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Nnajekwu, Chukwubike Onyebuchi, Uchenna Chiagoziem Nnajekwu, Nnaemeka Anthony Ikefuna, and Chinyelu Ngozi Ojinnaka. "Mental Health of Adolescents With Epilepsy in Enugu, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Child Neurology 36, no. 2 (2020): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073820954060.
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Adolescence is an important period, marked by significant changes in biological and psychosocial domains. Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder associated with social stigma and prejudice. The etiology of depression in epilepsy appears to be a complex interplay between psychosocial and neurobiologic factors. This period may be too taxing for the adolescent with epilepsy to steer, as epilepsy can affect the development of independence by its social, educational, and mental health effects. The study aimed to compare the burden of depression in adolescents with epilepsy with the general population. One hundred forty-five adolescents with epilepsy and their classmates matched for age and gender were studied over a 9-month period. Zung Self-rating Depression Scale was used to determine the burden of depression in the study population. Among the subjects, 70 (48.3%) had scores in the depressive range to varying degrees compared to 38 (26.2%) controls. The difference in scores was significant (OR=2.628, P < .001). Among the population with positive scores, mild depression category was the commonest for both groups (40% and 22.8%, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between gender, seizure type, and depression, whereas there was no significant relationship between age, social class, number of antiepileptic drugs, seizure frequency in the last 12 months, and depression. Adolescents with epilepsy had higher rates of depression than the general population. Hence, there might be need for routine screening of adolescents with epilepsy for early detection and management of depression to improve their overall well-being and quality of life.
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Adimora, Dorothy Ebere, and Alexandra Okezie Onwu. "Socio-demographic factors of early sexual debut and depression among adolescents." African Health Sciences 19, no. 3 (2019): 2634–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.39.
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Background: Adolescent early sexual debut as it relates with socio-demographic factors and depression of secondary school adolescents. During the adolescent stage, attitudes, values and behaviours that shape a young person's behavior in the future develop. Age of sexual debut is generally low, yet there is dearth of knowledge on sexuality in the area of this study-Nsukka Education zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic factors of early sexual debut and depression among adolescents in secondary schools in Nsukka Education zone of Enugu state, Nigeria. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional longitudinal study of 408 secondary school adolescents in Nsukka Education zone of Enugu state, Nigeria during the 2016/2017 school year. Data was collected using pre-tested, observation schedule, structured interview and well-structured questionnaire. Tests of statistical significance were carried out using chi-square and t-tests. A p value of < 0.005 was found to be significant.”Results: The age group at which respondents had their first sexual intercourse ranged between 13 to 19 years, the mean ages are 12.1±1.2 and 14.5±1.5 for males and females, while the modal and median ages at first sexual intercourse for male and female are 14 and 13 years respectively with a cumulative frequency percent of 56.5. The girls-initiated sex earlier than the boys (p= 0.001). Those brought up by one parent-initiated sex at an earlier age (p= 0.000), while age of sex initiation increased with maternal (p= 0.000) and paternal education (p= 0.001). Depressed adolescent boys and girls were more likely than their non-depressed peers to have experienced sexual intercourse. The youngest adolescents who were depressed were more likely to have experienced intercourse than the older ones who were not depressed. Respondents sharing room with parents or adult relations of opposite sex were found to have initiated sex earlier than those staying alone or sharing room with same sex peers. Conclusion: Age at sexual debut was found to be associated with younger age, gender, living with a one parent and parents’ educational status.Keywords: Adolescents, depression, family factors, sexual initiation.
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Charity, Agbo, Maria. "Social Media Use: A Risk Factor for Depression among School Adolescents in Enugu State of Nigeria." Children and Teenagers 4, no. 2 (2021): p7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ct.v4n2p7.
