration depth and consequently its impact onto the derived apparent indentation modulus has been modelled theoretically. It turns out that the pressure distribution has the same effect as a constant hydrostatic pressure of one half of the contact pressure within the entire sample. The effect is particularly important in situations of high contact pressure as during elastic indentation loading before the occurrence of the first popin. Furthermore, for all materials with a high ratio between h

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20

Shi, Jianping, Huixin Liang, Jie Jiang, Wenlai Tang, and Jiquan Yang. "Design and Performance Evaluation of Porous Titanium Alloy Structures for Bone Implantation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (October 9, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5268280.

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Implant parts prepared by traditional design and manufacturing methods generally have problems of high stiffness and heavy self-weight, which may cause stress shielding effect between the implanted part and the host bone, and eventually cause loosening of the implanted part. Based on the implicit surface function equations, several porous implant models with controlled pore structure were designed. By adjusting the parameters, the apparent elastic modulus of the porous implant model can be regulated. The biomechanical simulation experiment was performed using CAE software to simulate the stres

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21

Kocmanová, Lenka, Petr Haušild, Aleš Materna, and Jiří Matějíček. "Numerical Model of Instrumented Indentation by a Rounded Cone Indenter Using Finite Element Method." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.73.

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The paper serves as an introduction to investigation of mechanical properties of functionally graded materials and deals with elastic nanoindentation numerical models. The models were based on the finite element method. Young's moduli were estimated by Oliver-Pharr method. The indenter geometry for which numerical solutions were accomplished was a rounded cone indenter. The effect of tip sharpness was examined by applying an increasing spherical tip radius. The results show that the apparent Young's modulus and the hardness increase linearly with increasing radius of the tip. The effect of app

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22

Alves, Marcı́lio, Jilin Yu, and Norman Jones. "On the elastic modulus degradation in continuum damage mechanics." Computers & Structures 76, no. 6 (2000): 703–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(99)00187-x.

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23

Mozafari, Hozhabr, Pengfei Dong, Haitham Hadidi, Michael Sealy, and Linxia Gu. "Mechanical Characterizations of 3D-printed PLLA/Steel Particle Composites." Materials 12, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010001.

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The objective of this study is to characterize the micromechanical properties of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) composites reinforced by grade 420 stainless steel (SS) particles with a specific focus on the interphase properties. The specimens were manufactured using 3D printing techniques due to its many benefits, including high accuracy, cost effectiveness and customized geometry. The adopted fused filament fabrication resulted in a thin interphase layer with an average thickness of 3 µm. The mechanical properties of each phase, as well as the interphase, were characterized by nanoindentation tes

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24

Bae, Tae Soo, Tae Soo Lee, and Kui Won Choi. "Orthogonal Properties of Human Trabecular Bone by Spherical Indentation Test." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 793–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.793.

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The elastic modulus and the apparent density of the trabecular bone were evaluated from spherical indentation tests and Computed Tomography and their relationship was quantified. After the femurs were prepared and embedded with respect to their anatomical orientation, the transverse planes of the trabecular bone specimens were scanned at 1mm intervals using a CT scanner. The metaphyseal regions were sectioned with a diamond-blade saw, producing 8mm cubes. Using a custom-made spherical indentation tester, the cubes were mechanically tested in the anteriorposterior (AP), medial-lateral (ML), and

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25

Wang, W., and K. Lu. "Nanoindentation measurement of hardness and modulus anisotropy in Ni3Al single crystals." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 9 (2002): 2314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0339.

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Hardness and elastic modulus of (111), (110), and (001) oriented Ni3Al single crystals were determined by nanoindenter measurements. Obvious elastic modulus anisotropy and hardness anisotropy were observed. The modulus for (001) was about 17% smaller than that for (111), (110). The hardness was found to be strongly dependent on the indentation size and exhibited a small anisotropy at low indentation loads. When the indentation load was increased further, the hardness anisotropy became apparent. The hardness for (111) was observed to be higher compared to (001). The indentation hardness size ef

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26

Kasra, M., and M. D. Grynpas. "Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analyses of an Idealized Structural Model of Vertebral Trabecular Bone." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 120, no. 2 (1998): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2798311.

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An idealized three-dimensional finite element model of a rodlike trabecular bone structure was developed to study its static and dynamic responses under compressive loading, considering the effects of bone marrow and apparent density. Static analysis of the model predicted hydraulic stiffening of trabecular bone due to the presence of bone marrow. The predicted power equation relating trabecular bone apparent elastic modulus to its apparent density was in good agreement with those of the reported experimental investigations. The ratio of the maximum stress in the trabecular bone tissue to its

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27

Zhang, C. Y., and Y. W. Zhang. "Extracting elastic properties and prestress of a cell using atomic force microscopy." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 3 (2009): 1167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0121.

