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Journal articles on the topic 'Densification verticale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 May 2024

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1

Arpit Kumbhar and Dr. Ajay Radke. "Vertical Extension and Retrofitting of the Existing R.C.C. Commercial Building – A review." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 03 (2024): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0081.

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This study explores the feasibility of vertically extension of existing buildings as a sustainable solution to urban densification, particularly focusing on the structural implications and potential benefits of such extensions. Through structural analysis using advanced software like ETAB, and SAFE. as well as examination of cost-effectiveness, the research evaluates the viability of vertical extensions in different contexts. Case studies from various regions, illustrate the technical challenges and benefits associated with vertical extension projects. The analysis encompasses considerations s

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Douša, Jan, and Pavel Václavovic. "Results of GPS reprocessing campaign (1996-2011) provided by Geodetic observatory Pecný." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 9 (December 22, 2012): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.9.7.

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The paper presents the GOP first reprocessing results, which officially contributed to the EPN-repro1 project. It also describes the 15-year GOP cumulative solution providing station coordinates, velocities and their discontinuities over the period of 1996-2011. Repeatabilities estimated from cleaned long-term coordinate time-series reached 1-2 mm and 4-6 mm in horizontal and vertical component, respectively. We then showed the exploitation of GOP reprocessing results in the assessment of the EUREF ITRF2005 densification and the latest ITRS realization, ITRF2008. We identified and confirmed th

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Zheng, Siqi. "Feasibility study on infilling of horizontal wells with difficult to recover reserves in Fuyu reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 329 (2021): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132901042.

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Aiming at the inter well drive immobile remaining oil in Fuyu oil layer of block 1 due to the non densification of surface village coverage, taking into account the undeveloped reserves that can not be produced by vertical wells due to being located in the wetland protection area along the river, the feasibility study of layered densification of horizontal wells in the main oil layer with good reservoir development is carried out to explore a new densification mode of horizontal wells in Fuyu tight oil reservoir.

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Zhong, Ji Xiang. "Subgrade Compaction Boundary Layer Detection Method and Detection System." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1259.

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At present, the degree of compaction is the main criterion for subgrade compaction quality.It is the relative expression of the compacted density,Just average.It does not adequately reflect the subgrade compaction layer vertical compaction density distribution law. Compaction boundary layer micro-unit compression pressure on in the process of pressure transmission decreases gradually until they reach the critical formation pressure dense layer. Compaction by detecting the boundary layer vertical zone layer densification, to calculate the boundary thickness, to draw isodense of densification. a

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Denies, N., J. Canou, J. N. Roux, and A. Holeyman. "Vibrocompaction properties of dry sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 51, no. 4 (2014): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0436.

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The fundamental understanding of the behaviour of dry sand as it is being vibrated is necessary to properly address a number of engineering issues, such as the vibrocompaction process. The present paper first summarizes experimental works focusing on the effects of vibrations on the volume change of dry cohesionless soils. Original experiments characterizing the behaviour of dry sand subjected to vertical vibration are then presented. The volume change and the motion pattern displayed by vertically vibrated sand particles are discussed. When cohesionless soil, placed in a cylindrical container

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An, Xizhong, Fei Huang, Kejun Dong, and Xiaohong Yang. "DEM simulation of binary sphere packing densification under vertical vibration." Particulate Science and Technology 36, no. 6 (2017): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2017.1292335.

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Mirza Gheitaghy, Amir, René H. Poelma, Leandro Sacco, Sten Vollebregt, and Guo Qi Zhang. "Vertically-Aligned Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tube Pillars with Various Diameters under Compression: Pristine and NbTiN Coated." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (2020): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061189.

