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Journal articles on the topic 'Dental anthropology Dental anthropology Teeth'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Sperber, Geoffrey H. "The Genetics of Odontogenesis: Implications in Dental Anthropology and Palæo-Odontology." Dental Anthropology Journal 17, no. 1 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v17i1.138.

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Palaeoanthropology and forensic odontology rely significantly upon detailed dental morphology that is ultimately the phenotypic expression of the underlying genotype and developmental phenomena. Odontogenesis is the consequence of a complex series of molecular interactions controlled by epigenetic signals acting on embryonic epithelial-mesenchymal tissues of ectodermal, neural crest and mesodermal origin. Of the estimated 24,847 genes of the human genome (Pearson, 2003) some 200 or more genes have been directly or indirectly involved in tooth development (http://bite-it.helsinki.fi). The loci of these genes on the 22 pairs of autosomes and the pair of sex chromosomes are being identified by their mutations that give rise to phenotypic dental abnormalities. The sequential cascades of stages from initiation through the bud, cap, bell, mineralization, root formation and eruption of teeth are all under genetic control but subject to environmental influences. Identification of specific genes with clinical phenotypes provides invaluable clues to familial, racial and evolutionary affinities, all of jurisprudential, heredity and evolutionary significance to odontologists. Combining the genetics of odontogenesis with forensic evidence and palaeoanthropological fossil data provides an unparalled source of information on heredity, environmental and evolutionary events through teeth, the most durable of all biological structures after death. It is paradoxical that teeth are most susceptible to decay during life, but postmortem are the last structures to disintegrate. Teeth truly tell tales of the living and the dead.

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2

Kageyama, Ikuo, and Shintaro Kondo. "Introduction to the Proceedings of the Symposium, “Deciduous Teeth in Dental Anthropology”." Anthropological Science 110, no. 4 (2002): 333–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1537/ase.110.333.

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3

Spencer, Mark. "Dental functional morphology: How teeth work." American Journal of Human Biology 17, no. 3 (2005): 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.20115.

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4

Pietrusewsky, Michael. "The anthropology of modern human teeth: Dental morphology and its variation in recent human populations." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 106, no. 1 (1998): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199805)106:1<101::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-v.

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5

Robb, N. D., E. Cruwys, and B. G. N. Smith. "Is “Lingual surface attrition of the maxillary teeth (LSAMAT)” caused by dental erosion?" American Journal of Physical Anthropology 85, no. 3 (1991): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330850315.

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6

Yanko, Nataliia Valentinovna, Andrij Vladislavovich Artemyev, and Lyudmyla Fedorivna Kaskova. "Dental health indicators of the Chernyakhov population from Shyshaki (Ukraine)." Anthropological Review 84, no. 1 (2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2021-0002.

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Abstract Odontological studies of ancient populations represent different indicators related to health state, lifestyle and human diet. The aim of this paper is to determine the dental health indicators in the Chernyakhov population (the end of the IVth c. AD) from Ukraine. The paper also attempts to identify the relationship between sex and these indicators in the studied population. The sample analysed consisted of the dental remains of 25 adult individuals (11 males and 14 females) and 8 children individuals excavated from the cemetery at the archaeological site of Shyshaki (Poltava region of Ukraine). A total of 760 teeth were examined for caries, tooth wear and calculus clinically, and 647 teeth of adults were observed radio-graphically. The studied population presents frequency of caries in individuals of 12.5%. This indicator in adult male and female dentition is 42.86% and 14.0% respectively, and 25% in children. The presented population frequency of caries teeth was 0.88%. Females presented higher caries rate than males (2.72 % females vs. 0.36 % males) (p<0.05). The most frequent were caries lesions of cementum-enamel junction (40%) and combined lesions of crown and root (40%) with no difference in terms of sex. Frequency of dental wear in adult individuals and 8-10 year-old individuals was 100%. The studied population represented TWI (tooth wear index) in adults (2.26), which increased with aging, but the difference in terms of sex is insignificant. Calculus was observed in 64.28% of the females and 63.33% of the males, showing no statistical difference (p>0.5). These findings confirm a very low rate of caries teeth in the territory of Shyshaki during the Late Roman period, which could be related to regional diet and concentration of fluorine in drinking water. The Chernyakhov population presents high dental wear and similar frequency of dental calculus when compared to the population from Roman Britain. Females presented significantly higher frequency of caries than males, whereas no significant sex differences were found regarding dental wear, calculus, and localisation of caries lesions. The authors presume that dental health indicators in the Chernyakhov culture need to be studied more with bigger sample size and data of the populations from other regions of Ukraine.

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7

Mayhall, John T. "The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth: Dental Morphology and Its Variation in Recent Human Populations." American Anthropologist 100, no. 3 (1998): 807–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1998.100.3.807.

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8

Hanihara, Tsunehiko. "The anthropology of modern human teeth: Dental morphology and its variation in recent human populations." American Journal of Human Biology 10, no. 3 (1998): 400–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1998)10:3<400::aid-ajhb16>3.0.co;2-c.

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9

Gaboutchian, A. V., V. A. Knyaz, S. V. Vasilyev, D. V. Korost, and A. A. Kudaev. "ORIENTATION VS. ORIENTATION: IMAGE PROCESSING FOR STUDIES OF DENTAL MORPHOLOGY." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-723-2021.

