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Journal articles on the topic 'Demosponge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Lavrov, Dennis V., Maria C. Diaz, Manuel Maldonado, et al. "Phylomitogenomics bolsters the high-level classification of Demospongiae (phylum Porifera)." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (2023): e0287281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287281.

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Class Demospongiae is the largest in the phylum Porifera (Sponges) and encompasses nearly 8,000 accepted species in three subclasses: Keratosa, Verongimorpha, and Heteroscleromorpha. Subclass Heteroscleromorpha contains ∼90% of demosponge species and is subdivided into 17 orders. The higher level classification of demosponges underwent major revision as the result of nearly three decades of molecular studies. However, because most of the previous molecular work only utilized partial data from a small number of nuclear and mitochondrial (mt) genes, this classification scheme needs to be tested

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2

Pereira, Raquel, Mats Larsson, Paco Cárdenas, and Mikael Thollesson. "Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiöld's inventory." European Journal of Taxonomy 983 (March 27, 2025): 1–64. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835.

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Pereira, Raquel, Larsson, Mats, Cárdenas, Paco, Thollesson, Mikael (2025): Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiöld's inventory. European Journal of Taxonomy 983: 1-64, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2835/12931

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3

Erpenbeck, Dirk, Danny F. R. Cleary, Oliver Voigt, et al. "Analysis of evolutionary, biogeographical and taxonomic patterns of nucleotide composition in demosponge rRNA." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 6 (2007): 1607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058183.

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The ribosome is the location of protein translation and therefore a pivotal macromolecular complex for all organisms. The RNA molecules involved in the formation and functioning of the ribosome (rRNA) are partially single-stranded (loops) and partially double-stranded (helices or stems) as a result of pairing of complementary regions in either their own or other rRNA subunits. This pattern provides the rRNA with a secondary structure crucial for its functionality. The stability of these secondary structures is mediated by their base compositions: a helix rich in G-C pairs possesses a higher th

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4

Schönberg, C. H. L. "New mechanisms in demosponge spicule formation." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 2 (2001): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540100385x.

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A new mechanism of demosponge spicule formation was recognized during taxonomic studies of bioeroding sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae: Clionidae). To date different spicule types have been explained by matching structures to their organic matrix, the axial thread. Bulbous structures, however, do not have an organic counterpart. Immature spicules of Cliona tinctoria and Pione caesia have irregular, rough heads. Higher magnification during scanning electron microscopy shows that silica granules are deposited regionally to form bulbs. Later silica secretion smoothens the bulb surface. Silica depo

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5

Xavier, Joana, and Rob van Soest. "Demosponge fauna of Ormonde and Gettysburg Seamounts (Gorringe Bank, north-east Atlantic): diversity and zoogeographical affinities." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 6 (2007): 1643–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058584.

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Seamounts, although abundant features of the world's oceans, constitute one of the least studied marine ecosystems. In the present work we assessed the diversity and zoogeographical affinities of the demosponge assemblages of Gettysburg and Ormonde Seamounts (Gorringe Bank, north-east Atlantic). Twenty-three demosponge species were identified adding to the thirteen previously reported for Gorringe shallow-water. Gorringe's demosponge assemblage was found to be mainly composed of species with a wide Atlanto–Mediterranean distribution (61%) and a group of species (28%) that are endemic to this B

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6

Riisgård, Hans Ulrik, and Poul S. Larsen. "Filtration Rates and Scaling in Demosponges." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 5 (2022): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050643.

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Demosponges are modular filter-feeding organisms that are made up of aquiferous units or modules with one osculum per module. Such modules may grow to reach a maximal size. Various demosponge species show a high degree of morphological complexity, which makes it difficult to classify and scale them regarding filtration rate versus sponge size. In this regard, we distinguish between: (i) small single-osculum sponges consisting of one aquiferous module, which includes very small explants and larger explants; (ii) multi-oscula sponges consisting of many modules, each with a separate osculum leadi

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7

Shaala, Lamiaa, Hani Asfour, Diaa Youssef, et al. "New Source of 3D Chitin Scaffolds: The Red Sea Demosponge Pseudoceratina arabica (Pseudoceratinidae, Verongiida)." Marine Drugs 17, no. 2 (2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17020092.

