Academic literature on the topic 'Denudation {Geologie}'
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Journal articles on the topic "Denudation {Geologie}"
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TILEY, RICHARD, NICKY WHITE, and SULEIMAN AL-KINDI. "Linking Paleogene denudation and magmatic underplating beneath the British Isles." Geological Magazine 141, no. 3 (May 2004): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756804009197.
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A simple flexural model is used to explore the relationship between magmatic underplating and denudation. First, we show how denudation can be calculated as a function of underplating. The distribution and density of underplate are obviously important parameters in determining the wavelength and amplitude of denudation. However, the denudational pattern can be considerably modulated by the flexural rigidity of the lithosphere. Several other parameters also play a significant role. For example, we show how variations in pre-existing bathymetry and in present-day topography affect denudational calculations. We have applied our simple algorithm to the problem of Paleogene underplating beneath the British Isles. Forward and inverse modelling of travel-time data from a wide-angle seismic experiment which traversed the British Isles suggests that a large pod of high velocity material occurs at Moho depths beneath the Irish Sea. The shape and inferred density of this pod are used to calculate the amplitude and wavelength of denudation for different flexural rigidities. We compare our predictions with the observed pattern of Paleogene denudation and conclude that the bulk of the observed denudation can be accounted for by magmatic underplating associated in a general way with the Iceland Plume. Notwithstanding this agreement, there is compelling evidence for additional mild uplift events especially during the Neogene. These mild events may reflect fluctuating dynamic topography associated with the Iceland Plume.
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Lisker, Frank, Christopher J. L. Wilson, and Helen J. Gibson. "Thermal history of the Vestfold Hills (East Antarctica) between Lambert rifting and Gondwana break-up, evidence from apatite fission track data." Antarctic Science 19, no. 1 (February 28, 2007): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102007000144.
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Analysis of five basement samples from the Vestfold Hills (East Antarctica) reveals pooled apatite fission track (FT) ages ranging from 188 to 264 Ma and mean lengths of 13.7 to 14.9 μm. Quantitative thermal histories derived from these data give consistent results indicating onset of cooling/denudation began sometime prior to 240 Ma, with final cooling below 105°–125°C occurring between 240 and 220 Ma (Triassic). A Cretaceous denudation phase can be inferred from the sedimentary record of the Prydz Bay offshore the Vestfold Hills. The two denudational episodes are likely associated with Palaeozoic large-scale rifting processes that led to the formation of the adjacent Lambert Graben, and to the Cretaceous Gondwana break-up between Antarctica and India. Subsequent evolution of the East Antarctic passive continental margin likely occurred throughout the Cenozoic based on the depositional record in Prydz Bay and constraints (though tentative) from FT data.
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Willenbring, J. K., A. T. Codilean, K. L. Ferrier, B. McElroy, and J. W. Kirchner. "Short Communication: Earth is (mostly) flat, but mountains dominate global denudation: apportionment of the continental mass flux over millennial time scales, revisited." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 2, no. 1 (January 29, 2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-2-1-2014.
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Abstract. Carbon dioxide consumption by silicate mineral weathering and the subsequent precipitation of carbonate sediments sequesters CO2 over geologic timescales. The rate of this carbon sequestration is coupled to rates of continental erosion, which exposes fresh minerals to weathering. Steep mountain landscapes represent a small fraction of continental surfaces but contribute disproportionately to global erosion rates. However, the relative contributions of Earth's much vaster, but more slowly eroding, plains and hills remain the subject of debate. Recently, Willenbring et al. (2013) analyzed a compilation of denudation rates and topographic gradients and concluded that low-gradient regions dominate global denudation fluxes and silicate weathering rates. Here, we show that Willenbring et al. (2003) topographic and statistical analyses were subject to methodological errors that affected their conclusions. We correct these errors, and reanalyze their denudation rate and topographic data. In contrast to the results of Willenbring et al. (2013), we find that the denudation flux from the steepest 10% of continental topography nearly equals the flux from the other 90% of the continental surface combined. This new analysis implies global denudation fluxes of ∼23 Gt yr−1, roughly five times the value reported in Willenbring et al. (2013) and closer to previous estimates found elsewhere in the literature. Although low-gradient landscapes make up a small proportion of the global fluxes, they remain important because of the human reliance, and impact, on these vast areas.
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Webb, J. A., D. Fabel, B. L. Finlayson, M. Ellaway, Li Shu, and H. P. Spiertz. "Denudation chronology from cave and river terrace levels: the case of the Buchan Karst, southeastern Australia." Geological Magazine 129, no. 3 (May 1992): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800019245.
