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Journal articles on the topic 'DEM of Difference'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Bhardwaj, Ashutosh, Kamal Jain, and Rajat Subhra Chatterjee. "Refining IKONOS DEM for Dehradun Region Using Photogrammetry Based DEM Editing Methods, Orthoimage Generation and Quality Assessment of Cartosat-1 DEM." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 5, no. 1 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecg2020-06966.

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The correct representation of the topography of terrain is an important requirement to generate photogrammetric products such as orthoimages and maps from high-resolution (HR) or very high-resolution (VHR) satellite datasets. The refining of the digital elevation model (DEM) for the generation of an orthoimage is a vital step with a direct effect on the final accuracy achieved in the orthoimages. The refined DEM has potential applications in various domains of earth sciences such as geomorphological analysis, flood inundation mapping, hydrological analysis, large-scale mapping in an urban envi

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Frankenberg, Elizabeth, and Duncan Thomas. "Women's Health and Pregnancy Outcomes: Do Services Make a Difference?" Demography 38, no. 2 (2001): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0014.

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Zhou, Zhu Bo, Hong Zhang Ma, Xiao Bo Zhu, and Lin Sun. "Comparative Analysis of Forest Height Retrieval Methods by Polarimetric SAR Interferometry." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4686.

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The objective of this paper is to compare and analyze the forest height retrieval methods from Polarimetric SAR Interferometry(POLINSAR).Both of the methods based on DEM difference and that on interferometry coherence amplitude are generalized, analyzed, and compared.Also in this paper combined methods of DEM difference and interferometry coherence amplitude are proposed and validated.The ESA fullpolarimetric interferometry L-band data are used for forest height analysis.The results show that the height is severely underestimated using DEM difference method,In constast,interferometry coherence

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Fu, C. Y., and J. R. Tsay. "STATISTIC TESTS AIDED MULTI-SOURCE DEM FUSION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-227-2016.

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Since the land surface has been changing naturally or manually, DEMs have to be updated continually to satisfy applications using the latest DEM at present. However, the cost of wide-area DEM production is too high. DEMs, which cover the same area but have different quality, grid sizes, generation time or production methods, are called as multi-source DEMs. It provides a solution to fuse multi-source DEMs for low cost DEM updating. The coverage of DEM has to be classified according to slope and visibility in advance, because the precisions of DEM grid points in different areas with different s

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Fu, C. Y., and J. R. Tsay. "STATISTIC TESTS AIDED MULTI-SOURCE DEM FUSION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-227-2016.

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Since the land surface has been changing naturally or manually, DEMs have to be updated continually to satisfy applications using the latest DEM at present. However, the cost of wide-area DEM production is too high. DEMs, which cover the same area but have different quality, grid sizes, generation time or production methods, are called as multi-source DEMs. It provides a solution to fuse multi-source DEMs for low cost DEM updating. The coverage of DEM has to be classified according to slope and visibility in advance, because the precisions of DEM grid points in different areas with different s

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Dai, Hongna, Jingwen Wang, Haixia Feng, Vladimir Zyryanov, Zhongke Feng, and Jipeng Cui. "Analysis of influencing factors and scales of agglomerate fog on expressways." PLOS One 20, no. 6 (2025): e0324010. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324010.

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To enhance the monitoring accuracy of agglomerate fog on expressways, this paper takes the frequently occurring agglomerate fog data on Shandong’s expressways as an example. Based on the analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of agglomerate fog, from the spatial perspective, it employs Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multi-scale Geographic Weighted Regression (MGWR) models to analyze the influence and scale of factors including Digital Elevation Model (DEM), DEM difference, water system density, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperatu

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Bernhard, Stefan, and Sarah Bernhard. "Do EU Anti-discrimination Provisions Make a Difference?" Zeitschrift für Soziologie 45, no. 1 (2016): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2015-1003.

