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Journal articles on the topic 'Dependence on previous development'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

СКОРЕВ М.М., СКОРЕВ М. М., and КАЛИНИНА Г. К. КАЛИНИНА Г.К. "DEPENDENCE ON THE PREVIOUS PATH OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE ECONOMY." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 4(165) (June 25, 2024): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2024.165.4.088.

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В статье представлены результаты исследования проявления современных экономических подходов в зависимости от предшествующего развития с позиции символизма и иерархизма, а также элитного подхода. The article presents the results of a study of the manifestations of modern economic approaches depending on the previous development of symbolism and hierarchism, as well as the elite approach.

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Ханжина and Tatyana Khanzhina. "Development of Domestic Primary School in 20-30s of the Previous Century." Primary Education 4, no. 2 (2016): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19011.

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The article considers features of the domestic education content and organization of the pedagogical process in primary school in 20-30s of the XX century. The main attention is paid to the features of the primary school functioning in Srednevolzhskiy Region. The educational process orientation to the forming of schoolchildren pro-active attitude, development of self-dependence and initiativity, trust in bright future of the country.

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Inaba, Yohei, Masaaki Nakamura, Masayuki Zuguchi, and Koichi Chida. "Development of Novel Real-Time Radiation Systems Using 4-Channel Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092741.

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Radiation-related tissue injuries after medical radiation procedures, such as fluoroscopically guided intervention (FGI), have been reported in patients. Real-time monitoring of medical radiation exposure administered to patients during FGI is important to avoid such tissue injuries. In our previous study, we reported a novel (prototype) real-time radiation system for FGI. However, the prototype sensor indicated low sensitivity to radiation exposure from the side and back, although it had high-quality fundamental characteristics. Therefore, we developed a novel 4-channel sensor with modified s

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Klein, Diane A., Andrew S. Bennett, Janet Schebendach, Richard W. Foltin, Michael J. Devlin, and B. Timothy Walsh. "Exercise “Addiction” in Anorexia Nervosa: Model Development and Pilot Data." CNS Spectrums 9, no. 7 (2004): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900009627.

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AbstractBackground:Excessive exercise has long been observed to be a problematic behavior of many patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, many questions remain as to the exact role exercise plays in this disorder. In particular, it has been suggested that exercise holds “addictive” properties in persons with AN, but that remains to be demonstrated.Objective:The aim of this study was to adapt and apply a scale used in addictions research to determine whether symptoms of “dependence” to exercise could be measured in a group of women with AN.Results:Forty-eight percent of individuals assess

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Kuznetsova, A. L., and Yu M. Zverev. "The “path dependence effect” and its application for regional studies (case of Kaliningrad oblast)." Regional'nye issledovaniya, no. 2 (2019): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/10.5922/1994-5280-2019-2-2.

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One of the main questions studying by the economic geography is the reasons for the heterogeneity of the distribution of economic processes in space. For research of this kind, it is extremely important that the researcher uses the idea of he economic process as such, the nature of its dynamics and the factors influencing its development. This paper is devoted to the concept of the “path dependence”, based on the ideas of “dependence on previous development”. The notion is clearly interdisciplinary in nature and can be used and is already used in economic and geographical research. This work i

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Tvrdoň, J. "Human capital and modelling of its development." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 3 (2012): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5003-agricecon.

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The paper deals with the relation between education, as pivotal characteristics of capital, and efficiency of school work-places with use of production modelling. A starting analytic tool is a determination of school facilities efficiency according to an efficiency matrix from which it results that also schools with a lower volume of resources per a student can significantly contribute to human capital development. Transformation of these sources into knowledge is expressed by a production function of education in which results of students are an endogenous variable in dependence on school res

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Coles, M. C., and D. H. Raulet. "Class I dependence of the development of CD4+ CD8- NK1.1+ thymocytes." Journal of Experimental Medicine 180, no. 1 (1994): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.180.1.395.