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AbstractDetailed mapping of surface and underground karst features at Buchan, in eastern Victoria, has shown that the three river terraces along the Buchan River can be correlated with three levels of epiphreatic development in the nearby caves. Each level represents a stillstand in the denudational history of the area. Uranium series dating of speleothems and palaeomagnetic studies of cave sediments indicate that all three stilistands are more than 730 ka old. The periods of incision separating the stillstands were probably the result of active tectonic uplift. This contrasts with some northern parts of the Southeastern Highlands, which have been stable since the Eocene. The overall amount of incision and uplift at Buchan is small, indicating that the majority of scarp retreat in this section of the highlands must have occurred earlier. The denudation history of the Buchan area over the last 730 ka has seen only 2–3 m of incision, despite the major climatic and sea-level changes that have occurred in that time. Whereas most karst landscapes in the Northern Hemisphere have been extensively modified during the late Pleistocene, the Buchan karst was little affected, and its geomorphology has an older origin.
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Thomson, Stuart N. "Late Cenozoic geomorphic and tectonic evolution of the Patagonian Andes between latitudes 42°S and 46°S: An appraisal based on fission-track results from the transpressional intra-arc Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone." GSA Bulletin 114, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 1159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1159:lcgate>2.0.co;2.
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Abstract Fission-track (FT) thermochronology has been applied to investigate the low-temperature cooling and denudation history of the Patagonian Andes along the southern part of the intra-arc transpressional Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone between 42° and 46°S. The Liquiñe-Ofqui fault is shown to have been the focus of enhanced cooling and denudation initiated between ca. 16 and 10 Ma. Several fault blocks with different cooling histories are identified; these are separated by major oblique- or reverse-slip faults proposed to form the eastern part of a major (crustal-scale) dextral transpression zone. Local very fast rates of cooling and denudation between ca. 7 and 2 Ma were coeval with collision of the Chile Rise (an active mid-oceanic ridge) with the Peru-Chile Trench between ∼47° and 48°S. This location is close to the southern termination of the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault, implying that the collision of the ridge was a major force driving late Cenozoic transpression. The lack of significant cooling and denudation before ca. 16 Ma is indicative of pure strike-slip or transtensional movement along the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault before the collision of the ridge. Digital landscape analysis supports glacial and periglacial erosion as the main contributor to denudation since ca. 7 Ma, leading to restriction of topographic development. The combination of transpression-induced rock uplift and glacial erosion is shown to be very effective at causing localized denudation. Anomalously young FT ages along the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault are attributed to the existence of a late Cenozoic localized heat-flow anomaly along the fault.
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O’Connor, Jim E., Joseph F. Mangano, Daniel R. Wise, and Joshua R. Roering. "Eroding Cascadia—Sediment and solute transport and landscape denudation in western Oregon and northwestern California." GSA Bulletin 133, no. 9-10 (January 11, 2021): 1851–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35710.1.
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Abstract Riverine measurements of sediment and solute transport give empirical basin-scale estimates of bed-load, suspended-sediment, and silicate-solute fluxes for 100,000 km2 of northwestern California and western Oregon. This spatially explicit sediment budget shows the multifaceted control of geology and physiography on the rates and processes of fluvial denudation. Bed-load transport is greatest for steep basins, particularly in areas underlain by the accreted Klamath terrane. Bed-load flux commonly decreases downstream as clasts convert to suspended load by breakage and attrition, particularly for softer rock types. Suspended load correlates strongly with lithology, basin slope, precipitation, and wildfire disturbance. It is highest in steep regions of soft rocks, and our estimates suggest that much of the suspended load is derived from bed-load comminution. Dissolution, measured by basin-scale silicate-solute yield, constitutes a third of regional landscape denudation. Solute yield correlates with precipitation and is proportionally greatest in low-gradient and wet basins and for high parts of the Cascade Range, where undissected Quaternary volcanic rocks soak in 2–3 m of annual precipitation. Combined, these estimates provide basin-scale erosion rates ranging from ∼50 t · km−2 · yr−1 (approximately equivalent to 0.02 mm · yr−1) for low-gradient basins such as the Willamette River to ~500 t · km−2 · yr−1 (∼0.2 mm · yr−1) for steep coastal drainages. The denudation rates determined here from modern measurements are less than those estimated by longer-term geologic assessments, suggesting episodic disturbances such as fire, flood, seismic shaking, and climate change significantly add to long-term landscape denudation.
