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Dahm, Pamela Susan. "Communication and socialization skills of three year olds with a history of language delay." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3868.
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The purpose of this study was to compare receptive language, expressive language, and socialization skills of preschool children who have a history of expressive language delay (ELD) with age mates who have a history of normal language development.
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Jones, Peter Carr. "Integrating "The Star City of the South": Roanoke School Desegregation and the Politics of Delay." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626722.
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Garrett, Louise. "... of delay, hesitation and detour : resisting the constitution of knowledge : Walter Benjamin, re-search and contemporary art." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2016. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/13610/.
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The point of departure of this dissertation is a few words extracted from “Agesilaus Santander,” an autobiographical fragment Walter Benjamin wrote in 1933 while in exile on Ibiza. The first version reads: “...I came into the world under the sign of Saturn, the star of hesitation and delay ...” He later revised the latter clause to: “the star of the slowest revolution, the planet of detours and delays...” Through processes of suspension, obstruction and potentiality implied by ‘delay,’ ‘hesitation,’ and ‘detour’ as ‘methods’ of thinking through art, this thesis revisits aspects of Benjamin’s understanding of time, history, origin and the artwork through conditional readings of selected contemporary artworks. Specifically, I am interested in understanding certain contemporary art and theoretical practices as modalities of resistance to modernist art historical and critical frameworks. In this tactical resistance, immanent in Benjamin’s reading of modernity, ‘delay,’ ‘hesitation’ and ‘detour’ are seen as characteristic of a form of critical thinking through and about art and history. ‘Hesitation,’ ‘delay’ and ‘detour’ are then understood as unconventional ‘methods’ that seek to break away from prescribed, or disciplinary, pathways of reading and interpreting works of art. In order to explore these general issues, I sketch out critical constellations for three artworks, each of which both engages and resists pedagogical structures and processes. This underlying pedagogical theme is signposted by the titles of the three chapters: I. “Lecture: ... of delay in Robert Morris’s 21.3, (1964/1994)”; II. “Study: ...of hesitation in Bethan Huws’s Origin and Source I-VI, (1997)”; and III. “Essay: ...of detour in The Otilith Group’s Otilith III, (2009).” I offer ‘slow,’ conditional readings of the particularities and relational contexts of these works, re-inscribing Benjamin’s creative approach to critical research work embedded in the processes of both making and writing through art. Since my approach is tempered by structures of incompletion and indeterminacy embodied by delay, hesitation and detour, I address questions concerning the borders of the process of ‘reading’ artworks and of categorizing both the ‘artwork’ and the ‘artist’ as bounded conceptual unities. My engagement with these questions signifies both a resistance to and an opening out of the limits of representation.
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Clancy, Kathleen Ann. "Second Grade Academic Performance in Normal Children, Children with a History of, and Children with Expressive Language Delay." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4740.
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Interest in children who are diagnosed with expressive language delay has increased over the years. This has resulted in follow-up studies which have suggested that these children would have difficulties in academics during their elementary school years (Hall & Tomblin, 1978; Weiner, 1974) The current study sought to determine if children with a history of and children with continued expressive language delay would have problems with academics once they reached the second grade. The Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT) was used to measure academic performance. It was chosen for it's reliable standardization and use of five different subtest areas to determine overall academic achievement. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are significant differences in academic performance on PIAT between three groups of second grade children with different language histories. The three groups are: 1) children with normal language history 2) children with a history of expressive language delay (HELD) who were identified as late to talk between 20 and 34 months of age, but who received a score at or above the tenth percentile in the second grade on the DSS (Developmental Sentence Scoring, Lee 1974), and 3) children with chronic expressive language delay (ELD) who were identified as late to talkers between 20 and 34 months of age, and received a score below the tenth percentile in the second grade on the DSS. Significant differences were found between the ELD group and the Normal group in the areas of Math and General Information as well as the Total Test Score. The ELD group also performed significantly lower than the HELD group in the areas of Math and the Total Test Score. There were no significant differences found between the HELD group and the Normals or between the ELD and HELD groups on the General Information subtest. These results were consistent with the most recent research article by Whitehurst and Fischel (1994) which looked at three longitudinal studies and found that by five years of age most children diagnosed with specific expressive language delay were performing within the normal range in ·various areas of language development.
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Bernstein, Brittany M. "All deliberate delay : desegregating the public schools of Orange County, Florida." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/335.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
History
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Goodwin, Christina LeighAnn. "A randomized controlled trial of heart disease risk education on delay discounting, perceived disease risk, health behavior, and health behavior intentions among men and women with and without a family history of cardiovascular disease." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502989890751592.
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Mell, Hugo. "Fast-slow strategies in human populations : applying insights from life history theory to explain patterns of interindividual variation." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE074.
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Des gradients sociaux ont été documentés pour une variété de comportements individuels. Au sein des pays occidentaux par exemple, les personnes ayant un statut socio-économique plus bas ont tendance à investir moins dans leur éducation, à fumer davantage, sont plus susceptibles de souffrir d'obésité et plus enclines à prendre des risques dans des contextes économiques. Ainsi, être exposé à des conditions de vie précaire semble engendrer une série de comportements, covariant de manière systématique. Ce syndrome comportemental a été principalement interprété comme le produit de déficits cognitifs ayant traits à la prise de décision et/ou à un manque de volonté. Dans ce manuscrit, nous explorons une approche différente, qui s'ancre dans les explications adaptationnistes des comportements humains. Au lieu d'appréhender les comportements observés chez les individus en situation de précarité comme des anomalies, ceux-ci sont perçus comme des ajustements des stratégies individuelles d'histoire de vie, adaptés à la vie dans des environnements précaires. En effet, nous approfondirons l'hypothèse selon laquelle un environnement précaire sélectionne des stratégies qui accordent davantage de poids aux bénéfices immédiats plutôt qu’aux investissements de long terme, affectant dès lors toute une gamme de comportements. Dans un premier temps, nous analyserons par le biais de modèles d'équations structurelles, différents jeux de données afin de mesurer le degré de covariation de comportements ayant trait à la reproduction, à l'investissement dans la santé et au niveau de confiance, ainsi que leur association éventuelle avec le niveau de précarité éprouvé pendant l'enfance ou à l'âge adulte. Globalement, nos résultats indiquent qu'une réduction de l’investissement dans la santé co-varie avec une stratégie de reproduction plus court-termiste, ainsi qu'un plus faible niveau de confiance. De plus, ce pattern est surreprésenté chez les personnes en situation de précarité, avec des effets persistants des conditions pendant l'enfance. En parallèle de ces travaux empiriques, nous nous sommes par ailleurs intéressés aux fondements théoriques de nos hypothèses de travail. Précisément, nous avons développé un modèle formel de stratégie d'histoire de vie prédisant les changements de préférences temporelles intra- et interindividuelles. Celui-ci nous a permis de mettre en évidence l’importance de deux facteurs distincts pour déterminer le degré optimal avec lequel des individus doivent préférer les récompenses de court-terme : 1) le niveau d'incertitude sur la probabilité de collecter une récompense délayée dans le temps, et 2) le coût d'opportunité à ne pas bénéficier de la récompense pendant la période de délai. Enfin, nous concluons ce travail en discutant des perspectives particulièrement intéressantes offertes par une intégration plus poussée de l'approche développée dans cette thèse, avec d'autres sciences sociales et sciences du comportement plus traditionnellesSocial gradients in behavior have been documented across various domains of people’s lives. In western countries, low SES individuals tend for instance to invest less in their education, to smoke more, are more subject to overweight and are more willing to take risks in financial settings. Being exposed to deprivation therefore seems to elicit a constellation of behaviors that appear to covary in a systematic fashion. This behavioral constellation of deprivation has been mostly interpreted as the product of poor decision making abilities, of a general failure of willpower. In this dissertation we explore a different interpretation that is rooted in adaptive explanations of human behavior. Instead of viewing the behaviors of low SES individuals as suboptimal deviations from a global optimum, they are seen as adjustments of people’s overall life strategies that are, from an evolutionary point of view, adaptive in the particular context of a deprived ecology. Indeed, we will explore the idea that deprived environments select for strategies that put more weight on present outcomes over uncertain future outcomes, and that this present orientation in low SES individuals propagates across a range of decision domains, giving rise to the constellation. To this aim, we first use structural equation models on observational data from a diversity of samples, to analyze the covariation between peoples’ behaviors in several relevant domains (health, reproduction, social trust) and their exposure to deprivation during childhood and/or adulthood. Overall, we find that a lower somatic effort tends to covary with a more short-term reproductive strategy, as well as lower social trust. This pattern is associated with a higher exposure to deprivation, with unique effects of early life conditions. In addition to this empirical work, we further investigate the theoretical underpinnings of our working hypotheses, from an adaptationist perspective. Specifically, we build a formal life history model to predict optimal changes in discounting within and between individuals. This allows us to highlight that the extent to which individuals prefer short-term rewards, should vary depending on two main parameters: 1) the uncertainty around their ability to actually collect delayed rewards, and 2) the opportunity costs of not having the reward during the delay. Finally, we conclude by discussing the promising perspective of further integrating the approach adopted in the present thesis, with more traditional social and behavioural sciences
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Leone, Steven. "Grave Concerns: Decay, Death, and Nature in the Early Republic." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23829.
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While multiple questions drive this project, one fundamental query lays at its center. How did American approaches to mortality, their own and others, during the early national period (roughly 1770 to 1850) shape both their understanding of themselves and their environment? The answer to that question exposes a distinct set of values revolving around preparation for death, and acknowledgment and respect for their own (and others mortality), which Americans imbibed from various and disparate sources. More specifically, the first half of the project examines how the letters they wrote and read, the sermons they listened to, the mourning rituals they practiced, the burial grounds they utilized, and the novels and poetry they consumed all combined to create a shared knowledge base and approach to death during the early republic. Uniquely, these principles found strength through a conscious linking of mortality to the natural world. Americans understood their own death as part of a larger, both positive and negative, perfected natural system created and perpetuated by God.
The American approach towards mortality, however, was not static and the nineteenth century bore witness to the emergence of a sentimentalized, sanitized, and less human inclusive vision of mortality during 1830s and beyond. Ironically, nature remained central to the way Americans experienced death, however, in a consciously aesthetic, romantic, controlled manner. It is written into the present where rolling and manicured lawns combine together with still ponds to create bucolic scenes of peaceful rest among scenes of beauty. The old, grim, but no less natural lessons of worms, dirt, decay, and dissolution no longer hold sway, ignoring the vital and humbling connection between human bodies and the natural world that was understood in the early republic. This shift (and the focus of the second half of the dissertation), was spurred on by numerous interrelated but distinct factors ranging from urban growth, disease, foreign immigration, and changing cultural sentiments. Americans during the 1830s, 40s, and 50s redefined their relationship to death and in doing so consciously turned away from a vibrant, dynamic, and humbling vision of mortality grounded in the natural world.
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Yu, King-hei, and 余境熹. "Study of the places in "A dealy secret"." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46089044.
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Mullen, Thomas Edward Jr Marzluff William F. "Pathway of histone mRNA degradation oligouridylation followed by bidirectional decay /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1508.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics." Discipline: Biochemistry and Biophysics; Department/School: Medicine.
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Madden, Gregory J. (Gregory Jude). "Effects of Single VI History on Human Concurrent VI VI Choice." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500984/.