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Abstract. Many odontological studies held through application of traditional and modern techniques, especially when related to measurements and morphology, very much depend on methodological aspects referred to orientation of teeth. And this is particularly relevant to new imaging and 3d reconstruction implemented in dental research and practice in a wide range of disciplines from anthropology to dentistry. The current paper deals with studies of palaeoanthropological findings dating back to the Upper Palaeolithic period in Central Russia – well-known archaeological site of Sunghir. Micro-computed tomography has been used for digital reconstructions of teeth – molars and premolars representing well-preserved dental morphology of an adolescent individual. This is due to new opportunities introduced by 3d reconstruction techniques in general and high-resolution x-ray imaging in particular that this study has become relevant. Thus digital techniques do not only provide for operating convenience but, which is even more important, allow application of image processing algorithms. In the suggested methodology these are automated, based on morphological interpretations and serve for orientation of studied teeth for further measurements. At the same time micro-computed tomographic imaging allows accurate reconstruction of other morphologically important structures which are used for an alternative orientation algorithm. Comparisons of dental measurements’ results obtained through automated digital odontometry (aDo) after both orientations applied are presented in the current paper.

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10

Tomczyk, Jacek, Paweł Rusin, and Marta Zalewska. "Prevalence of dental caries in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations from Żerniki Górne (Poland)." Anthropological Review 84, no. 2 (2021): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2021-0016.

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Abstract The aim of the studies is to describe the prevalence and distribution of dental caries in two populations from Żerniki Górne (Poland). The first population represented the Corded Ware Culture (CWC) (2550–2350 BC), and the second population belonged to the Trzciniec Culture (TC) (1300–1000 BC). While the TC is identified with a typically agricultural strategy, the CWC culture strategy is still debatable. Two types of strategies are indicated in the CWC, either a mixed or typical agricultural economy. A total of 110 adults were examined, of which 29 represented the CWC and 81 belonged to the TC. A total of 1132 permanent teeth were examined (CWC 379, TC 753). Of the 110 individuals, 54 individuals had dental caries (CWC 19/29, 66%; TC 35/81, 43%). In the CWC, 68% (13/19) of males and 60% (6/10) of females had dental caries. In the younger period (TC), the percentage of dental caries among males was little higher (45%) than among females (41%). Dental caries was identified in 13% (50/379) of the teeth from the CWC. In the TC, the percentage of affected teeth were similar (11%, 82/753). The most common location of caries in all the chronological periods were the approximal and cemento-enamel junction [CEJ] surfaces. Caries on the occlusal surface was much less frequent. If we assume that an important cause of the development of dental caries is a high-carbohydrate diet, we can conclude that a similar prevalence of teeth affected by caries and it locations indicate a similar management strategy in both populations.

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Żądzińska, Elżbieta, Beata Lubowiedzka, and Magdalena Wochna-Sobańska. "Morphology of dentition in Polish children with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)." Anthropological Review 73, no. 1 (2010): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10044-010-0001-4.

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Morphology of dentition in Polish children with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)This paper compares the dimensions and non-metric dental traits between Down syndrome patients (DS) and a control group. A total of 1,210 teeth of subjects with Down syndrome (diagnosed as regular trisomy 21 type) were analyzed. The mesiodistal (MD) and labiolingual or buccolingual (BL) diameters of each dental crown were measured, and the selected non-metric dental traits evaluated. The teeth of male and female DS patients were found to have lower values of both measurements compared to controls (excepting for the mesiodistal diameter of the lower mandibular premolar both in males and females). Sexual dimorphism of dental crown dimensions characteristic of contemporary human populations (the highest M-F difference was lower than 6%) was also observed: boys' teeth, particularly canines, are bigger than girls' (2.33 on average). Disorders in maxillary tooth alignment and the faint shoveling of upper central incisors (grade 1 according to ASU scale) were noted significantly more often among Down syndrome patients, but descriptive features correlating with dental crown size were observed more rarely (e.g., the distal accessory ridge on the upper canine and tuberculum Carabelli on the first molar).

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12

Agrawal, Nitin Kumar, Lucina Hackman, and Samarika Dahal. "Dental Age Assessment using Demirjian’s Eight Teeth Method and Willems Method in a Tertiary Hospital." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 56, no. 214 (2018): 912–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.3876.

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Introduction: Age estimation is an important aspect in forensic anthropology, as it can aid in the identification of the deceased, and can be used in cases of immigration, child abuse and criminal prosecution in living individuals. Dental age estimation is considered reliable and accurate, since tooth development is least affected by environmental factors compared to somatic growth.Methods: In total, 150 pre-orthodontic treatment radiographs from healthy individuals were assessed. These individuals were aged between 8 to 19 years. Dental age for these individuals was calculated by two methods: Demirjian’s eight teeth method and Willems method. For Willems method, seven teeth on the left side of mandible (except the third molar) were staged according to Demirjian’s staging, and for Demirjian’s eight teeth method, all eight teeth were staged.Results: The mean chronological ages were 13.6961±1.94384 years in males and 13.9204±2.63541 years in females. The mean estimated ages by Demirjian’s eight teeth method were 12.1856±1.73478 years and 11.7906±2.32344 years in males and females respectively. Similarly, the mean estimated ages by Willems method were 12.8958±1.46838 years in males and 12.6926±2.27807 years in females.Conclusions: Willems method and Demirjian’s eight teeth method underestimated the chronological age in the given population. Both methods showed excellent correlation with chronological age indicating their applicability in dental age estimation, with development of population specific scores.

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13

Dąbrowski, Paweł, Joanna Grzelak, Michał Kulus, and Tomasz Staniowski. "Diagnodent and VistaCam may be unsuitable for the evaluation of dental caries in archeological teeth." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 168, no. 4 (2019): 797–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23785.

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14

Nayak, Ramakant, Vijayalakshmi Kotrashetti, Aarati Nayak, et al. "Maxillary and Mandibular First Premolars Showing Three-Cusp Pattern: An Unusual Presentation." Case Reports in Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/734143.

