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1
Urunova, Raisa D., Liliya T. Yagafarova, Daria A. Ivanova, Svetlana Yu Glushkova та Alsu M. Nigmatullina. "Коммуникативный аспект местоименной вербализации пространственного дейксиса в татарском и русском языках". Oriental studies 15, № 3 (2022): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-60-3-594-603.
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Introduction. One of the important problems of contemporary linguistics is the incomplete correspondence between some linguistic categories and actual conditions of language use, which makes it difficult to apply scientific concepts in pragmatic terms. In this regard, some categories of classical linguistics require further clarification in the light of new scientific achievements. Goals. So, the article aims at analyzing deictic microsystems of languages different in origin and grammatical type through synergistic research approaches with due account of achievements of classical linguistics and data on the new communication theory. Materials and methods. The work employs comprehensive methodology: comparison of the Russian and Tatar deictic verbal means is accompanied by cross-situational/component analysis applicable in communication theory. The combination of new and traditional methods makes it possible, firstly, to optimize the traditional time-tested methods of comparing languages of different origins, and, secondly, to correct results of the comparative study in a communicative aspect. The study focuses on materials of the Tatar and Russian languages, since the latter coexist in one region and closely interact via Russian-Tatar bilingualism. Results. The use of comprehensive communicative/linguistic techniques yields a described universal action (deictic) category — implementing spatial coordination of participants and speech objects — for languages of different types. The study identifies spatial communicative indicators common to languages, features of action processes and means of their expression. Particular attention is paid to differences in the implementation of spatial deixis in the languages compared. Conclusions. Grammatically and communicatively, deixis is central to Russian and Tatar pronominal systems. Regular deictic means include key types of pronouns, such as personal, possessive, personal-demonstrative, and demonstrative ones. Functional qualities of all other pronouns and non-pronominal deictics are determined through relations with these central types.
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Urunova, Raisa D., Liliya T. Yagafarova, Daria A. Ivanova, Svetlana Yu Glushkova та Alsu M. Nigmatullina. "Коммуникативный аспект местоименной вербализации пространственного дейксиса в татарском и русском языках". Oriental studies 15, № 3 (2022): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-61-3-594-603.
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Introduction. One of the important problems of contemporary linguistics is the incomplete correspondence between some linguistic categories and actual conditions of language use, which makes it difficult to apply scientific concepts in pragmatic terms. In this regard, some categories of classical linguistics require further clarification in the light of new scientific achievements. Goals. So, the article aims at analyzing deictic microsystems of languages different in origin and grammatical type through synergistic research approaches with due account of achievements of classical linguistics and data on the new communication theory. Materials and methods. The work employs comprehensive methodology: comparison of the Russian and Tatar deictic verbal means is accompanied by cross-situational/component analysis applicable in communication theory. The combination of new and traditional methods makes it possible, firstly, to optimize the traditional time-tested methods of comparing languages of different origins, and, secondly, to correct results of the comparative study in a communicative aspect. The study focuses on materials of the Tatar and Russian languages, since the latter coexist in one region and closely interact via Russian-Tatar bilingualism. Results. The use of comprehensive communicative/linguistic techniques yields a described universal action (deictic) category — implementing spatial coordination of participants and speech objects — for languages of different types. The study identifies spatial communicative indicators common to languages, features of action processes and means of their expression. Particular attention is paid to differences in the implementation of spatial deixis in the languages compared. Conclusions. Grammatically and communicatively, deixis is central to Russian and Tatar pronominal systems. Regular deictic means include key types of pronouns, such as personal, possessive, personal-demonstrative, and demonstrative ones. Functional qualities of all other pronouns and non-pronominal deictics are determined through relations with these central types.
3
Tanigawa, Mizuki. "When Norwegian gå means deixis." Tokyo University Linguistic Papers 43 (October 29, 2021): 309–26. https://doi.org/10.15083/0002002779.
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This study investigates the semantics of the Norwegian verb gå with special reference to deixis. More specifically, it investigates under what conditions gå has an andative interpretation. Methodologically, this study combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected via the noTenTen17 Bokmål corpus and direct elicitation sessions with native Norwegian speakers. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis, I argue that animacy is not a factor that determines the deictic status of gå. Contrary to what the literature would lead one to expect, gå can have a deictic interpretation whether the subject is animate or inanimate. Additionally, based on the results of my qualitative analysis, I argue that gå can have a deictic interpretation under the following four manner-defocusing conditions: (i) gå is contrasted with the venitive verb komme ‘come’, (ii) an animate subject is interpreted as moving abstractly, (iii) an inanimate subject is conceived as having its own power to move or is metaphorically conceived as moving, and (iv) a resulting state after the motion event described by gå is foregrounded, and the motion itself is backgrounded. In sum, the findings of this study provide a better understanding of the Norwegian motion verb gå.
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Chervaneva, Victoria. "“Zdes'” is not “Tut”: Some Remarks on the Deixis of Oral Mythological Stories." Philology & Human, no. 1 (March 5, 2023): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/filichel(2023)1-12.
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The article examines the functioning of two spatial deictics “zdes'” and “tut” in the system of mythological story based on the material of the Northern Russian tradition. The analysis made it possible to reveal the composition of the meanings they represent, the quantitative ratio of these units, and the modes of use. The presence of specialization of these deictic units in the oral narrative has been established: “zdes'”, in all spatial meanings, it is used exclusively as a deictic of the speech mode and it is indicating of the speaker's location in the actual situation of speech. The lexeme “tut” is used both in the speech mode and in the narrative mode – as a means images of the situation of the text relative to the character or the observer (this feature is observed only if a specific limited area of space is designated by this word), which allows us to conclude that this lexeme performs the function of a means of narrating and modeling the chronotope of the text, separated from the actual situation of speech.
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Auer, Peter, and Anja Stukenbrock. "When ‘You’ Means ‘I’: The German 2Nd Ps.Sg. Pronoun Du between Genericity and Subjectivity." Open Linguistics 4, no. 1 (2018): 280–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2018-0015.
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Abstract In this paper, we first present a close analysis of conversational data, capturing the variety of non-addressee deictic usages of du in contemporary German. From its beginnings, it has been possible to use non-addressee deictic du not only for generic statements, but also for subjective utterances by a speaker who mainly refers to his or her own experiences. We will present some thoughts on the specific inferences leading to this interpretation, making reference to Buhler’s deixis at the phantasm. In the second part of the paper, we show that non-addressee deictic du (‘thou’) as found in present-day German is not an innovation but goes back at least to the 18th century. However, there is some evidence that this usage has been spreading over the last 50 years or so. We will link non-addressee deictic du back historically to the two types of “person-shift” for du discussed by Jakob Grimm in his 1856 article “Uber den Personenwechsel in der Rede” [On person shift in discourse]. Grimm distinguishes between person shift in formulations of “rules and law” on the one hand, and person shift in what he calls “thou-monologue” on the other. The subjective interpretation of non-addressee-deictic du in present-day German may have originated from these “thou-monologues”
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Boussaid, Youness. "Spatial Deixis in Moroccan Tachelhit Variety." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 4, no. 2 (2022): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v4i2.906.
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This paper investigates spatial deixis in Moroccan Tachelhit Variety. Deixis is a word of Greek origin which means ‘pointing.’ The paper explores the means that Tachelhit offers its speakers for spatial deictic reference, an important pragmatic aspect that linguists of Tachelhit have not heeded to. Tachelhit has a rich spatial deictic system which is thus categorized into: Demonstratives, Adverbs of Place, Prepositions, Motion Verbs, and Presentatives. Tachelhit has a four-term spatial deictic system which changes according to the interplay of gender, proximity, distance, and absence. The paper also discovers that Tachelhit is a language that benefits from spatial deictic iconicity. The two major data collection methods that were used in this qualitative paper are content analysis and elicitation technique. Some examples from other languages (English, Latin, Turkish, Indonesian, Bantu, and French) are provided for cross-linguistic comparison and instantiation.
