Relevant bibliographies by topics / Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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Buda, Béla. "Research in Childhood Depression." Crisis 29, no. 2 (March 2008): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.29.2.107b.

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Rupprecht, R., and K. P. Lesch. "Psychoneuroendocrine research in depression." Journal of Neural Transmission 75, no. 3 (October 1989): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01258628.

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Lesch, K. P., and R. Rupprecht. "Psychoneuroendocrine research in depression." Journal of Neural Transmission 75, no. 3 (October 1989): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01258629.

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Sartorius, Norman. "Cross-Cultural Research on Depression." Psychopathology 19, no. 2 (1986): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000285124.

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Roy, David. "New Results in Depression Research." International Clinical Psychopharmacology 3, no. 2 (April 1988): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004850-198804000-00008.

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Kim, Yong-Ku. "Preface: Paradigm Shift in Depression Research." Current Psychiatry Reviews 14, no. 1 (September 5, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340051401180905153254.

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Gangdev, Prakash. "Confounders in Depression Research and Treatment." Australasian Psychiatry 15, no. 5 (October 2007): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103985620701500501.

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Bauer, M. "Factors Influencing Depression Endpoints Research (finder) - A European study in depression." European Psychiatry 22 (March 2007): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.202.

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Monroe, S. M., and K. L. Harkness. "Is depression a chronic mental illness?" Psychological Medicine 42, no. 5 (October 14, 2011): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711002066.

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Over the past few decades, theory and research on depression have increasingly focused on the recurrent and chronic nature of the disorder. These recurrent and chronic forms of depression are extremely important to study, as they may account for the bulk of the burden associated with the disorder. Paradoxically, however, research focusing on depression as a recurrent condition has generally failed to reveal any useful early indicators of risk for recurrence. We suggest that this present impasse is due to the lack of recognition that depression can also be an acute, time-limited condition. We argue that individuals with acute, single lifetime episodes of depression have been systematically eclipsed from the research agenda, thereby effectively preventing the discovery of factors that may predict who, after experiencing a first lifetime episode of depression, goes on to have a recurrent or chronic clinical course. Greater awareness of the high prevalence of people with a single lifetime episode of depression, and the development of research designs that identify these individuals and allow comparisons with those who have recurrent forms of the disorder, could yield substantial gains in understanding the lifetime pathology of this devastating mental illness.
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Schatzberg, Alan F., Jacqueline A. Samson, Anthony J. Rothschild, Monica M. Luciana, Rachel F. Bruno, and Thomas C. Bond. "Depression Secondary to Anxiety: Findings from the McLean Hospital Depression Research Facility." Psychiatric Clinics of North America 13, no. 4 (December 1990): 633–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30340-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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Yury, Craig A. "Analysis of empirical research on augmentation strategies for unipolar depression." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3316366.

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Rogers, Mark A. (Mark Andrew) 1969. "Neuropsychological studies of melancholic and non-melancholic depression." Monash University, Dept. of Psychology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9228.

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Wu, Ho Yee. "The process of reality negotiations in finding hope for people who have encountered depression: a collaborative narrative research." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/395.

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The aim of this research is to reveal the reality negotiation process for finding hope in people who have Depression. In the traditional, modern and medical models of depression, and biological, psychological, social or even contextual perspectives, it is considered that people who are affected by depression are stigmatized in a sick role with different kinds of dysfunctions or deficiencies. They are not considered to have much hope. Their reality is singular and absolute which prevent the use of personal agency to make choices, take action and narrate preferences and experiences to address their problems. In the school of positive psychology, there is a theory that focuses on pathways to hope which aim at positivity as people have the ability for reality negotiation. The postmodern and humanistic views have allowed people to start to see that even though one may be affected by mental illnesses, one will still have his/her expert knowledge, unique experiences, and strategies through narratives of hope. This research is collaborative narrative research. Twelve individuals, males and females of different ages and backgrounds, have been invited to take part in semi-structured in-depth narrative interviews. They have also been invited to provide feedback and reflections during the interview process. They are given the opportunity to comment on their own verbatim and review the script at a second interview for further storytelling and reflection. When these individuals are given the space and time to narrate their accounts of negotiating depression, the hope that is previously hidden will then emerge. Throughout the conversation, they reconstruct their preferred self by revisiting the negotiation process. They have the agency to perform their preferred life and self-strategies and over techniques to manage life problems and compete with the power of dominant discourses within the mainstream context. It is shown that they have to lead their life with hopeful stories that are applicable to their future life circumstances. A theory is consequently formulated based on the findings of the process of reality negotiation in finding hope. Recommendations are provided in light of the current situation of mental health services in the Hong Kong Chinese cultural context, which include recommendations on the allocation of resources and human resources that are oriented towards the expertise of the persons who are facing depression. It is based on their knowledge and experience found by the everyday stories of the persons through collaboration with them.
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Moss, Philip. "A portfolio of study, practice and research including 'A study of aggression experienced by mental health workers'." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323971.

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Chen, Feng 1963. "Behavioural and neurochemical characterisation of central 5-HT systems in alcohol-preferring fawn-hooded rats." Monash University, Dept. of Pharmacology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8311.

