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Journal articles on the topic 'Dental radiographies'
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Bîcleşanu, Cornelia, Anamaria Florescu, Alexandru Burcea, Laur Iacob, Ştefan Ţigăeru Polihroniade, and Denisa Danilă. "In vitro comparative study on the relevance of dental radiographies in detection of dental caries." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 65, no. 2 (2019): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2019.2.5.
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Lazăr, Ana Petra, Alexandru Vlasa, Bukhari Csilla, Buka Imola, and Luminița Lazăr. "The role of carious lesions in the occurrence of pathological modifications in deep periodontal level – radiographic evaluation." Acta Stomatologica Marisiensis Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2019-0008.
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AbstractIn the etiology of periodontal disease, dental caries act as a favoring factor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of untreated or incorrectly treated carious lesions in the occurrence of pathological changes in the periodontal support. Material and methods: In order to evaluate the impact of the dental caries in the appearance of destructive lesions at the periodontal level, we examined 378 X-rays. The radiographies were selected based on the presence of approximal dental cavities, untreated or incorrectly treated and we appreciated the association of these factors with the presence and the level of bone resorption of the interdental septum. Results: On the 378 radiographies we examined, it was discovered the presence of 398 approximal carious lesions, of which 146 were associated with bone resorption. The examined radiographies permitted us to evaluate 1512 fillings inserted in second class cavities, of which 1103 were correctly done, and 309 were incorrect and associated with bone resorption phenomena. Incorrectly done restorations were associated with bone resorption phenomena due to the lack of contact with the adjacent tooth for 213 of these, and because of an inaccurate adaptation at the level of the gingival threshold for 96. Conclusions: The dentist has to pay a special attention to the approximal coronary restorations because these can favor the retention of bacterial plaque and, in most cases, can lead to bone loos in the alveolar ridge area.
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Stana, Ademir Horia, Otilia Lavinia Stana (Gag), Gheorghe Ciobanu, et al. "Applications of Imaging Technologies in Maxillary Cyst Assessment." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 5 (2017): 1130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.5.5627.
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The use of dental radiographies is nowadays indispensible for the clinician, and the evolution of x-rays provide quality images of the anatomic structures. The indications for a radiographic exam must be based on a clinical examination of the patient. Although the most used radiographies in dentistry are the retroalveolar and the panoramic one, it is considered that the indication for a CBCT scanning should be professional justified and evaluated as a balance between the benefits and the risk of exposure at radiation. The CBCT scans provide good quality images of the anatomic structures, with an accurate delimitation of the pathologic lesions, fact that allows the practitioner to proper evaluate the surrounding structures. CBCT technique uses an x-ray beam shaped like a cone that records 3D images in a single gantry rotation (360 degrees) within 6-20 seconds, with a radiation dose that depends on several factors. The comparison of the radiation dose of the CBCT (11-674 mSv) and the panoramic radiography (2.7�24.3 mSv) demonstrates that the CBCT requires a higher dose of radiation, but the high image quality is competing with the ones obtained with MSCT (280�1,410 mSv). The panoramic radiography uses an x-ray beam that is angled at aproximately 8 degrees, providing the practitioner a 2D radiographic image of the anatomic structures. The disadvantages of the panoramic radiography are the overlapping of the anatomic structures, the distortion and the blurry image. The study is based on the measurements of cystic lesions of the mandibular and maxillary bone that were present on radiographies and CBCT scans of 25 patients. The result of the measurements was that significative differences were found between the panoramic image of the cyst and the reconstructive image that the CBCT.
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Chinem, Lillian Atsumi Simabuguro, Beatriz de Souza Vilella, Cláudia Lúcia de Pinho Maurício, Lucia Viviana Canevaro, Luiz Fernando Deluiz, and Oswaldo de Vasconcellos Vilella. "Digital orthodontic radiographic set versus cone-beam computed tomography: an evaluation of the effective dose." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 21, no. 4 (2016): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.21.4.066-072.oar.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the equivalent and effective doses of different digital radiographic methods (panoramic, lateral cephalometric and periapical) with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Precalibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed at 24 locations in an anthropomorphic phantom (Alderson Rando Phantom, Alderson Research Laboratories, New York, NY, USA), representing a medium sized adult. The following devices were tested: Heliodent Plus (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany), Orthophos XG 5 (Sirona Dental Systems, Bernsheim, Germany) and i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA). The equivalent doses and effective doses were calculated considering the recommendations of the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued in 1990 and 2007. Results: Although the effective dose of the radiographic set corresponded to 17.5% (ICRP 1990) and 47.2% (ICRP 2007) of the CBCT dose, the equivalent doses of skin, bone surface and muscle obtained by the radiographic set were higher when compared to CBCT. However, in some areas, the radiation produced by the orthodontic set was higher due to the complete periapical examination. Conclusion: Considering the optimization principle of radiation protection, i-CAT tomography should be used only in specific and justified circumstances. Additionally, following the ALARA principle, single periapical radiographies covering restricted areas are more suitable than the complete periapical examination.
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Sisman, Yildiray, Elif Tarim Ertas, Huseyin Ertas, and Ahmet Ercan Sekerci. "The Frequency and Distribution of Idiopathic Osteosclerosis of the Jaw." European Journal of Dentistry 05, no. 04 (2011): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698913.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: To determine the prevalence of idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) in the jaw by radiographic evaluation and to investigate the relationship between the findings in relation to age, gender, and localization. Methods: The study included 2,211 panoramic radiographs obtained from the patients (915 men and 1,296 women) whose ages ranged from 10-77 and who visited the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology in the Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University between 2008 and 2009. Results: Of 2,211 patients, 135 patients (6.1%) had IO. The prevalence obtained in our study was in the range reported in the literature. IO was detected more often in mandible rather than the maxilla. In addition, mandibular molar localization was the most common localization, and most of the lesions were associated with root apices. Conclusions: In view of the findings, IO can be defined as developmental variations of normal bony architecture, which are unrelated to local stimuli. The lesions can arise at any age, any location with no sex predilection, and IO usually requires no treatment other than diagnosis. Because all these lesions were located in the jaw and could only is detected in panoramic evaluations, this indicates the importance of careful diagnostic evaluation of radiographies in dental examinations. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:409-414)
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Tamburini, Adriana Boeri Freire, Ygor Henrique Pereira Rodrigues, Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli, et al. "Dental anomalies in the deciduous dentition of non-syndromic oral clefts patients." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 20, no. 1 (2020): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000100014.
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Abstract Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in complete deciduous dentition of children with NSCL/P. Methods: this study included 75 children with NSCL/P and 286 healthy control. In both groups the children had deciduous dentition with ages varying from 4 to 6 years. Clinical examination, panoramic and periapical radiographies were performed and dental anomalies of number and shape were considered. Results: there was a higher prevalence of dental anomalies in the case group, compared to the control group. In all, 42 dental anomalies were identified, 25.33% in the case group and 8.04% in control group (p<0.001). Therewas a higher frequency of dental anomalies in NSCL/P (47.36%), followed by non-syndromic cleft lip (31.57%) and non-syndromic cleft palate (21.05%). The occurrence of agenesis (p= 0.005) and twinning (p = 0.029) were higher in the case group. Conclusions: the occurrence of agenesis and dental twinning was more frequent in the case group and may contribute to the definition of oral cleft subphenotype.
