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Journal articles on the topic 'Delta13C'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Hobson, Keith A., and Don M. Schell. "Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope patterns in baleen from eastern Arctic bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 12 (December 1, 1998): 2601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-142.

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Previous measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) along the baleen plates of western Arctic bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) have provided a continuous lifetime record of the feeding or nutritional ecology of these animals that migrate annually between isotopically different foodwebs. However, virtually nothing was known about isotopic patterns of eastern Arctic bowheads. We measured delta13C and delta15N values along the baleen plates of three eastern and one western Arctic bowhead whales taken from Canadian waters in 1988 and 1996. In contrast to western Arctic animals, we found strong evidence for periodic fluctuations in delta15N but not delta13C values in the eastern Arctic specimens. We interpret these results as evidence that eastern Arctic animals do not move between foodwebs that differ in delta13C signature and suggest that these whales either (i) move annually between areas isotopically enriched in 15N but not 13C, (ii) shift diet annually by about one third of a trophic level, or (iii) undergo seasonal fasting that results in enrichment of baleen delta15N resulting from protein catabolism.

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2

Neilson, Roy, Linda L. Handley, David Robinson, Charlie M. Scrimgeour, and Derek J. F. Brown. "Natural abundances of 15N and 13C indicating physiological responses in Petunia hybrida to infection by longidorid nematodes and nepoviruses." Nematology 1, no. 3 (1999): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854199508180.

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Abstract The effects of a) systemic virus infection (arabis mosaic and tomato black ring nepoviruses), b) ectoparasitic nematode feeding (Xiphinema diversicaudatum and Longidorus elongatus) and c) a combination of virus infection and nematode feeding on the natural abundances of 13C(delta13C) and 15N(delta15N) of nitrogen-starved Petunia hybrida were studied. Pathogen-induced effects were not confined to sites of virus infection or nematode feeding. Those treatments with nematodes feeding on Petunia hosts and those with a combination of virus infection and nematode feeding resulted in a depletion of shoot and root 15N compared with controls. Virus-infected plants were more 15N-enriched than those fed upon by nematodes which, in turn, were more 15N-enriched than those with both nematode and virus in combination. Shoot delta13C values from infected treatments were not significantly different from controls. Although root delta13C was significantly different from controls in most treatments, absolute differences were small. Differences in delta15N between infected and control plants were probably caused by physiological responses to pathogen infection/feeding such as production of PR-proteins and/or release of nitric oxide. Le contenu naturel en 15N et 13C comme indicateur de la reaction de Petunia hybrida a l'infestation par les nematodes Longidorides et les nepovirus - La presente etude a porte sur l'influence i) d'une infection virale systemique (nepovirus de la mosaique Arabis et du cercle noir de la tomate), ii) d'une atteinte par des nematodes ectoparasites (Xiphinema diversicaudatum et Longidorus elongatus) et iii) d'une combinaison de deux types de pathogenes sur le contenu naturel en 13C(delta13C) et en 15N(delta15N) de Petunia hybrida deficients en azote. Les effets induits par ces organismes pathogenes ne sont pas limites aux sites de l'infection virale ou a ceux des attaques des nematodes. Compares aux temoins, les traitements comportant les seules attaques de nematodes et ceux comportant des attaques combinees des deux types de parasites provoquent une diminution du 15N des racines et des parties aeriennes. Les plants infectes par les virus avaient un taux en 15N plus eleve que ceux attaques par les nematodes, lesquels, en revanche, contenaient plus de 15N que les plants soumis simultanement aux deux types de parasites. Les taux de delta13C dans les parties aeriennes des plants soumis aux differentes attaques n'etaient pas significativement differents de ceux des temoins. Si, dans la plupart des traitements, les taux de delta13C dans les racines etaient significativement differents de ceux des temoins, ces differences restaient faibles en valeur absolue. Les differences dans les taux en delta15N entre plants infectes et temoins sont probablement la resultante de reactions physiologiques aux pathogenes, telles la production de proteines PR ou l'emission d'oxyde nitrique.