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Social media just like the rest of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) channels aid and promote speedy and easy access to information more especially among school adolescents. Social media use among school adolescents is a double-edged sword as they use them to connect friends and find information about many things including learning. However, they also spend too much time on them which affect their mental health and may cause them depression. This research investigated on the social media use: A risk factor for depression among school adolescents’ depression in Enugu State. Descriptive survey research was adopted for the study. The population of the study was all the school adolescents in Enugu State. Stratified random sampling was used to select 800 adolescents from 4 states. In each of the four states, 200 adolescents were selected. Self-structured questionnaire and Hamilton depression scale were used to elicit information for data collection. The results were analyzed using mean scores and standard deviations. The findings revealed that many adolescents spend up to 10 hours daily on social media, they prefers chatting on social media to talking to their parents, among other behaviours. The findings also indicated that; adolescents who spend up to 10 hours daily on social media have decreased activities and feeling of incapacity, adolescents who don’t have enough sleep in the night due their use of social media experience hallucination, low mood among other findings.
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Obi, IE, PN Aniebue, KOB Okonkwo, TA Okeke, and NCW Ugwunna. "Prevalence of depression among health workers in Enugu, South East Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 18, no. 3 (2015): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.151726.
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Onwuekwe, IO, OS Ekenze, Bzeala-Adikaibe, and JU Ejekwu. "Depression in patients with epilepsy: A study from Enugu, South East Nigeria." Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research 2, no. 1 (2012): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2141-9248.96929.
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Odinka, Paul, Jaclyn Odinka, Mark Ezeme, et al. "Socio-demographic correlates of postpartum psychological distress among apparently healthy mothers in two tertiary hospitals in Enugu, South-East Nigeria." African Health Sciences 19, no. 3 (2019): 2515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.27.
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Background: Postpartum depression and anxiety could cause poor mother-infant relationship that could impair infant growth and cognitive development. Psychiatric assessment has not been part of periodic evaluations in postnatal clinics. Some apparently well, but high-risk mothers continue to live with psychological distress, without treatment to relieve their burden.Objectives: The study assessed the prevalence of postpartum anxiety and depression, their co-morbidity, and socio-demographic predictors, within 6 - 14 weeks postpartum among nursing mothers in two tertiary hospitals in Enugu, South-East Nigeria.Methods: A cross-sectional study that was carried out at the postnatal and children’s welfare clinics of two tertiary hospitals in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Support Scale and Socio-demographic Questionnaire were used for the study. Correlations and multiple regressions were used to test for associations and risk factors. Results: Occurrence rate for anxiety and depression were 30.1% and 33.3% respectively with a co-morbidity rate of 22%. Low social support and multigravida predicted risk factors for postpartum psychological distress, while a higher number of children alive predicted a decrease in the risk for postpartum psychological distress.Conclusion: The study supports service planning and the development of strategies to reliably identify women at high-risk, for effective treatment.Keywords: Postpartum Psychological Distress, Socio-demographic, Correlates, Apparently Healthy, Mothers, South-East Nigeria.
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Dibua, Emmanuel C., Ellis I. Idemobi, and Ikechukwu M. Okoli. "Effect of Retrenchment on Employees’ Service Delivery: A Study of Ten Districts of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) in Southeast Nigeria." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 13 (2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n13p121.
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This study examines the effect of retrenchment on employees’ service delivery: a study of ten districts of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) in Southeast Nigeria. The study was necessitated by the alarming rate of retrenchment across various industries in Nigeria particularly the energy sector that is a major driver of economic growth and development in the country. The poor service delivery of the sector has been a teething problem to both the citizens and organizations that need their services. With the recent restructuring of the sector and emergence of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) with its attendant retrenchment, it becomes more constricting what the service delivery of the retrenchment survivors will be. This study therefore, modelled variables like employee work load, longer working hours, pay cut, depression and anxiety and restructuring of work to ascertain how they have influenced on employees’ service delivery in Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) using an econometric regression model of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Findings revealed that with the exception of longer working hours that were not significant, all other variables (employee work load, pay cut, depression and anxiety; and restructuring of work) had significant effect on employees’ service delivery. Based on the findings, the study recommends that electricity distribution companies should adequately adjust employees work load, increase survivors pay, restore confidence on the survivors and ensure work place harmony during restructuring of work to enable them improve their service delivery.