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Kotik, Tatyana. "Semantics of Verbal Derivatives with Deictic Formants «hin» and «her» (Based on German)." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 4 (52) (December 16, 2020): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2020-52-4-136-147.
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Local deictics «hin» and «her» have a high derivational activity in the German language. These deictic elements are actively used as prefixes and enter into derivational relations with various parts of speech. It is found that the verbs constitute the majority of derivative words, formed by means of formants
 «hin» and «her» used as derivational formants. The article is devoted to the analysis of semantic of derivative verb formed by means of local deictics «hin» and «her» used as derivational formants. The article specifies semantic groups of verbs with which the analyzed linguistic units enter into derivational relations. The author of the work defines modifications types of the motion verbs semantics, as well as the verbs semantics of other semantic groups arising as a result of derivation. It has been identified that both spatial and other components, determinative, negatively evaluative, motive and other ones can arise as a result of modifications in the semantics of verbs.
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Joffre, Marie-Dominique. "LA distribution et la signification de is, ille et ipse dans les Sermons de Saint CÉsaire d'arles Concordance et discordance avec la norme « classique »." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 59, no. 1-4 (2020): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/068.2019.59.1-4.21.
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Summary:Does the system of anaphorics and deictics already change in the first part of sixth century? In this study we have examined the uses of is, ille and ipse in a few of the Admonitiones of Caesarius Arelatensis. The data have been compared with these of Cicero's Pro Milone. Caesarius uses all the forms, but we note that ille is more frequent. This deictic is expanding to the detriment of is. Also it appears that the use as attributive adjective is much less frequent in Caesarius than in Cicero. What is the reason why the use of ille will develop in late common Latin? The meaning of this deictic is very extensive: it points out to a breaking, an innovation or an opposition. It's true when the speaker continues to say words he hopes he expresses something new. Furthermore the meaning of ille is not very far from ipse which means: “He /she /it and nobody /nothing else”.
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Kobayashi, Harumi, Tetsuya Yasuda, Hiroshi Igarashi, and Satoshi Suzuki. "Language Use in Joint Action: The Means of Referring Expressions." International Journal of Social Robotics 12, no. 5 (2018): 1021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12369-017-0462-3.
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Abstract This study examined how human–human collaboration can be achieved through an exchange of verbal information in exchanging information about the referents in a joint action. Knowing other people’s referential intention is fundamental for joint action. Joint action can be achieved verbally by two types of referring expressions, namely, symbolic and deictic referring expressions. Using corpus data, we extracted nouns as typical symbolic references and demonstratives as typical deictic references. We examined whether the word usage of these terms changed when the robot vehicles controlled by the participants repeatedly performed the same collaborative task. We used a novel virtual space for the task because we wanted to control the common ground shared by the participants. The results of the performance indicate that the task completion became more efficient as the participants repeated the task. The referential word use was reduced in both symbolic and deictic references, and this reduction occurred with a grounding process among the collaborators. The study showed that reduction of referential expressions occurs with the grounding process in human–human collaboration and suggests that appropriate collaborative robot systems must deal with the reduction process of referencing in humans.
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Mahadewi, Ida Ayu Rai Nayma, Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha, and Sang Ayu Isnu Maharani. "Temporal Deictic Expressions in the Song Lyrics of Pale Waves’ My Mind Makes Noises Album." Stilistika : Journal of Indonesian Language and Literature 2, no. 2 (2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/stil.2023.v02.i02.p14.
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"Temporal Deictic Expressions in the Song Lyrics of Pale Waves’ "My Mind Makes Noises" Album" is the title of this article. This article focused on temporal deictic expressions in "My Mind Makes Noises" song lyrics that have official music videos. This article had two aims: first, to identify the temporal deictic expressions in the album's song lyrics; and second, to explain and analyze the deictic usages of the album's temporal deictic expressions. This article used a qualitative method and content analysis technique to analyze the data, with Huang's pragmatics theory as the grand theory and Halliday's context of situation theory as the supporting theory. The data for this article was gathered through the use of documentation and note-taking method and technique. This article used an informal method and descriptive technique to present the analysis, which means the results were presented in the form of descriptive words and sentences. There were six temporal deictic expressions analyzed in this article, which were then categorized into three categories based on the time of the event using pragmatics method, the context of the situation, and then the deictic usage of each temporal deictic expression. This article demonstrated that gestural deictic usage offers a clearer identification of the time of the event in temporal deictic expression, as well as an easier understanding of the context of situation.
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Nikulicheva, Dina B. "Subjective and Objective Orientation in Space by Means of Pronominal Deixis in Danish." Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka 81, no. 3 (2022): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s160578800020761-3.
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The article focuses on the three-term model of a communicative situation and its role in the restructuring of the system of deictic pronouns in the Danish language. It is argued that in addition to binary oppositions that indicate close (denne, dette, disse) or remote (den, det, de) location of an object in physical space modern Danish develops a three-term opposition of analytical demonstrative pronouns (complex demonstratives), reflecting the interaction between the three participants in a communicative act: the speaker, the listener and the external world. The study of analytical demonstrative pronouns in the Corpus of Modern Danish (Korpus DK) shows that complex demonstratives that combine two indicators of proximal deixis (denne her, dette her, disse her) are used as subjective markers of the 1st person, signaling that the deictic object intrudes into the speaker's personal space. Complex demonstratives that combine indicators of proximal and distal deixis (den her, det her, de her) are used as cohortatives, signaling the compatibility of perception of the deictic object by the addresser and the addressee. Complex demonstratives that combine indicators of the distal deixis (den der, det der, de der) serve as signals of a subjectively withdrawn or alienated object. Thus, the paradigm of complex demonstratives in the Danish language based on the idea of three “spatial belts” is established: the personal space of the speaker (1st person), the common space of communication shared with the addressee (2nd person) and the external space into which the speaker mentally remotes reproved or alienated deictic objects (3rd person).
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Soloveva, S. A. "System of Subjective Deixis Means in B.L. Pasternak’s Early Prose." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 1 (2022): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-1-141-156.
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The means and methods of subjective deixis, participating in the organization of the forms of subjective-author's narration is analyzed in the article. Their role in the formation of text interpretation strategies is determined. The relevance of the problem is associated with the peculiarities of the research material — the texts of the early prose of B. L. Pasternak, the montage of which is manifested in the alternation of points of view, the nonlinearity of the structure. This complicates the process of the reader's interpretation. The use of methods of continuous sampling, descriptive, contextual and interpretive types of analysis made it possible to reveal the specifics of the linguistic means of subjective deixis, the system of deictic relations. The analysis showed that the absence of marked transitions between exegetical (third-person narration) and diegetic (first-person narration) narrators leads to the fact that the deictic functional is simultaneously assigned to a complex of linguistic means used within the framework of one utterance or text fragment. These are personal pronouns and discursive elements that activate the reader’s attention. Inconsistency in the use of forms of subjective-author’s narration leads to the formation of hybrid models. It reflects the process of the author’s search, an attempt to establish deictic parity (synchronicity of perception) between the author, character, reader and “observer”, forms new relations in the author-reader system.
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Sowa, Rochus. "Deictic Abstractions:On the Occasional References to Ideal Objectivities Producible with the Words “This” and “Thus”*." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 42, no. 1 (2011): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916211x567451.