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Davis, Meg Elizabeth Doyle Eva. "A pilot study of community based participatory research methods among Brazilian church members." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5050.

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Byatt, Nancy. "Rapid Access to Perinatal Psychiatric Care in Depression (RAPPID): A Master’s Thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 2004. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/731.

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Depression is the leading cause of disability among women of reproductive age worldwide. Upwards of 1 in 5 women suffer from perinatal depression. This condition has deleterious effects on several birth outcomes, infant attachment, and children’s behavior/development. Maternal suicide causes 20% of postpartum deaths in depressed women. Although the vast majority of perinatal women are amenable to being screened for depression, screening alone does not improve treatment rates or patient outcomes. Obstetrics/Gynecology (Ob/Gyn) clinics need supports in place to adequately address depression in their patient populations. The primary goal of this thesis is to develop, refine, and pilot test a new low-cost and sustainable stepped care program for Ob/Gyn clinics that will improve perinatal women’s depression treatment rates and outcomes. We developed and beta tested the Rapid Access to Perinatal Psychiatric Care in Depression (RAPPID) Program, to create a comprehensive intervention that is proactive, multifaceted, and practical. RAPPID aims to improve perinatal depression treatment and treatment response rates through: (1) access to immediate resource provision/referrals and psychiatric telephone consultation for Ob/Gyn providers; (2) clinic-specific implementation of depression care, including training support and toolkits; and (3) proactive depression screening, assessment, and treatment in OB/Gyn clinics. RAPPID builds on a low-cost and widely disseminated population-based model for delivering psychiatric care in primary care settings. Formative data and feedback from key stakeholders also informed the development of RAPPID. Our formative and pilot work in real-world settings suggests RAPPID is feasible and has the potential to improve depression detection and treatment in Ob/Gyn settings. The next step will be to compare two active interventions, RAPPID vs. enhanced usual care (access to resource provision/referrals and psychiatric telephone consultation) in a cluster-randomized trial in which we will randomize 12 Ob/Gyn clinics to either RAPPID or enhanced usual care.
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Byatt, Nancy. "Rapid Access to Perinatal Psychiatric Care in Depression (RAPPID): A Master’s Thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/731.

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Depression is the leading cause of disability among women of reproductive age worldwide. Upwards of 1 in 5 women suffer from perinatal depression. This condition has deleterious effects on several birth outcomes, infant attachment, and children’s behavior/development. Maternal suicide causes 20% of postpartum deaths in depressed women. Although the vast majority of perinatal women are amenable to being screened for depression, screening alone does not improve treatment rates or patient outcomes. Obstetrics/Gynecology (Ob/Gyn) clinics need supports in place to adequately address depression in their patient populations. The primary goal of this thesis is to develop, refine, and pilot test a new low-cost and sustainable stepped care program for Ob/Gyn clinics that will improve perinatal women’s depression treatment rates and outcomes. We developed and beta tested the Rapid Access to Perinatal Psychiatric Care in Depression (RAPPID) Program, to create a comprehensive intervention that is proactive, multifaceted, and practical. RAPPID aims to improve perinatal depression treatment and treatment response rates through: (1) access to immediate resource provision/referrals and psychiatric telephone consultation for Ob/Gyn providers; (2) clinic-specific implementation of depression care, including training support and toolkits; and (3) proactive depression screening, assessment, and treatment in OB/Gyn clinics. RAPPID builds on a low-cost and widely disseminated population-based model for delivering psychiatric care in primary care settings. Formative data and feedback from key stakeholders also informed the development of RAPPID. Our formative and pilot work in real-world settings suggests RAPPID is feasible and has the potential to improve depression detection and treatment in Ob/Gyn settings. The next step will be to compare two active interventions, RAPPID vs. enhanced usual care (access to resource provision/referrals and psychiatric telephone consultation) in a cluster-randomized trial in which we will randomize 12 Ob/Gyn clinics to either RAPPID or enhanced usual care.
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Coleman, Max. "Anomie: Concept, Theory, Research Promise." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1402101670.

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Ulbricht, Christine M. "Latent Variable Approaches for Understanding Heterogeneity in Depression: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/774.