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3

SAURER, M., K. AELLEN, and R. SIEGWOLF. "Correlating delta13C and delta18O in cellulose of trees." Plant, Cell and Environment 20, no. 12 (December 1997): 1543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-53.x.

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4

Johnsen, Kurt H., Lawrence B. Flanagan, Dudley A. Huber, and John E. Major. "Genetic variation in growth, carbon isotope discrimination, and foliar N concentration in Picea mariana: analyses from a half-diallel mating design using field-grown trees." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 11 (December 1, 1999): 1727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-144.

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We performed genetic analyses of growth, carbon isotope discrimination (delta13C), and foliar N concentration using a half-diallel subset of a 7 × 7 complete diallel planted on three sites ranging in water availability. Trees were 22 years old. Heritabilities; general and specific combining abilities; as well as phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations were calculated using the best linear unbiased prediction and restricted maximum-likelihood methods. The four traits measured showed variable levels of genetic control. The calculated heritablilities for the traits were as follows: height, 0.39 ± 0.22 (estimate ± SD); diameter, 0.14 ± 0.10; delta13C value, 0.54 ± 0.26; and foliar N, 0.00. Phenotypic correlations were moderate (r = -0.35), genetic correlations were strong (r = -0.97), and environmental correlations were weak (r = -0.18) between height growth and delta13C. The strong negative genetic correlation between delta13C and growth supports earlier work with a subset of families indicating photosynthetic differences caused genetic variation in delta13C. Inbreeding greatly decreased growth while not impacting delta13C. High heritability, lack of inbreeding depression, and low environmental correlations indicate that a major proportion of delta13C genetic control may be relatively simple. Because delta13C is highly heritable, highly genetically correlated to growth, less environmentally sensitive than growth, and has the possibility of early selection, the trait is a good candidate trait for indirect selection for growth.

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5

Garcia, Alexandre M., David J. Hoeinghaus, João P. Vieira, Kirk O. Winemiller, David M. L. Motta Marques, and Marlise A. Bemvenuti. "Preliminary examination of food web structure of Nicola Lake (Taim Hydrological System, south Brazil) using dual C and N stable isotope analyses." Neotropical Ichthyology 4, no. 2 (June 2006): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252006000200014.

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Taim Ecological Reserve is located within the Taim Hydrological System and was created to protect a heterogeneous and productive landscape harboring exceptional biological diversity in southern Brazil. Using stable isotope ratio analyses of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N), we provide a preliminary description of the food web structure, including estimates of production sources supporting fish populations and vertical trophic structure, within a representative lake of this system. A total of 21 organisms (5 macrophytes, 3 mollusks and 13 adult fishes) representing 16 species were collected for isotope analysis. Fishes had delta13C values ranging from -24.30º/oo to -28.31º/oo , showing concordance with the range of values observed for macrophytes (-25.49 to -27.10º/oo), and suggesting that these plants could be a major carbon source supporting these fishes. delta13C signatures of Corbicula (-30.81º/oo) and Pomacea (-24.26º/oo) indirectly suggest that phytoplankton and benthic algae could be alternative carbon sources for some consumers. Nitrogen isotope ratios indicated approximately three consumer trophic levels. The pearl cichlid Geophagus brasiliensis was a primary consumer. Two catfishes (Trachelyopterus lucenai and Loricariichthys anus) were secondary consumers. Two congeneric pike cichclids (Crenicichla lepidota and C. punctata), a catfish (Pimelodus maculatus) and the characids Astyanax fasciatus and Oligosarcus robustus were tertiary consumers. Further studies including additional primary producers and consumers and greater sample numbers should be conducted to provide a more complete and detailed description of food web structure and dynamics within the reserve.

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6

Carelli, Maria Luiza Carvalho, Rachel Benetti Queiroz-Voltan, Joel Irineu Fahl, and Paulo César Ocheuze Trivelin. "Leaf anatomy and carbon isotope composition in Coffea species related to photosynthetic pathway." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 15, no. 1 (April 2003): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202003000100003.

