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Journal articles on the topic 'Denmark – Economic policy – 20th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Thorhallsson, Baldur, and Tómas Joensen. "Iceland’s External Affairs from the Napoleonic Era to the occupation of Denmark: Danish and British Shelter." Veftímaritið Stjórnmál og stjórnsýsla 11, no. 2 (2015): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.13177/irpa.a.2015.11.2.4.

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This paper argues that Iceland enjoyed essential shelter, for its development and prosperity, provided by Denmark and Britain. Societal relations with Copenhagen were of fundamental importance in the preservation and evolution of Icelandic identity and culture, providing the foundation of the modern society and leading to the establishment of the Icelandic state. Danish financial backups created the basis for the island’s economic prosperity in the 20th century. Moreover, Denmark provided partial political shelter in terms of significant diplomatic support in guaranteeing trade agreements with

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Dubinka-Hushcha, Lizaveta A. "Political Institutions and their Role in the Foreign Policy of Denmark." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 1 (2022): 174–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2022.112.

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This article focuses on the historical development of political institutions in Denmark after the Second World War and their influence on foreign policy decision-making. This is in line with an emergent trend in the second half of the 20th century reflected in the increasing power of Folketing (the Danish Parliament) driven by a growing number of special parliamentary commissions responsible for particular aspects of foreign policy. It follows from the study that the political system of Denmark has been characterized by continuity, stability and predictability since the Second World War. The e

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Білявець, Сергій. "PECULIARITIES OF POLICE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (END OF THE XX - BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY." Збірник наукових праць Національної академії Державної прикордонної служби України. Серія: педагогічні науки 24, no. 1 (2021): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32453/pedzbirnyk.v24i1.627.

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The article presents the results of the analysis of regulatory and scientific sources, which reveal the features of police training for EU countries at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. It was found that the integration of European states in the second half of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century contributed to the fact that the system of police training was changing in accordance with the changes in the political and socio-economic situation in individual EU countries and in the Community as a whole. The police training system itself is part of

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Azizbek Guzalovich, Kholliev. "The “Mongolian question” to Russian foreign policy." International Journal on Integrated Education 2, no. 6 (2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i6.202.

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The article analyzes the "Mongolian issue", which is one of the main directions of Russian foreign policy of the early 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the international situation in the Far East region, the collision of imperialist forces, and the economic benefits through diplomatic efforts will be considered.

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Oliver, Michael J., and Hugh Pemberton. "Learning and Change in 20th-Century British Economic Policy." Governance 17, no. 3 (2004): 415–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0952-1895.2004.00252.x.

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Mau, V. "Modernization under Conditions of Political Stability (Reforms of the Second Half of XIX Century: Logic and Stages of Complex Modernization)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 20, 2009): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-9-32-50.

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The paper discusses economic and political modernization under Alexander II and Alexander III. Special attention is paid to economic modernization under conservative political regime as well as to the influence of the 19th century economic policy and economic debates on the industrialization policy in the 20th century.

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Тихоненко, Ірина. "THE ARCTIC IN GERMANY’S FOREIGN POLICY IN THE 20TH CENTURY." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 4 (2022): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2022-04/065-076.

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The article attempts to analyze the role of the Arctic region in the foreign policy of Germany in the 20th century. It was revealed the influence of the internal political situation in the state on the manifestation of cyclicality in the use of certain mechanisms and tools for the implementation of foreign policy initiatives in the Arctic. At the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th centuries, Germany actively used scientific researchers in the Arctic, which were introduced in the initiation of the International Polar Year (synchronous meteorological research in the Arctic) and par

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Nahdia, Nur. "Inter-Island Maritime Trade Dynamics and the Role of KPM of Sulawesi at the Beginning of the 20th Century." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 11 (2022): 1261–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7444904.

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- The southern part of Sulawesi played a very important and significant role in forming trade networks and economic integration between the 1900s and 1930s. Dynamics, change, and development are the main subjects of this research. This research aims to 1) reveal the dynamics of inter-island maritime trade and the role of KPM in Sulawesi, early 20th century, and 2) interregional economic development activities in southern Sulawesi, early 20th century. This research used qualitative method. The result of this research is revealing the dynamics and development of maritime trade in South Sulawesi

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Podolskiy, Vadim. "Economic and political causes for transformations of social policy in the 20th century." Социодинамика, no. 12 (December 2023): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69294.