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Background: Major depression is one of the most prevalent, disabling, and costly illnesses worldwide. Despite a 400% increase in antidepressant medication use since 1988, fewer than half of treated depression patients experience a clinically meaningful reduction in symptoms and uncertainty exists regarding how to successfully obtain symptom remission. Identifying homogenous subgroups based on clinically observable characteristics could improve the ability to efficiently predict who will benefit from which treatments. Methods: Latent class analysis and latent transition analysis (LTA) were applied to data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study to explore how to efficiently identify subgroups comprised of the multiple dimensions of depression and examine changes in subgroup membership during treatment. The specific aims of this dissertation were to: 1) evaluate latent depression subgroups for men and women prior to antidepressant treatment; 2) examine transitions in these subgroups over 12 weeks of citalopram treatment; and 3) examine differences in functional impairment between women’s depression subgroups throughout treatment. Results: Four subgroups of depression were identified for men and women throughout this work. Men’s subgroups were distinguished by depression severity and psychomotor agitation and retardation. Severity, appetite changes, insomnia, and psychomotor disturbances characterized women’s subgroups. Psychiatric comorbidities, especially anxiety disorders, were related to increased odds of membership in baseline moderate and severe depression subgroups for men and women. After 12 weeks of citalopram treatment, depression severity and psychomotor agitation were related to men’s chances of improving. Severity and appetite changes were related to women’s likelihood of improving during treatment. When functional impairment was incorporated in LTA models for women, baseline functional impairment levels were related to both depression subgroups at baseline and chances of moving to a different depression subgroup after treatment. Conclusion: Depression severity, psychomotor disturbances, appetite changes, and insomnia distinguished depression subgroups in STAR*D. Gender, functional impairment, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and likelihood of transitioning to subgroups characterized by symptom improvement differed between these subgroups. The results of this work highlight how relying solely on summary symptom rating scale scores during treatment obscures changes in depression that might be informative for improving treatment response.
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Books on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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Fusco, James R. Encyclopedia of depression research. Hauppauge] New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2012.

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Laakmann, G. Psychopharmaco-endocrinology and depression research. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Indo-U.S. Symposium on Affective Disorders (1985 National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India). Affective disorders: Recent research and related developments. Edited by Channabasavanna S. M and Shah Saleem A. 1931-. Bangalore, India: National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, 1987.

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Community Workshop on Mental Health Research (1992 Harare, Zimbabwe). Proceedings of a Community Workshop on Mental Health Research. [Harare]: The University, 1992.

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Conference on Contemporary Psychological Approaches to Depression (1st 1988 San Diego, Calif.). Contemporary psychological approaches to depression: Theory, research, and treatment. New York: Plenum Press, 1990.

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Depression and dementia: Progress in brain research, clinical applications, and future trends. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2004.

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Yu-Wen, Ying, ed. The prevention of depression: Research and practice. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993.

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Hawthorne, Graeme. Australian validation of the quality of life in depression scale. Fairfield, Victoria: Monash University, 1996.

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Muñoz, Ricardo F. Prevention of depression: Training issues for research and practice. [S.l.]: National Institute of Mental Health, [1989?], 1989.

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Anxiety, depression, and anger in pain: Research findings and clinical options. Dallas, Tex: Advanced Psychological Resources, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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Jopling, Rebecca, Joyce P. Yang, Susan Meffert, Monika Müller, Primrose C. Nyamayaro, and Melanie Abas. "Lessons from Research Innovations in Depression and HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." In Innovations in Global Mental Health, 1–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70134-9_6-1.

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Jopling, Rebecca, Joyce P. Yang, Susan Meffert, Monika Müller, Primrose C. Nyamayaro, and Melanie Abas. "Lessons from Research Innovations in Depression and HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." In Innovations in Global Mental Health, 1–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70134-9_6-2.

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Aguilera, Adrián, Jeanne Miranda, Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola, Kurt C. Organista, Gerardo M. González, John McQuaid, Laura P. Kohn-Wood, et al. "Depression prevention and treatment interventions: Evolution of the San Francisco Latino Mental Health Research Program." In Evidence-based psychological practice with ethnic minorities: Culturally informed research and clinical strategies., 247–71. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14940-012.

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Vernon, Ann. "Depression in Children and Adolescents: RE-CBT Approaches to Assessment and Treatment." In Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches to Child and Adolescent Mental Health: Theory, Practice, Research, Applications., 201–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53901-6_10.

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Fullagar, Simone, and Iesha Small. "Writing Recovery from Depression Through a Creative Research Assemblage: Mindshackles, Digital Mental Health, and a Feminist Politics of Self-Care." In Digital Dilemmas, 121–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95300-7_6.

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Haugan, Gørill, and Jessie Dezutter. "Meaning-in-Life: A Vital Salutogenic Resource for Health." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 85–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_8.

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AbstractBased on evidence and theory, we state that facilitating and supporting people’s meaning-making processes are health promoting. Hence, meaning-in-life is a salutogenic concept.Authors from various disciplines such as nursing, medicine, psychology, philosophy, religion, and arts argue that the human search for meaning is a primary force in life and one of the most fundamental challenges an individual faces. Research demonstrates that meaning is of great importance for mental as well as physical well-being and crucial for health and quality of life. Studies have shown significant correlations between meaning-in-life and physical health measured by lower mortality for all causes of death; meaning is correlated with less cardiovascular disease, less hypertension, better immune function, less depression, and better coping and recovery from illness. Studies have shown that cancer patients who experience a high degree of meaning have a greater ability to tolerate bodily ailments than those who do not find meaning-in-life. Those who, despite pain and fatigue, experience meaning report better quality-of-life than those with low meaning. Hence, if the individual finds meaning despite illness, ailments, and imminent death, well-being, health, and quality-of-life will increase in the current situation. However, when affected by illness and reduced functionality, finding meaning-in-life might prove more difficult. A will to search for meaning is required, as well as health professionals who help patients and their families not only to cope with illness and suffering but also to find meaning amid these experiences. Accordingly, meaning-in-life is considered a vital salutogenic resource and concept.The psychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl’s theory of “Will to Meaning” forms the basis for modern health science research on meaning; Frankl’s premise was that man has enough to live by, but too little to live for. According to Frankl, logotherapy ventures into the spiritual dimension of human life. The Greek word “logos” means not only meaning but also spirit. However, Frankl highlighted that in a logotherapeutic context, spirituality is not primarily about religiosity—although religiosity can be a part of it—but refers to a specific human dimension that makes us human. Frankl based his theory on three concepts: meaning, freedom to choose and suffering, stating that the latter has no point. People should not look for an inherent meaning in the negative events happening to them, or in their suffering, because the meaning is not there. The meaning is in the attitude people choose while suffering from illness, crises, etc.
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Koltai, Júlia, Zoltán Kmetty, and Károly Bozsonyi. "From Durkheim to Machine Learning: Finding the Relevant Sociological Content in Depression and Suicide-Related Social Media Discourses." In Pathways Between Social Science and Computational Social Science, 237–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54936-7_11.