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In this paper, the compressive stress of pristine and coated vertically-aligned (VA) multi-walled (MW) carbon nanotube (CNT) pillars were investigated using flat-punch nano-indentation. VA-MWCNT pillars of various diameters (30–150 µm) grown by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition on silicon wafer. A conformal brittle coating of niobium-titanium-nitride with high superconductivity temperature was deposited on the VA-MWCNT pillars using atomic layer deposition. The coating together with the pillars could form a superconductive vertical interconnect. The indentation tests showed foam-like beha

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Solovev, S. A., O. V. Soloveva, I. G. Akhmetova, Y. V. Vankov, and R. Z. Shakurova. "Numerical investigation of the thermal conductivity of a composite heat-insulating material with microgranules." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 24, no. 1 (2022): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-1-86-98.

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THE PURPOSE. To consider the problems that arise when creating a composite heatinsulating material, including a layer of microspherical granules. Numerical modeling of a composite material with different volume content of microspheres and different options for the formation of voids. Determination of the influence of the presence of zones not occupied by microgranules on the insulating properties of the composite material. Determination of the influence of the volume content of microspherical granules on the heat flux through the composite material.METHODS. Numerical simulation was carried out

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Endo, Yasoichi, Yuji Kominami, and Shouji Niwano. "Dependence of new-snow density on slope angle." Annals of Glaciology 26 (1998): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog26-1-14-18.

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The mass per unit horizontal area, vertical height and density of new snow accumulated on various slopes of 0° to 75° were measured. Although the mass of new snow on these slopes was nearly the same, vertical height increased and density decreased with increase of slope angle. Differences in heights and densities of new snow due to slope angle were explained by considering both accumulation and densification processes on the slopes.

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Endo, Yasoichi, Yuji Kominami, and Shouji Niwano. "Dependence of new-snow density on slope angle." Annals of Glaciology 26 (1998): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500014464.

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The mass per unit horizontal area, vertical height and density of new snow accumulated on various slopes of 0° to 75° were measured. Although the mass of new snow on these slopes was nearly the same, vertical height increased and density decreased with increase of slope angle. Differences in heights and densities of new snow due to slope angle were explained by considering both accumulation and densification processes on the slopes.

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11

Sundling, Rikard, Åke Blomsterberg, and Anne Landin. "Enabling energy-efficient renovation: the case of vertical extension to buildings." Construction Innovation 19, no. 1 (2019): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-04-2018-0034.

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Purpose This paper is based on a study of six similar buildings built in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1971, which were in urgent need of renovation. A life cycle profit analysis shows how four competing concepts were evaluated to find a financially viable renovation concept; additionally, the environmental impacts of these renovation concepts using a life cycle assessment are presented. Design/methodology/approach Four renovation concepts are compared to find the most appropriate concept, namely, minimalist, code-compliant, low-energy and low-energy plus vertical extension concepts. The methods used

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12

FUJITA, SHUJI, KUMIKO GOTO-AZUMA, MOTOHIRO HIRABAYASHI, et al. "Densification of layered firn in the ice sheet at Dome Fuji, Antarctica." Journal of Glaciology 62, no. 231 (2016): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.16.

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ABSTRACTIn order to better understand the densification of polar firn, firn cores from the three sites within ~10 km of Dome Fuji, Antarctica, were investigated using surrogates of density: dielectric permittivities εv and εh at microwave frequencies with electrical fields in the vertical and horizontal planes respectively. Dielectric anisotropy Δε (=εv − εh) was then examined as a surrogate of the anisotropic geometry of firn. We find that layered densification is explained as a result of complex effects of two phenomena that commonly occur at the three sites. Basically, layers with initially

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13

Abdelsalam AEH, Ahmed Ehab. "Sustainable Vertical Urbanism as a Design Approach to Change the Future of Hyper Density Cities." Journal of Advance Research in Mechanical & Civil Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2379) 5, no. 7 (2018): 01–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmce.v5i7.300.

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This paper focuses on introducing Sustainable Vertical Urbanism (SVU) as an approach for designing hybrid buildings and upgrading the public realm, making full use of the vertical dimension in hyper density cities. Mixed use tall buildings offer greater potential for contributing to the city economy, vitality and public interaction, compared to closed single-use glassy towers. Mixed use buildings bring new challenges in planning, morphology and technology. Unusual functions can be included in tall buildings such as vertical education , vertical public realm, vertical health care and vertical f

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S. O, Oladosu, and Ehigiator-Irughe R. "ASSESSMENT OF 3D POSITIONAL ACCURACY OF GEODETIC OBSERVATIONS FROM SINGLE CORS." Geological Behavior 6, no. 2 (2022): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2022.101.106.