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AbstractThis essay introduces the concept of deictic abstraction (deictic ideation), taking as a point of departure Husserl’s prototypical but insufficient description of the act of ideation in which a shade of color comes to givenness as an ideal object, i.e., a non-individual or abstract object, on the basis of a perceived individual object. This concept comprises not only color-ideation and ideations (abstractions) of universalities of the sensuous sphere (species infima of certain sounds, noises, smells, tastes), but all acts founded in perceptions in which ideal objects are directly referred to by means of demonstrative expressions (“this,” “like this,” “such,” etc.). This allows various types of deictic ideations or abstractions, corresponding to the degree of universality and the kind of ideal object concerned, to be brought to light through the analysis of particular cases of everyday acts of deictic abstraction, including deictic abstractions of predicative universals of the lowest level of universality (e.g., “this smell of perfume,” “a bug like this”); deictic abstractions of non-predicative universals, especially of universal ways (manners, schemata) of doing something (e.g., of tying a shoelace); and deictic abstractions of individual styles of doing something (e.g., of playing a musical composition in a typical individual way). Deictic abstractions not only turn out to be constitutive for the formation of perceptual concepts of the lower and lowest levels, but also prove to be foundational for all kinds of learning in which schemata of actions are acquired from a model (observational learning).
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Yerznkyan, Yelena. "Deixis as a Significant Element of Human Communication." Armenian Folia Anglistika 5, no. 1-2 (6) (2009): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2009.5.1-2.172.
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The article attempts to reveal the semantic characteristics of deixis that determine the role of deictic words in the process of communication. Deixis is viewed as a means of linguistic nomination that points out the main elements of the communication act – the place, time, the speaker and the hearer. Deictic words link two different situations – content (what is stated) and speech, extralinguistic (when, where, and by whom the communication is realized).
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Seidova, Nargiz. "Diachronic Analysis and Deictic Means of French Benevolences and Curses." Chuzhdoezikovo Obuchenie-Foreign Language Teaching 48, no. 2 (2021): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/for21.26dia.
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Benevolences and curses, integral and authentic part of the discourse, most clearly reflect the culture of people. The use of these expressions in the communication space of different languages indicates the need for their study from the standpoint of linguistics, folklore, stylistics, rhetoric, psychology, cultural studies and other sciences. This article provides diachronic analysis and examines the deictic means of French benevolences and curses in the French language. The material for the study was the texts of the Bible, French epic poems, medieval legends, ballads, tales, and fiction. When considering this topic, the author used both general and special scientific methods and techniques: a historical-etymological method, a descriptive method that includes methods for observing, comparing, interpreting and classifying the material being studied; semantic identification method; distribution method. Comparing the medieval French discourse with the modern French language, the author examined the grammatical and semantic evolution, which underwent benevolences and curses.
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Khalida, Yuldasheva. "GRAMMATICAL MEANS INDICATING SOCIAL DEIXIS IN A LITERARY TEXT." International journal of word art 5, no. 4 (2022): 5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6777557.
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Speech activity always occurs in connection with the need to express in linguistic form a personal attitude to reality in connection with it. Such speech activity is carried out with the help of deictic means. In this article, pronouns, forms of address as grammatical means pointing to social deixis are involved in the analysis. Personal pronouns, forms of address, participating in the speech process, indicate the social status of the speaker and listener. These units, which make up social deixis, are analyzed by the example of a literary text.
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Mahmudova, Shafagat Abdulla. "Different Considerations About the Concept of Deixis." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, no. 7 (2023): 1674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1307.10.
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This article discusses different considerations about the concept of deixis. According to world linguists, the deixis category is one of the categories of pragmalinguistics. Deixis plays a particularly important role in language. Deixis is the function of a linguistic unit expressed as meaning, or expressed through lexical and grammatical means. The relation of deixis to the context and speech situation indicates its relevance to pragmatics. Deixis includes the components of the speech act, the subject, the time and space localization of the fact. Appropriate verbal means are called deictic expressions or elements. Deictic elements show themselves as a style of reference. They perform a marking function and are attached to each item depending on the choice of speech moment.
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Buryanova, Anastasia A. "Deixis as a category of journalist’s mental space in reportage message." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 2(2021) (June 25, 2021): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2021-2-186-198.
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This article systematically analyzes the cognitive structure of discursive deixis. The category of deixis is interpreted in terms of structuring actual events in reportage messages and texts, an impartial representation of objective reality as an epistemological entity reproduced and changed by the journalist. Deixis is interpreted as a pragmatic category that is structured around the corresponding ideal cognitive model, measured on the prototypical scale, since it is implemented based on nuclear and peripheral means of expression. It is argued that deictic means reproduce specific mental spaces in reportage texts, while the metaphorical generating basis for discursive deixis is spatial deixis. The functioning of discursive deixis is based on the metaphorical awareness of the reportage text as an epistemological entity unfolding in space and time. In the reportage narration, the journalist shifts the deictic center from the situation in objective reality to the textual embodiment of the image of himself / herself. In this case, the category of locativity is represented as a cognitive structure that captures the spatio-temporal characteristics of an actual event through the prism of journalistic perception. Based on these characteristics, the reader localizes this event, interprets it in terms of the general event canvas unfolding in objective reality. In the reportage text, the deictic center is not static: the detail of the actual event is carried out, among other things, by means of shifts in this center. Current events are reproduced by the journalist taking into account specific spatial and temporal parameters. These events are often considered against the background of previous or subsequent (hypothetical) eventfulness, and therefore shifts in the original deictic center of the reportage text are a natural phenomenon.
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Abdulilah Gheni, Ali. "دراسة لنظرية الانتقال الاشاري بوصفة منهجا اسلوبيا في تحليل تأثيرات وجهة النظر في الخطاب السردي". ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 58, № 2 (2019): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v58i2.880.
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Traditionally, most approaches to stylistic analysis are not related to cognitive processes by which readers are engaged and conceptualized to a particular point of view while reading a text. Against this account , emerged through 1980s and 1990s, various stylistic models for identifying categories of point of view in fiction, and this brings a cognitive perspective in analysis of narrative stylistics. Deictic shift theory is an act to demonstrate how readers are completely engaged in narratives, to a degree that they interpret events in narrative as if they were experiencing them from a position within the story world. According to Segal(1995,p15),deictic shift theory (henceforth DST) means that '' the reader often takes a cognitive attitude within the world of narrative and interprets the text from that perspective' 'and this happens as a result of deictic shifts within the narratives that change the deictic center from which the sentences of the text are interpreted. It follows that such changes in the deictic center across the course of a text will result in changes in the point of view that readers will be exposed to(Mclntyre,2006,p92).The present study aims to investigate the role of deictic shift theory as a cognitive perspective to point of view effects in the selected poem written by Seamus Heaney in his famous poem '' Mossbawn'' . The emphasis will be shifted away from narrative techniques towards theconceptual framework that tackles the cognitive processes of both reading and interpretation. However, the study will show how applying DST is an indispensable in tackling stylistic analysis to point of view which develops our understanding of the construction of viewpoints in language.The analysis has shown that the cognitive work of DST is used as a device in the poem in order to arrive at the comprehensive meaning of text. The poet uses different deictic shifts and projection of viewpoints of personal pronoun, locational, and temporal deixis and references which are interrelated between the fictional text world of the poem and the real central world of the reader. Also, it is seen that in cognitive terms there is a shift between the past and the present, a rapid back and forth shift of deictic center and field which is tackled by the reader's perspective
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Alqurashi, Naif. "The Effect of Academic Level on the Use of Deictic Expressions in ESL Learners' Writing: A Corpus Driven Investigation." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 8, no. 3 (2025): 77–90. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2025.6.4.11.