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Prados-Privado, María, Javier García Villalón, Carlos Hugo Martínez-Martínez, and Carlos Ivorra. "Dental Images Recognition Technology and Applications: A Literature Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082856.
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Neural networks are increasingly being used in the field of dentistry. The aim of this literature review was to visualize the state of the art of artificial intelligence in dental applications, such as the detection of teeth, caries, filled teeth, crown, prosthesis, dental implants and endodontic treatment. A search was conducted in PubMed, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore and arXiv.org. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers. Eighteen studies were included. The variable teeth was the most analyzed (n = 9), followed by caries (n = 7). No studies detecting dental implants and filled teeth were found. Only two studies investigated endodontic applications. Panoramic radiographies were the most common image employed (n = 5), followed by periapical images (n = 3). Near-infrared light transillumination images were employed in two studies and bitewing and computed tomography (CT) were employed in one study. The included articles used a wide variety of neuronal networks to detect the described variables. In addition, the database used also had a great heterogeneity in the number of images. A standardized methodology should be used in order to increase the compatibility and robustness between studies because of the heterogeneity in the image database, type, neural architecture and results.
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Ghapanchi, Janan, Maryam Zahed, Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar, Niloofar Niakan, and Azita Sadeghzadeh. "Osteoporosis and Jaw Abnormalities in Panoramic Radiography of Chronic Liver Failure Patients." BioMed Research International 2018 (August 26, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4280312.
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Introduction. Patients with chronic liver failure (CLF) are faced with many complications, because this organ is involved in various metabolic activities. Hepatic osteodystrophy is one of the major health issues encountered by this group of patients. The current study evaluated osteoporosis and bone changes in oral panoramic radiographies of cirrhotic patients. Materials and Methods. In this study, 138 panoramic views of CLF patients, candidates for liver transplant (65 females, 73 males, aged 19-68 years) referred to Shiraz University Dental Clinic (Shiraz, Iran) for pretransplant oral examination, were evaluated. Also 138 healthy individuals (69 females, 69 males, aged 18-70 years) referred to the same clinic were examined. Abnormalities such as osteoporosis, pathologic radiolucencies, pathologic calcifications, tonsilloliths, condylar degeneration, and other findings in the alveolar bones were recorded. Results. Osteoporosis was a common finding in CLF patients (p<0.001), and the probability of detecting low bone density in the panoramic view was 20.37 times higher among patients than healthy subjects. The probability of detecting pathologic jaw radiolucencies was 8.92 times higher in the case group than in the controls (p<0.001). Other bone abnormalities such as condylar degeneration and idiopathic osteosclerosis were also more prevalent in CLF patients compared to healthy subjects (p<0.001). Conclusion. Cirrhotic patients are prone to osteoporosis of the alveolar bones. Also, pathologic jaw radiolucencies as a result of oral infections are more prevalent in this group of patients. Routine oral panoramic views are acceptable and cost-effective radiographies for use in detecting such abnormalities in the alveolar bones as well as overall dental health. These findings also support the importance of dental health examinations prior to liver transplantation to reduce the risk of organ rejection.
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Cerqueira, E. M. M., I. S. Gomes-Filho, S. Trindade, M. A. Lopes, J. S. Passos, and G. M. Machado-Santelli. "Genetic damage in exfoliated cells from oral mucosa of individuals exposed to X-rays during panoramic dental radiographies." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 562, no. 1-2 (2004): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.05.008.
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Alakhras, Maram, Dana S. Al-Mousa, Arwa Mahasneh, and Amani G. AlSa’di. "Factors Affecting Compliance of Infection Control Measures among Dental Radiographers." International Journal of Dentistry 2020 (November 16, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8834854.
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Objectives. To assess the level of dental radiographers’ compliance with infection control measures and to evaluate the factors affecting their compliance. Methods. The study included 175 dental radiographers. Compliance with infection control was evaluated with a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 33 questions related to vaccination, hand hygiene (HH), personal protective equipment (PPE), disinfection and sterilization, and use of surface barriers. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare compliance between subgroups of radiographers. Results. 64.6% of participants were females, and 62.9% was younger than 30 years. 13.0% of the sample population had >10 years of experience and 28.0% take radiographs for >20 patients/day. 66.9% of participants wash their hands before/after taking radiographs. 26.3% of participants had vaccination against hepatitis B, tetanus, and tuberculosis. 12.6% fully use PPE, 10.9% perform complete disinfection and sterilization, and 16.0% apply all kinds of surfaces barriers. Vaccination was significantly affected by age, gender, and practice type. HH was affected by years of experience and number of patients radiographed per day. PPE was influenced by number of hours worked per week and patients radiographed daily. Disinfection and sterilization was affected by practice type and years of experience. The use of surface barriers was affected by age, practice type, and number of patients radiographed/day. Conclusions. The current study indicated poor compliance with infection control practices among dental radiographers. We recommend continuing educational programs and training courses to increase dental radiographers’ awareness of local and international infection control guidelines and to enhance their implementation of these guidelines.
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Topoliceanu, Claudiu, Cristina-Angela Ghiorghe, Vasilica Toma, et al. "Assessment of Near-Infrared (780nm) Light Transillumination Accuracy for Detection of Incipient Caries Lesions." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 4 (2019): 1333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.4.7121.
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The aim of study was to evaluate the accuracy of the near-infrared light transillumination technique used in the detection of the proximal incipient dental caries. The study was performed on 12 medium caries risk subjects (mean age of 26.5). A total number of 312 proximal dental surfaces from the posterior dental group were included in the study. All the proximal surfaces, which had not been restored, or unaffected by cavitated dental caries, were assessed by a near-infrared transillumination camera system using light with a 780nm wavelength (DIAGNOcam, KaVO). Bitewing radiographies were performed for all patients included in study. Visual and tactile examination after tooth separation was performed as gold standard to detect the incipient proximal dental caries (ICDAS scores 02 and 03). Statistical analysis using Chi-square test was performed to compare the diagnostic performance of near-infrared light transillumination and the bitewing radiography. Near-infrared light transillumination showed higher sensitivity (81.80%) when compared to bitewing radiography (65.90%) to detect the non-cavitated proximal enamel caries (ICDAS score 02). Near-infrared light transillumination method showed higher sensitivity (100%) when compared to bitewing radiography (81.50%) to detect the incipient cavitated proximal enamel caries (ICDAS score 03). Specificity values for proximal incipient dental caries (ICDAS codes 02 and 03) were 95.03% for near-infrared light transillumination and 99.18% for bitewing radiography. DIAGNOcam (KaVO) is a reliable tool with high diagnostic accuracy of the incipient dental caries localized on proximal surfaces of the posterior dental group.
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Kırzıoğlu, Zuhal, Hüseyin Karayılmaz, and Bahattin Baykal. "Value of Computed Tomography (CT) in Imaging the Morbidity of Submerged Molars: A Case Report." European Journal of Dentistry 01, no. 04 (2007): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698347.
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ABSTRACTSubmerged primary molars can be difficult to manage due to the developing dentition. Rarely in some severe cases, may the surgical interventions be required while ensuring the vital structures are protected. Therefore these cases require sophisticated imaging techniques in order to locate the vital structuresIn this case report, a 17 year old girl who had a retained and submerged deciduous molar which caused impaction of the second premolar and tipping of the first molar was presented. In addition, value of computed tomography (CT) for locating the vital anatomic structures was discussedIn our case, CT has been supplied effective information about localization of the vital structures and amount of bone volume during the diagnosis and treatment planning period in addition to the routine dental radiographies. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:246-250)
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de Amorim, Rivadávio Fernandes Batista, Éricka Janine Dantas Silveira, Mariana Nóbrega França, Maria do Carmo Machado Guimarães, Normeu Lima Júnior, and Daniel Rey de Carvalho. "A Case of Extensive Maxillary Benign Cementoblastoma." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 11, no. 3 (2010): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-11-3-56.
