Journal articles: 'Dental caries in children Dental public health'

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Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves, Giulia Ornellas, Renato Silva Fraga, and Leonardo Santos Antunes. "Oral health outcomes: the association of clinical and socio-dental indicators to evaluate dental caries in preschool children." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 23, no. 2 (2018): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018232.21022015.

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Abstract Dental caries is a public health problem that impacts oral health related to quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of dental caries in children by associating clinical and socio-dental indicators. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 2 to 6-year-old children who attended public day care centers in a city in the Southeast Region of Brazil. After sample calculation, 446 children were randomly selected by eligibility criteria. Two professionals evaluated dental caries using WHO (2013) criteria and classified subjects according to early childhood caries (ECC) severity. Parents/care- givers answered a characterization questionnaire and self-reported socio-dental indicator (B-ECO-HIS). The prevalence of dental caries was 33.7%. The children with high severity of ECC had 5 times higher chance of suffering an impact on OHRQoL. The one way ANOVA test showed that the impact on OHRQoL (ECOHIS scores) was associated with ECC. The outcome dental caries in oral health presented high prevalence as clinical indicator and high impact on OHRQoL as socio dental indicator. Clinical and socio-dental indicators should be evaluated together.

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Shakya, Ajay, Ramya Shenoy, and Ashwini Rao. "Correlation Between Malnutrition and Dental Caries in Children." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 33, no. 2 (2013): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8171.

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Introduction: Dental caries and malnutrition is a public health problem, concentrated more among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between malnutrition and dental caries among 6, 10 and 12 years children in Mangalore. Materials and Methods: Data about oral health status and body mass index of children of age groups 6, 10 and 12 were collected using a cross-sectional design. Anthropometric measurements and oral examinations were carried out. Statistical test was performed to look for categorical associations between BMI categories and dental caries prevalence and to see if any correlation exists between BMI Score and dental caries severity. Results: The Pearson correlation test result suggested children with less BMI score tend to have more caries affected teeth than children with normal BMI. Conclusions: Physicians and dentists treating young children should consider malnutrition as a risk marker for childhood caries. Inclusion of BMI calculation in the standard dental evaluation of any pediatric patient can provide a screen for prevention, timely diagnosis, and treatment of the children suffering from dental caries and malnutrition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8171 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):99-102

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Cashmore, Aaron W., Claire Phelan, and Anthony S. Blinkhorn. "Bug Breakfast in theBulletin: Dental caries in children." New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 21, no. 8 (2010): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/nb09043.

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Kusumo, Aryo Dwipo, Darmawan Setijanto, Titiek Berniyanti, et al. "Using Illustrated Books with Surabayan Dialect to Promote Regular Child Dental Visits in East Surabaya Public Health Center." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 3, no. 2 (2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v3i2.2020.33-36.

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Background: Previous research involving 100 children in the East Surabaya area reported a caries prevalence data of 89.5% with a Decayed, Missing due to carries, Filled Teeth index (DMFT) value of 5.42 (high category). In January–June 2018, only 373 out of 4,072 school-age children visited the Keputih Public Health Center. The dental visits were motivated out of dental health problems only. Parents, especially mother, should pay attention to their child’s dental and oral health because they are in the primary tooth period, which will significantly affect the growth of their permanent teeth. Purpose: The illustration book in Surabayan dialect was the means to disseminate information on dental and oral health for children and parents, particularly mothers, to motivate regular dental visit and prevent dental caries. Methods: The parents received the illustrated book, and they were given some time to read and answer the questions. After that, the mothers were asked to assist their children in filling out the illustration book. The targets were improved understanding on the subject matter, which is dental and oral health, and to motivate the parents and children to have regular dental visit. Results: There was > 75% increase in understanding of the subject matter before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The intervention successfully improved the parents’ understandings in the subject matter, and it was expected to motivate parents and their children to have regular dental visits in Keputih Public Health Center.

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Ngedup, Sonam. "National oral health survey in 6- and 12-year-old Bhutanese school children." Bhutan Health Journal 2, no. 1 (2016): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47811/bhj.16.

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Introduction: Dental caries is a highly prevalent and a significant public health problem affecting 70% to 95% of children, including adults in member states of the South East Asia region. Epidemiological data on the prevalence of dental caries amongst Bhutanese children at the national level is non-existent. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal status, traumatic dental injuries and fluorosis in 6-and 12-year-old school children. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey in two age groups of school children in Bhutan was conducted in 2014. A total of 2904 students participated in the survey. A multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted that included samples from both urban and rural schools. The assessments for dental caries and periodontal conditions were done as per modified WHO methodology and criteria. Dental trauma and fluorosis were identified as present or absent irrespective of severity levels. Results: Dental caries prevalence was 41.90% and 83.80% with mean DMFT/ dmft 0.80 and 5.54 for 12-and 6-year-olds respectively. Urban students had more caries than their rural counterparts. Overall, 13.00% of 12-year-olds had healthy gingiva but more calculus was detected in rural children. Dental trauma and fluorosis were very low (0.01% to 5.00%) in both the age groups. Conclusions: Caries prevalence was very high in 6-year-olds while periodontal status in 12-year-olds was poor. Rural school children had lower caries levels compared to their urban counterparts. Imparting oral health awareness among parents can lower caries severity in younger children.

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Titus, Anni Sinaga, and Stephanie Melia. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTHER’S ROLE AND THE INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN ELEMENTARY STUDENTS GRADE 1, 2 AND 3 SDN 099 BABAKAN TAROGONG BANDUNG." Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Immanuel 13, no. 1 (2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36051/jiki.v13i1.84.