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Deictic expressions are essential linguistic elements that facilitate communication by anchoring utterances to specific temporal, spatial, and personal contexts. However, mastering deixis presents challenges for ESL learners due to its reliance on pragmatic competence. This study examines how academic level influences the use of deictic expressions among first-year and fourth-year ESL students through a corpus-driven analysis. The findings indicate that first-year students rely heavily on explicit deictic markers, particularly personal and temporal deixis, while fourth-year students demonstrate a shift toward more grammaticalized and indirect reference strategies. The results suggest that advanced learners develop alternative means of maintaining discourse coherence, reducing their dependence on overt deixis. These insights highlight the importance of tailored pedagogical interventions that address both explicit and implicit deixis usage. The study provides valuable implications for ESL instruction, emphasizing the need for corpus-based approaches to enhance learners’ pragmatic competence in referential cohesion and discourse structure.
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Shipova, I. A. "Modal verbs as a means of expression in a literary text (based on the novel “Atemschaukel” (“The Swing of Breathing”) by H. Müller)." Rhema, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2953-2023-1-58-76.
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The article considers modal verbs in German as elements of the language system, which can act in a literary text not only as actualizers of different types of modality, but also as means of linguistic expressiveness. In the text of H. Müller’s novel “The Swing of Breathing” (Herta Müller “Atemschaukel”), we find the necessary prerequisites for the realization of the expressive potential of modal verbs. The corpus of examples demonstrates that the concentration of modal meanings in rather small parts of the text, the contact arrangement of markers of non-deictic and deictic modality, their combinatorial combination, the juxtaposition of the meanings of necessity, possibility, desirability or undesirability intensify the expressiveness of the content. With the help of the variable use of modal verbs, the author figuratively represents the situation of violence and coercion, which constitute the dominant meanings of the narrative.
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Kravchenko, Nataliia K., Sviatoslav I. Vylinskyi, and Oleksandr I. Yudenko. "DEICTIC MITIGATION VS COMMISSIVE ACTS IN POLITICAL INTERVIEW (BASED ON THE MODERN EUROPEAN DISCOURSE OF AID TO UKRAINE)." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 2, no. 24 (2022): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2022-2-24-16.
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The article deals with the problem of correlation between the illocutionary force of indirect commissive acts and shields as deictic mitigating markers that reduce the level of promises by influencing their felicity conditions. The purpose of the article is to clarify the types of deictic shields and their function in weakening the illocutionary force of indirect promises in the European political discourse of assistance to Ukraine. The purpose is achieved by solving the following objectives that determine the research algorithm, including (a) felicity conditions revealing for commissives, weakened by shields that affect the illocutionary force of acts; (b) identifying those deictic coordinates of statements, the reference to which weakens the illocutionary force of commissives; (c) lexical-semantic and syntactic deictic mitigators complex determination. To achieve the purpose and objectives set in the article, the following research methods are used: the method of speech acts analysis and the method of inferencing the shields-based conventional implicatures, supplemented by elements of componential analysis. The article reached the following principal results. Firstly, among the felicity conditions for commissives weakened by shields, the article highlights the condition of speaker’s sincerity and the preparatory condition of his / her ability to perform a promissive act. Due to the shields, the promise is transferred from the scope of the action to the scope of the speaker’s possibilities. Secondly, based on the understanding of shields as the markers affecting either the speaker’s / addresser’s face-protecting attitude to the proposition or the deictic space-temporal-object coordinates of the utterance, the paper has identified that the illocutionary force of indirect commissives is mitigated by personal, temporal and object shields. Thirdly, we have singled out and specified a set of illocution-mitigating deictic devices, including means of role-playing deixis, epistemological modal verbs and their substitutes, which denote or connotate semes of “capabilities” and “possibilities”, means of negation, temporary deixis devices, i.e. the lexical and grammatical markers of future tense, resulting in the vagueness of promises / obligations; presuppositional adverbs with inference pattern of “impediment to a promised action”; passive structures that withdraw the speaker from the position of phrasal subject and an agent of the promising action; verbs and adverbs, which in their inference patterns contain the denotative or contextually connotated semes of a temporal reference to an indefinite future; metonymic generalization of the agent of action. The prospect for further research is the analysis of all types of mitigators, including bushes, hedges and shields, in their projection on rhetorical and manipulative methods of argumentation in political discourse as manifested by the discourse-forming concept “Caution”.
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Feshchenko, Vladimir V. "Experimental deixis in the space of poetic text." Slovo.ru: Baltic accent 14, no. 2 (2023): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2023-2-3.
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The article deals with the linguopoetics of deixis as one of the key mechanisms for expressing subjectivity in artistic communication. The aim of the study is to discuss the specifics of deictic words and constructions in experimental poetic discourse. The second part of the article analyzes the functions of personal, spatial, and discourse (textual) deixis in the visual layout of a poetic text (spatial design of verse). The material for analysis encompasses Edward Cummings’ experimental verse, conceptual poetry, US Language Writing, and Arkadii Dragomoshchenko’s poetic texts. The study has found that the deictic means of language, interacting with the visual space of the poetic text, actualize the dynamic subjectivity of the aesthetic utterance. In poetic discourse, the spatiality, length and duration of the utterance (message) as such is a particularly active field of indexicality.
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Engberg-Pedersen, Eliabeth. "Point of View in Danish Sign Language." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 15, no. 2 (1992): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500002602.
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One way of expressing a particular point of view depends on deixis; the sender ‘lends’ his means of expressing his own point of view to another referent. In Danish Sign Language there are three such basically deictic means of expressing a particular point of view, namely shifted reference, shifted attribution of expressive elements, and shifted locus. Eveathough especially the last two phenomena may seem special to sign languages, they have clear functional parallels in spoken languages.
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Nitka, Gabriela. "Funktionen und Beitrag des Demonstrativpronomens dasselbe und der deiktischen Determinative derselbe, dieselbe, dasselbe, Pl. dieselben zur Informationsstruktur in deutschen Gesetzestexten." Germanica Wratislaviensia 143 (December 17, 2018): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0435-5865.143.19.
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Der Beitrag ist der informationsstrukturell motivierten Entwicklung der Referenzidentität mit einem Diskursreferenten gewidmet. Untersucht wird hier die Herstellung der Bekanntheit mit einer Entität, die mit Hilfe von dem Demonstrativpronomen dasselbe und den deiktischen Determinativen derselbe, dieselbe, dasselbe, Pl. dieselben realisiert wird. Als Untersuchungsgrundlage fungieren die Rechtsvorschriften des deutschen Handelsgesetzbuches. Function and contribution of the demonstrative pronoun dasselbe and the deictic determinatives derselbe, dieselbe, dasselbe, pl. dieselben by formation of information structure in German legal textsThe article is devoted to the development of the reference identity with a discourse representative, which is motivated by information structure. The focus of the investigation is on determining givenness with an entity by means of the demonstrative pronoun dasselbe and deictic determinatives derselbe, dieselbe, dasselbe, pl. dieselben. The basis of the analysis are the legal texts of the German Commercial Code.
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Antonopoulou, Eleni, and Kiki Nikiforidou. "Deictic motion and the adoption of perspective in Greek." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 12, no. 3 (2002): 273–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.12.3.02ant.
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In this paper we examine the semantics-pragmatics of the deictic motion verb erxome ‘come’ in central and extended uses. We argue that a detailed language-specific analysis of erxome and its systemic counterpart pijeno ‘go’ is necessary, since even at the level of basic appropriateness conditions, there are significant differences from other languages. Based on extensive corpus data, we further argue that in third-person discourse erxome is a conventional means of adopting perspective. In particular, we show that the factors which are relevant to the speaker’s/narrator’s choice to identify with a particular point of view are amenable to a principled description which relies both on discoursal parameters and text-sensitive generalizations. Motivating the adoption-of-perspective uses is a subjectification shift whereby the speaker’s presence at the goal of motion becomes increasingly more implicit. Our results, therefore, add to the study of deixis in natural languages, point to the existence of generalizations in the complex factors that underlie construal and highlight some of the cognitive mechanisms involved in meaning shifts.