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A small subset of functionally active CD4+ CD8- thymocytes express the NK1.1 marker, as do most CD4-CD8- NK1.1+ thymocytes. Previous studies have failed to implicate a role for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or related molecules in the selection of the CD4+ CD8- NK1.1+ subset. We report here that the development of most of these cells is sharply reduced in class I-deficient mice, but not in class II-deficient mice. Hence, some CD4+ T cells are class I dependent and not class II dependent. Unlike conventional T cells, however, the development of NK1.1+ thymocytes in both the CD4+ CD8- a

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FERGUSSON, D. M., L. J. HORWOOD, and N. R. SWAIN-CAMPBELL. "Cannabis dependence and psychotic symptoms in young people." Psychological Medicine 33, no. 1 (2003): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702006402.

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Background. The aims of this research were to use data gathered over the course of a 21 year longitudinal study to examine the linkages between cannabis dependence at ages 18 and 21 and rates of psychotic symptoms taking into account previous symptom levels and other confounding factors.Method. Data were gathered during the course of the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS). The CHDS is a longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 children who have been studied from birth to age 21. As part of this study, data were gathered on cannabis dependence and psychotic symptoms at ages 18

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Zaima, O. A., O. L. Derhachov, A. A. Siroshtan, A. M. Bordiuh, and T. M. Shevchenko. "Dependence of the soft winter wheat productivity on growing conditions." Scientific Journal Grain Crops 8, no. 1 (2024): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0317.

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Topicality. The establishment of optimal previous crops and sowing dates in accordance with specific growing conditions is relevant, because different varieties have different biological characteristics. Therefore, an important task is to develop the best agricultural measures for each individual variety. Purpose. To determine the plasticity of soft winter wheat varieties, as well as the share of influence of agrotechnical measures and growing conditions on their yield level. Materials and Methods. We studied the dependence of winter wheat yield on the following factors: A – previous crops (5)

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Ergasheva, Yu Yu, and N. T. Mukhsinov. "Characteristics Of The Clinic And The Course Of Sonata Addiction Preceding The Formation Of Complicated Alcoholism." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 02, no. 12 (2020): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume02issue12-15.

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The clinical characteristics and the course of alcohol dependence, preceding the formation of a complicated sonata were studied in 60 patients. A study of the clinical characteristics and the course of alcohol dependence preceding the formation of a complicated sonata was carried out in 60 patients. It has been established that in most cases, the introduction to sonatas occurs against the background of an expanded stage of previous alcoholism, characterized by a rapid rate of development and high progression.

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Phillips, C. G., and S. R. Kaye. "A uniformly asymptotic approximation for the development of shear dispersion." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 329 (December 25, 1996): 413–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211209600897x.

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In this paper we consider the development of shear dispersion following the introduction of a diffusing tracer substance into a tube or duct containing flowing fluid, with emphasis on the characterization of the temporal variation of concentration at a fixed axial position. Asymptotic results are derived by assuming that the distance downstream of the point of tracer introduction, appropriately non-dimensionalized, is large. First, we consider the central moments of the temporal concentration variation, including their dependence on transverse position and on the initial transverse distributio

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V., Dmytriv,, Dmytriv, I., and Krasnytsia, B. "Analytical model of liner with previous loads." Mehanization and electrification of agricultural, no. 9(108) (2019): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-12.

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Purpose. Development analytical model of the liner, taking into account its previous tension, structural and technological parameters and physical-mechanical characteristics of the rubber material, for modeling its deformations in the radial, longitudinal and circular planes. Methods. Analytical, mathematical modeling. Results. On the basis of the equilibrium equations for a cylindrical shell, taking into account the isotropy of the medium and the without momentary stress state, the spatial of forces and the preliminary tension of the liner, a system of analytic equations is developed that ena

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Bastola, Mukesh Kumar. "NGO Regulation: Themes and Debates with Reference to Nepal." Curriculum Development Journal 29, no. 43 (2021): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cdj.v29i43.41042.

