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Journal articles on the topic "Dental public health Dental surveys Dental Health Surveys"
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Marcus, M., C. A. Maida, Y. Wang, et al. "Child and Parent Demographic Characteristics and Oral Health Perceptions Associated with Clinically Measured Oral Health." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 3, no. 3 (2018): 302–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084418774549.
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Objective: To examine child and parent reports about the child’s oral health and assess the associations of these reports with clinical assessments of oral health status by dental examiners. Methods: Surveys with 139 items for children and 133 items for parents were administered by Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview Software. In addition, the Children’s Oral Health Status Index (COHSI) was computed from a dental examination. Results: A total of 334 families with children ages 8 to 17 y participated at 12 dental practices in Los Angeles County. Ordinary least squares regression models were estimated separately for child and parent surveys to identify items uniquely associated with the COHSI. Ten of 139 items the children reported regarding their oral health were associated with the COHSI. The strongest associations were found for child’s age, aesthetic factors (straight teeth and pleased with teeth), and cognitive factors related to perception of dental appearance (pleased/happy with the look of the child’s mouth, teeth, and jaws). Nine of 133 parent items about the child’s oral health were associated with the COHSI in the parent model, notably being a single parent, parent’s gender, parent born in the United States, pleased or happy with the look of their child’s teeth, and accessing the Internet. Conclusion: These child and parent survey items have potential to be used to assess oral health status for groups of children in programs and practices in lieu of dental screenings. Knowledge Translation Statement: The paper’s results inform the development of a toolkit that can be used by schools, public health agencies, and dental programs to identify children with low oral health status based on parents’ and children’s responses to survey items across demographic, physical, mental, and social domains. These survey items can be used to inform parents of the desirability of proactively addressing inadequacies in their child’s oral health status, enabling them to more rationally address dental needs.
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Pasiga, Burhanuddin Daeng. "Public Perception of Dental Health Care during the Covid-19 Pandemic using Teledentistry Surveys." Archives of Dentistry and Oral Health 3, no. 2 (2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22259/2638-4809.0302005.
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Robinson, Peter G., Paulo Nadanovsky, and Aubrey Sheiham. "Can Questionnaires Replace Clinical Surveys to Assess Dental Treatment Needs of Adults?" Journal of Public Health Dentistry 58, no. 3 (1998): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1998.tb03002.x.
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Gandeh, M. B. S., and W. A. Milaat. "Dental caries among schoolchildren: report of a health education campaign in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 2-3 (2000): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.2-3.396.
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The study describes a dental health education campaign and reports the epidemiology and prevalence rates of dental caries among male and female primary-school children in Jeddah. Over a 2-year period, all 296 public primary schools in Jeddah were visited by dentists conducting a health education campaign. A total of 82 250 children in the first and fourth grades were screened. The rate of detected dental caries was 83%, with significantly higher rates detected among females and first-grade children. Lower social class was significantly associated with higher rates of dental caries. The study emphasizes the importance of health education programmes and the value of school health surveys for targeting this young group
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Saunders, Catherine L., Adam Steventon, Barbara Janta, et al. "Healthcare utilization among migrants to the UK: cross-sectional analysis of two national surveys." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 26, no. 1 (2020): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1355819620911392.
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Objective To contribute objective evidence on health care utilization among migrants to the UK to inform policy and service planning. Methods We analysed data from Understanding Society, a household survey with fieldwork from 2015 to 2017, and the European Health Interview Survey with data collected between 2013 and 2014. We explored health service utilization among migrants to the UK across primary care, inpatient admissions and maternity care, outpatient care, mental health, dental care and physiotherapy. We adjusted for age, sex, long-term health conditions and time since moving to the UK. Results Health care utilization among migrants to the UK was lower than utilization among the UK-born population for all health care dimensions except inpatient admissions for childbirth; odds ratio (95%CI) range 0.58 (0.50–0.68) for dental care to 0.88 (0.78–0.98) for primary care). After adjusting for differences in age and self-reported health, these differences were no longer observed, except for dental care (odds ratio 0.57, 95%CI 0.49–0.66, P < 0.001). Across primary care, outpatient and inpatient care, utilization was lower among those who had recently migrated, increasing to the levels of the nonmigrant population after 10 years or more since migrating to the UK. Conclusions This study finds that newly arrived migrants tend to utilize less health care than the UK population and that this pattern was at least partly explained by better health, and younger age. Our findings contribute nationally representative evidence to inform public debate and decision-making on migration and health.