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Mas Tajuddin Ahmad. "Deiksis Waktu dan Ruang Dalam Surat Al-Waqiah." Jurnal Motivasi Pendidikan dan Bahasa 1, no. 1 (2023): 177–86. https://doi.org/10.59581/jmpb-widyakarya.v1i1.549.
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Language is the most important means of communication. Language also has scientific value, one of the studies of linguistics or linguistics is pragmatics. The discussion of pragmatics examines deixis, where a word has a meaning to refer to the meaning of something that has existed before. Deixis is a phenomenon in which contextual information is identified by lexical forms or grammatical distinctions, information that becomes clear only when linked to context. Phenomena involving phrases that cannot be separated from their context are called deictic expressions. Meanwhile, several linguistic forms used to indicate something are called deictic. Al-Qur'an is a book that contains a very deep meaning and has even been studied further. Based on semantic studies, the Qur'an contains words that are full of meaning. In this context, the researcher conducted his research on Surah Al Waqi'ah and focused on the study of time and space deixis.
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Gabets, Anna, and Arnau Barios Gené. "Pragmalinguistic Features of American Presidents’ Inaugural Addresses of the Last Century (1913-2013)." Journal of Language and Education 2, no. 3 (2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2016-2-3-22-31.
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This paper studies the pragmalinguistic markers of the political discourse in American presidents’ inaugural addresses made from 1913 to 2013 and concentrates on the language units that reveal the potential of perlocutionary speech acts. The study analyzes the role of such domains of pragmalinguistics as deixis, reference, presupposition, cognitive structures in inaugural addresses, and their representation in speeches. The method of discourse-analysis, the method of contextual analysis, and the method of quantitative processing are used in the study. The means of deixis have several functions in these speech texts, providing some extra-linguistic information and additional meaning for the utterances. Firstly, the change of deictic center conveys a certain shift of attention and redirects the addressee’s thoughts. Secondly, the means of deixis represent presuppositions, ones which members of the public are unlikely to question since these presuppositions are explicitly referred to and the information provided includes people’s background assumptions. Thirdly, personal, temporal and spatial deixes are integrated in the actualization of the most important concept found in every speech of every American president – the concept of the “American nation”: deictic forms along with nouns with evaluative implications add to the pragmatic effect of the concept reflected in speech. Fourthly, the deictic means participate in the construction of a binary that juxtaposes “us” vs. “them”, typical of political utterances in the genre of inaugural addresses. A special form of reference constituting an important part of the concept of the “American nation” in inauguration addresses is precedent phenomena. Their main sources are the Bible, speeches of former politicians, texts of famous American documents. Reference to religious discourse and parts of national history familiar to everyone brings the feeling of joy to the public appealing to a basic national myth of a happy community. Thus means of deixis, presupposition and special type of reference are the characteristic of American inauguration speeches used for the purposes of strong pragmalinguistic effect. The dynamics of the usage of the precedent phenomena and other constituent parts of the concept “American nation” reflects the changes in political context of the epoch.
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Vishnevskaya, E. M., and N. I. Hajdu. "PERSONAL AND DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS AS LINGUISTIC MEANS OF MODELLING THE ADDRESSEE IN KATE FOX’S BOOK “WATCHING THE ENGLISH”." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 3(30) (December 31, 2020): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2020.30.3.007.
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Problem statement. The paper considers person deixis as linguistic means of modelling the addressee in Kate Fox’s book “Watching the English. The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour”. It tackles particular characteristics of linguistic and cultural situation that define the type of addressee. The paper features examples of person deixis and the author’s use of these linguistic means. It describes the semantic features and the ability of the pronouns to function as deictic markers which provide cohesion of the components in the speech act. The main objective in the study was to analyze the text from the pragmatic point of view, particularly the pronoun deixis and communicative tactics applied by the author. Results. The study revealed the dual nature of the addressee communicated by means of personal pronouns. In the text, the addressee is portrayed as a representative of either the author’s native culture or another culture. When talking to her compatriots, the author unites herself with the addressee by using the pronoun “we”. In other contexts, she takes the position of an observer by the foreign reader’s side and uses third-person pronouns. The study has also revealed that the author uses the indicative pronoun “that” as a way of enhancing the evaluativity in the text, while “this” has the same function in the text as the first-person pronouns. Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that the author uses a variety of deictic techniques to present her position, thus achieving the maximum involvement of the addressee in the narrative.
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Felgenhauer, T. "Technik, Digitalität und Raum – Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zu den Geographien alltäglichen Technikgebrauchs." Geographica Helvetica 70, no. 2 (2015): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-97-2015.
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Abstract. The article reviews the relationship between technology and geography from a social science perspective. Especially, the everyday use of technology is discussed as a form of "geography-making". Making use of technology means that an interaction between lay users and experts (the designer of an abstract system and its user interface) takes place which basically implies the use and translation of differing spatial symbolisations: mainly numerical/algorithmic, deictic, and toponymical terms.
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Hooper, Robin. "Deixis and aspect." Studies in Language 26, no. 2 (2002): 283–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.26.2.04hoo.
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Semantic extensions of spatial deictics and of verbs meaning ‘come’ and ‘go’ have aroused interest in the context of studies of grammaticalisation. Reflexes of the Proto Polynesian directional particles *mai ‘towards speaker’/venitive, *atu ‘away from speaker’/andative, *hake ‘upwards’ and *hifo ‘downwards’ show the development of psychological, expressive and temporal meanings from concrete (in this case spatial) meanings which has been seen as central to many cases of semantic change. This discussion of Tokelauan mai and atu is based on a quantitative analysis of a corpus of spoken Tokelauan. In most types of discourse, the expression of spatial deixis is by no means the most frequent use of the particles. Uses relating to communication, perception, emotion, point of view and speaker’s attitude predominate. Most interestingly, there is also evidence for the development of aspectual functions. I show that the venitive particle mai can function as a marker of continuative aspect and that this development arises from its temporal and evidential uses. The andative particle atu can indicate ingressive aspect, particularly in certain idiomatic collocations and in ‘begin’ constructions. These meanings lack spatial content, but the deictic element is always detectable, though at a more abstract level.
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Moore, Allan F. "Where is Here? An Issue of Deictic Projection in Recorded Song." Journal of the Royal Musical Association 135, no. 1 (2010): 145–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690401003597813.
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This article develops a theoretic base for the hermeneutics of spatialization in recorded popular song, drawing from work in ecological perception, cognitive linguistics, proxemics and some music semiotics. It uses this base in order specifically to observe a range of uses of the deictic expression ‘here’ in the lyrics of popular songs, and from this observation to construct a typology. It draws from a very wide range of Anglophone genres, stretching across most of the previous century and beyond, exploring the varying extents to which the music that encompasses such lyrics helps to fix a type of location indexed by ‘here’. Such an exercise forms part of a larger programme to establish a grounding that permits a reasoned response to Ricoeur's call to interpret the text by means of disclosing a ‘possible way of looking at things'.
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Yerznkyan, Yelena. "Deixis in Polite Interaction." Armenian Folia Anglistika 2, no. 1-2 (2) (2006): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2006.2.1-2.036.
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The article examines two crucially important notions – the correlation of politeness and deixis in speech. Viewing the category of politeness as a most important means to regulate the complicated relations between the agents of a communication process – the speaker and the addressee, the author attempts to reveal the role of deictic units in speech and demonstrate the importance of their right choice and application in expressing the speaker’s intention. To define the degree of politeness, the article distinguishes between speaker-centered and addressee-centered utterances.