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The bioactive bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids and unique morphologically-defined fibrous skeleton of chitin origin have been found recently in marine demosponges of the order Verongiida. The sophisticated three-dimensional (3D) structure of skeletal chitinous scaffolds supported their use in biomedicine, tissue engineering as well as in diverse modern technologies. The goal of this study was the screening of new species of the order Verongiida to find another renewable source of naturally prefabricated 3D chitinous scaffolds. Special attention was paid to demosponge species, which could be far

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8

Bart, Martijn C., Kluijver Anna de, Sean Hoetjes, et al. "Differential processing of dissolved and particulate organic matter by deep-sea sponges and their microbial symbionts." Scientific Reports 10 (October 15, 2020): 17515. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74670-0.

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ABSTRACT Deep-sea sponges create hotspots of biodiversity and biological activity in the otherwise barren deep-sea. However, it remains elusive how sponge hosts and their microbial symbionts acquire and process food in these food-limited environments. Therefore, we traced the processing (i.e. assimilation and respiration) of <sup>13</sup>C- and <sup>15</sup>N-enriched dissolved organic matter (DOM) and bacteria by three dominant North Atlantic deep-sea sponges: the high microbial abundance (HMA) demosponge <em>Geodia barretti</em>, the low microbial abundance (LMA) demosponge <em>Hymedesmia pa

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PEREIRA, Raquel, Mats LARSSON, Paco CÁRDENAS, and Mikael THOLLESSON. "Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiöld’s inventory." European Journal of Taxonomy 983 (March 27, 2025): 1–64. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835.

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It has been 80 years since Leonard Axel Jägerskiöld’s thorough marine faunistic inventory of the Swedish west coast (1921-1938), which represents the latest update of the Swedish sponge marine fauna. In this study, we present an update of the demosponge fauna with new specimens collected by the Swedish Taxonomic Initiative expeditions (2007-2008), new dredges (2012-2020), and SCUBA (2018–2020). Identifications were based on morphology and a molecular tree-based approach using the Folmer fragment of coxI, and the D3-D5 region of the 28S rRNA-encoding gene. From the 417 specimens examined, 57 di

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10

Setiawan, Edwin, Nicole J. De Voogd, John N. A. Hooper, Gert Wörheide, and Dirk Erpenbeck. "The lysidyl aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase intron, a new marker for demosponge phylogeographics – case study on Neopetrosia." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 2 (2015): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415001721.

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Suitable genetic markers for population studies in sponges are necessary to further our understanding of biodiversity and dispersal patterns, and contribute to conservation efforts. Due to the slow mitochondrial substitution rates in demosponges, nuclear introns are among the preferable markers for phylogeographic studies, but so far only the second intron of the ATP synthetase beta subunit-gene (ATPSβ) has been successfully established. In the present study, we analyse the intron of the Lysidyl Aminoacyl Transfer RNA Synthetase (LTRS), another potential marker to study demosponge intraspecifi

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11

Regueiras, A., A. Alex, M. S. Costa, S. Pereira, and V. Vasconcelos. "Diversity of intertidal marine sponges from the western coast of Portugal (North-east Atlantic)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 99, no. 06 (2019): 1253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315419000420.

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AbstractSponges are important components of intertidal marine communities. There is a lack of information about intertidal marine sponge diversity in the western coast of Portugal (North-east Atlantic). In the present work we identified the most common intertidal sponges of the western coast of Portugal, and made a comprehensive list of the intertidal species described so far for this region. Sponges belonging to the Classes Calcarea and Demospongiae were identified, the former class for the first time at these locations. Demospongiae are the most common intertidal sponges, present in all samp

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12

Kovalchuk, Valentine, Alona Voronkina, Björn Binnewerg, et al. "Naturally Drug-Loaded Chitin: Isolation and Applications." Marine Drugs 17, no. 10 (2019): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17100574.