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Anderson, Suzanne Prestrud, William E. Dietrich, and George H. Brimhall. "Weathering profiles, mass-balance analysis, and rates of solute loss: Linkages between weathering and erosion in a small, steep catchment." GSA Bulletin 114, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 1143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1143:wpmbaa>2.0.co;2.
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Abstract In a headwater catchment in the Oregon Coast Range, we find that solid-phase mass losses due to chemical weathering are equivalent in the bedrock and the soil. However, the long-term rate of mass loss per unit volume of parent rock is greater in the soil than in the rock. We attribute this finding to the effects of biotic processes in the soil and to hydrologic conditions that maximize contact time and water flux through the mineral matrix in the soil. This result stems both from earlier work in which we demonstrated that rock and soil contribute equally to the solute flux and from arguments presented here that the basin is in dynamic equilibrium with respect to erosion and uplift. The silica flux of 10.7 ± 7.1 t·km−2·yr−1 from the basin is several times larger than the flux from older soils elsewhere, but comparable to the flux from sites with similar physical erosion rates. This result argues that physical denudation or uplift rates play an important role in setting the chemical denudation rate. Physical processes appear to influence chemical-weathering rates in several ways. First, they limit chemical evolution by removing material, thus setting the residence time within the weathered rock and the soil. Second, bioturbation mixes rock fragments into the more reactive soil and maintains high soil porosity, allowing free circulation of water. Because the weathering in the soil is more intense than in the rock, we argue that the chemical denudation rate will diminish where uplift rates—and, hence, physical-denudation rates—are great enough to lead to a bedrock-dominated landscape. Chemical denudation rates will increase with physical-denudation rates, but only as long as the landscape remains mantled by soil.
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Gioia, Dario, Claudio Martino, and Marcello Schiattarella. "Long- to short-term denudation rates in the southern Apennines: geomorphological markers and chronological constraints." Geologica Carpathica 62, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-011-0003-1.
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Long- to short-term denudation rates in the southern Apennines: geomorphological markers and chronological constraints Age constraints of geomorphological markers and consequent estimates of long- to short-term denudation rates from southern Italy are given here. Geomorphic analysis of the valley of the Tanagro River combined with apatite fission track data and radiometric dating provided useful information on the ages and evolution of some significant morphotectonic markers such as regional planated landscapes, erosional land surfaces and fluvial terraces. Reconstruction of paleotopography and estimation of the eroded volumes were perfomed starting from the plano-altimetric distribution of several orders of erosional land surfaces surveyed in the study area. Additional data about denudation rates related to the recent and/or active geomorphological system have been obtained by estimating the amount of suspended sediment yield at the outlet of some catchments using empirical relationships based on the hierarchical arrangement of the drainage network. Denudation rates obtained through these methods have been compared with the sedimentation rates calculated for two adjacent basins (the Pantano di San Gregorio and the Vallo di Diano), on the basis of published tephrochronological constraints. These rates have also been compared with those calculated for the historical sediment accumulation in a small catchment located to the north of the study area, with long-term exhumation data from thermochronometry, and with uplift rates from the study area. Long- and short-term denudation rates are included between 0.1 and 0.2 mm/yr, in good agreement with regional data and long-term sedimentation rates from the Vallo di Diano and the Pantano di San Gregorio Magno basins. On the other hand, higher values of exhumation rates from thermochronometry suggest the existence of past erosional processes faster than the recent and present-day exogenic dismantling. Finally, the comparison between uplift and denudation rates indicates that the fluvial erosion did not match the tectonic uplift during the Quaternary in this sector of the chain. The axial zone of the southern Apennines should therefore be regarded as a landscape in conditions of geomorphological disequilibrium.
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Aalto, Rolf, Thomas Dunne, and Jean Loup Guyot. "Geomorphic Controls on Andean Denudation Rates." Journal of Geology 114, no. 1 (January 2006): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/498101.
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Bishop, Paul. "Southeast Australian late Mesozoic and Cenozoic denudation rates: A test for late Tertiary increases in continental denudation." Geology 13, no. 7 (1985): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<479:salmac>2.0.co;2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Denudation {Geologie}"
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Raab, Matthias Johannes. "The geomorphic response of the passive continental margin of northern Namibia to Gondwana break-up and global scale tectonics." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2001/raab/index.html.
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Ellis, N. "Morphology, process and rates of denudation on the chalk shore platform of East Sussex." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372983.
