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Journal articles on the topic 'Delay spread'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Fu, Chunlong, Guofang Liu, Xiaofan Yang, Yang Qin, and Luxing Yang. "A Rumor-Spreading Model with Three Identical Time Delays." Mathematics 13, no. 9 (2025): 1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091421.

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Understanding the effect of time delays on rumor spreading is of special importance to curbing the spread of rumors. This article proposes a rumor-spreading model with three identical time delays: a delay associated with the negative influence of a spreader on an exposed ignorant individual, a delay associated with the natural change from a spreader to a stifler, and a delay associated with the positive influence of a stifler on an exposed spreader. The basic reproduction number for the model is determined. A criterion for the existence of rumor-endemic equilibrium is provided. Interestingly,

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2

Nurdiansyah, Muhammad Rifqy Adha, Kasbawati, and Syamsuddin Toaha. "Stability analysis and numerical simulation of rabies spread model with delay effects." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 2 (2024): 3399–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2024167.

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<abstract> <p>In this article, a delay differential equations model is constructed to observe the spread of rabies among human and dog populations by considering two delay effects on incubation period and vaccine efficacy. Other parameters that affect the spread of rabies are also analyzed. Using the basic reproduction number, it is shown that dog populations and the two delays gives a significant effect on the spread of rabies among human and dog populations. The existence of two delays causes the system to experience Transcritical bifurcation instead of Hopf bifurcation. The nume

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3

LI, Xiongfei, Jiqiang ZHAI, Xuemin SUN, Yangming GUO, and Guochang ZHOU. "Modeling research of group delay ripple on the performance analysis oriented to a satellite direct sequence spread spectrum communication system." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 43, no. 1 (2025): 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20254310092.

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This study introduces the group delay and its characteristics in satellite channel, meanwhile, the model of the impact of group delay ripple on performance of direct sequence spread spectrum communication system is established and simulated for analysis. The simulation results indicate the specific impact of group delay ripple on system, as well as the impact of group delay ripple on the transmission and reception signals in the spread spectrum communication system. For transmission signals in the spread spectrum system, the group delay ripple can worsen the EVM and Eye-diagram of spread spect

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4

Alshamali, A., and M. Al-Oqleh. "Delay spread statistics in simulcast transmission system." Electronics Letters 38, no. 17 (2002): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20020651.

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5

Vaughan, R. G., and N. L. Scott. "Correlation of delay spread and CCIR impairment." Electronics Letters 31, no. 14 (1995): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19950820.

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6

Bonn, Dorothy. "Lymphogranuloma venereum spread linked to reporting delay." Lancet Infectious Diseases 5, no. 5 (2005): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(05)70100-6.

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7

Samosir, Pebri Yeni, Nyoman Pramaita, I. Gst A. Komang Diafari Djuni Hartawan, and Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi Wirastuti. "Performance Analysis of MIMO STBC System in Flat Fading and Frequency Selective Fading Channels." Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Informatics 3, no. 1 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jeei.2019.v03.i01.p04.

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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology is a technique that can be used to overcome multipath fading. The multipath fading is caused by signals coming from several paths that experience different attenuations, delays and phases. In a multipath condition, an impulse that sent by the transmitter, will be received by the recipient not as an impulse but as a pulse with a spread width that called delay spread. Delay spread can cause intersymbol interference (ISI) and bit translation errors from the information received. To determine the effect of delay spread on the MIMO system, then MIMO

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8

Zhang, Yan, Zunwen He, Wancheng Zhang, Limin Xiao, and Shidong Zhou. "Measurement-Based Delay and Doppler Characterizations for High-Speed Railway Hilly Scenario." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/875345.

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This paper presents results for delay and Doppler spread characterization in high-speed railway (HSR) hilly scenario. To investigate the propagation characteristics in this specific terrain, a measurement campaign is conducted along the “Guangzhou-Shenzhen” HSR in China. A wideband channel sounder with 40 MHz bandwidth is used to collect raw data at 2.4 GHz band. The delay spread and Doppler frequency features are analyzed based on measured data. It is found that there are abundant multipath components (MPCs) in this scenario. We present the relationship between the delay spreads and the trans

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9

Liccardo, Annalisa, Andrea Mariscotti, Attilio Marrese, Nicola Pasquino, and Rosario Schiano Lo Moriello. "Statistical characterization of the 2.45 GHz propagation channel aboard trains." ACTA IMEKO 4, no. 1 (2015): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v4i1.162.