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Naturally occurring three-dimensional (3D) biopolymer-based matrices that can be used in different biomedical applications are sustainable alternatives to various artificial 3D materials. For this purpose, chitin-based structures from marine sponges are very promising substitutes. Marine sponges from the order Verongiida (class Demospongiae) are typical examples of demosponges with well-developed chitinous skeletons. In particular, species belonging to the family Ianthellidae possess chitinous, flat, fan-like fibrous skeletons with a unique, microporous 3D architecture that makes them particul

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13

Erpenbeck, Dirk, John N. A. Hooper, Sue E. List-Armitage, Bernard M. Degnan, Gert Wörheide, and Rob W. M. van Soest. "Affinities of the family Sollasellidae (Porifera, Demospongiae). II. Molecular evidence." Contributions to Zoology 76, no. 2 (2007): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07602003.

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This is the second part of a revision and re-classification of the demosponge family Sollasellidae, and an example of a successful use of combined morphological and molecular data. Sollasella had been a poorly known, long forgotten taxon, placed incertae sedis in the order Hadromerida in the last major revision of the demosponges. It has recently been suggested to belong to Raspailiidae in the order Poecilosclerida due to striking morphological similarities. The present analysis verified this re-classification using molecular markers. Comparing 28S rDNA fragments of Sollasella cervicornis, a n

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14

Rigby, J. Keith, J. C. Gutiérrez-Marco, M. Robardet, and J. M. Piçarra. "First articulated Silurian sponges from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal)." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 4 (1997): 554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002233600004004x.

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The first-described articulated Silurian sponges from Spain and Portugal include a moderate assemblage of hexactinellids and a single monaxonid demosponge. The sponges were collected from a thin layer at the top of the Cyrtograptus lundgreni-Monograptus testis graptolite biozone, in a possible volcanic ash of latest Homerian (Wenlock) age. The sponges are from southeastern Portugal and southwestern Spain in the Ossa-Morena Zone of the Hesperian Massif. The hexactinellid collection includes several specimens of the new species, Protospongia iberica, and fragments of Diagoniella species and Gabe

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15

Weaver, James C., Lı́a I. Pietrasanta, Niklas Hedin, Bradley F. Chmelka, Paul K. Hansma, and Daniel E. Morse. "Nanostructural features of demosponge biosilica." Journal of Structural Biology 144, no. 3 (2003): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.031.

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16

Luo, Cui, Yu Pei, Sylvain Richoz, Qijian Li, and Joachim Reitner. "Identification and Current Palaeobiological Understanding of “Keratosa”-Type Nonspicular Demosponge Fossils in Carbonates: With a New Example from the Lowermost Triassic, Armenia." Life 12, no. 9 (2022): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091348.

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Structures similar to fossilized nonspicular demosponges have been reported in carbonates throughout the Phanerozoic and recently in rocks dating back to 890 Ma ago. Interpretation of these records is increasingly influential to our understanding of metazoans in multiple aspects, including their early evolution, the ecology in fossil reefs, and recovery after mass extinction events. Here, we propose six identification criteria of “Keratosa”-type nonspicular demosponge fossils based on the well-established taphonomical models and their biological characteristics. Besides, sponge fossils of this

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17

Dunn, Michael T., Royal H. Mapes, and J. K. Rigby. "A land plant not a sponge: A re-evaluation of the Mississippian demosponge Vintonia and the family Vintoniidae." Journal of Paleontology 77, no. 2 (2003): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000043754.

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In 1956 two fossil specimens were exposed in concretions associated with two crushed body chambers of the orthoconic nautiloid Rayonnoceras sp. recovered from the Fayetteville Shale (Chesterian, upper Mississippian) of northern Arkansas. The two specimens were subsequently described as a new genus and species of demosponge, Vintonia doris Nitecki and Rigby and placed in the new family Vintoniidae (Nitecki and Rigby, 1966). The specimens were described as silicified. Nitecki and Rigby's analysis, based on the presence of an assumed skeletal net resembling the spongin net of Recent sponges, sugg

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18

Kubiak, Anita, Alona Voronkina, Martyna Pajewska-Szmyt, et al. "Creation of a 3D Goethite–Spongin Composite Using an Extreme Biomimetics Approach." Biomimetics 8, no. 7 (2023): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8070533.