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AbstractThe phenomenon of suicide has been a focal point since Durkheim among social scientists. Internet and social media sites provide new ways for people to express their positive feelings, but they are also platforms to express suicide ideation or depressed thoughts. Most of these posts are not about real suicide, and some of them are a cry for help. Nevertheless, suicide- and depression-related content varies among platforms, and it is not evident how a researcher can find these materials in mass data of social media. Our paper uses the corpus of more than four million Instagram posts, related to mental health problems. After defining the initial corpus, we present two different strategies to find the relevant sociological content in the noisy environment of social media. The first approach starts with a topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), the output of which serves as the basis of a supervised classification method based on advanced machine-learning techniques. The other strategy is built on an artificial neural network-based word embedding language model. Based on our results, the combination of topic modeling and neural network word embedding methods seems to be a promising way to find the research related content in a large digital corpus.Our research can provide added value in the detection of possible self-harm events. With the utilization of complex techniques (such as topic modeling and word embedding methods), it is possible to identify the most problematic posts and most vulnerable users.
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"Research Agenda for Depression and Bipolar Disorder." In Treating and preventing adolescent mental health disorders, edited by Dwight L. Evans, Edna B. Foa, Raquel E. Gur, Herbert Hendin, Charles P. O'Brien, Martin E. P. Seligman, and B. Timothy Walsh, 69–74. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780195173642.003.0005.

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Evans, Dwight L., W. Edward Craighead, Charles Nemeroff, Rachel Neuhut, and Moira Rynn. "Research Agenda for Depression and Bipolar Disorder." In Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders, edited by Dwight L. Evans, 89–96. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780199928163.003.0004.

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Research on child and adolescent MDD and bipolar disorder needs to proceed on many fronts to maximize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these disorders. Identification of risk factors – psychological, sociological, familial, and biological – to include studies of biomarkers, genetics and epigenetics, and brain imagining are needed to inform the development of new treatments and prevention programs. Studies are needed in both MDD and bipolar disorder regarding the identification of predictors of clinical outcome and selection of psychosocial and/or pharmacological treatment(s) that are personalized for an individual patient. Maintenance studies are needed to guide optimal treatment duration. Studies focusing on the treatment and prevention of suicide are needed in both MDD and bipolar disorder. More prevention programs are needed in MDD with a focus on a full range of risk factors and the active ingredients and predictors of change that will ultimately guide a specific prevention program for a given patient. Prevention programs in bipolar disorder await further research advances in the identification of risk factors and in the characterization of early signs and symptoms to target those individuals who are at risk for the development of bipolar disorder in youth.
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Joseph, Jessica J., Malinda Desjarlais, and Lucijana Herceg. "Facebook Depression or Facebook Contentment." In Research Anthology on Mental Health Stigma, Education, and Treatment, 1095–116. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8544-3.ch061.

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Within the literature, Facebook has received much attention in order to understand the potential positive and negative effects associated with using the social networking site. The current chapter provides a discussion of the empirical support for the differential outcomes associated with actively posting and chatting on Facebook vs. passively browsing Facebook, as well as the underlying mechanisms for the effects. Specifically, the current chapter will discuss two perspectives related to the differential effects of active and passive Facebook use: Facebook contentment (a wellbeing enhancing effect) and Facebook depression (a wellbeing diminishing effect). The authors also discuss the extension of the results to other social media platforms and provide suggestions for future research.
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Conference papers on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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O'Hara, Lily, Hanan Abdul Rahim, and Zumin Shi. "Gender and Trust in Government Modify: The association between Mental Health and Stringency of Public Health Measures to reduce COVID-19." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0282.