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Abstract Aim The aim of the present paper is to report a case of benign cementoblastoma (BC) involving multiple maxillary teeth and discuss the importance of its diagnosis in clinical oral practice. Background BC is a rare, benign odontogenic neoplasm of ectomesenchymal origin. This neoplasm has characteristic radiologic and microscopic features, and it is intimately associated with the roots of teeth. Case Report The intra-oral examination in a 21-year-old white man revealed a palatine growth in the premolar-molar region. Dental panoramic and periapical radiographies showed a mixed radiodense/radiolucent lesion closely associated with the roots of three maxillary teeth. A biopsy was undertaken and confirmed the clinical hypothesis. Summary In most cases, initial BC is asymptomatic and early diagnosis can be performed by routine radiographic examination. BC was considered as an indolent lesion for several years. Nevertheless, recent studies have demonstrated that some BCs may exhibit aggressive biological behavior and can affect several teeth. Clinical Significance Because a benign cementoblastoma represents an odontogenic lesion, general practicing professionals must be able to identify the main features of this tumor. This case corroborates some papers that have demonstrated a possible aggressive behavior of BC. Therefore, a brief update concerning the clinical and radiographic features of this unique tumor is also provided. Citation Amorim RFB, Silveira EJD, França MN, Guimarães MCM, Lima Júnior N, Carvalho DR. A Case of Extensive Maxillary Benign Cementoblastoma. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):056-062. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue3-amorim
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Ozdemir, Fulya, Feyza Ulkur, and Didem Nalbantgil. "Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway." Angle Orthodontist 84, no. 2 (2013): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/042513-319.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate how therapy with a fixed functional appliance affects airway dimensions, dentoalveolar changes, and tongue and hyoid positions. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 46 pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 23 post-peak Class II patients (12 girls, 11 boys) treated with a Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) appliance. The radiographies were taken at the start and at the end of Forsus FRD appliance therapy when a Class I or overcorrected Class I canine and molar relationship was achieved. The process took an average of 5 months 13 days ± 1 month 4 days. Skeletal and dental parameters were measured using Dolphin software, and the sagittal airway area was measured by AutoCAD software. Results: Analyses of the pre- and posttreatment means revealed that there was no statistically significant skeletal correction of the sagittal malocclusion; increase of lower incisor inclination, decrease of upper incisor inclination, decrease of interincisal angle, and rotation of occlusal plane all contributed to the reduction of overjet. The tongue area and intermaxillary space area increased in response to these dentoalveolar changes; however, there was no statistically significant change in the hyoid position or the oropharyngeal area between the two time points. Conclusions: The dentoalveolar changes produced by Forsus FRD appliance did not cause any significant posterior airway changes in young adult patients.
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Chaparian, A., and F. Dehghanzade. "Evaluation of radiation-induced cancer risk to patients undergoing intra-oral and panoramic dental radiographies using experimental measurements and Monte Carlo calculations." Internatuinal Journal of Radiation Research 15, no. 2 (2017): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.15.2.197.
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Temur, Katibe Tuğçe, İsa Temur, and Ömer Hatipoğlu. "The knowledge, attitude and practices of Turkish general dentists on dental x-rays in pregnant women." International Dental Research 9, no. 1 (2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2019.vol9.no1.2.
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of the general dental dentists working in Turkey on the dental x-rays in pregnant women; and to develop awareness for the purpose of not delaying their dental treatments.
 Methodology: The questionnaire that was used in the study was applied to 270 dental dentists who worked in Turkey in electronic medium. The questionnaire consisted of 2 sections each of which had 11 questions. In the first section, the demographical data were questioned. In the second section, there were questions to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of the dentists on x-ray in pregnant women. The questionnaires that were completed were examined and analyzed statistically by using the results and the Chi-Square Test and the Chi-Square Test. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, the USA).
 Results: A total of 71.1% of the dental practitioners who participated in the study stated that they did not request radiography from pregnant women. A total of 62.2% of the dental dentists stated that they preferred the 2nd Trimester for requesting radiography. A total of 38.9% of the general dentists who participated in the study stated that the diagnostic radiographies used in dentistry caused anomalies in the fetus, 18.9% stated that they did not have any information.
 Conclusion: Further training courses must be planned to increase and update the awareness of the dental dentists on the precautions and procedures for radiography practice in pregnant women; and brochures must be prepared for pregnant women to provide information about this subject. Also, dental dentists and obstetricians should work in agreement about dental procedures in pregnancy and diagnostic radiography in terms of its being safe when necessary.
 
 How to cite this article: Temur KT, Temur İ, Hatipoğlu Ö. The knowledge, attitude and practices of Turkish general dentists on dental x-rays in pregnant women. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):9-15. 
 
 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
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Limone, Leah E., and Robert M. Baratt. "Dental Radiography of the Horse." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 35, no. 1 (2018): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898756417736882.
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This step-by-step article describes radiographic imaging of the horse’s teeth and paranasal sinuses with standard radiographic equipment. Obtaining radiographs of the horse’s skull that are of diagnostic quality can be challenging. The descriptions offered in this article can help practitioners become more comfortable with obtaining diagnostic images, which will improve recognition of radiographic signs of dental and paradental pathology.
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Sivaneri, Mona, R. Constance Wiener, Alcinda K. Trickett Shockey, and Christopher Waters. "Dental Student Skills in Matching Radiographs for Forensic Identification and in Forensic Knowledge." Journal of Biomedical Education 2018 (April 2, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4389259.
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Purpose and Objectives. Dental and dental hygiene curricula must meet the core competencies established by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental Accreditation. As a result, there is limited time to expose students to the research and knowledge associated with additional important topics, such as dental forensics. The purpose of this research is to assess dental forensic knowledge and dental forensic radiographic skills of dental students. Methods. Ten radiographs of extracted permanent maxillary molars were exposed. One of the teeth was heat-altered to 600°F (315.6°C) for 15 minutes and then was radiographed. The 11 radiographs were presented to 152 dental students who were asked to match the radiograph of the heat-altered tooth to the original radiograph of that tooth. Students were also asked to respond to a 10-question survey about dental forensic knowledge. Results. Most (92.1%) students matched the heat-altered tooth’s radiograph with the original radiograph. Five survey questions had at least 70% of the respondents with correct responses. There were no statistically significant differences by dental class status or sex. Conclusion. Although dental students were competent in matching radiographs, there remains a need for more knowledge about dental forensics.
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Brown, Jackie E. "Advances in Dental Imaging." Primary Dental Care os8, no. 2 (2001): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576101322647890.
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The number of dental radiographs taken in the UK has steadily increased over the past 20 years—recently estimating around 18 million taken in the general dental services alone, and dental radiographs now account for nearly 25% of all medical radiographic exposures.1 Radiographs remain our most useful diagnostic aid. Their strength is in demonstrating hard tissue pathology, which makes radiographs particularly effective in the maxillofacial region. Although well accepted in this capacity, there remain a number of limitations and drawbacks to conventional radiographs which recent developments have begun to overcome. There have been improvements in the scope and capabilities of dental imaging equipment. There has also been a continuing effort to reduce radiation-induced harm by limiting our exposure to it. This has been possible both through the introduction of new methods and protocols for reducing individual radiation exposures and by the creation of guidelines for selecting radiographs more effectively and thereby reducing the total number of radiographs taken.