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Łuszczak, Katarzyna. "Quantifying uplift and denudation of a thermally heterogeneous crust : a detailed multi-thermochronometric study of central west Britain." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7423/.
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Topography is often thought as exclusively linked to mountain ranges formed by plates collision. It is now, however, known that apart from compression, uplift and denudation of rocks may be triggered by rifting, like it happens at elevated passive margins, and away from plate boundaries by both intra-plate stress causing reactivation of older structures, and by epeirogenic movements driven by mantle dynamics and initiating long-wavelength uplift. In the Cenozoic, central west Britain and other parts of the North Atlantic margins experienced multiple episodes of rock uplift and denudation that have been variable both at spatial and temporal scales. The origin of topography in central west Britain is enigmatic, and because of its location, it may be related to any of the processes mentioned above. In this study, three low temperature thermochronometers, the apatite fission track (AFT) and apatite and zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe and ZHe, respectively) methods were used to establish the rock cooling history from 200◦C to 30◦C. The samples were collected from the intrusive rocks in the high elevation, high relief regions of the Lake District (NW England), southern Scotland and northern Wales. AFT ages from the region are youngest (55–70 Ma) in the Lake District and increase northwards into southern Scotland and southwards in north Wales (>200 Ma). AHe and ZHe ages show no systematic pattern; the former range from 50 to 80 Ma and the latter tend to record the post-emplacement cooling of the intrusions (200–400 Ma). The complex, multi-thermochronometric inverse modelling suggests a ubiquitous, rapid Late Cretaceous/early Palaeogene cooling event that is particularly marked in Lake District and Criffell. The timing and rate of cooling in southern Scotland and in northern Wales is poorly resolved as the amount of cooling was less than 60◦C. The Lake District plutons were at >110◦C prior to the early Palaeogene; cooling due to a combined effect of high heat flow, from the heat producing granite batholith, and the blanketing effect of the overlying low conductivity Late Mesozoic limestones and mudstones. Modelling of the heat transfer suggests that this combination produced an elevated geothermal gradient within the sedimentary rocks (50–70◦C/km) that was about two times higher than at the present day. Inverse modelling of the AFT and AHe data taking the crustal structure into consideration suggests that denudation was the highest, 2.0–2.5 km, in the coastal areas of the Lake District and southern Scotland, gradually decreasing to less than 1 km in the northern Southern Uplands and northern Wales. Both the rift-related uplift and the intra-plate compression poorly correlate with the timing, location and spatial distribution of the early Palaeogene denudation. The pattern of early Palaeogene denudation correlates with the thickness of magmatic underplating, if the changes of mean topography, Late Cretaceous water depth and eroded rock density are taken into consideration. However, the uplift due to underplating alone cannot fully justify the total early Palaeogene denudation. The amount that is not ex- plained by underplating is, however, roughly spatially constant across the study area and can be referred to the transient thermal uplift induced by the mantle plume arrival. No other mechanisms are required to explain the observed pattern of denudation. The onset of denudation across the region is not uniform. Denudation started at 70–75 Ma in the central part of the Lake District whereas the coastal areas the rapid erosion appears to have initiated later (65–60 Ma). This is ~10 Ma earlier than the first vol- canic manifestation of the proto-Iceland plume and favours the hypothesis of the short period of plume incubation below the lithosphere before the volcanism. In most of the localities, the rocks had cooled to temperatures lower than 30◦C by the end of the Palaeogene, suggesting that the total Neogene denudation was, at a maximum, several hundreds of metres. Rapid cooling in the last 3 million years is resolved in some places in southern Scotland, where it could be explained by glacial erosion and post-glacial isostatic uplift.