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Geodetic observations for both vertical and horizontal control networks cannot be compromised for any reason in accuracy and precision in the field of geomatics. Due to the error-prone nature of survey measurements, standards are established to allow for comparing the obtained results with a set of guidelines, regulations, or pre-determined specifications. The University of Benin’s Ugbowo Campus in Nigeria does not have enough control points, which informs this study. The densification of more reliable control points using the most recent technology is necessary. Before the observations, contr

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Koziatek, O., S. Dragićević, and S. Li. "GEOSPATIAL MODELLING APPROACH FOR 3D URBAN DENSIFICATION DEVELOPMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-349-2016.

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With growing populations, economic pressures, and the need for sustainable practices, many urban regions are rapidly densifying developments in the vertical built dimension with mid- and high-rise buildings. The location of these buildings can be projected based on key factors that are attractive to urban planners, developers, and potential buyers. Current research in this area includes various modelling approaches, such as cellular automata and agent-based modelling, but the results are mostly linked to raster grids as the smallest spatial units that operate in two spatial dimensions. Therefo

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Koziatek, O., S. Dragićević, and S. Li. "GEOSPATIAL MODELLING APPROACH FOR 3D URBAN DENSIFICATION DEVELOPMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-349-2016.

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With growing populations, economic pressures, and the need for sustainable practices, many urban regions are rapidly densifying developments in the vertical built dimension with mid- and high-rise buildings. The location of these buildings can be projected based on key factors that are attractive to urban planners, developers, and potential buyers. Current research in this area includes various modelling approaches, such as cellular automata and agent-based modelling, but the results are mostly linked to raster grids as the smallest spatial units that operate in two spatial dimensions. Therefo

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17

Palusci, Olga, and Carlo Cecere. "Urban Ventilation in the Compact City: A Critical Review and a Multidisciplinary Methodology for Improving Sustainability and Resilience in Urban Areas." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (2022): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073948.

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In the last decades, a tendency towards urban tissue densification has been observed to counteract the urban sprawl. Densification may be achieved through more compact built areas, preferring the vertical to the horizontal development of buildings but avoiding bulky high-rise building blocks. This strategy significantly affects several aspects of the microclimate and produces direct and indirect effects on human health and well-being. In this regard, air pollution and heat stress constitute two increasing threats to human health and well-being that need to be faced immediately. The involved ph

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Jaszak, Przemysław, Rafał Grzejda, Janusz Kluczyński, and Paweł Zmarzły. "Basic Design Parameters Influencing on Axial Stiffness of the Spiral Wound Gasket." Materials 16, no. 18 (2023): 6209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186209.

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The article presents the influence of important design parameters of a spiral gasket on axial stiffness and leakage level. These parameters were the angle of inclination of the central part of the spiral section, the length of the vertical part of the spiral section, and the degree of densification of the material filling the metal coils. The scope of work was divided into two stages. In the first, experimental tests were conducted to determine the stiffness and tightness of a standard spiral gasket at two extreme levels of densification of the filler material, and the elastic–plastic properti

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19

Argenziano, M., D. Faiella, F. Bruni, C. De Angelis, M. Fraldi, and E. Mele. "Upwards - Vertical extensions of masonry built heritage for sustainable and antifragile urban densification." Journal of Building Engineering 44 (December 2021): 102885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102885.

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20

Salonen, Tarja, Jutta Hollands, Eldira Sesto, and Azra Korjenic. "Thermal Effects of Vertical Greening in Summer: An Investigation on Evapotranspiration and Shading of Façade Greening in Vienna." Buildings 12, no. 10 (2022): 1705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101705.