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Introduction: Trust in government to take care of its citizens may affect mental health outcomes such as anxiety and depression, particularly as measures become more stringent. The study aimed to investigate the associations between stringency of COVID-19 social distancing policies and mental health outcomes, and the moderating effects of trust in government and gender. Methods: The study consisted of secondary analysis of publicly available cross sectional data from a global online survey COVID-19 survey conducted between 20 March and 7 April 2020. There were 106,497 adult participants (18 years of age and over) from 58 countries. The main outcome measures were indices for depression and worries. The exposure measure was the stringency index. The effect modifier measures were gender and trust in government. Multivariable regression was conducted to determine the three-way interaction between the exposure, modifier and outcome measures, adjusting for age, income and education. Results: The median age of participants (56.4% women) was 37 years. Women had higher worries and depression than men. The proportion of people trusting (44%) and distrusting (45%) the government was almost the same. Among those who strongly trusted the government, an increase in policy stringency was associated with an increase in worries. Among men who distrusted the government, an increase in policy stringency was associated with an increase in depression, but in distrusting women there was an inversed Ushaped association between policy stringency and both worries and depression. Once policies exceeded the 50-point mark on the stringency index, women benefited from the most stringent policies, yet men did not, particularly men who strongly trust or distrust the government. Conclusion: As the stringency of public health measures increases, so too do depression and worries. For safe and effective public health measures, governments should develop strategies to increase trust in their actions.
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Sham, Rula, Mohammed Fasihul Alam, and Maguy El Hajj. "The role of Qatar Community Pharmacists in Depression care: A Survey of Attitudes, Practices and Perceived Barriers." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0160.

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Background: Negative attitudes and stigma to mental health constitute major barriers to healthcare provision and access to treatment for patients with depression across the globe. Community pharmacists are among the most accessible healthcare providers who may play a significant role in depression care. This study aims to describe current practices, attitudes and perceived barriers of community pharmacists towards the provision of depression care, and investigates how pharmacists’ attitudes, along with several sociodemographic and professional characteristics, are associated with these practices. Methods: A crosssectional online survey targeting all practicing community pharmacists in Qatar using an adapted survey instrument. Responses were measured on a 5-point-Likert scale. Study outcomes were scores of attitudes towards depression, scores of self-reported depression care practices and perceived barriers for depression care. Descriptive univariate and bivariate analyses of study outcomes were conducted, along with a multivariate regression to investigate how pharmacists’ characteristics and attitudes affect their practice. Results: Three hundred fifty-eight pharmacists answered the survey, making a response rate of 39%. Pharmacists’ attitudes to depression were moderately positive (mean score=3.41, SD= 0.26). However, the extent of pharmacists’ involvement in depression care was very low (mean score=2.64, SD= 0.94). Three major barriers were the lack of access to patients' medical records (83.21%), lack of patients’ insight on major depression and the importance of treatment (81.85%) and the lack of needed knowledge and training on mental health (79.63%). Female pharmacists were significantly less involved in depression care compared to male pharmacists (p= 0.006). Depression practice score increased with an increasing score of attitudes (p =0.001) and decreased with the number of years since the last pharmacy degree graduation (p=0.02). The presence of a private area for counselling patients was associated with higher scores of practice (p=0.03). Conclusion: Pharmacists’ moderately positive attitudes towards depression and its care were not reflected in their current practices. Findings from the study imply the need for actions and training programs for pharmacists to improve their attitudes and practices towards depression care.
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Elgendi, Mariam, Helene Deacon, Lindsey Rodriguez, Fiona King, Simon Sherry, Allan Abbass, Sandra Meier, Raquel Nogueira-Arjona, Amanda Hagen, and Sherry Stewart. "A Perfect Storm: Unintended Effects of Homeschooling on Parents’ Mental Health and Cannabis Use Behaviors During the Pandemic." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.33.

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The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in families self-isolating under incredible stress. Viral containment strategies included school closures with parents left to homeschool their children with few supports from the educational system. Recent data show that those with children at home were more likely to drink heavily during the pandemic (Rodriguez et al., in press). Gaps remain, however, in understanding whether these effects are due to the stresses of homeschooling and whether they extend to cannabis use. Seven-hundred-and-sixty Canadian romantic couples (total N=1520 participants; mean age = 57 years; 50% women) who were self-isolating together during the month of April 2020 were recruited through Qualtrics Panel Surveys. Measures were completed retrospectively in early July 2020; participants were asked to report on their feelings and behavior in April 2020 during lockdown. They completed the GAD-7 (Spitzer et al., 2006) and the PHQ-9 (Kronke et al., 2001) to assess anxiety and depression, brief versions of four subscales of the COVID-19 Stress Scales (Taylor et al., 2020) to assess stress around the pandemic, and the Life Orientation Test – Revised (Chiesi et al., 2013) to assess optimism. They completed a measure of role strain (Statistics Canada, 2015) and a measure of conflict with their partner (Murray et al., 2003). They also completed a validated measure of cannabis use frequency and quantity (Cuttler et al., 2017), as well as two validated items from the Brief Cannabis Motives Measures (Bartel et al., 2020) to assess cannabis use to cope with depression and anxiety, respectively. All measures were completed for a 30-day timeframe during the month of April. Participants also reported on whether they were homeschooling one or more children in Grade 1-12 during the month of April. Data was analyzed with a one-way (homeschooling group) Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for group differences in age; a Bonferroni-correction was applied to account for multiple tests. Compared to those who did not homeschool (n=1116), those who did homeschool (n=404) experienced significantly more depression (p=.001), more COVID-19-related stress around socioeconomic consequences (p<.001) and traumatic stress (p<.001), and less optimism (p=.002). And those who homeschooled experienced more role strain between their home and work responsibilities (p<.001) and more conflict both toward and from their partner (p’s<.001) than those who did not homeschool. Those who homeschooled also used cannabis significantly more frequently in the month of April than those who did not homeschool (p=.003). Compared to cannabis users who did not homeschool (n=122), cannabis users who did homeschool (n=61) reported more frequent cannabis use to cope with both depression and anxiety (p’s = .003). These findings suggest that unintended consequences of our societal viral containment strategies include more depression, pessimism, role strain, inter-parental conflict, and certain COVID-related stresses, and extend to more frequent cannabis use to cope with negative affect, among parents required to homeschool during the pandemic. These unintended mental health and substance misuse consequences for parents need to be considered when planning for an educational strategy in the fall and for any future waves of the pandemic.
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Al-Ahmed, Aisha, Huda Makki, Sara Al-Rajeh, and Diana Alsayed Hassan. "The Relationship between Cyberbullying, Cyber-victimization and Depression among Qatar University Students." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0222.