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Teeth are body tissues that are easily damaged. Dental caries will occur if there is lack of treatment. Mother has an important role to provide guidance and supervision of the incidence of dental caries in children of school aged 6-12 years. This study aims to determine the relationships between mother’s role with the incidence of dental caries school aged childrenn (grade 1 -3). This study used a quantitative research method with a cross sectional approach. Simple random sampling is used to gather data from 85 mother and children. The mother’s role was collected using 30 items questionnaire, and observation sheets used fordental caries incidence. The result indicates that more than half role of mothers is categorized as poor (52.9%) and good (47.1%). The observation showed that children who experienced dental caries were 85.9% and those who did not experience dental caries were 14.1%. The results of the chi test showed no relationship between the role of the mother and the incidence of dental caries (p value 0.248 (> 0.05). It is recommended for Public Health Center and nurses to conduct health promotion on dental health, and for schools to carry out regular toothbrush activities at least once every three months and carry out regular dental checks at least every six months. Keywords : Mothers’ Role, Dental Caries, School Aged Children

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Barreto, Kamila Azoubel, and Viviane Colares. "The social status associated with dental experience among Brazilian children." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 25, no. 10 (2020): 3913–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320202510.32312018.

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Abstract Dentists should be alert not only to clinical variables, but also to socioeconomic, psychological and cultural factors, which have all been associated with the experience of dental caries. The aim of this study of was to assess social status and dental experience among Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1367 male and female children aged six and seven years enrolled at public and private schools in the city of Recife (Brazil) in 2013. The children at tending public schools were socioeconomically less privileged than those attending private schools. Data were collected through interviews and intraoral examinations. Caries experience was high (53.3%) in the overall sample, but less privileged children had larger percentages of decayed teeth and teeth that required extraction (p < 0.001). Children from less privileged social class had a greater chance of having a low (OR = 1.77 [95%CI 1.33 - 2.35]), moderate (OR = 4.41 [95%CI: 3.18 - 6,14]) and high (OR = 9.55 [95%CI 6.01 - 15.16]) caries experience. They also had a greater chance of never visiting a dentist (OR= 2.90 [95% CI 2.25 - 3.74]) and had dental anxiety (OR = 1.70 [95%CI 1.34-2, 16]). Socioeconomic status influences the dental caries experience, the visits to the dentist and the dental anxiety of the children analyzed.

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Forte, F. D. S., R. J. Martins, S. A. Saliba Moimaz, C. A. das Saliba Garbin, and N. A. das Saliba. "Dental caries in preschool children in Bilac, Brazil." Public Health 119, no. 6 (2005): 556–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2004.08.004.

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Ram, S. P. "Dental Caries in Children with Congenital Heart Disease." Tropical Doctor 24, no. 2 (1994): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559402400217.

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Trubman, Aaron, Stephen L. Silberman, and Edward F. Meydrech. "Dental Caries Assessment of Mississippi Head Start Children." Journal of Public Health Dentistry 49, no. 3 (1989): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02055.x.

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Bach, Katie, and David Manton. "Viewpoint: Early childhood caries: a New Zealand perspective." Journal of Primary Health Care 6, no. 2 (2014): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14169.

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Dental caries, primarily a preventable disease, remains the most common chronic disease of childhood and one of the most common reasons for hospital admissions for children in New Zealand. The most vulnerable children are shouldering the burden of the disease, with Maori and Pacific children having greater experience and severity of dental caries. Early childhood caries has deleterious effects on a childs oral and general health and significant numbers of preschool-aged children experience pain and infection. Early identification by primary health care providers of children at high risk of developing early childhood caries can ensure these children are referred to the appropriate oral health services to receive appropriate and timely management. KEYWORDS: Dental care for children; dental caries; New Zealand; preschool child

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Al-Hijrah, Muh Fauzar, and Armidayanti Armidayanti. "Mother's Knowledge About Dental Health With Carrying Events In Children In Public Elementary School 1 Saleppa, Banggae District." Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 11, no. 2 (2020): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/preventif.v11i2.135.

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Dental caries attacks all people, all ages, both men and women, all tribes, races and at all levels of social status. The World Health Organization (WHO) survey in 2013 said that as many as 87% of school-age children around the world and most adults had suffered from dental caries. According to the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013, the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 5-9 years 28.9%, up from 2007 amounted to 21.6%. Dental and oral health services for elementary school children and the same level in Majene Regency were not optimally implemented in 2017 the percentage of students examined was 53.5% and those who received care were only 20% of the number that should be treated. This study aims to identify the relationship of maternal knowledge about dental health with caries incidence in children. This research uses observational research with cross sectional approach that connects independent variables with dependent variables at the same time. The total population in this study was 65 parents (mothers) students, and the sampling technique used was total sampling. Research Results From the Chi Squaredi test results obtained value ρ = 0,000 where the value of ρ is less than 0.05 which means there is a meaningful relationship between the knowledge of mother with caries incidence in children. It is suggested to mothers to seek more information about maintaining oral health and giving good food for dental health and it is hoped that the school will organize a School Dental Health Effort to pay more attention to the oral health of children

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Dwitama, Muhammad Bima Rizki, Nilna Naila Faiga, Nabilah Salim, et al. "Identifying Dental and Oral Health Problems of Kindergarteners using KAFOGI Dental Photography." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 3, no. 1 (2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v3i1.2020.4-6.