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Possible presence of vascular bundle sheath cells and its relation to photosynthetic pathway, leaf anatomy and carbon isotope composition (delta13C) were examined in six species of genus Coffea: C. arabica (cvs. Catuaí Vermelho, Mundo Novo, Bourbon Vermelho and Icatu Amarelo), C. canephora (cvs. Apoatã and Guarini), C. liberica, C. dewevrei, C. salvatrix and C. stenophylla. In all genotypes, the vascular bundle was surrounded by a layer of cells with numerous chloroplasts in a centrifugal position. Visually no differences could be seen between the spongy parenchyma cells and the bundle sheath cells, neither in size nor in chloroplast number. The leaf delta13C values ranged between a maximum of - 26.2 ‰ in C. salvatrix and a minimum of -29.7 ‰ in C. liberica. A strong correlation (r = 0.972, p = 0.001) between delta13C and anatomical characteristics was observed in coffee species. C. salvatrix exhibited the highest delta13C values and the most compact mesophyll, with more palisade and spongy parenchyma cells in contact with the vascular bundle sheath.

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7

Guerra, Núbia C., Chang H. Kiang, and Alcides N. Sial. "Carbonate cements in contemporaneous beachrocks, Jaguaribe beach, Itamaracá island, northeastern Brazil: petrographic, geochemical and isotopic aspects." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 77, no. 2 (June 2005): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652005000200011.

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Holocene beachrocks of the Jaguaribe beach, State of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, consist of horizontal, cemented layers approximately 40 cm thick. The cement shows three textural varieties: (a) calciferous, surrounding siliciclastic grains, (b) micritic, with an acicular fringe; and (c) cryptocrystalline calcite in pores. Early cementation took place at the water table below beach ridges, where geochemical, hydrodynamic and, perhaps, also microbiological conditions favored rapid precipitation of aragonite and/or high-Mg calcite. delta13C values range from -1.8 to +1.5‰ for dissolved carbonate in interstitial water and from +0.2 to +2.1‰ for bioclastic components. delta18O values range from -2.8 to +0.5‰ for seawater, freshwater and interstitial water. delta13C values and diagenetic features suggest that cementation occurred in meteoric-vadose and/or marine-phreatic water by loss of CO2 during evaporation of the interstitial water. Locally, superimposed low-Mg calcite cements point to subsequent freshwater influence. Total-rock cement composition of vertically stacked beachrock beds at the Jaguaribe beach shows that the highest beachrock bed is older than the one (of same petrographic composition) situated at the current groundwater level. This implies a downward progression of cementation, which probably followed the sea-level fall after a local high stand.

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8

Riccomini, Claudio, Afonso C. R. Nogueira, and Alcides N. Sial. "Carbon and oxygen isotope geochemistry of Ediacaran outer platform carbonates, Paraguay Belt, central Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 79, no. 3 (September 2007): 519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652007000300012.

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After the late Cryogenian glaciation the central region of Brazil was the site of extensive deposition of platformal carbonates of the Araras Group. This group includes a basal cap carbonate sequence succeeded by transgressive, deep platform deposits of bituminous lime mudstone and shale. Facies and stratigraphic data combined with carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses of the most complete section of the transgressive deposits, exposed in the Guia syncline, were used to evaluate the depositional paleoenvironment and to test the correlation of these deposits along the belt and with other units worldwide. The studied succession consists of 150 m thick tabular beds of black to grey lime mudstone and shale with predominantly negative delta13C PDB values around -2.5 to -1‰ . The delta13C PDB profile of Guia syncline shows a clear correlation with the upper portion of Guia Formation in the Cáceres region, about 200 km to the southwest. The delta13C PDB profile of the Araras Group is comparable with delta13C PDB profiles of Ediacaran units of the southern Paraguay Belt, western Canada, and the Congo and Kalahari cratons. Moreover, facies distribution, stratigraphy and the carbon isotopic profile of the Araras Group match the middle Tsumeb Subgroup in Namibia, which reinforces the Ediacaran age assigned to the Araras Group.