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Sukanya, Arockia, Kamalanand Krishnamurthy, and Thayumanavan Balakrishnan. "Comparison of Preprocessing Techniques for Dental Image Analysis." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 16, no. 7 (2020): 776–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405615666191115101536.
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Various dental disorders, such as lesions, masses, carries, etc. may affect the human dental structure. Dental radiography is a technique, which passes X-rays through dental structures and records the radiographic images. These radiographic images are used to analyze the disorders present in the human teeth. Preprocessing is a primary step to enhance the radiographic images for further segmentation and classification of images. In this work, the preprocessing techniques such as unsharp masking using high pass filter, bi-level histogram equalization and hybrid metaheuristic have been utilized for dental radiographs. The performance measures of the preprocessing techniques were analyzed. Results demonstrate that a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm for dental radiographs achieves higher performance measures when compared to other enhancement methods. An average Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) value of 21.6 was observed in the case of a hybrid metaheuristic technique for dental image enhancement.
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Koneru, Jyothirmai, Neha Mahajan, and Mallika Mahalakshmi. "Management of Dental Radiographic Waste." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 02, no. 02 (2014): 055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1671986.
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AbstractRadiographs are used by the dentists for the diagnosis, and/or treatment of patients in the majority of the cases. These radiographs have become a third eye to the dentist. Even with the advent of digital imaging there are a large number of dental offices that use conventional methods to obtain the radiographic images. Unfortunately, the conventional radiographic procedures generate certain substances that present as potential challenge to the environment. Although individual dentists generate only small amount of environmentally hazardous wastes, the accumulated waste produced by the profession may have a significant environmental impact, which in turn may pose a risk to the human health. Thus, it becomes extremely important for the proper disposal of materials originated from conventional radiographic methods, in order to minimize the negative environmental impact. This paper addresses the environmental impact of dental radiographic waste and describes measures that can be taken by dentists and their team to reduce the production of potentially harmful wastes.
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Ahsan-Mohammed, Aisha, Rosalyn J. Clarkson, and Fiona A. Carmichael. "Non dental incidental findings on dental panoramic radiographs: identification and management." Dental Update 46, no. 6 (2019): 554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2019.46.6.554.
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All relevant ‘dental’ radiographic anomalies require a report, be they related to the teeth, mandible, maxillary sinuses, temporomandibular joints or soft tissues. However, non-dental incidental findings are often present on dental radiographs, some of which may be due to systemic disease: these should also be assessed. We compare the confidence at diagnosing, and subsequent management of, three such incidental findings between specialist dental and maxillofacial radiologists and recently qualified dentists. The imaging features and clinical implications of dense bone islands, carotid artery calcification and osteoporosis are described. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dental panoramic radiographs cover structures not confined to the tooth-bearing areas and incidental findings in these regions should be recognized and appropriately reported, in line with IR(ME)R legislation.
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Anil, Sukumaran, and Hamdan S. Al-Ghamdi. "A Method of Gauging Dental Radiographs during Treatment Planning for Dental Implants." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no. 6 (2007): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-6-82.
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Abstract Aim The goal of pre-surgical dental implant treatment planning is to position the optimum number and size of implant fixtures to achieve the best restorative results. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of radiographic imaging software to calibrate and measure anatomical landmarks to overcome inherent distortions associated with dental radiographs. The procedure along with its potential use as an adjunct to radiographic interpretation in routine clinical implant practice is presented. Background Diagnostic imaging is an essential component of implant treatment planning, and a variety of advanced imaging modalities have been recommended to assist the dentist in assessing potential sites for implants. Although technological advances have resulted in new imaging innovations for implant dentistry, dental radiography remains the most widely used tool for determining the quantity and quality of alveolar bone as it is a non-invasive procedure. However, the unreliable magnification factor associated with conventional radiographs remains a major problem when estimating the amount of bone available at the implant site. Summary This image measurement technique is capable of assessing the bone quantity by measuring the height and width of the alveolar crest for a specified region in a two dimensional plane in any direction related to the visible landmarks in the oral cavity. These measurements can be used by the clinician to select the type of implant and its position. Since there is no additional equipment or cost involved, the technique can be used as an important adjunct in implant practice. Citation Anil S, Al-Ghamdi HS. A Method of Gauging Dental Radiographs during Treatment Planning for Dental Implants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:082-088.
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Kitai, Noriyuki, Yousuke Mukai, Manabu Murabayashi, et al. "Measurement accuracy with a new dental panoramic radiographic technique based on tomosynthesis." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 1 (2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/020412-100.1.
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Abstract Objective: To investigate measurement errors and head positioning effects on radiographs made with new dental panoramic radiograph equipment that uses tomosynthesis. Materials and Methods: Radiographic images of a simulated human head or phantom were made at standard head positions using the new dental panoramic radiograph equipment. Measurement errors were evaluated by comparing with the true values. The phantom was also radiographed at various alternative head positions. Significant differences between measurement values at standard and alternative head positions were evaluated. Magnification ratios of the dimensions at standard and alternative head positions were calculated. Results: The measurement errors were small for all dimensions. On the measurements at 4-mm displacement positions, no dimension was significantly different from the standard value, and all dimensions were within ±5% of the standard values. At 12-mm displacement positions, the magnification ratios for tooth length and mandibular ramus height were within ±5% of the standard values, but those for dental arch width, mandibular width, and mandibular body length were beyond ±5% of the standard values. Conclusions: Measurement errors on radiographs made using the new panoramic radiograph equipment were small in any direction. At 4-mm head displacement positions, no head positioning effect on the measurements was found. At 12-mm head displacement positions, the measurements for vertical dimensions were little affected by head positioning, while those for lateral and anteroposterior dimensions were strongly affected.
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Tohnak, S., A. J. H. Mehnert, M. Mahoney, and S. Crozier. "Synthesizing Dental Radiographs for Human Identification." Journal of Dental Research 86, no. 11 (2007): 1057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910708601107.
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The task of identifying human remains based on dental comparisons of post mortem (PM) and ante mortem (AM) radiographs is labor-intensive, subjective, and has several drawbacks, including: inherently poor image quality, difficulty matching the viewing angles in PM radiographs to those taken AM, and the fact that the state of the dental remains may entirely preclude the possibility of obtaining certain types of radiographs PM. The aim of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of using radiograph-like images reconstructed from PM x-ray computed tomography (CT) data to overcome the shortcomings of conventional radiographic comparison. Algorithms for computer synthesis of panoramic, periapical, and bitewing images are presented. The algorithms were evaluated with data from clinical examinations of two persons. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the CT-based approach and that, in comparison with conventional radiographs, the synthesized images exhibit minimal geometric distortion, reduced blurring, and reduced superimposition of oral structures.
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Permatahati, Annisa, Ria Noerianingsih Firman, and Farina Pramanik. "Kualitas radiograf periapikal dengan teknik bisektrisThe quality of periapical radiograph with the bisecting technique." Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students 3, no. 2 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v3i2.23040.