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Cunha, Leonardo Fernandes da, and Nilce Emy Tomita. "Dental fluorosis in Brazil: a systematic review from 1993 to 2004." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 22, no. 9 (2006): 1809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2006000900011.
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The current article proposes a reflection on several aspect pertaining to dental fluorosis in Brazil, based on a systematic review of epidemiological surveys. The authors assess the prevalence and degrees of severity found in different studies and show that in methodological terms, there is a need for progress in procedures for population-based studies on fluorosis. Despite the different data collection approaches, there is some consensus among the different studies as to the limited severity of fluorosis in Brazil, as well as its association with the independent variables age and socioeconomic status. The authors also highlight the importance of adding subjective aspects to the normative diagnosis as a contribution to public health policy decisions, since the use of exclusively clinical criteria gives dental fluorosis more space than society ascribes to it. There is a lack of empirical evidence to reassess the fluoride content in public water supplies, a method that is known to be necessary to improve dental caries epidemiological indicators.
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Rendžova, Vasilka, Sonja Apostolska, Marina Eftimoska, Biljana Džipunova, and Vesna Filipovska. "Work related muskuloskeletal disorders among dentists at the university dental clinic in Skopje." Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije 65, no. 2 (2018): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sdj-2018-0009.
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Summary Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most common types of work-related diseases that affect health workers, especially dentists. The aim of our study was to examine the presence of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists at the university dental clinic in correlation with risk factors. Materials and methods A questionnaire survey was carried out among 78 dental practitioners aged between 20 to 60 years old, employed at the university dental clinic. Questions included data on physical and psychosocial workload, perceived general health and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints in the past 12 months, chronic complaints, frequency and length of breaks, exercising habits as well as medical care seeking. Results Pain in the back, neck and shoulders (84.6% / 85.9%) was the most common complaint among the majority of respondents, while reduced range of movement was noticed among significantly fewer subjects, mostly between 40-60 years of age. Prolonged statistic position was considered to be one of the main causes of MSDs (82.05%) while 73.08% of respondents stated at least two more reasons beside this one. Conclusion The percentage of MSDs prevalence among dentists in public health sector is high. More extensive surveys should be undertaken to cover larger group of dentists from both private and public sector, in order to obtain complete analysis of the prevalence of occupational disorders in our country.
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Löe, H. "Forty Years of Progress." Advances in Dental Research 3, no. 1 (1989): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374890030010201.
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The celebration of the 40th anniversary of the National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR) provides an opportunity for reviewing the growth of dental research over the decades. The Institute owes its origin to public and professional concern over the dental health of Americans and the prospect that a Federal investment in dental research could pay off. The early years of the Institute were devoted to studies of fluoride and dental caries, with notable achievements in clinical trials of water fluoridation and caries microbiology. During the 1960s came the discovery that the periodontal diseases, like dental caries, were bacterial infections that could be prevented. Basic and clinical research expanded, and the research manpower pool grew with the addition of microbiologists, immunologists, salivary gland investigators, and other basic biomedical and behavioral scientists. The Institute created special broad-based Dental Research Institutes and Centers to foster interdisciplinary research, and continued to expand its research base. A national survey undertaken by NIDR in the late 1970s showed major declines in caries prevalence in schoolchildren. Recent NIDR surveys of adults and older Americans as well as a second children's survey have demonstrated overall improvements in oral health and a continued decline in childhood caries. There remain serious oral health problems among older Americans and among individuals and groups susceptible to disease. NIDR will focus on these high-risk individuals in future research aimed at eliminating edentulousness. At the same time, the Institute will continue the cell and molecular biology studies in the area of development, oncology, bone research, and other basic and clinical fields that mark the emergence of dental research as a major force and contributor to biomedical advances today.
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Dixit, Ashutosh, Varun Arora, Kapil Loomba, et al. "Comment on “Dental Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Need of the Institutionalized Elderly Living in Geriatric Homes in Mangalore: A Pilot Study”." ISRN Dentistry 2013 (May 2, 2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/535480.