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Background: Caries is one of the most common dental and oral health problems in preschool students. An epidemiologicalstudy reported that students of a kindergarten under Mojo Public Health Center coverage have a high caries index (def6.9). The parental role, especially maternal role, significantly affects the child’s dental and oral health. Children will alsolearn from the attitudes and behavior of their parents and close relatives. The preliminary epidemiological study alsofound that 72.7% of the mothers had higher knowledge levels, and 27.3% of the mothers had lower knowledge levels.The many behavioral theories that state that knowledge is one of the factors that influence a person in behavior. In theera of globalization, information dissemination is done quickly and easily with the help of several media. Purpose: Anempowerment program was conducted to increase participants’ knowledge levels using Dental Photo Card (KAFOGI).Method: This descriptive research involving 73 mothers from kindergarten. They were given pre-test before doing theprograms. After viewing dental health education video, the mother were tested to place the image or photograph of teethand placed to the right place in KAFOGI card. Results: As much as 78.1% of respondents have answered correctly, whilerespondents who answered incorrectly were 21.9%. Conclusion: With your knowledge of the number of child caries teeth,you will behave in accessing information about the child’s oral health.

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Jaime, RA, TS Carvalho, GC Bonini, JCP Imparato, and FM Mendes. "Oral Health Education Program on Dental Caries Incidence for School Children." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 39, no. 3 (2015): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-39.3.277.

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Objective: This 3-year retrospective controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of a school-based oral health education program on caries incidence in children. Study design: A total of 240 students, aged 5 to 7 years, from two public schools in Monte Sião, Brazil, were included in this study. A school-based oral health education program was developed in one of the schools (experimental group), including 120 students, while the 120 students from the other school did not participate in the program (control group). All children were initially examined for dental caries (dmf-t), and after 3 years, 98 children from the experimental group and 96 from the control group were again examined and answered a questionnaire on oral health issues. The between-groups difference in caries incidence on permanent teeth was calculated using Poisson regression analyses. Logistic regression was used to observe the association between caries incidence and other variables. Results: More students from the experimental group stated knowing what was dental caries and declared that they use dental floss daily, but no significant differences in caries incidence was observed between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The school-based oral health education program is not adequately efficient to decrease caries incidence after three years, but some issues about oral health knowledge could be slightly improved.

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Pratha, A. Ashwatha, and S. Gheena. "Patterns and Distribution of Dental Caries and Dental Fluorosis in School Children of Sivakasi." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 3 (2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00463.7.

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Bardal, Priscila Ariede Petinuci, Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio, Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, and José Roberto de Magalhães Bastos. "Dental caries and dental fluorosis in 7-12-year-old schoolchildren in Catalão, Goiás, Brazil." Journal of Applied Oral Science 13, no. 1 (2005): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572005000100008.

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INTRODUCTION: Over the last two decades, the prevalence of dental caries in children has decreased and the prevalence of dental fluorosis has increased. Knowledge on the epidemiologic conditions of a population is fundamental for the planning of health programs. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among schoolchildren, in Catalão, Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: A random sample of 432 schoolchildren aged 7-12-years old was obtained. WHO (1997) criteria for dental caries and fluorosis diagnosis were used. RESULTS: The DMFT indexes were 0.97; 1.20; 1.80; 1.62; 2.40 and 2.51 for 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 years old, respectively. Analysis of dental fluorosis for the same ages presented higher prevalence at 12 years old and for the female gender. The percentage of questionable dental fluorosis (Dean's classification) was 34.0%. Only 3% of the sample presented dental fluorosis with scores very mild, mild and moderate. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of caries in schoolchildren of Catalão, Goiás, Brazil, was low. In average, private schools showed better results than public schools; however, all schools presented a low DMFT index. In this study, dental fluorosis is not a public health problem and has not damaged dental esthetics.

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Yen, Chin-En, Yuh-Yih Lin, and Suh-Woan Hu. "Anthropometric Status, Diet, and Dental Caries among Schoolchildren." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (2021): 7027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137027.

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Childhood dental caries and obesity are prevalent health problems. Results from previous studies of the caries–obesity relationship are conflicting. This study aimed to assess the association between anthropometric status and dental caries among schoolchildren, taking into account dietary habits, oral hygiene, and sociodemographic factors. This cross-sectional study recruited 569 children aged 6–12 years from five elementary schools in central Taiwan. Each child underwent an oral health examination and anthropometric measurements. The DMFT (decayed, missing due to caries, and filled permanent teeth) and deft (decayed, extracted, and filled primary teeth) indexes were calculated to record caries experience. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on food intake frequency and other related factors. The World Health Organization’s reference data was applied to define weight status: obese, overweight, and normal/underweight. The results showed that the mean (±standard deviation) deft and DMFT scores were 2.3 ± 2.6 and 0.7 ± 1.2, respectively, among participating children. The prevalence of obesity and overweight was 18.1% and 18.5%, respectively. After comprehensive evaluation of potential confounders, weight status was not an independent predictor of DMFT or deft scores in the negative binomial regression models. In conclusion, weight status was not associated with caries scores in primary or permanent teeth among 6–12 year-old schoolchildren.

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Poulsen, Vibeke Juul. "Caries Risk Children in the Danish Child Dental Service." Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care 5, no. 3 (1987): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02813438709013999.

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Gandeh, M. B. S., and W. A. Milaat. "Dental caries among schoolchildren: report of a health education campaign in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 2-3 (2000): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.2-3.396.