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The paper analyses dynamics of social policy in the 20th century in Germany, Britain, France, Spain, Russia, the USA and China as the largest states, where the largest changes in the field of social security took place. The existing approaches to the typology of social states are considered. The article studies reasons for the formation, changes and organisation of the social security systems, the mutual influence of the different states in the field of social policy. The article presents an assessment of the problems faced by social states, evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of di

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Dju, Orlindo, Johnatan Da Costa Santos, Darinka Brosovich Flores, and Jorge Marko Calderon Verduga. "African direction in the foreign policy of Brazil." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 11-1 (2020): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202011statyi06.

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The article considers political, economic, social and cultural aspects of Brazilian-African cooperation at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. At the present stage, after two decades of active development, Brazilian policy towards Africa has been losing momentum. Nowadays the cooperation between Brazil and African countries requires developing a new strategy.

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Wardley-Kershaw, Julia, and Klaus R. Schenk-Hoppé. "Economic Growth in the UK: Growth’s Battle with Crisis." Histories 2, no. 4 (2022): 374–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/histories2040028.

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In this second paper in a series of four, we examine how the era of sustained economic growth also gave rise to recurring economic crises. Assessing the economic turbulence of the late 19th century and the early 20th century, and three prominent crises of the 20th and early 21st centuries: the period following the Second World War, the 1980–1981 Recession and the 2008 Financial Crisis, we survey how the economy and policy have reacted historically to shocks to growth, how crises have restructured industry and work, altering productivity and impacting future growth potential, and how the long-r

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Mau, V. "Russia’s Social and Economic Policy in 2014: Finding New Frontiers." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 2 (February 20, 2015): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2015-2-5-31.

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The paper deals with the roots and features of current Russian economic problems as a combination of structural and institutional crises, cyclical and external shocks. Mobilization and liberalization are discussed as two key economic policy alternatives. The analysis includes historical retrospection which provides some important lessons from economic development in the 20th century. Special attention is paid to the desirable policy to stimulate economic growth.

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Aasen, Henriette Sinding, Sirpa Soini, Elisabeth Rynning, Oddný Mjöll Arnardottir, and Mette Hartlev. "News and Views." European Journal of Health Law 17, no. 3 (2010): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180910x504090.

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AbstractThe five Nordic countries — Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden — share a considerable part of their cultural and historical heritage. They have collaborated closely in their development of legislation during most of the 20th century and are also all traditional welfare states, but nevertheless demonstrate a surprising degree of variety in the area of health law. The Nordic Network for Research in Biomedical Law was founded in 2006, with the aim to promote intra-disciplinary collaboration and stimulate comparative Nordic research in this field of law. Exchange of information o

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Novikova, Irina, and Dmitry Popov. "Foreign economic cooperation between St. Petersburg and Denmark in the 21st century: Main trends, problems, prospects." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations 14, no. 1 (2021): 41–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2021.103.

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Russian-Danish economic cooperation has a long and rich history, in which St. Petersburg, due to its geographical location, has always played an important role. The study of the role of large megacities in national foreign economic policy is now of great scientific and practical importance. The authors of this article attempt to examine the economic sphere of paradiplomacy based on the example of St. Petersburg. The article analyzes the legal framework for economic cooperation between St. Petersburg and Denmark, trade and investment cooperation, determines the place of St. Petersburg in the to

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Chutkyi, Аndrii. "Jewish Students of the Kyiv commercial institute: under the scrutiny of the imperial authorities." Scientific Papers of the Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University. History 44 (October 7, 2024): 171–96. https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2024-44.171-196.

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The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the manifestations of the Russian Empire's anti-Semitic policies in higher education in Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century by reconstructing the impact of imperial policy on the lives of students at the Kyiv Commercial Institute. The research methodology is based on general and specialized scientific methods, including deduction, induction, structural-system, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, and interdisciplinary approaches. The scientific novelty lies in uncovering specific examples of the Russian Empire’s anti-Semit

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Kaplan, Robert B. "Language Policy and Planning: Fundamental Issues." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (March 1994): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002786.

