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Journal articles on the topic 'Delhi High Court'
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Rakhecha, Vishal. "Delhi High Court on patent protection for transgenic plants." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 13, no. 10 (September 20, 2018): 763–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy130.
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Raj, Yash, Vishwa Patel, and Sannidhi Buch. "Marrying innovative bride with competitive groom: Delhi High Court accepts jurisdiction of CCI on abuse of dominance." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 11 (November 2020): 862–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa144.
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Abstract Monsanto Holdings Pvt Ltd v Competition Commission of India, WP(C) Nos 1776/2016 and 3556/2017, High Court of Delhi, New Delhi, judgment of 20 May 2020 by Mr Justice Vibhu Bakhru The Delhi High Court, in the case of Monsanto Holdings Pvt Ltd v Competition Commission of India, held that the Competition Commission of India has jurisdiction to examine and investigate any perceived anti-competitive practice or abuse of dominant position by any undertaking in matters relating to the rights of patentees under the Indian Patent Act 1970.
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Bhattacharya, Shuvam. "Delhi High Court on applicability of DNA test as evidence to prove infringement of IP rights in plant varieties." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 1 (December 10, 2019): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz160.
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Abstract Pioneer Overseas Corporation v Chairperson, Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights and Ors, W.P.(C) 6470/2013 and CM No 14085/2013, Delhi High Court, 1 July 2019 In this case, the Delhi High Court held that mere conformity to the distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS) test by a plant variety cannot be a ground to disallow a DNA test to prove infringement of another plant variety.
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Agarwal, Devika, and Radhika Agarwal. "Delhi High Court broadly interprets the Bolar exemption in India." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 12, no. 8 (July 12, 2017): 623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpx119.
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Gehlot, Ashwini, and Aklovya Panwar. "Jurisdiction for online trade mark infringement in India." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 3 (February 20, 2020): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa017.
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Abstract Impresario Entertainment & Hospitality Pvt Ltd v S & D Hospitality, 2018 Cs (Comm) 111/2017, Delhi High Court, 3 January 2018 In Impresario Entertainment & Hospitality Pvt Ltd v S & D Hospitality, the Delhi High Court clarified the issue of jurisdiction regarding trade mark infringement arising out of acts committed on the Internet. The Court upheld its earlier decision of Banyan Tree Holding (P) Limited v A Murali Krishna Reddy & Anr, 2009 and solved the conflicting decisions over the issue.
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Panwar, Aklovya, and Ashwini Gehlot. "Intermediary liability for trade mark infringement in India: the Louboutin case." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa015.
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Abstract Christian Louboutin SAS v Nakul Bajaj and Ors, CS (COMM) 344/2018, Delhi High Court (Prathiba M Singh J), 2 November 2018 In Christian Louboutin SAS v Nakul Bajaj and Ors, the Delhi High Court has given for the first time an indispensable ruling to clarify the responsibility and liability of online intermediaries for trade mark infringement. In a subsequent judgment in L’Oreal v Brandworld & Anr (CS(COMM) 980/2016, Prathiba M Singh J, 12 November 2018), the same court has confirmed the approach taken in Louboutin.
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Panchal, Mohit. "Combatting digital piracy in cinematographic works: Delhi High Court grants India’s first dynamic injunction against rogue websites." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 8 (July 6, 2019): 596–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz092.
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Banerjee, S. "What's hot? What's not? Delhi High Court rejects 'hot news' doctrine." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 8, no. 12 (November 20, 2013): 905–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpt201.
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Gupta, Aditya, and Asish Mishra. "De Simone ruling: Delhi High Court suffocates the dual protection model." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 573–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa094.
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Agarwal, Devika, and Radhika Agarwal. "Delhi High Court upholds safe harbour for intermediaries in copyright disputes." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 12, no. 5 (May 2017): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpx040.
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Chaudhary, Apoorv. "Delhi High Court rules on copyright protection of game show concept." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy169.
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Nandula, Lalitha. "Delhi High Court excludes safe harbour protection for e-commerce platform." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 9 (August 4, 2019): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz095.
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Sandhu, Amit Jyoti. "Delhi High Court identifies limitations to architects’ moral rights in case of demolition of buildings." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 599–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz094.
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Bharadwaj, Ashish, and Srajan Jain. "Philips v Bansal and Bhagirathi Electronics: India's first decision on the infringement of a standard essential patent." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 9, no. 3 (July 2019): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2019.03.06.
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The Delhi High Court considered the law and policy issues around standard essential patents in India. While the court adopted a very internationalist approach to the issue it included many unfortunate findings, which are explored here.
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Gupta, Aditya. "From ‘Sherlockian Venture’ to a ‘Matter of Trial’: Delhi High Court adds to the plight of the Indian direct selling market." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa068.
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Kumaresan, Mathangi. "Delhi High Court orders global removal of defamatory content on consideration of inappropriateness of sole geo-blocking." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz180.
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Abstract Swami Ramdev and Another v Facebook, Inc and Others (2019) 263 DLT 689 The Delhi High Court has recently ordered the global removal of defamatory content by social media platforms and ruled that geo-blocking would not be a valid alternative.
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Agarwal, Devika, and Radhika Agarwal. "Delhi High Court provides broad interpretation of education exception in Indian copyright law." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 12, no. 5 (April 7, 2017): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpx039.
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Chaturvedi, Pragya. "Delhi High Court rules on copyrightability of mechanical compilations: implications for Big Data?" Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 14, no. 6 (April 1, 2019): 429–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpz044.
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Cassese, Sabino. "Legal Comparison by the Courts." Revista Jurídica Piélagus 9, no. 1 (December 6, 2010): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25054/16576799.611.
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On July 2, 2009 , the Delhi High Court ruled that consensual sexual acts between adults in private are not criminal, and therefore declared that Section 377 of the Indian Criminal Code violates Articles 21, 14 and 15 of the Constitution.
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Nain Gill, Gitanjali. "Environmental protection and developmental interests." International Journal of Law in the Built Environment 6, no. 1/2 (April 8, 2014): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-03-2013-0010.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study of a global challenge: the relationship between commercial development and the protection of eco-fragile systems particularly where river water is involved. It reviews and critiques the legal and political processes that underpinned the Commonwealth Games (CWG) 2010 in Delhi and the building of the accommodation Village on the floodplain of the river Yamuna. Design/methodology/approach – The paper covers the controversial modern history of the Yamuna river that runs through Delhi. The river is “dead” and has been subject to litigation concerning its usage and that of its flood plain. In particular, the controversy peaked prior to the CWG 2010 in Delhi and the required buildings associated with the games. The paper traces the history of the legal actions and the inter-related involvement of the various actors being the politicians, construction developers, the river bank dwellers and the local environmentalists. Close analysis is made of the statutory administrative procedures required for environmental clearance, the subsequent case law both in the High Court of Delhi and the Supreme Court of India. Additionally, usage is made of the media and its concerns over corrupt and negligent practices. Findings – The Indian judiciary in their willingness to promote the construction of the Village failed to apply its own environmental jurisprudence. There was a failure to “lift the veil” and review flawed administrative practices that violated governing statutes. National pride, time pressures, political support, economic interests and rapid urbanisation created a pressure that the courts could not challenge. It was left to investigative committees, after the Games had concluded, to expose these wrongdoings. Originality/value – The paper highlights the issue of the relationship of the courts and political and economic interests and how legally protected ecological interests are ignored.