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An analytical solution was derived for the indentation of a cell using atomic force microscopy. It was found that the contribution of the cell membrane to the overall indentation stiffness is dependent on the size of the indenter. When a small indenter [for example, an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip] is used to probe the mechanical properties of cells, the cell membrane and its prestress were important in interpreting indentation data. The solution allows the partition of contributions from the membrane and the interior soft phase. The apparent elastic modulus of the cell and the prestress

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28

Zeng, Xian Wei, and Jia Quan Deng. "Elastic Strain Energy of a Nanowire in Three-Point Bending Test with the Consideration of Surface Effects." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.67.

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Three-point bending tests of nanowires with Contact atomic force microscopy reveal that the Young’s modulus of a nanowire is size-dependent. The modulus changes with the diameter of a nanowire. This size dependency can be explained within the framework of classical continuum mechanics by including the effects of surface stress. In this study, an analytical solution has been derived for the elastic strain energy of a nanowire with both ends clamped and contacted by an AFM tip at its midpoint. Different from previous theoretical models, the present model can handle the case of large deflection,

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29

Stráský, Josef, Dalibor Preisler, Kristína Bartha, and Miloš Janeček. "Manufacturing of Biomedical Ti-Based Alloys with High Oxygen Content and Various Amount of Beta-Stabilizing Elements." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 2471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.2471.

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High strength and low elastic modulus are key properties of biomedical Ti-based alloys. Body centred cubic beta phase shows lowest elastic modulus, especially if the stability of the beta phase is low due to the ‘proximity’ to martensitic β to α’’ transformation. It was previously shown that Ti-35Nb-6Ta-7Zr alloy contains biotolerant elements only and exhibits low modulus. By enriching this alloy by 0.7 wt. % of oxygen the strength is significantly enhanced, but elastic modulus increases as well. This fact can be attributed to apparent beta stabilizing effect of oxygen with respect to martensi

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30

Gent, A. N., J. A. Hartwell†, and Ginger Lee. "Effect of Carbon Black on Crosslinking." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 2 (2003): 517–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547758.

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Abstract For a number of different vulcanization systems, the equilibrium swelling ratios for carbon-black-filled and unfilled samples are shown to be linearly related, as found by Lorenz and Parks, indicating that the degree of crosslinking is not changed by incorporating carbon black. However, filled compounds swell less, and thus the apparent degree of crosslinking is significantly greater. For example, it is about twice as large for compounds containing 50 phr of HAF carbon black. This is confirmed by measurements of the elastic modulus of swollen samples. Relatively strong bonds appear to

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Shindo, Yasuhide, Hassel Ledbetter, and Hideaki Nozaki. "Elastic constants and microcracks in YBa2Cu3O7." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 1 (1995): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.0007.

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We analyze theoretically the effect of microcracks and voids on the apparent elastic constants of polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7. Using measurements by Holcomb and Mayo, we calculate crack density and crack aspect ratio. We obtain reasonable intrinsic elastic constants. For the bulk modulus, for example, we predict values close to these obtained by neutron-diffraction studies: 123 GPa for a polycrystal and 122 GPa for a monocrystal.

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Hsu, Jui-Ting, Ming-Tzu Tsai, and Heng-Li Huang. "RELATIONS OF ANISOTROPIC ELASTIC MODULI TO DENSITY AND CT NUMBER IN BOVINE CORTICAL BONE." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 20, no. 03 (2008): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s101623720800074x.

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It would be useful to be able to determine the mechanical properties of bone using a noninvasive technique such as computed tomography (CT). However, in contrast to cancellous bone tissue, quantifying the elastic modulus of cortical bone from bone density and CT number has not been investigated extensively. This study measured the elastic moduli of cortical bone from eight bovine femora in the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial directions using mechanical compressive testing. Before testing, the CT number and wet apparent bone density were obtained. The experimentally determined coeffic

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33

Tan, Chao, Bensheng Huang, Da Liu, et al. "Effect of Mimic Vegetation with Different Stiffness on Regular Wave Propagation and Turbulence." Water 11, no. 1 (2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010109.

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Flume experiments were performed to test four plant mimics with different stiffness to reveal the effect of plant stiffness on the wave dissipation and turbulence process. The mimics were built of silica gel rod groups, and their bending elastic modulus was measured as a proxy for stiffness. The regular wave velocity distribution, turbulence characteristics, and wave dissipation effect of different groups were studied in a flume experiment. Results show that, when a wave ran through the flexible rod groups, the velocity period changed gradually from unimodal to bimodal, and the secondary wave

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34

Sanjeev Kumar, L. J., B. Yaswanth, N. Manoj Kumar Reddy, and P. Bhuvaneswari. "Study of degradation of elastic modulus of light weight concrete." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 561 (November 12, 2019): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/561/1/012044.