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Zusammenfassung: Das Diskriminierungsverbot ist zwar ein wichtiger Grundsatz in der Europäischen Union (EU), über seine Auswirkungen innerhalb der Mitgliedsstaaten ist bisher allerdings wenig bekannt. Wir gehen davon aus, dass das Diskriminierungsverbot das Ausmaß von Lohndiskriminierung gegen EU-Ausländer auf den nationalen Arbeitsmärkten in der EU verringert. Diese Vermutung wird mit administrativen Prozessdaten überprüft, indem die Veränderungen von Lohnunterschieden zwischen vollzeitbeschäftigten deutschen und ausländischen Männern auf dem westdeutschen Arbeitsmarkt mit Juhn-Murphy-Pierce-

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London, Andrew S., and Cheryl Elman. "The Influence of Remarriage on the Racial Difference in Mother-Only Families in 1910." Demography 38, no. 2 (2001): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0017.

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Borlaf-Mena, Ignacio, Maurizio Santoro, Ludovic Villard, Ovidiu Badea, and Mihai Andrei Tanase. "Investigating the Impact of Digital Elevation Models on Sentinel-1 Backscatter and Coherence Observations." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18 (2020): 3016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183016.

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Spaceborne remote sensing can track ecosystems changes thanks to continuous and systematic coverage at short revisit intervals. Active remote sensing from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors allows day and night imaging as they are not affected by cloud cover and solar illumination and can capture unique information about its targets. However, SAR observations are affected by the coupled effect of viewing geometry and terrain topography. The study aims to assess the impact of global digital elevation models (DEMs) on the normalization of Sentinel-1 backscattered intensity and interferometri

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10

Liu, Zhiheng, Ling Han, Zhaohui Yang, et al. "Evaluating the Vertical Accuracy of DEM Generated from ZiYuan-3 Stereo Images in Understanding the Tectonic Morphology of the Qianhe Basin, China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (2021): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061203.

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Currently available high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) is not particularly useful to geologists for understanding the long-term changes in fluvial landforms induced by tectonic uplift, although DEMs that are generated from satellite stereo images such as the ZiYuan-3 (ZY3) satellite include characteristics with significant coverage and rapid acquisition. Since an ongoing analysis of fluvial systems is lacking, the ZY3 DEM was generated from block adjustment to describe the mountainous area of the Qianhe Basin that have been induced by tectonic uplift. Moreover, we evaluated the over

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Argys, Laura M., and Susan L. Averett. "The effect of family size on education: new evidence from China's one-child policy." Journal of Demographic Economics 85, no. 1 (2019): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2018.22.

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AbstractEconomists theorize that the inverse relationship between income and family size reflects a trade-off between child quality and quantity. Testing this hypothesis requires addressing the simultaneity of the quality and quantity decisions. The unanticipated birth of twins and sex composition of the first two children have been used as the exogenous variation in family size with mixed results. We exploit the One-Child Policy (OCP) in China, which exogenously reduced fertility, and examine how the OCP affected the education of Chinese migrants to the USA. Using the American Community Surve

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Khasanov, Khojiakbar, and Azamat Ahmedov. "Comparison of Digital Elevation Models for the designing water reservoirs: a case study Pskom water reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 03058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126403058.

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This study investigates the accuracy of various DEMs (SRTM DEM, ASTER GDEM, and ALOS PALSAR DEM) for the area of the designing Pskom water reservoir (recommended to construction in Pskom River, in Tashkent region. DEMs are compared for the study area using the Global Mapper application and selection Ground Control Points (GCP). The RMSE we calculate is the most easily interpreted statistic as the square root of the mean square error because it has the same units as the quantity drawn on the vertical axis. Results show that SRTM based measurements of ground control points (GCPs) exhibit RMSE of

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Ghuffar, Sajid. "DEM Generation from Multi Satellite PlanetScope Imagery." Remote Sensing 10, no. 9 (2018): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10091462.

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Planet Labs have recently launched a large constellation of small satellites (3U cubesats) capable of imaging the whole Earth landmass everyday. These small satellites capture multiple images of an area on consecutive days or sometimes on the same day with a spatial resolution of 3–4 m. Planet Labs endeavors to operate the constellation in a nadir pointing mode, however, the view angle of these satellites currently varies within a few degrees from the nadir leading to varying B/H ratio for overlapping image pairs. Due to relatively small scene footprint and small off-nadir angle, the baseline

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Geng, Tong, Shengkai Zhang, Feng Xiao, et al. "DEM Generation with ICESat-2 Altimetry Data for the Three Antarctic Ice Shelves: Ross, Filchner–Ronne and Amery." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (2021): 5137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245137.