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Two groups of human subjects pressed buttons on five different variable-interval (VI) reinforcement schedules presented for seven minutes each for 15 sessions. At session 16, the same VI schedules were programmed concurrently in each session either with or without a 5 s changeover delay (COD). The same schedule-correlated stimuli were employed in single and concurrent conditions. Two other groups responded on concurrent VI VI conditions from the first session with or without the COD. Response allocations under concurrent scheduling better approximated relative reinforcement frequencies when the COD was programmed. Subjects with single VI histories failed to match response and time allocations to reinforcement ratios better than subjects given no such history. Bidirectional cumulative records are discussed as a molecular data analysis technique.
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Lee, Hyun-Mi. "Aspects of wood decay and preservation of timber." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2009. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5941/.
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A number of species of wood decay fungi important for the damage they cause to timber and timber products in Korea were cultured. Trametes versicolor, which is one of the most important, was also cultured from a collection made in the UK and likewise the ascomycete Daldinia concentica was obtained for comparative studies. In the initial testing of the effectiveness of the two wood preservatives, ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ) and copper azole (CuAz) preserve injected blocks of Japanese Red Pine and Yellow Poplar were inoculated with T versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus and D. concentrica. Weight loss(%) of the wood blocks showed that Japanese Red Pine possessed greater natural resistance to decay by the white rot basidiomycete fungus T versicolor, than to the white rot ascomycete D. concentrica. The results for Yellow Poplar were the opposite. It was also found that both preservatives had an inhibitory effect on all three test fungi regardless of tree species. Furthermore ACQ was the most effective preservative in relation to T versicolor, which is the most damaging wood decay fungus in Korea. It has also been found that the absorption of the preservatives by the two different wood types differed with Yellow Poplar exhibiting a slightly greater absorption than the Japanese Red Pine, which might be a result of differences in the anatomical structure of the woods. Fungal biomass was also determined using chitin and ergosterol assays. The results regarding levels of decay caused by T versicolor, P ostreatus and D. concentrica are in close agreement with the weight loss determinations. The assays also confirmed the effectiveness of the copper based preservatives. The application of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has allowed observations on the damage caused by the test fungi to the untreated blocks of the two wood species and the reduction in damage on blocks treated with the preservatives. Linked studies using the SEM and Atomic Force Microscopy have demonstrated differences in the micromorphology of the hyphal tips of the test fungi.
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Caner, Evin. "Limestone Decay In Historic Monuments And Consolidation With Nanodispersive Calcium Hydroxide Solutions." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613267/index.pdf.
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Exposure to atmospheric conditions results of deterioration in historic monuments. and their stones. Limestone conservation presents many problems that have to be investigated in detail. In this study, limestone deterioration and development of its conservation treatments were investigated through examination of the statues carved from karstic limestones in Nemrut Dag Monument. The decay mechanisms that had major roles in their deterioration during two thousand years of exposure to atmospheric conditions and the development of their conservation treatments involved several types of analyses that were carried out in the field and in the laboratory. Exposed surfaces of limestones having karstic veins, interior crack surfaces were examined and compared with relatively undeteriorated interior parts. Similar limestones from the geological formations nearby were artificially deteriorated by salt crystallization and were also examined for comparison. Standard physical and physicomechanical tests, petrographical analysis, XRD, SEM-EDX and FTIR were used during those examinations. Swelling nature of clays in limestones and their control were quantified by CEC measurements.
The micro structure of limestone was observed to be composed of micritic calcite with karstic veins of sparitic calcite crystals. Some karstic zones were found to be preferred sites of dissolution and precipitation of calcium carbonate where swelling action of clays and widening of cracks occurred. Iron oxides that moved through those zones, as well as biological activity were also found to contribute to those phenomena. Preparation of high concentrations of nanodispersive calcium hydroxide solutions was achieved for the conservation treatments of the deteriorated limestone. Success of treatments with nanodispersive Ca(OH)2 solutions targeted to the decay zones were discussed in terms of their ability to control the swelling action of clays, carbonation of nanodispersive solution, and improvement in the physicomechanical properties of treated limestone.
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McCabe, Stephen. "The impact of complex stress histories on the decay of historic sandstone." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485000.
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The concept of 'inheritance' in stone decay studies is well established. Histori~ stone may inherit the effects of background environmental factors (including salt weathering, temperature and moisture cycling, chemical alteration) and more extreme, 'exceptional', events (including lime rerrdering I removal, fire, Little Ice Age frost events, inappropriate intervention), which determine its decay pathway. r'\ Building on this conceptual framework, this thesis draws on three main themes to assess the impact of complex stress histories on the decay of historic sandstone: 1) Fieldwork (Northern Ireland and western Scotland) is used to map the decay on of selected fayades, using connectivity analysis and the Unit Area Spread (UAS) Staging System to give a meaningful rating of fayade condition; 2) Historical research is essential for building a clear picture of the stresses historic sandstone structures have experienced since their construction; 3) Laboratory simulation, informed by fieldwork and historical research, explores the effects of lime rendering, fire, frost events, and salt weathering cycles on representative sandstones (Peakmoor and Dunhouse) blocks in isolation and in combination. Special emphasis is given to the study of 'process combinations', where each sample is given a carefully designed stress history before moving on to the next stage in simulation. Thus, different groups of stone blocks with different stress histories can be created. Each stress history group experiences salt weathering cycles and the response of each group to salt weathering is monitored by weight loss. . Results highlight the non-linear nature of the stone decay system, with different stress· histories producing divergent response of sandstone over time. Over the perIod of the experimental run (75 cycles, 150 days), the effects of lime rendering tended to suppress debris release (although this does not preclude rapid future decay), while other stress histories (fire and frost) increased breakdown in response to salt weathefing. The impact of fire on subsequent performance is especially complex, with soot cover potentially hindering soluble salt ingress, and fracturing from the stresses created in the fire leading to spalling events during salt weathering cycles. In future, conservation practitioners should approach the management of historic sandstone with a knowledge of the pathology of structures (potential inherited and concealed stresses) in mind.
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Pålsson, Louise. "13 augusti 1961 EXTRA: Gränsen stängs. Berlin delas upp av en mur! : En studie av nyhetsrapporteringen då Berlinmuren byggdes." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-15289.
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Det är nu 55 år sedan byggnationen av Berlinmuren påbörjades. I en värld där miljoner människor är på flykt från krig, orättvisor och elände är händelserna kring då Berlin delades upp av en mur högaktuella. Den 13 juli 2015 skrev Dagens Nyheter om den rådande flyktingströmmen till Europa från Syrien och kringliggande länder. Rubriken löd då: ”Ungern har påbörjat stängsel för att hindra immigranter”. Berlinmuren byggdes för att försöka få bukt på en okontrollerad massflykt från öst till väst. En sådan massflykt upplever vi även idag. Hur beskrevs 1961 beslutet i media om att uppföra en mur som skulle hindra människor från att ta sig till friheten och vilken information fick egentligen samtidens människor när de läste dagstidningen till morgonkaffet?
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Posey, Sean T. "Roots of Urban Decay: Race, Urban Renewal, and Suburbanization in Youngstown, Ohio, 1950-1977." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1349713636.
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Andersson, Björn. "En öländsk historia : Fornborgar och övriga delar av södra och mellersta Ölands järnålderssamhälle." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-39062.
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This essay is focused on Öland during the Iron Age, with focus specifically on the Roman Iron Age and the Migration period. The study takes its starting point in the large number of fortifications that was active across Öland at the time. The essays main area of investigation will be the central and southern parts of Öland as the fortifications, together with other parts of the Iron Age society around them such as graves and settlement, will be presented. The landscape in which the fortifications and their surroundings are placed will also be described. With the Migration Period being a keyword for almost all the fortifications on Öland, the subject will also be to describe if any sort of change can be seen in the settlement patterns during this unstable and troubled time. This will all be presented trough sources describing work of the archaeological investigations that has been done in those places.
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Ustunkaya, Meltem Cemre. "Biological Decay And Its Control By Biomineralisation In Calcareous Stones." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610259/index.pdf.
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Biodeterioration has an important role in weathering of historical materials. Natural stone materials become vulnerable to physical and chemical changes in outdoor conditions, favouring the biological growth.
In this study, biodeterioration on calcareous stones and its control by biomineralisation were studied on limestones from Nemrut Mount Monument and marbles from Pessinous Archaeological Site. For qualitative and quantitative detection of biological activity fluorescein diacetate (FDA) method that was developed for soil microbial activity was applied to stones of historic monuments. Qualitative FDA analysis was used on cross sections of the samples in order to observe the depth of penetration and effects of biomineralisation using a light microscope with fluorescent light source. Quantitative FDA analysis was done by spectrophotometric determination of fluorescence formed by FDA treatment. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses were used in determining mineralogical structure of patinas and stone base. Light microscopy was used to investigate changes in morphological structure of historic stone in cross and thin sections of the samples. The control of biodeterioration on stone surfaces was studied by biomineralisation treatments using Bacillus cereus. The results of biomineralisation were evaluated by XRD, light microscopy, SEM-EDX and FDA analyses.
The results of this study showed that the biodeterioration was an important decay factor in stone materials. It started from the surface and penetrated through the microstructure of the stone up to about four cm depth. Biodeterioration also contributed to the growth of microcracks. Results of biomineralisation using B.cereus to form a protective coating on limestone and marble were also discussed.
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Upton, Penelope Jayne George. "Change and decay : the Warwickshire manors of the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield from the late thirteenth to the late sixteenth centuries." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/8235.
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This thesis consists of an in-depth study of the medieval Warwickshire manors of the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield: Chadshunt and Nether Itchington which succumbed to depopulation and Gaydon, Upper Itchington and Tachbrook which continue to thrive. Chapter 2 sets the scene with an examination of the early history of the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield; and the topographical setting and field system of each manor. In Chapters 3 and 4 evidence of weaknesses and incipient problems or otherwise in both the rural economy and social structure in the late-thirteenth and early-fourteenth centuries is investigated in order to find early signs of the later problems which beset Chadshunt and Nether Itchington. In Chapter 5 agrarian by-laws are discussed and the transition from a two- to a three-field system at Gaydon, peasant cultivation of crops and ownership of livestock analysed. In Chapter 6 the final century of episcopal lordship is explored, before moving on to Thomas Fisher's tenure -as lord from 1547. Fisher has long been viewed as the depopulator of Nether Itchington and demolisher of its parish church. The blame is moved from his shoulders and laid on a decline in ale-brewing, a lack of heirs at Nether Itchington from 1550s, a seigneurial policy whereby tenants were encouraged by very favourable terms to take up holdings in Upper Itchington, and the turbulence caused by the Reformation. Fisher was also not responsible for the decline of Chadshunt, the seeds of whose decline were probably sown by the Newsarn family and their enclosing activities. In Chapter 7 non-agrarian by-laws, land transfers, the landless, population turnover and contacts made beyond the manor are discussed.
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Hagos, Saba. "Effect of experimental warming and assembly history on wood decomposition." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39370.