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Chunyu, Zhang, Zhu Yulong, Chen Youbin, Cao Nanfeng, and Chen Lei. "Understanding indentation-induced elastic modulus degradation of ductile metallic materials." Materials Science and Engineering: A 696 (June 2017): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.094.

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36

Voyiadjis, George Z. "Degradation of elastic modulus in elastoplastic coupling with finite strains." International Journal of Plasticity 4, no. 4 (1988): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-6419(88)90023-x.

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Leuterio, Giselle Lou D., and Bryan B. Pajarito. "Effect of Colorant Additive and Thickness on Tensile Properties of Oxo-Biodegradable PE Plastic Bags in Alkaline Solution." Key Engineering Materials 705 (August 2016): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.705.77.

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Polyethylene (PE) is widely used as packaging materials in the form of plastic bags. After end-use, some of these plastic bags are not properly disposed and may persist in different kinds of environment. Oxo-biodegradable plastics are PE films incorporated with pro-oxidants to promote degradation. As part of the continuing study, changes on the tensile properties of oxo-biodegradable PE plastic bags immersed in alkaline solution at 60 °C are investigated. The effects of colorant additive (varied at two levels) and thickness (varied at three levels) on tensile properties of PE films are reporte

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Zhao, Zenghui, Wei Sun, Shaojie Chen, Yuanhui Feng, and Weiming Wang. "Displacement of surrounding rock in a deep circular hole considering double moduli and strength-stiffness degradation." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 41, no. 12 (2020): 1847–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10483-020-2665-9.

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AbstractThe problem of cavity stability widely exists in deep underground engineering and energy exploitation. First, the stress field of the surrounding rock under the uniform stress field is deduced based on a post-peak strength drop model considering the rock’s characteristics of constant modulus and double moduli. Then, the orthogonal non-associative flow rule is used to establish the displacement of the surrounding rock under constant modulus and double moduli, respectively, considering the stiffness degradation and dilatancy effects in the plastic region and assuming that the elastic str

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Hasan, Muttaqin, Saiful Husin, and Cut Nursaniah. "Mechanical Properties of Concrete in Compression Exposed to Sulfuric Acid." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.302.

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This paper presents the degradation of compressive strength and stiffness of concrete after immersed in 2,5 % sulfuric acid solution. The durations of immersion are 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. After the immersion, ultrasonic pulse velocity and compression tests are performed on the specimens. The relative dynamic elastic modulus, compressive strength and its initial stiffness decrease with increasing the duration of immersion, as a result of the increasing microcracks in the concrete. The strain at peak stress increases with increasing the duration of immersion. The degradation of compressive st

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Kustov, Sergey, Jaume Rosselló, Miguel Lluís Corró, et al. "Magnetic Domain Walls and Macroscopic Magnetization-Related Elastic and Anelastic Effects during Premartensitic Transition in Ni2MnGa." Materials 12, no. 3 (2019): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030376.

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The temperature and field dependences of internal friction and Young´s modulus are studied using a high-resolution ultrasonic (90 kHz) technique in stoichiometric ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa shape memory alloy close to the premartensitic transformation temperature, TPM, in the demagnetized state and under moderate fields. Several new effects observed like an apparent Young´s modulus softening close to TPM under moderate fields, instead of the hardening outside this range, as well as existing controversies in the apparent elastic and anelastic properties of Ni2MnGa close to TPM are explained by micro

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Lee, Junhwan, Rodrigo Salgado, and J. Antonio H. Carraro. "Stiffness degradation and shear strength of silty sands." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 5 (2004): 831–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-034.

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Soils behave nonlinearly from very early loading stages. When granular soils contain a certain amount of fines, the degree of nonlinearity also changes, as stiffness and strength characteristics vary with fines content. Hyperbolic stressstrain models and variations of these models are often used for description of the nonlinear behavior. A modified hyperbolic stressstrain relationship is used in this paper for representing the degradation of the elastic modulus of silty sands. The model is based on two modulus degradation parameters that determine the magnitude and rate of modulus degradatio

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Xia, Bing Hua, Yuan Cai Liu, and Qing Wen Zhang. "Elastic Modulus Calculation of GRT Fiber-Rubberized Haydite Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.423.

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Experiment with intensity level for the LC30 ceramsite concrete as the research object, changing the content of cement, GRT fiber, rubber powder by the orthogonal test to configure GRT fiber—rubberized haydite concrete samples, maintenance samples 28d in standard conditions and respectively testing their modulus of elasticity、standard compressive strength and apparent density. Through the analysis of the test data, using regression method to establish the GRT fiber—rubberized haydite concrete static compression modulus of elasticity experiential formula and use new test data to compare the val

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Wereszczak, Andrew, Ethan Fox, Michael Lance, and Mattison Ferber. "Failure Stress and Apparent Elastic Modulus of Diesel Particulate Filter Ceramics." SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing 5, no. 2 (2012): 517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1252.