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Dental anatomy is the study of morphology of various teeth in human dentitions. The application of dental anatomy in clinical practice is important, and dentist should have a thorough knowledge regarding the morphology of the teeth. At times as a result of genetic variation, environmental factors, diet of an individual and race, variations in the morphology of the teeth can be observed. These variations have been extensively studied by the researcher in the field of anthropology to define a particular race. The most commonly observed changes include peg-shaped laterals, shovel-shaped incisors, and extra cusp on molar. Common variations documented with regard to maxillary and mandibular first premolars are the variation in the number of roots. But the variations with respect to crown morphology are few. We report a first documented unusual presentation of maxillary and mandibular first premolars with three-cusps pattern in a female patient.

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15

Dudás, Csaba, Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé, Mária Henrietta Gábor, I. Krisztina Mártha, and Szilárd Sándor Gál. "Fogak morfológiai és metrikus jellegzetességeinek vizsgálata marosvásárhelyi középkori leleteken és a jelenkori helyi populáció körében." Orvosi Hetilap 159, no. 30 (2018): 1235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2018.31102.

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Abstract: Introduction: Teeth, as an integral part of human organism, are not exceptions from the physical anthropology changes caused by biological evolution and the way of living. Different stress factors and the natural selection are contributing to the emphasis of certain morphological characteristics. Aim: Comparison of dental metric characteristics and the presence of accessory tooth cusps between human remains from the Middle Ages and dental study models of today’s patients. Material and method: Morphological characteristics of 132 teeth from 19 skulls and 694 teeth on dental models of 30 patients were examined. The mesiodistal, incisivocervical and buccolingual diameters of crowns were measured by a validated 2D image analysis method. Carabelli and talon cusps were also examined using a magnifying glass. Results: Statistically significant differences between the size of the 14th-century and the present-day teeth were found in some of the teeth groups. In medieval artifacts, lateral teeth had smaller crown width than teeth measured in the contemporary population. The Carabelli cusps found in the archeological human remains belonged to grades 1 and 3 on Dahlberg scale (23.07%), while the Carabelli cusps observed in the contemporary group belonged to grades 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (50.90%). Talon cusp occurred only once in the contemporary group. Conclusion: In case of the contemporary teeth, the Carabelli cusps appeared in a more pronounced morphological form and with a higher frequency, which emphasizes the European origin of today’s population. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(30): 1235–1240.

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16

Brace, C. Loring. "Book Review: The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth: Dental Morphology and its Variation in Recent Human Populations." Dental Anthropology Journal 12, no. 2-3 (2018): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v12i2-3.205.

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17

Dungey, Claire, and Neil Stephens. "Learning about dentistry: enacting problems at the Wellcome Collection exhibition ‘Teeth’." Journal of Science Communication 17, no. 03 (2018): R03. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.17030603.

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We review how the Wellcome Collection exhibition ‘Teeth’ enacts meanings from an educational anthropology and Science and Technology Studies perspective. The exhibition tells the history of dental science. It starts with accounts of the painful procedures and social inequalities of early oral healthcare. As it moves towards the present day it shows improved scientific knowledge, tools and public health promotion, and closes with current sophisticated technologies and practices. However it underrepresents contemporary social inequalities. We conclude that science communication exhibition curators should strive to represent the problems of today as well as those of the past.

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18

Gaboutchian, A. V., and V. A. Knyaz. "3D IMAGES FOR AUTOMATED DIGITAL ODONTOMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W18 (November 29, 2019): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w18-53-2019.

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Abstract. Improvements of existing and development of new non-contact measurement techniques, especially for surfaces of complex spatial shape, allow involvement of various disciplines into advanced technological reality. These improvements have two major directions. The first, being more obvious, refers to introduction of accurate digital 3D images in spheres where real objects have become subjects of traditional study, techniques or manufacturing technologies. The other direction deals with substantial methodological improvements, as they become possible only with introduction of the above-mentioned techniques. Among such is the division of physical anthropology, of dentistry and other disciplines related to dental studies, – odontometry, or measurements of teeth. Traditional odontometry, by turning into automated digital odontometry, becomes a method of accurate and objective morphological assessments in dentistry and anthropology, including palaeoanthropology. As a new method, automated digital odontometry requires interpretations of dental morphology (applicable in digital techniques), accurate 3D images of teeth and software based on 3D and 2D image analysis suitable for automated measurements. The mentioned factors are particularly important for this method due to its inapplicability on real objects. Thus various approaches to obtaining digital images are discussed in the context of their quality and conformity with the studied material and odontometric technique, which currently includes automated orientation algorithms setting locations for principal morphological structures and measurement algorithms themselves, likewise functioning in an automated mode.

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Andrei, Kozma, and Forna Norina. "Antropological Elements in the Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation." ARS Medica Tomitana 25, no. 1 (2019): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2019-0003.

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Abstract The dental anthropology can bring various contributions in the assessment of the pathology of the stomatognathic system as this field encompasses the genetic and clinical researches focused on the developmental defects of crowns, post-eruptive changes (dental wear, culturally-related dental changes) as well as patterns of teeth loss. The implant-prosthetic rehabilitation is highly recomended for these patients as having the highest rate of success in the therapy of the stomatognathic system disorders. The anthropological elements related to the optimisation of the implant-prosthetic rehabilitation of the stomatognathic system are related to the anatomical and morphological featires of prosthetic field, the favourable and non-favourable areas of the prosthetic field, the type and the orientation of the traction and pressure masticatory forces as well as the lamina dura preservation when edentation is associated to periodontal disease.

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20

Swindler, Daris R., and Douglas Meekins. "Dental development of the permanent mandibular teeth in the baboon,Papio cynocephalus." American Journal of Human Biology 3, no. 6 (1991): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.1310030606.

