Academic literature on the topic 'Depression Refugees Refugees'
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Journal articles on the topic "Depression Refugees Refugees"
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Kurniawan, Yudi, and Anna Dian Savitri. "Group Therapy to Reduce Depression Symptoms in Refugee Immigrants Terapi Kelompok untuk Menurunkan Gejala Depresi pada Imigran Pengungsi." Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Budaya 19, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/jdsb.v19i2.995.
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This study aims to measure the decline in depressive symptoms experienced by refugee immigrants through group therapy. Group therapy is used as an intervention to reduce symptoms of depression. The hypothesis was that there was a difference in depressive symptoms score between the experimental and the control group of the immigrant refugee after being given group therapy. This research uses non randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of the study were 10 immigrants of 30-40-year-old female refugees, divided into experimental and control groups. Non-parametric statistical analysis Mann-Whitney U showed no difference in depressive symptoms score between refugee immigrants experimental group and control group, p = 0,009 (p <0,05). Qualitative analysis shows there is a change of emotional expression on immigrant refugees in the experimental group. The results of this study are important as a study to understand the dynamics of urban clinical psychological problems, particularly those associated with refugee immigrants
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Beiser, Morton, Phyllis J. Johnson, and R. Jay Turner. "Unemployment, underemployment and depressive affect among Southeast Asian refugees." Psychological Medicine 23, no. 3 (August 1993): 731–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700025502.
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SynopsisThis study of 1348 adult Southeast Asian refugees resettling in Vancouver, British Columbia and a comparison sample of 319 permanent residents of the city demonstrates a reciprocal relationship between unemployment and depressive affect. Increased risk of depression accompanied job loss and depression made it more difficult to stay employed. Although the association between unemployment and depression was common to both refugee and host society samples, links between these phenomena proved different in the two groups. In contrast to the refugees for whom income loss was the over-riding stress resulting from job loss, loss of esteem and loss of social contact also proved to be salient stressors for resident Canadians. Although a threat to the mental health of resident Canadians, underemployment – working at a level which considering one's education and previous occupation, is lower than might be expected – did not jeopardize the mental health of refugees.
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McKelvey, Robert S., and John A. Webb. "A Prospective Study of Psychological Distress Related to Refugee Camp Experience." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4 (August 1997): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709065077.
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Objective: Previous reports have suggested a direct relationship between refugee camp experience and levels of psychological distress among refugees. Specifically, it has been postulated that refugee camps with harsh conditions and low levels of social support foster high levels of psychological distress. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between camp conditions and social support within a refugee camp and refugees' levels of psychological distress. Unlike previous reports, which were based on retrospective data, the present study evaluated psychological distress among a group of Vietnamese refugees both prior to departure from Vietnam and during their refugee camp experience. Method: A group of 101 Vietnamese Amerasians was assessed at a transit centre in Vietnam and subsequently at a refugee camp in the Philippines. Assessment instruments were the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 and a Camp Comparison Questionnaire. Results: There were significant decreases in symptom levels of anxiety and depression between the transit centre in Vietnam and the refugee camp in the Philippines. However, these changes were not related to changes in refugee camp conditions or social support within the camp. Conclusions: Contrary to previous reports, levels of psychological distress among this group of Vietnamese refugees were not related to either refugee camp conditions or levels of social support within the camp.
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Kulvmann, Jesper. "The The absence of legal recognition and its impact on the living conditions of urban Pakistani refugees in Bangkok." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 1, no. 1 (October 13, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5309.
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Recently, an increasing number of refugees originating from non-neighbouring countries have arrived in Bangkok seeking asylum at UNHCR. As Thailand does not recognize their refugee status and by so their human rights guaranteed in the Declarations of Human Rights, this group of people, referred to as urban refugees, remain in Bangkok illegally during the application process and until possible resettlement. This study examines how restrictions of their human rights, such as absent of fear of arrest, right to work, access to proper housing, education and health provisions, and a prolonged application process affect the physical and mental health of urban refugees. Data are gathered from semi-structured interviews of 53 Pakistani refugees and officers at organisations working with refugees. Depression and declining physical health are common complains while refugee children fail to enrol in formal education. Considering the lack of support for a human rights dialogue in the Thai society it is recommended that a more pragmatic approach, not employing a human rights narrative, is applied to promote the living conditions for urban refugees living in Bangkok.