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9

Marguillier, S., G. van der Velde, F. Dehairs, MA Hemminga, and S. Rajagopal. "Trophic relationships in an interlinked mangrove-seagrass ecosystem as traced by delta13C and delta15N." Marine Ecology Progress Series 151 (1997): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps151115.

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10

VUORIO, KRISTIINA, MARKUS MEILI, and JOUKO SARVALA. "Taxon-specific variation in the stable isotopic signatures (delta13C and delta15N) of lake phytoplankton." Freshwater Biology 51, no. 5 (May 2006): 807–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01529.x.

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11

Manetta, G. I., E. Benedito-Cecilio, and M. Martinelli. "Carbon sources and trophic position of the main species of fishes of Baía River, Paraná River floodplain, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 63, no. 2 (May 2003): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842003000200013.

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In order to verify the carbon source and trophic position of the main species of fishes, of the Paraná River floodplain, we analysed the proportion of stable carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) isotopes in muscle of fishes sampled in the rainy season. We analyzed adult individuals of Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris, Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus, Leporinus friderici, and Serrasalmus marginatus. These data were compared with the results obtained by the analyzing stomach contents. The primary producers found in the Baía River were the C3 plants (riparian vegetation, macrophytes, periphyton, and phytoplankton) and the C4 plants (macrophytes). The results of the contribution analysis revealed that the carbon used by the species was derived from C3 plants. According to the trophic position estimates (diet and delta15N), the species primarily consumed Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris, and Leporinus friderici and, secondarily Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus, and Serrasalmus marginatus. There was no significant difference between the two methods utilized.

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12

Kibirige, I. "Alternative food sources of zooplankton in a temporarily-open estuary: evidence from delta13C and delta15N." Journal of Plankton Research 24, no. 10 (October 1, 2002): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.10.1089.

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13

Susfalk, R. B., W. X. Cheng, D. W. Johnson, R. F. Walker, P. Verburg, and S. Fu. "Lateral diffusion and atmospheric CO2 mixing compromise estimates of rhizosphere respiration in a forest soil." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 1005–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-028.

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Measurements of rhizosphere carbon efflux are critical to the determination of soil carbon balance by CO2 flux measurements. We attempted to measure rhizosphere respiration in a forest ecosystem by transplanting 13C-enriched soils from a tallgrass prairie into a mixed-conifer forest soil but found that atmospheric air mixing and lateral diffusion confounded delta13C-CO2 measurements. Surface CO2 efflux (delta13C [Formula: see text] 20) was enriched 6 relative to soil CO2 measured at depth because of the presence of atmospheric-derived CO2 (8) near the soil surface. The delta13C-CO2 value of transplanted soil CO2 did not reflect its 13C-enriched carbon source but was within 1 of native soil CO2 because of lateral diffusion from the surrounding native soil. A two-component steady-state model of lateral diffusion supported our assertion that this soil was susceptible to atmospheric air mixing and lateral diffusion because of its high effective porosity and relatively low concentration of soil CO2. Percent rhizosphere respiration was estimated at 35 and 45% after applying corrections for atmospheric air mixing and (or) lateral diffusion. These confounding effects may be reduced or eliminated by utilizing a larger transplanted soil pit and by reducing soil CO2 diffusivity, for example, by increasing water content.

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14

Marques, Wanessa S., Eldemar de A. Menor, Alcides N. Sial, Valdir A. V. Manso, and Satander S. Freire. "Oceanographic parameters in continental margin of the State of Ceará (northeastern Brazil) deduced from C and O isotopes in foraminifers." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 79, no. 1 (March 2007): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652007000100015.