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Sammanfattning: Wood decay fungi are the main decomposer of lignocellulose material stored in wood. Thus, all factors that affect them could affect their ecological function. This in return, may affect ecosystem functioning in terms of altered carbon emissions from dead wood. Increased temperature is one of the main factors influencing fungal decay. The aim of the current study is to explore the effects of temperature and assembly history (order of species arrival), two important regulators of fungal communities, on wood decomposition. I conducted a microcosm experiment with two temperature treatments and eight assembly histories where each species was allowed to colonize the wood two weeks ahead of the rest of the species. The temperature treatments were set to mimic the effect of climate induced warming. Therefore, I had one treatment with relatively high temperature, representing the expected temperatures year 2100 given the current emission trends of the northern inland of Sweden, and another treatment representing the current normal temperature (1961-1990). The temperature treatments had an average difference of 5°C. In order to see how climate induced warming and fungal assembly history influenced decomposition, I measured and analyzed initial fungal growth, fungal respiration and wood weight loss. Both temperature and assembly history had a significant influence on fungal growth, fungal respiration and wood decomposition. There was also strong interaction between the two factors. The average increase in mass loss under elevated temperature was 19% compared to 14% under normal temperature. The highest mass loss (25%) was when Phlebia centrifuga was the initial species under elevated temperature and the lowest (12%) was when Climacocystis borealis was initial species under normal temperature. All assembly histories had higher mass loss under elevated temperature, but the magnitude varied. For example, when C. borealis was the initial species, mass loss increased by 60% compared to only 7% when Antrodia sinuosa was the initial species. Six out of eight assembly histories had higher CO2 under elevated temperature, with the highest increase (88%) in P. centrifuga histories and the lowest (7%) in C. borealis histories. Even if the results need to be confirmed by field studies, my data illustrates that climate induced warming probably results in higher fungal respiration and deadwood decomposition and that the magnitude of this effect depends on fungal assembly history.
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Panomwan, Pornpen. "Analysis of the mechanism of DNA damage and replication arrest-induced histone mRNA decay." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17121/.
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Duncan, Shona Margaret. "Fungal Diversity and Cellulytic Activity in the Historic Huts, Ross Island, Antarctica." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2563.
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The goal of this study was to undertake a microbial investigation of the Historic Huts areas on Ross Island, to gain knowledge of the fungal biodiversity and biochemical framework, focusing on the wood degrading potential of these fungi at both psychrophilic (cold) and mesophilic (moderate) temperatures. Eight hundred and forty nine samples were collected from three Heroic Era Historic Huts of Antarctica, from a variety of substrates but predominantly structural wood. The huts, Discovery Hut at Hut Point, Terra Nova Hut at Cape Evans and Nimrod Hut at Cape Royds, are located on Ross Island and were all assembled in the early 20th century by the Heroic Era explorers to house the expeditions, stores and animals. These wooden huts were abandoned when the expeditions left. The introduction of wood and other organic material to a pristine environment along with the creation of a microclimate within the harsh Antarctica environment created interesting sites for studying fungal diversity, wood decay and fungal cellulase enzymes in an extreme environment. Each hut can be classified as offering different conditions and circumstances for fungal propagules. Of the three huts, Terra Nova Hut is the only hut where there are visible fungal blooms within the hut and it, with Discovery Hut, had the greatest number of samples that contained fungi compared to Nimrod Hut which had the least. Discovery Hut, at less than 500 metres from the United States McMurdo Station, is the most visited by scientist and base staff and has been the most demonstrably affected by human impact of the three huts due to its closeness to the research stations on Ross Island To ensure a full understanding of the fungal diversity of the Historic Hut sites, a variety of sampling techniques were used along with a variety of culture media. Two thousand and seventy six isolates consisting of 1177 filamentous fungi and 899 single celled microorganisms (yeast and bacteria) were isolated; all these cultures were frozen and now form the University of Waikato Antarctic Culture Collection. Five genera dominated the fungal isolates that were identified and these were Cladosporium, Geomyces, Cadophora, Penicillium and Thelebolus. The fungal diversity of these Historic Huts' communities is low but the members present are metabolically active, consistent with other microbial communities in the Antarctic. The Historic Huts and surroundings contain a diverse array of provision in the way of wood and supplies, which provide nutrient sources for fungal growth. Endemic organisms present in the soil could have been enriched by using the introduced nutrient sources as primary and/or second metabolic substrates. In addition, fungi could have been introduced with the wooden huts and supplies when they were brought to Antarctica by the Heroic Era explorers, or introduced in the subsequent years with visitors and conservation work conducted at the sites. These introduced organisms, though, would have had to adapt to the change in climate and conditions posed by the Antarctic in order to survive and be subsequently isolated in this study. A screen for carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity was done on a selection of the fungal isolates as the first step to understand the cellulytic potential of the Antarctica fungal community inhabiting the huts. One hundred and six fungal isolates from a total of 404, that were screened were deemed to be CMCase positive, 27 fungal isolates were chosen for further study including quantifying the activity of extracellular endo-1,4-β-glucanase at psychrophilic and mesophilic incubation temperatures. All but one isolate could produce endo-1,4-β-glucanase activity at 4 C and many produced more endo-1,4-β-glucanase activity at 4 C than at 15 C. Cadophora malorum 182, Cadophora malorum 242, Penicillium roquefortii 405, Penicillium roquefortii 408, Geomyces sp. 711, Geomyces sp. 824 and Cladosporium oxysporium 805 were selected for in-depth study of growth characteristics including growth temperature preferences, growth on a variety of cellulose substrates, water activity, and carbon sources, the latter done by using a commercially available microtitre plate containing 95 carbon sources. All seven of the fungal isolates were classified as psychrotolerant and produced, when cultured at either 4 C or at 15 C, cellulase, protease, amylase, xylanase, and pectinase and mannanase enzyme activities. The range of water activity that the Antarctic Penicillium roquefortii isolates could grow at was distinctive when compared with food Penicillium roquefortii isolates. The utilisation of different carbon sources showed that like many studies of Antarctica organism they have a diverse range of enzymatic activity, but interestingly the activity does not differ greatly with incubation temperature with most carbon sources being used or not used at both incubation temperatures tested. Although it took longer for the fungi to grow at the psychrophilic temperatures, the range of carbon sources they utilised was not reduced. The protein composition of the extracellular supernatants was visualised using various electrophoretic and staining techniques. The cellulase activity of the protein bands was visualised by cellulose-containing zymograms, which illustrated that the cellulase complex in all fungi tested was multi-enzyme and differed between species, isolates and temperatures of culturing. The cellulase activity of Cadophora malorum 182 was enriched by purification techniques including ion exchange chromatography and native preparative electrophoresis. The protein complex was not purified to homogeneity, but enriched for a mixture of proteins and the mixture was described as having the following properties; a temperature range of β-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase activity from 20 C to 80 C with the optimum activity seen at 60 C, β-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase activity that is stable at 4, 25 and 40 C for at least 24 hrs, lost at 50 C and 80 C within 24 hrs and 2 minutes respectively. Along with β-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase activity, the protein mixture contained Avicelase, CMCase, xylanase and mannanase activity. The thesis research showed that there was limited fungal diversity in the Historic Huts and artefacts (a total of five dominant genera were identified) but the fungi are actively growing and producing viable spores in the cold of Antarctica and producing the necessary enzymes for degradation of wood. Although the metabolism and growth rate is slower at psychrophilic temperatures, the fungal isolates studied as part of this thesis research could still function enzymatically at cold temperatures and this includes the degradation of wood as evidenced by in vitro wood decay studies examined by scanning electron microscopy where two isolates of one species demonstrated the ability to degrade wood. The cellulase complex of the investigated fungal isolate was multi-enzymed and although the components were not purified to homogeneity, an enriched mixture of proteins had enzyme activity and stability in a broad temperature range, and activity to a variety of cellulosic substrates. This thesis research adds to the knowledge of the fungal biodiversity in the Antarctic and increases the understanding of the biochemical framework, participating in relation to wood decay potential of these Antarctic fungal isolates.
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Borland, Elizabeth Leslie. "Growth, decay, and change: Organizations in the contemporary women's movement in Buenos Aires, Argentina." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290021.
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Social movements have three potential trajectories: they can grow; they can change, and they can decay and eventually die. To compare their trajectories, I examine 47 organizations in six women's movements in Buenos Aires, Argentina during the last twenty years. I synthesize data from interviews with activists, organization documents and participant observation of women's movement activities during December 2001--June 2003, a period of intense collective action. Three themes--decision-making forms, participation, and external ties--are at the foundation of how we can understand social movement organization (SMO) growth, decay, and change. First, hierarchy does have its benefits for SMOs, but it is not the only means by which SMOs survive, remain active, and grow. Second, the way that SMOs actively structure participation (with decisions about SMO collective identity, exclusivity and inclusivity, non-member participation, and recruitment) is central to SMO growth. Third, outside ties with SMOs and other actors can bring groups material resources, external recognition, moral support, public attention, and human resources, but these relationships can be conflict-ridden. This dissertation generates a new way to think about SMOs as organizations that need to resolve dilemmas about decision-making, participation, and external ties. It contributes to the literature on social movements in Latin America and gendered collective action in the context of democratization. It also includes practical insights for social movement organizations and activists.
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Tilles, Daniel. "'Jewish decay against British revolution' : the British Union of Fascists' antisemitism and Jewish responses to it." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2012. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/3f8d58cc-857b-44b3-5d27-f89d441c61cf/8/.
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Research into the British Union of Fascists (BUF) has treated antisemitism largely as an artificial addition to the party's programme, forced upon it by various circumstances. Scholars have thus focused almost exclusively on its causes and implications, rather than the antisemitism itself: the forms that it took, the ways in which it was expressed, and its relationship to the party's ideology. Through comprehensive analysis of the BUF's discourse, as well as of the discussions that took place within the party, this thesis reveals that anti-Jewish sentiment was, in fact, openly expressed at the very highest levels of the movement from the outset and, moreover, that it formed an integral and authentic aspect of its doctrine. This reflected its central position in the fascist philosophy of the BUF's founder and leader, Oswald Mosley, who was not, as is often argued, a reluctant antisemite. In fact, he played the principal role in the formulation and promulgation of this aspect of policy. More broadly, Mosley's antisemitism is shown to be indicative of ‘generic' fascism's exclusionary ultranationalism, which dictates intolerance of distinctive out-groups deemed incompatible with the fascist vision of a pure, homogenous society, and whose removal is regarded as a necessary prerequisite to bring about national rebirth. This did not, however, mean that the BUF's position on the Jewish question was at all imitative, and this study will demonstrate the extent to which it was founded upon longstanding native traditions of anti-Jewish thought. With regard to the second subject of this thesis, Jewish responses to the BUF, historical accounts have tended to focus only on the most visible forms of activity, and above all the type of confrontational anti-fascism that was favoured by many young, working-class Jews, particularly in London's East End. By exploring a much wider range of Jewish analyses and actions, this study presents a more nuanced and variegated picture. In doing so, it demonstrates that, rather than exacerbating divisions within Britain's heterogeneous Jewish community, the threat of fascism actually drew it closer together in its defence, bringing to the surface a shared sense of Anglo-Jewish identity. Finally, although revealing the breadth and effectiveness of Jewish opposition to British fascism, this study refutes the widely held notion that Jewish actions played any part in pushing the BUF and Mosley towards an antisemitic position.
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Mércuri, Danielle Oliveira. "Os letrados castelhanos no rastro das mulheres quatrocentistas : da defesa e da educação delas /." Franca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143458.