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Since the 1980s, due to the failure of previous development strategies, nongovernmental organizations have emerged as major actors in development, particularly in developing countries like Nepal. However, in recent years, most countries have perceived that NGOs are not operating genuinely to fulfill their expected goals. In this context, this paper set out to answer two questions: why NGOs tend to represent donors' preferences and why developing countries like Nepal become unable to adopt strict NGO regulations. It is based on the analysis of archival documents and review of previous study fin

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Domnich, Y. L. "Assessment of Path Dependence Parameters in Technological Innovation across Russia’s Regions." Economy of regions 20, no. 4 (2024): 993–1007. https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2024-4-2.

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The dynamics of technological innovation in regional industries across Russia show significant spatial and temporal disparities. This variation underscores the importance of studying the parameters of innovation path dependence. This study evaluates the role of innovation path dependence and the current level of economic development in driving industrial innovation across various regions of Russia. Using a dynamic autoregressive model, this study examined the current innovation costs and outputs of industrial enterprises as functions of both innovation path dependence (measured by previous val

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Fazli shojai, Elham, Moslem Najafi, and Mohammad Charkhpour. "Evaluating the Effects of Chronic Administration of Natural Honey on the Development of Dependence on Morphine in the Male Rats." Pharmaceutical Sciences 25, no. 4 (2019): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ps.2019.35.

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Background: According to the previous studies, the exact mechanism of dependence on opioids and withdrawal syndrome has not been fully understood but one of the most important mechanisms is the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CNS. On the other way, previous studies showed that natural honey (NHO) has anti-inflammatory properties. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic administration of natural honey on the development of morphine dependence in male rats. Methods: Honey was prepared from Tarom Oliya region in Zanjan province. Experiments were performed on male Wistar

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Wang, Xiaoyuan, and Yan Liu. "Explaining Consumer Heterogeneity in Structural State-Dependence." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (2020): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072597.

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Consumers are heterogeneous in their inertial responses to previous consumptions. Information on consumers’ structural state-dependence is valuable for evaluating consumers’ habit-forming strength and thus can be used for encouraging more sustainable consumption. Conventional methods of estimating such effects are complex and require repeated purchase data, which is difficult to obtain when consumers are inexperienced in buying sustainable products. In this paper, we utilize consumers’ previous switch behaviour data and investigate whether it can explain heterogeneous state-dependence effects.

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Chikaraishi, Ryo, and Mingcong Deng. "Operator-Based Nonlinear Control of Calorimetric System Actuated by Peltier Device." Machines 9, no. 8 (2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9080174.

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Recently, the development of SiC and GaN high-performance semiconductor devices has led to higher efficiency in power conversion equipment. In order to perform thermal design of power conversion equipment and evaluation of the equipment, it is necessary to measure the power loss of the equipment with high accuracy. In a previous study, a system to measure the power loss from the amount of heat emitted from power conversion devices using a Peltier device was proposed. In this study, aiming to improve the measurement accuracy, the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of a Peltier d

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18

B., Ashoka. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2632061.

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<em>An attempt is made in this paper is to analyse the sustainable development, human development and institutional quality. Human development in the present age is based on knowledge, its development and accumulation. In this knowledge environment, the role of culture, especially its diversity and adaptive capacity, is essential. However, the present phase of globalization, which institutionalizes open borders and unrestricted flows of information and foreign lifestyles without barriers to content, may deliver shocks that threaten the peaceful adaptive capacity of many indigenous cultures. So

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Matveev, Alexandr. "Application of the Theory of "Path Dependence" In the Study of Institutional Transformations in Russia." Administrative Consulting, no. 4 (June 7, 2019): 107–13. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2019-4-107-113.

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The article discusses the possibilities offered by the theory of “path dependence” in the study of institutional transformations. The author describes how this theory is applied in various branches of scientific knowledge. Various interpretations of institutional matrices are described, with the help of which one can most clearly demonstrate the continuity in institutional transformations. With the help of institutional matrices, an analysis of institutional changes in the Russian state from the 90s of the twentieth century to the present is carried out. Based on the analysis, the

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Soares, C. Guedes. "Stochastic Modeling of Maximum Still-Water Load Effects in Ship Structures." Journal of Ship Research 34, no. 03 (1990): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1990.34.3.199.