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Rajasingh, B. V. "Parallel import of trade marked goods is legal in India, says Delhi High Court." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 8, no. 9 (August 9, 2013): 676–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpt131.
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Berwal, Paramjeet Singh. "Delhi High Court rules out copyright infringement in reproductions of large portions of books." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpw167.
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Khanna, Vandita. "A tale of targeted violence in Hashimpura: the Delhi High Court on recognition, relations and responses." Jindal Global Law Review 11, no. 1 (April 2020): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41020-020-00113-6.
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Gupta, Aditya. "Fruit of a forbidden tree: Delhi High Court reemphasizes the rights of the prior adopter of a trade mark." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 677–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa126.
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Kirby CMG, Michael J. "THE AUSTRALIAN AND INDIAN CONSTITUTIONS, SIMILARITIES, DIFFERENCES AND THE CHALLENGE OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHOICE." Denning Law Journal 30, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 17–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v30i2.1697.
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In this article, based on an address to the India Law Institute in New Delhi, the author, a former Justice of the High Court of Australia lists ten features of the constitutions of Australia and India that exhibit similarities; ten features where there are sometimes marked differences; and two areas of operation that illustrate the fact that in constitutional adjudication, especially, judicial decision-makers face what Julius Stone described as “leeways for choice”. By reference to decisions in Australia and India on issues of race, aboriginality and human sexuality, the article identifies the inescapable challenge of choice and suggests useful guideposts.
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Rawat, Charan. "Arbitrate and Violate - A Critique of the Foundation Laid by the Delhi High Court in the Case of NTT DoCoMo Inc. vs. Tata Sons Limited." ATHENS JOURNAL OF LAW 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 413–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.7-3-8.
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The decision of the Delhi High Court in the matter of NTT DoCoMo Inc vs Tata Sons Limited and the settlement thereof in the year 2017 has attracted significant attention from all stakeholders. The case involves an analysis of the foreign direct investment policy and the regime regarding foreign investments in India and exits of foreign investors from companies in India. The dispute involves an interplay of interpretation of contracts and the role of the Reserve Bank of India. While the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 does not permit “assured returns” to a foreign investor at the time of its exit, it appears that the arbitral tribunal, and the DHC took a favoured view when it came to NTT DoCoMo Inc. The decision of the DHC, upholding the foreign arbitral award for a contract that was in obvious violation of FEMA was quite startling. Unfortunately, this rationale was also used by the Supreme Court in the case of Vijay Karia & Others vs Prysiman Cavi E Sistemi SLR & Others, which further compounds this issue. The Apex Court accepted the view of DHC in the NTT Docomo case, and held that a violation of the provisions of the FEMA does not result in a “breach of public policy of India”. This paper aims to analyse and critiq the decisions taken by the arbitral tribunal, DHC and the Supreme Court in the case of NTT DoCoMo Inc vs Tata Sons Limite and Vijay Karia & Others vs Prysiman Cavi E Sistemi SLR & Others. Besides legality, these two cases also raise serious concerns regarding the quality of corporate governance of companies and the professional ethics of legal advisory services, which has been discussed further in this paper. In the author’s view, RBI, as a custodian of the foreign currency reserves and implementer of FEMA, is best placed to interpret the regulations and operational guidelines issued under FEMA. The decision in these two cases, where the parties have used the international arbitration clause to bye-pass the laws of India, has now provided a template for parties to enter into contracts with a deliberate intention to bypass the provisions of the law, and indulge in unethical practices. The paper tries to elucidate how these cases have set an incorrect precedent as regards assured returns in India. Keywords: “assured returns”, “international arbitration”, “Tata - NTT Docomo Dispute”, “pricing guidelines”
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Ghosh, Eashan. "A chapter called controversy: breaking down the Delhi high court appellate bench verdict in F Hoffmann-La Roche v Cipla Ltd." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 6, no. 2 (April 2016): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2016.02.08.
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Bhatia, Gautam. "Case Comment: Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India: The Indian Supreme Court’s Decriminalization of Same-Sex Relations." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 22, no. 1 (October 7, 2019): 218–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_022001010.
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The Indian Supreme Court’s judgment in Navtej Singh Johar, delivered in September 2018, decriminalizing same-sex relations in India, generated a storm of discussion and debate, in both India and in the world beyond. Apart from its clear and sharp verdict that held that the Indian Constitution protected the rights of the LGBTQ+ community, the decision was also noteworthy because it reversed the Court’s own prior judgment, delivered a mere five years before (in 2013), that had upheld the constitutional validity of the law that penalized same-sex relations. In this case comment, we set out the chronology of judicial decisions that led to the final judgment in Navtej Singh Johar: the judgment of the High Court of Delhi in 2009, which first decriminalized same-sex relations, the 2013 judgment of the Indian Supreme Court that reversed it, and the various judicial proceedings that continued to rumble on in the Court—an additional round known as the ‘curative hearing’, and separate litigation on the constitutional status of the right to privacy. Within this context, the paper then discusses the multiple opinions that were delivered by the Bench in Navtej Singh Johar, and examines the reasons on the basis of which the Court held that Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code—insofar as it criminalized same-sex relations between consenting adults—violated the fundamental rights to equality, nondiscrimination, freedom of expression, and life and personal liberty, guaranteed by the Constitution of India. The article will conclude by setting out some possibilities for the way forward, in light of the judgment.
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Forsyth, Christopher. "Human Rights in India: Historical, Social and Political Perspectives. Edited by Chiranjivi J. Nirmal. [New Delhi: Oxford University Press. 1999. xxxvi, 269, (Bibliography) 18, (Annexures) 34, and (Index) 6 pp. Hardback £12.99 net. ISBN 1–972–87055–4.] Datar on Constitution of India. By Arvind P. Datar. [Nagpur: Wadhwa & Co. 2001. cxxxiii, 1401, (Appendices) 180, and (Index) 92 pp. Hardback £75.00 net. ISBN 0–19–564597–9.]." Cambridge Law Journal 61, no. 2 (June 24, 2002): 463–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197302461697.
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The Constitution of India is a mammoth instrument—the largest Constitution in the world—with 395 articles, 12 Schedules and 83 amendments. Accounts of the constitutional law of India are thus inevitably very large. The late H.M. Seervai’s multi-volume Constitution of India (4th edn., 1993) is well known and rightly described as “monumental”. But now a new work is making its presence felt. Arvind Datar originally intended to write no more than a Student’s Edition of Seervai. But Seervai refused permission for this project, taking the view, probably with justice, that his work could not be summarised. So Datar decided to write an article by article commentary of the Constitution and Datar on Constitution of India is the result. The resulting book is monumental in its own right. It deals exhaustively with each of the articles of the constitution. The author makes it plain that he could have written a much longer book in that he refers only to decisions of the Supreme Court of India. Only where the Supreme Court has been silent does he refer to relevant decisions of the several state High Courts. None the less, his approach is commendably comparative. The Constitution of the United States is often referred to (and it is in fact reproduced in an appendix) as are decisions of the US Supreme Court. But the work as a whole shows that “Not the Potomac, but the Thames, fertilises the flow of the Yamuna” (Krishna Iyer J. in Samsher Singh v. Union of India AIR 1974 SC 2192 at 2212 cited by Datar on p. 396).