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Public Health Dentistry is a speciality which is targeted towards the larger benefit of community and society. Dental health surveys in specific population groups should be planned adequately and the data should be analyzed in such a way so that it may help in making strategies for the intervention to improve the existing status. This could be only done with the help of proper planning, analysis and interpretation of a sample survey. The present study highlights the research design, statistical and inferential errors in a published work of public health dentistry in order to bring about the common mistakes and errors made. The renewed suggested approach helps in interpreting the results in a better way and makes them objective-oriented.
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Joda, Tim, Tuomas Waltimo, Christiane Pauli-Magnus, Nicole Probst-Hensch, and Nicola Zitzmann. "Population-Based Linkage of Big Data in Dental Research." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (2018): 2357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112357.
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Population-based linkage of patient-level information opens new strategies for dental research to identify unknown correlations of diseases, prognostic factors, novel treatment concepts and evaluate healthcare systems. As clinical trials have become more complex and inefficient, register-based controlled (clinical) trials (RC(C)T) are a promising approach in dental research. RC(C)Ts provide comprehensive information on hard-to-reach populations, allow observations with minimal loss to follow-up, but require large sample sizes with generating high level of external validity. Collecting data is only valuable if this is done systematically according to harmonized and inter-linkable standards involving a universally accepted general patient consent. Secure data anonymization is crucial, but potential re-identification of individuals poses several challenges. Population-based linkage of big data is a game changer for epidemiological surveys in Public Health and will play a predominant role in future dental research by influencing healthcare services, research, education, biotechnology, insurance, social policy and governmental affairs.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dental public health Dental surveys Dental Health Surveys"
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Koopu, Pauline Irihaere, and n/a. "Kia pakari mai nga niho : oral health outcomes, self-report oral health measures and oral health service utilisation among Maori and non-Maori." University of Otago. School of Dentistry, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070502.152634.
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Health is determined by the past as well as the present; the health status of indigenous peoples has been strongly influnced by the experience of colonisation and their subsequent efforts to participate as minorities in contemporary society while retaining their own ethnic and cultural identities. Colonial journays may have led to innovation and adaptation for Maori, but they have also created pain and suffering from which full recovery has yet to be felt (Durie, 2001).
The oral health area can be described as having considerable and unacceptable disparities between Maori and non-Maori (Broughton 1995; Thomson, Ayers and Broughton 2003). Few reports have been conducted concerning Maori and patterns of oral health service utilisation, however a lower service utilisation among Maori than non-Maori has been noted (TPK 1996; Broughton and Koopu 1996). Overall, Maori oral health is largely unknown due to a paucity of appropriate research.
This research aims to provide new information by describing Maori oral health outcomes over the life course, within a Kaupapa Maori Research (KMR) methodology. In general, the basic tenets presented for KMR are: (1) to prioritise Maori - from the margin to the centre; (2) to be Maori controlled - by Maori, for Maori; (3) to reject �victim-blame� theories; and (4) to be a step towards action and change in order to improve Maori oral health outcomes.
The aims of this research are to:
1. Describe the occurrence of caris at ages 5, 15, 18 and 26 and periodontal disease at age 26 years for Maori.
2. Describe self-reported oral health, self-reported dental aesthetics and oral health service utilisation among Maori at ages 5, 15, 18 and 26.
3. Compare the above oral health characteristics between Maori and non-Maori .
4. Investigate the determinants of any differences in oral health outcomes between Māori and non-Maori using a KMR methodology.
The investigation involves a secondary analysis of data from the Dunedin multidisciplinary Health and Development study (DMHDS). The existing data-set was statistically analysed using SPSS (SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). Descriptive statistics were generated. The levels of statistical significance were set at P< 0.05. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions and independent sample t-tests or ANOVA were used for comparing means.
A summary of the Maori/non-Maori analysis shows that, for a cohort of New Zealanders followed over their life-course, the oral health features of caries prevalence, caries severity, and periodonal disease prevalence are higher among Maori compared to non-Maori. In particular, it appears that while Maori females did not always have the highest prevalence of dental caries, this group most often had a higher dmfs/DMFS for dental caries, compared to non-Maori. As adolescents and adults, self-reported results of oral health and dental appearance indicate that Maori males were more likely to report below average oral health and below average dental appearance, when compared to non-Maori. However, at age 26, non-Maori males made up the highest proportion of episodic users of oral health services.