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Eseadi, Chiedu, Mabel A. Obidoa, Shulamite E. Ogbuabor, and Amaka B. Ikechukwu-Ilomuanya. "Effects of Group-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Coaching Program on Depressive Symptoms in a Sample of Inmates in a Nigerian Prison." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 6 (2017): 1589–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16687046.
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This study investigated the effects that a group-focused cognitive-behavioral coaching program had on depressive symptoms of a sample of inmates from Nsukka Prisons, Enugu State, Nigeria. The design of the study was pretest–posttest control group . The participants were 30 male inmates, experiencing high levels of depressive symptoms, and randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The primary outcome measure was depression symptoms as measured using Beck’s Depression Inventory. Repeated-measures ANOVA and the Mann–Whitney U Test were used for data analysis. Results show that exposing inmates to the group-focused cognitive-behavioral coaching program significantly reduced the depressive symptoms of inmates in the treatment group compared with those in the control group. Our results support the use of cognitive-behavioral coaching interventions designed to assist the severely depressed inmates in Nigeria. Further studies should be conducted both in other states of Nigeria and in other countries.
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Ogbonna, IkechukwuFrank, AnthonyNnaemeka Ikefuna, Marcellinus Nkpozi, NnekaChioma Okoronkwo, Adaobi Bisi-Onyemaechi, and Ugo Chikani. "Prevalence and severity of depression among caregivers of HIV-infected children in Enugu, South-East Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Medicine 29, no. 4 (2020): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_145_20.
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Amadi, Kennedy U., Richard Uwakwe, Chinyere M. Aguocha, et al. "Illness coping behaviour of outpatients with depression or diabetes mellitus in two tertiary hospitals in Enugu state, southeast Nigeria." Mental Health, Religion & Culture 19, no. 4 (2016): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2016.1201055.
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Amadi, Kennedy U., Richard Uwakwe, Appolos C. Ndukuba, et al. "Relationship between religiosity, religious coping and socio-demographic variables among out-patients with depression or diabetes mellitus in Enugu, Nigeria." African Health Sciences 16, no. 2 (2016): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v16i2.18.
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Ibeneme, Sam Chidi, Canice Chukwudi Anyachukwu, Akachukwu Nwosu, Georgian Chiaka Ibeneme, Muideen Bakare, and Gerhard Fortwengel. "Symptoms of Poststroke Depression among Stroke Survivors: An Appraisal of Psychiatry Needs and Care during Physiotherapy Rehabilitation." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5646052.
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Purpose. To identify stroke survivors with symptoms of poststroke depression and the extent of psychiatry needs and care they have received while on physiotherapy rehabilitation.Participants. Fifty stroke survivors (22 females and 28 males) at the outpatient unit of Physiotherapy Department, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, who gave their informed consent, were randomly selected. Their age range and mean age were 26–66 years and54.76±8.79years, respectively.Method. A multiple case study of 50 stroke survivors for symptoms of poststroke depression was done with Beck’s Depression Inventory, mini mental status examination tool, and Modified Motor Assessment Scale. The tests were performed independently by the participants except otherwise stated and scored on a scale of 0–6. Data were analyzed usingZ-test for proportional significance and chi-square test for determining relationship between variables, atp<0.05.Results. Twenty-one (42.0%) stroke survivors had symptoms of PSD, which was significantly dependent on duration of stroke (χ2= 21.680, df = 6, andp=0.001), yet none of the participants had a psychiatry review.Conclusions. Symptoms of PSD may be common in cold compared to new cases of stroke and may need psychiatry care while on physiotherapy rehabilitation.
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Onyebueke, Godwin C., Friday E. Okwaraji, and Augustine O. Obumneme. "Assessment of Quality of life and Depression among PLWHA receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy at two tertiary heath institutions in Enugu, South East Nigeria." Journal of Medical Research 6, no. 1 (2020): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2020.6107.
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Brown, Carolyn. "Race and the Construction of Working-Class Masculinity in the Nigerian Coal Industry: The Initial Phase, 1914–1930." International Labor and Working-Class History 69, no. 1 (2006): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547906000032.