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The structural biopolymer spongin in the form of a 3D scaffold resembles in shape and size numerous species of industrially useful marine keratosan demosponges. Due to the large-scale aquaculture of these sponges worldwide, it represents a unique renewable source of biological material, which has already been successfully applied in biomedicine and bioinspired materials science. In the present study, spongin from the demosponge Hippospongia communis was used as a microporous template for the development of a new 3D composite containing goethite [α-FeO(OH)]. For this purpose, an extreme biomime

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19

Calcinai, Barbara, and Maurizio Pansini. "Four new demosponge species from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica)." Zoosystema 22, no. 2 (2000): 369–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5757715.

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20

Bell, James J. "Regeneration rates of a sublittoral demosponge." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 1 (2002): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402005295.

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The effect of water flow rate on the regeneration rate of the temperate sponge Cliona celata was investigated at two sites experiencing fast and slight current flow respectively at Lough Hyne, Co. Cork, Ireland. Faster regeneration rates were found in sponges living in high current areas which may be due to an increased amount of potential food material per unit time and the possibility of entrained water flow.

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21

Robinson, Jeffrey M. "MicroRNA expression during demosponge dissociation, reaggregation, and differentiation and a evolutionarily conserved demosponge miRNA expression profile." Development Genes and Evolution 225, no. 6 (2015): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00427-015-0520-5.

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22

ERPENBECK, DIRK, and GERT WÖRHEIDE. "On the molecular phylogeny of sponges (Porifera)*." Zootaxa 1668, no. 1 (2007): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1668.1.10.

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In the past decade molecular genetic markers have been introduced for research on the evolution and systematics of sponges. Historically, sponges have been difficult to classify due to lack of complex characters with the result that hypothesised phylogenetic relationships for various sponge taxa have changed rapidly over the past few years. Here, we summarize the current status of systematic and phylogenetic hypotheses proposed for sponges. We discuss the relationships among the three classes, Calcarea (calcareous sponges), Hexactinellida (glass sponges) and Demospongiae, as well as those amon

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Erpenbeck, Dirk, Soest Rob W.M. Van, Gert Wörheide, and Michelle Kelly. "Genetic data confirms the enigmatic demosponge Janulum as haplosclerid." Zootaxa 5254, no. 1 (2023): 147–50. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.10.

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Erpenbeck, Dirk, Van Soest, Rob W.M., Wörheide, Gert, Kelly, Michelle (2023): Genetic data confirms the enigmatic demosponge Janulum as haplosclerid. Zootaxa 5254 (1): 147-150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.10

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Gutekunst, V., A.U. Müller, T. Pohl, et al. "A new fistulose demosponge species from the Persian Gulf." Zootaxa 4450, no. 5 (2018): 565–74. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.3.

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Gutekunst, V., Müller, A.U., Pohl, T., Brümmer, F., Malik, H., Fawzi, N., Erpenbeck, D., Lehnert, H. (2018): A new fistulose demosponge species from the Persian Gulf. Zootaxa 4450 (5): 565-574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.3

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Agne, Stefanie, Merrick Ekins, Adrian Galitz, et al. "Keratose sponge MuseOMICS: setting reference points in dictyoceratid demosponge phylogeny." Zootaxa 5195, no. 3 (2022): 296–300. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5195.3.9.

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Agne, Stefanie, Ekins, Merrick, Galitz, Adrian, Hofreiter, Michael, Preick, Michaela, Straube, Nicolas, Wörheide, Gert, Erpenbeck, Dirk (2022): Keratose sponge MuseOMICS: setting reference points in dictyoceratid demosponge phylogeny. Zootaxa 5195 (3): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.3.9

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Rigby, J. Keith, and Hou Xian-Guang. "Lower Cambrian demosponges and hexactinellid sponges from Yunnan, China." Journal of Paleontology 69, no. 6 (1995): 1009–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000037999.