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Trehan, Karan. "Delhi High Court rules that the use of a trade name similar or deceptively similar to a registered trade mark does not amount to infringement under the Indian Law." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 13, no. 10 (September 20, 2018): 771–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy133.
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Rahman, Sabina Yasmin. "The Beggar as a Political Symbol: An Interactionist Reading of the Endurance of Anti-Begging Laws in India." Social Change 51, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 206–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00490857211012550.
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In 2018, the Delhi High Court held that certain provisions of the state’s anti-begging law were unconstitutional. Nevertheless, such laws continue to operate in at least 20 other Indian states and union territories even today. Begging as a social phenomenon remains an under-researched subject within the social sciences, especially in India where the rare mention that the subject finds often gets subsumed within larger debates on chronic poverty or organised crime. This article begins by tracing the history of regulations around begging, followed by a discussion on the persistence of both begging and anti-begging laws prevalent today. By examining the justification underlying the criminalisation of begging, it contends that such an approach fails to provide insight into the lived experiences of individuals engaged in this activity. It therefore proposes that the analyses of begging in the Indian context adopt symbolic interactionism that lends its rich theoretical framework to enable an interpretation of the act as one of agency; a survival strategy among those living on the margins of the neoliberal urban experience. In doing so, it posits a view of the beggar as a powerful political symbol with the potential to subvert and interrogate the rules of the game in a globalised world.
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Yesmin, Fariya. "Book review: Rahela Khorakiwala. 2020. From the Colonial to the Contemporary: Images, Iconography, Memories, and Performances of Law in India’s High Courts." Contributions to Indian Sociology 54, no. 3 (October 2020): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0069966720942920.
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Rahela Khorakiwala. 2020. From the Colonial to the Contemporary: Images, Iconography, Memories, and Performances of Law in India’s High Courts. New Delhi: Bloomsbury Publishing India Pvt. Ltd (Hart Imprint). xvi + 277 pp. Figures, Appendix, Bibliography, Index. ₹889 (hardback).
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Kiran, Deepti, Balvinder Singh Arora, Arun Gogna, and K. C. Aggarwal. "Dengue IgM antibody sero-status assessment: a current experience in a teaching institution." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 3 (May 23, 2017): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20171552.
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Background: In 2015, Delhi city experienced the worst outbreak of dengue infection since 1996 and our laboratory received a very high number of cases for IgM ELISA testing following clinicians’ referrals. The present study intends to correlate IgM antibody response with duration of fever, platelets counts and ‘with age and gender distribution’ of such cases attending OPDs and subsequently admitted to the medicine and pediatric wards in our tertiary care hospital, New Delhi, albeit, with some useful conclusions and suggestions.Methods: A hospital based observational study was conducted enrolling a total of 500 cases, clinically suspected of DF/DHF/DSS that either reported directly or were referred to Safdarjung Hospital from region in and around Delhi and NCR and subsequently admitted to Emergency Medicine and Paediatrics wards. A total of 500 cases and 50 controls were tested for IgM antibody by ‘IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC ELISA).Results: Of total 500 serum samples tested, 169 i.e. 33.8% were found to be sero positive. Seropositivity was more among the males 99/169 (58.57%) than the females 70/169 (41.43%). The highest numbers of cases were seen in the age group 41-60 years (46.15%). Amongst seropositive cases, 146 (86.39%) cases had fever of >5 days duration while remaining 23 (13.60%) presented with fever of <5 days. Low platelet count between 20,000-1L cells/mm3 was a feature in all the seropositive cases and statistically it was found significant (p-value 0.001).Conclusions: Detection of IgM specific antibodies by MAC ELISA in cases with high index of clinical suspicion continues to be an effective tool providing a supportive criterion to clinical diagnosis, especially during outbreak periods.
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Sharma, Rohit, Raghvendra Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Singh, Maria Simona Raboaca, and Raluca-Andreea Felseghi. "A Systematic Study on the Analysis of the Emission of CO, CO2 and HC for Four-Wheelers and Its Impact on the Sustainable Ecosystem." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 19, 2020): 6707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176707.
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The urbanization in Delhi NCR has led to a rapid increase in the vehicle count concerning the rise in population and mobilization. The emissions from the vehicles are currently counted amongst the main sources of air pollution in Delhi. This affects the quality of air. The emission criterion of various pollutants that are emitted from vehicles is evaluated through various International models, which include various vehicles, their modes of pollutants emitted while driving and other factors that are affecting the weather. The approximate emission of pollutants such as Carbon Monoxide (CO) and/or Particulate Matter (PM), from a variety of vehicles and different fuel types, has undergone diurnal variation over the years, depending on the time of the day. This study presents the emission factor of gaseous pollutants Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxides (CO) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) of 181 four-wheeler cars from different companies containing different types of fuels. The measurement of gaseous pollutants is performed for Delhi, the most polluted city in India. The various facts and data were calculated and analyzed with reference to the standard values set by the national schemes of the Pollution and Environment. Based on this statistical data obtained and analyzed, the scenarios regarding future vehicle growth rate and its impact on air quality are mentioned to overcome emission problems. Therefore, it is important to develop and deploy methods for obtaining real-world measurements of vehicle emissions, to estimate the pollutants. The analysis shows that few parameters need to be a concern for reducing the pollutants emission by vehicles. These major parameters are the high survival rates, decrease in annual mileage and major enforcement for three-to-five-year-old vehicles. This study shows that many old vehicles are used in different regions of the country, regardless of many notifications of banning old vehicles by the Government of India. These old vehicles are the major source of vehicle pollutants. The analysis stated that the diesel engine would emit less CO2/km than a petrol engine if having an almost similar engine capacity.
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Dejaco, Christian, Christina Duftner, Marco A. Cimmino, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Carlo Salvarani, Cynthia S. Crowson, Hilal Maradit-Kremers, Andrew Hutchings, Eric L. Matteson, and Michael Schirmer. "Definition of remission and relapse in polymyalgia rheumatica: data from a literature search compared with a Delphi-based expert consensus." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 70, no. 3 (November 19, 2010): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.133850.