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Background: Cyberbullying is a modern form of bullying that could be practiced electronically or on the internet. It is related to different mental health issues such as depression, which can affect both the cyberbully and the victim. Although a few studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimization among the younger generation in Qatar, no studies have been conducted among the young adult age group despite studies showing that they are also prone to cyberbullying. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and the relationship between cyberbullying, cyber-victimization, and depression among Qatar University students. A self-administered close-ended electronic questionnaire was used to assess student’s cyberbullying/cyber-victimization behaviors and depression symptoms. The Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and Patient Health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9) were used. A total of 836 students participated in the study. Pearson Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression were utilized to analyze the data. Results: Overall results indicated that the majority of students have been involved in at least one of the cyberbullying experiences as follows: (6.8% cyberbullies, 29.2% cyber-victims, 35.8% both cyberbullies and cyber-victims, 28.2% not involved in either). Approximately 50% of the students scored a ten or higher on the PHQ9 test indicating symptoms of depression. Moreover, significant associations were found between cyberbullying experiences and gender (p=0.03), depression and gender (p= 0.046), and between cyberbullying experiences and depression (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that among Qatar University students, cyberbullying and cyber-victimization are prevalent behaviors that could be associated with the high reported rates of depression symptoms.
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Khaled, Salma Mawfek, Catalina Gabriela Petcu, Maryam Ali Al-Thani, Aisha Mohammed Al-Hamadi, and Peter Woodruff. "The association between Insomnia Disorder and Depression in the General Population of Qatar: The Role of Inflammatory Disease." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0131.

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Background: There is emerging evidence that supports a role for inflammatory processes and insomnia in the pathophysiology of depression. However, little is known about the role of inflammation in depression and insomnia in non-clinical populations. Aims: We aimed to estimate the association between inflammatory illness, depression and insomnia in the Qatari population. We hypothesized that inflammatory illness would be associated with sub-clinical depression and insomnia in the Qatari population. Methods: We used probability-based sampling on a representative sample (N= 1,611) of Qatar’s adult household population. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using computer-assisted technology as part of the SESRI’s annual omnibus survey in 2019. We used the Espie’s (2014) Sleep Condition Indicator, to assess insomnia symptoms, and PHQ-9 and GAD-2 for subthreshold depression (SUBD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety. Health information including personal and family history of inflammatory disease were also collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were conducted. Results: Among those with no inflammatory disease, the 30-day prevalence of subthreshold and major depression in those with insomnia disorder compared to those without insomnia was (SUBD: 5.3% vs 2.9%; MDD: 7.2% vs 0.6%, P<0.001), respectively. In contrast, among respondents with inflammatory disease, the prevalence of subthreshold and major depression in those with insomnia compared to those without insomnia was (SUBD: 11.8% vs 3.6%; MDD: 17% vs 1.7%, P<0.001), respectively. In crude (adjusted for age, gender, and household type) models with depression as a dependent variable, a statistically significant association between SUBD and insomnia was found (OR=4.2, P<0.01), while much stronger association was found between major depression and insomnia (OR=20.4, P<0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the possible impact of inflammatory disease on mental health in the otherwise healthy population of Qatar.
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Khaled, Salma, Peter Haddad, Majid Al-Abdulla, Tarek Bellaj, Yousri Marzouk, Youssef Hasan, Ibrahim Al-Kaabi, et al. "Qatar - Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health in Pandemics (Q-LAMP)." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0287.