This study has a number of health implications: these relate specifically to the management of dental caries, the access to oral health services, and Maori oral health and the elimination of disparities. These are multi-levelled and have implications for health services across the continuum of care from child to adult services; they also have public health implications that involve preventive measures and the broader determinants of health; and involve KMR principles than can be applied to oral health interventions and dental health research in general.
Dental diseases and oral health outcomes, such as dental anxiety and episodic use of services, are a common problem in a cohort of New Zealanders with results demonstrating ethnic disparities between Maori and on-Maori. As an area of dentistry that has had very little research in New Zealand, the findings of this study provide important information with which to help plan for population needs.
The KMR approach prioritises Maori and specifically seeks to address Maori oral health needs and the elimination of disparities in oral health outcomes. While the issues that are raised may be seen as the more difficult to address, they are also more likely to achieve oral health gains for Maori and contribute to the elimination of disparities.
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Brennan, David S. "Factors influencing the provision of dental services in private general practice /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb838.pdf.
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Sou, Son-chio Sammy, and 蘇信超. "The oral epidemiology of 45-64 year-old Chinese residents of a housingestate in Hong Kong: periodontal healthstatus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628284.
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Sou, Son-chio Sammy. "The oral epidemiology of 45-64 year-old Chinese residents of a housing estate in Hong Kong periodontal health status /." [Hong Kong : Department of Periodontology and Public Health, University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628284.
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Heling, Gerardus Wilhemsus Joseph. "Tandheelkundig zelfzorggedrag in Nederland een bijdrage aan de tandheelkundige gezondheidsvoorlichting en -opvoeding = Dental self care behaviour in the Netherlands : a contribution to dental public health /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1990. http://books.google.com/books?id=mAhqAAAAMAAJ.
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Kwan, Elizabeth Lim, and 關林惠英. "Oral health status of 13 and 15 year-old secondary school children in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3862834X.
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Chalmers, Jane. "The oral health of older adults with dementia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc438.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 347-361. Presents results of 2 longitudinal studies investigating the oral health of older adults with dementia, using questionnaires and clinical inspections at baseline and one year. Groups studied were nursing home residents and those living in the community, with moderate to severe dementia or no dementia diagnosis. Caries experience was related to dementias severity and not to specific dementia diagnoses. Coronal and root caries experience was higher in dementia participants with moderate-severe dementia, the socio-economically disadvantaged, more functionally dependent, taking neuroleptic medications with high anticholinergic adverse effects, with eating and swallowing problems, were not attending the dentist, who needed assistance and were behaviourally difficult during oral hygiene care and whose carers were burdened.
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Yu, Sek-ho Felix, and 余錫豪. "Planning an elderly dental programme in a public housing estate." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953967.
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Dao, Le Nam Trung Teera Ramasoota. "Oral health status and related factors among primary school children in Soc Son district, Hanoi city, Vietnam /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd414/5038007.pdf.
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Soares, Fabíola Fernandes. "O processo de trabalho da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal (SBBrasil 2010): percepção dos coordenadores." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4582.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-29<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG<br>The work process involved in population health surveys may interfere with the quality of generated information, which might be useful for population health surveillance analysis and decision making. Despite surveys being considered important to evaluation, there is only an incipient literature concerning the assessment of epidemiological surveys´ work process. This cross-sectional study, employing quantitative and qualitative approaches, aimed to assess the perception of the 2010 Brazilian Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil 2010) coordinators of the survey´s work process. An electronic semi-structured questionnaire was sent to all SBBrasil 2010 coordinators (N=213). The investigated variables were grouped into the following topics: respondents´ characteristics, role during the survey, qualification, operational aspects, interpersonal relationship, financial aid, advertisement, work experience, usefulness of the survey, self-assessment, future oral health surveys´ participation, and suggestions for future surveys. Response rate was of 75.6% (N=161). Most