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ObjectiveTo compare current definitions of remission and relapse in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) with items resulting from a Delphi-based expert consensus.MethodsRelevant studies including definitions of PMR remission and relapse were identified by literature search in PubMed. The questionnaire used for the Delphi survey included clinical (n=33), laboratory (n=54) and imaging (n=7) parameters retrieved from a literature search. Each item was assessed for importance and availability/practicability, and limits were considered for metric parameters. Consensus was defined by an agreement rate of ≥80%.ResultsOut of 6031 articles screened, definitions of PMR remission and relapse were available in 18 and 34 studies, respectively. Parameters used to define remission and/or relapse included history and clinical assessment of pain and synovitis, constitutional symptoms, morning stiffness (MS), physician's global assessment, headache, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), blood count, fibrinogen and/or corticosteroid therapy. In the Delphi exercise a consensus was obtained on the following parameters deemed essential for definitions of remission and relapse: patient's pain assessment, MS, ESR, CRP, shoulder and hip pain on clinical examination, limitation of upper limb elevation, and assessment of corticosteroid dose required to control symptoms.ConclusionsAssessment of patient's pain, MS, ESR, CRP, shoulder pain/limitation on clinical examination and corticosteroid dose are considered to be important in current available definitions of PMR remission and relapse and the present expert consensus. The high relevance of clinical assessment of hips was unique to this study and may improve specificity and sensitivity of definitions for remission and relapse in PMR.
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Sharma, Neha, Kamalpreet Singh, Devinder Toor, Somnath S. Pai, Rishika Chakraborty, and Khalid M. Khan. "Antibiotic Resistance in Microbes from Street Fruit Drinks and Hygiene Behavior of the Vendors in Delhi, India." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (July 4, 2020): 4829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134829.
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Microbial contamination of fruit juices has caused major outbreaks, leading to significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The inept hygiene and safety practices followed by the juice vendors are the leading risk factors of the microbial contamination of juices. In this pilot study, the five most crowded markets in urban Delhi, including Kamla Nagar, University of Delhi (north campus), Tilak Nagar, Chandni Chowk, and Rohini, were selected for a questionnaire survey on the fruit juice vendors and the sampling of water used for juice preparation as well as sugarcane, orange, and mix fruit juices collected from these markets for the enumeration of total bacterial count (TBC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. The results indicated that the majority of the vendors were not following hygiene and safety practices when compared with the recommended standard safety practices. The use of municipal water by 95% of vendors with high TBC counts might have been the major source of microbial contamination in all types of fruit juices. E. coli and Salmonella contaminations were high in sugarcane (2 × 105 colony forming units (CFU)/mL) and mix fruit (2.2 × 105 CFU/mL) juice samples, respectively. On the other hand, Vibrio was found to be absent in almost all juice samples except for orange juice. All strains were found to be susceptible to chloramphenicol, but resistant to ampicillin and cefotaxime. Only a few strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and only E. coli strains were resistant to imipenem. Taken together, the overall microbiological standards of fruit juices served by street vendors were not within the acceptable limits, perhaps due to the poor quality of water used to prepare juices and poor hygiene and safety practices followed by the vendors. More importantly, the isolated microbes demonstrated resistance to ampicillin and cefotaxime, which may have pressing public health implications. Post hoc power analyses identified the minimum sample size required for 80% power.
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Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar. "Gender perception in the development of online legal information system for the Indian environment." Bottom Line 30, no. 2 (August 14, 2017): 90–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bl-03-2017-0005.
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Purpose The study aims to identify gender differences and similarities in the awareness of legal information resources and problems faced by legal professionals. Further, the study identifies the differences on the basis of gender, regarding the requirements in developing an online legal information system (OLIS) for the Indian environment. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out in eight law libraries in Delhi using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected through the questionnaire having 27 questions including dichotomous (Yes/No), multiple-choice questions, rating and opinion questions. A need assessment survey was conducted using the structured questionnaire circulated among 750 respondents of eight institutions in Delhi. In total, 397 filled in questionnaires were received back. A total of 246 of the respondents were males and 151 females. The design and development of an OLIS went through five phases, i.e. preliminary preparation, designing and planning phase, development of OLIS covering preparation of software, data structures, metadata, search form, testing and implementation phase and maintenance. Findings The study found that 100 per cent of the female respondents were aware of online legal information resources. Maximum 28.4 per cent female respondents rated legal e-resources “very good”, whereas only 19.9 per cent male ranked them “very good”. Female respondents were found less aware about open access resources. In addition, of 246 male respondents, 213 (86.6 per cent) responded “Yes” about awareness of open access resources and 33 (13.4 per cent) marked “No”. In comparison, 116 (76.8 per cent) female respondents revealed they are aware of open access resources; 35 (23.2 per cent) were not aware of open access resources. Fifty-eight (23.6 per cent) male respondents were very dissatisfied, and 60 (24.4 per cent) completely dissatisfied. However, in contrast, 29 (19.2 per cent) female respondents were very dissatisfied and 24 (15.9 per cent) completely dissatisfied in using open access resources. Research limitations/implications The study covers only eight institutions in Delhi, India. High courts and law universities in other parts of the country are not covered. In addition, OLIS contains a sample collection. Practical implications The study explores the inhibitions faced by female and male legal professionals. A suitable legal information system is developed to match the requirements of female legal professionals, research scholars and faculty members. The study is expected to address problems faced by female legal professionals in accessing the desired judicial and legislative information. Originality/value OLIS (www.olisindia.in) has been developed on the basis of a need assessment survey conducted on male and female legal professionals in India. No study has been conducted so far to compare the viewpoints of male and female legal professionals in India for developing an OLIS.
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Sharma, Rakesh Kumar, Ajay Gogia, Ritu Gupta, SVS Deo, Dayanand Sharma, Sandeep Mathur, and Hari Krishna Raju Sagiraju. "Impact of pre-treatment derived neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio on outcomes in patients with triple-negative breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e12556-e12556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e12556.
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e12556 Background: There is an ambiguity of data regarding the predictive and prognostic significance of pre-treatment-derived neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (DNLR) to attain pathologic complete response (pCR) after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and survival in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: In this ambispective study, conducted at Dr. B.R.A., I.R.C.H., AIIMS, New Delhi, 328 patients of TNBC registered from a period of May 2013 to June 2020, who received treatment with curative intent were included. Patients with oligometastatic TNBC who received NACT with curative intent were also included in the analysis. Survival analysis to evaluate the correlation of pre-treatment DNLR with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was done. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association of DNLR with pCR among the subset of the sample who completed NACT and underwent surgery. Results: The median age of our cohort was 45 (18-74) years. Study cohort comprised of 165 (50.3%) pre-menopausal, 150 (45.7%) post-menopausal and 12 (3.7%) peri-menopausal patients respectively. Stage distribution as per AJCC 7th edition was stage-I 8 (2.4%), stage-II 127 (38.7%), stage-III 171(52.1%), and stage-IV 22 (6.7%) patients respectively. The median duration of symptoms was 3 (0.25-36) months. One seventy-three (52.7%) patients received NACT and underwent surgery, out of which 52 (30.1%) patients achieved pCR. Median DNLR in the overall population was 1.7 (0.4-10.1) and the median derived lymphocyte count of 2290 (370-11700) with < 5%(n = 14) having baseline lymphopenia( < 1000). Based on the maximum sensitivity and specificity, a DNLR cut-off point of 1.77 in the overall population and 1.88 among those patients who underwent surgery following NACT were used to categorize low and high DNLR. Median RFS was 73.5 months in our sample, whereas median OS was not reached. The 3-year RFS and OS rates were 65.8% (59.0-71.8) and 85.1% (79.5-89.2%) respectively. High DNLR( > 1.77) was not associated with RFS [HR (95%CI): 1.36 (0.90-2.06)] and OS [HR (95% CI): 0.97 (0.52-1.81)]. In a subset analysis of patients (173) undergoing surgery following NACT, high DNLR ( > 1.88) was not found to be associated with pCR [OR (95% CI): 0.81 (0.42-1.57)]. Conclusions: Pre-treatment DNLR is an easily available inflammatory marker. Indian patients of TNBC usually have raised baseline lymphocyte count, hence, pre-treatment DNLR may not be a reliable predictor of pCR and survival outcomes in these patients. Association of DNLR at various treatment and post-treatment time points with survival outcomes needs further exploration.