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Global urbanization is advancing, and with it, the densification of cities. Due to increased sealing of open spaces and the re-densification of existing urban settings, green spaces in the city are becoming scarcer. At the same time, greening within the urban fabric is known for its positive effects on the environment and decisively counteracts the urban heat effect. This study deals with the benefits of green façades for the environment as a cooling measure. Two façade greening systems, one trough and one cassette system, consisting of curtain wall elements with a basic metal structure, insta

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21

Bell, Christina, Douglas Mair, David Burgess, et al. "Spatial and temporal variability in the snowpack of a High Arctic ice cap: implications for mass-change measurements." Annals of Glaciology 48 (2008): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756408784700725.

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AbstractInterpretation of ice mass elevation changes observed by satellite altimetry demands quantification of the proportion of elevation change which is attributable to variations in firn densification. Detailed stratigraphic logging of snowpack structure and density was carried out at ~1km intervals along a 47 km transect on Devon Ice Cap, Canada, in spring (pre-melt) and autumn (during/ after melt) 2004 and 2006 to characterize seasonal snowpack variability across the full range of snow facies. Simultaneous meteorological measurements were gathered. Spring (pre-melt) snowpacks show low var

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22

Wang, Ren, Kai Liu, Wanzhong Shi, et al. "Reservoir Densification, Pressure Evolution, and Natural Gas Accumulation in the Upper Paleozoic Tight Sandstones in the North Ordos Basin, China." Energies 15, no. 6 (2022): 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15061990.

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The vague understanding of the coupling relationship among natural gas charging, reservoir densification, and pressure evolution restricted the tight gas exploration in the Lower Shihezi Formation of the Hangjinqi area, north Ordos Basin. In this study, the quantitative porosity evolution model, the pressure evolution process, and the natural gas charging history of tight sandstone reservoirs were constructed by integrated investigation of the reservoir property, the thin section, SEM and cathode luminescence observations, the fluid inclusion analysis and the 1D basin modeling. The results sho

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Bukreev, V. I., and A. V. Gusev. "The effect of densification during mixing on the spreading of a vertical round jet." Doklady Earth Sciences 439, no. 1 (2011): 1002–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028334x11070130.

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Marcato, Marilia Bassetti, Esther Dweck, and Rafael Montanha. "The densification of Chinese production chains in the context of vertically fragmented production." Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 60 (March 2022): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2021.11.004.

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Wang, Xiaoxia, Rongxian Zhu, Wencheng Lei, Qiupeng Su, and Wenji Yu. "The Optimization of Thermo-Mechanical Densification to Improve the Water Resistance of Outdoor Bamboo Scrimber." Forests 14, no. 4 (2023): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14040749.

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The water resistance of bamboo scrimber used in outdoor environments greatly affects its applications and lifecycle. Physical and chemical studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of the hot-pressing temperature during thermo-mechanical densification on the water resistance of outdoor bamboo scrimber. Investigated parameters included the failure mode of surfaces, the vertical density profile, and the change of chemical components, which provides theoretical support for optimizing bamboo scrimber for outdoor applications. Here, the vertical density profiles of bamboo scrimber we

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Chu, Demiao, Jun Mu, Stavros Avramidis, Sohrab Rahimi, Shengquan Liu, and Zongyuan Lai. "Functionalized Surface Layer on Poplar Wood Fabricated by Fire Retardant and Thermal Densification. Part 1: Compression Recovery and Flammability." Forests 10, no. 11 (2019): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10110955.

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To enhance compression stability and fire retardancy of densified wood, a new modification method i.e., combined nitrogen–phosphorus (NP) fire retardant pre-impregnation with surface thermo-mechanical densification is used to fabricate a certain thickness of functionalized surface layer on poplar. This combined treated wood is investigated via vertical density profile (VDP), and the compression stability is revealed by both soaking test and cone analysis. Results demonstrate that the combined treatment hardened the surface of wood and reformed the interface combination of the NP with the wood

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Laukala, Teija, Johanna Lyytikäinen, Katriina Mielonen, and Kaj Backfolk. "Effect of PCC crystallization and morphology on flocculation with microfibrillated cellulose, on sheet densification and liquid absorption behavior." Cellulose 27, no. 17 (2020): 10151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03458-2.