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<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">The propagation channel aboard trains is investigated with reference to the propagation path loss within cars, the delay spread and the coherence bandwidth. Results show that the path loss exponent is slightly smaller than in free space, possibly due to reflections by metal walls, and that it does not depend significantly on the position of transmitter and receiver. The delay spread and coherence bandwidth depend on both the polarization and distance between transmitter and receiver while the effect of interaction is not statistically signific

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10

Arik, Sercan O., Keang-Po Ho, and Joseph M. Kahn. "Delay Spread Reduction in Mode-Division Multiplexing: Mode Coupling Versus Delay Compensation." Journal of Lightwave Technology 33, no. 21 (2015): 4504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2015.2475422.

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11

Kosovych, Ihor, Tetiana Shchur та Ihor Cherevko. "Mathematіcal and Sіmulatіon Modelіng of Epіdemіology Processes". Mathematical and computer modelling. Series: Physical and mathematical sciences 22 (6 грудня 2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2308-5878.2022-23.49-57.

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Sіnce the process of the spreadіng of іnfectіous dіseases cannot be studіed experіmentally іn our socіety, mathematіcal and sіmulatіon tools certaіnly provіde a real alternatіve to the study of the mechanіsm of theіr spread for effectіve control through theoretіcal modelіng wіth subsequent analysіs of the results.The artіcle analyzes dynamіc models wіth a delay that descrіbe applіed processes for sіmulatіng epіdemіcs. Proposed dіfference schemes for nu-merіcal modelіng of dіfferentіal equatіons wіth delay. A web applіcatіon was developed usіng the Python programmіng language for automatіng the

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12

Li, Yunfei, Ning Jia, Ruigang Han, et al. "Statistical Analysis of Intermediate Frequency Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel Characteristics in Deep-Sea Sound Channel Axis." Electronics 13, no. 24 (2024): 4948. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244948.

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Based on experimental data from the deep-sea sound channel axis in the Western Pacific, the statistical distribution law of cluster structure and channel delay spread characteristics are analyzed for three typical receiving depths near the sound channel axis in this paper. A ray theory-based underwater acoustic channel model is used to explain the variations in channel parameters over time and the receiving depth. The results indicate that the underwater acoustic communication channel at the channel axis depth over a 20-km range exhibits a clustered structure that depends on the emission angle

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13

Delangre, O., Ph De Doncker, M. Lienard, and P. Degauque. "Delay spread and coherence bandwidth in reverberation chamber." Electronics Letters 44, no. 5 (2008): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20083676.

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14

Takeuchi, Tomoaki, Koichiro Imamura, Hiroyuki Hamazumi, and Kazuhiko Shibuya. "Fluctuation and Delay Spread of Coupling Loop Interference." Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 58, no. 7 (2004): 957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.58.957.

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15

Panda, Manoj, Arshad Ali, Tijani Chahed, and Eitan Altman. "Tracking Message Spread in Mobile Delay Tolerant Networks." IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 14, no. 8 (2015): 1737–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2014.2362746.

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16

Lopez-Valcarce, R. "Minimum Delay Spread TEQ Design in Multicarrier Systems." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 11, no. 8 (2004): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2004.831676.

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17

Hansen, J. "An analytical calculation of power delay profile and delay spread with experimental verification." IEEE Communications Letters 7, no. 6 (2003): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2003.813815.

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18

Tessema, Kassahun M., Faraimunashe Chirove, and Precious Sibanda. "Modeling control of foot and mouth disease with two time delays." International Journal of Biomathematics 12, no. 04 (2019): 1930001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179352451930001x.

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We develop a delay ordinary differential equation model that captures the effects of prophylactic vaccination, reactive vaccination, prophylactic treatment and reactive culling on the spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD) with time delays. Simulation results from the study suggest that increasing time delay while increasing the control strategies decreases the burden of FMD. Further, the results reveal, that decreasing time delay while decreasing the control strategies increases the burden of FMD. The intermediate scenarios of either (i) increasing time delay while decreasing control or (ii)

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19

Haberman, Steven. "Pension Funding With Time Delays and the Optimal Spread Period." ASTIN Bulletin 25, no. 2 (1995): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.25.2.563246.

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AbstractThe paper extends earlier results by demonstrating that there is an optimal range of values for the period for amortizing valuation surpluses or deficiencies, in the case when there is a one year time delay between fixing a contribution rate and the accounting information about current fund levels. The optimal range is compared for the cases where there is no time delay and there is a one year time delay.