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Specimens of Recent foraminifera of Amphistegina radiata, Peneroplis planatus and Globigerinoides ruber, from fifty samples of surface sediments of the continental margin of the State of Ceará, Brazil, have been analyzed for carbon and oxygen isotopes to investigate oceanographic parameters and determine the values of delta18O of the oceanic water. From a comparison between values of delta18O obtained for ocean water using the linear equations by (Craig and Gordon 1965) and the one by Wolff et al. (1998), it became evident that the former yielded a more reliable value (0.2‰ SMOW) than the latter. Lower values of delta18O for the ocean water in this continental margin resulted from continental water influence. Values of 18O (-0.3‰ to -1.5‰ PDB for benthic foraminifera and -0.6‰ to -2.4‰ PDB for planktic foraminifera), attest to a variation of temperatures of oceanic water masses, in average, between 20 to 22ºC in deep water and 24 to 27ºC, in surface water. Values of delta13C from +3.2‰ to -0.2‰ PDB (benthic foraminifera) reflect a variation in the apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) in the continental margin and indicate that the environments of bacteriological decomposition of organic matter are not continuous along the investigated area.

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15

LEAVITT, STEVEN W., and ANTONIO LARA. "South American tree rings show declining delta13C trend." Tellus B 46, no. 2 (April 1994): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.1994.t01-1-00007.x.

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16

Juillet-Leclerc, A., JP Gattuso, LF Montaggioni, and M. Pichon. "Seasonal variation of primary productivity and skeletal delta13C and delta18O in the zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Acropora formosa." Marine Ecology Progress Series 157 (1997): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps157109.

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17

Pereira, Alexandre L., Evanilde Benedito, and Cássia M. Sakuragui. "Spatial variation in the stable isotopes of 13C and 15N and trophic position of Leporinus friderici (Characiformes, Anostomidae) in Corumbá Reservoir, Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 79, no. 1 (March 2007): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652007000100006.

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Stable isotopes of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) were used to describe sources of energy and trophic position for adult Leporinus friderici in the area of the Corumbá Reservoir, Brazil. Samples were collected from April 1999 to March 2000. Spatial variations were not identified in the isotopic composition. The maximum and minimum contribution of C4 plants calculated integrating the variation of plants and fish were 47.7% and 2.4%, respectively. Among C3 plants, periphyton presented closer isotopic values to those observed for fishes, corresponding to an important carbon source. The proportion of ingested plant item is larger in rivers upstream from the reservoir (42.7%), which justifies the smaller trophic level among there. However, in the reservoir, the ingestion of fish was 81.4%, while ingested plants contributed with 18.6%. Downstream from the dam, participation of plant item was even smaller (14.4%). Although the trophic position calculated with diet data was proportional to the one calculated with delta15N values, the former elevated the trophic level of L. friderici in the food web, because estimated trophic positions were based on fish items belonging to the 2nd (a) and to the 3rd (b) trophic levels.

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18

Nardoto, Gabriela Bielefeld, Patricia Barboza de Godoy, Epaminondas Sansigolo de Barros Ferraz, Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto, and Luiz Antonio Martinelli. "Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionation between diet and swine tissues." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 6 (December 2006): 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000600012.

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Naturally occurring stable isotope ratios can be a powerful tool in studies of animal nutrition, provided that the assumptions required for dietary reconstruction are validated by studies such as the one presented here. The objective of this study was to document the magnitude of isotopic fractionation between swine diet and their different tissues. For this, the isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen of the diet and selected tissues (hair, nail, liver, muscle, fat and cartilage) were determined. The delta13C and delta15N of the diet were -15.9‰ and 1.3‰, respectively, and all delta15N of swine tissues were 2.2 to 3.0‰ enriched in 15N in relation to the diet. Little variation in delta15N occurred among tissues, with exception to liver that was less enriched in 15N than the nail. Nail and hair presented no 13C enrichment relative to diet. Cartilage was ~1.0‰ enriched in 13C as compared to diet. Liver and muscle were on average 2.1‰ more depleted in 13C in relation to diet as well as fat tissues. Some of the C and N isotope ratios of swine tissues differed in organs, but the isotopic fractionation trends among tissues appears to be similar to other mammals. Therefore our data provide a good baseline to interpret stable isotope patterns in domestic mammals (such as swine) in controlled or semi-controlled experiments.