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For much of the 20th century, language policy and planning has been essentially overlooked except as an academic enterprise, being of serious interest largely only to a small coterie of specialists scattered thinly around the world. Still, at present, only a handful of universities in the world offers anything more than a random course in language policy/planning or simply subsumes the entire field in a couple of lectures in the introductory course in sociolinguistics. In the last decade of the 20th century, real-world events have thrust language policy and planning into prominence. The collap

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Shturma, Marta. "Evolution of Denmark’s Policy Towards the NATO in the Second Half of the 20th Century." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 44 (December 15, 2021): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2021.44.109-120.

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The article focuses on Denmark’s shifting approaches towards bloc policy through the lens of its security priorities. It emphasizes that the Danish exposure to security vulnerabilities is primarily due to its geographical location, which led to rejection of country’s neutrality and to joining the NATO. The study stresses that internal factors have been continuously influencing the Danish defense policy, causing numerous controversies in domestic politics. Contradictions are identified in Denmark’s efforts to preserve a balance between the status of a nuclear-free state and the need to accept t

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Ninkov, Jasmina. "FROM COLLECTION TO CONNECTION, FROM CONNECTION TO CREATION." Limes-Plus 20, no. 2-3 (2023): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.69899/limes-plus23202-3125n.

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Sometimes, it is said that creativity is the fundamental driving force of the 21st-century economy, just as oil was in the 20th century. Perhaps in this century, the critical factors for economic success are policies that protect creativity, just as energy policy and access to energy were determinants of geopolitics throughout the 20th century. The concept of the creative economy emerged at the end of the 20th century with strong globalization, technological development, and digitization. It is considered one of the first cultural industries – cultural tourism, in which public libraries play a

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19

rahman, sayed. "Economic Dimension of China’s Foreign Policy towards Pakistan: Late 20th- Early 21st Century." PAKISTAN LANGUAGES AND HUMANITIES REVIEW 4, no. II (2020): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2020(4-ii)2.2.

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rahman, sayed. "Economic Dimension of China’s Foreign Policy towards Pakistan: Late 20th- Early 21st Century." PAKISTAN LANGUAGES AND HUMANITIES REVIEW 4, no. II (2020): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2020(4-ii)2.2.

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Rahman, Md Sayedur, and Shakila Tul-Kubra. "Economic dimension of India’s foreign policy towards Russia: Late 20th- early 21st century." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 4, no. 1 (2020): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v4i1.32757.

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In the international framework India is finding a larger position for itself. This hope is focused on the belief that India is a prosperous democracy with substantial human and material resources; it is an increasingly strong economic power; it has a proven record as a responsible and law-abiding regime, and as a member of the non-aligned party it has consistently shared the interests of the developing nations. Indian foreign policy makers argue that India wants to re-invent itself at this point of 'take-off' as a great force. India needs new alliance for the proposed new position, including t

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Stolbov, Vyacheslav. "Models of Russia's Macroeconomic Policy at the Turn of the 21st Century." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 13, no. 1-2 (2010): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10103-009-0032-5.

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At present the modelling of macroeconomic processes appears to hold theoretical as well as applied interest. Hence, in the present article this method is used with regard to the Russian economy, presenting its actual economic practice in the last decade of the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st century. The author describes three macroeconomic models, taking into consideration the fact that the country is being profoundly influenced by the global financial crisis. The discussed models are: transition economy model, economic growth model and crisis-management model.

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Padayachee, Vishnu. "The 20th-century South African economy through a development lens." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 35, no. 2 (2020): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569119x15765873896736.

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Based on Bill Freund’s latest book, this review essay critically reviews the author’s discussion of: the institutional and network fibres underlying the mid-20th-century South African developmental model; how and why it developed; how and why it transformed through the course of that century; and how it was dismantled by the end of that century. The essay also tries to assess the significance of that model for South African development in the post-1994 democratic era, as well as the economic and public policy choices exercised by the African National Congress (ANC)-led government under conditi

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Solovyova, Valeriya A., Ivan A. Tcverianashvili, and Denis V. Shutman. "Establishment and development history of “green” urban planning idea in Denmark in the second half of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 6 (2023): 1599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2023-28-6-1599-1608.