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21

Beasley, M. J., W. A. B. Brown, and A. J. Legge. "Incremental banding in dental cementum: Methods of preparation for teeth from archaeological sites and for modern comparative specimens." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 2, no. 1 (1992): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1390020107.

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22

Toshchev, А. G., L. F. Kaskova, and А. V. Аrtemev. "THE VIEW ON THE DENTAL MORBIDITY INDICATORS OF THE CHILDREN UKRAINIAN NOGAI POPULATION AT THE XV CENTURY DEALS WITH THE NEW STUDYING METHODS USED FOR ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM THE MAMAY GORA BURIAL GROUND." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 3 (September 23, 2020): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.3.2020.10.

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The subject matter was the children dental status having involved in study anthropological bone material different historical eras. The 133 remains skeletons of children were examined. The control and main groups consisted with the skeletons of children who had lived in the Nogai and Golden Horde periods, respectively, which in turn the last included children skeletons of earlier historical times. The author’s method was used in our scientific research. The ancient people skeletons were examined in historical and medical anthropology laboratory of the municipal institution “Conservation Centre and Research of Archaeological Monuments” of the Poltava Regional Council and the Department of Pediatric Therapeutic Dentistry with the Dental Diseases Prevention UMSA. The control group has included the children with maxillofacial pathology but their musculoskeletal system hasn’t been changed. However, two children have a “thin line” dental deposit in permanent and primary teeth. Two enamel hypoplasia specimens were detected in bone materials, five specimens of anomalies development dento-maxillofacial region and two dental specimens with markers determined of social society affiliation in the main children's group of the Middle Ages consist with of Golden Horde children. The main group results were compared with control group related to one period. The increase in the incidence of dental pathology was directly proportional to the number of children examined in the group. The dental pathology incidence was directly proportional relation increases to the examined children quantity in the group. The bone skeleton injury was found only in Golden Horde children group. The Middle Ages is characterized with the average diseases prevalence in Europe and America populations. We were determined the carious process and periodontal pathology were absence in deciduous and permanent teeth in the base and control children groups represent Middle Ages, after morphological and statistical processing of the collected archaeological, bone material. The dental mineralized deposits have a similar shape in base and control groups children of the Middle Ages in the studied territory of Ukraine. The dental mineralized plaque had a huge volume and was occupied a massive teeth square in examined children group identified with earlier historical periods and the Middle Ages. The research has shown that the dental deposit has a gradual evolutionary development in teeth of children groups at the Middle Ages.

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Guatelli-Steinberg, Debbie, Paul W. Sciulli, and Heather H. J. Edgar. "Dental fluctuating asymmetry in the Gullah: Tests of hypotheses regarding developmental stability in deciduous vs. permanent and male vs. female teeth." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 129, no. 3 (2006): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20237.

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24

Lukacs, John R. "The ‘caries correction factor’: A new method of calibrating dental caries rates to compensate for antemortem loss of teeth." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 5, no. 2 (1995): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1390050207.

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25

Aguirre, Luisa, Diana Castillo, Diana Solarte, and Freddy Moreno. "Frequency and Variability of Five Non-Metric Dental Crown Traits in the Primary and Permanent Dentitions of a Racially Mixed Population from Cali, Colombia." Dental Anthropology Journal 19, no. 2 (2018): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v19i2.119.

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The purpose of this study was to determinethe prevalence and variability of five non-metric dentalcrown traits (Carabelli cusp, protostylid, groove pattern,and cusps 6 and 7) in the deciduous (Um2 and Lm2)and permanent (UM1 and LM1) teeth in children inthe mixed-dentition, and to compare these frequencieswith the literature. A descriptive study was conductedto characterize the dental morphology of young subjectsin mixed dentition stages. The Arizona State UniversityDental Anthropology System (ASUDAS) and Grine,Sciulli, and Hanihara methods were used as referenceto compare the prevalence of dental traits in dentalcasts from 100 subjects from a Colombian racially mixedpopulation. The high prevalence of furrows and pits ofthe Carabelli cusp, minor expressions of the protostylid(foramen cecum), and the low frequencies of cusps 5 and6, plus the behavior of the expression of groove patterncollectively suggest that this group reflects influences byboth the Mongoloid and Caucasoid dental complexes.Correspondence of trait expression in both the primaryand permanent dentition was also demonstrated (P< 0.05). Some of the non-metric trait frequencies alsoexhibited sexual dimorphism.

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26

Pérez, Beatriz, Alejandro Romero, and Alejandro Pérez-Pérez. "Age-related variability in buccal dental-microwear in Middle and Upper Pleistocene human populations." Anthropological Review 74, no. 1 (2011): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10044-010-0005-0.

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Age-related variability in buccal dental-microwear in Middle and Upper Pleistocene human populationsInfants are thought to present a different buccal microwear pattern than adults and these, therefore, are generally analyzed separately. However, El-Zaatari & Hublin [2009] showed that occlusal texture in Neandertal and modern human juvenile populations did not differ from their elders. The microwear patterns of a sample of 193 teeth, corresponding to 61 individuals ofHomo heidelbergensis, H. neanderthalensisand anatomically modern humans (AMH), were analyzed revealing that AMH infants up to 14 years old differ from older individuals in having fewer scratch densities, whereas the Neandertals have a much more variable microwear pattern. Age-at-death and dental age since emergence showed similar though somewhat diverging results, especially in the infant and subadult samples. Differences observed between the Neandertals and modern humans could be reflecting differential wearing patterns or distinct enamel structure and resistance to hard food items consumption. Interpopulation differences in striation densities were not apparent in either subadult or adult individuals, only adult Neandertals (26-45 yrs. old) showed fewer striations than the younger age groups. The AMH sample revealed a gradual cumulative pattern of striation density with age, suggestive of a non-abrupt change in diet.