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The study describes a dental health education campaign and reports the epidemiology and prevalence rates of dental caries among male and female primary-school children in Jeddah. Over a 2-year period, all 296 public primary schools in Jeddah were visited by dentists conducting a health education campaign. A total of 82 250 children in the first and fourth grades were screened. The rate of detected dental caries was 83%, with significantly higher rates detected among females and first-grade children. Lower social class was significantly associated with higher rates of dental caries. The study emphasizes the importance of health education programmes and the value of school health surveys for targeting this young group

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Bader, James D., R. Gary Rozier, Kathleen N. Lohr, and Paul S. Frame. "Physicians' roles in preventing dental caries in preschool children." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 26, no. 4 (2004): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2003.12.001.

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McCabe, M., and M. J. Kinirons. "Dental caries and dental registration status in nursery school children in Newry, Northern Ireland." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 23, no. 2 (1995): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00203.x.

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Sheiham, Aubrey. "Impact of dental treatment on the incidence of dental caries in children and adults." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 25, no. 1 (1997): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1997.tb00906.x.

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Hartwig, Andreia Drawanz, Ana Regina Romano, and Marina Sousa Azevedo. "Prolonged Breastfeeding and Dental Caries In Children In the Third Year of Life." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 43, no. 2 (2019): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-43.2.4.

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Purpose: To assess the association between long-term breastfeeding and dental caries in children during the third year of life. Study design: This retrospective longitudinal study consisted of children who were followed-up by the Maternal and Child Public Oral Health Program. Information regarding socio-economic class, demographic status, daily frequency of sucrose intake, breastfeeding duration and oral hygiene were collected with the aid of a questionnaire. Information on dental caries in the children was collected from dental records. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess the association between breastfeeding duration and dental caries. Results: We included a total of 325 children in the study. The incidence of dental caries was found to be 12.92%. Even after adjustments, children who were breastfed for a period ≥24 months were more likely to have dental caries, when compared with children who were not breastfed or were breastfed for less than 6 months. Children who had a higher frequency of sucrose intake and those with dental plaque were more likely to have dental caries. Conclusion: In this study, a greater incidence of dental caries was found in children who were breastfed for a period ≥ 24 months..

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Xavier, Angela, Roosevelt Da Silva Bastos, Aline Megumi Arakawa, Magali De Lourdes Caldana, and José Roberto De Magalhães Bastos. "Correlation between dental caries and nutritional status: preschool children in a Brazilian municipality." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 42, no. 5 (2013): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1807-25772013000500010.

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INTRODUCTION: Dental caries and nutritional status in children in preschool age are serious public health problems, with multifactorial etiology, with diet as a common risk factor. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between dental caries and nutritional status of preschool children attending public schools in a city in the State of Sao Paulo. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study population was comprised of 3-5 year-old preschool children (n = 229) attending public schools, in which dmft (decay, missing, filled, teeth) was used for dental caries assessment and Body Mass Index (BMI) was used for nutritional status in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. Statistical analysis was performed in a descriptive way through absolute and relative frequencies and Spearman Correlation test and Kruskal Wallis (P<0.05). RESULT: A dmft of 1.65 (2.87) and a SiC index (Significant Caries Index) of 4.88 (3.20) have been found, indicating polarization of dental caries. It was observed that 66.81% of children presented with nutritional status within the normal range and children with malnutrition had a mean dmft of 4.0 (3.66), which is two times higher than the other categories of nutritional status. No statistically significant correlation has been found by correlating dmft and components with Body Mass Index. CONCLUSION: This research did not identify a significant correlation between the occurrence of dental caries and nutritional status of preschool children, researches should be conducted to elucidate this relationship.

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Chen, Jieyi, Ni Zhou, Biao Xu, Yuexiao Li, Shinan Zhang, and Chunhung Chu. "Oral Health Status of 12-Year-Old Hani Children in the Yunnan Province of China: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (2021): 5294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105294.

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Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral health status of Hani 12-year-old children in Yunnan, a province in Southwest China. Method: This study employed a multistage sampling method to recruit children from local primary schools. Two calibrated dentists examined the status of dental caries, gingival bleeding and dental fluorosis by adopting the diagnosis criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were conducted. Results: This study invited 480 Hani children, and recruited 413 children (52% boys) (response rate: 86%). The dental caries prevalence was 52%, and the caries experience associated with the mean (standard deviation) decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score was 1.10 (1.46). Gingival bleeding was diagnosed in 252 children (61%), and dental fluorosis was found in two children (0.5%). The results of the regression model indicated the prevalence of dental caries were associated with sugary snacking habits (p = 0.002). The prevalence of gingival bleeding was related to the mother’s education level as well as the child’s monthly pocket money (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dental caries and gingival bleeding were prevalent among 12-year-old Hani children in the Yunnan province in China. Dental fluorosis was uncommon.

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Dikshit, Parajeeta, Senchhema Limbu, and Rosina Bhattarai. "Relationship of Body Mass Index with Dental Caries among Children Attending Pediatric Dental Department in an Institute." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 56, no. 210 (2018): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.3517.

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Introduction: Oral health, the mirror of general well being, is altered by many mediators like infection, chronic inflammation, and genetic predisposition. The present dietary pattern among children is contributing to childhood overweight as well as increasing the risk for developing dental caries. The food habits contributing to dental caries as well as obesity are similar. Undernutrition has also shown to be associated with the dental caries. The study was conducted to investigate the relationship of body mass index to dental caries.Methods: A cross sectional clinical study was conducted on 7 to 12 year old children, studying in public schools, visiting the Department of Pediatric Dentistry for a routine dental check up. The study evaluated the nutritional status by calculating the body mass index using the formula BMI= Weight (kg)/Height2 (m2). Then their Body Mass Index and correlated with the Dental caries status using WHO criteria for decayed, missing and filled teeth index. Data analysis was done by SPSS 20 software program.Results: Total of 251 children between 7 to 12 years were evaluated. The mean age of the participants was 9.12 years. No statistically significant result was found on comparing the nutritional status to dental caries (P=0.43). A statistically significant difference though was found on comparing dental caries status among gender (P=0.021) as well different age groups (P=0.031).Conclusions: The study showed the presence of more normal and underweight children but there was no statistically significant association between body mass index and decayed, missing and filled teeth index.