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Ginting, Haryanto, and Muazzul Muazzul. "Peranan Kepolisian dalam Penerapan Restorative Justice terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pengeroyokan yang Dilakukan oleh Anak dan Orang Dewasa." Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum 5, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jiph.v5i1.1977.
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<p class="1judul"><em><span>The Role of the Police in the Application of Restorative Justice to Perpetrators of Criminal Offenses Conducted by Children and Adults</span></em></p><p class="1judul"> </p><h1><span lang="EN-US">The rise of cases of brawl between high school students and even not only between high school students, but also has hit up to campuses, this often happens in big cities such as Jakarta, Surabaya, and Medan. This study aims to determine the role of the Police in implementing Restorative Justice against perpetrators of criminal acts of beating carried out by children and adults that occurred in the District of Namo Rambe District of Deli Serdang. The research method is done by using descriptive qualitative method that is normative. Based on the data obtained in the results of this study, the authors draw conclusions as follows: The criminal justice system must always promote the importance of law and justice. But there is a false view that the measure of the success of law enforcement is only marked by the success of bringing a suspect to court and then being sentenced. The measure of success of law enforcement by law enforcement officers should be characterized by the achievement of values of justice in the community. The police as a state tool that plays a role in enforcing the law is expected to be able to respond to this by implementing a Restorative Justice mechanism.<strong></strong></span></h1>
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Gupta, Taru, Sarika Arora, Anil Kumar, Nupur Gupta, and Sangeeta Gupta. "Evaluation of maternal serum levels of cell adhesion molecules and endothelial inflammatory markers in normal pregnancy, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 6 (May 25, 2017): 2231. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172049.
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Background: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5 to 10% of all pregnancies. Despite the still unexplained pathogenesis, endothelial dysfunctions and inflammatory mediators are thought to be responsible for the pathogenesis gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. Aims and objective of the study was to determine the serum levels of cell adhesions molecules - VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 and endothelial inflammatory markers TNF-α and homocysteine in normal pregnancies, Gestational Hypertension and in Pre-eclampsiaMethods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry, ESI-PGIMSR, New Delhi between October 2013-April 2015. 150 patients who gave informed written consent were enrolled and were divided equally in three groups of 50 each (normotensive, gestational hypertensive and pre-eclamptic patients). Three groups have been compared in terms of variables such as age, BMI, gestational age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, platelet count, AST, ALT, mode of delivery, neonatal weight, VCAM-I, ICAM-I, homocysteine and TNF-alpha concentrations.Results: We found the higher concentrations of vascular cell adhesions molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) and inflammatory mediators (homocysteine and TNF α) in gestational hypertensive patients and in pre-eclamptic patients. Out of four markers, concentrations of ICAM-1 was found in largest proportions and it was also statistical significant. P value was <0.001. Though in our study concentration VCAM-1, homocysteine and TNF-α were also high in gestational hypertensive groups as compared with normotensive patients, but they were not statistical significant.Conclusions: We conclude that higher concentrations of vascular cell adhesions molecules and inflammatory mediators may be responsible for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy suggesting the role of endothelial dysfunction as a central pathogenic feature in development of preeclampsia.
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Choudhary, Rahul, Ashish Goel, Sonal Pruthi, Sarathi Kalra, Sunil Agarwal, and Om Prakash Kalra. "Profile of Patients Hospitalized through the Emergency Room to the Medicine Ward and their Short-term Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 30, no. 6 (November 5, 2015): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x15005312.
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AbstractIntroductionWith an increasing number of sicker patients, limited hospital beds, and an emphasis on day care, the profile of patients hospitalized to medicine wards has undergone a radical re-definition. The increasing share of patients hospitalized through the emergency department for acute care to medicine wards has left little space for hospitalization through the outpatient department (OPD). There are some global data available on the profile of patients presenting to the emergency rooms (ERs) and their subsequent outcome. Data from developing countries, especially India, in this regard are lacking.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included all patients hospitalized to the medicine ward through the medical emergency services, provided by the Department of Medicine, each Wednesday and every sixth Sunday for the entire year (a total of 62 days), from November 2010 through October 2011, and followed their outcome up to seven days after hospitalization.ResultsOf the 3,618 cases presenting to medicine emergency on these days, 1,547 (42.3%) were advised admission. Nine hundred sixty-seven reported to the medicine wards. One hundred eleven (7.73%) expired within 24 hours; others absconded, were lost in transit, did not consent to participation, or were discharged. During the next seven days, 452 (46.7%) recovered sufficiently and were discharged to go home. Two hundred thirty (23.8%) left the hospital without informing the medical staff. Fourteen (1.4%) patients were transferred to other departments. One hundred thirty-seven (8.8%) patients died during the next six days of hospitalization. After Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis, abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, high systolic blood pressure (BP), age, increased total leucocyte count, increased globulin, low bicarbonate in arterial blood, low Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score, and a raised urea >40 mg/dL were found to be associated significantly with mortality.ConclusionOf the 1,547 patients who needed urgent hospitalization, 248 (16%) died within the first week, one-half of them within the first 24 hours. An advanced age, abnormal GCS score, low MMSE score, increased systolic BP, leukocytosis, acidosis, and uremia were found to be associated with a fatal outcome. Therefore, nearly one-half of the patients who would have a fatal short-term outcome were likely to do so within the first 24 hours, making the first day of presentation “the golden day” period.ChoudharyR, GoelA, PruthiS, KalraS, AgarwalS, KalraOP. Profile of patients hospitalized through the emergency room to the medicine ward and their short-term outcome at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(6):593–598.
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Cuker, Adam, Jenny M. Despotovic, Rachael F. Grace, Caroline Kruse, Michele P. Lambert, Howard Liebman, Roger M. Lyons, et al. "Tapering Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: Recommendations Based on the RAND/UCLA Modified Delphi Panel Method." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-133262.