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Nitka, Gabriela. "Die informationsstrukturell motivierte Entwicklung der Bekanntheit mit einer Entität, realisiert durch den Einsatz des Demonstrativpronomens derjenige und der deiktischen Determinative derjenige, diejenige, dasjenige, Pl. diejenigen." Germanica Wratislaviensia 143 (December 17, 2018): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0435-5865.143.18.
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Der Beitrag expliziert und exemplifiziert die Entwicklung der Bekanntheit mit einem Diskursreferenten, die auf der Ebene der deutschen normativen Rechtstexte aus dem Bereich des Handelsrechts vollzogen wird. Als grammatische Ausdruckmittel, die diese Art der Spezifizierung zum Ausdruck bringen, fungieren hier das Demonstrativpronomen derjenige und die deiktischen Determinative derjenige, diejenige, dasjenige, Pl. diejenigen. Erwähnt werden sollte, dass die Kennzeichnung eines Diskursreferenten als bekannt/alt hier auf zwei Ebenen zugleich entwickelt wird, was in informationsstruktureller Hinsicht ein interessantes Phänomen darstellt.Formation of the “givenness” with a discourse representativereasoned by information structures with an entity realized bythe demonstrative pronoun derjenige and the deictic determinatives derjenige, diejenige, dasjenige, pl. diejenigenThis article describes and illustrates the formation of the “givenness” with a discourse representative, which is accomplished at the level of normative texts of the German Commercial Code. The grammatical means which illustrate such type of identification are the demonstrative pronoun derjenige and deictic determinatives derjenige, diejenige, dasjenige, pl. diejenige. It should be emphasized that the identification of a discourse representative as a given/new runs here on two levels, which – from a perspective of information structures – is a captivating phenomenon.
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Kulzhanat, Bulatbayeva, Kаziyeva Gulnara та Sagimbayeva Gulnur. "Cоmmunicative Registers as Means of Expressing Author's Position in Monologue Speech". Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 6, № 2 (2016): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v6i2.569.
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During monologue speech one does not take into consideration author' position. In monologue utterance of learners as a rule author`s position absent. An academician Zolotova– pointed out five communicative registers of speech: reproductive, informative, generative, voluntive and reactive. They may be taken as means of teaching of expressing author`s position. In the work is described functioning of these communicative registers of speech in semantic types of a text, suggested by Passov. In the frame work of each type is shown functioning of the most frequently used registers, defining the role of a speaker toward to the information of a text: “the person who observes”, “the person who participates in social events”, “the person who gives information”, “the person who encourages”, “the person who reacts to some events” and “the person who generates information”. In the connection of functioning of registers of speech in the text the described examples of marked language means. Keywords: communicative register; reproductive register; informative register; generative register; voluntive register; reactive register; author`s position; monologue speech; time schedule; modal-temporal plan of text; deictic line of text.
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Skripka, V. "Demonstratives sei and onyi in P. Tolstoy’s translation of “The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire”." Philology and Culture, no. 3 (October 17, 2024): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2782-4756-2024-77-3-104-109.
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The paper considers the use of demonstrative pronouns sei and onyi in the treatise “The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire” (the manuscript of the Academy of Sciences Library, No. 31.3.22), translated from Italian into Russian by P. Tolstoy at the beginning of the 18th century. The purpose of the study is to determine the principles Tolstoy was guided by when choosing a particular pronoun and the facts that could have influenced his translation technique.We have determined that some regularities could be found: for instance, Tolstoy preferred to translate Italian proximal deictic pronouns (questo and etymologically proximal ciò) using sei, while quello, a distal deictic pronoun, was translated using onyi, which indicates that the pronouns retain their ancient meaning, although they are not opposed as a means of anaphora either in the Russian or in the Italian text. However, when there is no demonstrative pronoun in the original text, of the two pronouns Tolstoy preferred to add onyi in the anaphoric function and sei in the common deictic expressions preže sego ‘before’, vyše sego ‘above’ and niže sego ‘below’.While the manuscript was being prepared for publication, some grammatical corrections were made; in general, it did not concern the pronouns sei and onyi, except for one fact: the inconsistent replacements of onyi with tot when the pronoun related to a subordinate clause. The change, in our opinion, could be explained by the features of the Russian demonstrative pronouns system: since at least the 14th century up to the present time, this function has been performed by tot. Having appeared in this role under the influence of the Italian pronoun quello, the pronoun onyi, which consistently performs this function in Italian, in the eyes of the editor, was to be replaced.
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Hafidzi, Bayo. "DEIXIS IN DISNEY MOVIE: CINDERELLA." Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia 3, no. 7 (2022): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/japendi.v3i7.1119.
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When we communicate, especially through coversation or any means of communication, often we use phrases or words that describe time, place, or a person in a specific way within a specific context. Expressions of time and place usually called deictic expressions that included in Deixis. There is 5 Deixis which is people deixis, place deixis, article deixis, and social deixis. This research has a main focus to analyze the use of deictic espressions used in the 2015 Disney movie titled “Cinderella”. In this paper, researchers will be gathering data from the script of 2015 Disney Movie "Cinderella" in order to carry out the Pragmatic Deixis Theory. The method of research this article will be use is a qualitatively research with descriptive approach about what deixis is in "Cinderella" movie. This research had a purpose to identify and classify what kind of deixis and also meaning of each deixis that were used on the 2015 Disney movie "Cinderella". Based on collected data this research have gathered, it is concluded to understand source of Deixis from "Cinderella" by Disney movie on 2015, researcher have a better understanding to interpret it's deixis with it's appropriate word, research and reader's comprehension about what deixis meaning is slightly improve.
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Cabeza Pereiro, Carmen, and Ana Fernández Soneira. "The expression of time in Spanish Sign Language (LSE)." Sign Language and Linguistics 7, no. 1 (2004): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.7.1.06cab.
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Our aim in this paper is to describe and systematize the processes used to express time in Spanish Sign Language (LSE). The conception of time as a line, as well as its nature as a deictic category, are confirmed for both spoken languages and sign languages, although in the former time has been studied mainly as inflection, while other types of resources are common in the latter, particularly the expression of time by means of time lines. In our analysis we have focused mainly on the description of the lexical processes and the time lines that participate in time marking in LSE. We have also referred to an iconic process, which involves the use of so-called "classifier" predicates.
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Łozińska, Joanna. "The expression of path in three satellite-framed languages." Jezikoslovlje 20, no. 1 (2019): 31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29162/jez.2019.2.
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Cross-linguistic studies of the lexicalization of motion tend to contrast satellite- with verb-framed languages (e.g. Slobin 1996; 2004; Cardini 2008; Özçalışkan & Slobin 2003; Kopecka 2004; Fargard et al. 2013, etc.) and concentrate less frequently on intra-typological analyses (but cf. e.g. Filipović 2007; Hasko 2010; Ibarretxe-Antuñano 2009; Ibarretxe-Antuñano & Hijazo-Gascón 2012). Even fewer studies contrast genetically related languages (but cf. e.g. Łozińska 2018). The main aim of this study was to establish the path-saliency cline of three satellite-framed languages: Polish, Russian, and English. The analysis was based on elicited data. The overall patterns of expressing the path of motion in the three languages were shown to be caused by their belonging to the same typological category. The differences could be attributed, to a large extent, to differences in the morphological structures and in the lexical repertoires of motion-coding expressions available to the speakers of the three languages. However, the analysis of descriptions of three specific spatial situations (i.e. vertical, boundary-crossing, and deictic relations) pointed to other factors that may influence path coding in the three languages. Thus, despite the satellite-verb character of the languages examined and the morpho-syntactic differences between them, all our participants, who were native speakers of the three languages examined, tended to code vertical relations by means of path verbs. The number of tokens of path verbs used to code this particular spatial relation was found to be higher than the number of tokens of path verbs used to code deictic or boundary-crossing motion.