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Importance. The historical preconditions for the formation of modern urban construction policy in Denmark, current trends and features of Danish urbanism, current legislative acts regulating the issues of urban planning are considered. Within the framework of historical preconditions analysis attention is paid to the architectural and urban construction ideas of the 20th century, which made the greatest contribution to the establishment and development of the Danish tradition of urban environment planning. Attention is paid to the activities of English sociologist Ebenezer Howard and Danish ar

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Amonova, Feruza. "Evolution of The Monetary Policy in The Khiva Khanate (Mid-19th Century to Early 20th Century as An Example)." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 5, no. 4 (2025): 188–91. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume05issue04-42.

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This article explores the consequences of the Russian empire's economic colonial policies in the Khiva khanate during the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century, focusing on the participation of financial institutions in monetary relations, changes in the monetary system, and the reforms carried out by the local government. The analysis is based on national sources and documents from the National Archive of Uzbekistan.

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Hemphill, Thomas A. "From Industrial Policy to National Industrial Strategy: An Emerging Global Phenomenon." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 38, no. 3-4 (2018): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467620925710.

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In February 2019, the German federal government announced its new “National Industry Strategy 2030.” Many economies—including the United Kingdom (2017), European Union (2017), and Saudi Arabia (2018)—have announced national industrial strategies addressing the competitive threat of the People’s Republic of China’s 2015 “Made in China 2025” 5-year economic plan to become a global leader in 10 advanced technology manufacturing sectors. The use of the 20th-century term “industrial policy” heralds back to public policy antecedents of what is now evolving globally in the 21st century as national “i

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KHusan, Ziyotov. "CHINA: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 4, no. 10 (2024): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume04issue10-10.

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This article talks about the emergence of a number of social and economic problems in China, which began to develop rapidly after transitioning to a market economy in the last quarter of the 20th century, and the policy of the Chinese government to solve these problems.

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Jensen, Heidi Amalie Rosendahl, Kim Bloomfield, Cathrine Juel Lau, and Ola Ekholm. "Trends in alcohol consumption among older adults in Denmark in the 21st century." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37, no. 5 (2020): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072520954333.

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Background: Previous studies have indicated that the alcohol consumption among older Danish individuals has increased during the last three decades of the 20th century. However, the research is limited and, hence, the aim of the present article is to describe the trends and peculiarities in the development of the present situation in older people’s drinking patterns in Denmark. Methods: Data were obtained from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey (2005) and the Danish National Health Survey (2010, 2013, and 2017). Data used in this study were collected via self-administered questionnaires fr

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Köpeczi-Bócz, Tamás, and Mónika Lőrincz. "The characteristics of the resource needs of innovative businesses." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 69 (March 23, 2016): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/69/1800.

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Every university was funded in different historical periods with particular feature, particular political system, particular proprietory structure and particular economic background, which characterised the particular era. The historical antecedents considerably influenced the situation and role of the institutions as well as the course of their development. Although they had common features but their spatial projections are very dissimilar. In the 19th and 20th century Hungarian history – in the periods of economic integration with the modification of political system and transformation of th

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SADIQLI, AGHAMAHAMMAD. "THE POLICY REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT AND EXPLOITATION OF AZERBAIJAN'S OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY DURING THE SOVIET UNION." History and its problems 3, no. 106 (2024): 199–202. https://doi.org/10.36719/2708-065x/106/199-202.

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The article analyzes the processes of the development of Azerbaijan's oil industry in the 20th century. The role and importance of the development of the oil industry of the last century in the formation of Azerbaijan's modern energy policy is noted. In modern times, Azerbaijan has built its foreign policy on the introduction of energy resources to the world market, energy security and environmental security. The country's geo-economic interests in the South Caucasus are based on using energy resources (both non-renewable and renewable) to increase national income and leverage the country's g

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VIANA, ALEXANDRE GUEDES, and PATRÍCIA HELENA F. CUNHA. "The Swedish model: an alternative to macroeconomic policy." Revista de Economia Política 36, no. 2 (2016): 266–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572016v36n02a02.