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Doumit, Rita, Chant Kazandjian, and Lisa K. Militello. "COPE for Adolescent Syrian Refugees in Lebanon: A Brief Cognitive–Behavioral Skill-Building Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Promote Positive Mental Health." Clinical Nursing Research 29, no. 4 (November 26, 2018): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773818808114.
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Lebanon has the highest per-capita concentration of refugees worldwide. There is an urgent need to offer psychosocial interventions to vulnerable groups such as Syrian refugee adolescents. To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a cognitive–behavioral intervention (Creating Opportunities for Patient Empowerment [COPE]) on depression, anxiety, and quality of life (QOL) in a sample of adolescent refugees (13-17 years) living in Lebanon. A preexperimental study design was used. COPE 7-Session was delivered to 31 adolescent Syrian refugees. Participants were assessed for depression (Personal Health Questionnaire–9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorders Scale), and QOL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory). Feasibility and acceptability findings indicated that the COPE program was a positive experience for teens. Significant decreases in depression and anxiety, and increases in QOL were also reported. COPE is an effective cognitive–behavioral intervention that can be delivered in an Arabic/Middle-Eastern setting for teen refugees to improve mental health and QOL.
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Slodnjak, Vera, Anica Kos, and William Yule. "Depression and Parasuicide in Refugee and Slovenian Adolescents." Crisis 23, no. 3 (May 2002): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.23.3.127.
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Summary: The association between depression and traumatic experiences, stress, loss, and bereavement is well known. It was expected that Bosnian refugee adolescents who had fled from war zones to Slovenia would develop higher levels of depression than their Slovenian peers without war traumatic experiences. Two years after the beginning of the war in Bosnia, 265 8th-grade refugee students aged 14 to 15 years were assessed with the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and compared with a sample of 195 Slovenian students of the same age. The Bosnian refugees showed significantly lower rates of depressive symptomatology despite very high rates of posttraumatic stress symptoms. Slovenian adolescents showed significantly lower self-esteem and greater feelings of inadequacy in the academic field; they were more likely to have feelings of not being loved and more often expressed the wish to kill themselves. Refugees described more sadness, worried about the future and about physical pains, but they do not show lower school achievement or more behavioral problems. The results indicate that the association between traumatic experiences and depressive symptoms is not inevitable, and that other factors including culture and context influences must be taken into account.
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Morrow, Christopher B., and Nithin Krishna. "Depression and suicidality in an Afghan refugee: A case report." Transcultural Psychiatry 56, no. 5 (May 14, 2019): 845–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519847314.
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We report the case of a young male refugee from Afghanistan who presented after a violent suicide attempt, likely precipitated in part by discrimination and social isolation experienced after immigrating to the United States. Common psychiatric comorbidities associated with immigration from war-torn nations are reviewed with a particular emphasis on how adequate screening and additional resources for vulnerable refugees during and after immigration continues to be an unmet need. Our findings suggest that there is a critical need and additional studies should be conducted, not only to identify at risk refugee populations but also to prevent potentially violent behavior. Our findings also suggest a lack of an optimal screening tool and shed light on the struggles of refugees, particularly those from Afghanistan.
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Knappe, Florian, Flora Colledge, and Markus Gerber. "Impact of an 8-Week Exercise and Sport Intervention on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Mental Health, and Physical Fitness among Male Refugees Living in a Greek Refugee Camp." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20 (October 15, 2019): 3904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203904.