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The ice shelf is an important component of the Antarctic system, and the interaction between the ice sheet and the ocean often proceeds through mass variations of the ice shelf. The digital elevation model (DEM) of the ice shelf is particularly important for ice shelf elevation change and mass balance estimation. With the development of satellite altimetry technology, it became an important data source for DEM research of Antarctica. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) launched in 2018 is a significant improvement in al

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Chidi, Chhabi Lal, Wei Zhao, Suresh Chaudhary, Donghong Xiong, and Yanhong Wu. "Sensitivity Assessment of Spatial Resolution Difference in DEM for Soil Erosion Estimation Based on UAV Observations: An Experiment on Agriculture Terraces in the Middle Hill of Nepal." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 1 (2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10010028.

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Soil erosion in the agricultural area of a hill slope is a fundamental issue for crop productivity and environmental sustainability. Building terrace is a very popular way to control soil erosion, and accurate assessment of the soil erosion rate is important for sustainable agriculture and environmental management. Currently, many soil erosion estimations are mainly based on the freely available medium or coarse resolution digital elevation model (DEM) data that neglect micro topographic modification of the agriculture terraces. The development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology enabl

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16

Zhou, Zai Hui, Jing Ma, and Wu Di Xu. "Establishes the Precise Three-Dimensional Terrain Method Study Based on Anudem." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1142.

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Take a typical region in the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province zone as the study area.Based on relief map with a scale of 1:1000 to generate accurate 3D terrain DEM using Anudem algorithm. Compared with the production of Anudem method TIN method and Kriging method between DEM. DEM accuracy evaluation including value target, profile and slope and terrain attribute visualization, contour line playbacking and different differential value algorithm result variance analysis. The DEM difference that the result demonstrates that the different algorithm obtains is big, and DEM precision of Anude

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Bean, Frank D., Rodolfo Corona V., Rodolfo Tuiran, Karen A. Woodrow-Lafield, and Jennifer V. W. Van Hook. "Circular, Invisible, and Ambiguous Migrants: Components of Difference in Estimates of the Number of Unauthorized Mexican Migrants in the United States." Demography 38, no. 3 (2001): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0023.

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18

Amaechi, Bennett Tochukwu, Kannan Kanthaiah, Rayane Farah, et al. "Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Dentifrice Tablet to Prevent Dental Caries: A Microbial Study." Dentistry Journal 13, no. 5 (2025): 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13050201.

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Background/Objectives: Dentifrice tablets are a new over-the-counter dentifrice form that are gaining global interest. The aim of this microbial study was to investigate the effectiveness of a dentifrice tablet (DT) containing nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) to prevent tooth demineralization. Methods: 120 bovine tooth blocks were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (30/group): Nanohydroxyapatite DT (5% nHAP), placebo DT (Placebo), NaF toothpaste (1100 ppm Fluoride) and no-treatment (Control). Blocks were subjected to 7-day demineralization by plaque growth in a mixed-organism Microbial Caries

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19

Aminu, Abdulwahab, Baiya Babangida, I. Abalis Gundiri, and Ali Garba Bello. "Comparative Analysis between DEM from Topographic, Aster GDEM and SRTM DEM." International Journal of Geology and Earth Sciences 2, no. 2 (2016): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1533152.

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The difference between the DEM generated from Topographical map, ASTER DEM 1.5 arc second and SRTM DEM 3 arc second has been determine. As the ASTER GDEM has been known to be the highest resolution global digital elevation model purported to be 30m spacing (1 or 1.5) arc second, we have compared three different DEM’s by digitizing the contour of the existing topographical map covering the research area and downloading the ASTER GDEM data and SRTM data from online source. 3-D coordinates of some scattered was selected and generated from the three DEM created. Contour was also generated fr

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20

Carson, Scott Alan. "NET NUTRITION AND THE TRANSITION FROM 19TH CENTURY BOUND TO FREE-LABOR: ASSESSING DIETARY CHANGE WITH DIFFERENCES-IN-DECOMPOSITIONS." Journal of Demographic Economics 84, no. 4 (2018): 447–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2018.15.