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ABSTRACT This paper describes the main details of the Swedish economic model, which began to be structured on the 1930s and achieved its consolidation on the 1950s. The Swedish model is characterized by a macroeconomic policy which provides price stability, fiscal results for selective industrial policies and social active policies, the latter being recognized as a wide universal welfare state. This combination, which contradicts the traditional economic prescriptions, has been successful given the country was agrarian and underdeveloped until the beginni.ng of 20th century and achieved a high

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Zhitko, Anatolij. "Discriminative Economic Policy of the Russian Government Towards the Catholic Nobility of Belarus (Second Half of the 19th Century – the Beginning of the 20th Century)." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 4 (August 2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.4.8.

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Introduction. The upper class of Belarus within the Russian Empire attracted the attention of researchers. However, the restrictive economic policy of the Russian government towards the nobility of the Roman Catholic faith has not been the subject of special study. The aim of the article is to identify the main aspects of the discriminative policy of the autocracy against the Catholic nobility of Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. Methodology. The study is based on the fundamental principles of historical knowledge – historicism, objectivity, value-based approach, a

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Atkinson-Grosjean, Janet, Dawn House, and Donald Fischer. "Canadian Science Policy and the Public Research Organisations in the 20th Century." Science & Technology Studies 14, no. 1 (2001): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55138.

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Across OECD nations, public/private partnerships have recently become popular mechanisms in advancing science and technology policies. But Canada has a long tradition of such partnerships. The federal government was involved in the promotion of relations between public research organisations (PROs) and the private sector as early as the start of the twentieth century. In this paper, we trace the evolution of policies promoting the economic utility of public science in Canada. We then present the National Research Council’s Industrial Research Assistance Program (NRCIRAP) and Industry Canada’s

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Urmanov, Ulug'bek Adkhamjonovich. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION RESETTLED IN TURKESTAN." INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 3, no. 5 (2023): 507–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7939743.

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In the article, as a result of the migration policy of the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, the Russian-speaking and European peoples who moved to Turkistan were located in places with favorable conditions for cattle breeding, horticulture, policing, and farming, and economic benefits were given to the immigrants. data on the socio-economic life of immigrants with the local population were analyzed.

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Omercic, Jasmin. "Waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 20th and 21st Century." ICR Journal 8, no. 3 (2017): 342–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v8i3.179.

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This paper investigates the socio-economic role of waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 20th century to date. Bosnia and Herzegovina waqf endured through various political fortunes and improved the social and economic circumstances of Muslims. A contemporary challenge is to reconstruct this waqf. A new development is the emergence of Islamic Economics. Since 1995, the Waqf Directorate of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina (WD-ICBIH), the main authority over waqf, initiated reforms to revive the socio-economic role of waqf and integrate it into Bosnia and Herzegovina development

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Nurulita, Ainaya Fatimah, and Tusta Citta Ihtisan Tri Prasidya. "Combating Climate Changes Through Fiscal Policies in Developed World: Key Insights for Indonesia from Scandinavian Green Tax Scheme." Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting 6, no. 1 (2025): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.61194/ijtc.v6i1.1613.

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Climate change remains a pressing global issue, necessitating innovative fiscal policies to mitigate its impact. Green taxation, first conceptualized by Pigou in the 20th century, has emerged as a pivotal tool in encouraging sustainable practices while penalizing environmental degradation. This study examines the implementation of green tax policies in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, highlighting their success in reducing emissions and fostering renewable energy adoption. Drawing lessons from these Scandinavian models, the research explores how Indonesia can tailor similar strategies to strengthe

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Rahman, Sayedur, and Shammi Akter. "India - Nepal Foreign Relations in the Context of Economics: Late 20th- Early 21st Century." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 6, no. 2 (2023): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v6i2.60257.