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Abstract Composite sheets consisting of elongated and aggregated cationically charged precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and native microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) were prepared with a wet laying method. The furnishes were prepared with and without an anionic flocculating agent (polyacrylamide) in order to adjust the structure of the sheet. The samples were compressed (densified) in order to determine the particle and microfibrillated cellulose-PCC structure coalescence and densification, as well as its subsequent influence on liquid absorption behavior. The densification affected both the

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Inoue, Ryo, Shuji Fujita, Kenji Kawamura, et al. "Spatial distribution of vertical density and microstructure profiles in near-surface firn around Dome Fuji, Antarctica." Cryosphere 18, no. 1 (2024): 425–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-425-2024.

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Abstract. To better understand the near-surface evolution of polar firn in low-accumulation areas (<30 mm w.e. yr−1), we investigated the physical properties – density, microstructural anisotropy of ice matrix and pore space, and specific surface area (SSA) – of six firn cores collected within 60 km of Dome Fuji, East Antarctica. The physical properties were measured at intervals of ≤0.02 m over the top 10 m of the cores. The main findings are (i) a lack of significant density increase in the top ∼4 m, (ii) lower mean density near the dome summit (∼330 kg m−3) than in the surrounding slope

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Hanna, Adel, and Ashraf Ghaly. "Ultimate pullout resistance of groups of vertical anchors." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 5 (1994): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-079.

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A theoretical investigation on the group action of vertical screw anchors installed in sands is presented. An experimentally observed rupture surface for single anchors was employed to establish the shape of the rupture surface for groups of anchors. A theory was developed to predict the uplift capacity of groups of anchors with different configurations utilizing the theoretical model described in a companion paper. To calculate the uplift capacity, weight and shear factors for shallow and deep groups of anchors are established. These factors are presented as functions of the angle of shearing

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Vuckovic, Loibl, Tötzer, and Stollnberger. "Potential of Urban Densification to Mitigate the Effects of Heat Island in Vienna, Austria." Environments 6, no. 7 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6070082.

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Global increase of urban population has brought about a growing demand for more dwelling space, resulting in various negative impacts, such as accelerated urbanization, urban sprawl and higher carbon footprints. To cope with these growth dynamics, city authorities are urged to consider alternative planning strategies aiming at mitigating the negative implications of urbanization. In this context, the present contribution investigates the potential of urban densification to mitigate the heat island effects and to improve outdoor thermal conditions. Focusing on a quite densely urbanized district

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Criss, Robert, and Anne Hofmeister. "Galactic Density and Evolution Based on the Virial Theorem, Energy Minimization, and Conservation of Angular Momentum." Galaxies 6, no. 4 (2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040115.

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Spiral galaxies are spinning, internally densified objects. The Virial Theorem explains galactic rotation curves via its linkage of the rotation rate to the gravitational self-potential (Ug) and the moment of inertia of oblate spheroids. We devise a new analytical solution that allows galactic mass and volumetric density (kg m−3) profiles to be extracted from velocity and its derivative as functions of equatorial radius. This inverse model of rotation curves is direct, unambiguous, and parameter-free. To probe galactic evolution, we combine energy minimization, angular momentum conservation, a

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Fujita, Shuji, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Kumiko Goto-Azuma, et al. "Densification of layered firn of the ice sheet at NEEM, Greenland." Journal of Glaciology 60, no. 223 (2014): 905–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014jog14j006.

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AbstractDensification of firn at the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) camp is investigated using density surrogates: dielectric permittivities ∊v and ∊h at microwave frequencies with electrical fields in the vertical and horizontal planes, respectively. Dielectric anisotropy Δ∊ (= ∊v − ∊h) is then examined as a surrogate for the anisotropic geometry of firn. Its size, fluctuations and mutual correlations are investigated in samples taken at depths from the surface to ~90 m. The initial Δ∊ of ~0.06 appears within the uppermost 0.2 m. After that, Δ∊ decreases rapidly until 21–26 m dept

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Jiang, Yingqi, and Liwei Lin. "A two-stage, self-aligned vertical densification process for as-grown CNT forests in supercapacitor applications." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 188 (December 2012): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2012.04.012.