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Pendahuluan: Pemeriksaan radiografi dalam bidang kedokteran gigi sangat membantu klinisi dalam penegakkan diagnosis. Diketahui bahwa teknik radiografi yang paling sering digunakan di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Padjadjaran (RSGM Unpad) adalah teknik intraoral periapikal bisektris. Kualitas radiograf dipengaruhi oleh proses pemeriksaan radiografi. Kualitas radiograf sangat berpengaruh terhadap penentuan penegakkan diagnosis, rencana perawatan, dan evaluasi pasca perawatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas radiograf periapikal dengan teknik bisektris di RSGM Unpad. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah radiograf periapikal dengan teknik bisektris sepanjang tahun 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah radiograf periapikal dengan teknik bisektris periode November sampai Desember 2018. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 90 radiograf. Hasil: Kriteria kualitas yang paling banyak terpenuhi adalah kriteria kontras dan distorsi bentuk dengan 97,78%, dan mayoritas radiograf bisektris, yaitu pada rating 1 dengan 85,56%. Simpulan: Kualitas radiograf periapikal dengan teknik bisektris di RSGM Unpad secara umum berada pada rating 1 berdasarkan National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), yaitu sempurna yang berarti tidak ada kesalahan pada persiapan pasien, pemaparan sinar, pemosisian film, dan pengolahan film.Kata kunci: Kualitas radiograf, teknik periapikal bisektris, rating NRPB. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Radiographic examination in the field of dentistry is beneficial for clinicians in establishing the diagnosis. It is known that the radiographic technique most commonly used at the Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital (RSGM Unpad) is bisecting intraoral periapical technique. The radiographic inspection process influences the quality of the radiograph. Quality of the radiograph profoundly affecting determination of diagnosis, treatment plan, and post-treatment evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of periapical radiographs with the bisecting technique at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. Methods: This research was descriptive. The population of this study was periapical radiographs with the bisecting technique throughout 2018. The sample of this study was periapical radiographs with bisecting technique from November to December 2018. The number of samples used was 90 radiographs. Results: The most fulfilled quality criteria were contrast criteria and shape distortion with 97.78%, and the majority of bisecting radiographs, namely at rating 1 with 85.56%. Conclusion: The quality of periapical radiographs with bisecting technique at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital in general is ranked 1 based on the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), which is categorised as perfect, which means that there are no errors in patient preparation, exposure to light, film positioning, and film processing.Keywords: Radiograph quality, post-treatment periapical technique, NRPB rating.
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Mauthe, Peter W., and Kenneth A. Eaton. "An Investigation into Dental Digital Radiography in Dental Practices in West Kent following the Introduction of the 2006 NHS General Dental Services Contract." Primary Dental Care os18, no. 2 (2011): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576111795162893.
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Aims The primary aims of the study were to investigate the use of digital radiography within primary dental care practices in the West Kent Primary Care Trust (PCT) area and general dental practitioners’ (GDPs) self-reported change in radiographic prescribing patterns following the introduction of the nGDS contract in 2006. Methods Data were gathered via a piloted, self-completed questionnaire, and circulated to all GDPs listed on the National Health Service (NHS) Choices website as practising in the West Kent PCT area. There were three mailings and follow-up telephone calls. The resulting data were entered into a statistical software database and, where relevant, statistically tested, using the chi-square test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results Of 223 GDPs, 168 (75%) responded. There were 163 usable questionnaires. The respondents represented 85% of the general dental practices in West Kent. Eighty (49%) respondents were using digital intra-oral radiography. Of those who used digital radiography, 44 (55%) reported that they used phosphor plate systems and 36 (45%) that they used direct digital sensors. Eighty-three (51%) had a panoramic machine in their practice, 46 of whom (55%) were using digital systems; of these, 32 (67%) were using a direct digital system. Seventy-one GDPs reported that they worked exclusively or mainly in private practice. Forty (56%) of these ‘mainly private’ GDPs reported that they used digital radiographic systems, whereas only 40 (44%) of the 89 ‘mainly NHS’ GDPs reported using digital radiographic systems. On average, mainly private GDPs made the transition to a digital radiographic system six months before mainly NHS GDPs. Of those who provided NHS dentistry before and after April 2006, only 18 (14%) reported taking fewer radiographs and seven (6%) taking more. Conclusions In February 2010, of the West Kent GDPs who responded to the questionnaire, just under 50% used digital radiography. Mainly private GDPs were more likely to use digital radiography than their mainly NHS counterparts. A link between digital radiography and increased prescription of radiographs was not specifically apparent from this study. There was no evidence that West Kent GDPs were taking fewer radiographs than they did prior to the introduction of the new GDS contract in April 2006. Research is needed to investigate whether the uptake of digital radiography by GDPs in the rest of the country is similar to that in West Kent.
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Akarslan, Zühre Zafersoy, Hülya Erten, Kahraman Güngör, and Likay Çelik. "Common Errors on Panoramic Radiographs Taken in a Dental School." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 2 (2003): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-2-24.
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Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of common errors seen on panoramic radiographs taken in the Radiology Department of a dental school by trained assistants. Four hundred and sixty radiographs were evaluated for 20 categories of common errors. Out of the evaluated radiographs, 37.61% were found to be error-free. The most common errors were found to be the palatoglossal airspace shadow of air above the tongue due to the patient not raising the tongue against the palate (46.30%) and the superimposition of hyoid bone with the mandible (26.30%) respectively. The least common error was found to be dirty or bent films (0.21%). The quality of panoramic radiographs could be enhanced by improving radiographic technique. Citation Akarslan ZZ, Erten H, Güngör K, et. al. Common Errors on Panoramic Radiographs Taken in a Dental School. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:024-034.
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Cutovic, Tatjana, Nebojsa Jovic, Ljiljana Stojanovic, et al. "A cephalometric analysis of the cranial base and frontal part of the face in patients with mandibular prognathism." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 6 (2014): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp121212011c.
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Bacground/Aim. The literature suggests different views on the correlation between the cranial base morphology and size and saggital intermaxillary relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the cranial base morphology, including the frontal facial part in patients with mandibular prognathism, to clarify a certain ambiguities, in opposing viewspoints in the literature. Methods. Cephalometric radiographies of 60 patients were analyzed at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia. All the patients were male, aged 18-35 years, with no previous orthodontic treatment. On the basis of dental and sceletal relations of jaws and teeth, the patients were divided into two groups: the group P (patients with mandibular prognathism) and the group E (the control group or eugnathic patients). A total of 15 cephalometric parametres related to the cranial base, frontal part of the face and sagittal intermaxillary relationships were measured and analyzed. Results. The results show that cranial base dimensions and the angle do not play a significant role in the development of mandibular prognathism. Interrelationship analysis indicated a statistically significant negative correlation between the cranial base angle (NSAr) and the angles of maxillary (SNA) and mandibular (SNB) prognathism, as well as a positive correlation between the angle of inclination of the ramus to the cranial base (GoArNS) and the angle of sagittal intermaxillary relationships (ANB). Sella turcica dimensions, its width and depth, as well as the nasal bone length were significantly increased in the patients with mandibular prognathism, while the other analyzed frontal part dimensions of the face were not changed by the malocclusion in comparison with the eugnathic patients. Conclusion. This study shows that the impact of the cranial base and the frontal part of the face on the development of profile in patients with mandibular prognathism is much smaller, but certainly more complex, so that morphogenetic tests of the maxillomandibular complex should be included in further assessment of this impact.
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Endres, Michael G., Florian Hillen, Marios Salloumis, et al. "Development of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Periapical Disease Detection in Dental Radiographs." Diagnostics 10, no. 6 (2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060430.