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In the context of the economy, India's foreign policy toward Nepal is defined by a complicated mix of cooperation and rivalry, with both nations attempting to strike a balance between their different interests while navigating a variety of political, economic, and strategic problems. Through a number of initiatives over the past few years, including the extension of a line of credit to support infrastructure development, the creation of an India-Nepal Joint Economic Commission, and the promotion of cross-border trade and investment, India has sought to deepen its economic ties with Nepal. Thes

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Diakov, Nikolai. "Islam in the Colonial Policy of France: from the Origins to the Fifth Republic." ISTORIYA 12, no. 5 (103) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015901-0.

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History of relations between France and the Islamic world goes back to the first centuries of Hijra, when the Franks first faced the Caliphate and its troops in the Eastern and Western Mediterranean. On the eve of the New times Paris had already developed its numerous contacts with Turkey, Iran and the Arab West — the Maghreb area. The conquest of Algeria (from 1830) formed a basis of the French colonial empire in Africa and Asia with the growing role of Islam in political activities and ambitions of Paris. Millions of Muslims in French colonies contributed to growth of political and economic

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Ebeling, Richard M. "The 'Other' Ludwig von Mises: Economic Policy Advocate in an Interventionist World." New Perspectives on Political Economy 08, no. 1-2 (2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.62374/2pxefx07.

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Ludwig von Mises was most likely the most uncompromising advocate of free market liberalism in the 20th century. But while he is most famous for his theoretical treatises on various aspects of economic theory and political economy, he made his living in the Austria of the interwar period as a senior economic analyst for the Vienna Chamber of Commerce. In this capacity, Mises attempted to construct economic policy proposals that accepted the political constraints of the time, while moving monetary, fiscal, and regulatory policies in a direction more consistent with the classical liberal ideal o

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Drobotiuk, O. "INFLUENCE OF WESTERN ECONOMIC THOUGHT ON CHINESE ECONOMIC POLICY: LATTER HALF OF THE 20TH – EARLY 21ST CENTURY." Chinese Studies, no. 2 (2023): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51198/chinesest2023.02.080.

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Sokolova, E. N., and I. L. Yakushev. "Global Analysis of Modern Economic Sanctions." Federalism 28, no. 4 (2023): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-4-110-125.

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Economic sanctions are an integral part of the foreign policy repertoire of States. Increasingly, States and international organizations are resorting to sanctions to address a variety of issues - from fighting corruption to preventing the use of nuclear weapons. Over time, the ways in which economic sanctions have been used have changed, especially over the past two decades. In the late 1990s, the recognition of the humanitarian harm of economic sanctions and the “War on Terrorism” after the events of September 11, 2001 led to serious changes in the structure and mechanisms of their applicati

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Jamoliddinov, Temur. "Emerging Communist Ideology and Ideas in The Press and Artistic Literature in Turkestan in The 20s-30s Of The 20th Century." Jurnal ISO: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora 4, no. 1 (2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53697/iso.v4i1.1772.

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This article describes the events of the 20s and 30s of the 20th century in Turkestan during the Bolshevik invasion, the policy of Vladimir Lenin and Stalin. The deplorable condition of ideological, political, religious, socio-economic, educational, scientific, cultural, women's issues, and the shortcomings of the press and fiction literature are discussed as well.

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Navas-Carrillo, Daniel, Javier Ostos-Prieto, and Juan-Andrés Rodríguez-Lora. "Housing policy in Spain between 1939 and 1976." HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 18, no. 2 (2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v18.4869.

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The research focuses on the study of public housing built in response to the urgent housing needs in Europe throughout the 20th century. These developments share many of the characteristics of their European counterparts. The Spanish case presents certain peculiarities in its development. The research aims to analyse the context -social, economic and political- that conditioned the massive construction of housing in Spain between 1939 and 1976. An analysis is made of the approved urban planning legislation, housing regulation and the identification of the responsible bodies.

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Navas-Carrillo, Daniel, Javier Ostos-Prieto, and Juan-Andrés Rodríguez-Lora. "Housing policy in Spain between 1939 and 1976." HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional De Humanidades 18, no. 2 (2023): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.37819/revhuman.v18i2.1624.