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A stochastic model of an alternating renewal pulse process is proposed to describe the time dependence of still-water load effects in ship structures, extending previous studies that dealt only with random variables. The model proposed is applied to different ship types and the probability of occurrence of annual maxima is also determined in those cases. The results of a brief statistical analysis of load duration are also included as a basis to describe the time dependence of the process. Applications of this model to the development of code requirements are also included.

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Stádník, Bohumil. "TESTING OF MARKET PRICE DIRECTION DEPENDENCE ON US STOCK MARKET." Business, Management and Education 10, no. 2 (2012): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bme.2012.15.

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The correct model of a liquid financial market is very important for all market activities including for example a stock or bond portfolio management or an asset valuation. Dynamic Financial Market Model is a comprehensive model with a detailed interpretation. The model considers also feedback processes which cause price development direction dependence on the previous development. This is why it is also able to explain departures from normality as leptokurtic deformations with fat tails and sharpness, extreme values or skewness in the returns’ probability distributions. These departures are c

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Bae, Gi-Yeul, and Steven J. Luck. "Serial dependence in vision: Merely encoding the previous-trial target is not enough." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 27, no. 2 (2020): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01678-7.

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23

ÖBERG, CHRISTINA, and CHRISTINA GRUNDSTRÖM. "CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN INNOVATIVE FIRMS' NETWORK DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Innovation Management 13, no. 04 (2009): 593–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919609002431.

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The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss challenges and opportunities related to the development of innovative firms' networks. The paper utilises four case studies based on interviews with representatives of young innovative firms and their present and previous network partners. The findings show that while early network partners often play several roles simultaneously, the roles of both the innovative firm and its network partners become increasingly distinct as the innovative firm develops. Such clarification of roles highlights competition between parties. For the innovative fi

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Zulfiqar, Muhammad, and Anwar F. Chishti. "Development of Supply and Demand Functions of Pakistan’s Wheat Crop." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 15, no. 1 (2010): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2010.v15.i1.a4.

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A simultaneous-equations model was used to capture the supply and demand functions for Pakistan’s wheat sector at the national level. This model reflects the fact that Pakistan’s domestic wheat supply is priceresponsive and positively affected by the use of nutrient fertilizers. While price appears to be a statistically significant factor on the supply side, it is statistically insignificant on the demand side. Population size appears to be very significant in determining wheat demand. The wheat import supply seems to be influenced by the current world wheat price, current world wheat supplies

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Lososová, J., and R. Zdeněk. "Development of farms according to the LFA classification." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 12 (2013): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/66/2013-agricecon.

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The aim of the paper is to assess the situation and development of Czech agriculture by the production and economic ratios of a sample of farms. The development is evaluated using a database of farms from the Czech Republic since 2000, divided by the share of land included in the LFA. The year 2011 revealed a significant improvement in economic indicators over the previous year. A positive profit appeared in 95% of enterprises and economic results approached the results of 2007. An important trend is the reduction in the number of workers, when in 2011 the number of workers was equal to 70% to

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Ragin, Charles C., and York W. Bradshaw. "International Economic Dependence and Human Misery, 1938–1980: A Global Perspective." Sociological Perspectives 35, no. 2 (1992): 217–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389378.

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Previous quantitative cross-national studies of international inequality have skirted several basic questions raised by dependency and world-system theories. These shortcomings stem from data limitations and from difficult problems in design and conceptualization. This paper attempts to overcome some of these problems by: (1) complementing the study of economic development with analyses of cross-national variation in physical quality of life; (2) using data at five points in time (1938, 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980) and reporting the results of a variety of panel models with different time lags;

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Kim, Nana, Minjeong Jeon, and Ivailo Partchev. "Conditional Dependence across Slow and Fast Item Responses: With a Latent Space Item Response Modeling Approach." Journal of Intelligence 12, no. 2 (2024): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence12020023.