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GENERALOV, Viktor P., and Elena M. GENERALOVA. "PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS TYPOLOGY FUTURE CITY." Urban construction and architecture 5, no. 1 (2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2015.01.2.

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The current questions of prospects of modern cities development are viewed in the light of steady growth of population and urbanization connected with enhancement of cities role in social development. The problem of urban densification and the prospectivity of large cities vertical growth are considered. China practice is analyzed because this state is acknowledged global leader in the matter of high-rise building and its achievements can be useful for the Russian Federation. The article concerns activities of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) researching high-rise buildi

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Belart, Joaquín M. C., Etienne Berthier, Eyjólfur Magnússon, et al. "Winter mass balance of Drangajökull ice cap (NW Iceland) derived from satellite sub-meter stereo images." Cryosphere 11, no. 3 (2017): 1501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1501-2017.

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Abstract. Sub-meter resolution, stereoscopic satellite images allow for the generation of accurate and high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) over glaciers and ice caps. Here, repeated stereo images of Drangajökull ice cap (NW Iceland) from Pléiades and WorldView2 (WV2) are combined with in situ estimates of snow density and densification of firn and fresh snow to provide the first estimates of the glacier-wide geodetic winter mass balance obtained from satellite imagery. Statistics in snow- and ice-free areas reveal similar vertical relative accuracy (< 0.5 m) with and without gro

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Larson, Kristine M., John Wahr, and Peter Kuipers Munneke. "Constraints on snow accumulation and firn density in Greenland using GPS receivers." Journal of Glaciology 61, no. 225 (2015): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2015jog14j130.

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AbstractData from three continuously operating GPS sites located in the interior of the Greenland ice sheet are analyzed. Traditionally these kinds of GPS installations (where the GPS antenna is placed on a pole deployed into the firn) are used to estimate the local horizontal speed and direction of the ice sheet. However, these data are also sensitive to the vertical displacement of the pole as it moves through the firn layer. A new method developed to measure snow depth variations with reflected GPS signals is applied to these GPS data from Greenland. This method provides a constraint on the

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Kasajima, Y., and T. Johannessen. "Role of cabbeling in water densification in the Greenland Basin." Ocean Science Discussions 5, no. 3 (2008): 507–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-507-2008.

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Abstract. The contribution of cabbeling mixing to water mass modification in the Greenland Sea was explored from hydrographic observation across the Greenland Basin in summer 2006. Neutral surface was chosen as a reference frame, and the strength of cabbeling mixing was determined by the dianeutral velocity magnitude. Water types in the area were classified into North Atlantic Water (NAW), modified North Atlantic Water (mNAW), water from Barents Sea near Bear Island (BIW), Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) and Deep Water (DW), and significant cabbeling-induced velocity (>1 m/day) appeared at

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Eyvazian, Arameh, Hozhabr Mozafari, Faris Tarlochan, and Abdel Magid S. Hamouda. "Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Corrugation Geometry for Metallic Tubes under Lateral Loading." Materials Science Forum 916 (March 2018): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.916.226.

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Energy absorption devices are being used to protect structures from severe damages and reduce injury to occupants during accidents. The integrated characteristics of crash absorption devices can be classified as high energy absorption capacity, light-weight, and cost-effective. One of the thin-walled structures which has drawn the attention of scientists is corrugated tube structure. In this paper, the effect of corrugation geometry on the crushing parameters of an aluminum corrugated tube is investigated. In this regard, different elliptical corrugation shapes were deemed and the compression

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Richert, Claudia, Yijuan Wu, Murilo Hablitzel, Erica T. Lilleodden, and Norbert Huber. "Image segmentation and analysis for densification mapping of nanoporous gold after nanoindentation." MRS Advances 6, no. 20 (2021): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00099-w.