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20

Chen-Charpentier, Benito. "Delays in Plant Virus Models and Their Stability." Mathematics 10, no. 4 (2022): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10040603.

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Viruses infect humans and animals but also infect plants and cause great economic and ecological damage. In most cases, the virus is transmitted by a vector. After being bitten by an infected vector, the virus takes some time to replicate and spread in the plant. We present two models of the spread of viruses in plants based on ordinary differential equations, and then add either a delay or an exposed plant population. We study two ways of adding the delay. In the first one, a plant infected by a vector changes from susceptible to infective after a time equal to the delay. In the second one, i

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21

B. Majed, Mohammed, Tharek A. Rahman, and Omar Abdul Aziz. "Propagation Path Loss Modeling and Outdoor Coverage Measurements Review in Millimeter Wave Bands for 5G Cellular Communications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (2018): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2254-2260.

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The global bandwidth inadequacy facing wireless carriers has motivated the exploration of the underutilized millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks, and mmWave band is one of the promising candidates due to wide spectrum. This paper presents propagation path loss and outdoor coverage and link budget measurements for frequencies above 6 GHz (mm-wave bands) using directional horn antennas at the transmitter and omnidirectional antennas at the receiver. This work presents measurements showing the propagation time delay spread and path loss

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22

Mohammed, B. Majed, A. Rahman Tharek, and Abdul Aziz Omar. "Propagation Path Loss Modeling and Outdoor Coverage Measurements Review in Millimeter Wave Bands for 5G Cellular Communications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (2018): 2254–60. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2254-2260.

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The global bandwidth inadequacy facing wireless carriers has motivated the exploration of the underutilized millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks, and mmWave band is one of the promising candidates due to wide spectrum. This paper presents propagation path loss and outdoor coverage and link budget measurements for frequencies above 6 GHz (mm-wave bands) using directional horn antennas at the transmitter and omnidirectional antennas at the receiver. This work presents measurements showing the propagation time delay spread and path loss

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23

Shi, Renxiang. "Dynamics of Delayed Phytoplankton–Zooplankton System with Disease Spread Among Zooplankton." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 31, no. 12 (2021): 2150184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127421501844.

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In this paper, we study the dynamics of phytoplankton–zooplankton system with delay, where delay means that releasing toxin for phytoplankton is not instantaneous. First, we prove the positivity and boundedness of solutions, discuss the Hopf bifurcation caused by delay. Furthermore, we study the property of Hopf bifurcation by center manifold and normal form. Then, we study the global existence of bifurcated periodic solution. Finally by simulation, we show the influence of delay, disease spread and recovery from infected to susceptible on the dynamics of phytoplankton–zooplankton system.

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24

Bartsch, Sarah M., Susan S. Huang, Kim F. Wong, et al. "Impact of Delays between Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and Food and Drug Administration Revisions of Interpretive Criteria for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 11 (2016): 2757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00635-16.

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Delays often occur between CLSI and FDA revisions of antimicrobial interpretive criteria. Using our Regional Healthcare Ecosystem Analyst (RHEA) simulation model, we found that the 32-month delay in changing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) breakpoints might have resulted in 1,821 additional carriers in Orange County, CA, an outcome that could have been avoided by identifying CRE and initiating contact precautions. Policy makers should aim to minimize the delay in the adoption of new breakpoints for antimicrobials against emerging pathogens when containment of spread is paramount;

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25

Zhang, Mingyu, Xiangxi Wen, Minggong Wu, and Hanchen Xie. "Identification of Critical Nodes for Delay Propagation in Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) Route Networks." Aerospace 11, no. 11 (2024): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11110878.

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In response to the challenges associated with forecasting the trajectory of flight delay propagation, pinpointing pivotal nodes within the route network, and the substantial costs involved in enhancing operational efficiency, this study introduces an innovative approach to identifying critical nodes that influence delay propagation across route networks. The methodology commences by establishing a route network model for East China, leveraging the principles of complex network theory. It then incorporates the SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) model, typically used for analyzing the

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26

Wang, Ke, Chan-Tong Lam, and Benjamin K. Ng. "Positioning Information Based High-Speed Communications with Multiple RISs: Doppler Mitigation and Hardware Impairments." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (2022): 7076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147076.