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Background: Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) (e.g., romiplostim, eltrombopag, avatrombopag) are used to stimulate platelet production in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). While it was previously thought that patients would need to remain on a TPO-RA indefinitely, case reports and cohort studies have shown that some patients have discontinued TPO-RAs while maintaining a hemostatic platelet count. We convened a panel of experts to develop clinical recommendations on when it is appropriate to consider tapering and how to taper TPO-RAs in children and adults with persistent or chronic primary ITP. Methods: Using a RAND/UCLA modified Delphi panel, we convened 9 hematologists with an average of 25 years of experience and 1 patient representative. Experts were provided with a summary of evidence from 12 case reports, 11 cohort studies, and 2 clinical trial analyses on sustained remission in patients with ITP treated with TPO-RAs. Experts collaboratively developed and then rated (on a 1 to 9 scale) how appropriate it would be to recommend tapering (with the aim of discontinuing) TPO-RA monotherapy in 432 patient scenarios. Each scenario was a simplified patient history which varied by current platelet count, history of bleeding, intensification of treatment, trauma risk, use of anticoagulants or platelet inhibitors, duration of ITP, months on TPO-RA monotherapy, and early platelet response to TPO-RA (Table 1). In addition, the rating form included different ways to taper patients off therapy, how to monitor patients after discontinuation, and how to restart therapy. Ratings were completed independently by each expert before a full-day meeting. Median ratings were grouped into 3 categories (1-3, 4-6, 7-9) and disagreement was defined as ≥2 ratings of 1-3 and ≥2 ratings of 7-9 for a given scenario. During the meeting, discordant ratings were discussed. At the conclusion, experts completed ratings again (final round). Chi-square tests were conducted to determine if each patient characteristic significantly impacted ratings. Final ratings were used to describe the circumstances when it is inappropriate or appropriate to consider tapering TPO-RA monotherapy, how to taper TPO-RAs, how to monitor patients after discontinuation, and how to restart therapy. The panel was double-blinded while work was ongoing: the sponsor did not know the identity of the experts and the experts did not know the identity of the sponsor. The sponsor did not provide input on study design, methods, results, or interpretation of findings. Results: The proportion of items with disagreement decreased from 20% to 10% following the meeting. In the final round, 5 patient characteristics were found to significantly impact ratings and thus the appropriateness of tapering TPO-RA treatment: platelet count (p<0.001), history of bleeding (p=0.001), intensification of treatment (p<0.001), trauma risk (p<0.001), use of anticoagulants or platelet inhibitors (p<0.001). These characteristics were used to describe when it is inappropriate or appropriate to consider tapering TPO-RA monotherapy (Table 1). Experts agreed that it is inappropriate to consider tapering TPO-RA monotherapy in responding patients with low platelet counts, in patients with less than normal but still adequate platelet counts who have a history of major bleeding, or in patients who have a high risk of trauma and are using anticoagulants or platelet inhibitors (regardless of platelet count). It is appropriate to consider tapering TPO-RA monotherapy in patients with normal/above normal platelet counts, no history of major bleeding, and who have not required an intensification of treatment in the past 6 months. Recommendations on how to taper patients off therapy, how to monitor patients after discontinuation, and how to restart therapy were also developed. Conclusion: A validated methodology was used to assist an expert panel in developing clinical recommendations on when it is inappropriate or appropriate to consider tapering TPO-RA monotherapy and how to safely taper patients off therapy. The guidance reflects areas of greatest agreement based on clinical experience and currently available limited evidence. These recommendations could serve as a guide to clinical care and inform the development and design of clinical trials that prospectively test the safety of tapering TPO-RA monotherapy in patients with ITP. Disclosures Cuker: Pfizer: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Novo Nordisk: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Spark: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Alexion: Research Funding; Bayer: Research Funding; Synergy CRO: Consultancy. Despotovic:Dova: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Grace:Novartis: Research Funding; Dova: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding. Kruse:UCB: Other: Grant and consultancy fee, all paid to PDSA; Rigel: Other: Grant paid to PDSA; Principia: Other: Grant paid to PDSA; Pfizer: Other: Grant and consultancy fee, all paid to PDSA; Argenx: Other: Grant paid to PDSA; Amgen: Other: Grant and honorarium, all paid to PDSA; Novartis: Other: PDSA received payment for recruiting patients to I-WISh and for promoting I-WISh on the globalitp.org website. Grant and consultancy fee, all paid to PDSA outside the submitted work; CSL Behring: Other: Grant paid to PDSA. Lambert:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Platelet Disorder Support Association (PDSA): Consultancy; ClinGen: Honoraria; Principia: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Argenix: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; ITP Australia: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Sysmex: Research Funding; Dova: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CdLS Foundation: Consultancy; RDMD ITP study: Consultancy; 22qSociety: Consultancy; Octapharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Educational Concepts in Medicine: Consultancy; Shionogi: Consultancy. Liebman:Janssen: Consultancy; Amgen: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Kezar: Research Funding; Argenix: Research Funding; Alexion: Other; Genzyme: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Rigel: Consultancy, Research Funding; Portola: Consultancy; Principia Biopharma: Consultancy. Lyons:Novartis: Honoraria; Texas Oncology/US Oncology: Current Employment. McCrae:Dova: Consultancy; Rigel: Consultancy; Momenta Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria. Pullarkat:Dova: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Servier: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Genetech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie, Inc.: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Wasser:Amgen: Consultancy; Biogen: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: He and his wife have equity ownership; Eli Lilly: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: He and his wife have equity ownership; Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: He and his wife have equity ownership, Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Merck: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: He and his wife have equity ownership, Research Funding. Beenhouwer:Dr. Beenhouwer reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other: Other: Dr. Beenhouwer reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other. Gibbs:Ms. Gibbs reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other from: Other: SN Gibbs is an employee of the Partnership for Health Analytic Research (PHAR), LLC, which was paid by Novartis to conduct this research.. Yermilov:Dr. Yermilov reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other f: Other: Dr. Yermilov reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other f. Broder:Dr. Broder reports other from Novartis during the conduct of the study; other from AbbVie, other from Akcea, other from ASPC, other from Amgen, other from AstraZeneca, other from BMS, other from Boston Scientific Corporation, other from Celgene, other fro: Other: MS Broder is an employee of the Partnership for Health Analytic Research (PHAR), LLC, which was paid by Novartis to conduct this research..
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Sakib, Nazmus, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Rumi Ahmed Khan, Paul M. Griffin, and Md Munirul Haque. "Unpacking Prevalence and Dichotomy in Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Parameters: Observational Data–Driven Approach Backed by Sepsis Pathophysiology." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): e18352. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18352.