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Scharf, Taryn E. "Denudation rates and geomorphic evolution of the Cape Mountains, determined by the analysis of the in situ-produced cosmogenic 10BE." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4220.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Southern Africa is host to a unique mountain system, the Cape Mountains, which includes the coastal Cape Fold Belt (CFB) and an inland Escarpment. Apatite fission track analysis has shown that this mountain system is an erosion feature, exhumed from beneath 2-7 km of overburden by large-scale denudation processes affecting the subcontinent during Gondwana break-up (ca. 140 – 65 Ma). Despite its antiquity and location on a passive continental margin, the ruggedness of the present-day topography of the Cape Mountains compares to that of the world’s active orogens. The coastal Cape Mountains are traversed by deeply-incised, meandering rivers that cut canyons through the most resistant quartzite ridges of these mountains, perpendicular to their structural grain inherited from the CFB. The evolution of this landscape is poorly understood, because little quantitative data exists on the denudation history of the Cape Mountains. This study presents the first in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be inventories determined for quartz from catchment sediments and bedrock surfaces within the coastal Cape Mountains, with which to quantify denudation rates, exposure ages and the recent geomorphic evolution of these Cape Mountains. River sediments sampled from catchments within the Langeberg and Swartberg Ranges of the Western Cape, as well as bedrock from the Tradouw River traversing the Langeberg Range, were analysed. In addition, charcoal from alluvial material was collected for radiocarbon dating. Catchment-averaged denudation rates reported from these mountains range between 2.1 ± 0.3 and 6.9 ± 1.9 m·Myr-1. These are amongst the lowest reported rates globally, despite the rugged terrain of the mountain system. The spatial consistency between the low denudation rates suggests a landscape approaching geomorphic steady-state. This finding is best attributed to lithological control on denudation rates in a tectonically quiescent environment, and a relatively dry climate.
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Ribeiro, Luiz Felipe Brandini. "Morfotectônica da região centro-leste do Estado de São Paulo e áreas adjacentes de Minas Gerais : termocronologia e paleotensões /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103044.
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Orientador: Peter Christian HackspacherBanca: Julio César Hadler Neto
Banca: Cláudio Coelho de Lima
Banca: Iandara Alves Mendes
Banca: Norberto Morales
Resumo: O embasamento cristalino precambriano no sudeste do Brasil registra uma história tectônica fanerozóica que compreende uma série de reativações tectônicas caracterizadas por soerguimentos, subsidências e reativações de falhas. Para quantificar, datar e associar estas reativações com os eventos tectônicos regionais foram realizadas análises de caráter multidisciplinar, que consistem em reconhecimento de superfície erosivas, bem como delimitação e reconhecimento de depósitos correlativos. Com o intuito de reconhecer e quantificar feições de caráter rúptil, foi realizada análise dinâmica de falhas que inclui paleotensões e reconhecimento da rugosidade de clastos. A interação destas metodologias necessitou de uma associação temporal dos eventos, para isto foi feita datações pelo método Ar/Ar em material de falha e traços de fissão em apatitas próximo a falhas. Os resultados do campo de esforços com a geomorfologia permitiram definir cinco domínios morfoestruturais principais, onde foram registrados antigos eventos tectônicos recorrentes ao longo do Fanerozóico. Estes domínios foram denominados de acordo com o reconhecimento geográfico já proposto para a área, assim temos: A serrania de São Roque, O Planalto de Jundiaí, Mantiqueira Ocidental e Depressão de Cambuí e Planalto de Campos do Jordão. Os episódios tectônicos associados a estes domínios estão relacionados a soerguimentos e nos domínios Serrania de São Roque e Planalto de Jundiaí a geração e deformação de materiais de falha (pseudotaquilitos). Estes soerguimentos preservaram paleosuperfícies erosivas em cotas mais altas, que são indicativas de antigos ciclos de erosão, estas são observadas, principalmente nos domínios Mantiqueira Ocidental e Planalto de Campos do Jordão... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Phanerozoic tectonic histories of basement is registred many reactivations of faults, uplifts and subsidence. To quantify, dater and to associate this reactivations with tectonics events are multidisciplinary analyses, consists relief analysis, paleostress analysis, and structural analysis of faults, fission track and Ar/Ar ages. The results to permit subdivide area in five domains, to registry uplift and reactivation of faults. This faults to origin pseudotachylytes, these rocks . The uplift to basement relation with subsidence of Parana basin showing one complex relation between the basement and the deposition of Parana basin. The evolution of this basin seems to have been strongly influenced by compressive and distensive events associated to the subduction of Panthalassan plate under the southwestern, Gondwana margin, reflected as important unconformities in the stratigraphic framework of the Parana basin the elucidation of the uplift and denudation histories of the basement shield is crucial to the understanding of these tectonics effects.
Doutor
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Ribeiro, Luiz Felipe Brandini [UNESP]. "Morfotectônica da região centro-leste do Estado de São Paulo e áreas adjacentes de Minas Gerais: termocronologia e paleotensões." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103044.