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Weber, Megan, Jenny Bogstad Søvik, Aida Mulic, et al. "Redefining the Phenotype of Dental Caries." Caries Research 52, no. 4 (2018): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481414.

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Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease and a major public health problem estimated to affect 60-90% of school children as well as a vast number of adults. The aim of this work was to define patterns of progression of the disease based on longitudinal data in contrast to using a cross-sectional assessment. dmft/DMFT scores were collected at ages 5, 12, 14, 16, 17, and 18 from 876 individuals. We tested our newly defined phenotypes for association with genetic variants in genes shown to be associated with caries. We generated genotyping data using Taqman chemistry in markers of genes involved in processes such as enamel formation and salivary contributions. Kallikrein 4 (KLK4) was found to show a significant association with the created phenotypes (p = 0.0008 in a recessive model for low caries experience in the primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition, and p = 0.0004 in a recessive model for caries free primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition).

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Solanki, Geetesh C., Neil Myburgh, and Mohammed H. Moola. "Dental caries in Black preschool children in Cape Town." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 19, no. 3 (1991): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00138.x.

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Poulsen, S. "Dental caries in Danish children and adolescents 1988-94." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 24, no. 4 (1996): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00860.x.

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Wong, May C. M., Eli Schwarz, and Edward C. M. Lo. "Patterns of dental caries severity in Chinese kindergarten children." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 25, no. 5 (1997): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1997.tb00952.x.

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Graves, Richard C., Harry M. Bohannan, Judith A. Disney, John W. Stamm, James D. Bader, and James R. Abernathy. "Recent Dental Caries and Treatment Patterns in US Children." Journal of Public Health Dentistry 46, no. 1 (1986): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1986.tb03088.x.

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O'Sullivan, David M., Joanna M. Douglass, Richard Champany, Steve Tetrev, Norman Tinanoff, and Suzanne Eberling. "Dental Caries Prevalence and Treatment among Navajo Preschool Children." Journal of Public Health Dentistry 54, no. 3 (1994): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01205.x.

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Bhagat, T. K., and A. Shrestha. "Dental caries experience among school children of Eastern Nepal - significant caries index." Health Renaissance 12, no. 2 (2015): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i2.14103.

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Background: Dental caries, an infectious microbiologic disease of dental hard tissues, is a common public health problem worldwide. The distribution of dental caries studied in any population, shows that a few in the population experience a lot of decayed teeth and most do not experience any at all or experience very little.Objective: To assess the extent and severity of dental caries among 5-12 years old children of eastern Nepal using DMFT(Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth) and SiC (Significant Caries) index.Methods: Six hundred and sixteen 5-12 years old school children were examined for decayed, missing and filled teeth using WHO criteria. DMFT, dft (decayed filled teeth) and SiC Indices were calculated. Results: The mean dft and SiC* were 1.84 and 4.60 respectively, whereas mean DMFT and SiC were 0.33 and 0.92 respectively.Conclusion: SiC gives a better picture of the at risk population, hence it should be widely used along with dft/DMFT.Health Renaissance 2014;12(2): pp 74-77

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Shitie, Anguach, Rahel Addis, Abebe Tilahun, and Wassie Negash. "Prevalence of Dental Caries and Its Associated Factors among Primary School Children in Ethiopia." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (March 13, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6637196.

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Background. Dental caries (decay or cavities) is a breakdown of teeth as a result of bacteria. Dental caries is one of the preventable oral health problems and the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Poor dental and oral health affect the quality of children’s life. Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors among primary school children in Alem Ketema, North Showa, Ethiopia. Methodology. An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 primary school children, from February 9 to March 8, 2020. Pretested structured questionnaire and oral examinations were conducted by using the WHO criteria (DMFT) index to collect the data. The data were entered into Epi-Data 3.1 software, and analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23 and variables with P value ≤0.05 in the multivariable binary logistic analysis were considered as a cut-point to declare statistical significance. Result. The prevalence of dental caries was 46.9% (95% CI: 42.1, 51.7). The mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index was 1.28 (±1.21). Being male (AOR = 1.975, 95% CI = 1.067–3.66), lack of parents’ insistence (AOR = 2.052, 95% CI = 1.079–3.902), lack of oral health education program (AOR = 4.753, 95% CI = 1.69–13.38), history of dental aches (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.55–5.32), and poor habit of mouth wash (AOR = 4.74, 95% CI = 2.55–8.79) were found significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusion. The prevalence of dental caries was higher and a common public health problem among school children. Lack of parent’s insistence, sex, dental ache history, poor practices of mouth wash, and lack of oral health education were significant predictors of dental caries. Therefore, oral health education program and parents encouraging their children to practice oral hygiene are important to prevent dental caries.

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Kidd, Jamie BR, Alex D. McMahon, Andrea Sherriff, et al. "Evaluation of a national complex oral health improvement programme: a population data linkage cohort study in Scotland." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (2020): e038116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038116.