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Abstract:Average stature reflects cumulative net nutrition and health during economic development. This study introduces a difference-in-decompositions approach to show that although 19th century African-American cumulative net nutrition was comparable to working class whites, it was made worse-off with the transition to free-labor. Average stature reflects net nutrition over the life-course, and adult blacks born under bound-labor had greater age related statures loss than blacks under free-labor. Agricultural worker's net nutrition was better than workers in other occupations and was better-

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Lin, Xiaohui, Gang Li, Fangchen Xu, et al. "A coupled SPH-DEM approach for modeling of free-surface debris flows." AIP Advances 12, no. 12 (2022): 125018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106333.

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A Lagrangian mesh-less model is proposed to simulate fluid–solid flows with multiple-sized solids, i.e., millimeter-sized particle and larger-sized debris. Considering the difference in the size of solid phases, a hybrid resolved and unresolved model is established based on the coupling method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and discrete element method (DEM). SPH is used to model fluid, and the locally averaged Navier–Stokes equations are adopted as governing equations. DEM is used to model the particle–particle interactions, and the unresolved description of hydrodynamic forces inclu

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Al-Doski, Jwan, Faez M. Hassan, Hussein Abdelwahab Mossa, and Aus A. Najim. "Incorporation of Digital Elevation Model, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and Landsat-8 Data for Land Use Land Cover Mapping." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 88, no. 8 (2022): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.21-00082r2.

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Ancillary data are crucial in land use land cover (LULC) mapping process. This study goal is to investigate if adding Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and digital elevation model (DEM) data as ancillary data to the Landsat-8 spectral imagery (acquired on 14 April 2016) in the support vector machine (SVM ) classification process improves LULC mapping accuracy in GuaMusang, Malaysia. ENVI software was used to preprocess a single Landsat-8 image, convert it to reflectance, and calculate NDVI. ASTER-GDEM data were used to generate the DEM. The logical channel method was used to combin

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Niu, Y., C. Zhao, J. Zhang, L. Wang, B. Li, and L. Fan. "RESEARCH ON A DEM COREGISTRATION METHOD BASED ON THE SAR IMAGING GEOMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 1333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-1333-2018.

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Due to the systematic error, especially the horizontal deviation that exists in the multi-source, multi-temporal DEMs (Digital Elevation Models), a method for high precision coregistration is needed. This paper presents a new fast DEM coregistration method based on a given SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imaging geometry to overcome the divergence and time-consuming problem of the conventional DEM coregistration method. First, intensity images are simulated for two DEMs under the given SAR imaging geometry. 2D (Two-dimensional) offsets are estimated in the frequency domain using the intensity c

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Huang, Y., and Q. Hu. "CO-REGISTRATION OF MULTI-TEMPORAL DEM BASED ON SIFT ALGORITHM FOR CHANGE DETECTION OF GLACIERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 13, 2017): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-747-2017.

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To detect the change of geographic objects by using multi-temporal DEM, the data must be co-registered firstly. In this paper, the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm is used to co-register multi-temporal DEM data and glacier change detection. Firstly, the DEM is converted into image space and extracts feature information, calculate multiple sets of match point coordinates, and achieve swift and accurate DEM data co-registration using SIFT algorithm. Secondly, the difference between co-registered DEM datasets are analysed. Total area change and average rate of change are calcula

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Li, W. M., E. X. Chen, Z. Y. Li, C. Jiang, and Y. Jia. "EVALUATION OF AIRBORNE L- BAND MULTI-BASELINE POL-INSAR FOR DEM EXTRACTION BENEATH FOREST CANOPY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-949-2018.

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DEM beneath forest canopy is difficult to extract with optical stereo pairs, InSAR and Pol-InSAR techniques. Tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) based on different penetration and view angles could reflect vertical structure and ground structure. This paper aims at evaluating the possibility of TomoSAR for underlying DEM extraction. Airborne L-band repeat-pass Pol-InSAR collected in BioSAR 2008 campaign was applied to reconstruct the 3D structure of forest. And sum of kronecker product and algebraic synthesis algorithm were used to extract ground structure, and phase linking algorithm was applied to est

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Zhdanov, A. Y., A. V. Pankin, and A. V. Rentel. "Algorithm of adaptive correction of structural landforms on global digital elevation models." Geodesy and Cartography 937, no. 7 (2018): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2018-937-7-57-64.