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27

Mahoney, Patrick. "Root growth and dental eruption in modern human deciduous teeth with preliminary observations on great apes." Journal of Human Evolution 129 (April 2019): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.12.011.

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Gaboutchian, A. V., and V. A. Knyaz. "DETERMINING TOOTH OCCLUSAL SURFACE RELIEF INDICATOR BY MEANS OF AUTOMATED 3D SHAPE ANALYSIS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W4 (May 10, 2017): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w4-221-2017.

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Determining occlusal surface relief indicator plays an important role in odontometric tooth shape analysis. An analysis of the parameters of surface relief indicators provides valuable information about closure of dental arches (occlusion) and changes in structure of teeth in lifetime. Such data is relevant for dentistry or anthropology applications. Descriptive techniques commonly used for surface relief evaluation have limited precision which, as a result, does not provide for reliability of conclusions about structure and functioning of teeth. Parametric techniques developed for such applications need special facilities and are time-consuming which limits their spread and ease to access. Nevertheless the use of 3D models, obtained by photogrammetric techniques, allows attaining required measurements accuracy and has a potential for process automation.<br><br> We introduce new approaches for determining tooth occlusal surface relief indicator and provide data on efficiency in use of different indicators in natural attrition evaluation.

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Gaboutchian, A. V., V. A. Knyaz, S. V. Apresyan, M. S. Navrazhnykh, and S. V. Vasyliev. "SHADE AND TEXTURE MAPPING ON TEETH FOR PALAEOANTHROPOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTIONS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-2/W1-2021 (April 15, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-2-w1-2021-55-2021.

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Abstract. Over the past few years closer cooperation can be observed in various aspects of digital techniques in such disciplines as dentistry and anthropology. And in most cases that consists in imaging and image processing which results in obtaining 3D reconstructions. And indeed, they can significantly improve research and practice. Thus, depending on imaging technique and application, they can support CAD/CAM technology or precisely reconstruct morphology of invisible structures. However the currently presented study refers to technical aspects of shade and texture mapping, which is more aimed to obtain more realistic 3D reconstructions of palaeoanthropological material. Colour or shade matching has become an integral part of dental practice. It can be carried in a traditional manner though matching the tooth with conventional shade-guides, or, which is in line with the subjects of our study, by means of spectrophotometry. And the main procedures of shade detection have been performed by SpectroShade (MHT). Necessary attention has been paid to conditions influencing shade detection process with respect to the studied material teeth taken from the Bronze Age findings. Reconstructive techniques have traditionally been a scientific and practical part of palaeoanthropological research which is directed at appearance reconstruction. Though the leading part of this branch has been always aimed at analysis of skull morphology. In our time of rapidly developing digital techniques reconstructions have become to a large extent a matter of improvements of imaging and image processing techniques. Even though this doesnt directly refer to soft tissue reconstruction, it undoubtedly applies to dental reconstructions. And the current study presents improvements in reconstruction through combining imaging with shade and texture mapping on 3D models of teeth.

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Hemphill, Brian E. "The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth: Dental Morphology and Its Variation in Recent Human Populations. G. Richard Scott , Christy G. Turner II." Journal of Anthropological Research 58, no. 3 (2002): 412–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/jar.58.3.3631186.

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Irish, Joel D., and Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg. "Ancient teeth and modern human origins: An expanded comparison of African Plio-Pleistocene and recent world dental samples." Journal of Human Evolution 45, no. 2 (2003): 113–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2484(03)00090-3.

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Djuric, Marija, Zoran Rakocevic, and Nenad Rankovic. "Age assessment at the time of death based on panoramic radiography." Vojnosanitetski pregled 62, no. 7-8 (2005): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0508557d.

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Background. The determination of age at the time of death is an important method in forensic anthropology and paleodemography. The possible postmortem investigation of the teeth and jaws enables the determination of age at the time of death, as the bones and teeth are both resistant to degradation in soil and characterized by age-related morphological changes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the age-related changes visible on panoramic radiography correlated with age, and enabled the assessment of individual age. Methods. Seven radiographic parameters were used in the study: tooth loss, occlusal tooth wear, pulp stones, carious teeth, periapical disease, tooth restoration, and alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal disease. Results. The material comprised 314 dental panoramic tomograms of living patients of both sexes with documented age (18 to 77 years). Multiple regression equations were constructed for the age estimation, including four parameters (the number of missing teeth, the number of intact teeth, the distance of cement-enamel junction from the alveolar ridge, the number of abraded teeth). The nature of data treated by regression analysis required the careful choice of parameters, appropriate functional model for each parameter, and the experience of the investigator. With the four parameters included in equations, the error was ? 2.55 years. Conclusion. This preliminary analysis showed that the conventional regression technique could be appropriate for the age estimation based on panoramic radiography, and that an additional study with a larger sample and on wider population was required.

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Bachura, O. P., and P. A. Kosintsev. "Seasonal pattern of domestic cattle slaughtering in the Late Bronze Age Tanalyk settlement (Southern Ural)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 1(52) (February 26, 2021): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-52-1-8.