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Orientador: Susani Silveira Lemos FrançaBanca: Ricardo Alexandre Ferreira
Banca: Marcelo Pereira Lima
Banca: Andréia Cristina Lopes Frazão da Silva
Banca: Maria Manuela Tavares dos Santos Silva
Resumo: A composição de alguns tratados em defesa das mulheres durante o reinado de Juan II (1405- 1454) de Castela é representativa de um anseio que parece ter-se tornado comum entre os letrados desse reino a partir da primeira metade do século XV: não só impedir que as memórias e os feitos das nobres mulheres caíssem no esquecimento, mas sobretudo coibir que, acerca delas, se pronunciasse unicamente a aviltante palavra. Para percorrer tal caminho, esses nobres não puderam se eximir de travar um embate contra aqueles que, desde longa data, ou mesmo contemporaneamente a eles, insistiam em relegá-las ao esquecimento ou ao vitupério. Mas não apenas essas formas de arrazoado em favor delas trouxeram-nas à luz neste momento, os jogos de poder colocaram-lhes igualmente na mira das discussões promovidas pelos letrados, pois a crise sucessória que assolou o reino castelhano, na segunda metade do século XV, dividindo-o entre duas possíveis herdeiras da coroa - D. Juana (suposta filha de Enrique IV e neta de Juan II) e D. Isabel (irmã de Enrique IV e filha de Juan II) -, bem como a ascensão ao trono castelhano por D. Isabel (1474), vieram a reforçar, ainda que sob outra dimensão, o interesse dos castelhanos de dedicar-lhes comentários, ou mesmo de prestar-lhes serviços e preparar-lhes algumas orientações de conduta. Nesta pesquisa, propomo-nos indagar sobre os sentidos atribuídos à defesa e à educação das mulheres pelos letrados deste reino peninsular, a partir de algumas ques... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The composition of some treaties in defense of women during the reign of Juan II (1405-1454) of Castile is representative of a longing that seems to have become common among the lettered of that kingdom from the first half of the fifteenth century: not only to prevent the memories and deeds of noble women from falling into oblivion, but rather repress that, about them, only the shameful word was pronounced. To go through this path, these nobles could not avoid to wage a fight against those that, for a long time, or even contemporary to them, insist on exile them to oblivion or vituperation. But not only these forms of reasoning in favor of women brought them to light at this time, the power games put them also in the sights of the discussions held by the lettered, as the succession crisis hit the Spanish kingdom in the second half of the fifteenth century, dividing it between two possible heirs to the crown - Lady Juana (supposed daughter of Enrique IV and Juan II granddaughter) and Isabel (sister of Enrique IV and daughter of Juan II) - and the ascension to the Spanish throne by Isabel (1474), which came to strengthen, even if in another dimension, the interest of the Castilians to dedicate them comments, or even to provide them with services and prepare them some guidelines of conduct. In this research, we propose to inquire about the meaning attributed to the defense and education of women by scholars of this peninsular kingdom, from some central questions, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumen: La composición de algunos tratados en defensa de las mujeres durante el reinado de Juan II (1405-1454) de Castilla es representativa de un fuerte deseo que parece haberse tornado común entre los letrados de ese reino a partir de la mitad del siglo XV: no solo impedir que las memorias y los hechos de las nobles mujeres cayeran en el olvido, pero sobretodo, cohibir que, sobre ellas, se pronunciara únicamente la menospreciante palabra. Para recoger tal camino, esos nobles no pudieron eximir de trabar un embate en contra aquellos que, desde larga fecha, o mismo contemporáneamente a ellos, insistían en relegarlas al olvido o al vituperio. Pero no solo esas maneras de planteamientos en su favor las trajeron a luz en este momento, los juegos de poder la pusieron igualmente en la mira de discusiones promovidas por los letrados, pues la crisis sucesoria que asoló el reino castellano, en la segunda mitad del siglo XV, dividiéndolo entre dos posibles herederas de la corona - doña Juana (supuesta hija de Enrique IV y nieta de Juan II) y doña Isabel (hermana de Enrique IV e hija de Juan II) -, bien como la ascensión al trueno castellano por doña Isabel (1474), vinieron a reforzar, aunque bajo otra dimensión, el interés de los castellanos de dedicarles comentarios, o mismo prestarles servicios o prepararles algunas orientaciones de conducta. En esta pesquisa, nos proponemos a indagar sobre los sentidos atribuidos a la defensa y a la educación de las mujeres por los letrados de este reino peninsular, a partir de algunas cuestiones centrales, a saber: por qué ellas pasaron a ser, de una manera más regular, el tema y las destinatarias de los textos confeccionados por los nobles castellanos; qué tipos de prescripciones y recomendaciones estos hombres les preparaban; cuáles factores contribuyeron para que algunas de ellas, especialmente las reinas, fueran las principales interlocutoras y/o demandantes...
Doutor
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Johansson, Louise, and Karin Snapp. ""Visst finns det delar som man kan värdera lite högre" : Lärares val av undervisningens innehåll i ämnet historia." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för utbildningsvetenskap och språk, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-8344.
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Bakgrund: Bakgrunden till denna studie grundas i det generella problem som uppstår när elever har med sig varierande förkunskaper från grundskolan. Detta kan i sin tur leda till problematik i gymnasieskolan för lärare som där ska planera undervisning. Det som blir relevant att studera i samband med detta är det urval av innehåll historielärare i mellanstadiet gör i sin undervisning och vilka faktorer som påverkar dem. Syfte: Syftet med studien har varit att ta reda på vilka föreställningar och uppfattningar lärare har och hur de planerar och genomför sin undervisning i historia. Vi har även undersökt vilka arbetssätt lärarna använder sig av för att få ett bredare perspektiv på lärares förhållningssätt och uppfattningar kring undervisningen. Metod: I studien har vi använt oss av kvalitativa tillvägagångssätt i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra olika lärare. Resultat: När intervjumaterialet analyserades upptäckte vi generella mönster i lärarnas föreställningar och uppfattningar kopplat till deras mål och urval av innehåll. Analysen visar att det finns mönster som kan ses som grundläggande för historielärarna som deltog i denna studie. Dessa mönster påverkar och formar undervisningen på olika vis. Gemensamt för lärarna när det gäller dessa mönster var urvalet av innehåll då lärarna baserar sin undervisning exempelvis på eget intresse, elevernas intresse och förkunskaper samt kritiskt tänkande. Denna kanon skiljer sig åt beroende på olika omformningsfaktorer. Lärarna använder sig av en kronologisk historiedidaktik för att strukturera upp detta innehåll. Synen på läromedel och det utrymme det får i undervisningen varierar mellan lärarna. Narrativt berättande visar sig vara den undervisningsform lärarna använder kontinuerligt då de menar att undervisningen blir mer intressant för eleverna. Skillnad visade sig finnas i lärarnas mål då en grupp lärare uttrycker konkreta uttalade mål som delvis har sin grund i läroplanen. Den andra gruppen lärare har mer implicita mål samt en mer erfarenhetsbaserad känsla för läroplanen och därmed baseras lärarnas mål i mindre utsträckning utifrån läroplanen. Gemensamt för lärarna när det gäller målen är att eleverna ska utveckla sitt historiemedvetande och sin identitet och det kan ses som syften med undervisningen. LGR11 visar sig inte vara den mest styrande faktorn för lärarna i deras planering och genomförande av undervisning i historieämnet.
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Rivera, Andía Juan Javier. "The “artistic knowledge” of an anthropologist and the cultural studies in peru. on a forgotten work of Jose Maria Arguedas." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/78883.
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Este breve texto intenta llamar la atención sobre ciertas preguntas en torno al carácter inédito que ha mantenido, por casi medio siglo, un archivo etnográfico acopiado por J. M. Arguedas. Entre ellas, nos preguntamos si tal condición estaría ligada a la forma en que Arguedas concebía el saber de la antropología.This text aims to make some questions about the reasons why an ethnographic archive joined by Jose Maria Arguedas has remained unpublished until now. Mainly, it is suggested that this lack of attention to a source like this may be related to a the way in which Arguedas conceived the production of knowledge in Anthropology.
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Carozzi, Claude. "Le voyage de l'ame dans l'au-dela d'apres la litterature latine (veme-xiiieme siecle)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040107.
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Cette etude du genre litteraire du voyage de l'ame dans l'au-dela est composee en trois parties. La premiere est consacree a l'apocalypse de paul, ecrite au iieme siecle et remaniee au veme, le seul texte chretien ancien qui decrive le sort des ames apres la mort. La seconde montre comment saint augustin puis gregoire le grand ont ouvert la voie a la redaction de grandes visions a partir du viieme siecle. Jusqu'au ixeme siecle les moines redacteurs mettent sur pied un itineraire et organisent les relations entre les morts et les vivants. L'ensemble, sous l'impulsion de bede le venerable devient un prolongement dans l'au-dela du systeme de la penitence publique dont la derniere phase, la purgation, s'accomplit dans l'au-dela. La troisieme partie decrit l'apogee et le declin brutal du genre litteraire. Aux xeme et xieme siecles il a tendance a se dissoudre et a devenir plus allusif. Au xiieme siecle deux orientations se font jour: certains textes prennent une dimension cosmique et de plus en plus symbolique tandis que d'autres reviennent a la tradition ancienne. Ces derniers, les plus celebres et les plus volumineux (purgatoire de saint-patrick, visions de tnugdal ou d'alberic) se heurtent progressivement au scepticisme des theologiens. Apres 1206 (vision de thurkill), le genre passe dans les langues vulgaires et aboutit, sous une forme tres differente, a la divine comedie. Ce genre litteraire est un temoignage sur l'emergence d'une conscience de soi qui joue un role important dans la naissance de l'individu au moyen-ageThis study is concerned with the travel fo the soul through the otherworld, taken as a literary genre. It is divided into three parts. The first one is devoted to an analysis of the apocalypse of paul. Written in the ii cent. , revised in the v , it is the only ancient christian text describing the lot of the souls after death. In the second part it is shown how st. Augustine and bede opened the way for the great visions to be written from the vii cent. . Down to the ix cent. The monks compilers mapped out an itinerary and organised the relationships between the living and the dead. All these texts, as read by the venerable bede, are turned into the system of public penance prolonged inthe otherworld; the last stage, purgation, is to take place in the next world. The third part describes the peak and decline of the literary genre. During the x and xi cent. It has a tendency to dissolve itself and become more allusive. In the xii cent. , two orientations becom clear. Some texts show a cosmic and more symbolical trend, while others get back to the older tradition. The former, longer and more famous ones (saint patrick's purgatory, visions of tnugdal or alberic) progressively come up against the scepticism of the theologians. After 1206 (thurkill's vision) the genre passes into the vernacular language and, in a very different appearance, results in the divine comoedia
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Perazzi, Pablo. "Anthropology on stage: networks of influence, sociability and prestige at the begining of Etnographic Museum of the universidad de Buenos Aires." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/79068.