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The research focuses on the study of public housing built in response to the urgent housing needs in Europe throughout the 20th century. These developments share many of the characteristics of their European counterparts. The Spanish case presents certain peculiarities in its development. The research aims to analyse the context -social, economic and political- that conditioned the massive construction of housing in Spain between 1939 and 1976. An analysis is made of the approved urban planning legislation, housing regulation and the identification of the responsible bodies.

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Kadochnikov, D. "International Coordination of Financial and Economic Policy: Gustav Cassels Theoretical Contribution." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2012): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-1-51-64.

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Gustav Cassel (1866-1945) developed a number of original ideas in the field of international finance, which may prove to be relevant today. These ideas, however, were largely forgotten or remained unnoticed in the second half of the 20th century. To a large extent this is due to the fact that Cassels theoretical framework was fragmented, while one of the key elements of his argumentation - the purchasing power parity concept - was taken out of the context and misinterpreted. The papers aim is to restore and demonstrate Cassels vision of the goals and significance of the international coordinat

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Deryugina, I. V. "THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN AGRICULTURAL EVOLUTION AT THE TURN OF THE 19TH–20TH CENTURIES." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 1 (11) (2020): 240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-1-240-254.

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The paper explores the evolution of agriculture in Kazakhstan during its accession to the Russian Empire. At this time, two independent sectors were established in the uniform agricultural mechanism of Kazakhstan: The arable farming, which developed due to the colonization policy of the Russian government, and the livestock sector, based on the traditional cattle breeding, originating in Kazakh steppe. The focus of the research is specifically determined by the fact that the agrarian reforms in Kazakhstan in the 21st century are based on the coexistence of these two independent sectors in agri

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OBINGER, HERBERT, STEPHAN LEIBFRIED, CLAUDIA BOGEDAN, EDITH GINDULIS, JULIA MOSER, and PETER STARKE. "8 Welfare state transformation in small open economies." European Review 13, S1 (2005): 161–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798705000244.

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We examine whether a fundamental change in the core dimension of modern 20th century statehood, the welfare state, has become evident in response to changed exogenous and endogenous challenges. By combining quantitative and qualitative approaches we take stock of social policy development in four advanced welfare states – Austria, Denmark, New Zealand and Switzerland – over the last 30 years. Neither spending patterns nor structural changes support a ‘race to the bottom thesis’, according to which the changed environment of welfare state policies has led to a downward spiral in benefit provisi

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Kalinowska, Katarzyna. "Gospodarka na dopingu, czyli jak wywołać kryzys finansowy gospodarki." Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii 31, no. 2 (2012): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1429-3730.31.04.

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The aim of this paper is empirical analysis of the Austrian theory which points that a monetary shock disturbs relative prices, such as the term structure of interest rates and leads to economic breakdown. Empirical evidence on Austrian Business Cycle is based on some economic crisises from 19th, 20th and 21st century. The paper also points out other than central bank`s monetary policy factors which affect the level of market interest rates.

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Basovskiy, Leonid, and Elena Basovskaya. "Subjects of the Development of Systemic Economic Crises: Lessons from the 20th Century." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 11, no. 4 (2023): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2023-11-4-8-12.

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The paper attempts to identify the main subjects that contribute to the development of systemic economic crises that occur with the periodicity of N. Kondratiev’s cycles. Catastrophe theory approaches were used to assess the sustainability of economic growth. Econometric models of stable and unstable relationships between economic growth rates and growth rates of personal consumption of the population, government spending and investment were tested. Unstable connections were modeled in the form of equations of the elementary theory of catastrophes. At the same time, models of stable links and

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Artamonova, L. N. "POST-KEYNESIANISM: EVOLUTION OF KEYNESIAN MACROECONOMICS IN THE 20TH CENTURY." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 6(51) (December 28, 2016): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-6-51-106-114.

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The article analyzes the development of J.M. Keynes's theory in the second half of the twentieth century due to the works within the new direction of economical science - Post-Keynesianism. It is shown that in free-market economy Keynesian school based of the original Keynesian methodology requires additional studies of state regulation principles and take into account the qualitative changes in the market mechanisms. It is shown that post-Keynesianism has had a significant impact on the subject of research and has taken into account the principles of free enterprise, market pricing, level of

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