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There recently have been many studies examining conditional dependence between response accuracy and response times in cognitive tests. While most previous research has focused on revealing a general pattern of conditional dependence for all respondents and items, it is plausible that the pattern may vary across respondents and items. In this paper, we attend to its potential heterogeneity and examine the item and person specificities involved in the conditional dependence between item responses and response times. To this end, we use a latent space item response theory (LSIRT) approach with a

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Chen, Shi, Dongqing Qiu, Xing Li, and Qingbai Zhao. "Discrepancies in Adolescent–Parent Perceptions of Parental Phubbing and Their Relevance to Adolescent Smartphone Dependence: The Mediating Role of Parent–Child Relationship." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 11 (2023): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13110888.

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Parental phubbing behavior is a significant predictor of adolescent smartphone dependence. However, previous research has mainly focused on the child and adolescent’s perspective, overlooking potential differences in how parents and their children perceive parental phubbing. Therefore, this study investigates whether disparities exist in how parents and adolescents perceive parental phubbing and how these perceptual differences impact adolescent smartphone dependence. We also explore the role of the parent–child relationship in this context. In this study, 728 families from a middle school in

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Hendon, Harry H., Matthew C. Wheeler, and Chidong Zhang. "Seasonal Dependence of the MJO–ENSO Relationship." Journal of Climate 20, no. 3 (2007): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4003.1.

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Abstract Observations of the development of recent El Niño events suggest a pivotal role for the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Previous attempts to uncover a systematic relationship between MJO activity and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), however, have yielded conflicting results. In this study the MJO–ENSO relationship is stratified by season, and the focus is on MJO activity in the equatorial western Pacific. The results demonstrate that MJO activity in late boreal spring leads El Niño in the subsequent autumn–winter for the period 1979–2005. Spring is the season when MJO activit

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STAFFORD, JUDITH A., and ALEXANDER L. WOLF. "ARCHITECTURE-LEVEL DEPENDENCE ANALYSIS FOR SOFTWARE SYSTEMS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 11, no. 04 (2001): 431–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819400100061x.

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The emergence of formal software architecture description languages provides an opportunity to perform analyses at high levels of abstraction, as well as early in the development process. Previous research has primarily focused on developing techniques such as algebraic and transition-system analysis to detect component mismatches or global behavioral incorrectness. In this paper we motivate the utility and describe the challenges in developing a different kind of analysis for use at the architectural level, namely dependence analysis. Various kinds of dependence analyses have been used widely

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Nadarajan, Jeba, and Rathi Sivanraj. "Attention-based Multiscale Spatiotemporal Network for Traffic Forecast with Fusion of External Factors." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 12 (2022): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11120619.

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Periodic traffic prediction and analysis is essential for urbanisation and intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, traffic prediction is challenging due to the nonlinear flow of traffic and its interdependencies on spatiotemporal features. Traffic flow has a long-term dependence on temporal features and a short-term dependence on local and global spatial features. It is strongly influenced by external factors such as weather and points of interest. Existing models consider long-term and short-term predictions in Euclidean space. In this paper, we design an attention-based encoder–de

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Schlossarek, Samantha, Jürgen Kempkensteffen, Jens Reimer, and Uwe Verthein. "Psychosocial Determinants of Cannabis Dependence: A Systematic Review of the Literature." European Addiction Research 22, no. 3 (2015): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000441777.

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Background: Many studies have examined factors associated with the first onset of cannabis use and abuse. Currently, there is relatively little research regarding conditions under which cannabis dependence is more likely to emerge. Although previous studies have examined different potential determinants of cannabis dependence, to our knowledge, a systematic review is lacking. Aims: The study aims to identify recent findings regarding psychosocial determinants of cannabis dependence and to summarize them systematically. Methods: A literature search in 4 databases - Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and

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Chen, Congbo, and Azhong Ye. "Heterogeneous Effects of ICT across Multiple Economic Development in Chinese Cities: A Spatial Quantile Regression Model." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020954.