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Este artículo se propone analizar algunos aspectos de la trayectoria inicial del Museo Etnográfico —de 1904 a 1917—, período caracterizado por la dirección del arqueólogo Juan B. Ambrosetti (1865-1917). El objetivo es dar cuenta de la situación del establecimiento en el circuito museológico extendido, la inserción de su director en los ámbitos de sociabilidad, las conexiones con coleccionistas, amateurs, funcionarios e instituciones análogas, las redes de intercambio de favores y recursos, y las estrategias para la adquisición y formación de sus colecciones. A lo que se aspira, pues, es a un entendimiento de las tramas de poder, mecenazgo e influencia alrededor de las cuales un espacio intelectual determinado fue ganando credibilidad, legitimidad y el prestigio necesarios para dotar a la disciplina del capital simbólico y social esperado. La tesis que se sustenta es que, en su fase formativa, las disciplinas antropológicas se modularon y obtuvieron reconocimiento sobre la base de alianzas, generalmente de tipo informal, con instituciones y agentes no pertenecientes a la comunidad de referencia.This article intends to analyse some aspects of the initial trajectory of the Ethnographic Museum —from 1904 to 1917— period characterized by the direction of archaeologist Juan B. Ambrosetti (1865-1917). The aim is to give an account of the situation of the establishment in the museological circuit locally and internationally, the inclusion of the director in the spheres of sociality, connections with collectors, amateurs, civil servants and similar institutions, networks for the exchange of favors and resources, and strategies for acquisition and training of their collections. What aims, therefore, is an understanding of the plots of power, patronage and influence around which a given intellectual space gained credibility, legitimacy and the prestige necessary to equip the discipline of the expected social and symbolic capital. The thesis supported is that, in their formative stage, anthropological disciplines were modulated and gained recognition on the basis of partnerships, generally of informal kind with institutions and agents not belonging to the community of reference.
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Bellotti, Karina Kosicki. "Delas e o reino dos ceus : midia evangelica infantil na cultura pos-moderna do Brasil (Anos 1950 a 2000)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280290.
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Orientador: Eliane Moura da SilvaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T23:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bellotti_KarinaKosicki_D.pdf: 21797140 bytes, checksum: d6aac87e7996c53b0159635b9aab875f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: A tese propõe uma história cultural da mídia evangélica infantil produzida no Brasil entre os anos 1950 e 2000. Defendemos a idéia de que o uso da mídia foi um fator importante para a constituição de uma cultura evangélica pós-moderna brasileira, voltada para o consumo individual e para questões práticas cotidianas. O tema da família e da infância tem fomentado uma intensa circulação de bens culturais evangélicos por meio da mídia, que permite a construção de uma religiosidade transdenominacional. Consolida-se uma cultura evangélica midiática que mescla mensagens tradicionais cristãs a formatos contemporâneos disponíveis em um supermercado cultural evangélico. Focalizamos os discursos e as estratégias de produtores de mídia evangélica, a fim de analisar as representações sobre a infância cristã. Além disso, analisamos a recepção desses produtos para identificar os seus usos e sentidos no cotidiano
Abstract: The thesis proposes a cultural history of the children's evangelical media produced in Brazil between the 1950s and 2000s. We defend the idea that the use of media was an important factor for the constitution of a post-modern Brazilian evangelical culture, directed towards the individual consumption and daily issues. The theme of the family and the infancy has fomented an intense circulation of evangelical cultural goods through the media, which allows the construction of a transdenominational religiosity. One consolidates a mediatic evangelical culture that mingles traditional Christian messages with contemporary formats available in an evangelical cultural supermarket. We focus on the discourses and the strategies of evangelical media producers in order to analyse the representations on Christian childhood. Besides, we analyse the reception of these products to identify their uses and meanings in the daily life
Doutorado
Historia Cultural
Doutor em História
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Neusiedler, Julia. "Etude du rôle de la protéine INT6 dans la dégradation des ARN par la voie du "Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay" (NMD) et dans la traduction et la dégradation des ARN histones." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736233.
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Différentes observations montrent que la protéine INT6 humaine possède une activité suppresseur de tumeurs. Il a été démontré que chez l'homme le gène int6 était sous-exprimé dans environ 30% des cancers du poumon non à petits cellules et que cette sous-expression était un facteur de mauvais pronostic. Des expériences de criblage double hybride avec INT6 comme appât ont identifié une protéine nommée SLIP1 (SLBP Interacting Protein 1). Un effet de SLIP1 sur la traduction des ARN messager des histones a été montré. Les travaux que j'ai menés indiquent qu'INT6 en interagissant avec SLIP intervient dans le contrôle de la stabilité et de la traduction des ARNs codant pour les histones. Un knockdown d'INT6 provoque une baise des niveaux des histones endogènes sans avoir un effet au niveau d'ARN. Mes études, en révélant un nouveau mécanisme de dans lequel INT6 joue un rôle direct, permettent ainsi de faire le lien entre - d'une part - les fonctions connues de cette protéine dans la traduction et son contrôle et - d'autre part - les effets oncogéniques connus de son altération. Par ailleurs, l'étude de la fonction d'INT6 dans les cellules humaines réalisée par ARN interférence montre une inhibition de la dégradation des ARNm possédant un codon stop prématuré par la voie du Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay (NMD). Nous avons étudié son action par rapport aux ARNs HTLV-1. Nous avons observé une stabilisation significative des cibles de NMD. Ceci démontre que la protéine Tax interfère avec cette voie de dégradation des ARN d'une part en empêchant l'interaction entre UPF1 et INT6 et d'autre part en interagissant lui-même avec la protéine UPF1 phosphorylée. En agissant sur le NMD, Tax intervient à un niveau post transcriptionel qui pourrait avantager la réplication virale et aussi permettre la tolérance cellulaire aux mutations liées à l'effet mutagénique établi de Tax.
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Molin, Anneli. ""Nu får ni klara min son själva" : En vetenskaplig essä om förskolan som en del av instiutionaliseringen av barndomen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38359.
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My essay is about the transition between home and preschool and takes its starting point in two stories. The first describes an induction conversation and how I as an educator react and act on the basis of the reactions of the two caregivers. The second story also depicts two different reactions from caregivers just before they go home after the first day of preschool training. My purpose with the essay is to find out whether these reactions from caregivers are based on the same problem, institutionalization of childhood. From society's demands on society's members, preschool politics and society's views, it has developed a institutionalization. Through a historical perspective, I want to try to shed light on how it can affect the reactions and actions of legal representatives in the transition between home and preschool. Shared responsibility, how does it look between home and preschool when society has created an institutionalization of childhood? In my essay I would like to shed light on how the pre-school's policy documents over time influenced and changed the perception of responsibility. From being nurtured in the home and educated in preschool as an institution to give the preschool the responsibility to develop a collaboration between home and preschool in a close and trusting way. As a ready preschool teacher June 2019 I start working in the business of preschool with a mission that is guided by a new curriculum, “Lpfö 18”. I wondered then, how these changes affect my job as a preschool teacher? In my essay, I want to try to give my views on the changes and how I now think that I can approach the concept of teaching that is part of education. I will use a scientific essay as a method, where I reflect on my dilemmas and with the help of a historical perspective on preschool politics. By trying to shed light on positions and assignment formulations that have been given may have gained importance in the perception of the shared assignment between home and preschool. Also highlight and reflect on what the new curriculum, “Lpfö 18”, and its reformulations can be of importance in terms of the view of a preschool teacher's mission in the future.
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Paula, Pollyana Nascimento de. "(Des) Construções históricas do é “ser mulher”: um olhar sobre as goianas e sobre os momentos iniciais da presença delas no esporte." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4094.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The first decades of the twentieth century have big social, economic and cultural changes. In the name of modernity, new practices and places of sociability also allowed questions of what was considered only "truth." For goianas portrayed in the press, being a mother was unquestioned as the only way of "being a woman". However, increasing urbanization, theater, cinema, feminism, politics, fashion, bodily practices and the sport have opened up new places daily struggles, power relations and resistance to such "truths". This historiographical study aims to historicize the presence, participation and inclusion of women in Goiás places of sociability and especially their presence early moments of the sport in the state of Goiás, observing and analyzing how the "truths" socially constructed through relations of power and resistance, permeate the everyday as well as reflected and / or influenced the presence and participation of women in these new places. Located, across disciplines, in the areas of Physical Education, Human Rights and History. Has as a research writing periodic press, published during the first decades of the twentieth century, specifically by the year 1936, when the change happens from the state capital of Goiás to Goiânia. Is important to highlight, women in Goiás portrayed in the press release represent only part of a much broader group goianas women. Our analysis focuses, in particular, the women portrayed in the press, in particular between the lines of news, where you can see their daily struggles, power relations and resistance to insert in places beyond the home environment. Between the lines, they question the only way to "be a woman", hitherto considered. The analysis allows to establish four axes of results: 1) Being a mother was apparently regarded as the true and only way to "be a woman"; 2) The only way to "be a woman" was somehow forged by different knowledge; 3) The lines of Goiás press show that modernity also brought new opportunities, breaks paradigms and questions about such "truth"; 4) The Goiás sport possible new places of sociability, as well as film, fashion and feminism.
As primeiras décadas do século XX passaram por grandes mudanças sociais, econômicas e culturais. Em nome da modernidade, novas práticas e locais de sociabilidade possibilitaram, também, questionamentos do que até então era tido como “verdade” única. Para as goianas memoradas na imprensa, ser mãe e esposa era algo inquestionável como a única forma de “ser mulher”. No entanto, a crescente urbanização, o teatro, o cinema, o feminismo, a política, a moda, as práticas corporais e o esporte abriram novos lugares de lutas cotidianas, relações de poder e resistências a tais “verdades”. Este estudo historiográfico tem como principal objetivo historicizar a presença, inserção e participação das mulheres goianas nos lugares de sociabilidade e, principalmente, a presença delas momentos iniciais do esporte, no estado de Goiás, observando e analisando como as “verdades” socialmente construídas, por meio de relações e poder e resistência, perpassaram pelo cotidiano, bem como se refletiram e/ou influenciaram na presença e na participação das mulheres nesses novos lugares. Esta análise situa-se, interdisciplinarmente, nas áreas da Educação Física, Direitos Humanos e História. Tem-se como fonte de pesquisa a imprensa periódica escrita, publicada durante as primeiras décadas do século XX, especificamente até o ano de 1936, quando acontece a mudança da capital do estado de Goiás para Goiânia. É importante ressaltar que as mulheres memoradas na imprensa goiana representam apenas parte de um grupo bem mais amplo de mulheres goianas e que as análises centram nas mulheres retratadas na imprensa, em que é possível perceber nas entrelinhas dos noticiários, onde é possível perceber suas lutas cotidianas, relações de poder e resistências para se inserir em lugares além do ambiente doméstico. Nas entrelinhas, elas questionam a única forma de “ser mulher”, até então considerada. As análises permitiram estabelecer quatro eixos de resultados: 1) Ser mãe era aparentemente considerado como a verdadeira e única forma de “ser mulher”; 2) A única forma de “ser mulher” era de algum modo, forjada por diferentes saberes; 3) As entrelinhas da imprensa goiana mostram que a modernidade trouxe, também, novas possibilidades, quebras de paradigmas e questionamentos sobre tal “verdade”; 4) O esporte goiano possibilitou novos lugares de sociabilidade, bem como o cinema, a moda e o feminismo.
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Winqvist, Camilla. "Snusförnuft. J A Boman & Co och dess anpassningsförmåga : En företagshistoria om en tobaksfirma i Göteborg år 1847-1915." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för historia och samtidsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-23570.