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This article examines the impact of the capitalist economy, colonial rule, and wage labor on African masculinity and how African ideas about manhood impacted behavior and expectations of work in the coal mines of the Enugu Government Colliery in southeastern Nigeria from 1914 until the great depression. These mines were a “site” where racism became a crucial part of British strategies to control African labor and is one of the first places African workers experienced the “colonial masculinity” of racist white bosses. Both the workplace and the development of the city of Enugu encouraged subordinate local men (local slaves, unmarried men, poor men) to challenge the hegemony of powerful elite rural men in the form of rural revolts by men pressed into the mines and waves of industrial protest against conditions in the mines. Coalminers' presence in and political ties to rural villages led them to push for increased wages used to enhance their standing as men in their communities. Also, both the material and ritual requirements of rural male status and the masculine ethos of coalmining figured critically in workers' assessments of a “just” wage and respectful working conditions. Finally, miners drew strength from their position as “modern,” self-improving rural men to challenge racist (the African “boy”) and emasculating treatment in the mines. At the same time working men drew strength from their jobs in a “modern” industry (and the income they generated) to challenge the power of authoritarian colonial chiefs and elite men in the rural village. The article suggests that by factoring race and masculinity into the analysis of African laboring men scholars can gain new insights into the consciousness of workers.
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Wahid, Syed Shabab, Gloria A. Pedersen, Katherine Ottman, et al. "Detection of risk for depression among adolescents in diverse global settings: protocol for the IDEA qualitative study in Brazil, Nepal, Nigeria and the UK." BMJ Open 10, no. 7 (2020): e034335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034335.
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IntroductionGlobally, depression is a leading cause of disability among adolescents, and suicide rates are increasing among youth. Treatment alone is insufficient to address the issue. Early identification and prevention efforts are necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence (IDEA) consortium is developing risk detection strategies that incorporate biological, psychological and social factors that can be evaluated in diverse global populations. In addition to epidemiological and neuroscience research, the IDEA consortium is conducting a qualitative study to explore three domains of inquiry: (1) cultural heterogeneity of biopsychosocial risk factors and lived experience of adolescent depression in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC); (2) the feasibility, acceptability and ethics of a risk calculator tool for adolescent depression that can be used in LMIC and high-income countries and (3) capacity for biological research into biomarkers for depression risk among adolescents in LMIC. This is a multisite qualitative study being conducted in Brazil, Nepal, Nigeria and the UK.Methods and analysisA systematic set of qualitative methods will be used in this study. The Delphi method, Theory of Change (ToC) workshops, key-informant interviews and focus group discussions will be used to elicit perspectives on the study topics from a broad range of stakeholders (adolescents, parents, policy-makers, teachers, health service providers, social workers and experts). Delphi panellists will participate in three survey rounds to generate consensus through facilitated feedback. Stakeholders will create ToC models via facilitated workshops in the LMIC sites. The framework approach will be used to analyse data from the study.Ethics and disseminationEthical approvals were received from the Ethics Review Board of George Washington University and from site-specific institutions in Brazil, Nepal, Nigeria and the UK. The findings generated from this study will be reported in highly accessed, peer-reviewed, scientific and health policy journals.
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Adimora, Dorothy Ebere, Dominic Ugwoke Ngwoke, Eke Kalu Oyeoku, and Gloria Tobechukwu Onwuka. "Academic engagement and achievement orientation as correlates of reading culture of in-school adolescents." Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues 6, no. 4 (2017): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v6i4.2414.
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AbstractThe study investigated the academic engagement and achievement orientation as correlates of reading culture of in-school adolescents in Enugu State, Nigeria. Using correlational survey research design, the study made use of a population of 3469 senior secondary 11 (SS11) in-school adolescents. A purposive sampling and stratified random sampling techniques were used to draw a sample of 340 in-school adolescents. Four research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The three instruments used for data collection were in-school adolescents’ academic engagement scale (IAES), in-school adolescents’ achievement orientation scale (IAAOS) and in-school adolescents’ reading culture scale (IARCS). Research questions 1-3 were answered using means and standard deviation whereas research questions 4 and 5 were answered using Pearson r and R-square. The hypotheses were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. It was found that in-school adolescents’ academic engagement and achievement orientation significantly related with their reading culture. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that, the government, school administrators and educators put concerted effort to encourage students to be mastery oriented and academically engaged in order to prevent deleterious outcomes associated with poor reading culture since high academic engagement and high achievement orientation relates with positive academic outcomes.