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ribeiro_lfb_dr_rcla.pdf: 2783705 bytes, checksum: e1a426bdf710fbec9239ad48c9b2b00a (MD5)O embasamento cristalino precambriano no sudeste do Brasil registra uma história tectônica fanerozóica que compreende uma série de reativações tectônicas caracterizadas por soerguimentos, subsidências e reativações de falhas. Para quantificar, datar e associar estas reativações com os eventos tectônicos regionais foram realizadas análises de caráter multidisciplinar, que consistem em reconhecimento de superfície erosivas, bem como delimitação e reconhecimento de depósitos correlativos. Com o intuito de reconhecer e quantificar feições de caráter rúptil, foi realizada análise dinâmica de falhas que inclui paleotensões e reconhecimento da rugosidade de clastos. A interação destas metodologias necessitou de uma associação temporal dos eventos, para isto foi feita datações pelo método Ar/Ar em material de falha e traços de fissão em apatitas próximo a falhas. Os resultados do campo de esforços com a geomorfologia permitiram definir cinco domínios morfoestruturais principais, onde foram registrados antigos eventos tectônicos recorrentes ao longo do Fanerozóico. Estes domínios foram denominados de acordo com o reconhecimento geográfico já proposto para a área, assim temos: A serrania de São Roque, O Planalto de Jundiaí, Mantiqueira Ocidental e Depressão de Cambuí e Planalto de Campos do Jordão. Os episódios tectônicos associados a estes domínios estão relacionados a soerguimentos e nos domínios Serrania de São Roque e Planalto de Jundiaí a geração e deformação de materiais de falha (pseudotaquilitos). Estes soerguimentos preservaram paleosuperfícies erosivas em cotas mais altas, que são indicativas de antigos ciclos de erosão, estas são observadas, principalmente nos domínios Mantiqueira Ocidental e Planalto de Campos do Jordão...
Phanerozoic tectonic histories of basement is registred many reactivations of faults, uplifts and subsidence. To quantify, dater and to associate this reactivations with tectonics events are multidisciplinary analyses, consists relief analysis, paleostress analysis, and structural analysis of faults, fission track and Ar/Ar ages. The results to permit subdivide area in five domains, to registry uplift and reactivation of faults. This faults to origin pseudotachylytes, these rocks . The uplift to basement relation with subsidence of Parana basin showing one complex relation between the basement and the deposition of Parana basin. The evolution of this basin seems to have been strongly influenced by compressive and distensive events associated to the subduction of Panthalassan plate under the southwestern, Gondwana margin, reflected as important unconformities in the stratigraphic framework of the Parana basin the elucidation of the uplift and denudation histories of the basement shield is crucial to the understanding of these tectonics effects.
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Mendes, Laura Delgado. "Termocronologia (U-Th)He e reativação da margem continental do sudeste do Brasil: seção Serra da Mantiqueira - Gráben da Guanabara." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7406.
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A evolução da margem continental do sudeste do Brasil tem sido discutida por diversos autores desde meados do século passado até os dias atuais, especialmente no contexto da origem e evolução dos escarpamentos e das bacias tafrogênicas. Buscou-se contribuir com novos dados sobre a evolução da área a partir da aplicação da termocronologia de baixa temperatura (U-Th)/He em apatita, que oferece uma sensibilidade significativa para registrar movimentações tectônicas na crosta superior. Foi possível obter idades em 107 cristais de
apatita de 18 amostras do embasamento coletadas no perfil com orientação NW-SE, numa seção entre a Serra da Mantiqueira e o Gráben da Guanabara. As idades corrigidas variam entre 250,1 8,7 Ma e 43,5 1,9 Ma (2 σ) e as não corrigidas entre 174,13 3,03 Ma e
27,07 0,60 Ma (1 σ). O Neocretáceo, o Eocretáceo e o Paleoceno são os principais registros no conjunto de dados, em ordem de importância. No Neocretáceo, o intervalo entre 83,6 e 72,1 Ma (Campaniano) representa o maior destaque nos registros termocronológicos, embora os outros registros (Maastrichtiano e Santoniano) também estejam presentes e sejam
importantes. As idades do Neocretáceo destacam a importância dos eventos tectonomagmáticos
e soerguimento regional na história térmica dessa área, inclusive com idades (~86 Ma) atribuídas ao contexto de soerguimento da Serra do Mar. As idades do Eocretáceo
indicam o registro de eventos térmicos mais antigos, vinculados à evolução pré-rifte. Já os dados do Paleoceno estariam associados ao evento de reativação responsável pela implantação do sistema de riftes continentais (~65 Ma) e as idades do Eoceno, restritas à