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Objective: To explore the potential impact of exercise and sport training on symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, quality of life, pain, and fitness in male refugees living in a Greek refugee camp. Methods: This investigation was designed as a one group pre-test/post-test study. A total of 45 refugees (Mage = 25.6) participated in the data assessment. All participants were invited to engage in an 8-week exercise and sport intervention. Data were analysed with hierarchical regression analyses. Results: Baseline scores significantly predicted post-intervention scores across all study variables. Regression analyses showed that a higher participation rate predicted fewer anxiety symptoms, better health-related quality of life, higher self-perceived fitness, higher handgrip strength, and better cardiovascular fitness at post-intervention. A non-significant trend was also found for PTSD and depressive symptoms, showing that a higher participation rate was associated with fewer complaints at post-intervention. Conclusions: Among male refugees living in precarious conditions in a Greek refugee camp, frequency of participation in an 8-week exercise and sport training program seemed to have the potential to positively impact refugees’ health. Due to the pre-experimental study design, our results must be interpreted with caution.
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Peconga, Emma k., and Marie Høgh Thøgersen. "Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in adult Syrian refugees: What do we know?" Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 48, no. 7 (December 8, 2019): 677–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494819882137.
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Background: The crisis in Syria has resulted in vast numbers of refugees seeking asylum in Syria’s neighboring countries and Europe. Refugees are at considerable risk of developing common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Since the war, no systematic review has been conducted regarding the prevalence of these in the Syrian refugee group. Research is needed to develop strategies to improve the integration of Syrian refugees. Objective: This study provides a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles that feature originally collected data regarding the prevalence of post-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety in adult Syrian refugees. Methods: The authors searched online databases (PsychInfo, PubMed, PILOTS) for peer-reviewed articles that used validated screening tools to provide mental health prevalence rate estimates in adult Syrian refugees. This article explores potential sources of heterogeneity, including individual risk factors such as demographic and environmental variables. Results: In total, 15 eligible studies provided cross-sectional data for 8176 adult Syrian refugees resettled in 10 countries, with significant variation in assessment and sampling methods. Combined, these studies indicate prevalence rates of 43.0% (range: 23.4–83.4%) for post-traumatic stress, 40.9% (range: 20–44.1%) for depression, and 26.6% (range: 19.30–31.8%) for anxiety morbidity in adult Syrian refugees. Larger and more rigorous surveys reported similar prevalence rates to studies with less rigorous designs, but vast heterogeneity in prevalence of morbidity persisted among all. Conclusions: Syrian refugees could be over 10 times more likely to develop post-traumatic stress and other disorders than the general population. Although there are limitations when comparing studies with different research methodologies, the results of this study suggest increased focus on adequate mental health support is necessary.
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Knipscheer, Jeroen W., Marieke Sleijpen, Trudy Mooren, F. Jackie June ter Heide, and Niels van der Aa. "Trauma exposure and refugee status as predictors of mental health outcomes in treatment-seeking refugees." BJPsych Bulletin 39, no. 4 (August 2015): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.114.047951.
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Aims and methodThis study aimed to identify predictors of symptom severity for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in asylum seekers and refugees referred to a specialised mental health centre. Trauma exposure (number and domain of event), refugee status and severity of PTSD and depression were assessed in 688 refugees.ResultsSymptom severity of PTSD and depression was significantly associated with lack of refugee status and accumulation of traumatic events. Four domains of traumatic events (human rights abuse, lack of necessities, traumatic loss, and separation from others) were not uniquely associated with symptom severity. All factors taken together explained 11% of variance in PTSD and depression.Clinical implicationsTo account for multiple predictors of symptom severity including multiple traumatic events, treatment for traumatised refugees may need to be multimodal and enable the processing of multiple traumatic memories within a reasonable time-frame.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Depression Refugees Refugees"
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Vang, May. "Depression and coping among Hmong refugees." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3300.
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Rungruangkonkit, Sangjan. "Understanding the lived experiences of depressed Mien refugees who have resided in the United States for ten or more years /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7237.
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Rae, Sophie. "Somali male refugees : perceptions of depression and help-seeking." Thesis, University of East London, 2014. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/4181/.