 Keywords: adolescence, academic engagement, cognitive engagement, achievement orientation, reading culture.
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Okoro, Johnson Nwabueze, Chinenye Nnenna Ezeonwuka, and Justus Uchenna Onu. "Socio-demographic characteristics as correlates of psychological distress." International Journal of Prisoner Health 14, no. 3 (2018): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-10-2017-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the level of psychological distress of offenders newly brought into prison custody in a Nigerian prison and investigate the relationship with socio-demographic and penal characteristics. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study involving 236 new prison entrants who were assessed for psychological distress using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Findings A total of 267 prison inmates were newly brought to prison custody over a three-month period. Out of this, 236 (88.4 per cent) of them participated in the study. Majority of the inmates were males 225 (95.3 per cent), awaiting-trial inmates 208 (88.1 per cent), single 144 (61 per cent), Christian 224 (94.9 per cent), first time offenders 218 (92.4 per cent) and charged with violent offences 136 (57.6 per cent). Majority of the inmates scored above cut-off points on the GHQ-12 and the HADS. In total, 157 (66.5 per cent) on HADS anxiety subscale, 201 (85.2 per cent) on HADS depression subscale and 199 (84.3 per cent) on GHQ-12. Significant relationship was observed between GHQ-12 “caseness”, prison category and type of offence. Prison situation and type of offence were significantly associated with HADS depression subscale, whereas age was associated with HADS anxiety subscale. Research limitations/implications Some limitations were encountered in the course of the study. First, the study relied on self-report questionnaires for collection of data. Second, information given by the respondents could neither be corroborated by family members, who were not present during the interview, nor by the officers and men of the Nigeria Prisons Service, who knew little or nothing about the respondents. Participants in this study had spent maximum of three days in prison during the interview, thus certain levels of distress within three days after incarceration may not entail “caseness” in the sense of the presence of a psychiatric disorder. Therefore assessment over a longer period is needed. Practical implications Screening prison inmates on reception into prison custody provides a vista of opportunity to identify mental health problems and socio-demographic and forensic correlates of psychological distress among new entrants into prison custody. This will facilitate early identification and management of prison inmates with health needs. Health screening on reception will also help in identifying the various penal or forensic characteristics of prison inmates, which will be put into consideration during selection of appropriate rehabilitation and reformation activities that best fit a particular prison inmate. Early screening of prison inmates upon reception in the prison will also help in identifying prison inmates who have high risk of suicide and self-harm, thus preventing cases of death that may arise as a result of these mental health problems. Findings from this study will also enrich the body of knowledge on mental health problems of prison inmates entering the prison; this will also help the criminal justice system in decision making, especially with emphasis on psychological evaluation of prison inmates before dispensing judgment. On the part of the prison authority, the prison inmates identified to have psychological distress and some forensic characteristics can be properly classified, and kept in cells that will not aggravate their distress. Finally, this is the first study of prison inmates on reception into Enugu Maximum Security Prison, Enugu State Nigeria. The implication of this is that findings from this research will form a baseline on which further research on prison inmates upon reception in the prison can be conducted. Originality/value This study demonstrated that prison inmates are faced with high level of psychological distress during their early days in prison, and that some socio-demographic and forensic variables had significant association with psychological distress as itemised in Tables III and IV. Therefore, screening new inmates on prison reception will help in early identification and treatment of vulnerable groups. This will also help in proper classification and allocation into appropriate cells of prison inmates by the prison authority.
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Okwor, V., K. Nwankwo, P. Obidiebube, et al. "Impact of Support Group Intervention on Quality of Life of Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 109s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.70500.