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Most previous articles estimate the effects of information communication technologies (ICTs) on economic growth average using national data without consideration of heterogeneity of ICT effects on cities across multiple economic development. The heterogeneity of ICT effects is confirmed to promote both the sustainability and equitableness of the whole cities. In order to investigate the heterogeneous effects of ICT between developed and less developed cities, a quantile spatial autoregressive (QSAR) model is applied to estimate coefficients at different quantiles while accounting for the spati

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Newman, C. G. J., I. Crome, and M. Frisher. "Revealing the Role of Context, Experience and Individual Differences in the Assessment of Heroin Addicts’ Decision Making Abilities." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70538-3.

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The development of decision making paradigms has prompted a consideration that an underlying deficit may assist in explaining substance dependence. However, despite these advances, little progress has been made in accounting for large inter-subject variance within previous studies. This failure continues to undermine many of the previous attempts to explain individual difference.A study was undertaken to develop methods for analysing and describing individual response behaviours within a decision-making task. In addition, the effect of task manipulations such as feedback, penalties and practic

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Alalmai, Somaiyah. "Macroeconomic Factors of Stock Market Development (The Case of Saudi Arabia)." Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing 5, no. 57 (2024): 05–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52132/ajrsp.e.2024.57.1.

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Most economists recognize that a healthy capital market can enhance economic growth. In 2016, Saudi Arabia launched Vision 2030, and the Financial Sector Development Program is part of the Vision. The program aims to achieve economic diversification, reduce oil dependence, and trigger economic growth. Capital market development has an integral part to play in achieving Vision 2030 goals. For this reason, it is essential to investigate the factors that could influence it. The literature on the impact of macroeconomic factors on the stock market development is inconclusive; thus, it is difficult

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Momeñe, Janire, Ana Estévez, Mark D. Griffiths, et al. "The Impact of Insecure Attachment on Emotional Dependence on a Partner: The Mediating Role of Negative Emotional Rejection." Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 10 (2024): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs14100909.

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Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between insecure attachment and the development of emotional dependence towards an individual’s partner. However, the possibility that this relationship may be indirect and mediated by individual factors such as difficulties in emotional regulation has not previously been explored. Consequently, the objectives of the present study were to analyze the (i) differences in emotional dependence on an individual’s partner and difficulties in emotional regulation capacity according to secure, preoccupied or dismissing attachment style and (ii) mediati

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Quiroz, Karicia. "Pharmaceutical megamergers’ dependence on existing products." Strategic Direction 32, no. 6 (2016): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-03-2016-0041.

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Purpose Recent developments suggest that pharmaceutical companies are acquiring existing products through mergers to improve their business models; however, this paper aims to emphasize R&D as a strategy to boost revenues and counteract the risks of existing products that may be unreliable. In light of Pfizer’s upcoming US$160 billion merger deal with Allergan, the paper’s objective is to illuminate the outcomes of Pfizer’s previous megamergers (>US$10 billion) to indicate what could happen to the company’s economic profits if it only focused on the acquisition of established drugs inst

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Lonska, Jelena, and Vera Komarova. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF THE BALTIC COUNTRIES' INHABITANTS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 6 (May 21, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol6.3831.

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Since the Baltic countries have joined the European Union, the value of personal satisfaction with life has fluctuated – decreased or increased – along with GDP per capita until the crisis, i.e. until 2009; afterwards, the nature of this dependency started to change across the countries. The novelty of the current research study is the analysis of the people's SWB dependence upon the economic development indicators in the Baltic countries after their accession to the EU, conducted in the context of the results of previous research studies on the topic. The research aim is to review theoretical

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Degenhardt, L., W. T. Chiu, K. Conway, et al. "Does the ‘gateway’ matter? Associations between the order of drug use initiation and the development of drug dependence in the National Comorbidity Study Replication." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 1 (2008): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708003425.