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The assemblage of demosponge and hexactinellid sponges described here was collected from the Lower Cambrian, Atdabanian, Yu'anshan Member of the Chiungchussu Formation, at the Maotianshan and Xiaolantian sections in Chengjiang County, Yunnan Province, 70 km southeast of Kunming. The sponges occur in relatively massive to weakly graded-bedded, grayish-yellow mudstone and silty mudstone. They are associated with other soft-bodied and skeletonized fossils. The new demosponge species and genera Choiaella radiata, Allantospongia mica, and the questionable sponge Parvulonoda dubia are described, alo

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Neilson, James R., Nathan C. George, Meredith M. Murr, Ram Seshadri, and Daniel E. Morse. "Mesostructure from Hydration Gradients in Demosponge Biosilica." Chemistry - A European Journal 20, no. 17 (2014): 4956–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201304704.

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STONE, ROBERT P., HELMUT LEHNERT, and GERALD R. HOFF. "Inventory of the eastern Bering Sea sponge fauna, geographic range extensions and description of Antho ridgwayi sp. nov." Zootaxa 4567, no. 2 (2019): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.2.

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A total of 493 sponges were collected with a bottom trawl during annual groundfish stock assessment surveys in the eastern Bering Sea in 2013, 2015, and 2016 to build an inventory of species in this largely unexplored region. We report here principally on the demosponge fauna collected during those surveys because identifications of hexactinellids are incomplete. We identified 42 unique demosponge taxa from the collection including geographical range extensions for 30 species; seven are new records for the Pacific Ocean. The collection also included three species new to science; two have been

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Voultsiadou, Eleni, Vasilis Gerovasileiou, and Nicolas Bailly. "Porifera of Greece: an updated checklist." Biodiversity Data Journal 4 (November 1, 2016): e7984. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7984.

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The checklist of Porifera of Greece was created in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS), an initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI) that has resumed efforts to compile a complete checklist of species recorded from Greece. An updated checklist of Porifera was created on the basis of a list of the Aegean Demospongiae and Homoscleromorpha published one decade ago. All records of species known to occur in Greek waters were taxonomically validated and cross-checked for possible inaccuracies and omissions. Then, all recent publications were reviewed an

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Ehrlich, Hermann, Vasilii V. Bazhenov, Cecile Debitus, et al. "Isolation and identification of chitin from heavy mineralized skeleton of Suberea clavata (Verongida: Demospongiae: Porifera) marine demosponge." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 104 (November 2017): 1706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.141.

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Guella, G., I. Mancini, D. Duhet, B. Richer de Forges, and F. Pietra. "Ethyl 6-Bromo-3-indolcarboxylate and 3-Hydroxyacetal-6-bromoindole, Novel Bromoindoles from the Sponge Pleroma menoui of the Coral Sea." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 44, no. 11-12 (1989): 914–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1989-11-1206.

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Abstract The demosponge Pleroma menoui (order Lithistida, suborder Trienosina (= Desmophorina), family Pleromidae), collected in the Coral Sea south-east of Noum ea at a depth of 500 m, is proven here to contain the novel alkaloids ethyl 6-brom o-3-indolcarboxylate and 3-hydroxyacetyl-6-brom oindole.

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SCHLAGINTWEIT, FELIX, FRANCISCO SÁNCHEZ-BERISTAIN, HYAM SALEH DAOUD, and KOOROSH RASHIDI. "Acanthochaetetes Fischeri N. Sp. (Coralline Demosponge) From The Upper Paleocene (Thanetian) Of Iraq (Kurdistan Region) And Iran (Sistan Suture Zone)." Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 18, no. 2 (2022): 53–62. https://doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2022.02.02.

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SCHLAGINTWEIT, FELIX, SÁNCHEZ-BERISTAIN, FRANCISCO, DAOUD, HYAM SALEH, RASHIDI, KOOROSH (2022): Acanthochaetetes Fischeri N. Sp. (Coralline Demosponge) From The Upper Paleocene (Thanetian) Of Iraq (Kurdistan Region) And Iran (Sistan Suture Zone). Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 18 (2): 53-62, DOI: 10.35463/j.apr.2022.02.02, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2022.02.02

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Dziedzic, Izabela, Alona Voronkina, Martyna Pajewska-Szmyt, et al. "The Loss of Structural Integrity of 3D Chitin Scaffolds from Aplysina aerophoba Marine Demosponge after Treatment with LiOH." Marine Drugs 21, no. 6 (2023): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md21060334.