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This essay is a business history about the Swedish midsized tobacco company J A Boman & Co, previously Ferd Körner and Körner & Boman, which was part of the blooming tobacco industry in Sweden during the 19th century. One purpose of the essay is to fill a gap within both business history in general and the study of tobacco companies in particular, since they both tend to favor studies on larger companies. The other purpose is to find a methodological way to study a smaller sized, older company with very few sources from the actual company. The essay seeks to answer questions about the company’s production history and how it changed over the years. The study takes use of both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the company and how it developed over time. It is not an essay deeply embedded in theory, it rather seeks to use different theoretical approaches. One approach is a micro level macro theory, that claims that a company only can be understood through the macro level and that the company, itself being the micro level, can deliver exciting new findings that creates a deeper understanding for the macro level. Throughout the essay, the company’s production statistics are examined, and combined with newspaper articles, letters and previous academic works within the field, the essay closes in on answers to the questions that were introduced in the beginning. The examination of the company finds that the midsized company managed to survive through adaptability to its time and circumstances. The company chose to sell their products through merchants instead of directly to the consumers, unlike most of the other tobacco companies at the time. The methodological problem, which was part of the essay’s purpose, was resolved by the combined method described earlier in the abstract, although the essay would admittedly have been better if there had been some papers left from the examined company.
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Tlemsani-Cantin, Charifa Jawad. "Lumières sur le sujet contemporain : pour une poétique du sujet contemporain à travers l’oeuvre en prose de F. Delay, G. Macé, P. Michon et P. Quignard." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2021.
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"Mort du sujet", "retour du sujet", "sujet postmoderne", notre temps n'est pas avare de concepts et de formules... Or, savoir précisément ce qu'ils recouvrent est un autre défi. Penser l'époque contemporaine est en effet une gageure intellectuelle et déterminer ce qu'est le sujet ne l'est pas moins... Pour cela, étudier les spécificités du sujet aujourd'hui dans ses trois acceptions d'écrivain, de fable et de personnage sans gommer les différences propres à un corpus d'étude comparatiste semblait de bonne méthode. Une trentaine de vies imaginaires et d'essais méditatifs, formes littéraires nées pour ainsi dire dans le dernier quart du XXe siècle ; des proses mi-fictionnelles mi-sérieuses de quatre auteurs contemporains ayant déjà une certaine reconnaissance institutionnelle, P. Michon, G. Macé, P. Quignard et Fl. Delay, constituait notre corpus d'étude. Se demander d'abord comment les ruptures avec l'ère formaliste affectaient la parole de nos auteurs était une étape nécessaire. On les a ainsi vu refuser l'autorité de "l'auteur" pour se représenter en "lettrés actifs" et chercher davantage l'espace tenu mais ferme d'un "effet sujet" que les sables mouvants de l'écriture personnelle. Que cette subjectivité repensée influe également sur le délicat équilibre de l'avéré et de l'imaginaire dans nos textes n'est alors pas étonnant. Elle est révélatrice de l'attente double qui caractérise notre temps et d'une des configurations que prend le lyrisme dans la prose contemporaine. Ces tensions dans l'écriture sont cependant moins sources de déchirements que l'origine d'une figuration nouvelle. D'une densité légère, d'une luminosité spectrale et d'une profondeur complexe et translucide à la fois, l'hologramme constitue une métaphore riche de sèmes pour penser l'écriture contemporaine comme le fonctionnement du personnage dans nos textes. Ni acteur impliqué dans la glèbe du monde ni individu désabusé, le sujet contemporain est plutôt ce rêveur qui construit des mondes et qui s'efforce d'y advenir. Altérant le présent pour pouvoir rencontrer autrui, le sujet contemporain s'assume comme être de relation et d'accueil, nouveau sujet lyrique qu'une voix chuchotée a fait naître entre le monde de l'attesté et celui de l'imaginaire"Death of the subject", "return of the subject", Postmodern subject" - modern criticism is not short of such notions and formulae. To know precisely what these mean is, however, another matter entirely... Whilst understanding the contemporary poses an intellectual challenge of one kind, defining the subject poses another of equal importance. For this reason, it seemed methodologically appropriate to define the specificities of the subject today by considering the three dimensions it assumes in the works of contemporary writers - namely the scholarly, the fabulous and the fictional. The corpus of works considered in this study comprises about thirty imaginary lives and meditative essays - literary forms which have developed mainly during the last quarter of the 20th century. These texts, by four relatively well-established literary figures, (P. Michon, G. Macé, P. Quignard and F. Delay) mingle both fiction and reality. It was firstly necessary to determine how the break with the Formalist era had affected the writing of the authors considered. In this regard, they were found to be locking for a more concrete way of self-expression thus avoiding the potential pitfalls inherent in subjective writing. that this re-analysis of subjectivity in the chosen texts equally affects the delicate characterises our times and illustrative of one of the forms of lyricism in contemporary prose. Such tensions in contemporary writing do not lead so much to rupture as to the beginnings of a new configuration. With a lightness, a spectral luminosity and a depth of complexity with a translucent quality, the hologram represents a rich set of metaphors for contemporary writing and the dynamic of the character within our texts. Neither an active force within the world nor disabused by it, the contemporary subject is above all a dreamer constructing its own worlds in which to take place ; altering the present in order to approach others, the contemporary subject presents itself as open to relationships with others, and constitutes a new lyrical entity brought forth by a whispering voice between the real world and the imagined
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Hoppe, André. "Staus auf Deutschen Bundesautobahnen: Quantifizierung von Verlustzeiten anhand der Analyse historischer Staudaten." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-222916.
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In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die erstmalig die durch Staus verursachten Verzögerungszeiten auf Bundesautobahnen mithilfe von Annahmen aus der Verkehrsflussdynamik zu schätzen versucht. Dies geschieht anhand einer GPS-gestützten Vollerhebung aller Staus aus den Jahren 2015 und teils auch 2016, welche vom Navigationsdienstleister TomTom zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass für das Jahr 2015 rund 190 Mio. Fahrzeug-Stunden (Anzahl betroffener Fahrzeuge × Staustunden) anfielen, was für die betroffenen Autofahrer einen monetären Wert von ca. vier Milliarden Euro ausmachte. Es wurden zudem Engpässe anhand eines Rankings erstellt, womit dauerhafte Schwerpunkte auf Autobahnen aufgedeckt wurden. Unter einer konkret definierten räumlichen, zeitlichen und sachlichen Abgrenzungen kann diese Methodik sowohl für die Forschung als auch für die Weiterentwicklung von Navigationsdiensten dienenThe estimation of time losses caused by traffic congestions have not previously been assessed by using assumptions of traffic flow dynamics. With a GPS-supported full survey of all jams from the year 2015 and parts of 2016 this master thesis tries to quantify the additional (congested) travel time on German Motorways. The analysis has shown that all jams reported on German highways produced time losses over 190 million vehicle-hours (amount of involved vehicles × congestion hours), which equals a monetary value of four billion euros for the involved drivers. Furthermore the ranking of the respective bottlenecks has been developed over the year and main congestion hotspots on motorways have been revealed. By using a precisely defined local, temporal and objective delimitation, this method could be used for further research and developments of navigation services as well
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Lesme, Anne. "L'enfant dans la photographie sociale américaine de 1888 a 1941 (Jacob A. Riis, Lewis W. Hine et des photographes dela Farm Security Administration) : enjeux sociaux et esthétiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3122.
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La naissance de la photographie sociale aux États-Unis à la fin du XIXe siècle est contemporaine d'une place nouvelle accordée à l'enfant dans la structure familiale. Le contraste est grand entre l'enfant riche, sacralisé, à l'innocence louée dans les arts, et l'enfant pauvre, souvent exploité mais représenté de façon surtout pittoresque. Tout en mettant l'enfant pauvre au cœur de leurs préoccupations, les réformateurs font usage de la photographie dans une optique de progrès social et d'intervention où texte et image se révèlent indissociables, qu'il s'agisse de Jacob A. Riis, journaliste et photographe à New York à la fin du XIXe siècle et de l'engagement de Lewis W. Hine dans la lutte contre le travail des enfants avec le National Child Labor Committee, dans un contexte de forte immigration, d'industrialisation et d'urbanisation chaotique, ou des photographes de la Farm Security Administration à la fin des années 30 dans le cadre du New Deal. L'enfant est au centre d'une rhétorique qui s'appuie sur la dimension vivante et vraie de la photographie et sur son pouvoir émotionnel et il contribue à la définition d'un genre photographique : le documentaire social, dont le statut évolue sous l'effet de la diversification des modes de diffusion (presse, conférences, expositions, musée)Social photography was born in the United States at the end of the 19th century at a time when children were beginning to occupy a new place in the family. There is a stark contrast between the rich children, who tend to be sanctified and whose innocence is praised through art, and the poor children, who are often exploited and depicted in a picturesque way. While putting poor children at the heart of their concerns, the reformers used photography as a means to promote social progress, in such a way that text and image prove to be indissociable. Such is the case with Jacob A. Riis, a journalist and photographer who worked in New York at the end of the 19th century, and Lewis W. Hine, through his commitment to the struggle against child labor with the National Child Labor Committee (at a time marked by high immigration, rapid industrialization, and chaotic urbanization), as well as the photographers who worked for the Farm Security Administration at the end of the 1930s within the New Deal. Children are at the heart of a rhetorical system that exploits the vivid and truthful dimensions of photography and its power to move us. They contribute to the emergence of a new genre of photography, social documentary photography, which evolved according to the various ways in which it was disseminated (the press, conferences, exhibitions, and museums). While the cause of children is most often defended and while they maintain their status as subjects in these photographs, the ways in which they are depicted through different means of communication and dissemination sometimes turn them into mere objects
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Wood, Laura Thomason. "Change of Condition: Women's Rhetorical Strategies on Marriage, 1710-1756." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4921/.
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This dissertation examines ways in which women constructed and criticized matrimony both before and after their own marriages. Social historians have argued for the rise of companionacy in the eighteenth century without paying attention to women's accounts of the fears and uncertainties surrounding the prospect of marriage. I argue that having more latitude to choose a husband did not diminish the enormous impact that the choice would have on the rest of a woman's life; if anything, choice might increase that impact. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Hester Mulso Chapone, Mary Delany, and Eliza Haywood recorded their anxieties about and their criticisms of marriage in public and private writings from the early years of the century into the 1750s. They often elide their own complex backgrounds in favor of generalized policy statements on what constitutes a good marriage. These women promote an ideal of marriage based on respect and similarity of character, suggesting that friendship is more honest, and durable than romantic love. This definition of ideal marriage enables these women to argue for more egalitarian marital relationships without overtly calling for a change in the wife's traditional role. The advancement of this ideal of companionacy gave women a means of promoting gender equality in marriage at a time when they considered marriage risky but socially and economically necessary.
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Ndiaye, Maguette. "Pour une esthétique de l'apocalypse dans "London Fields" de Martin Amis et "How the Dead Live" de Will Self : thèmes, formes et lieux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAC023/document.