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The settlement of Tanalyk (Bashkortostan) is the most fully studied household object of the Late Bronze Age in the territory of Southern Ural. The pottery assemblage allows attributing it to the Srubnaya — Alakul type. The majority of bone remains in this site belong to domestic animals, and the number of wild species remains is ex-tremely small. There is no evidence of farming in the Late Bronze Age. Thus, the subsistence of the Tanalyk population was based on livestock production. As such, the time of livestock slaughtering can be indicative of people’s presence in the site. The purpose of the present research was to determine the type of the Late Bronze Age Tanalyk settlement as permanent or seasonal. The slaughtering season and the age of cattle (46 individu-als), sheep/goats (33 individuals) and horses (24 individuals) have been determined. Both determinations were based on the analysis of growth layers in animal teeth (cement and dentine). In archaeozoology, there is a tradi-tional method of estimation of animal age-at-death based on the state of their dental system. Data obtained by these two methods have been inter-compared. It has been established that domestic animals were slaughtered entire year round, with no seasonal preference for various species. Only for sheep/goats, slaughtering season was related to their age. In warm seasons, young animals were slaughtered three times more often than in cold time of the year. Cattle, sheep/goat and horses were slaughtered mainly in cold seasons, in smaller numbers in summer, and only in minimal quantities in spring. The practice of year-round slaughtering of animals shows, that at least part of the community lived in the settlement permanently and did not make seasonal movements. Com-parison of the age structures obtained from the study of tooth growth layers and the condition of the dental system showed their strong structures similarity, which is very important methodologically. This allows a reliable use of the age structure based on the condition of dental system to interpret the patterns of economic exploitation of domestic ungulates.

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Estalrrich, Almudena, and Ana B. Marín-Arroyo. "Evidence of habitual behavior from non-alimentary dental wear on deciduous teeth from the Middle and Upper Paleolithic Cantabrian region, Northern Spain." Journal of Human Evolution 158 (September 2021): 103047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103047.

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Dziuban, Zuzanna. "Atopic objects: The afterlives of gold teeth stolen from Holocaust dead." Journal of Material Culture 25, no. 4 (2020): 408–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183520954462.

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Transfers of property are an integral part of armed conflicts and instances of mass political violence. Not just the state and the military, but also civilians confiscate, dispossess, loot and redistribute wealth across ethnic, national, class or religious lines, in the process re-enacting and sustaining the boundaries of othering and belonging that stand behind the conflict. In this way, economic violence takes on an essentially political dimension. Although, to date, rarely conceptualized as such, even grave robbery perpetrated at the burial sites of a defeated enemy or a member of othered minority constitutes a practice of alterity and dehumanization. And while, in the aftermath of violence, this very fact has the ability to invest things taken from mass graves with a particularly disturbing potential, this article reflects on the practices and affective dynamics surrounding objects of a distinctively unsettling status: golden teeth and dental bridges in their ambivalent condition between material objects (valuables) and bodily remains of the dead. They are considered in this article through the conceptual lens of ‘atopic objects’, a notion designed to bring to the fore both the out-of-place quality and the at once as-well-as/neither-nor character of those things, suspended on the threshold between human remains and material objects, private possessions and body parts of othered and violently dispossessed people. In this article, the author asks how this uneasy ontological status is experienced, acted upon and negotiated by the new (and rarely rightful) ‘owners’ and offers an insight into the practical, affective, political and also legal framings through which ‘atopic objects’ are being constructed and reconstructed either as things or as body parts and, at the cost of their unsettling quality, become embedded in the postwar orders, both in the intimate order of the body and in the political–economic order of the state.

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Poshekhonova, Olga, Alisa Zubova, and Anastasia Sleptsova. "Origins of the Northern Selkups Based on Anthropological Data." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 1 (February 2020): 152–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.1.13.

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The authors examine the origins of the Upper Taz Selkups based on craniology and dental anthropology. They are one of the least studied groups of the indigenous population of Western Siberia. Judging by historical and ethnolinguistic data, the Northern Selkups moved to the Upper Taz region in the 17th – 18th century. Anthropological materials of the Northern Selkups were first obtained only in 2013 and 2016 during the excavations of Kikki-Akki burial ground. Recorded according to archaeological data, the burial rite has direct analogies in Southern Selkups burial grounds of the 17th – 18th centuries, with the exception of the selected individual features of the Eastern Khanty traditions. The craniological sample from Kikki-Akki burial includes 21 skulls – 13 males and 8 females. The dental sample includes the teeth of 22 individuals – 10 male, 6 female and 6 children. During the study the authors examined the anthropological materials based on the method of description of dental and cranial morphology, performed statistical integration. Characteristics of the series were compared with the obtained data of West Siberian near-recent samples. The analysis of the data shows that the Vakh Khanty represent the closest analogy to the series from Kikki-Akki, but the female part of the craniological sampling has a strong resemblance to the groups of the Southern Selkups. The results confirm the available historical and ethnolinguistic data on their formation due to the resettlement of a part of the Southern Selkup group from the Ob River Basin to the north, i.e. to the upper reaches of the Taz River. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the Selkup appearance changed quite a lot in a short period of time (200–300 years) that passed since their migration. The Northern Selkups acquired a significant resemblance to the Vakh Khanty – the only population with which the Selkups could maintain marital relations during their resettlement from the Middle Ob River to the Taz River.

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Sharma, B., N. Balaji, and MK Sumathi. "Gender Determination by Linear Dimension of Permanent Canine: An Odontometric Analysis." Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 2, no. 1 (2014): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11392.

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Background and objectives: Identification, an aspect of forensic anthropology, is the recognition of an individual based on the physical characteristics unique to the individual. Among the four main attributes i.e. gender, age, stature and ethnic or racial background of an individual’s biological identity, sex determination is usually the first step in the human identification process. Teeth can be used as a means of sex determination as teeth are resistant to post-mortem degradation and survive deliberate, accidental or natural change. This study was carried out with an objective to determine the sexual dimorphism of maxillary and mandibular canine by linear tooth diameter for permanent dentition in Moradabad population. Material and Methods: A total number of 40 subjects (20 Males and 20 Females) were included in this study. After obtaining an informed written consent, alginate impression was taken with help of perforated impression trays and study models were prepared with type IV dental stone. Linear (MD, BL, Crown Height) were taken with digital vernier caliper. Results: It was observed that males’ shows more mean linear crown diameter as compared to females. Also, the mesiodistal and buccolingual measurement shows statistically significant difference for all canines, being higher for males than females. Conclusion: The present study has expressed sexual dimorphism of permanent canine using Student’s test and indicate that linear dimension of maxillary canine can be used for sexual diamorphism with accuracy along with other accepted procedure for sex determination. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11392 Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol. 2 (1): 23-27

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Manifold, Bernadette M. "Differential preservation of children’s bones and teeth recovered from early medieval cemeteries: possible influences for the forensic recovery of non-adult skeletal remains." Anthropological Review 76, no. 1 (2013): 23–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2013-0007.