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BackgroundThe ‘gateway’ pattern of drug initiation describes a normative sequence, beginning with alcohol and tobacco use, followed by cannabis, then other illicit drugs. Previous work has suggested that ‘violations’ of this sequence may be predictors of later problems but other determinants were not considered. We have examined the role of pre-existing mental disorders and sociodemographics in explaining the predictive effects of violations using data from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).MethodThe NCS-R is a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 928

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Thoemmes, Felix. "Empirical evaluation of directional-dependence tests." International Journal of Behavioral Development 39, no. 6 (2015): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025415582055.

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Testing of directional dependence is a method to infer causal direction that recently has attracted some attention. Previous examples by e.g. von Eye and DeShon (2012a) and extensive simulation studies by Pornprasertmanit and Little (2012) have demonstrated that under specific assumptions, directional-dependence tests can recover the true causal direction between two variables. Simulation results are important in the evaluation of any statistical method, but they are necessarily less complex than real data that come with potential irregularities (e.g. departures from linearity, presence of con

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Termosa, Iryna. "Formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine." Ekonomika APK 310, no. 8 (2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202008081.

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The purpose of the article is to study aspects of the formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine, to determine effective and ineffective but operating institutions, to define the interpretation of the concept of the "institutional economic environment," to form, on the basis of dependence on the previous development path, an algorithm for introducing a new institution, as well as to determine the optimal regime for its development. Research methods. Dialectical methods of knowledge of processes and phenomena, a monographic method (analysis of

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Handley, Elizabeth D., Fred A. Rogosch, and Dante Cicchetti. "Developmental pathways from child maltreatment to adolescent marijuana dependence: Examining moderation by FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5)." Development and Psychopathology 27, no. 4pt2 (2015): 1489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579415000899.

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AbstractThe current study examined the prospective association between child maltreatment and the development of substance use disorder in adolescence with the aim of investigating pathways underlying this relation, as well as genetic moderation of these developmental mechanisms. Specifically, we tested whether youth who experienced maltreatment prior to age 8 were at risk for the development of marijuana dependence in adolescence by way of a childhood externalizing pathway and a childhood internalizing pathway. Moreover, we tested whether variation in FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5) CATT

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Randesi, Matthew, Orna Levran, Wim van den Brink, et al. "Further evidence for the association of GAL, GALR1 and NPY1R variants with opioid dependence." Pharmacogenomics 21, no. 13 (2020): 903–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2020-0045.

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Aim: Heroin addiction is a chronic, relapsing disease that has genetic and environmental, including drug-induced, contributions. Stress influences the development of addictions. This study was conducted to determine if variants in stress-related genes are associated with opioid dependence (OD). Patients & methods: One hundred and twenty variants in 26 genes were analyzed in 597 Dutch subjects. Patients included 281 OD in methadone maintenance with or without heroin-assisted treatment and 316 controls. Results: Twelve SNPs in seven genes showed a nominally significant association with OD. E

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Wang, Hua, Shi Wang, Cheng-Fu Yang, Sheng-Nan Jiang, and Yun-Juan Li. "Resource Price Fluctuations, Resource Dependence and Sustainable Growth." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (2019): 6371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226371.

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The previous literature on the resource curse has not taken resource price fluctuations into account. Using panel data covering the period from 1993 to 2017 from 28 provinces in China and dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM), this article takes a fresh look at the relationship between resource dependence and sustainable economic growth and the potential transmission mechanisms taking resource price fluctuations into consideration. We find that resource price fluctuations represent an important factor when researching the resource curse, and there is a U-shaped relationship between resou

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Rivas, Xavier. "Nonautonomous k-contact field theories." Journal of Mathematical Physics 64, no. 3 (2023): 033507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131110.