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Aminopolysaccharide chitin is one of the main structural biopolymers in sponges that is responsible for the mechanical stability of their unique 3D-structured microfibrous and porous skeletons. Chitin in representatives of exclusively marine Verongiida demosponges exists in the form of biocomposite-based scaffolds chemically bounded with biominerals, lipids, proteins, and bromotyrosines. Treatment with alkalis remains one of the classical approaches to isolate pure chitin from the sponge skeleton. For the first time, we carried out extraction of multilayered, tube-like chitin from skeletons of

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Kertmen, Ahmet, Iaroslav Petrenko, Christian Schimpf, et al. "Calcite Nanotuned Chitinous Skeletons of Giant Ianthella basta Marine Demosponge." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (2021): 12588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212588.

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Marine sponges were among the first multicellular organisms on our planet and have survived to this day thanks to their unique mechanisms of chemical defense and the specific design of their skeletons, which have been optimized over millions of years of evolution to effectively inhabit the aquatic environment. In this work, we carried out studies to elucidate the nature and nanostructural organization of three-dimensional skeletal microfibers of the giant marine demosponge Ianthella basta, the body of which is a micro-reticular, durable structure that determines the ideal filtration function o

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Revilla-i-Domingo, Roger, Clara Schmidt, Clara Zifko, and Florian Raible. "Establishment of Transgenesis in the Demosponge Suberites domuncula." Genetics 210, no. 2 (2018): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.301121.

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Wahidullah, Solimabi, B. G. Naik, and Ammar A. Al-Fadhli. "Chemotaxonomic study of the demosponge Cinachyrella cavernosa (Lamarck)." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 58 (February 2015): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2014.11.001.

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37

Erpenbeck, Dirk, Markus Steiner, Astrid Schuster, et al. "Minimalist barcodes for sponges: a case study classifying African freshwater Spongillida." Genome 62, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0098.

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African sponges, particularly freshwater sponges, are understudied relative to demosponges in most other geographical regions. Freshwater sponges (Spongillida) likely share a common ancestor; however, their evolutionary history, particularly during their radiation into endemic and allegedly cosmopolitan groups, is unclear. Freshwater sponges of at least 58 species of 17 genera and four families are described from Central and Eastern Africa, but the diversity is underestimated due to limited distinguishable morphological features. The discovery of additional cryptic species is very likely with

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Cavalier-Smith, T., M. T. E. P. Allsopp, E. E. Chao, N. Boury-Esnault, and J. Vacelet. "Sponge phylogeny, animal monophyly, and the origin of the nervous system: 18S rRNA evidence." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 11 (1996): 2031–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-231.

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We sequenced 18S rRNA genes of a calcareous sponge, Clathrina cerebrum, a demosponge, Axinella polypoides, and a zoanthid cnidarian, Parazoanthus axinellae. Our phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of kingdom Animalia and confirms that choanoflagellate protozoans are their closest relatives. Sponges as a whole are monophyletic, but possibly paraphyletic; demosponges and hexactinellids form a monophyletic group of silicious sponges. Our phylogenetic trees support a monophyletic origin of the nervous system in the immediate common ancestor of Cnidaria and Ctenophora. They weakly suggest

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Harrison, Dominica, Fabio Cabrera De Leo, Warren J. Gallin, Farin Mir, Simone Marini, and Sally P. Leys. "Machine Learning Applications of Convolutional Neural Networks and Unet Architecture to Predict and Classify Demosponge Behavior." Water 13, no. 18 (2021): 2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182512.

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Biological data sets are increasingly becoming information-dense, making it effective to use a computer science-based analysis. We used convolution neural networks (CNN) and the specific CNN architecture Unet to study sponge behavior over time. We analyzed a large time series of hourly high-resolution still images of a marine sponge, Suberites concinnus (Demospongiae, Suberitidae) captured between 2012 and 2015 using the NEPTUNE seafloor cabled observatory, off the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. We applied semantic segmentation with the Unet architecture with some modifications, inclu

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Rigby, J. Keith, and Charles C. Smith. "Microscleres of a Paleocene Geodia from western Alabama." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 3 (1992): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033965.