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Abstract The skeletal preservation of 421 non-adult skeletons from four early medieval sites in England, Scotland and Wales were compared to assess whether geographical location and geology have an impact on overall bone preservation of children’s remains in the burial environment. Skeletons were examined from the cemeteries of Auldhame in Scotland, Edix Hill and Great Chesterford in England and Llandough in Wales. The bone preservation was examined using three preservational indices: Anatomical preservation index (API), Qualitative preservation index (QBI) and the bone representation index (BRI). A similar pattern existed across all the sites with regard to what bones are preserved, bones with relatively high density, such as the temporal bone of the skull, the long bones of the upper and lower limbs tend to be abundant in the samples, with the more small and fragile bones, such as the facial bones tending to be less well represented either as a result of low bone density or due to loss at excavation. The study of the dental elements also revealed a pattern with regard to what is preserved, with high numbers of molars and incisors found. This may be related to both the size and number of roots; but also the position in the mouth which may offer protection against loss. A difference in preservation was observed between the sites and the classes of preservation, particularly local differences between the sites of Edix Hill and Great Chesterford. From this study it remains unclear as to the extent the role of geology has on the non-adult skeleton, but the results of this study show that age is not the dominating factor in bone preservation as previously thought.

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Elton, Sarah. "The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth. Dental Morphology and its Variation in Recent Human Populations. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. By G. Richard Scott & Christy G. Turner II. Pp. 382. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.) £19.95, ISBN 0-521-78453-0, paperback." Journal of Biosocial Science 34, no. 3 (2002): 431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932002264251.

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Nelson, Jennifer S. "An examination of the differential susceptibility pattern of the dentition to linear enamel hypoplasia." COMPASS 2, no. 1 (2018): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/comp49.

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Enamel hypoplasia is a dental pathology that forms when an individual is exposed to physiological stress in early life while tooth crowns are developing. Biological anthropologists utilize these enamel defects as indicators of growth interruption and interpret them as reflective of factors pertaining to health status and cultural practices that influence health. Over decades of research, numerous studies have noted a pattern in the distribution of linear enamel hypoplasia across the dentition. It is suggested that the anterior dentition presents the highest frequency of defects, followed by the premolars, with molars most rarely exhibiting hypoplasia. This apparent differential susceptibility pattern has resulted in the preferential study of the anterior dentition in anthropology, however little research has been conducted into the validity or cause of this developmental phenomenon. Through examination of the literature, the observed higher frequency of enam2el hypoplasia in the anterior dentition substantiates the existence of this differential distribution pattern. Further investigation reveals that the cause of this varying susceptibility has not been sufficiently explored, leading to a number of inconclusive explanations. Examination of these theories – ranging from the chronology of tooth development, specifics of crown morphology, and variations in genetic control – indicate that there is no single causal variable, but that a multitude of factors are responsible. From this research it is apparent that further study is necessary to fully understand why the anterior teeth appear to be more susceptible to hypoplastic defects than their posterior counterparts.

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Mahlke, Nina Sophia, Silvia Renhart, Dorothea Talaa, Alexandra Reckert, and Stefanie Ritz-Timme. "Molecular clocks in ancient proteins: Do they reflect the age at death even after millennia?" International Journal of Legal Medicine 135, no. 4 (2021): 1225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02522-1.

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AbstractAge at death estimation in cases of human skeletal finds is an important task in forensic medicine as well as in anthropology. In forensic medicine, methods based on “molecular clocks” in dental tissues and bone play an increasing role. The question, whether these methods are applicable also in cases with post-depositional intervals far beyond the forensically relevant period, was investigated for two “protein clocks”, the accumulation of D-aspartic acid (D-Asp) and the accumulation of pentosidine (Pen) in dentine. Eight teeth of skeletons from different burial sites in Austria and with post-depositional intervals between c. 1216 and c. 8775 years were analysed. The results of age at death estimation based on D-Asp and Pen in dentine were compared to that derived from a classical morphological examination. Age at death estimation based on D-Asp resulted consistently in false high values. This finding can be explained by a post-mortem accumulation of D-Asp that may be enhanced by protein degradation. In contrast, the Pen-based age estimates fitted well with the morphological age diagnoses. The described effect of post-mortem protein degradation is negligible in forensically relevant time horizons, but not for post-depositional intervals of thousands of years. That means that the “D-Asp clock” loses its functionality with increasing post-depositional intervals, whereas Pen seems to be very stable. The “Pen-clock” may have the potential to become an interesting supplement to the existing repertoire of methods even in cases with extremely long post-depositional intervals. Further investigations have to test this hypothesis.

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42

Rae, Todd C., and Simon Hillson. "Dental Anthropology." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4, no. 2 (1998): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034513.

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Scott, G. R., and C. G. Turner. "Dental Anthropology." Annual Review of Anthropology 17, no. 1 (1988): 99–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.17.100188.000531.

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Corruccini, Robert S. "Dental anthropology." American Journal of Human Biology 9, no. 5 (1997): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1997)9:5<665::aid-ajhb13>3.0.co;2-k.