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ObjectivesChild dental caries is a global public health challenge with high prevalence and wide inequalities. A complex public health programme (Childsmile) was established. We aimed to evaluate the reach of the programme and its impact on child oral health.SettingEducation, health and community settings, Scotland-wide.InterventionsChildsmile (national oral health improvement programme) interventions: nursery-based fluoride varnish applications (FVAs) and supervised daily toothbrushing, community-based Dental Health Support Worker (DHSW) contacts and primary care dental practice visits—delivered to the population via a proportionate universal approach.Participants50 379 children (mean age=5.5 years, SD=0.3) attending local authority schools (2014/2015).DesignPopulation-based individual child-level data on four Childsmile interventions linked to dental inspection survey data to form a longitudinal cohort. Logistic regression assessed intervention reach and the independent impact of each intervention on caries experience, adjusting for age, sex and area-based Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD).Outcome measuresReach of the programme is defined as the percentage of children receiving each intervention at least once by SIMD fifth. Obvious dental caries experience (presence/absence) is defined as the presence of decay (into dentine), missing (extracted) due to decay or filled deciduous teeth.Results15 032 (29.8%) children had caries experience. The universal interventions had high population reach: nursery toothbrushing (89.1%), dental practice visits (70.5%). The targeted interventions strongly favoured children from the most deprived areas: DHSW contacts (SIMD 1: 29.5% vs SIMD 5: 7.7%), nursery FVAs (SIMD 1: 75.2% vs SIMD 5: 23.2%). Odds of caries experience were markedly lower among children participating in nursery toothbrushing (>3 years, adjusted OR (aOR)=0.60; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.66) and attending dental practice (≥6 visits, aOR=0.55; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.61). The findings were less clear for DHSW contacts. Nursery FVAs were not independently associated with caries experience.ConclusionsThe universal interventions, nursery toothbrushing and regular dental practice visits were independently and most strongly associated with reduced odds of caries experience in the cohort, with nursery toothbrushing having the greatest impact among children in areas of high deprivation.

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van der Tas, Justin T., Lea Kragt, Jaap J. S. Veerkamp, et al. "Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands." Caries Research 50, no. 5 (2016): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000448663.

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The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in caries prevalence of children from ethnic minority groups compared to native Dutch children and the influence of socio-economic status (SES) and parent-reported oral health behaviour on this association. The study had a cross-sectional design, embedded in a population-based prospective multi-ethnic cohort study. 4,306 children with information on caries experience, belonging to 7 different ethnic groups, participated in this study. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index was assessed at the age of 6 and categorized in two ways for analysis: children without caries (dmft = 0) versus any caries experience (dmft >0) and children without caries (dmft = 0) versus children with mild caries (dmft = 1-3) or severe caries (dmft >3). Compared to native Dutch children, children with a Surinamese-Hindustani, Surinamese-Creole, Turkish, Moroccan, and Cape Verdean background had significantly higher odds for dental caries. Especially the Surinamese-Hindustani, Turkish, and Moroccan group had significantly higher odds for severe dental caries. Household income and educational level of the mother explained up to 43% of the association between ethnicity and dental caries, whereas parent-reported oral health behaviour did not mediate the association. Alarming disparities in caries prevalence between different ethnic (minority) groups exist, which cannot be fully explained by social inequalities. Public health strategies can apply this new knowledge and specifically focus on the reduction of ethnic disparities in oral health. More research is needed to explain the high caries prevalence among different ethnic minority groups.

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Montes, Gisele Ristow, Danielle Veiga Bonotto, Fernanda Morais Ferreira, José Vitor Nogara Borges Menezes, and Fabian Calixto Fraiz. "Caregiver’s oral health literacy is associated with prevalence of untreated dental caries in preschool children." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 24, no. 7 (2019): 2737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018247.18752017.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between oral health literacy (OHL) among caregivers and untreated dental caries among preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 415 preschool children and their caregivers from Curitiba, Brazil. The children were examined for dental caries and dental plaque. The caregivers’ OHL was evaluated using an instrument translated and validated for Brazilian Portuguese: the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. The prevalence of children with untreated caries was 42.9% (95%CI: 38.1-47.7%). A low degree of OHL was found among 15.7% (95%CI: 12.2-19.2) of caregivers. The multivariable Poisson regression analysis indicated a higher prevalence of untreated caries among children whose caregivers had a low OHL (PR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.79), those with visible plaque (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) and those who never or only occasionally had their teeth brushed by their caregivers (PR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.16-1.91) in comparison to those without these conditions. In conclusion, a higher prevalence of untreated dental caries was found among preschool children whose caregivers had a low degree of OHL.

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Ngoenwiwatkul, Yaowaluk, and Niramon Leela-adisorn. "Effects of Dental Caries on Nutritional Status Among First-Grade Primary School Children." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 21, no. 2 (2009): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539509331787.

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The aim of this study was to explore association between caries prevalence and nutritional status among first-grade primary school children. A cross-sectional study of 212 students was conducted. All students were weighed and measured and then the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Each student underwent dental examination and was interviewed. Overall, caries prevalence was 80.2% and the average decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) were 12.4 ± 12.3. Although none of the students was in the underweight category, 45.8% were in low percentile (5th < BMI-for-age < 15th). Multiple logistic regression showed that each extra carious surface (dmfs) increased the odds of being at risk for underweight (5th < BMI-for-age < 15th) by 3.1% after adjusting for gender and dental visits. Our findings stressed that caries has significant implications on overall child health and health personnel should increase awareness of negative impacts and promote healthy nutritional choices for children.