borda de falha da bacia de Resende (49,7 Ma e 43,5 Ma), à reativação do sistema de riftes nessa área. A dispersão de idades foi interpretada como efeito dos danos de radiação já que muitos grãos apresentam correlação entre idade e concentração de urânio (eU). Os padrões de tempo-temperatura (t-T), definidos a partir dos modelos HeFTy calibrados para o modelo de
difusão que considera os efeitos de danos de radiação nos cristais, registraram eventos de resfriamento rápido, os quais mostram correlação direta com episódios de reativação e soerguimento na margem continental e com registros nas bacias continentais e marginais. O
padrão de aumento das idades com a elevação, assim como da costa em direção ao interior é observado, mas mostra-se alterado pela ocorrência de idades mais jovens associadas à complexa evolução dessa margem continental com desnivelamentos de blocos vinculados à
tectônica pós-rift, numa situação que ressalta a influência dos episódios de reativação. As estimativas de denudação total variam entre 1,2 e 2,8 km. As taxas de erosão variam entre 15,2 e 35,3 m/Ma. A evolução da área indica não apenas a influência de um evento específico mas, possivelmente, uma combinação de episódios que se alternaram e/ou atuaram em conjunto em determinados períodos. Os eventos de reativação mais antigos, combinados com os mais recentes, exibem os seus remanescentes na paisagem (serras da Mantiqueira e do Mar e os grábens e bacias sedimentares) e assumem papel fundamental na evolução da área. Os registros de tais episódios podem ser observados nas histórias térmicas das rochas e nos
depósitos correlativos nas bacias sedimentares marginais e intracontinentais.This doctoral dissertation involves low-temperature thermochronologic investigations to constrain the Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic reactivation of the continental margin of southeast Brazil. The study area is located in a segment of the Neoproterozoic Ribeira belt in southeastern Brazil, which occupied a central position in Western Gondwana. Lately, during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, fault zones related to the development of the continental rifts in southeast Brazil reactivated. Using apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology (AHe), we have presented the results of analysis on 107 apatite crystals of basement samples collected from a NWSE transect in the Mantiqueira Mountains to the Guanabara Graben, as well as from the NESE transverse faults. The data range from 27.07 0.60 Ma to 174.13 3.03 Ma (1 σ) for uncorrected ages, and from 43.5 1.9 Ma to 250.1 8.7 Ma (2 σ) for corrected ages. The Neo-Cretaceous, Eo-Cretaceous, and Paleocene are the main recorded AHe ages, in order of importance. The Eo-Cretaceous ages indicate the occurrence of older thermal events related to a pre-rifting phase (~121 Ma). The Neo-Cretaceous ages signify the importance of tectonic and magmatic events, and regional uplifting for the thermal history of the study area, including ages related to the Serra do Mar Mountains uplift (~86 Ma). Paleocene ages seem to be related to the reactivation (~65 Ma), which was responsible for the continental rifts in the southeastern Brazil. Finally, the Eocene ages (49.7 Ma and 43.5 Ma), which are from samples restricted to the Resende Basin border faults, indicate a continental rift reactivation. We investigated the age dispersion data, which were interpreted as an effect of radiation damage. Several samples show correlations between apatite (U-Th)/He age and effective U concentration (eU). We have applied HeFTy thermal modeling to obtain timetemperature (t T) paths using a radiation damage diffusion model. Inverse modeling of (U-Th)/He age data suggests rapid cooling episodes for all samples. The main thermal events recorded by the HeFTy models show a direct correlation with the timing of regional tectonic events: reactivation phases, continental margin uplift, and the sedimentary record. Apatite (U-Th)/He ages increase with distance from the coast and with elevation. However, these patterns are discontinued by samples of younger ages as a result of the reactivation process of pre-existing structures in the Brazilian continental margin. The total estimated denudation range from 1.2 to 2.8 km. The erosion rates range from 15.2 to 35.3 m/My. Thus, the multi-episodic thermal events, which led to the formation of important regional tectonic and geomorphological features (Mantiqueira Mountains, Serra do Mar Mountains, grabens, and sedimentary basins), seem to play a fundamental role in the evolution of the Brazilian continental margin. The records can be found in the thermal history of rocks and its correlated deposits in the continental margin.
Books on the topic "Denudation {Geologie}"
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Twardy, Juliusz. Dynamika denudacji holoceńskiej w strefie krawędziowej Wyżyny Łȯdzkiej. Łódź: Łódzkie Tow. Nauk., 1995.
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2
Borówka, Ryszard Krzysztof. Przebieg i rozmiary denudacji w obrębie śródwysoczyznowych basenów sedymentacyjnych podczas późnego vistulianu i holocenu. Poznań: Wydawn. Nauk. Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza, 1992.