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Background Considering morbidity, mortality, and annual treatment costs, the dramatic rise in the incidence of sepsis and septic shock among intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in US hospitals is an increasing concern. Recent changes in the sepsis definition (sepsis-3), based on the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), have motivated the international medical informatics research community to investigate score recalculation and information retrieval, and to study the intersection between sepsis-3 and the previous definition (sepsis-2) based on systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) parameters. Objective The objective of this study was three-fold. First, we aimed to unpack the most prevalent criterion for sepsis (for both sepsis-3 and sepsis-2 predictors). Second, we intended to determine the most prevalent sepsis scenario in the ICU among 4 possible scenarios for qSOFA and 11 possible scenarios for SIRS. Third, we investigated the multicollinearity or dichotomy among qSOFA and SIRS predictors. Methods This observational study was conducted according to the most recent update of Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III, Version 1.4), the critical care database developed by MIT. The qSOFA (sepsis-3) and SIRS (sepsis-2) parameters were analyzed for patients admitted to critical care units from 2001 to 2012 in Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA, USA) to determine the prevalence and underlying relation between these parameters among patients undergoing sepsis screening. We adopted a multiblind Delphi method to seek a rationale for decisions in several stages of the research design regarding handling missing data and outlier values, statistical imputations and biases, and generalizability of the study. Results Altered mental status in the Glasgow Coma Scale (59.28%, 38,854/65,545 observations) was the most prevalent sepsis-3 (qSOFA) criterion and the white blood cell count (53.12%, 17,163/32,311 observations) was the most prevalent sepsis-2 (SIRS) criterion confronted in the ICU. In addition, the two-factored sepsis criterion of high respiratory rate (≥22 breaths/minute) and altered mental status (28.19%, among four possible qSOFA scenarios besides no sepsis) was the most prevalent sepsis-3 (qSOFA) scenario, and the three-factored sepsis criterion of tachypnea, high heart rate, and high white blood cell count (12.32%, among 11 possible scenarios besides no sepsis) was the most prevalent sepsis-2 (SIRS) scenario in the ICU. Moreover, the absolute Pearson correlation coefficients were not significant, thereby nullifying the likelihood of any linear correlation among the critical parameters and assuring the lack of multicollinearity between the parameters. Although this further bolsters evidence for their dichotomy, the absence of multicollinearity cannot guarantee that two random variables are statistically independent. Conclusions Quantifying the prevalence of the qSOFA criteria of sepsis-3 in comparison with the SIRS criteria of sepsis-2, and understanding the underlying dichotomy among these parameters provides significant inferences for sepsis treatment initiatives in the ICU and informing hospital resource allocation. These data-driven results further offer design implications for multiparameter intelligent sepsis prediction in the ICU.
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Thangaratinam, Shakila, John Allotey, Nadine Marlin, Ben W. Mol, Peter Von Dadelszen, Wessel Ganzevoort, Joost Akkermans, et al. "Development and validation of Prediction models for Risks of complications in Early-onset Pre-eclampsia (PREP): a prospective cohort study." Health Technology Assessment 21, no. 18 (April 2017): 1–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta21180.
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BackgroundThe prognosis of early-onset pre-eclampsia (before 34 weeks’ gestation) is variable. Accurate prediction of complications is required to plan appropriate management in high-risk women.ObjectiveTo develop and validate prediction models for outcomes in early-onset pre-eclampsia.DesignProspective cohort for model development, with validation in two external data sets.SettingModel development: 53 obstetric units in the UK. Model transportability: PIERS (Pre-eclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk for mothers) and PETRA (Pre-Eclampsia TRial Amsterdam) studies.ParticipantsPregnant women with early-onset pre-eclampsia.Sample sizeNine hundred and forty-six women in the model development data set and 850 women (634 in PIERS, 216 in PETRA) in the transportability (external validation) data sets.PredictorsThe predictors were identified from systematic reviews of tests to predict complications in pre-eclampsia and were prioritised by Delphi survey.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the composite of adverse maternal outcomes established using Delphi surveys. The secondary outcome was the composite of fetal and neonatal complications.AnalysisWe developed two prediction models: a logistic regression model (PREP-L) to assess the overall risk of any maternal outcome until postnatal discharge and a survival analysis model (PREP-S) to obtain individual risk estimates at daily intervals from diagnosis until 34 weeks. Shrinkage was used to adjust for overoptimism of predictor effects. For internal validation (of the full models in the development data) and external validation (of the reduced models in the transportability data), we computed the ability of the models to discriminate between those with and without poor outcomes (c-statistic), and the agreement between predicted and observed risk (calibration slope).ResultsThe PREP-L model included maternal age, gestational age at diagnosis, medical history, systolic blood pressure, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, platelet count, serum urea concentration, oxygen saturation, baseline treatment with antihypertensive drugs and administration of magnesium sulphate. The PREP-S model additionally included exaggerated tendon reflexes and serum alanine aminotransaminase and creatinine concentration. Both models showed good discrimination for maternal complications, with anoptimism-adjustedc-statistic of 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80 to 0.84] for PREP-L and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.78) for the PREP-S model in the internal validation. External validation of the reduced PREP-L model showed good performance with ac-statistic of 0.81 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.85) in PIERS and 0.75 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.86) in PETRA cohorts for maternal complications, and calibrated well with slopes of 0.93 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.10) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.48 to 1.32), respectively. In the PIERS data set, the reduced PREP-S model had ac-statistic of 0.71 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.75) and a calibration slope of 0.67 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.79). Low gestational age at diagnosis, high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, increased serum urea concentration, treatment with antihypertensive drugs, magnesium sulphate, abnormal uterine artery Doppler scan findings and estimated fetal weight below the 10th centile were associated with fetal complications.ConclusionsThe PREP-L model provided individualised risk estimates in early-onset pre-eclampsia to plan management of high- or low-risk individuals. The PREP-S model has the potential to be used as a triage tool for risk assessment. The impacts of the model use on outcomes need further evaluation.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN40384046.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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Yadav, Satya Prakash, Nita Radhakrishnan, Veronique Dinand, Ishwar C. Verma, Meena Lall, and Anupam Sachdeva. "Cytogenetic Profile in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Impact On Survival: Single Centre Experience From India." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 4725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4725.4725.