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Вишневская, Е. М., and Н. И. Хайду. "PERSONAL AND DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS AS LINGUISTIC MEANS OF MODELLING THE ADDRESSEE IN KATE FOX’S BOOK “WATCHING THE ENGLISH”." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 3(47) (October 24, 2020): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.85.25.007.
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Постановка задачи. Исследование посвящено анализу ролевого дейксиса как языкового средства моделирования адресата на материале произведения К. Фокс «Наблюдая за англичанами». В рамках исследования рассматривалась специфика языковой ситуации, которой обусловлен тип адресата. В статье также представлены примеры, иллюстрирующие явление дейксиса и его использование автором произведения. Основными задачами исследования являлись анализ текста с точки зрения прагматики, анализ местоименного дейксиса в тексте произведения, а также определение основных коммуникативных тактик и стратегий взаимодействия автора с адресатом. Результаты. В ходе работы была выявлена дуальная природа адресата, актуализируемая через личные местоимения. Адресат фигурирует в тексте в двух образах: в качестве представителя либо родной культуры автора, либо другой культуры. В одной части повествования автор, обращаясь к соотечественникам, объединяет себя с адресатом при помощи местоимения «мы», в то время как в другой прибегает к использованию местоимений третьего лица, занимая позицию нейтрального наблюдателя рядом с читателем-иностранцем. Автор также применяет указательное местоимение that как способ усиления оценочного значения в тексте, в то время как this функционирует в соответствии с теми же принципами, что и местоимения первого лица. Выводы. По результатам исследования был сделан вывод о том, что для предоставления своей позиции автор пользуется разнообразными приемами, достигая таким образом максимальной включенности адресата в повествование. Problem statement. The paper considers person deixis as linguistic means of modelling the addressee in Kate Fox’s book “Watching the English. The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour”. It tackles particular characteristics of linguistic and cultural situation that define the type of addressee. The paper features examples of person deixis and the author’s use of these linguistic means. It describes the semantic features and the ability of the pronouns to function as deictic markers which provide cohesion of the components in the speech act. The main objective in the study was to analyze the text from the pragmatic point of view, particularly the pronoun deixis and communicative tactics applied by the author. Results. The study revealed the dual nature of the addressee communicated by means of personal pronouns. In the text, the addressee is portrayed as a representative of either the author’s native culture or another culture. When talking to her compatriots, the author unites herself with the addressee by using the pronoun “we”. In other contexts, she takes the position of an observer by the foreign reader’s side and uses third-person pronouns. The study has also revealed that the author uses the indicative pronoun “that” as a way of enhancing the evaluativity in the text, while “this” has the same function in the text as the first-person pronouns. Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that the author uses a variety of deictic techniques to present her position, thus achieving the maximum involvement of the addressee in the narrative.
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Urzha, Anastasia V. "The Foregrounding Function of Praesens Historicum in Russian Translated Adventure Narratives (20th Century)." Slovene 5, no. 1 (2016): 226–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2016.5.1.9.
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This research focuses on the functioning of praesens historicum forms which Russian translators use to substitute for English narrative forms referring to past events. The study applies the Theory of Grounding and Russian Communicative Functional Grammar to the comparative discourse analysis of English-language adventure stories and novels created in the 19th and 20th centuries and their Russian translations. The Theory of Grounding is still not widely used in Russian translation studies, nor have its concepts and fruitful ideas been related to the achievements of Russian Narratology and Functional Grammar. This article presents an attempt to find a common basis in these academic traditions as they relate to discourse analysis and to describe the role of praesens historicum forms in Russian translated adventure narratives. The corpus includes 22 original texts and 72 Russian translations, and the case study involves six Russian translations of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, focusing on the translation made by Korney Chukovsky, who employed historic present more often than in other translations of the novel. It is shown that the translation strategy of substituting the original English-language past forms with Russian present forms is realized in foregrounded and focalized segments of the text, giving them additional saliency. This strategy relates the use of historic present to the functions of deictic words and words denoting visual or audial perception, locating the deictic center of the narrative in the spacetime of the events and allowing the reader to join the focalizing WHO (a narrator or a hero). Translations that regularly mark the foreground through the use of the historic present and accompanying lexical-grammatical means are often addressed to young readers.
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Dobrova, G. R., and O. I. Petelina. "On the Role of Generalization in the Process of Temporal Deixis Ontogenesis." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 165, no. 3 (2023): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.3.79-90.
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This article examines the role of generalization in the process of mastering temporal deixis in preschool children. Up to a certain age, children have difficulty in the acquisition of deixis, which is due to their individual and age-related characteristics, subjective perception of time, and inability to adjust to an actual starting point when it fails to match their “I-here-now” understanding. Here, the results of an analysis of children’s statements (from our notes and the diary entries by various authors) and the experimental data from 54 children aged 4 to 7 years are discussed and summarized. A number of examples are provided that prove the key importance of generalization skills in the acquisition of temporal deixis by preschool children. Detailed investigation of children’s statements reveals that most preschool children make incorrect generalizations in the early stages of speech ontogenesis: they often use “labels” (certain general “temporal” words that do not depend on the reference point) to mark time intervals, confuse and interchange antonyms like “tomorrow” and “yesterday”, use the same temporal word to refer to all past or future events, or mix up various associative series that belong to the category of time. However, through the incorrect choice and use of deictic means, young children gradually begin to recognize the meaning and correct use of deictic units. Thus, generalization facilitates children’s ability to comprehend language and its phenomena, such as the use of temporal deixis. The obtained results may be helpful for further psycholinguistic and ontolinguistic research, for teaching special courses on psycholinguistics, and for the work of specialists in the field of preschool education and speech ontogenesis.
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Casillas, Luis, Adriana Peña, and Alfredo Gutierrez. "Towards an Automated Model to Evaluate Collaboration through Non-Verbal Interaction in Collaborative Virtual Environments." International Journal of e-Collaboration 12, no. 4 (2016): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2016100102.
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Virtual environments represent a helpful resource for learning and training. In their multiuser modality, Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE) support geographical distant people to experience collaborative learning and team training; a context in which the automatic monitor of collaboration can provide valuable and in time information, either for human instructors or intelligent tutor systems, about individual and group performance. CVE enable people to share a virtual space where they interact through a graphical representation, generating nonverbal behavior such as gaze-direction or deictic gestures, a potential means to understand collaboration. This paper presents an automated model and its inference mechanisms to evaluate collaboration in CVE based on the nonverbal activity of the participants. The model is a multi-layer analysis that includes: data filtering, fuzzy classification, and rule-based inference producing high-level assessment for group collaboration.
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Wieczorek, Anna Ewa. "Embedded discourse spaces in narrative reports." Discourse Studies 22, no. 2 (2019): 221–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445619893776.
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This article aims to discuss conceptual levels of narrative representations of utterances based on reported speech frames employed in presidential speeches. It adopts some assumptions from Chilton’s Deictic Space Theory and Cap’s Proximisation Theory, both primarily used to indicate exclusive reference, a clash of interests and threat-oriented conceptualisation of events. This article, however, extends their scope to include strategies for inclusion and positive image construction and makes a distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary embedding as discursive means that contribute to presentation of self and legitimisation. Data for this research comprise a corpus of 125 presidential speeches (25 per tenure) divided into three subcorpora: JKC – John Kennedy Corpus, BCC – Bill Clinton Corpus, and BOC – Barrack Obama Corpus. A total of 1251 instances of narrative reports have been analysed to investigate primary and multilevel embedding, which constitute the basis for this study.