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Lynch, Gregory. Structural denudation of Silurian-Devonian high-grade metamorphic rocks and postorogenic detachment faulting in the Maritimes Basin, northern Nova Scotia. Ottawa, Ont: Geological Survey of Canada, 2001.
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4
K, Gallagher, Jones S. J, and Wainwright John W, eds. Landscape evolution: Denudation, climate and tectonics over different time and space scales. London: Geological Society, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Denudation {Geologie}"
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Del Monte, Maurizio, Francesca Vergari, Pierluigi Brandolini, Domenico Capolongo, Andrea Cevasco, Sirio Ciccacci, Christian Conoscenti, et al. "Multi-method Evaluation of Denudation Rates in Small Mediterranean Catchments." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 1, 563–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09300-0_105.
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Bermúdez, Mauricio A., Matthias Bernet, Barry P. Kohn, and Stephanie Brichau. "Exhumation-Denudation History of the Maracaibo Block, Northwestern South America: Insights from Thermochronology." In Geology and Tectonics of Northwestern South America, 879–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76132-9_13.
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Vergari, Francesca, Marta Della Seta, Maurizio Del Monte, Linda Pieri, and Francesca Ventura. "Integrated Approach to the Evaluation of Denudation Rates in an Experimental Catchment of the Northern Italian Apennines." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 1, 533–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09300-0_100.
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"CHAPTER VI. DENUDATION." In The student's elements of geology., 73–84. Thomas Telford Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/tseog.52581.0006.
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Gallagher, Kerry. "Uplift, denudation, and their causes and constraints over geological timescales." In Phanerozoic Regional Geology of the World, 608–44. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53042-4.00022-4.
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"CHAPTER VII. JOINT ACTION OF DENUDATION, UPHEAVAL, AND SUBSIDENCE IN REMODELLING THE EARTH'S CRUST." In The student's elements of geology., 85–97. Thomas Telford Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/tseog.52581.0007.
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Demoulin, Alain. "Tectonic Evolution, Geology, and Geomorphology." In The Physical Geography of Western Europe. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199277759.003.0010.
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The present-day major relief features of western Europe are to a great extent determined by the underlying geological structures, either passively or actively. To get a comprehensive picture of their morphological evolution and interrelations, this chapter provides an overview of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the larg-escale tectonic framework of the continent. After having described the west European landscape at the end of the Palaeozoic, to which time the oldest preserved landforms date back, an outline of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic history of the major tectonic domains follows. Finally, some denudation estimates highlighting the relationship between tectonics, erosion, and the resulting relief, will be discussed. The three main influences on the present-day topographic patterns are those of the Alpine orogeny, the Cenozoic West European rifting, and the imprint of Variscan structures. They combine within a regional stress field determined by the Africa–Eurasia collision and the Alpine push as well as the mid-Atlantic ridge push. Since the end of the Miocene, this stress field is characterized by a fan-shaped distribution of SHmax along the northern border of the Alpine arc. This gives way to a more consistent NW–SE to NNW–SSE direction of compression further from the chain (Bergerat 1987; Müller et al. 1992). Topographically, western Europe may be roughly divided into a series of belts parallel to the Alpine chain. The Alpine chain culminates in a number of peaks exceeding 4,000 m in elevation (4,810 m at Mont Blanc) but the average altitude is in the order of 2,000 m. To the north, the mountainous Alps are bordered by the Molasse foredeep basin whose surface makes an inclined plane descending northwards from c.1,000 m to c.300 m near the Donau River in the Regensburg-Passau area. To the north-west, the Molasse basin narrows between the Alps and the Jura Mountains and is occupied by several extended lakes inherited from Quaternary glacial activity. Next to the Molasse basin in the north and west is a wide belt of recently more or less uplifted areas between 200 and 1,000 m in elevation (and locally in excess of 1,000 m in the French Massif Central and the Bohemian massif).
Conference papers on the topic "Denudation {Geologie}"
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Winn, Carmen, Karl Karlstrom, and Shari A. Kelley. "TIMING AND GEOMETRY OF THE ‘GREAT DENUDATION’ OF THE GRAND STAIRCASE OF THE SOUTHERN COLORADO PLATEAU FROM COMBINED GEOLOGIC AND APATITE THERMOCHRONOLOGIC DATA." In Joint 70th Annual Rocky Mountain GSA Section / 114th Annual Cordilleran GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018rm-314309.
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