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Prasertsom, Piyada, Issarapong Kaewkamnerdpong, and Sudaduang Krisdapong. "Condition-Specific Oral Health Impacts in Thai Children and Adolescents: Findings From the National Oral Health–Related Quality of Life Survey." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 32, no. 1 (2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539519899774.

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This study was a part of the 7th National Oral Health Survey of Thailand and aimed to assess overall and condition-specific oral health–related quality of life of 12 and 15 year olds. Oral impacts were assessed using the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances Index for 12 year olds and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index for 15 year olds. Overall oral impacts and condition-specific oral impacts (CS-impacts) were calculated. Detailed characteristics of CS-impacts were analyzed. Seventy-five percent of 12 year olds and 70.1% of 15 year olds had one or more oral impacts. CS-impacts attributed to dental caries were 37.8% and 36.5% for 12 and 15 year olds, respectively, followed by CS-impacts attributed to periodontal diseases and oral lesions. Dental caries was the most important cause of oral impacts. The severe impacts on daily performances of 12 year olds were mainly caused by dental caries, while those of 15 year olds related to dental caries and oral lesions. The majority of Thai children and adolescents experienced oral impacts. CS-impacts attributed to dental caries were most prevalent and most severe.

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Masood, Mohd, Norashikin Yusof, Mohamed I. A. Hassan, and Nasaruddin Jaafar. "Longitudinal Study of Dental Caries Increment in Malaysian School Children." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 26, no. 3 (2012): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539511420704.

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Chibole, Opati. "Dental Caries Among Children in High Fluoride Regions of Kenya." Journal of the Royal Society of Health 108, no. 1 (1988): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642408810800113.

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Siswanto, Secondini Hillary, Janery Fidelia Abraham, Nisrina Qurrota ‘Aini, et al. "The Effect of Identification and Management of Dental Health Problems on Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers Knowledge Levels in Keputih Public Health Center (Puskesmas)." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 2, no. 1 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v2i1.2019.16-18.

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Background: Caries is a common dental and oral health problem. Caries is one of the serious health problems for schoolchildren, especially elementary school children. Primary school-age children are susceptible to dental and oral healthproblems due to lack of knowledge, and they are still unable to maintain oral and dental health. The level of teacher’sknowledge about dental and oral health influences students’ attitudes and behavior regarding dental and oral health.Purpose: To identify the effect of identification and management of dental health problems empowerment program onkindergarten and elementary school teachers’ knowledge in Keputih public health center (Puskesmas). Methods: Thiswas an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The population was a kindergarten and elementaryteachers in Keputih. Results: The result showed an increase in teachers’ knowledge from 50% to 72.5% after theintervention. Conclusions: The program concluded that there was an increase in teachers’ knowledge levels regardingthe identification and management of resolving dental health problems.

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Fernando, S., S. K. Tadakamadla, M. Bakr, P. A. Scuffham, and N. W. Johnson. "Indicators of Risk for Dental Caries in Children: A Holistic Approach." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 4, no. 4 (2019): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084419834236.

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Background Dental caries in children is a major public health problem worldwide, with a multitude of determinants acting upon children to different degrees in different communities. The objective of this study was to determine maternal, environmental, and intraoral indicators of dental caries experience in a sample of 6- to 7-y-old children in South East Queensland, Australia. Methods: A total of 174 mother-child dyads were recruited for this cross-sectional study from the Griffith University Environments for Healthy Living birth cohort study. Maternal education, employment status, and prepregnancy body mass index were maternal indicators, and annual household income was taken as a proxy for environmental indicators. These were collected as baseline data of the study. Clinical data on children’s dental caries experience, saliva characteristics of buffering capacity, stimulated flow rate, and colony-forming units per milliliter of salivary mutans streptococci were collected for the oral health substudy. Univariate analysis was performed with 1-way analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Caries experience was the outcome, which was classified into 4 categories based on the number of carious tooth surfaces. Ordinal logistic regression was used to explore the association of risk indicators with caries experience. Results: Age ( P = 0.021), low salivary buffering capacity ( P = 0.001), reduced levels of salivary flow rate ( P = 0.011), past caries experience ( P = 0.001), low annual household income; <$30,000 (P = 0.050) and <$60,000 (P = 0.033) and maternal employment status ( P = 0.043) were associated with high levels of dental caries. Conclusion These data support the evidence of associations between maternal, environmental, and children’s intraoral characteristics and caries experience among children in a typical Western industrialized country. All of these need to be considered in preventative strategies within families and communities. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians, epidemiologists, and policy makers to identify children who are at risk of developing dental caries. With consideration of costs for treatment for the disease, this information could be used to plan cost-effective and patient-centered preventive care.

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Włoch, Krzysztof, Piotr Książek, Anna Krajewska, and Dorota Rolińska. "Organization of dental care – caries prophylaxis in children and teenagers in Poland." Polish Journal of Public Health 129, no. 2 (2019): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2019-0016.

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Abstract Dental caries in children and teenagers is a social problem and an important element in public health. It stems from its high prevalence and the consequences of not implementing proper treatment are serious. Younger and younger children suffer from dental caries. When it is not treated, the consequences tend to be serious and costly. Pathogenesis of dental caries, methods of treatment and its prevention have been described based on available literature. The decline in frequency of its appearance will be beneficial for both the sick and society. It will be possible thanks to an early introduction of caries prophylaxis. What is more, a change of mindset and lifestyle is highly recommended as well, not to mention the fact that full and easy access to dental care seems to be essential. All of the factors mentioned above are strictly connected with the proper organization of dental care providing special treatment for children and teenagers in Poland. Its scale should be wide and should cover such activities like teaching to brush one’s teeth properly, access to fluoridation or treatment provided in public dental surgeries located, for example, on school grounds. Current organization of dental care is dealing better and better with the issue concerned, however, to minimalize the risk of caries in children further changes should be introduced.