respondents were dentists (90%), aged between 30 and 49 years, females (68%), in management position (75.8%), permanent workers at the public health system (59.2%) and acted as municipal coordinators of the survey (77.6%). Reported positive aspects of the survey were: planning, training and calibration workshops, logistic support provided by both the health system and the surveys´ coordination, good relationship between staff, and survey acceptability by the participants selected for the sample and by the health professionals. The transport allowance/financial aid, the perception of inconsistency between the allowance granted and the delay in payment were considered negative aspects. The respondents reported the SBBrasil 2010 experience as useful to train staff to perform data collection and showed interest in participating in future oral health surveys. Of the seventeen aspects studied, only three were identified as shortcomings of the SBBrasil 2010's work process: the transport allowance, isolated cases of conflict between staff and conflict between members of the coordination. All of the other aspects were mainly facilitators of the work process. The most frequently cited suggestion for future surveys was changes in methods (34.4%), followed by general issues related to the conduction of the survey (31.1%) and also higher pay (23.3%). It is concluded that the perception of the coordinators of the National Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil 2010) of the work process studied was mainly positive. The results may contribute to the improvement of the health professionals´ work process in future oral health surveys.<br>O processo de trabalho em inquéritos de saúde pode interferir na qualidade das informações produzidas, que posteriormente são utilizadas tanto na análise da vigilância em saúde de uma população como na tomada de decisões. Apesar do reconhecimento da importância atribuída à avaliação, a literatura se mostra incipiente em estudos que analisem o processo de trabalho na pesquisa epidemiológica. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar a percepção dos coordenadores da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal (SBBrasil 2010) sobre o processo de trabalho realizado. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, utilizando um questionário eletrônico semiestruturado, que foi enviado para os indivíduos que atuaram como coordenadores do SBBrasil 2010 (n=213). As variáveis pesquisadas foram agrupadas nos seguintes eixos temáticos: características dos participantes, função exercida na pesquisa, qualificação, aspectos operacionais, relacionamento interpessoal, ajuda de custo, divulgação, experiência profissional, utilidade da pesquisa, autoavaliação, participação em futuros inquéritos de saúde bucal e sugestões para futuros levantamentos. A taxa de resposta foi de 75,6% (n= 161). A maior parte dos respondentes eram cirurgiões-dentistas (90%), entre 30 a 49 anos, do sexo feminino (68%), em cargo de gestão no serviço público (75,8%), com vínculo efetivo (59,2%) e desempenhou a função de coordenador municipal na pesquisa (77,6%). Os pontos positivos relatados foram: as oficinas de planejamento, de treinamento e calibração; o apoio logístico tanto do serviço quanto da coordenação da pesquisa; o bom relacionamento entre os membros da equipe e a aceitação da pesquisa pelos indivíduos selecionados para a amostra e pelos profissionais envolvidos. O custeio para deslocamento inerente à pesquisa, a percepção de incoerência do valor de custo recebido e o atraso no seu pagamento foram considerados pontos negativos a serem superados. A maioria dos coordenadores relataram que a experiência do SBBrasil 2010 serviu para qualificar a equipe de campo na coleta de dados e manifestaram interesse em participar de futuros inquéritos em saúde bucal. Dos dezessete aspectos estudados, apenas três foram apontados como dificultadores do processo de trabalho no SBBrasil 2010: ajuda de custo para deslocamento, alguns casos isolados de conflito com a equipe e de conflito com algum outro membro da coordenação. Os demais aspectos foram predominantemente assinalados como facilitadores do processo de trabalho. Dentre as sugestões apontadas para futuros levantamentos, mudanças na metodologia (34,4%) foi a mais citada pelos coordenadores, seguida por aspectos gerais relacionados à realização da pesquisa (31,1%) e por melhor remuneração (23,3%). Conclui-se que a percepção dos coordenadores da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal (SBBrasil 2010) sobre o processo de trabalho investigado foi predominantemente positiva. Espera-se que os resultados possam contribuir com o aprimoramento do processo de trabalho dos profissionais em futuros levantamentos em saúde bucal.
Books on the topic "Dental public health Dental surveys Dental Health Surveys"
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Columbia, College of Dental Surgeons of British. British Columbia adult dental health survey, 1991. Adult Dental Health Survey Committee, 1991.
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Petersen, Poul Erik. The world oral health report 2003: Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century : the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. World Health Organization, 2003.
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Brennan, D. S. Oral health trends among adult public dental patients. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2004.
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Brennan, D. S. Oral health of health cardholders attending for dental care in the private and public sectors. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2009.