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Periapical radiolucencies, which can be detected on panoramic radiographs, are one of the most common radiographic findings in dentistry and have a differential diagnosis including infections, granuloma, cysts and tumors. In this study, we seek to investigate the ability with which 24 oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgeons assess the presence of periapical lucencies on panoramic radiographs, and we compare these findings to the performance of a predictive deep learning algorithm that we have developed using a curated data set of 2902 de-identified panoramic radiographs. The mean diagnostic positive predictive value (PPV) of OMF surgeons based on their assessment of panoramic radiographic images was 0.69 (±0.13), indicating that dentists on average falsely diagnose 31% of cases as radiolucencies. However, the mean diagnostic true positive rate (TPR) was 0.51 (±0.14), indicating that on average 49% of all radiolucencies were missed. We demonstrate that the deep learning algorithm achieves a better performance than 14 of 24 OMF surgeons within the cohort, exhibiting an average precision of 0.60 (±0.04), and an F1 score of 0.58 (±0.04) corresponding to a PPV of 0.67 (±0.05) and TPR of 0.51 (±0.05). The algorithm, trained on limited data and evaluated on clinically validated ground truth, has potential to assist OMF surgeons in detecting periapical lucencies on panoramic radiographs.
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Danks, Raymond P., Sophia Bano, Anastasiya Orishko, et al. "Automating Periodontal bone loss measurement via dental landmark localisation." International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 16, no. 7 (2021): 1189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02431-z.
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Abstract Purpose Periodontitis is the sixth most prevalent disease worldwide and periodontal bone loss (PBL) detection is crucial for its early recognition and establishment of the correct diagnosis and prognosis. Current radiographic assessment by clinicians exhibits substantial interobserver variation. Computer-assisted radiographic assessment can calculate bone loss objectively and aid in early bone loss detection. Understanding the rate of disease progression can guide the choice of treatment and lead to early initiation of periodontal therapy. Methodology We propose an end-to-end system that includes a deep neural network with hourglass architecture to predict dental landmarks in single, double and triple rooted teeth using periapical radiographs. We then estimate the PBL and disease severity stage using the predicted landmarks. We also introduce a novel adaptation of MixUp data augmentation that improves the landmark localisation. Results We evaluate the proposed system using cross-validation on 340 radiographs from 63 patient cases containing 463, 115 and 56 single, double and triple rooted teeth. The landmark localisation achieved Percentage Correct Keypoints (PCK) of 88.9%, 73.9% and 74.4%, respectively, and a combined PCK of 83.3% across all root morphologies, outperforming the next best architecture by 1.7%. When compared to clinicians’ visual evaluations of full radiographs, the average PBL error was 10.69%, with a severity stage accuracy of 58%. This simulates current interobserver variation, implying that diverse data could improve accuracy. Conclusions The system showed a promising capability to localise landmarks and estimate periodontal bone loss on periapical radiographs. An agreement was found with other literature that non-CEJ (Cemento-Enamel Junction) landmarks are the hardest to localise. Honing the system’s clinical pipeline will allow for its use in intervention applications.
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Sykes, Leanne M., A. Uys, C. Bradfield, and Nicolaas W. Van Reede Van Oudtshoorn. "Dental images - Their use and abuse." South African Dental Journal 75, no. 10 (2020): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2020/v75no10a9.
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Patients' exposure to medical and dental radiographic examination has increased over the years,1 with dental X-ray procedures now accounting for almost one-third of all radiographic examinations.2 Although they only contribute 2-4% towards the collective effective dose of exposure, all efforts should be made to minimize the amount taken and to keep exposure as low as diagnostically achievable.2
 When considering radiographic examinations, the potential diagnostic or therapeutic benefits to the individual or society need to be weighed up against the possible risks that the exposure may cause, taking into account the "efficacy, and benefits and risks of alternative techniques that have the same objectives but involve no or less radiation".2,3
 To this end the acronym ALARA was coined to stress that all diagnostic radiographs should aim to keep doses as low as reasonably achievable without compromising the diagnosis.1 With the advent of digital imaging there has been a trade-off between image quality and reduced radiation dosage. As such the term has been altered to ALADA, as low as diagnostically acceptable, to reflect this compromise.2
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Medina, Aida Carolina, Rodrigo Del Pozo, and Lucila Blanco de Cedres. "Radiographic Assessment of Dental Maturation in Children With Dental Agenesis." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 3 (2016): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.3.227.
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Background: Dental agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in humans, frequently associated with disorders in dental development and maturation. Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine radiographic variations in dental maturation in a group of Venezuelan children with dental agenesis. Study design: 1,188 panoramic radiographs, from healthy patients ages 5 to 12 years old were studied for agenesis of permanent teeth. Dental maturation was assessed by relative eruption and dental age according to Nolla, comparing children affected with dental agenesis to a stratified control group selected from the same population, excluding children with premature loss of primary teeth in the left quadrants and unclear radiographs. Descriptive analysis, and differences between means and medians (Student t test, Kruskall-Wallis p=0.05) were performed. Results: Medians for Nolla stages were similar between groups, with delay in tooth formation in the agenesis group for second molars (p&lt;0.05) and maxillary lateral incisors and second premolars. Dental age was significantly underestimated for both groups, −0.89 (±0.78) for the control group and −1.20 (±0.95) for the study group. Tooth eruption was similar between groups. Conclusion: Dental age was significantly delayed in Venezuelan children with dental agenesis, with variable significance for tooth formation of studied teeth.
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Rodgers, George D., Mohammad O. Sharif, Adam B. Smith, Margaret Kellett, and Paul A. Brunton. "Making the Grade? Modification of Dental Radiograph Quality Ratings." Primary Dental Care os18, no. 3 (2011): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050168411os1800307.
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Aims To compare the intra- and inter-assessor agreement and operator preference of a modified (four-grade) quality rating system for dental radiographs with the current National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) (three-grade) quality rating system. Methods Sixty radiographic images of varying quality were selected by retrospective review of dental records from a general dental practice. The images were sorted into groups to represent examples of radiographic quality (1=excellent, 2=diagnostically acceptable, 3=diagnostically compromised, 4=unacceptable). A ‘gold standard’ for radiological quality assessment was provided by a consultant in dental and maxillofacial radiology. A compact disc (CD) of the 60 images was produced and posted to a panel of 14 general dental practitioners (GDPs) who were asked to grade the quality of the images using two different systems on two occasions separated by a washout period of two days. The practitioners graded the radiographs using the currently accepted method for assessing radiographic quality (the three-grade NRPB system) and the alternative four-grade system. The quality of the images on the CD was deemed appropriate by the consultant. Results The strength of inter-assessor agreement was weaker when using a four-grade system in comparison to a three-grade system, reducing to a mean of κ=0.51 from a mean of κ=0.61 when using the original grading system. Mean agreement did not fall below ‘moderate agreement’ (κ=0.41–0.60). Eleven of the 14 GDPs preferred the four-grade system. Conclusion The GDPs who participated in this study preferred the four-grade system to the three-grade system when comparing the quality of dental radiographs. However, the strength of agreement was weaker when using the four-grade system in comparison to the three-grade system. Overall, the results are equivocal. However, they should help to inform specialist dental radiology panels, should revision of quality grading be undertaken in the future.