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Background: Health-related quality of life is an important end point in breast cancer care. Assessing quality of life in breast cancer patients could contribute to improved treatment outcome and could even serve as monitor along with medical parameters. The need for psychosocial support is well established among breast cancer patients with levels of psychological distress and depression, particularly after diagnosis and treatment. Cancer support helps patients to cope with cancer by adjusting their attitudes, knowledge, and expectation about the disease. Aim: To determine the impact of support group intervention on quality of life of patients with advanced breast cancer To create awareness, educate, counsel and support as well as to mediate in the weaknesses of the medical care system in dealing with breast cancer patients. Methods: A prospective cohort study involving breast cancer patients using a system of breast cancer support group that organizes a two month period meeting for all breast patients in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu. Educational information on breast cancer, nutritional needs, exercise and the need for regular follow-up in breast cancer care were given to them as well as the means of overcoming the psychosocial burden in cancer. QOL assessment evaluating the four domains (physical, social, psychological and environmental) on selected patients with advanced breast cancer using WHO BREF was administered. Results: A total of 113 breast cancer patients were involved in this study. At the end of the intervention, 14 women (12.4%) were censored due to death, while postassessment was carried out for only 99 women. Postintervention analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between availability of social support to respondents (FS score) and the four quality of life domains ( P < 0.05). Further analysis also showed that respondents' quality of life significantly increased across all domains at postintervention ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients receiving support group intervention all had improved quality of life.
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Sunday, Ezeme M., Paul C. Okoli, and Vincent O. Dinwoke. "Level of awareness and treatment of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in southeast Nigeria." South African Journal of Psychiatry 24 (November 8, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v24i0.1192.
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Background: Anxiety and depressive disorders are somewhat masked by features of pregnancy; hence many women are ignorant of them and are untreated.Aim: To determine the level of awareness and treatment of anxiety and depression in pregnancy.Setting: The study was carried out at the antenatal clinic of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.Method: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study of 200 pregnant women in consecutive attendance of the antenatal clinic using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a sociodemographic questionnaire.Results: Of the participants, 23.5% had anxiety and/or depression, 7.5% of them were aware of their condition and only 0.5% of all the participants or 6.7% of those who were aware of their problem received treatment.Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among pregnant women. Because of overlap of symptoms of anxiety and depression with those of pregnancy, the awareness is very low; hence many of them suffer immensely without treatment.
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"Erratum: Prevalence of depression among health workers in Enugu, South East Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 20, no. 6 (2017): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.208961.
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Odinka, Jaclyn I., Marybasil Nwoke, JohnBosco C. Chukwuorji, et al. "Post-partum depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction: A perspective from Southeastern Nigeria." South African Journal of Psychiatry 24 (March 22, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v24i0.1109.
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Background: Many studies have noted the high prevalence of post-partum depression (PPD) and anxiety associated with poor marital satisfaction, albeit amidst a dearth of literature on comorbid PPD and anxiety among women in Nigeria.Objective: The study was aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD and anxiety, and to investigate their relationship with marital satisfaction in low-risk women in Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria.Method: A cross-sectional study of 309 randomly selected nursing mothers at two tertiary health institutions. Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Index of Marital Satisfaction (IMS) were used to collect data on demography, anxiety and depression and marital relationship respectively. All statistical tests were performed at a significant level of 0.05.Results: The age range of the respondents was 20–46 years; mean and s.d. was 29.65 and ± 4.87, respectively, and most of them were graduates of tertiary educational institutions (74.1%). The prevalence of post-partum anxiety was 31.1% and of PPD was 33.3%. Marital dissatisfaction was observed in 39.5% (122) of the respondents who were mothers. Those with co-morbid depression and anxiety (22.0%) had worse marital dissatisfaction. The strongest correlation with depression and anxiety was item 12 of IMS (‘feel that my partner doesn’t confide in me’).Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of marital dissatisfaction, PPD and anxiety among nursing mothers in Enugu, but with low detection rate. The effects of PPD and anxiety on the mother, her marital relationship and her infant make them essential conditions for early diagnosis, prevention and treatments.
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Chinawa, Josephat Maduabuchi, Odutola Isreal, Ikenna Kingsaley Ndu, et al. "Postpartum depression among mothers as seen in hospitals in Enugu, South-East Nigeria: an undocumented issue." Pan African Medical Journal 23 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.23.180.8244.