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Due to various factors, such as the interpolation step or automatic correlators specifics, global digital elevation models (DEM) often have an effect of understating the heights, which leads to inaccurate display of structural landforms e.g. ridges. The algorithm of adaptive correction of structural landforms elevation on DEM is proposed in this article. The algorithm consists of two stages. In the first stage, an automatic classification of structural forms is performed based on height difference between neighboring DEM elements. In the second stage, the DEM elements are corrected based on th

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Feng, Y. T., and Yuanqiang Tan. "On Minkowski difference-based contact detection in discrete/discontinuous modelling of convex polygons/polyhedra." Engineering Computations 37, no. 1 (2019): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-03-2019-0124.

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Purpose Contact detection for convex polygons/polyhedra has been a critical issue in discrete/discontinuous modelling, such as the discrete element method (DEM) and the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA). The recently developed 3D contact theory for polyhedra in DDA depends on the so-called entrance block of two polyhedra and reduces the contact to evaluate the distance between the reference point to the corresponding entrance block, but effective implementation is still lacking. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the equivalence of the entrance block and the Minkowski difference

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Dantas, Ana Alice Rodrigues, and Adriano Rolim Paz. "Use of HAND terrain descriptor for estimating flood-prone areas in river basins." Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais 56, no. 3 (2021): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z21769478892.

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The flood hazard mapping in a river basin is crucial for flooding risk management, mitigation strategies, and flood forecasting and warning systems, among other benefits. One approach for this mapping is based on the HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage) terrain descriptor, directly derived from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), in which each pixel represents the elevation difference of this point in relation to the river drainage network to which it is connected. Considering the Mamanguape river basin (3,522.7 km²; state of Paraíba, Brazil) as the study location, the present research applied

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Liao, Zeyuan, Xiujun Dong, and Qiulin He. "Calculating the Optimal Point Cloud Density for Airborne LiDAR Landslide Investigation: An Adaptive Approach." Remote Sensing 16, no. 23 (2024): 4563. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234563.

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Ensuring that ground point density after raw point cloud processing meets the accuracy requirements for subsequent DEM construction represents a challenge for field operators during airborne LiDAR data acquisition. In this study, we propose a method to quantify DEM quality by combining the RMSE of elevation and terrain complexity, analyzing the DEM quality error curves constructed with different point cloud densities by a discrete difference peak-seeking method, to determine the optimal ground point density, and then constructing an ICP-NN algorithm for predicting the collected point cloud den

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Padró, Joan-Cristian, Johnsson Cardozo, Pau Montero, et al. "Drone-Based Identification of Erosive Processes in Open-Pit Mining Restored Areas." Land 11, no. 2 (2022): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11020212.

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Unmanned Aerial Systems, or drones, are very helpful tools for managing open-pit mining operations and developing ecological restoration activities. This article presents a method for identifying water erosion processes in active quarries by means of drone imagery remote sensing, in the absence of pre-existing imagery or mapping for comparison. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with a spatial resolution (SR) >10 cm and an orthophoto with an SR >2.5 cm were generated from images captured with a drone and their subsequent photogrammetric processing. By using Geographical Information Systems

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Hou, Haoyuan, Yixuan Wang, Qin Qin, Yin Tan, and Tonglai Liu. "Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Based on Difference Enhancement for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection." Symmetry 17, no. 4 (2025): 590. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040590.

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Remote sensing image change detection is a core task of remote sensing image analysis; its purpose is to identify and quantify land cover changes in different periods. However, when the existing methods deal with complex features and subtle changes in buildings, vegetation, water bodies, roads, and other ground objects, there are often problems of false detection and missing detection, which affect the detection accuracy. To improve the accuracy of change detection, a multi-scale feature fusion network based on difference enhancement (FEDNet) is proposed. The FEDNet consists of a difference en

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Han, Haijiao, Qiming Zeng, and Jian Jiao. "Quality Assessment of TanDEM-X DEMs, SRTM and ASTER GDEM on Selected Chinese Sites." Remote Sensing 13, no. 7 (2021): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13071304.