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This paper provides a new geometric framework to describe non-conservative field theories with explicit dependence on the space–time coordinates by combining the k-cosymplectic and k-contact formulations. This geometric framework, the k-cocontact geometry, permits the development of Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalisms for these field theories. We also compare this new formulation in the autonomous case with the previous k-contact formalism. To illustrate the theory, we study the nonlinear damped wave equation with external time-dependent forcing.

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Jamalul Kiram, Johannah, Rossita Mohamad Yunus, Yani Japarudin, and Mahadir Lapammu. "Specifying Spatial Dependence for Teak Stands Specific to Solomon Island-Derived Clones in Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia: A Preliminary Study." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (2022): 6005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106005.

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The magnitude of spatial dependence on teak tree growth was examined based on a teak plantation managed by the research and development team at Sabah Softwood Berhad, Brumas camp, Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia. A sample of 432 and 445 georeferenced individual tree points specific to Solomon Island-derived clones that were 6 and 7 years old, respectively, were analyzed, as previous findings showed that this was the genotype that thrived the most. This study aims to show that spatial dependence exists in the 6- and 7-year-old teak tree blocks of the plantation and that there are changes in the magnitud

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Iao, Lai-Sang, Lai Yan Ng, Anita Mei Yin Wong, and Oi Ting Lee. "Nonadjacent Dependency Learning in Cantonese-Speaking Children With and Without a History of Specific Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 3 (2017): 694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-l-15-0232.

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Purpose This study investigated nonadjacent dependency learning in Cantonese-speaking children with and without a history of specific language impairment (SLI) in an artificial linguistic context. Method Sixteen Cantonese-speaking children with a history of SLI and 16 Cantonese-speaking children with typical language development (TLD) were tested with a nonadjacent dependency learning task using artificial languages that mimic Cantonese. Results Children with TLD performed above chance and were able to discriminate between trained and untrained nonadjacent dependencies. However, children with

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Danilova, Irina, and Natalya Pravdina. "MARKERS FOR UNBLOCKING THE DEVELOPMENT TRAJECTORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'S MONO-PROFILE REGIONS." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Economics and Management" 17, no. 1 (2023): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/em230102.

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The article is devoted to the identification of markers of changes in the sectoral structure of the economy as a result of the action of evolutionary endogenous and “shock” exogenous factors as deter-mining the trajectory of the development of the region. The methodology of the study is based on the princi-ples of dependence on previous development («path dependence»), regional branching of specializations, different translation of shocks to changes in the territorial economy. In the course of the study, a dynamic, coefficient, comparison, analysis and synthesis methods were used. In addition

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Belanova, Katarína. "The impact of the innovative performance of the country on its economic development." Mednarodno inovativno poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management 15, no. 2 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32015/jibm.2023.15.2.8.

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Innovations are a way how to improve the quality of life, support sustainable solutions, attract talent, increase competitiveness, or increase GDP. The aim of the article is to verify the dependence of GDP per capita on the innovation performance of the country by the regression and correlation analysis. The secondary data contained in the European Innovation Scoreboard 2023 (for the innovation performance) and the related EUROSTAT datasets within the EU countries (for the level of countries‵ wealth) were used. According to the results, there is a significant interdependence between innovation

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Kalenskii, A. V., А. А. Zvekov, A. P. Borovikova, E. V. Galkina, and P. O. Vinodiktov. "The laser initiation of energetic materials doped with metal nanoparticles having oxide shell explosive decomposition." Bulletin of the Karaganda University "Physics Series" 11629, no. 4 (2024): 46–53. https://doi.org/10.31489/2024ph4/46-53.

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The work is devoted to the development of the model describing laser initiation composite materials being an explosive matrix with metal nanoparticles covered with oxide shell. The model considers the oxide shell as a dielectric that does not absorb light. The example of aluminum nanoparticles covered with alumina is the main one in the paper. The model describes the thermal transfer in the system metal core-oxide shell- explosive material, exothermic decomposition of the explosive considered as a one-step reaction with Arrhe- nius dependence on the rate on temperature, and light absorption of

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