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Background: In recent years, research has started to draw attention to the notion that Western biomedical concepts of mental illness such as depression may not be recognised, understood or treated in the same way across non-Western cultures. Research has begun to reveal the differences in how mental illness is conceptualised across non-Western cultures, highlighting the prominence of social and contextual factors in contrast to the Western biomedical view. This has implications not only on a global scale, but also for diverse populations living under the Western mental health system. The UK Somali community has been identified as a cultural group who rarely access psychological services, despite high rates of mental health diagnoses such as depression. In particular, Somali men are said to be at increased risk of suicide and frequently present in tertiary care, yet there is little research to explore how they understand concepts such as depression. Aims: The purpose of the current study was to explore how Somali male refugees in the UK understand and perceive the Western concept of depression, alongside their views on coping and professional help in the UK. Method: A constructivist grounded theory approach involved the use of twelve Somali male refugees in the community. They were interviewed with the aid of a vignette across three focus groups, with eight who participated in subsequent semi-structured interviews. Results: Findings suggest that 'depression' appeared to be a result of the difficulties associated with migration, portrayed as an overall 'sense of disconnection'. The ‘health’ of the community appeared to link to the 'health' of the individual; highlighting the collectivist appraisals of self-worth. Help-seeking from Western professionals was portrayed as rare, and were conceptualised as lacking awareness of the needs of the Somali community in relation to their difficulties. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of taking into account social and contextual factors, supporting the argument for a bio-psychosocial approach when making decisions about depression as a diagnosis. These differences in the way depression is conceptualised has implications for Western models of therapy, while indicating a need for counselling psychology to consider a move towards community-based work when working with these populations.
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Workneh, Aklile Fikre. "The State of Knowledge on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety Among Refugee Women in Africa: A Scoping Review." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35801.
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With over 65.3 million people of concern under the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees mandate, the world is facing its biggest humanitarian crisis since the Second World War. The World Health Organization states that war and disasters have a large impact on a person’s mental health and psychosocial wellbeing, estimating that 5-10% of people who have experienced emergency situations suffer from mental health related problems. For refugee women in particular, research suggests that they have higher instances of mental health problems than other refugees which include depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. Using a scoping review methodology, this thesis examines the prevalence of refugee women’s mental health problems in the African context. It examines the experiences of these women living in African camps and the availability and accessibility of mental health services during their residency. Upon completion of the scoping review, the literature reveals that there is a high occurrence of mental health problems among refugee women residing in African camps. Furthermore, with relation to services it was found that varied mental health services are present but lack qualified personnel. Lastly, four themes emerged regarding refugee women’s experiences: violence, family life and losses, poor quality of life, and coping mechanisms.
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Comartin, Justin. "Humanitarian Ambitions - International Barriers: Canadian Governmental Response to the Plight of the Jewish Refugees (1933-1945)." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23992.
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From 1933 to 1945, thousands of European Jews attempted to gain access to Canada in order to escape Nazi oppression. This thesis examines Canada’s immigration records and policies during this period. In addition to bringing light to key issues concerning popular Canadian perceptions of Jewish immigrants and refugees in the thirties and forties, this history raises important questions about the Canadian government and ethical responsibility in a time of war; about the relationship between government policy and provincial politics; and about the position taken by Canada’s longest serving Prime Minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King, and his Cabinet.
The author’s research brings attention to Irving Abella and Harold Troper’s work, None is too Many, which, since its publication in 1982, has stood as the authoritative work on the subject. A variety of important issues which are not treated in detail in this earlier monograph are examined in depth in this analysis: The prevalence of anti-Semitism in French and English Canada, and the Canadian immigration record are treated in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 and 4 investigate accusations that William Lyon Mackenzie King, Ernest Lapointe, Frederick Charles Blair, and Vincent Massey harboured anti-Semitic views. It is found that such charges suffer from a serious lack of evidence. Although sometimes the language used by these men in their correspondence and letters can be shocking to the modern reader, it was the colloquial language during their lives. Furthermore, their personal documents often exhibit evidence of sincere sympathy for the Jews of Europe, and frustration with Canadian popular opinion.