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Digital elevation models (DEMs) are the basic data of science and engineering technology research. SRTM and ASTER GDEM are currently widely used global DEMs, and TanDEM-X DEM, released in 2016, has attracted users’ attention due to its unprecedented accuracy. These global datasets are often used for local applications and the quality of DEMs affects the results of applications. Many researchers have assessed and compared the quality of global DEMs on a local scale. To provide some additional insights on quality assessment of 12- and 30-m resolution TanDEM-X DEMs, 30-m resolution ASTER GDEM and

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Li, Qinghua, and Jie Shan. "Georeferencing with Self-Calibration for Airborne Full-Waveform Lidar Data Using Digital Elevation Model." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 87, no. 1 (2021): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.87.1.43.

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Precise georeferencing of airborne full-waveform lidar is a complex process. On one hand, no ground control points are visible due to heavy canopy. While on the other hand, precise georeferencing relies on ground control. As an alternative, we propose to use an available digital elevation model (DEM ) as control. The mathematical framework minimizes the difference between the lidar DEM and the reference DEM. Our solution consists of two steps: initial optimization to find reliable ground points through iterative filtering and georeferencing, and fine optimization to achieve precise georeferenc

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Alcaras, E., P. P. Amoroso, F. G. Figliomeni, C. Parente, and G. Prezioso. "ACCURACY EVALUATION OF COASTLINE EXTRACTION METHODS IN REMOTE SENSING: A SMART PROCEDURE FOR SENTINEL-2 IMAGES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W3-2022 (December 2, 2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w3-2022-13-2022.

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Abstract. Different algorithms are available in literature to extract coastline from remotely sensed images and different approaches can be adopted to evaluate the result accuracy. In every case, a reference coastline is suitable to compare alternative solutions: usually, the visual photointerpretation on the RGB composition of the considered imagery and the manually vectorization of the coastline allow an accurate term of comparison, but they are laborious and time consuming. This article aims to demonstrate that a smart procedure is possible using a LiDAR-generated Digital Elevation Model (L

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Levene, Tamara, Gill Livingston, Sube Banerjee, and Andrew Sommerlad. "Minimum clinically important difference of the Social Functioning in Dementia Scale (SF-DEM): cross-sectional study and Delphi survey." BMJ Open 12, no. 3 (2022): e058252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058252.

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ObjectivesGood social functioning is important for people living with dementia and their families. The Social Functioning in Dementia Scale (SF-DEM) is a valid and reliable instrument measuring social functioning in dementia. However the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has not yet been derived for SF-DEM. This study aims to define the MCID for the SF-DEM.DesignWe used triangulation, incorporating data from a cross-sectional study to calculate the MCID using distribution-based and anchor-based methods, and a Delphi survey.Setting and participantsThe cross-sectional survey compris

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Gallier, Stany, Elisabeth Lemaire, François Peters, and Laurent Lobry. "Rheology of sheared suspensions of rough frictional particles." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 757 (September 23, 2014): 514–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.507.

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AbstractThis paper presents three-dimensional numerical simulations of non-Brownian concentrated suspensions in a Couette flow at zero Reynolds number using a fictitious domain method. Contacts between particles are modelled using a discrete element method (DEM)-like approach, which allows for a more physical description, including roughness and friction. This work emphasizes the effect of friction between particles and its role on rheological properties, especially on normal stress differences. Friction is shown to notably increase viscosity and second normal stress difference $\def \xmlpi #1

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Purwanto, Anang D., Ketut Wikantika, Soni Darmawan, and Albertus Deliar. "Predicting the Distribution of Mangrove Forests through Random Forest Algorithm by Combining Spectral Features and DEM Data." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1276, no. 1 (2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1276/1/012002.