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In this paper, we consider a multiple reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted system using positioning information (PI) to explore the potential of Doppler effect mitigation and spectral efficiency (SE) enhancement in high-speed communications (HSC) in the presence of hardware impairments (HWI). In particular, we first present a general multi-RIS-assisted system model for HSC with HWI. Then, based on PI, different phase shift optimization strategies are designed and compared for maximizing SE, eliminating Doppler spread, and maintaining a very low delay spread. Moreover, we compare t

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27

Bharti, Ayush, Ramoni Adeogun, Xuesong Cai, et al. "Joint Modeling of Received Power, Mean Delay, and Delay Spread for Wideband Radio Channels." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 69, no. 8 (2021): 4871–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2021.3060099.

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28

Gonsioroski, L. H., and L. da Silva Mello. "Measurements of Building Transmission Loss and Delay Spread at 2.5 GHz." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/683941.

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This paper presents the results of measurements of signal transmission loss at 2.5 GHz through 10 urban buildings. This allows the characterization of different types of buildings by effective attenuation constants and consideration of the contribution of the transmitted signal in microcell coverage predictions. Power delay profiles (PDPs) of the received signal were also measured and used to determine the time dispersion parameters of the channel, including the mean excess delay and the rms delay spread.

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29

Chia-Liang Liu and K. Feher. "An asymmetrical pulse shaping technique to combat delay spread." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 42, no. 4 (1993): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/25.260770.

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30

Zheng, Bo, Moxun Tang, and Jianshe Yu. "Modeling Wolbachia Spread in Mosquitoes Through Delay Differential Equations." SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 74, no. 3 (2014): 743–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/13093354x.

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31

Tsioumparakis, K. H., J. G. Gardiner, and T. L. Doumi. "Delay spread statistics in vicinity of same-frequency repeater." Electronics Letters 31, no. 18 (1995): 1607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19951090.

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32

Tao Luo, E. S. Sousa, and S. Pasupathy. "Small delay multipath diversity in spread spectrum communication systems." IEEE Transactions on Communications 50, no. 7 (2002): 1160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2002.800814.

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33

Petrie, P. R., S. J. Brooke, M. A. Moran, and V. O. Sadras. "Pruning after budburst to delay and spread grape maturity." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 23, no. 3 (2017): 378–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajgw.12303.

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34

Wen, Jyh-Horng, Shu-Hong Lee, Gwo-Ruey Lee, and Jin-Tong Chang. "Timing and delay spread estimation scheme in OFDM systems." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 54, no. 2 (2008): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4560092.

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35

Reyes, Hector, Naima Kaabouch, and Wen-Chen Hu. "Spectrum Channel Characterization Using Delay and Doppler Spread Parameters." Journal of Communications 9, no. 3 (2014): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12720/jcm.9.3.234-240.

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36

Liu, Junli, Tailei Zhang, and Zhidong Teng. "Spread of disease involving time delay and population dispersal." Dynamical Systems 23, no. 3 (2008): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14689360802225505.

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37

Magyar, A., V. K. A. Arthanareeswaran, J. Alidjanov, B. Köves, and P. Tenke. "Strategies to delay the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria." European Urology Supplements 16, no. 11 (2017): e2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(17)32090-0.

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38

FERBER, R. G. "A FILTER, DELAY AND SPREAD TECHNIQUE FOR 3D DMO1." Geophysical Prospecting 39, no. 6 (1991): 737–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1991.tb00342.x.

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39

Chuang, J. C. I. "The effects of multipath delay spread on timing recovery." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 36, no. 3 (1987): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-vt.1987.24111.

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40

Honda, Junichi, and Kazunori Uchida. "Delay spread of electromagnetic waves along random rough surface." Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 4, no. 3 (2011): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12652-011-0100-0.

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41

Coko, Duje, and Ivan Marinovic. "RMS Delay Spread Assessment for Indoor UWB Propagation Channels." Wireless Personal Communications 95, no. 3 (2017): 2625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-3944-6.

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42

Member, Shinichi Ichitsubo, and Teruya Fujii. "Prediction of mobile radio delay spread from frequency correlations." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 76, no. 3 (1993): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410760309.

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43

Güzelgöz, Sabih, Hasan Basri Çelebi, and Hüseyin Arslan. "Articulating Factors Defining RMS Delay Spread in LV PLC Networks." Journal of Computer Systems, Networks, and Communications 2010 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/802826.