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19

Takahashi, Hiroshi A., Eiichi Konohira, Tetsuya Hiyama, Masayo Minami, Toshio Nakamura, and Naohiro Yoshida. "Diurnal variation of CO2 concentration, Delta14C and delta13C in an urban forest: estimate of the anthropogenic and biogenic CO2 contributions." Tellus B 54, no. 2 (April 2002): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.2002.00231.x.

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20

Welker, Jeffrey M., Shelly Rayback, and Greg H. R. Henry. "Arctic and North Atlantic Oscillation phase changes are recorded in the isotopes (delta18O and delta13C) of Cassiope tetragona plants." Global Change Biology 11, no. 7 (July 2005): 997–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00961.x.

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21

Silva, Juan C., Alcides N. Sial, Valderez P. Ferreira, and Márcio M. Pimentel. "C- and Sr-isotope stratigraphy of the São Caetano complex, Northeastern Brazil: a contribution to the study of the Meso-Neoproterozoic seawater geochemistry." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 77, no. 1 (March 2005): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652005000100011.

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C-isotope and 87Sr/86Sr values for five carbonate successions from the São Caetano Complex, northeastern Brazil, were used to constrain their depositional age and to determine large variations in the C- and Sr-isotopic composition of seawater under the framework of global tectonic events. Three C-isotope stages were identified from base to top in a composed chemostratigraphic section: (1) stage in which delta13C values vary from +2 to +3.7‰ PDB and average 3‰ PDB, (2) stage with delta13C values displaying stronger oscillations (from -2‰ to +‰ PDB), and (3) stage with an isotopic plateau with values around +3.7‰ PDB. Constant 87Sr/86Sr values (~ 0.70600) characterize C-isotope stage 1, whereas slightly fluctuating values (from 0.70600 to 0.70700) characterize C-isotope stage 2. Finally, 87Sr/86Sr values averaging 0.70600 characterize C-isotope stage 3. The C- and Sr- chemostratigraphic pathways permit to state: (a) the C- and Sr-isotope secular curves registered primary fluctuations of the isotope composition of seawater during late Mesoproterozoic- early Neoproterozoic transition in the Borborema Province, and (b) onset of the Cariris Velhos/Greenville cycle, widespread oceanic rifting, continental magmatic arc formation and onset of the agglutination of Rodinia supercontinent, mostly controlled the C- and Sr-isotope composition of seawater during the C-isotope stages 1, 2 and 3.

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22

Vidotto, Elaine, Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda, Adauto de Souza Ribeiro, Hermes Augusto de Freitas, and José Albertino Bendassolli. "Dinâmica do ecótono floresta-campo no sul do estado do Amazonas no Holoceno, através de estudos isotópicos e fitossociológicos." Acta Amazonica 37, no. 3 (2007): 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672007000300010.

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Com o emprego dos isótopos do carbono (12C, 13C, 14C) da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) e das plantas, é apresentado um estudo comparativo entre perfis orgânicos de solos formados em depressões de áreas cobertas por ecossistemas de campos e florestas ao sul do estado do Amazonas, visando o entendimento da dinâmica da paleovegetação. A dinâmica da vegetação atual na região foi avaliada utilizando-se estudos fitossociológicos e caracterizações botânica e isotópica (delta13C) das espécies de plantas presentes em duas bordas floresta-campo. Teores de carbono orgânico total foram superiores nas camadas superficiais no campo, quando comparados com a floresta. Dados de delta13C associados à cronologia do 14C indicaram predomínio de plantas C3 no início do Holoceno em ambos os ecótonos. Entre aproximadamente 7.000-3.000 anos AP verificou-se a influência crescente de plantas C4, indicando regressão da floresta com possível presença de um clima mais seco. A partir de aproximadamente 3.000 anos AP os dados sugeriram expansão da floresta provavelmente relacionada ao retorno a um clima mais úmido. A presença de algumas espécies características da borda, como a Sclerolobium paniculatum e Himatanthus sucuuba, nos campos, sugere o atual avanço da floresta sobre os mesmos. Estas espécies estariam sendo as bioindicadoras desse avanço.