The author concludes that collective memory of the Holocaust has affected perceptions concerning the Canadian immigration record during the period in question. Anti-immigration sentiment was strong in Canada during the Depression. Nevertheless, as the Canadian Government became increasingly aware of the persecution of Jews within the Reich, particularly following the events of Kristallnacht in November of 1938, measures were put into place to ease Jewish immigration to Canada, such as including refugees among the admissible classes of immigrants.
The Canadian Government did not begin to receive information concerning the extermination of European Jewry until 1942. By this time, there was hardly anything Canada could do. Heinrich Himmler had forbidden Jewish emigration from the Reich in October of 1941, the war was in full swing by 1942, and ships carrying refugees and PoWs were not safe from U-boat attacks. From 1933 to 1945 Canada allowed 8,787 Jews into the country. However, all immigration to Canada was slowed during this time. Consequently, Jews, in actuality, represented a higher percentage of immigrants arriving in Canada, at this time, than they had from 1923 to 1932. This illustrates Canada’s doors we not closed specifically to Jewish refugees during the Depression and Second World War.
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Kamara, Aminata Sankoh. "Assessing Postpartum Depression in the Refugee Population in a Primary Care Setting." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29400.
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Mental health is an area lacking emphasis in the United States healthcare systems. Many patients have suffered due to the decrease in focus and resources required to help individuals struggling with mental disorders (Lieberman, Goldman, Olfson, Pincus, & Sederer, 2017). While the struggle for adequate screening for mental illness continues, minority populations, such as refugee women, are affected more due to multifactorial risk factors and lack of treatment emphasis (Ganann, Sword, Thabane, Newbold & Black, 2016; Lieberman et al., 2017). Due to the increase in the number of refugees that migrate to the United States, particularly in the Midwest, healthcare providers must continue to enhance their knowledge on risk factors of mental illness in vulnerable populations, such as refugee women, and implement evidence-based practices that will promote the best possible patient outcomes. The practice improvement project aimed to increase healthcare provider awareness of the increased risk of postpartum depression (PPD) in refugee women compared to other patient populations and improve incidence rates of PPD during the first year of the postpartum period in refugee women. The project took place at a primary care clinic where the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), an evidence-based screening tool for identifying risk for PPD, was implemented over a two-month period assessing for PPD. The results of EPDS were compared to the standard previously used Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) results over two months. A 30-minute educational session was given to the providers regarding how to assess for PPD, risk factors, providing culturally sensitive care, utilizing appropriate evidence-based screening tools for PPD, treatment options, and the results comparing the EPDS to the PHQ-2 implementation. Pre and post-survey evaluations were completed by the providers to evaluate the educational session and provider knowledge. Results indicated an increase in provider confidence and knowledge in assessing for PPD and caring for refugee women during the first year postpartum. The EPDS screening tool indicated PPD in more refugee women, suggesting the EPDS to be a more sensitive screening tool for PPD in refugee women when compared to the PHQ-2. The providers preferred to continue using the EPDS instead of the PHQ-2.
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Fellmeth, Gracia. "Perinatal depression in refugee and labour migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border : prevalence, risk factors and experiences." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d57fc610-dd6a-4ccd-a1c5-6d5a3a773f5d.