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Armfield, J. M. Socioeconomic differences in children's dental health: The Child Dental Health Survey, Australia 2001. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2006.
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Brennan, D. S. Oral health of adults in the public dental sector. Australian Institue of Health and Welfare, 2008.
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Brennan, D. S. Oral health of adults in the public dental sector. Australian Institue of Health and Welfare, 2008.
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Brennan, D. S. Oral health of adults in the public dental sector. Australian Institue of Health and Welfare, 2008.
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Armfield, JM. Dental health differences between boys and girls: The child dental health survey, Australia 2000. AIHW Dental Statistics and Research Unit, 2004.
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Canada, Canada Health. Report on the findings of the oral health component of the Canadian health measures survey, 2007-2009. Health Canada, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dental public health Dental surveys Dental Health Surveys"
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Daly, Blánaid, Paul Batchelor, Elizabeth Treasure, and Richard Watt. "Trends in oral health." In Essential Dental Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679379.003.0011.
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In the introduction to Chapter 1 it was stressed that in order to decide whether a disease is a public health problem it is important to be able to answer some key questions about it. Is the disease widespread? Is it on the increase? What individuals or groups appear to be susceptible? Do we know what causes it? Can it be prevented? What is the impact of the disease on the individual and society? The epidemiology of oral diseases can provide some detailed answers to these important questions. This chapter will present a brief overview of trends in oral diseases for children and adults in the UK. It will focus on periodontal disease, oral cancer, and dental caries, but there is also a brief section on dental trauma and erosion. Dentofacial anomalies, per se, are not diseases but will be included here, as their prevalence and incidence have implications for dental care because of the impact on social and psychological well-being. The impact on health will be presented. The problems of oral health inequality will be reviewed and the implications of trends in oral diseases for dental care in the UK will be discussed. There are many surveys describing the oral health of children and adults in the UK, with decennial national surveys of both groups since 1973. Scotland has not participated in the two most recent surveys, children in 2003 and adults in 2009. In these surveys all dental examiners are trained and calibrated, so that the diagnostic criteria are consistent and national trends can be identified. See Chapter 5 for a brief description of the importance of standardization of diagnostic criteria. In addition, the British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry (BASCD) undertakes surveys of the oral health of children within the districts of the UK; again, examiners are trained and calibrated and changes in trends in oral health across smaller areas can be monitored at shorter intervals than in the 10-yearly national surveys. Details of these surveys, including diagnostic criteria, can be found at http://www.bascd.org/oral-health-surveys. Current concepts in relation to periodontal disease have changed considerably in the last 20–30 years. The traditional ‘progressive’ disease model has been replaced by the ‘burst theory’. That is, periodontal diseases have short ‘bursts’ of activity followed by long periods of remission and healing (Goodson et al. 1982; Socransky et al . 1984).
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Daly, Blánaid, Paul Batchelor, Elizabeth Treasure, and Richard Watt. "Prevention of periodontal diseases." In Essential Dental Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679379.003.0019.
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During the last 20 years our understanding of periodontal disease has been dramatically changed. Findings from clinical and epidemiological research have challenged the traditional progressive disease model and questioned the extent of destructive periodontal diseases within the population (Baleum and Lopez 2003; Petersen and Ogawa 2005; Sheiham and Netuveli 2002). Although gaps in our knowledge still exist about the precise nature and full extent of the condition, it is critically important that preventive and public health approaches to periodontal disease are based upon current scientific understanding of the condition (Baleum and Lopez 2003). This chapter will present an overview of current clinical and epidemiological research findings on periodontal disease. This will be followed by a critical review of the various options for prevention of the condition, with particular emphasis on the public health strategies required. Before considering the options for the prevention of periodontal diseases it is important to highlight the main epidemiological features of the condition. Although most adults have some gingivitis and calculus deposits, epidemiological surveys indicate that only approximately 10–15% of the adult population suffer from progressive periodontitis (Albandar 2005; Papapanou 1999; Petersen and Ogawa 2005; Sheiham and Netuveli 2002). The extent and severity of periodontitis increases with age and is more common among men than women. Stark socioeconomic inequalities exist, with lower-income and less-educated groups having significantly worse periodontal health than their more affluent and educated contemporaries (Petersen and Ogawa 2005; Sheiham and Netuveli 2002). As with other chronic diseases, a consistent social gradient exists in the distribution of periodontal diseases within a defined population (Borrell et al. 2006; Lopez et al 2006; Sabbah et al. 2007). The social gradient indicates that socio-economic differences in periodontal measures do not just occur at the extremes of the social spectrum between the rich and poor in society, but across the entire social hierarchy in a graded stepwise fashion. Trend data suggest that in high- and middle-income countries, oral hygiene levels have steadily improved in all age groups and there has been a decline in the extent of gingivitis (Hugoson et al 1998; Morris et al. 2001).