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Aims: Q-LAMP aims to identify risk factors and resilience factors for symptoms of psychiatric illness during the pandemic. Study strengths include the 1-year longitudinal design and the use of standardized instruments already available in English and Arabic. The results will increase understanding of the impact of the pandemic on mental health for better support of the population during the pandemic and in future epidemics. Until an effective vaccine is available or herd immunity is achieved, countries are likely to encounter repeated ‘waves’ of infection. The identification of at-risk groups for mental illness will inform the planning and delivery of individualized treatment including primary prevention. Methodology: Longitudinal online survey; SMS-based recruitment and social media platforms advertisements e.g. Facebook, Instagram; Online consent; Completion time for questionnaires: approx. 20 to 30 minute; Baseline questionnaire with follow up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months; Study completion date: Sept. 2021. Inclusion criteria: Currently living in Qatar; Qatari residents: citizens and expatriates; Age 18 years; read Arabic or English (questionnaire and consent form available in both languages). Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire including personal and family experience of COVID-19 infection; Standard instruments to assess psychiatric morbidity including depression, anxiety and PTSD; research team-designed instruments to assess social impact of pandemic; standard questionnaires to assess resilience, personality, loneliness, religious beliefs and social networks. Results: The analysis was based on 181 observations. Approximately, 3.5% of the sample was from the sms-recruitment method. The sample of completed surveys consisted of 65.0% females and 35.0% males. Qatari respondents comprised 27.0% of the total sample, while 52% of the sample were married, 25% had Grade 12 or lower level of educational attainment, and 46.0% were unemployed. Covid-19 appears to have affected different aspects of people’s lives from personal health to living arrangements, employment, and health of family and friends. Approximately, 41% to 55% of those who responded to the survey perceived changes in their stress levels, mental health, and loneliness to be worse than before the pandemic. Additionally, the wide availability of information about the pandemic on the internet and social media was perceived as source of pandemic-related worries among members of the public. Conclusion: The continued provision of mental health service and educational campaigns about effective stress and mental health management is warranted.
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Fitzke, Reagan, Jordan Davis, and Eric Pedersen. "Co-use of Tobacco/Nicotine and Cannabis Among Veterans: A Preliminary Investigation of Prevalence and Associations with Mental Health Outcomes." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.10.

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While tobacco and cannabis use rates remain high in the general U.S. population, veterans from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (i.e., OEF/OIF veterans) are at particularly high risk of high rates of cannabis and tobacco use. Co-use of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis (i.e., using both substances within a specified period of time or combining the drugs within the same device for use) is of growing prevalence in the United States. Tobacco/nicotine and cannabis use is often associated with poor mental health outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and depression. However, little is understood about the prevalence rates of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-use among U.S. veterans as well as associations with mental health symptomology. The current study aimed to investigate types of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-use among veterans, as well as associations between co-use and mental health outcomes of stress, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Participants (N= 1,548) were recruited through social media websites and completed an online survey as part of a larger study. The majority (80%) endorsed tobacco/nicotine and/or cannabis use in the past 30 days. Descriptive analyses were run to assess prevalence of use within the sample. Mean comparisons were conducted to assess differences in past 30-day frequency of use and for mental health outcomes between co-users and single users of either substance. Among the larger sample, 90% endorsed lifetime use of tobacco/nicotine, 23% endorsed lifetime use of cannabis, and 21% endorsed any lifetime co-use of both substances. These participants also endorsed past 30 day use of tobacco/nicotine (77%), cannabis (10%), and co-use (7%). Among the past 30-day cannabis users, 66% reported also using tobacco/nicotine, while 9% of past 30-day tobacco/nicotine users also reported cannabis use. When comparing cannabis-only users to co-users of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine, anxiety symptoms were reported as significantly higher among co-users. Tobacco/nicotine-only users endorsed higher past 30-day frequency of cigarettes and e-cigarettes compared to co-users; however, co-users endorsed significantly higher levels of stress and symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety compared to tobacco/nicotine-only users. Results suggest that the addition of cannabis use in conjunction with tobacco/nicotine use may be associated with greater mental health symptoms among veterans. Findings have implications for future veteran mental health care and substance use treatment among tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-users.
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Von Sperling, Otto, and Marcelo Ladeira. "Mining Twitter Data for Signs of Depression in Brazil." In VII Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/kdmile.2019.8785.

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The literature on computerized models that help detect, study and understand signs of mental health disor- ders from social media has been thriving since the mid-2000s for English speakers. In Brazil, this area of research shows promising results, in addition to a variety of niches that still need exploring. Thus, we construct a large corpus from 2941 users (1486 depressive, 1455 non-depressive), and induce machine learning models to identify signs of depression from our Twitter corpus. In order to achieve our goal, we extract features by measuring linguistic style, behavioral patterns, and affect from users’ public tweets and metadata. Resulting models successfully distinguish between depressive and non-depressive classes with performance scores comparable to results in the literature. We hope that our findings can become stepping stones towards more methodologies being applied at the service of mental health.
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Wallace, Elliot, Li-Hui Chu, and Jason Ramirez. "An Examination of Relationships Between Mental Health Symptoms, Marijuana Use Motives, and Marijuana Use Outcomes Among Late Adolescents in Washington State." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.13.