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Saoka, Dr Priyanka Chintaman, and Dr Sudhir Nawale. "Radiographic Correlative Study of Ponticulus Posticus in Dental Patients." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 5 (2011): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2014/157.
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Silva, Rhonan Ferreira, Ademir Franco, Fernando Fortes Picoli, Fernando Gomes Nunes, and Carlos Estrela. "Dentalna identifikacija endodontskim radiogramima: prikaz slučaja." Acta Stomatologica Croatica 48, no. 2 (2014): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15644/asc48/2.147.
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Caetano, Gustavo M., Patrícia Pauletto, Luis A. Mezzomo, and Elken G. Rivaldo. "Crestal Bone Changes in Different Implants Designs: A Prospective Clinical Trial." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 04 (2019): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697216.
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Abstract Objective Several modifications, such as changes in the implant–abutment connection, have been suggested in studies on dental implants to better preserve the peri-implant bone level. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare crestal bone level changes between two different implant designs—tissue level (TL) and bone level (BL). Materials and Methods The sample comprised 18 patients, on whom a total of 30 hydrophilic tissue- and bone level implants were placed (SLActive, Straumann Institut AG, Basel, Switzerland), in the posterior region of the maxilla or the mandible. Impressions were taken after 45 days of healing. Then, cemented-retained metalloceramic crowns were fabricated and installed. Marginal bone level changes were assessed by the paralleling technique of periapical radiographies, on both mesial and distal aspects of each implant, at the moment of the implant placement and after 1 year of loading. Photoshop software was used to perform linear measurements by a single and calibrated examiner. Statistical Analysis The Mann–Whitney test at a 5% significance level was used to compare the bone changes among the implants assessed. Results A significantly lower (p = 0.048) bone remodeling was observed on bone level implants (0.05 mm), when compared to tissue level implants (0.47 mm; p = 0.048). The average marginal bone level changes at the distal aspect did not show any statistically significant difference (p = 0.325). Conclusions Tissue level implants presented greater bone loss in the mesial surface than bone level implants. Both designs presented stable and clinically acceptable bone crests.
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Goldman, Marc J. "DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS." Journal of the American Dental Association 127, no. 1 (1996): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0009.
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Shrivastava, Tarun V. "DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS." Journal of the American Dental Association 142, no. 1 (2011): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0011.
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Tyagi, Parul, Zameera Naik, and Maria Ana Karina Erica De Piedade Sequeira. "Knowledge of Appropriate Prescription of Dental Radiographs among Interns of Two Dental Institutes of Belagavi City: A Questionnaire Study." International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital and Healthcare Administration 4, no. 2 (2016): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10035-1061.
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ABSTRACT Aim To assess the level of knowledge of appropriate prescription of dental radiographs amongst Interns of two dental institutes of Belagavi city. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 interns of 2 dental institutes of Belagavi city. The knowledge of appropriate prescription of dental radiographs was assessed using a structured, close ended and self-designed questionnaire. Results Knowledge of appropriate prescription of dental radiographs was significantly lower in Institute 1 than Institute 2 (p=0.001*).Only a small % of 33.76 and 38.66 of interns of institutes 1,2 respectively had an above average knowledge. Thus, it is inferred that the awareness level of interns of correct prescription of radiographs is lower than expected. Conclusion The lack of awareness could be due to various factors such as a lack of previous knowledge, inadequate quality and quantity of educational courses and so on. Thus, students should receive the necessary education on correct prescription of radiographs to ensure their correct prescription, circumventing unnecessary exposure and their consequent detrimental effects. Clinical significance Radiographic examination is an important diagnostic tool used by dentists leading to an increased exposure to radiation. However, unessential exposure may lead to detrimental effects such as mutations, genetic changes and so on. One efficient way of decreasing exposure is to avoid their application when not indicated. Thus, it is the professional duty of a dentist to have adequate and accurate knowledge of prescription of radiographs. The present study shows the necessity to optimize educational tools to increase the theoretical knowledge of students and consequently improve clinical application of the knowledge gained. How to cite this article Tyagi P, Naik Z, De Piedade Sequeira MAKE. Knowledge of Appropriate Prescription of Dental Radiographs among Interns of Two Dental Institutes of Belagavi City: A Questionnaire Study. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(2):61-65.
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Kim, Chun-Geun, So-Young Lee, Ju-Won Kim, and Hee-Myung Park. "Assessment of Dental Abnormalities by Full-Mouth Radiography in Small Breed Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 49, no. 1 (2013): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5830.
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This study was performed to evaluate full-mouth radiographic findings to determine the prevalence of dental abnormalities and analyze the relationship between dental abnormalities and age in small breed dogs. Sixteen predetermined categories of abnormal radiographic findings were evaluated in 233 small breed dogs. In total, 9,786 possible permanent teeth could be evaluated. Of those, 8,308 teeth were evaluated and abnormal radiographic findings were found in 2,458 teeth (29.6%). The most common teeth with abnormal radiographic findings were the mandibular first molars (74.5% on the left and 63.9% on the right) and the maxillary fourth premolars (40.5% on the left and 38.2% on the right). Bone loss of any type (15.8%) was the most commonly detected radiographic abnormal finding among the 16 categories. Dental conditions with a genetic predisposition were frequently occurred in the mandibular premolar teeth. Shih tzu frequently had unerupted teeth and dentigerous cysts. Among the teeth with abnormal radiographic findings, 4.5%, 19.8%, and 5.3% were considered incidental, additional, and important, respectively. Findings that were only detected on radiographs, which were not noted on routine oral examination, were more common in older dogs. Full-mouth radiographic evaluation should be performed to obtain important information for making accurate diagnoses.
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Utami, Istri Dwi, Farina Pramanik, and Lusi Epsilawati. "Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis pada radiograf periapikalRadiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions on periapical radiographs." Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students 3, no. 1 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.22306.
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Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak terjadi. Pada tahun 2013 kerusakan gigi masyarakat Indonesia adalah 460 buah gigi per 100 orang. Jika dibiarkan tidak dirawat akan berkembang mengarah pada kematian pulpa dan akan menyebar menyebabkan infeksi periapikal. Tahun 2010 penyakit pulpa dan periapikal menempati posisi ke 7 dari 10 penyakit terbanyak pada pasien rawat jalan di rumah sakit di Indonesia. Teknik radiograf yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis penyakit pulpa dan periapikal adalah teknik radiografi periapikal. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi mengenai proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh radiograf periapiakal gigi nekrosis dengan lesi periapikal pada bulan November 2018 – Januari 2019 di Instalasi Radiologi Kedokteran Gigi RSGM Unpad. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 54 radiograf periapikal. Hasil: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal yaitu abses periapikal sebanyak 42 kasus (77,78%), granuloma periapikal 8 kasus (14,81%) dan kista periapikal 4 kasus (7,40 %). Simpulan: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad didapatkan proporsi tertinggi adalah abses periapikal diikuti granuloma periapikal dan yang terakhir adalah kista periapikal.Kata Kunci: Gigi nekrosis, lesi periapikal, radiograf periapikal ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries is the most common disease. In 2013, tooth decay of Indonesian people was 460 teeth per 100 people. If left untreated, it will develop, leading to pulp death and will spread, causing periapical infection. In 2010, pulp and periapical diseases were ranked 7th out of the ten most diseases in outpatients of the hospitals in Indonesia. A radiographic technique that can be used for the diagnosis of pulp and periapical disease is a periapical radiographic technique. This study was aimed to obtain information about the radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive, with study population was all radiographs of the necrotic teeth periapical lesions in November 2018 - January 2019 at Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The number of samples was 54 periapical radiographs. Results: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions, namely periapical abscesses in 42 cases (77.78%), periapical granuloma in 8 cases (14.81%) and periapical cysts in 4 cases (7.40%). Conclusion: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital mostly are periapical abscesses, followed by periapical granuloma, and the least is periapical cysts.Keywords: Necrotic teeth, periapical lesions, periapical radiographs
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Decusară, Mioara, Cerasella-Dorina Şincar, Alexandru Nicolau, and Teodora Denisa Gheorghi. "The importance of 3D imaging for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 62, no. 4 (2016): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2016.4.3.