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Comment écrire à l’ère du post-humain sans avoir recours à une apocalypse postmoderne qui aurait déjà rompu avec ses origines bibliques ? Si nous sommes désormais familiers avec la manière dont les romans de Martin Amis et de Will Self assument pleinement un discours apocalyptique radical, nous explorons les possibilités d’arguer en faveur d’une esthétique apocalyptique plus complexe avec ses formes diverses et ses variations thématiques allant de la menace nucléaire à des révélations plus intimes. Les deux textes de notre corpus, London Fields de Martin Amis et How the Dead Live de Will Self, sont donc unis dans ce travail par la présence fantasmagorique de la mort (dont le meurtre de l’amour) et par la "spectacularisation" de la mort. Dans la perspective d’une fin sans cesse rejouée, le personnage est autant l’avatar de ses propres contingences - le temps, le trafic urbain, le simulacre et la mort - que la cible d’une langue qui se déliteIn this resolutely post-human era how can literature disregard the appeal of a postmodern apocalypse that has long left behind its biblical origins? We argue that not only do the novels of Martin Amis and Will Self clearly engage in a radical apocalyptic discourse with all its various forms and thematic variations - from the nuclear threat to more intimate revelations - but also designate the intricate workings of a wider apocalyptic aesthetics. This is what joins the two novels of our corpus: London Fields and How the Dead Live, with the phantasmatic death or murder of love, on one side and the "spectacularity" of death on the other. With the future consisting of the endless repetition of their “end”, the characters are as much their own avatars conditioned by the contingencies of time, urban congestion, simulacrum and death, as they are the targets of an eroded language
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Liu, Zen-huan, and 劉振寰. "A Study of History-based Predicted Vector Routing Protocol for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (HPVR)." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80691541760254049516.
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碩士國立屏東商業技術學院
資訊工程系(所)
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The node in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (VDTN) has a variety of characteristics such as high speed and sparse connectivity. The characteristics reduce the performance of the routing protocol in MANET and DTN. To deal this problem, we propose a new routing protocol called History-based Predicted Vector Routing for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (HPVR), we use the routing table to exchange the node information include position, direction, speed and update time for each node in the communication. The node information records in their history table. When source has a message ready to be translated to the destination, we use the information of the destination from history table to calculate the delivery probability. The delivery probability combines the prediction of the destination position and the movement of the node in communication. We select the node that has the higher packet delivery to carry the packet. HPVR provides the higher delivery ratio and the lower communication overhead. We use Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) as the simulator. We compare the packet delivery ratio, overhead, relay, and latency and hop count in Epidemic, DAER, HVR and SD_MPAR protocol. As a result, we prove HPVR protocol achieves better performance than the other routing protocols.
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Wagener, Theodore L. "The effects of increased cognitive load, sociability and family history of substance use on delay discounting." 2005. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-1586.pdf.
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"The Effect of Comparison Target and Resource Stability on Delay Strategies in Decision Making." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.29898.
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abstract: People commonly make decisions and choices that could be delayed until a later time. This investigation examines two factors that may be especially important in these types of decisions: resource stability and comparison target. I propose that these two factors interact to affect whether individuals tend to adopt a delay strategy or whether they engage in more present-oriented strategy. Specifically, this thesis study tested whether picturing one’s ideal led to the adoption of a delay strategy to a greater extent when resources were stable and to a lesser extent when resources were unstable. Participants read a house-hunting scenario in which the market was stable or unstable, and either pictured their ideal house at the beginning of the task or did not. As expected, participants in the stable housing market were more willing to delay choosing a house, though the predicted interaction between resource stability and comparison target did not emerge. Contrary to the predictions, however, participants who pictured their ideal house were more willing to choose a house immediately and were more satisfied with the house they chose. Overall, these findings did not lend support to the main argument of this investigation that picturing one’s ideal would promote a delay strategy under stable resource conditions. The finding that participants preferred immediate choice after picturing their ideal may have interesting implications for persuasion and advertising.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Psychology 2015
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Thiongane, Mamadou. "Prédiction du délai d'attente en temps réel et modélisation des durées de service dans les centres d'appels multi-compétences." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18472.
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Dans cette thèse, nous commençons par l'étude de la prédiction de délai d'attente des clients dans les centres d'appels multi-compétences. Le temps d'attente a un impact important sur la qualité du service perçue par les clients.
L'annonce du délai d'attente permet de réduire l'incertitude du client à propos de son délai d'attente. Elle peut également augmenter la satisfaction du client et réduire le nombre d'abandons. Ceci nécessite d'avoir un bon prédicteur de délai.
Malheureusement les prédicteurs existants ne sont pas adaptés pour les centres d'appels multi-compétences.
Nous proposons trois types de prédicteurs qui utilisent l'apprentissage machine: le premier utilise la régression par les splines cubiques, le second emploie les réseaux de neurones artificiels, et le dernier utilise le krigeage stochastique.
Les prédicteurs prennent en entrée le temps d'attente du dernier client de même type à entrer en service, la période d'arrivée du nouveau client, le nombre d'agents des groupes, la longueur de la file des clients de même type, et les longueurs des files d'attente des types servis par les mêmes agents.
Ces prédicteurs donnent de bons résultats pour les systèmes multi-compétences, mais un inconvénient est qu'ils ont un grand nombre de paramètres qui doivent être appris à l'avance durant une phase d'entraînement du modèle qui nécessite une grande quantité de données et temps de calcul.
Nous proposons ensuite deux nouveaux prédicteurs de délai qui sont très simples à mettre en œuvre, requièrent peu d'effort d'optimisation, ne nécessitent pas de données, et qui sont applicables dans les centres d'appels multi-compétences.
Ils sont basés sur l'historique des temps d'attente des clients. Le premier estime le délai d'un nouveau client en extrapolant l'historique des attentes des clients actuellement dans la file d'attente, en plus du délai du dernier qui a commencé le service,
et en prenant une moyenne pondérée. Le second retourne une moyenne pondérée des délais des anciens clients de la même
classe qui ont trouvé la même longueur de file d'attente quand ils sont arrivés.
Ensuite, nous nous intéressons à la modélisation des durées de service dans les centres d'appels. En général, les modèles de file d'attente d'Erlang standard sont utilisés pour analyser les opérations dans les centres d'appels. Dans ces modèles, les temps de service des agents sont modélisés comme des variables aléatoires exponentielles indépendantes, identiquement distribuées et de moyenne constante. Plusieurs travaux récents ont montré que la distribution des temps de service est : dépendante du temps, log-normale plutôt qu'exponentielle, et dépend aussi de l'agent.
Nous proposons une modélisation plus réaliste des temps de service dans les centres d'appels qui prennent en compte plusieurs propriétés observées dans les données réelles. Nos modèles prennent en compte: l'hétérogénéité des agents, la dépendance du temps, les corrélations sérielles entre les temps de service d'un agent pour le même type d'appel, et les corrélations croisées entre plusieurs types d'appels servis par le même agent. Nous avons montré que ces modèles prédisent les moyennes des temps de service des agents mieux que les modèles de références considérés.
Par la suite, nous montrons par la simulation que ces modèles plus réalistes conduisent à des prédictions des performances du système significativement différentes de celles des modèles de références, et les décisions que pourraient prendre le gestionnaire en observant ces données peuvent mener à des économies de coûts importants dans la pratique.In this thesis, we begin with the study of delay prediction of customers in multiskill call centers. Waiting time has an important impact on the quality of service experienced by customers. Delay announcement can reduce customer uncertainty about its delay time. It also can increase customer satisfaction and reduce the number of abandonments. This requires having a good delay predictor. Unfortunately existing predictors are not adapted for multiskill call centers. We propose three types of predictors that use machine learning: the first uses regression cubic splines, the second employs artificial neural networks, and the latter uses the stochastic kriging. The predictors take as inputs the delay of the last customer of the same type to enter service, the arrival period of the new customer, the staffing of agents groups, the queue length of the same type, and the queue lengths of types served by the same agents. These predictors work well for multiskill call centers, but one drawback is that they have a large number of parameters that must be learned in advance during the training phase that requires a large amount of data and computional time. We also propose two new delay predictors that are very simple to implement, require little optimization effort, do not need any data, and are applicable in multiskill call centers. They are based on the wait times of previous customers of the same class. The first one estimates the delay of a new customer by extrapolating the wait history of customers currently in queue, plus the delay of last one that started service, and taking a weighted average. The second one takes a weighted average of the delays of the past customers of the same class that have found the same queue length when they arrived. Next in this thesis, we are also interested in modelling service time in call centers. In general, the standard Erlang queueing models are used to analyze call centers operations. In these models, agent service times are modelled as independent and identically distributed exponential random variables with a constant mean. Several recent studies have shown that the distribution of service time is: time-dependent, lognormal rather than exponential, and distinct by agent. We propose a more realistic modelling of service times in call centers that takes into account multiple properties observed in real life data. Our models take into account: the heterogeneity of agents, the time dependence, serial correlation between service time of an agent for the same call type, and the cross-correlations between several call types served by the same agent. We show that these models predict agent average service time better than the considered benchmark models. Thereafter, we show by simulation that these more realistic models lead to system performance predictions significantly different from those of the benchmark models, and decisions that manager could take by observing this data can lead to important cost savings in practice.
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Goodwin, John 1953. "Can Environmental Factors Affect Half-Life in Beta-Decay? An Analysis." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148338.
Full textAbstract:
Early in the history of the field of nuclear science, experiments were performed to ascertain whether the half-lives of the radioactive substances being studied – isotopes then called the “radium emanation” [222Rn], “radium A” [218Po], “radium B” [214Pb], and “radium C” [214Bi] - were dependent upon any external factors. At that time, the external factors deemed most likely to affect half-life were temperature and pressure. After several experiments, designed to pick up any change in half-life in the course of changing temperature or pressure, had failed to find any significant changes, it was concluded that half-life does not depend on the physical properties of external environment. And that was the state of the field for a long time - for almost 100 years, in fact.
Fairly recently, however, half-life measurements were recorded, and published, that seemed to show a change in half-life at the few percent level for certain radioactive nuclides which were exposed to extremes of temperature - thus challenging the long-held belief in the unchangeability of half-lives. In addition to half-life changes caused by temperature change, other experiments seemed to find half-life changes caused by other external influences, including the chemical environment of the decaying radioactive nuclide, and even the distance between Earth and the Sun at the time of the half-life measurement.
In this study we present evidence that the initial beliefs in the immutability of radioactive half-life (with the exception of a few nuclides decaying by electron capture whose orbital electrons are involved in both the decay and also in the chemical bonding of those nuclides) is indeed correct; we have done this by performing precise half-life measurements on the β− emitter 198Au, the EC emitter 97Ru, and on the β− emitter 198Au when sited in gold(III) oxide, Au2O3, (an insulator for practical purposes). We have performed various experiments designed to detect any half-life change at the level of a few parts in 10^4 due to change in temperature, physical environment, or the Earth-Sun distance. In these experiments, we have found no significant half-life change due to any of these external factors. These results represent the most accurate demonstrations of the immutability of radioactive half-life change ever made.
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Johnston, Alexander. "Covenanted peoples : the Ulster Unionist and Afrikaner Nationalist coalitions in growth, maturity and decay." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7757.
Full text
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Christie, Jennifer. "Characterizing ARS2 localization and function in differentiating myoblasts." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6050.
Full textAbstract:
ARS2 is a member of the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) that is critical for a
number of RNA processing pathways. The emerging model is that ARS2 acts as a master
regulator of RNAPII transcript maturation by bringing capped RNA substrates together
with the appropriate processing machinery. ARS2 is essential for early mammalian
development but it remains unclear precisely how ARS2 functions in stem and progenitor
cell maintenance and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to answer basic
questions about the localization and function of ARS2 in muscle progenitor cells. Here I
describe the localization of ARS2 in proliferating myoblasts and post-mitotic
differentiating myotubes and show that disruption of ARS2 expression levels by
knockdown or overexpression results in impaired myogenic differentiation. I also
discovered a new isoform of ARS2 that is localized exclusively in the cytoplasm and
found preliminary evidence that ARS2 is required for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).