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Adolescence is a critical period of development which can be affected by the initiation and escalation of marijuana use. Examining risk factors of marijuana misuse among adolescents is a public health priority. Previous research examining depression and anxiety as risk factors for marijuana use among young adults is mixed. Some studies found a positive relationship between mental health symptoms and marijuana use, while other studies have found gender-specific relationships or no relationship at all. Despite this research, little is known regarding mental health symptoms and marijuana use among adolescents. The aims of current analysis were to 1) examine associations between mental health symptoms and marijuana use behavior among adolescents, and 2) examine coping motives as a moderator of the relationship between mental health symptoms and marijuana outcomes. The current study included 170 late adolescents (15-18 years old, Mage = 16.86, SDage = 0.94, 50% female) recruited from Washington State. The sample was stratified by gender and marijuana use such that participants ranged from never using marijuana to reporting heavy, regular marijuana use. Participants were asked to complete three online assessments over the course of six months. Data described here come from the first online assessment. This included a 4-item measure of mental health symptoms (depression and anxiety) in the past 2 weeks, in addition to measures of marijuana use, marijuana-related consequences, and marijuana use motives. A series of initial linear regression models that controlled for age and sex found that mental health symptoms were not significantly associated with typical marijuana use (p > .05) but were significantly positively associated with marijuana-related consequences (β = 0.33, p < .001). Additional models that also included coping motives found that stronger endorsement of using marijuana to cope with negative affect was associated with more hours high in a typical week (β = 0.25, p < .05) and more marijuana-related consequences (β = 0.24, p < .05). There were no significant interactions between coping motives and mental health symptoms in predicting either marijuana use or consequences (ps > .05). The findings suggest that adolescents who report more mental health symptoms do not necessarily use more marijuana than those who report fewer symptoms, but may be at greater risk for experiencing negative consequences as a result of their usage. Additionally, the results suggest a stronger endorsement of using marijuana to cope with negative affect is related to greater marijuana use and risk for experiencing negative consequences. No evidence of moderation was found suggesting the relationships between mental health symptoms and marijuana use outcomes do not vary as a function of coping motives. Screening during adolescence for early signs of mental health symptoms to predict risk may be beneficial towards preventing negative outcomes and providing early interventions for marijuana misuse.
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Jia, Jia. "Mental Health Computing via Harvesting Social Media Data." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/808.

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Mental health has become a general concern of people nowadays. It is of vital importance to detect and manage mental health issues before they turn into severe problems. Traditional psychological interventions are reliable, but expensive and hysteretic. With the rapid development of social media, people are increasingly sharing their daily lives and interacting with friends online. Via harvesting social media data, we comprehensively study the detection of mental wellness, with two typical mental problems, stress and depression, as specific examples. Initializing with binary user-level detection, we expand our research towards multiple contexts, by considering the trigger and level of mental health problems, and involving different social media platforms of different cultures. We construct several benchmark real-world datasets for analysis and propose a series of multi-modal detection models, whose effectiveness are verified by extensive experiments. We also make in-depth analysis to reveal the underlying online behaviors regarding these mental health issues.
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Reports on the topic "Depression, Mental - Research - Namibia"

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Leavy, Michelle B., Danielle Cooke, Sarah Hajjar, Erik Bikelman, Bailey Egan, Diana Clarke, Debbie Gibson, Barbara Casanova, and Richard Gliklich. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Report on Registry Configuration. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcregistryoutcome.

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Background: Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder. Many pressing questions regarding depression treatment and outcomes exist, and new, efficient research approaches are necessary to address them. The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and value of capturing the harmonized depression outcome measures in the clinical workflow and submitting these data to different registries. Secondary objectives include demonstrating the feasibility of using these data for patient-centered outcomes research and developing a toolkit to support registries interested in sharing data with external researchers. Methods: The harmonized outcome measures for depression were developed through a multi-stakeholder, consensus-based process supported by AHRQ. For this implementation effort, the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, each recruited 10 pilot sites from existing registry sites, added the harmonized measures to the registry platform, and submitted the project for institutional review board review Results: The process of preparing each registry to calculate the harmonized measures produced three major findings. First, some clarifications were necessary to make the harmonized definitions operational. Second, some data necessary for the measures are not routinely captured in structured form (e.g., PHQ-9 item 9, adverse events, suicide ideation and behavior, and mortality data). Finally, capture of the PHQ-9 requires operational and technical modifications. The next phase of this project will focus collection of the baseline and follow-up PHQ-9s, as well as other supporting clinical documentation. In parallel to the data collection process, the project team will examine the feasibility of using natural language processing to extract information on PHQ-9 scores, adverse events, and suicidal behaviors from unstructured data. Conclusion: This pilot project represents the first practical implementation of the harmonized outcome measures for depression. Initial results indicate that it is feasible to calculate the measures within the two patient registries, although some challenges were encountered related to the harmonized definition specifications, the availability of the necessary data, and the clinical workflow for collecting the PHQ-9. The ongoing data collection period, combined with an evaluation of the utility of natural language processing for these measures, will produce more information about the practical challenges, value, and burden of using the harmonized measures in the primary care and mental health setting. These findings will be useful to inform future implementations of the harmonized depression outcome measures.
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Basu, Sayani. The Science of the Psychedelic Renaissance. Science Repository OÜ, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/sr.blog.33.

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There is growing research suggesting psychedelics hold incredible promise for treating mental disorders ranging from depression, anxiety to PTSD and the positive therapeutic effects of psychedelics open up a whole new dimension of medical research.
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