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AbstractSegmentation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of focused ion beam (FIB) cross-sections through indented regions in nanoporous gold (np-Au) is carried out. A key challenge for image analysis of open porous materials is the appropriate binarization of the pore and gold ligament regions while excluding material lying below the cross-sectional plane. Here, a manual approach to thresholding is compared to global and local approaches. The global thresholding resulted in excessive deviations from the nominal solid fraction, due to a strong gray-scale gradient caused by the tilt an

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Shalbafan, Ali, and Heiko Thoemen. "Influence of Pressing Schedule and Adhesive Content on the Rheological Behavior of Wood Fiber-Furnish Mats." Materials 15, no. 4 (2022): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041413.

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In this study, for a better understanding of the hot-pressing process, the influence of adhesive content (AC) on various features of a typical pressing schedule for medium-density fiberboard (MDF) production, including fiber mat compressibility, heat transfer during hot-pressing, density profile and board properties, were evaluated. It was found that increasing the AC (urea formaldehyde) leads to faster heat transfer towards the mat’s central plane, mainly due to higher heat release from the adhesive polycondensation reaction. Moreover, the results indicate that the time needed to reach the cr

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Houde, Jean-François, Peter Newberry, and Katja Seim. "Nexus Tax Laws and Economies of Density in E‐Commerce: A Study of Amazon's Fulfillment Center Network." Econometrica 91, no. 1 (2023): 147–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta15265.

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We quantify the distortionary effects of nexus tax laws on Amazon's distribution network investments between 1999 and 2018. We highlight the role of two features of the expansion of Amazon's network: densification of the network of distribution facilities and vertical integration into package sortation. Densification results in a reduction in the cost of shipping orders, but comes at the expense of higher facility operating costs in more expensive areas and lower scale economies of processing shipments. Nexus laws furthermore generate additional sales tax liabilities as the network grows. Comb

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Dind, Aleksis, Sophie Lufkin, and Emmanuel Rey. "A Modular Timber Construction System for the Sustainable Vertical Extension of Office Buildings." Designs 2, no. 3 (2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2030030.

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Most European cities are facing urban densification issues. In this context, a solution to create usable spaces without additional pressure on land consists in the vertical extension of existing buildings. Given their abundance in the building stock, tertiary buildings offer an important potential. The paper introduces the Working Space project, which aims to develop an innovative, modular and prefabricated timber construction system adapted to the vertical extension of existing office buildings. The dimensions of the system can be adjusted to a great variety of structural grids and allows for

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Gil-Plazas, Andres-Fernando, Julián-David Rubiano-Buitrago, Luis-Alejandro Boyacá-Mendivelso, and Liz-Karen Herrera-Quintero. "Solid-State and Super Solidus Liquid Phase Sintering of 4340 Steel SLM Powders Shaped by Fused Filament Fabrication." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería 31, no. 60 (2022): e13913. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v31.n60.2022.13913.

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4340 steel powders were processed with an additive manufacturing process using the FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) technique. A composite filament was developed to print samples and study the effect of the bed and nozzle temperatures on its physical and microstructural properties. The printed samples were debinded and sintered by: Solid State (SS) at 1300 °C or SLPS (Supersolidus Liquid Phase Sintering) at 1420 °C. Metallography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identified the microstructure and phases. The hardness of the sintered samples was measured with the Vickers method. The SLPS p

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Ou, Hui Bin, Mohamed Sahli, Thierry Barrière, and Jean Claude Gelin. "Modeling, Identification and Simulation of the Sintering Stage for Micro-Bi-Material Components." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.726.

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This paper investigates the numerical simulation of the sintering stage by solid state diffusion during the metal injection molding process for micro-bi-material component based on a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model. The physical parameters concerning very fine 316L stainless steel and copper powders with high volume loading contents involved in the sintering model have been identified in order to set up finite element simulations. The experimental tests have been carried out in a vertical dilatometer and the identification of the material parameters have been carried out with Matlab® platform

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Hadi, Mohamed Saad, and Haider M. Mekkiyah. "The Behavior of the Al-Kadhim Minaret during Earthquakes: A Virtual Study." Journal of Engineering 29, no. 1 (2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.01.01.