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Salimon, Alexei I., Eugene S. Statnik, Michael Yu Zadorozhnyy та ін. "Porous Open-Сell UHMWPE: Experimental Study of Structure and Mechanical Properties". Materials 12, № 13 (2019): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132195.

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Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a bioinert polymer that is widely used as bulk material in reconstructive surgery for structural replacements of bone and cartilage. Porous UHMWPE can be used for trabecular bone tissue replacement, and it can be used in living cell studies as bioinert 3D substrate permeable to physiological fluids. It is important to develop techniques to govern the morphology of open-cell porous UHMWPE structures (pore size, shape, and connectivity), since this allows control over proliferation and differentiation in living cell populations. We report expe

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Tsui, T. Y., W. C. Oliver, and G. M. Pharr. "Influences of stress on the measurement of mechanical properties using nanoindentation: Part I. Experimental studies in an aluminum alloy." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 3 (1996): 752–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0091.

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The influence of applied stress on the measurement of hardness and elastic modulus using nanoindentation methods has been experimentally investigated using special specimens of aluminum alloy 8009 to which controlled stresses could be applied by bending. When analyzed according to standard methods, the nanoindentation data reveal changes in hardness with stress similar to those observed in conventional hardness tests. However, the same analysis shows that the elastic modulus changes with stress by as much as 10%, thus suggesting that the analysis procedure is somehow deficient. Comparison of t

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Chen, Ruling, Zhe Wang, Shaoxian Li, and Hongwei Du. "A novel degradation mechanism of the elastic modulus of wet polymer substrates under nanoindentation." Soft Matter 16, no. 21 (2020): 5009–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm00645a.

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Fan, Hong-Yi, Xue-Qi Gan, Yang Liu, Zhuo-Li Zhu, and Hai-Yang Yu. "The Nanomechanical and Tribological Properties of Restorative Dental Composites after Exposure in Different Types of Media." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/759038.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various acidic solutions on the surface mechanical properties of commercial resin composites with different microstructures (Filtek Z350 XT, TPH3, Durafill, and Superlux). Specimens were immersed in orange juice, cola, and distilled water for 5 days and the nanohardness, elastic modulus, and wear behavior of the samples were determined via the nanoindentation test and a reciprocating nanoscratch test. The nanoscratch morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the wear depth was recorded by scanning probe microscopy

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Leite, Edson Rubens da Silva, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein, Tomé Moreira de Souza, and Giovanni Francisco Rabelo. "Estimation of the dynamic elastic properties of wood from Copaifera langsdorffii Desf using resonance analysis." CERNE 18, no. 1 (2012): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-77602012000100006.

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Analysis of transverse vibrations has been identified as a simple, inexpensive, fast and effective method of characterizing the elastic properties of several materials, including wood. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamic elastic properties of wood from Copaifera langsdorffii through resonance analysis. A linear correlation was observed, with a coefficient of determination of 0.88, between the dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed), as determined by BING (resonance analysis), and the static modulus of elasticity (E), as determined by a universal testing machine, for wood samples

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Varna, Janis, and Mohamed Sahbi Loukil. "Effective transverse modulus of a damaged layer: Potential for predicting symmetric laminate stiffness degradation." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 14 (2016): 1945–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316658965.

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The old concept of the effective stiffness of a 90-layer with intralaminar cracks is revisited performing 3-D FEM parametric analysis of symmetric and balanced laminates. It is shown, focusing on the effective transverse modulus, that the expected dependence of this property on composite elastic properties and laminate lay-up is very weak and follows very simple rules. Calculations show that the effective longitudinal modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the layer are not affected at all by intralaminar cracking. Simple fitting curve for effective transverse modulus change with normalized crack dens

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Aitchison, Alexandra Hunter, Nicholas B. Allen, Kishen Mitra, et al. "Tunable Alginate-Polyvinyl Alcohol Bioinks for 3D Printing in Cartilage Tissue Engineering." Gels 10, no. 12 (2024): 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10120829.

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This study investigates 3D extrusion bioinks for cartilage tissue engineering by characterizing the physical properties of 3D-printed scaffolds containing varying alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentrations. We systematically investigated the effects of increasing PVA and alginate concentrations on swelling, degradation, and the elastic modulus of printed hydrogels. Swelling decreased significantly with increased PVA concentrations, while degradation rates rose with higher PVA concentrations, underscoring the role of PVA in modulating hydrogel matrix stability. The highest elastic modu

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