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23

Thompson, DR, RW Furness, and SA Lewis. "Diets and long-term changes in delta15N and delta13C values in northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis from two northeast Atlantic colonies." Marine Ecology Progress Series 125 (1995): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps125003.

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24

Hobson, KA, WG Ambrose, and P. Renaud. "Sources of primary production, benthic-pelagic coupling, and trophic relationships within the Northeast Water Polynya:insights from delta13C and delta15N analysis." Marine Ecology Progress Series 128 (1995): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps128001.

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25

France, RL, PA del Giorgio, and KA Westcott. "Productivity and heterotrophy influences on zooplankton delta13C in northern temperate lakes." Aquatic Microbial Ecology 12 (1997): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame012085.

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FRANCEY, R. J., C. E. ALLISON, D. M. ETHERIDGE, C. M. TRUDINGER, I. G. ENTING, M. LEUENBERGER, R. L. LANGENFELDS, E. MICHEL, and L. P. STEELE. "A 1000-year high precision record of delta13C in atmospheric CO2." Tellus B 51, no. 2 (April 1999): 170–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.1999.t01-1-00005.x.

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Landmeyer, James E., and Peter A. Stone. "Radiocarbon and delta13C Values Related to Ground-Water Recharge and Mixing." Ground Water 33, no. 2 (March 1995): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00277.x.

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Hemming, Deborah, Dan Yakir, Per Ambus, Mika Aurela, Cathy Besson, Kevin Black, Nina Buchmann, et al. "Pan-European delta13C values of air and organic matter from forest ecosystems." Global Change Biology 11, no. 7 (July 2005): 1065–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00971.x.

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Boyle, E. A. "Cadmium and delta13C Paleochemical Ocean Distributions During the Stage 2 Glacial Maximum." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 20, no. 1 (May 1992): 245–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.20.050192.001333.

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France, RL, and JG Holmquist. "Delta13C variability of macroalgae:effects of water motion via baffling by seagrasses and mangroves." Marine Ecology Progress Series 149 (1997): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps149305.

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RAYNER, P. J., I. G. ENTING, R. J. FRANCEY, and R. LANGENFELDS. "Reconstructing the recent carbon cycle from atmospheric CO2, delta13C and O2/N2 observations*." Tellus B 51, no. 2 (April 1999): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.1999.t01-1-00008.x.

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PRATER, JAMES L., BEHZAD MORTAZAVI, and JEFFREY P. CHANTON. "Diurnal variation of the delta13C of pine needle respired CO2 evolved in darkness." Plant, Cell and Environment 29, no. 2 (February 2006): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01413.x.

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Turney, Chris S. M., John E. Hunt, and Colin Burrows. "Deriving a consistent delta13C signature from tree canopy leaf material for palaeoclimatic reconstruction." New Phytologist 155, no. 2 (August 2002): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00453.x.

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Wilkinson, Michael J., Youlim Yai, and Diane M. O’Brien. "Age-related variation in red blood cell stable isotope ratios (delta13C and delta15N) from two Yupik villages in southwest Alaska: a pilot study." International Journal of Circumpolar Health 66, no. 1 (February 2007): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v66i1.18222.

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Fourqurean, JW, TO Moore, B. Fry, and JT Hollibaugh. "Spatial and temporal variation in C:N:P ratios, delta15N, and delta13C of eelgrass Zostera marina as indicators of ecosystem processes, Tomales Bay, California, USA." Marine Ecology Progress Series 157 (1997): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps157147.

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Sial, Alcides N., Valderez P. Ferreira, Alejandro J. Toselli, Florencio G. Aceñolaza, Ricardo Alonso, and Miguel A. Parada. "delta13C fluctuations in precambrian to cambrian carbonate sequences in NE Brazil and NW Argentina." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 72, no. 4 (December 2000): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652000000400022.