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Ogwala, Aghogho. "ANALYSES OF TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT VARIATIONS OVER NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND REVIEW IN SCIENCE 4, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/jrrslasu/7102/40(0140).
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Total electron content (TEC) is a parameter of the ionosphere that produces great effect on radio signals. We present the diurnal and seasonal variations of vertical total electron content (vTEC) during the ascending phase of solar cycle 24. A moderate solar activity year (2011) with sunspot number, Rz = 55.7 is used in this study. Total electron content (TEC) deduced from the dual frequency GPS measurements obtained at two ground stations namely: ABUZ (Zaria) with longitude 7.39oE in the north and UNEC (Enugu) with longitude 7.30oE in the south are considered. Both stations are located within the same longitude and has a latitudinal difference of 4.74o in the Nigerian equatorial ionosphere (NEI). Comparison of diurnal and seasonal variations of TEC is carried out for both stations. The diurnal variation of TEC shows a steep increase starting from sunrise, reaching daytime maximum between 13 – 15 LT at UNEC and 14 – 16 LT at ABUZ, then falls to a minimum at sunset. Dawn depression occurred at the same local time of 04 LT at both stations. On a seasonal scale, Pre- and post-midnight values were highest during the Equinoxes, followed by December solstice and least in June Solstice season at ABUZ. Pre- and post-midnight values were also higher during the Equinoxes than the Solstice season at UNEC, although they are about the same range. Also, TEC values are observed to be slightly higher for all hours and seasons at Enugu in the south than Zaria in the north except during March equinox at Zaria where TEC values were higher during the daytime. This implies that there could be little variations in TEC even within the same latitudinal zone.
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Nwosu, Arinze D. G., Edmund Ossai, Okechukwu Onwuasoigwe, Maureen Ezeigweneme, and Jude Okpamen. "Burnout and presenteeism among healthcare workers in Nigeria: Implications for patient care, occupational health and workforce productivity." Journal of Public Health Research 10, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.1900.
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Background: Burnout and presenteeism are two emerging occupational health challenges which share same locus among healthcare workers, and the trend is rising. We aim to define the magnitude of burnout and presenteeism among frontline members of the health workforce and explore any correlation between the two in order to provide empirical data from our socioeconomic and geographical background. Design and Methods: We used self-administered questionnaire to conduct a cross-sectional study among the physicians and nurses in a regional trauma centre in Enugu, Eastern Nigeria; with the respondents selected by stratified random sampling. The Oldenburg burnout inventory and Stanford presenteeism scale were used to measure burnout and presenteeism respectively, while the 2-item patient-health questionnaire (PHQ-2) was used to screen for depression. The level of statistical significance was determined by a p value of <0.05.Results: Among the healthcare workers surveyed (n=155); 34 (21.9%) were physicians, while 121 (78.1%) were nurses. Burnout prevalence was 69%. Burnout was associated with self-rated health status and length of years in professional service but not the occupation or depression screen status of the worker. Sixty-two healthcare workers (40%) screened positive for depression. A positive screen for depression was the only factor that had significant association with lower presenteeism scores (p=0.002). The mean presenteeism scores had strong negative correlation with both the exhaustion (p<0.001) and disengagement (p<0.001) domains of burnout.Conclusion: Burnout is high among the healthcare workers and correlates with presenteeism scores. The mental health of the workforce greatly impaired their productivity.
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Iheanacho, Theddeus, Ujunwa Callista Nduanya, Samantha Slinkard, et al. "Utilizing a church-based platform for mental health interventions: exploring the role of the clergy and the treatment preference of women with depression." Global Mental Health 8 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.4.