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Daly, Blánaid, Paul Batchelor, Elizabeth Treasure, and Richard Watt. "Public health approaches to the prevention of traumatic dental injuries." In Essential Dental Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679379.003.0021.
Full textAbstract:
Injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries around the world. It is estimated that, of the total burden of global disease, just over 12% is attributable to injuries (WHO 2008). Depending on the cause, injuries can be divided into unintentional and intentional. Two-thirds of the global burden of injury is classified as unintentional and these are mainly caused by road traffic injuries and falls. Intentional injuries are caused by violence. The term ‘accident’ is discouraged, as this suggests that chance or bad luck are the main causes of the harmful event (Davis and Pless 2001). Injuries are in fact predictable and preventable in most cases. The multiple and interacting causes of injury provide a good example of the broader determinants of health. Injuries are not solely caused by the behaviour of individuals. Instead, the underlying influences and causes of the behaviour, the broader context, need to be understood. Hanson et al. (2005) have proposed an ecological approach that describes three key dimensions: the individual, the physical environment, and the social environment. A better understanding of the true causes of this major global public health issue will help to inform more effective intervention strategies. In dentistry, increasing clinical and public health interest has focused on the issue of traumatic dental injury (TDI). This chapter will present an overview of the epidemiology of TDI. The impact of the condition will be highlighted and the key aetiological factors identified. A critical appraisal of treatment and preventive approaches will be presented and an alternative public health approach will be outlined. Data on the extent and severity of TDIs are rather limited in comparison to the amount of information available in relation to dental caries and periodontal diseases. Comparisons between populations is also hampered, as surveys often use different methods to measure and assess TDIs. A recent review of the global literature indicated that amongst pre-school children approximately one-third had suffered TDI in the primary dentition (Glendor 2008 ). It was estimated that a quarter of all school children and almost a third of adults had suffered trauma to the permanent dentition, although significant variations existed both between and within countries.
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Fayle, S. A., and P. Kandiah. "Treatment of dental caries in the preschool child." In Paediatric Dentistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789277.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
Dental caries is still one of the most prevalent pathological conditions in the child population of most Western countries. A UK study of children aged from 1.5 to 4.5 years demonstrated that 17% have decay, and a more recent survey of 3-year-old children in England found 12% to have decay with up to a third of 3-year-olds affected in the worst areas of the country (Public Health England 2014). Although the most recent surveys show a slow decline in decay levels, on average 25% of five-year-old children have decay, peaking at over 50% in the worst affected parts of England. Dental caries is associated with significant morbidity in children, and the treatment of dental caries (and its sequelae) is currently the most common reason for administration of general anaesthesia (GA) to children in the UK. Successfully managing decay in very young children presents the dentist with a number of significant challenges. This chapter will outline approaches to the management of the preschool child with dental caries. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a term used to describe dental caries presenting in the primary dentition of young children. Terms such as ‘nursing bottle mouth’, ‘bottle mouth caries’, or ‘nursing caries’ are used to describe a particular pattern of dental caries in which the upper primary incisors and upper first primary molars are usually most severely affected. The lower first primary molars are also often carious, but the lower incisors are usually spared—being either entirely caries free or only mildly affected. Some children present with extensive caries that does not follow the ‘nursing caries’ pattern. Such children often have multiple carious teeth and may be slightly older (3 or 4 years of age) at initial presentation. This presentation is sometimes called ‘rampant caries’. However, there is no clear distinction between rampant caries and nursing caries, and the term ‘early childhood caries’ is widely recognized as a suitable all-encompassing term. In many cases, ECC is related to the frequent consumption of a drink containing sugars from a bottle or ‘dinky’ type comforters (these have a small reservoir that can be filled with a drink).