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Abstract Using satellite data and machine learning-based classification methods for mangrove forest identification has gained popularity due to their effectiveness in producing high accuracy. Therefore, this research developed a random forest classification model using various dataset combinations representing spectral and topographical aspects to identify mangrove forests in Segara Anakan, Cilacap. We used the Sentinel-2 imagery acquired in 2022. Two types of digital elevation model (DEM) data were utilized, namely the National Digital Elevation Model (DEMNAS) and Multi-Error-Removed Improved

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Zhao, S., S. Zhang, and W. Cheng. "RELATIVE ERROR EVALUATION TO TYPICAL OPEN GLOBAL DEM DATASETS IN SHANXI PLATEAU OF CHINA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 2395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-2395-2018.

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Produced by radar data or stereo remote sensing image pairs, global DEM datasets are one of the most important types for DEM data. Relative error relates to surface quality created by DEM data, so it relates to geomorphology and hydrologic applications using DEM data. Taking Shanxi Plateau of China as the study area, this research evaluated the relative error to typical open global DEM datasets including Shuttle Radar Terrain Mission (SRTM) data with 1 arc second resolution (SRTM1), SRTM data with 3 arc second resolution (SRTM3), ASTER global DEM data in the second version (GDEM-v2) and ALOS w

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Cheng, Xinghua, and Zhilin Li. "Configurational Entropy for Optimizing the Encryption of Digital Elevation Model Based on Chaos System and Linear Prediction." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 2402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052402.

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A digital elevation model (DEM) digitally records information about terrain variations and has found many applications in different fields of geosciences. To protect such digital information, encryption is one technique. Numerous encryption algorithms have been developed and can be used for DEM. A good encryption algorithm should change both the compositional and configurational information of a DEM in the encryption process. However, current methods do not fully take into full consideration pixel structures when measuring the complexity of an encrypted DEM (e.g., using Shannon entropy and cor

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Shen, Xingdong, Cui Zhou, and Jianjun Zhu. "Improving the Accuracy of TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Model Using Least Squares Collocation Method." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (2023): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143695.

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The TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is limited by the radar side-view imaging mode, which still has gaps and anomalies that directly affect the application potential of the data. Many methods have been used to improve the accuracy of TanDEM-X DEM, but these algorithms primarily focus on eliminating systematic errors trending over a large area in the DEM, rather than random errors. Therefore, this paper presents the least-squares collocation-based error correction algorithm (LSC-TXC) for TanDEM-X DEM, which effectively eliminates both systematic and random errors, to enhance the accuracy

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Parrot, J. F., and C. Ramírez-Núñez. "POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ROUGHNESS ACCORDING TO LOCAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DEM SURFACE AND 3D REFERENCE PLANES." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-3-2021 (June 17, 2021): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-3-2021-159-2021.

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Abstract. The irregularities of the earth’s surface are quantified by means of roughness measurements using Digital Elevation Models (DEM’s). This article presents a roughness measurement method that is based on the calculation of the difference of altitude existing between a plane passing through the centre of a moving window and the altitude of the DEM surface inside this window. This method differs from the measure of the standard deviation and best fit plane, in the sense that it considers all difference values, positives or negatives. The measurement is done in a 3 × 3 or a 5 × 5 moving w

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Kraus, Jaroslav. "Statistical Disclosure Control Methods for Harmonised Protection of Census Data: a Grid Case." Demografie 63, no. 4 (2021): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.54694/dem.0285.

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The 2011 Population and Housing Census in the Czech Republic was accompanied by a significant change in the technology used to prepare course of the fieldwork, along with changes in how the data are processed and how the outputs are disseminated. Grids are regular polygon networks that divide the territory of country in a grid-like way/pattern into equally large territorial units, to which aggregate statistical data are assigned. The disadvantage of grids is that these are territorially small units that are often minimally populated. This mainly has implications for the protection of individua

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Tripathi, Anurag, and D. V. Khakhar. "Density difference-driven segregation in a dense granular flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 717 (February 1, 2013): 643–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.603.

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AbstractWe consider the segregation of spheres of equal size and different density flowing over an inclined plane, theoretically and computationally by means of distinct element method (DEM) simulations. In the first part of the work, we study the settling of a single higher-density particle in the flow of otherwise identical particles. We show that the motion of the high-density tracer particle can be understood in terms of the buoyancy and drag forces acting on it. The buoyancy force is given by Archimedes principle, with an effective volume associated with the particle, which depends upon t

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ZHAO, Mingwei, Guoan TANG, Lei ZHANG, Jian TIAN, and Xiaodong SONG. "The DEM Based 5-Node Second-order Finite Difference Model for Slope Computation." Geo-information Science 14, no. 3 (2012): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1047.2012.00286.