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Abstract Background Training lay people to deliver mental health interventions in the community can be an effective strategy to mitigate mental health manpower shortages in low- and middle-income countries. The healthy beginning initiative (HBI) is a congregation-based platform that uses this approach to train church-based lay health advisors to conduct mental health screening in community churches and link people to care. This paper explores the potential for a clergy-delivered therapy for mental disorders on the HBI platform and identifies the treatment preferences of women diagnosed with depression. Methods We conducted focus group discussion and free-listing exercise with 13 catholic clergy in churches that participated in HBI in Enugu, Nigeria. These exercises, guided by the positive, existential, or negative (PEN-3) cultural model, explored their role in HBI, their beliefs about mental disorders, and their willingness to be trained to deliver therapy for mental disorders. We surveyed women diagnosed with depression in the same environment to understand their health-seeking behavior and treatment preferences. The development of the survey was guided by the health belief model. Results The clergy valued their role in HBI, expressed understanding of the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model of mental disorders, and were willing to be trained to provide therapy for depression. Majority of the women surveyed preferred to receive therapy from trained clergy (92.9%), followed by a psychiatrist (89.3%), and psychologist (85.7%). Conclusion These findings support a potential clergy-focused, faith-informed adaptation of therapy for common mental disorders anchored in community churches to increase access to treatment in a resource-limited setting.
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Ngwoke, Dominic Ugwoke, Dorothy Ebere Adimora, Eke Kalu Oyeoku, and Gloria Tobechukwu Onwuka. "Academic Engagement and Achievement Orientation as Correlates of Reading Culture of In-School Adolescents." Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues 6, no. 4 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v6i4.1457.
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The study investigated the academic engagement and achievement orientation as correlates of reading culture of in-school adolescents in Enugu State, Nigeria. Using correlational survey research design, the study made use of a population of 3469 senior secondary 11 (SS11) in-school adolescents. A purposive sampling and stratified random sampling techniques were used to draw a sample of 340 in-school adolescents. Four research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The three instruments used for data collection were in-school adolescents’ academic engagement scale (IAES), in-school adolescents’ achievement orientation scale (IAAOS) and in-school adolescents’ reading culture scale (IARCS). Research questions 1-3 were answered using means and standard deviation whereas research questions 4 and 5 were answered using Pearson r and R-square. The hypotheses were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. It was found that in-school adolescents’ academic engagement and achievement orientation significantly related with their reading culture. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that, the government, school administrators and educators put concerted effort to encourage students to be mastery oriented and academically engaged in order to prevent deleterious outcomes associated with poor reading culture since high academic engagement and high achievement orientation relates with positive academic outcomes. Keywords: Adolescence, Academic Engagement, Cognitive Engagement, Achievement Orientation and Reading Culture.
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Okoro, Roland, Helen Malgwi, and Glory Okoro. "Evaluation of Factors that Increase the Severity of Dysmenorrhoea among University Female Students in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria." Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2013.1458.
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Dysmenorrhoea is defined as painful menses in women.1 Dysmenorrhoea is frequently encountered in young women around adolescence. It affects the quality of life (QOL) of women during reproductive age. The aetiology of primary dysmenorrhoea is not precisely understood, but most symptoms can be explained by the action of uterine prostaglandins, particularly PG F2α. It may be associated with other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, back pain, fatigue, headache, dizziness, and fainting. These symptoms could be very severe and social activity is very limited during menstruation, reducing quality of life in women. Severity of symptoms is usually assessed by grading of dysmenorrhoea as mild, moderate, and severe according to the degree of pain and analgesic requirement. Risk factors for dysmenorrhoea are early age at menarche (< 12 years), age < 20 years, nulliparity, heavy or prolonged menstrual flow, smoking, positive family history, obesity, attempts to lose weight, depression/anxiety, disruption of social networks among others. A study on factors influencing the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhoea in young women had been conducted in Sweden by Sundell et al. Another study was conducted by Okusanya et al on menstrual pain and associated factors amongst undergraduates of Ambrose Ali University Ekpoma, South- south, Nigeria. These studies were carried out in other areas; however, to the best of our knowledge, no study on the factors that influence severity of dysmenorrhoea has been conducted at the University of Maiduguri. Dysmenorrhoea is the leading cause of recurrent short-term school absence in adolescent girls and a common problem in women of reproductive age.7 Knowledge of the severity factors is important because of the potential for intervention. It is against this background that we undertook this study. The objectives of the study, therefore, were to evaluate the factors that increase the severity of dysmenorrhoea among university female students, and to determine if increased severity of dysmenorrhoea affects the academic performance of the participants.