This study includes the first evidence that an ARS2 isoform is expressed in the cytoplasm
and opens the door for the discovery of new ARS2 functions beyond its reported roles in
the nucleus.Graduate
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De, Jager Thea Laurette. "The poesis of decay : a painter's response to the dystopian aesthetic." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26241.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the investigation and deconstruction of the phenomena of the South African dystopian society, as reflected in the novels of Lauren Beukes and films by Neill Blomkamp. The characteristics and signifiers of a uniquely South African dystopian society are established and investigated through a posthuman lens. The theoretical framework of this study is principally concerned with the critical posthuman writings of Rosi Braidotti, Donna Haraway and, to a lesser extent, Cary Wolfe. Feminism and post-colonialism, and their influences on posthuman theory, are applied as the secondary theoretical framework, in this study.
The study is practice led, with the study of the literature serving as mutually informative to the execution of a body of work centred on the dystopian theme. The paintings are intended to be metonyms for the wide range of manifestations of social decline evident in contemporary South African narratives.Arts and Music
M.A. (Visual Arts)
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Opuamah, Abiye. "Narrating social decay: satire and ecology in Ayo Akinfe's Fuelling the Delta Fires." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25727.
Full textAbstract:
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University
of the Witwatersrand in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Arts, 2017This research report conducts a critical examination of Ayo Akinfe’s Fuelling the Delta Fires by paying attention to the writer’s use of satire to highlight social problems such as corruption, deception and exploitation in Nigeria. The focus is on how Akinfe’s novel represents exploitation, waste, and excess that have become normative in a country on the brink of collapse. The work also seeks to identify and critique how Akinfe employs satire to interrogate the syndrome of the ‘big-man’ in Nigeria, showing how their actions contribute to social decay and violence. The research will also examine issues of ecology in the Niger Delta. Ecology has often been construed as a Western ideology that has little resonance within the framework of the African novel. However, this work, tries to show that as the scholarship on ecological humanities has evolved over the years, African alternatives which take account of the unique challenges of the continent have also being developed. Akinfe draws from these proposed models of ecology to focus attention on the ecological issues that are a direct outcome of the exploration of oil in the Niger Delta and by so doing, brings attention to the transgressions of government and multinational corporations who go to great lengths to extract oil in the region. Applying ecocritical examples suggested by scholars like Anthony Vital, Byron Caminero-Santangelo and others, the research report demonstrates how literature has been used as a medium to expose greed that facilitates ecological degradations and how the culture of consumerism affect the daily lives of the inhabitants of the Niger Delta.
XL2018
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Bock, Maxime Raymond. "Morel, suivi de Gilbert La Rocque, Montréal et la modernité pourrie." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25238.
Full textAbstract:
Thèse en recherche-création.Morel est un roman social qui raconte l’évolution de la ville de Montréal au cours du 20e siècle, en particulier des quartiers Centre-Sud et Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, à travers la vie familiale et professionnelle d’un personnage fictif, Jean-Claude Morel, de sa naissance durant la Grande crise jusqu’à l’année 2018. En tant qu’ouvrier travaillant aux grands projets d’ingénierie urbaine qui ont transformé Montréal (gratte-ciels, métro, autoroutes, échangeurs, tunnel Louis-Hippolyte- La Fontaine, stade olympique), Morel est une victime collatérale de la modernité à laquelle il contribue : la destruction du Faubourg à M’lasse, les expropriations en vue de la construction de l’autoroute Notre-Dame, la désindustrialisation et l’embourgeoisement ont pour effet de le repousser toujours plus loin vers l’est et de briser sa famille, alors que son métier exigeant et dangereux brise son propre corps. Morel remet en question la manière de raconter la vie d’un homme et de faire le récit d’une ville en faisant de la chronologie l’enjeu principal de sa forme, par un constant jeu d’analepses et par un télescopage temporel, la fin d’un chapitre se poursuivant au début du suivant, bien que l’action se déroule dans des lieux et un temps différents. Ainsi, ce roman est aussi une « fiction de l’histoire » en ce qu’il interroge les caractéristiques communes entre la fiction et la science de l’histoire : la narrativité, la focalisation, l’ancrage documentaire, et la chronologie au premier chef. /// Gilbert La Rocque, Montréal et la modernité pourrie est un essai littéraire dans lequel je m’investis comme écrivain pour faire dialoguer ma pratique d’écriture avec celle de l’écrivain montréalais Gilbert La Rocque (1943-1984). Auteur de six romans et d’un téléthéâtre entre 1970 et 1984, La Rocque, bien qu’il ait bénéficié de son vivant de la reconnaissance de ses pairs en tant que romancier et éditeur, demeure une figure négligée par les études littéraires québécoises. Cet essai a pour but de le recadrer dans l’écosystème littéraire de son époque en analysant comment sa représentation de Montréal est une manifestation du « catastrophisme [qui] se trouve au cœur même de la modernité québécoise » (Pierre Nepveu, L’écologie du réel), principalement à travers les figures de la ville en tant que « monstre-avaleur » et que nécropole dont les habitants sont des parasites, des insectes et des vermines. Le concept de modernité québécoise est interrogé dans une perspective historique, des représentations de Montréal au 19e siècle jusqu’à la Révolution tranquille où le Québec achève son « entrée dans la modernité » (Marcel Fournier). Les œuvres de La Rocque sont étudiées en fonction de diverses tendances qui animent la littérature québécoise durant la modernité propre à ses années de production : la littérature engagée ayant un « sujet- nation » comme protagoniste, les romans autoréférentiels de la modernité de l’écriture (Jean Fisette) et les romans de l’écrivain mettant en scène une institution littéraire professionnalisée, manifestations d’une « modernité avancée » spécifiquement québécoise qui, chez Gilbert La Rocque, étant donné l’omniprésence de la mort de la putréfaction dans son œuvre, est synonyme de modernité pourrie. Essai libre qui construit son propos dans la spéculation propre à la création littéraire universitaire (Jean-Simon DesRochers), Gilbert La Rocque, Montréal et la modernité pourrie peut être considéré comme un essai-découverte (Gérard Bessette) qui n’est pas sans rappeler les œuvres que consacre Victor-Lévy Beaulieu à ses influences.
Morel is a social novel that recalls the evolution of the city of Montréal throughout the twentieth century, in particular the working-class neighbourhoods of le Centre-Sud and Hochelaga- Maisonneuve, via the personal and professional life of Jean-Claude Morel, who was born during the Great Depression. The eponymous Morel, a construction worker, participates in major engineering works that change the face of Montréal (including sky-scrapers, the métro, highways, interchanges, the Louis-Hyppolite-La Fontaine tunnel, and the Olympic Stadium), and is also a collateral victim of the modernity he helps shape: the destruction of the Faubourg à M’lasse, the expropriations ahead of the construction of the Notre-Dame highway, the city’s deindustrialization and the gentrification push him further East and break up his family, while his dangerous and strenuous profession breaks his body. Morel questions the way we tell a character’s story and the history of a city by making chronology its key formal issue, through constant use of analepses and “temporal telescoping” between chapters, where the action at the end of a chapter is continued in the beginning of the next, even though the time and location of the action may differ. The novel is, therefore, a “fiction of history”: it questions those characteristics shared by fiction and by the discipline of history alike, such as narrativity, focalization, documentation reliability, and first and foremost chronology. /// Gilbert La Rocque, Montréal and the Rotten Modernity is a literary essay in which, as a fiction writer myself, I enter into dialogue with the work of Montréal writer Gilbert La Rocque (1943- 1984). Having published six novels and a television play published between 1970 and 1984, La Rocque gained recognition among his peers as a critical writer and editor, and yet he remains a marginal figure in Québec literary studies. This essay attempts to reframe him into his generation’s literary ecosystem by studying how his representation of Montréal is a manifestation of the “catastrophism at the heart of Québec’s modernity” (Pierre Nepveu, L’écologie du réel), mostly though the figures of the city as a “swallowing monster” and a necropolis inhabited by a population of parasites, insects, and vermin. The concept of Québec’s modernity is discussed within an historical perspective, from the representation of Montréal in nineteenth literature to the Quiet Revolution, when Québec finalizes its “entry in modernity” (Marcel Fournier). La Rocque’s novels are influenced by the various literary movements that evolved in Québec literature throughout the particular modernity of his fifteen years of production: militant literature with a “character-nation” as a protagonist, autoreferential novels characteristic of the writing modernity (Jean Fisette), and “writer novels” depicting the professionalization of Québec’s literary institution. All are manifestations of a specifically Québécois “advanced” or “late modernity”, which, considering the omnipresence of death and decay in La Rocque’s novels, is a modernity synonymous with putrefaction. This freely composed essay with the characteristic speculation of creative writing in University (Jean-Simon DesRochers) can be considered as an essay-discovery (Gérard Bessette) that resembles Victor-Lévy Beaulieu’s series dedicated to the authors that influenced him.
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Frän, Ingela. "Att dela helhetssyn : en vetenskaplig essä på jakt efter ett svårfångat begrepp i sjukvården." Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38832.
Full textAbstract:
I denna vetenskapliga essä undersöker jag begreppet helhetssyn som ord, dess historiska utveckling inom hälso- och sjukvård, hur det uppfattas inom aktuell forskning samt ur ett filosofiskt perspektiv. Fenomenologi, hermeneutik och existentialism utgör det filosofiska ramverket och jag låter dessa teorier gå i dialog med gestaltade berättelser från mitt yrkesutövande som fysioterapeut men också med mina reflektioner och tidigare erfarenheter. Hälsa är ett annat begrepp som undersöks eftersom det är nära besläktat med helhet och också något som människan strävar mot genom hela livet. Eftersom mitt arbete huvudsakligen utförs i möte med åldrade patienter ger jag extra mycket utrymme åt just åldrandet och kroniska sjukdom som fenomen. Den praktiska klokheten, kunskapsformen fronesis, växer fram som en grundläggande förutsättning för att kunna sträva mot helhetssyn med en etiskt grundad kvalitet. Även om jag kommer fram till att helhetssyn förmodligen är en utopi så är det fortfarande ytterst viktigt att sträva mot den. Den essentiella delaspekt av helhetssyn som vuxit fram vid sidan av fronesis väljer jag att benämna situasyn. Utmaningen kallas NPM.In this scientific essay, I examine the concept of the holistic view — as a notion, its historical development in health and medical care, how it is perceived within current research, and from a philosophical perspective. Phenomenology, hermeneutics and existentialism constitute the philosophical framework and I let these theories go into dialogue with depicted stories from my professional practice as a physiotherapist, and also with my own reflections and past experiences. Health is another concept that I investigate because of its close relationship with wholeness, and also because it is something that man strives towards throughout his life. Since my work is mainly done in meetings with elderly patients, I give extra space to aging and chronic illness as phenomena. The practical wisdom, phronesis, as a form of knowledge, emerges as a basic prerequisite for being able to strive towards a holistic view of an ethically founded quality. Although I will argue that a holistic view is a utopic vision, I conclude that it is still important to strive towards it. The essential part of the holistic approach that emerged, alongside phronesis, I've chosen to call situasyn. The challenge is called NPM.