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Li, Yishi, Leping Chen, Daoxiang An, and Dong Feng. "An Extracting DEM Method Based on The Sub-apertures Difference in CSAR Mode." International Journal of Remote Sensing 43, no. 1 (2022): 370–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2021.2018150.

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Hai, G., H. Xie, J. Chen, L. Chen, R. Li, and X. Tong. "EXPERIMENTAL DEM EXTRACTION FROM ASTER STEREO PAIRS AND 3D REGISTRATION BASED ON ICESAT LASER ALTIMETRY DATA IN UPSTREAM AREA OF LAMBERT GLACIER, ANTARCTICA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 14, 2017): 1517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-1517-2017.

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DEM Extraction from ASTER stereo pairs and three-dimensional registration by reference to ICESat laser altimetry data are carried out in upstream area of Lambert Glacier, East Antarctica. Since the study area is located in inland of East Antarctica where few textures exist, registration between DEM and ICESat data is performed. Firstly, the ASTER DEM generation is based on rational function model (RFM) and the procedure includes: a) rational polynomial coefficient (RPC) computation from ASTER metadata, b) L1A image product de-noise and destriping, c) local histogram equalization and matching,

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Knepper, Jennifer, and Bernhard Peuckert. "Anwendung einer +3-Brille bei frühkindlichem Sehscreening mit dem PlusOptix A12R." Optometry & Contact Lenses 1, no. 2 (2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.fejn8438.

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to examine the benefit of +3-glasses as a supplement to the measurement of ob- jective ametropia using the PlusOptix A12R vision screener in children. Material and Methods. Experience from practice and the evaluation of the measurement results with and without the use of the +3-glasses are presented. In addition, a way of interpreting the results in practice is presented. Results. The measurement with both methods was evaluated in 1534 out of 2760 cases. The measurements showed no significant difference (z = -0.250, p = 0.802, r = -0.005), how- ever, showed g

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Japaridze, Irakli. "Female labor force participation and fertility differentials." Journal of Demographic Economics 85, no. 2 (2019): 123–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2019.1.

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AbstractUS women, on average, had approximately two children in both the 1930s and in the 1970s, yet the fertility distribution in the 1930s was less concentrated. This implies change in reproductive behavior, which cannot be captured by models focusing on average fertility. To explain these changes, I have developed a model that makes a distinction between sons and daughters. In this model, the female labor force participation rate is the probability of each girl becoming an employed woman. This endogenizes the empirically observed difference in the propensity for an all-girl household to hav

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Berman, Eli, and Zaur Rzakhanov. "Fertility, migration, and altruism." Journal of Demographic Economics 86, no. 3 (2020): 367–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2020.18.

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AbstractMigration is a human capital investment in which parents bear costs and children share returns. Therefore, migrants from a population with heterogeneous intergenerational discount rates will self-select on intergenerational altruism. Intergenerational altruism and fertility are arguably linked, therefore immigrants might self-select on eventual fertility. Soviet Jews who migrated to Israel despite high migration costs averaged almost one child more than members of the same birth cohorts who migrated later, at lower cost. Distinguishing selection from treatment effects using mothers' ag

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Fan, Yubin, Chang-Qing Ke, and Xiaoyi Shen. "A new Greenland digital elevation model derived from ICESat-2 during 2018–2019." Earth System Science Data 14, no. 2 (2022): 781–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-781-2022.

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Abstract. Greenland digital elevation models (DEMs) are indispensable to fieldwork, ice velocity calculations, and mass change estimations. Previous DEMs have provided reasonable estimations for all of Greenland, but the time span of applied source data may lead to mass change estimation bias. To provide a DEM with a specific time stamp, we applied approximately 5.8×108 ICESat-2 observations from November 2018 to November 2019 to generate a new DEM, including the ice sheet and glaciers in peripheral Greenland. A spatiotemporal model fit process was performed at 500 m, 1 km, 2 km, and 5 km grid

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