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The study focuses on the causes of minaret tilting as well as possible solutions. The major aims of this study are to improve knowledge of historical tall structure stability and rehabilitation operations using the finite element approach to model the soil and minaret (PLAXIS 3D 2020), a platform for computational soil investigation and modeling. The numerical analysis aims to identify stresses, settlement, and deformation of the soil and minaret in various scenarios like Earthquakes, explosions, and winds. The simulation of the problem by the PLAXIS 3D revealed that the greatest lateral displ

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Guo, Youlin, Xiaocong Cai, and Meixiang Gu. "Bearing Capacity and Deformation of the Tandem Compound Piles Improved Foundation: A Parametric Study." Materials 16, no. 17 (2023): 5737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16175737.

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The tandem compound piles are a combination of a granular column in the deep section and a concrete pile in the shallow section. This method effectively utilizes the consolidation and densification effects of the granular column, as well as the cementation strength of the concrete material. The granular column acts as a consolidation path, aiding in the densification of the surrounding soil. On the other hand, the concrete pile prevents the bulging deformation that commonly happens in granular columns during field construction. To study the bearing capacity and deformation of the improved foun

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Kitazume, Masaki, Akihiko Takahashi, Kenji Harada, and Naotoshi Shinkawa. "New type sand compaction pile method for densification of liquefiable ground underneath existing structure." Journal of Geo-Engineering Sciences 3, no. 1 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jgs-150032.

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The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake caused severe damage to infrastructures due to liquefaction, in which many embankments failed with large settlement and slope failure. Sand Compaction Pile method is one of the typical ground improvement methods to densify the ground by installing compacted sand piles into ground. This method has been often applied to mitigate the liquefaction. However, current SCP method of constructing sand piles in vertical direction is not able to densify ground underneath an existing structure. For applying the method to an existing structure, a new type of SCP method

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Leif Kullman. "Recent spruce (Picea abies) treeline ecotonal progression since the late1980s in the Swedish Scandes-a repeat photographic narration and analysis." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 4, no. 1 (2021): 067–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.4.1.0189.

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This study reports a case of climate-mediated transformation and physiognomic progression of the Norway spruce (Picea abies) treeline ecotone since the mid-1990s in the Swedish Scandes. The methods include repeat photography and foliation estimates of old-established clonal spruces. An air and soil temperature nadir by the 1980s had caused extensive needle and shoot mortality, evident at the landscape-scale. Subsequent winter and summer temperature rises induced a striking canopy recovery, including densification and vertical growth. Release from low soil temperature stress appears as instrume

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Prakash, Aniket, Diksha, and Amit Kumar. "Measuring Vertical Urban Growth of Patna Urban Agglomeration Using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry SAR (PSInSAR) Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (2023): 3687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143687.

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In the present study, the vertical and horizontal growth of Patna Urban Agglomeration was evaluated using the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR) technique during 2015–2018. The vertical urban growth assessment of the city landscape was assessed using microwave time series (30 temporal) datasets of Single Look Complex (SLC) Sentinel-1A interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar using SARPROZ software (ver. 2020). This study demonstrated that peripheral city regions experienced higher vertical growth (~4 m year−1) compared to the city core regions, owing to high

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Hulbe, Christina L., and Ian M. Whillans. "A method for determining ice-thickness change at remote locations using GPS." Annals of Glaciology 20 (1994): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog20-1-263-268.

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Ice-thickness changes at remote locations on ice sheets can be determined by means of precise Global Positioning System (GPS) surveys with interferometric solutions. Remote sites are precisely surveyed relative to GPS receivers on rock. Repeat observations of the position of a remote site provide its vertical velocity. The difference between this velocity and accumulation rate is an indicator of change in ice-sheet thickness. Allowance must be made for the movement of survey markers due to firn compaction and down-slope ice motion, To allow for firn compaction, very long- poles arc placed to a

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