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Abstract Abstract 4725 Introduction Biological subtypes of pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) have emerged as the most important prognostic factor for response to treatment. Since the genetic subtypes differ according to ethnic groups, it becomes important to consider this factor while comparing survival between different geographic areas. We describe the relative frequency of genetic subtypes and the effect on survival and duration of first remission in patients diagnosed with ALL from a single centre in India. Patients and Methods Bone marrow karyotyping and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) studies for BCR ABL and TEL AML1 were performed on 98 children diagnosed with ALL at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi between Jan 2005 and June 2009. During this period of 54 months, a total of 176 patients were diagnosed with ALL. Cytogenetic analysis could be done only in 98 patients. It could not be done in others due to monetary constraints. 27 did not have adequate metaphase for karyotyping. In those patients with normal karyotype but positive FISH for BCR ABL, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q PCR) was done. Those who were positive either by Q-PCR for BCR ABL or by karyotype for t (9; 22) were considered as Philadelphia (Ph) positive for treatment and survival analysis. The treatment protocol used was UK ALL XI for standard risk and BFM 95 for high risk ALL. Ph positive cases were managed with Imatinib mesylate along with chemotherapy. 16 patients were lost to follow up (LFU) and excluded from survival analysis. Results The median age of our study population was 4 years (0.5-18 years). Male: female ratio was 2:1. Most patients had Pre B CALLA positive ALL (n=90). There were 3 cases CALLA negative ALL, 3 of T cell ALL and 2 of biphenotypic leukemia. T cell ALL was 3% in the study population as compared to 10% in all children diagnosed at our centre. Among 71 cases in which karyotype was analyzed, 15 (21.1%) patients had hyperdiploidy, 5 (7 %) had t (9; 22) and 9 (12.7%) had structural abnormalities. TEL AML1 was detected by FISH in 6 (9.4%) out of 64 patients of Pre B ALL. FISH for BCR ABL was positive in 10 (14%) patients, 8 of which were negative for BCR ABL fusion by Q PCR and were considered as false positive. Thus true Ph positive cases were 7 (8.5%) out of 82 cases (5 karyotype, 2 Q PCR). With a median follow up duration of 22 months, the estimated overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) at 30 months were 70.5 ± 6.5% and 60 ± 7.4% respectively. The mean duration of first clinical remission (CR) was 19 ± 2 months. Hyperdiploidy was more common in girls (30.4%) compared to boys (14.6%, p=0.11). It was not significantly associated with any age group or WBC count at presentation. The EFS and OS were not found to be significantly different from the group without hyperdiploidy. The mean CR duration was 8.7 months, probably because 3 cases were diagnosed 2 months prior to the end of the study period. 2 patients with hyperdiploidy died in induction and one died following a road traffic accident. One child developed intestinal mucormycosis with perforation and hence suffered a break in treatment. This child had a CNS relapse 13 months later. TEL AML1 fusion was also more common in girls (18.2%) compared to boys (4.8%), (p=0.17). All positive cases were between 2-9 years of age and all had initial WBC count <50,000/mL. The mean CR duration was 15.1 months. The estimated OS and EFS, excluding case 1 LFU, was 100% at 30 months. Among the Philadelphia positive cases, there was no significance noted in age, sex or initial WBC counts. The mean CR duration was 19.9 months. There was no difference in OS or EFS noted in this group compared to patients with normal cytogenetics. 1 patient relapsed and refused further treatment. Another patient underwent matched sibling donor stem cell transplant in first CR but developed grade IV GVHD and died. Conclusions Earlier reports from India have suggested a larger prevalence of high risk factors like T cell disease and lesser prevalence of favorable factor like TEL AML1. T cell disease is under-represented in this report, as most of these patients could not afford these investigations. False positivity of bcr-abl on FISH study was frequent. We recommend confirmation by QPCR. The survival of Ph positive cases was not worse probably because of inclusion of Imatinib mesylate in the treatment regimen. Overall, good prognostic factors such as TEL AML1 and hyperdiploidy were less commonly seen in our population than in the West. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bartoszko, Justyna, Tony Panzerella, Anthea Lau, Naheed Alam, Aaron D. Schimmer, Matthew D. Seftel, Andre C. Schuh, Mohamed Shanavas, Karen W. L. Yee, and Vikas Gupta. "Comparison of the Impact of Two Different Definitions of Red-Cell Transfusion Dependence on the Natural History of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN)-Associated Myelofibrosis (MF)." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3180.3180.
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Abstract The current definitions of red-cell transfusion dependence (TD) for MPN-associated MF are based on expert opinion. The optimal definition of TD, and its impact on the natural history of MF is not well studied. We evaluated the impact of two definitions of red-cell TD on the natural history of 306 patients (pts.) with WHO/IWG-MRT-defined primary MF (PMF, n=202, 66%), post-polycythemia vera MF (PPV-MF, n=45, 15%) or post-essential thrombocythemia MF (PET-MF, n=59, 19%). Red-cell TD was defined according to IWG-MRT 2006 criteria (Tefferi et al, Blood, 2006), and on the results of the expert consensus RAND-Delphi panel (Gale et al, Leukemia Research, 2011). The IWG-MRT criteria require patients to have received ≥2 Units (U) packed red blood cells (PRBC) in the preceding 28 days for hemoglobin (Hb) <85 g/l. On the other hand, the more stringent Gale definition requires patients to receive ≥2 U of PRBC per month over 3 months without any specification for the Hb level. Patients were evaluated for disease risk stratification according to dynamic international prognostic scoring system (DIPSS), co-morbidities according to ACE-27, and red-cell TD at their first presentation to Princess Margaret Cancer Center or diagnosis. The study cohort was divided in 4 groups (gp.): Non-transfusion dependent (NTD) pts. with Hb ≥100 g/dl (gp1, n=156, 51%); patients with Hb <100 g/dl, but no transfusion in preceding 12 weeks (gp2, n=65, 21%); pts. qualifying IWG-MRT 2006 criteria of TD, but not qualifying Gale definition (gp3, n=41, 13%); and pts. qualifying the Gale definition of TD (gp4, n=44, 14%). There was no significant difference among the 4 groups with relation to age, disease distribution (primary vs. secondary), cytogenetics, blasts%, and ACE-27 co-morbidity scores. There was significant difference in the gp1, gp2, gp 3, and gp4 in relation to constitutional symptoms (35% vs. 45% vs. 46% vs.64%, p=0.006), median WBC count (x109/L) (11.5 vs. 8.3 vs. 6.8 vs. 6.5, p<0.0001), platelets (x109/l) (317 vs. 154 vs. 124 vs. 127, p<0.0001), and Int-2/high DIPSS (24% vs. 82% vs. 90% vs. 82%, p<0.0001). In a univariate analysis, probability of survival among the 4 groups at 3-years was 80%, 55%, 68%, 30%, respectively (Fig 1, p=0.0016). No difference in leukemic transformation was observed among the 4 groups (p=0.68). In a multivariate analysis, after adjusting for DIPSS and co-morbidity scores, hazard ratios among the gp2, gp3, and gp 4 were 1.58 (95% CI 0.78-3.19, p=0.21), 2.17 (95% CI 0.88-5.34, p=0.09), 2.82 (95% CI 1.29-6.16, p=0.009) in comparison to gp 1 (ref. group). There was no significant difference between NTD patients with Hb <100 vs. TD patients according to IWG-MRT 2006 criteria, but not meeting Gale Criteria (p=0.47). DIPSS was the only other independent prognostic factor for survival. Our study shows the independent prognostic impact of TD on survival defined according to Gale criteria, but not according to previous IWG-MRT 2006 definition, which does not meet Gale criteria. No impact of anemia or TD was observed on leukemic transformation. Fig 1: Survival in 4 groups according to Hb levels and transfusion needs Fig 1:. Survival in 4 groups according to Hb levels and transfusion needs Disclosures Schuh: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Damle, Devendra, and Karan Gulati. "Characterising Land and Property Related Litigation at the Delhi High Court." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3745655.
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Krishnan, Vinita, and Shabnam Shaikh. "Delhi High Court clarifies where IP rights are ‘situated’ for taxation purposes." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, December 29, 2016, jpw189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpw189.
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Menghaney, Leena. "Patent dispute: Delhi High Court gives a boost to access to affordable medicines." Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, no. 2 (April 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2010.033.
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Nargolkar, Adheesh, Shailendra Bhandare, and Vivek Ayyagari. "Delhi High Court applies first in the market test and recognizes PRIUS as a well-known trade mark." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, December 24, 2016, jpw188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpw188.
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