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Edasseri, Anu, Tracie A. Barnett, Khady Kâ, Mélanie Henderson, and Belinda Nicolau. "Oral Health–Promoting School Environments and Dental Caries in Québec Children." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 53, no. 5 (2017): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.07.005.

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Shashikiran, ND, Pratibha Ahirwar, Priyanka Maran, and Pawan Raj Kannojiya. "Prevalence of Dental Caries and Traumatic Dental Injuries among 6- to 12-year-old Children in Bhopal City, India." International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 10, no. 2 (2017): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1429.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Dental caries and trauma are the most common oral health problems for many decades. There is need for prevalence data to analyze the nature of the problems and to take necessary steps in improving public health. Aim and objectives To assess the prevalence of dental caries and traumatic dental injuries among schoolchildren of age 6 to 12 years in Bhopal city. Settings and design Cross-sectional study design was selected. Universal sampling method was followed in this study. Materials and methods A total of 1,204 children were examined. The distribution of samples was done based on age, gender, residing area, and type of school. Statistical analysis Data were collected and statistically evaluated under chi-square test and analysis of variance. Results The overall caries experience (73.17%) was found to be higher than that of traumatic injury experience (20.9%). There was age-related correlation between age and decay, missing, and filled teeth score. Conclusion Since most injuries occur at home or at school, educating the individual is the key that will have a great impact on the prognosis of traumatic injuries. Also good food habits need to be instilled in children from a tender age with the help of parents, which is the ultimate solution to fight caries. How to cite this article Maran S, Shashikiran ND, Ahirwar P, Maran P, Kannojiya PR, Niranjan B. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Traumatic Dental Injuries among 6- to 12-year-old Children in Bhopal City, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):172-176.

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Huang, Debbie, Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, Kenny Chung, et al. "Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (2019): 2579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142579.

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The global nutrition transition has contributed to child obesity and dental caries in developing countries, including Vietnam. Few studies have described the nutrition and oral health of mothers and children. This a descriptive study of the nutrition and oral health characteristics of a convenience sample of 571 children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers from 5 urban preschools in Central and South Vietnam. The mothers completed a written survey, and the children received dental exams and weight/height measurements. High rates of bottle-feeding and the consumption of sweets were reported. One in 4 children were overweight/obese. Dental caries increased in prevalence and severity by age—at 5 years, 86.7% of children had tooth decay in an average of 8.5 teeth, and 70.9% experienced mouth pain. Most mothers and children suffered from untreated dental disease. Public health programs should focus on nutrition and oral health promotion, as well as dental treatment from pregnancy and birth onward.

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O'Sullivan, David M., and Norman Tinanoff. "The Association of Early Dental Caries Patterns with Caries Incidence in Preschool Children." Journal of Public Health Dentistry 56, no. 2 (1996): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1996.tb02401.x.

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Torres, Thaís Ariane Perdigão, Larissa Corradi-Dias, Patrícia Drummond Oliveira, et al. "Association between sense of coherence and dental caries: systematic review and meta-analysis." Health Promotion International 35, no. 3 (2019): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz038.

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Abstract Sense of coherence (SOC) is regarded as the individuals' capacity for managing the stressors over their lifespan. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between SOC and dental caries. Electronic searchers were conducted in six databases: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Proquest from their date of inception until November/2017. An update took place in August/2018. A hand search in the reference list of the included articles and gray literature search were also carried out. Retrieved titles/abstracts were screened by two review authors. Data of the included articles were extracted and quality assessment was also conducted. The first search retrieved 346 titles/abstracts. The update retrieved 33 records. Following the removal of 70 duplicates, 309 references were screened and 17 were included. The quality assessment ranged from low quality articles to high quality articles. High quality study showed that adult individuals with lower SOC were more likely to have dental caries. Meta-analysis showed that adolescents with low SOC were 5.41 times more likely to present dental caries than adolescents with high SOC (CI = 2.15–13.59). Mothers with low SOC were 5.55 times more likely to have children/adolescents with dental caries than mothers with high SOC (CI = 2.92–10.57). The subgroup analysis exploring continuous data showed that the SOC of mothers of children/adolescents without dental caries was significantly higher than the SOC of mothers of children/adolescents with dental caries (CI = 0.10–0.51). Higher levels of SOC seem to be associated with lower levels of dental caries.

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Roberts, Michael. "Dental Health of Children: Where We Are Today and Remaining Challenges." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 32, no. 3 (2008): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.32.3.d5180888m8gmm282.

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Dental caries remains the most common disease in man and presents a tremendous health-affecting challenge and fiscal burden to both developed and underdeveloped countries. Changing demographics including increased number of ethnic minorities, cultural practices and diet, the number of children living in poverty or near poverty, and the special needs of medically compromised children have made solutions more complex and evasive. Systemic and topical fluoride contacts remain the most cost-effective public health response to preventing caries among children. The time-honored impact of reducing sugars and carbohydrates in the diet and improving oral hygiene practices also remain essential. New technology has the potential of offering remineralization strategies. The dental profession is challenged to be proactive in identifying alternatives and implementing new and creative ways to embrace underserved children and improve their access to care including trauma prevention. The impact on families and society, including financial and general well-being, due to poor oral health is significant. Lower income families absorb disproportionately the effect of dental diseases due to lack of education, food availability and selection, and access to early preventive care.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dental caries in children Dental public health'

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