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Yarmak, Veronika. "Peculiarities of Past Tense Grammatical Expression in Short Prosaic Forms of the Serbian Literary Discourse of the 20th–21st centuries." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 39 (2019): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2019.39.58-73.
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The article deals with semantic and emotional load of Serbian verb's analytical and synthetic forms as explicit means of past tense expression in stylized epistolary fragments of short prose forms of Serbian classical literary discourse of different epochs. The author consistently considers stylized epistolary passages from tales by eminent Serbian writers: L. Lazarević, Y. Vselinović, І. Sekulić, М. Кapora, noting the key role of perfects, aorists, imperfects, pluperfects in chronotopes of short stories with a relatively clear configuration (when a retrospection of linear event sequence is present) and rather vague boundaries (in cases when letters are peculiar to time dialogue between writer and reader). Particular attention is paid to investigation of functions of preterit verb forms in stylized letters drawn towards reporting people about actual events. The author's attention is also focused on the mechanisms of creating the so-called intimization effect and the role of various Serbian past tense verb forms in this process. The letters as a literary device and an integral part of the author's communicative strategy are examined not only in the context of merely grammatical parameters of temporal strata but also from the point of view of deictic and narrative use of past tense grammemes. Serbian epistolary literary discourse provides rich illustrative material for specifying the issue of deictic and narrative parameters' relevance in respect of usage of tense forms or grammemes selected for analysis. The research proves that correlation of the mentioned parameters in Serbian language context is highly interesting, however, rather complicated and controversial. The comparison of Serbian and French literary texts shows that the temporal picture of the latter is almost diametrically opposite, meaning full functionality of aorist and imperfect and limited use of analytical perfect, which is used in the reproduction of direct speech, mainly in dialogues.
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Indahwati, Yusniar Dwi. "Deixis Analysis of the Song Lyrics of The Tale of Jenny and Screech Trilogy by Ren." Language Horizon: Journal of Language Studies 11, no. 2 (2023): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/lh.v11n2.p58-65.
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The aim of this study is to examine three different forms of deixis and interpret the most dominant use of deixis contained in the song lyrics of The Tale of Jenny and Screech Trilogy. The researcher chooses Ren's trilogy album as the focus of the study due to the presence of deictic terms with reference meanings. Therefore, the song lyrics may be analyzed pragmatically using George Yule’s (1996) theory of deixis. This research was performed using the descriptive qualitative approach. The data used is three songs from Ren's Trilogy, which are then categorized into different kinds of deixis according to their own criteria. The findings revealed that in three types of deixis found in the song lyrics of The Tale of Jenny and Screech Trilogy, there are 148 person deixis, 14 spatial deixes, and 17 temporal deixes. The most dominant deictic expression used in The Tale of Jenny and Screech Trilogy is person deixis. Furthermore, from 148 person deixis, it can be explained that there are different numbers of each type of person deixis. The songwriter uses more third person deixis with a total of 79 words of deixis expressions used in these songs, while there are 40 numbers of first person deixis and 29 numbers of second person deixis. Referring to these results, the usage of personal deixis reveals the role of the participant and each character of the song. The higher number of this third-person deixis is considered as having distal meaning. In these songs, the word “they”, “he”, and “she” is not replaced by “you”, which means the songwriter did not want to be involved in the story. Most of the appearance of this third-person deixis represents the songwriter’s perspective toward the tragedy in the story.
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Saputra, Sutrisno, and Yanuarti Apsari. "A DEIXIS ANALYSIS OF SONG LYRICS IN “I WANT TO BREAK FREE” BY QUEEN." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 4, no. 2 (2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v4i2.p244-249.
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A Deixis Analysis of Song Lyrics in Queen “I Want to Break Free”. The aim of the research are to analyze the three types of deixis analysis using Yule (1996) theory and to identify the dominant deixis found in the lyrics. Researchers chose this song as the subject of analysis because of the song's popularity and it also consisted of deictic words and reference meanings. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The data this research are lyrics of “I want to break free” song by Queen. In addition, this song was classified into three types of deixis analysis based on their own criteria. The result of the research showed that there are three types of deixis found in the song. They are: Person deixis (94%), Spatial deixis: (3%), Temporal deixis: (3%). In addition, the highest percentage of all is Person deixis. It means that the use of personal deixis indicated the participant in this song. Keywords: Analysis, Deixis, Song, Lyrics
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EVANS, NICHOLAS, HENRIK BERGQVIST, and LILA SAN ROQUE. "The grammar of engagement I: framework and initial exemplification." Language and Cognition 10, no. 1 (2017): 110–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2017.21.
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abstractHuman language offers rich ways to track, compare, and engage the attentional and epistemic states of interlocutors. While this task is central to everyday communication, our knowledge of the cross-linguistic grammatical means that target such intersubjective coordination has remained basic. In two serialised papers, we introduce the term ‘engagement’ to refer to grammaticalised means for encoding the relative mental directedness of speaker and addressee towards an entity or state of affairs, and describe examples of engagement systems from around the world. Engagement systems express the speaker’s assumptions about the degree to which their attention or knowledge is shared (or not shared) by the addressee. Engagement categories can operate at the level of entities in the here-and-now (deixis), in the unfolding discourse (definiteness vs indefiniteness), entire event-depicting propositions (through markers with clausal scope), and even metapropositions (potentially scoping over evidential values). In this first paper, we introduce engagement and situate it with respect to existing work on intersubjectivity in language. We then explore the key role of deixis in coordinating attention and expressing engagement, moving through increasingly intercognitive deictic systems from those that focus on the the location of the speaker, to those that encode the attentional state of the addressee.
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Pulatova, Dildora Dilmuradovna. "PRAGMATIC PROPERTIES OF APPLICATION FORMS OF UZBEK LANGUAGE FORMS." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 02, no. 05 (2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-05-10.
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As with any language unit, the pragmatic aspect of the application forms has its own characteristics. Such units, which represent different meanings, add additional meanings to the main proposition in the communication process. Because the state of speech, or rather the relationship between the speaker and the listener, is the basis of pragmatic research. The pragmatic aspect is one of the new directions in Uzbek linguistics, It is important to study in a new aspect, ie pragmatically, the forms of communication used in the process of interpersonal communication in the Uzbek language. In Uzbek linguistics, the units of reference are interpreted in the form of stimuli, and in the researches of some linguists, they are interpreted as forms of appeals, and in the researches the forms of appeals are studied in detail. This article discusses the use of appeal units in the communication process, the pragmatic features of appeal forms, including dysphemisms, the deictic functions of appeal forms, the presuppositional features, and the role and importance of nonverbal means in address expression.
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Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. "Classifiers: Setting the scene." Classifiers 3, no. 2 (2023): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/alal.22022.aik.
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Abstract Classifiers are morphemes which occur under specifiable conditions and which categorise nominal referents in terms of their animacy, shape, and other properties. The most widely represented type is numeral classifiers, which occur next to a number word or a quantifier. Further types include noun classifiers, verbal classifiers, classifiers in possessive constructions, and deictic classifiers. One language can have more than one type of classifier. In some, the same set of classifiers occurs in several classifier contexts, corroborating the unity of the phenomenon. Classifiers categorise nouns, and have to be distinguished from verbal action markers used to categorise and count actions. Classifiers have a variety of functions, and are never semantically redundant. Classifiers mirror social attitudes and hierarchies, physical environment and means of subsistence, and are susceptible to change in language contact situations. Contributions to this issue adress the systems and the functions of numeral classifiers and also classifiers in multiple contexts across Asia and beyond, including Austronesian languages of Taiwan, a selection of Tibeto-Burman (or Trans-Himalayan) languages, Zhuang, a Tai-Kadai language, and Kazakh, a Turkic language.