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Siliceous sterraster microscleres of the choristid demosponge, Geodia Lamarck, 1815, occur in outcrops of the lower Porters Creek Formation (Paleocene) near Moscow Landing on the Tombigbee River in southeastern Sumter County, Alabama. This is the first report of that sponge from the Cretaceous–Tertiary of the Gulf Coastal Plain. The initially opaline spicules have been converted to clinoptilolite, a Na-K-Ca zeolite.

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Rigby, J. Keith, Lloyd F. Gunther, and Freida Gunther. "The first occurrence of the Burgess Shale demosponge Hazelia palmata Walcott, 1920, in the Cambrian of Utah." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 6 (1997): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000035976.

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A single specimen of Hazelia palmata Walcott, 1920, was collected from the Middle Cambrian Marjum Formation near Marjum Pass, in the central House Range, western Utah. This is a first occurrence of the species outside the Burgess shale region of British Columbia, Canada. The flattened oval impression of the monaxonid demosponge shows characteristic tufts and spicule structures of the species.

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Trainito, Egidio, Rossella Baldacconi, and Vesna Macic. "All-around rare and generalist: countercurrent signals from the updated distribution of Calyx nicaeensis (Risso, 1826) (Porifera, Demospongiae)." Stoudia Marina 33, no. 1 (2020): 5–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3932083.

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New findings of the endemic Mediterranean demosponge Calyx nicaeensis in the Tavolara MPA (Sardinia, Italy), in Apulia (Italy) and Montenegro waters are reported and the checklist of its records updated. The rarity of the species is discussed and confirmed. It suggests that greater attention should be paid to rare species in order to understand better their life strategies and environmental role.

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GUTEKUNST, V., A. U. MÜLLER, T. POHL, et al. "A new fistulose demosponge species from the Persian Gulf." Zootaxa 4450, no. 5 (2018): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.3.

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During a scientific expedition to the Palinurus Rock, Persian Gulf, Iraq, a reef, which was discovered first in 2012, we found a new species which we tentatively assigned to Ciocalypta (Porifera, Demospongiae, Suberitida, Halichondriidae). Genetic results from different authors (Morrow & Cardenas, 2015, Redmond et al., 2013, Erpenbeck et al., 2012) suggest that several species of Ciocalypta and other species from Suberitida (e.g. several Axinyssa, Petromica, Topsentia, Cymbastela, Halichondria (Eumastia)) are indeed no Suberitida but belong to taxa yet unnamed. The species described here g

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Müller, Werner E. G., Alexandra Borejko, David Brandt, et al. "Selenium affects biosilica formation in the demosponge Suberites domuncula." FEBS Journal 272, no. 15 (2005): 3838–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04795.x.

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Aluma, Y., M. Ilan, and D. Sherman. "Comments on a skeleton design paradigm for a demosponge." Journal of Structural Biology 175, no. 3 (2011): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2011.05.006.

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Weaver, James C., Garrett W. Milliron, Peter Allen, et al. "Unifying Design Strategies in Demosponge and Hexactinellid Skeletal Systems." Journal of Adhesion 86, no. 1 (2010): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218460903417917.

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Erpenbeck, Dirk, Ratih Aryasari, Sarah Benning, et al. "Diversity of two widespread Indo-Pacific demosponge species revisited." Marine Biodiversity 47, no. 4 (2017): 1035–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0783-3.

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RIGBY, J. KEITH, and KEVIN J. CUNNINGHAM. "A NEW, LARGE, LATE PLEISTOCENE DEMOSPONGE FROM SOUTHEASTERN FLORIDA." Journal of Paleontology 81, no. 4 (2007): 788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/pleo0022-3360(2007)081[0788:anllpd]2.0.co;2.

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Leys, S. P. "Comparative study of spiculogenesis in demosponge and hexactinellid larvae." Microscopy Research and Technique 62, no. 4 (2003): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.10397.

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Pisera, Andrzej. "Some aspects of silica deposition in lithistid demosponge desmas." Microscopy Research and Technique 62, no. 4 (2003): 312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.10398.

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