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Mayhall, John T. "Dental anthropology." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 104, no. 4 (1997): 535–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199712)104:4<535::aid-ajpa8>3.0.co;2-q.

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46

Kaskova, L. F., N. A. Morgun, O. A. Kulay, I. Yu Vashchenko, and A. V. Artemiev. "DISEASES OF THE ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL REGION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF UKRAINE OF GOLDEN HORDE TIME." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2021.14.

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Abstract. The study of dental diseases defines the most actual manifestation of their processes and it also determines etiological and pathogenic factors. The aim of the research. The aim of the research was to examine the hard tissues of the oral maxillofacial region of the Golden Horde population, which is considered to be Polovtsian. Hard tissues and oral maxillofacial areas study of Polovtsian population presents the main topicality of the given research. These investigations have been carried out for the first time. The aim of the study was to identify the person against the background of the analysis of skeletal remains, to establish their affiliation to one or more individuals, to determine the probable age and sex, to diagnose and interpret pathologies found in human hard tissues. Object and methods of research. The study of the material was carried out by the method of skeletal tissue analysis of ancient people, developed by the authors of this paper on the basis of the Laboratory of Medical and Historical Anthropology of the Municipal Institution “Center for Protection and Research of Archaeological Monuments” Poltava Regional Administration and the Department of Pediatric Therapeutic Dentistry, UMSA. Results and discussion. 22 representatives of Polovtsian population of the Golden Horde time were studied (12 men and 10 women). The obtained results were compared with previously statistically processed results on the basis of the studied 157 representatives of the Middle Ages who lived on the territory of modern Ukraine and belonged to other communities of the Middle Ages. The total intensity of caries in the study group was 1.6 (according to modern indices - low). The intensity of caries in the group of women was 0.4 (according to modern indices - very low). In the group of men, the figure was 2.8 (according to modern indices - low). Dental mineralized deposits were found in 10 group members (six men, four women). Three women had deposits like “thin line” shape and one had shape so-called “hanging lump”. Three men had deposits as a “thin line” shape and three another ones had shape as an “hanging lump”. Other forms have not been identified. Torus was identified in one man. Conclusions. Data on the disease and features of the development of the oral maxillary area, which were compared with previously obtained results on the pathology of other communities of medieval times. No significant differences were found. The obtained indicators, concerning the peculiarities of development and pathology of hard tissues of teeth, the course of periodontal diseases in this group of Polovtsian population, completely coincide with previously published data on groups of the medieval population in the number of 157 skeletons found in modern Ukraine. This indicates the similarity of material and living conditions and the psycho-emotional state of the population at that time. Pathologies of the dental-maxillary region in representatives of different communities of the Middle Ages who lived in modern Ukraine are similar.

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Lee, Christine. "The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth. Dental Morphology and Its Variation in Recent and Fossil Homo sapiens. By G. Richard Scott, Christy G. Turner II, Grant C. Townsend, and Maria Martinon-Torres. Cambridge University Press. 2018. 396 pp., $44.99 (pape." Dental Anthropology Journal 33, no. 2 (2020): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v33i2.313.

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Turner, Korri Dee. "Book Review: Dental Anthropology." Dental Anthropology Journal 9, no. 2 (2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v9i2.238.

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Brace, C. Loring. "Dimensions of dental anthropology." Reviews in Anthropology 12, no. 1 (1985): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00988157.1985.9977706.

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Vakhovskyi, V. V. "Correlations of teleradiographic parameters of teeth location determined by the methods of Bjork, Jarabak and Sassouni with the parameters of the upper and lower jaws in young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 2 (2021): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(2)-08.

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Annotation. Determining the characteristics of certain indicators within a certain population, the relationship between certain anatomical structures and parameters of the human body is one of the key tasks of clinical anthropology. Identifying the nature, strength and direction of the interdependencies of such indicators is a key element not only for understanding human nature but also for solving clinical, including dental problems today. The aim of the study was to establish in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion the peculiarities of correlations of teleradiographic parameters of tooth location determined by Bjork, Jarabak and Sassouni methods with parameters of upper and lower jaws and tooth location. Teleradiography in the mode of cephalometric examination was performed for 49 young men and 76 young women with orthognathic occlusion. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (software license URSQ-1799). Correlation assessment was performed in the license package “Statistica 6.0” using the non-parametric Spearman method. In young men and young women, the features of multiple correlations of teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth determined by the methods of CFT-Bjork, Roth-Jarabak and Sassouni. As a result of quantitative analysis of significant correlations between teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth found: CFT-Bjork in young men 46.9 %, of which 5.4 % straight strong, 18.5 % straight medium and 2.3 % straight weak and 2.3 % reversible strong, 16.2 % reversible medium strength and 2.3 % reverse weak, and young women – 38.5 %, of which, 2.3 % direct strong, 15.4 % direct medium strength and 6.2 % direct weak and 0.8 % reverse strong, 7.7 % reverse medium strength and 6.2 % of reversible weak; according to the Roth-Jarabak method, 36.2 % of young men, 6.6 % of direct strong, 11.8 % of direct medium strength and 2.6 % of direct weak and 2.6 % of reverse strong, 11.8 % of reverse of medium strength and 0.7 % of reverse weak, and young women – 44.7 %, of which, 3.9 % direct strong, 15.1 % direct medium strength and 7.2 % direct weak and 0.7 % reverse strong, 8.6 % reverse medium strength and 9.2 % reverse weak; according to the Sassouni method, 42.8 % of young men have all medium-strength, and 42.8 % of young women have, of which 35.7 % have medium-strength and 7.1 % have weak straight. Manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the received correlations are established only between the indicators defined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods.

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