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Within a century, dental radiology “suffered” transformation, beginning with periapical radiographs, cephalograms and panoramic radiography and continuing with digital imaging and cone beam computed tomography. In contemporary dental practice is importantant to choose the type of radiographic investigation in order to achieve a complete and accurate diagnosis, so necessary for determining the treatment plan for patients with dental-maxillary abnormalities. We conducted a comparative study between conventional radiographic investigation (periapical radiographs, panoramic radiography) and cone beam computed tomography in patients with malocclusions. The costs and radiation doses are low to the classic X-rays, but the diagnosis is given by the two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional dental-maxillary pathologies. Cone Beam CT scans were relatively high in cost and in radiation doses, but provided three-dimensional images and anatomic and radiological data of superior quality to the classics.
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Indra G, Maragathavalli G, and Deepika Rajendran. "Analysis of Panoramic Images of Orthodontic Patients." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (2020): 1750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3507.
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Panoramic imaging is the most widely requested radiographic technique in dentistry. In orthodontics, the clinical and radiographic examinations are routinely carried out along with dental and skeletal photographs as a part of diagnosis and treatment planning. The evaluation of radiographs of patients after orthodontic treatment is important in understanding the possible changes that tend to occur post-treatment. This study aims to analyze the incidental findings present in the radiographs of patients who previously underwent orthodontic treatment. A total of 30 patients (18 females; 12 male) were randomly selected from the Orthodontic clinic at the Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai. Two independent examiners analyzed the panoramic radiographs for anomalies and pathologies. The result showed the most common finding, which was periodontal pathology (Generalised bone loss, widening of periodontal ligament space, or both, loss of lamina dura) with a prevalence of 36.7%. All the patients taken into the study had at least one anomaly. In conclusion, the relevant findings were observed in all the radiographs & special care should be taken while evaluating them to diagnose alterations that may require other dental treatments.
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Cruz, Adriana Dibo, Jefferson Jesus Costa, and Solange Maria Almeida. "Distance learning in dental radiology: Immediate impact of the implementation." Brazilian Dental Science 17, no. 4 (2014): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2014.v17i4.930.
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<strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the immediate impact in terms of learning of the dento-maxillomandibular radiographic anatomy in intraoral periapical radiographs after entire replacement of the method of classroom learning by the distance learning using the Moodle platform.<strong> Material and Methods: </strong>The teaching of this subject by traditional educational setting in classroom was made until the first semester of 2011, “A class” (AC), using radiographic slabs from duplicated films. In the second semester of 2011, “B class” (BC), these radiographic slabs were digitalized, creating the Moodle e-course about dento-maxillomandibular anatomy in intraoral radiographs for distance learning. The impact was assessed by comparison of scores of students from two distinct classes, AC (N=60) and BC (N=62), after application of a similar test with all content of the topic of dento-maxillomandibular anatomy, using T-Student unpaired test (α=0.05). A voluntary and unidentified questionnaire with 12 questions, developed in Google Docs spreadsheets, was used to evaluate the acceptance of students for this e-course. <strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences (p&gt;0.05) were observed in scores of the students from two classes. Among other questions, all students of BC who completed the questionnaire had interest in content of the available material in e-course, and their satisfaction level on a scale from 0 to 10 had a mean of 8.47 (SD=1.69). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The method of distance learning of this subject using the Moodle platform can be utilized with same educational results as of those obtained from a traditional educational setting.
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Schvvartz, Steven. "Radiographic Techniques for the Pediatric Patient." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 1, no. 4 (1999): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-1-4-50.
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Abstract Obtaining quality radiographs on pediatric patients can be a challenge. Suggestions for communicating with patients about radiation safety and the need for radiographs can facilitate the process. Guidelines for radiographic exposure intervals for young patients are key elements in the reduction of exposure to ionizing radiation and are presented in this paper. The child patient presents unique challenges for the dental professional and special techniques are presented in this article that may be helpful in the conducting radiographic examinations for this patient population.
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Beshtawi, Khaled R., Mogammad T. Peck, and Manogari Chetty. "Review of the radiographic modalities used during dental implant therapy - A narrative." South African Dental Journal 76, no. 2 (2021): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2021/v76no2a4.
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The introduction of digital x-ray receivers which replaced conventional films was a significant radiographic development that is commonly used in daily dental practice. Dental implant therapy (DIT) is a sought after dental therapeutic intervention and dental radiography is an essential component contributing to the success of treatment. Dental radiographs taken in daily practice are generally conventional two-dimensional images and/or three-dimensional images. Ideally, the choice of radiographic technique should be determined after a thorough clinical examination and comprehensive consideration of the advantages, indications, and drawbacks. Digital three-dimensional modalities that have emerged over the last decade have been incorporated into DIT with the assumption that treatment outcomes will be improved. These modalities are constantly being reassessed and improved but there is a paucity of published information regarding the assessment of variables such as dosages and dimensional accuracy, suggesting that further research in these matters is necessary. This is crucial in order to obtain evidence-based information that may influence future radiographic practices. In this narrative, the authors present the most commonly used dental radiographic modalities currently used in DIT.
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Cha, Jun-Young, Hyung-In Yoon, In-Sung Yeo, Kyung-Hoe Huh, and Jung-Suk Han. "Peri-Implant Bone Loss Measurement Using a Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network on Dental Periapical Radiographs." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 5 (2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051009.
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Determining the peri-implant marginal bone level on radiographs is challenging because the boundaries of the bones around implants are often unclear or the heights of the buccal and lingual bone levels are different. Therefore, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was evaluated for detecting the marginal bone level, top, and apex of implants on dental periapical radiographs. An automated assistant system was proposed for calculating the bone loss percentage and classifying the bone resorption severity. A modified region-based CNN (R-CNN) was trained using transfer learning based on Microsoft Common Objects in Context dataset. Overall, 708 periapical radiographic images were divided into training (n = 508), validation (n = 100), and test (n = 100) datasets. The training dataset was randomly enriched by data augmentation. For evaluation, average precision, average recall, and mean object keypoint similarity (OKS) were calculated, and the mean OKS values of the model and a dental clinician were compared. Using detected keypoints, radiographic bone loss was measured and classified. No statistically significant difference was found between the modified R-CNN model and dental clinician for detecting landmarks around dental implants. The modified R-CNN model can be utilized to measure the radiographic peri-implant bone loss ratio to assess the severity of peri-implantitis.
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Phore, Swati, RahulSingh Panchal, Pallavi Baghla, and Nuzhat Nabi. "Dental radiographic signs." Indian Journal of Health Sciences 8, no. 2 (2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2349-5006.174234.
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Brand, John W. "Dental Radiographic Diagnosis." Radiology 172, no. 3 (1989): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.172.3.758.
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