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Communication over the power line network (PLN) referred as power line communication (PLC) has a long history of narrowband applications. With the recent developments in the field of digital communications, current interest is to exploit this medium for wideband communications for several applications such as Internet access, home networking, and in-vehicle data communication. In line with this recently emerging interest which envisions the conversion of a power transmission network into a communication network, understanding the root-mean-squared (RMS) delay spread is essential for multipath

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44

Adamson, Matthew W., and Frank M. Hilker. "Resource-harvester cycles caused by delayed knowledge of the harvested population state can be dampened by harvester forecasting." Theoretical Ecology 13, no. 3 (2020): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12080-020-00462-x.

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Abstract The monitoring of ecosystems and the spread of information concerning their state among human stakeholders is often a lengthy process. The importance of mutual feedbacks between socioeconomic and ecological dynamics is being increasingly recognised in recent studies, but it is generally assumed that the feedback from the environment is instantaneous, ignoring any delay in the spread of ecosystem knowledge and the resulting potential for system stability loss. On the other hand, human actors rarely make purely myopic socioeconomic decisions as is often assumed. Rather, they show a degr

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45

García Sánchez, Manuel, Alejandro Santomé Valverde, and Isabel Expósito. "Radio Channel Scattering in a 28 GHz Small Cell at a Bus Stop: Characterization and Modelling." Electronics 9, no. 10 (2020): 1556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101556.

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The 28 GHz band is one of the available bands in Frequency Range 2 (FR2), above 6 GHz, for fifth generation (5G) communications. The propagation characteristics at this frequency band, together with the bandwidth requirements of 5G communications, make it suitable for ultra-dense smart cell networks. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a radio channel in the presence of moving, scattering sources for a small cell at 28 GHz, located at a bus stop. To do so, measurements of the channel complex impulse response with a sweep time delay cross-correlation sounder were made and then used

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46

Algans, A., K. I. Pedersen, and P. E. Mogensen. "Experimental analysis of the joint statistical properties of azimuth spread, delay spread, and shadow fading." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 20, no. 3 (2002): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.995511.

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47

Budikarso, Anang, Kukuh Setyadjit, Aripin Aripin, et al. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Spread-Spectrum dan Analisa Simulasi Kanal Multipath berbasis Fpga (Field Programmable Gate Array) Menggunakan Pseudo Noise Gold Code." El Sains Jurnal Elektro 4, no. 1 (2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/elsains.v4i1.6793.

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Dengan berkembangnya teknologi IC terprogram yang semakin canggih dan modern seperti FPGA, FPAA dan yang lainnya, maka pada tesis kali ini dibuat suatu modul sistem spread-spektrum dengan FPGA sebagai implementatornya. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan rancang bangun sistem spread spectrum dan simulasi kanal multipath berbasis FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), sebagai kode acak semu dipilih jenis kode Gold. Untuk melihat kinerja sistem tersebut dilakukan uji coba dan pengukuran hasil terhadap pengaturan pen-delay-an pada lintasan jamaknya. Dari hasil percobaan yang dilakukan sifat

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48

Li, Shuang-de, Yuan-jian Liu, Le-ke Lin, et al. "Channel Measurements and Modeling at 6 GHz in the Tunnel Environments for 5G Wireless Systems." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1513038.

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Propagation measurements of wireless channels performed in the tunnel environments at 6 GHz are presented in this paper. Propagation characteristics are simulated and analyzed based on the method of shooting and bouncing ray tracing/image (SBR/IM). A good agreement is achieved between the measured results and simulated results, so the correctness of SBR/IM method has been validated. The measured results and simulated results are analyzed in terms of path loss models, received power, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, Ricean K-factor, and angle of arrival (AOA). The omnidirectional path loss

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49

Molina-García-Pardo, J. M., J. V. Rodríguez, and L. Juan-Llácer. "Underestimation of the RMS Delay Spread When using Uniform Tapped Delay Lines In Wireless Communications." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 5-6 (2008): 872–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308784159516.

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50

Ziółkowski, Cezary, and Jan Marcin Kelner. "The Influence Of Propagation Environment On The Accuracy Of Emission Source Bearing." Metrology and Measurement Systems 22, no. 4 (2015): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mms-2015-0042.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the radio direction finding (DF) in multipath environments. Based on the measurement results presented in the open literature, the authors analyse the influence of environment transmission properties on the spread of the signal reception angle. Parameters that define these properties are rms delay and angle spreads. For these parameters, the mutual relationship is determined. This relationship is the basis for assessment of the required number of bearings that minimize the influence of the environment on the accuracy of DF procedure. In the presented analysis, th

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