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Magnusson, W. E., T. M. Sanaiotti, A. P. Lima, L. A. Martinelli, R. L. Victoria, M. C. de Araujo, and A. L. Albernaz. "A comparison of delta13C ratios of surface soils in savannas and forests in Amazonia." Journal of Biogeography 29, no. 7 (July 2002): 857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00674.x.

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Guy, R. D., and D. M. Reid. "Photosynthesis and the influence of CO2 -enrichment on delta13C values in a C3 halophyte." Plant, Cell and Environment 9, no. 1 (January 1986): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11614337.

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LI, Hai-Tao, Jun XIA, Le XIANG, Tao LIANG, and Qi-Jing LIU. "Seasonal Variation of delta13C of Four Tree Species: A Biological Integrator of Environmental Variables." Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 47, no. 12 (December 2005): 1459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2005.00184.x.

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GUY, R. D., and D. M. REID. "Photosynthesis and the influence of CO2-enrichment on delta13C values in a C3 halophyte." Plant, Cell and Environment 9, no. 1 (January 1986): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1986.tb01724.x.

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MATTHEWS, BLAKE, and ASIT MAZUMDER. "Temporal variation in body composition (C : N) helps explain seasonal patterns of zooplankton delta13C." Freshwater Biology 50, no. 3 (March 2005): 502–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01336.x.

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HANDLEY, L. L., M. J. DAFT, J. WILSON, C. M. SCRIMGEOUR, K. INGLEBY, and M. A. SATTAR. "Effects of the ecto- and VA-mycorrhizal fungi Hydnagium carneum and Glomus clarum on the delta15N and delta13C values of Eucalyptus globulus and Ricinus communis." Plant, Cell and Environment 16, no. 4 (May 1993): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00883.x.

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LEUENBERGER, M. C., M. EYER, P. NYFELER, B. STAUFFER, and T. F. STOCKER. "High-resolution delta13C measurements on ancient air extracted from less than 10 cm3 of ice." Tellus B 55, no. 2 (April 2003): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.01463.x.

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Yoneyama, T. "Weather and nodule mediated variations in delta13C and delta15N values in field-grown soybean (Glycine max L.) with special interest in the analyses of xylem fluids." Journal of Experimental Botany 51, no. 344 (March 1, 2000): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/51.344.559.

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PENUELAS, J., and J. AZCON-BIETO. "Changes in leaf Delta13C of herbarium plant species during the last 3 centuries of CO2 increase." Plant, Cell and Environment 15, no. 4 (May 1992): 485–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01000.x.

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ISRAELI, Y., A. SCHWARTZ, Z. PLAUT, and D. YAKIR. "Effects of light regime on delta13C, photosynthesis and yield of field-grown banana (Musa sp., Musaceae)*." Plant, Cell and Environment 19, no. 2 (February 1996): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00244.x.

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CHANG, YOUNG-WOON, SUN-KEE MIN, KYUNG-JIN KIM, YO-SEOB HAN, JOO-HEE LEE, SEOK-HO DONG, HYO-JONG KIM, BYUNG-HO KIM, JOUNG-IL LEE, and RIN CHANG. "Delta13C-urea breath test value is a useful indicator forHelicobacter pylorieradication in patients with functional dyspepsia." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 18, no. 6 (June 2003): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03049.x.

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BEERLING, D. J. "Predicting leaf gas exchange and delta13C responses to the past 30000 years of global environmental change." New Phytologist 128, no. 3 (November 1994): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb02988.x.

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Caldeira, Maria C., Ronald J. Ryel, John H. Lawton, and Joao S. Pereira. "Mechanisms of positive biodiversity-production relationships: insights provided by delta13C analysis in experimental Mediterranean grassland plots." Ecology Letters 4, no. 5 (September 2001): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00238.x.

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Lai, C. T., J. R. Ehleringer, A. J. Schauer, P. P. Tans, D. Y. Hollinger, K. T. Paw U, J. W. Munger, and S. C. Wofsy. "Canopy-scale delta13C of photosynthetic and respiratory CO2 fluxes: observations in forest biomes across the United States." Global Change Biology 11, no. 4 (April 2005): 633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00931.x.

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