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Background: Perinatal depression is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Left untreated, perinatal depression has severe and far-reaching consequences for women, their families and wider society. Migrant women, including labour migrants and refugees, may be particularly prone to developing perinatal depression as a result of multiple stressors associated with displacement. Despite the vast majority of global migration flows occurring within low- and middle-income countries, evidence from these regions is severely lacking. This research addresses this imbalance by examining perinatal depression in migrant women living on the Thai-Myanmar border: a resource-poor setting of political tension and socio-economic disadvantage. Aims: This research aims to review the existing evidence around perinatal depression among migrant women from low- and middle-income settings; identify an appropriate tool to detect perinatal depression in migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border; determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, perinatal depression in this setting; explore women's experiences of perinatal depression; and develop recommendations for policy and practice. Methods: A sequential-exploratory mixed-methods design was used. The research included the following five study components: a systematic literature review; a validation study to identify a culturally-acceptable and appropriate assessment tool; a prospective cohort study of migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border followed-up from the first trimester of pregnancy to one month post-partum; in-depth interviews with a subgroup of women with severe perinatal depression; and an informal exploration of stakeholder views. Findings: The systematic review found a wide range in prevalence of perinatal depression among migrant women and confirmed the absence of studies conducted in low-and middle-income destination countries. A total of 568 migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border participated in the prospective cohort study, of whom 18.5% experienced moderate-severe depression and 39.8% experienced depression of any severity during the perinatal period. Almost a third (29%) of women reported suicidal ideation. Interpersonal violence (OR 4.5), experience of trauma (OR 2.4), a self-reported history of depression (OR 2.3) and perceived insufficiency of social support (OR 2.1) were significantly associated with perinatal depression. Lives of women with severe perinatal depression were characterised by difficult partner relationships, alcohol use among partners and interpersonal violence. A lack of mental health services currently limits the effective management of perinatal depression in this setting. Alongside training of health staff, primary, secondary and tertiary prevention efforts are required to effectively address perinatal depression on the Thai-Myanmar border.
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Park, Jinme [Verfasser]. "Stress, mental disorders, and its treatment approach for North Korean refugee youth : A special focus on treatment of PTSD, depression, and insomnia / Jinme Park." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215032781/34.
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Worley, Natalie Kay. "Depressive Symptoms in an Urban Kurdish Refugee and Immigrant Population: An Exploratory Study." 2007. http://etd.utk.edu/2007/WorleyNatalie.pdf.
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Firth, Amanda, and Melanie Haith-Cooper. "Vulnerable migrant women and postnatal depression: A case of invisibility in maternity services?" 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14735.
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YesVulnerable migrant women are at an increased risk of developing postnatal depression, compared with the general population. Although some symptoms are the same as in other pregnant women, there are specific reasons why vulnerable migrant women may present differently, or may not recognise symptoms themselves. Factors associated with migration may affect a woman’s mental health, particularly considering forced migration, where a woman may have faced violence or trauma, both in her home country and on the journey to the UK. Vulnerable migrant women engage less with maternity care than the average woman for reasons including a lack of knowledge of the UK healthcare system, fear of being charged for care, or fear that contact with clinicians will negatively affect their immigration status. This article explores the issues surrounding vulnerable migrant women that increase their risk of developing postnatal depression and presents reasons why this may go unrecognised by health professionals such as midwives.
Books on the topic "Depression Refugees Refugees"
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Stuewer, Roger H. Nuclear Physicists at the Crossroads. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827870.003.0009.
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The Nazi Civil Service Law of April 7, 1933, prompted the establishment of refugee organizations to cope with the greatest intellectual migration in history, a difficult task in the Great Depression. It was in full swing in October when the seventh Solvay Conference was convened to address fundamental questions in nuclear physics. Foremost was the exact value of the mass of the neutron. Chadwick, Curie and Joliot, and Lawrence advanced very different values, and Lawrence soon had to admit that his very low value was mistaken. In January 1934, Fermi published his far-reaching theory of beta decay, which assumed that an electron and a neutrino are created when a neutron in the nucleus is transformed into a proton, which obviated the need to assume that electrons are present in nuclei. In August 1934, Chadwick and Goldhaber proved experimentally that the neutron is an unstable elementary particle.
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Stoddard, Frederick J., David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano, eds. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457136.001.0001.
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The Primer on Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders provides new practitioners and trainees, as well as experienced clinicians and researchers, with the needed translational and evidence-based information for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PTSD and closely related disorders. The translational and evidence-based approach presented in the Primer is the state-of-the-art for clinicians and basic scientists, linking empirically supported practices with their theoretical, neurobiological, and epidemiological bases. The international experts in the field bring outstanding depth and breadth to the topic.Trauma affects millions of children, adolescents and adults, with manifestations including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, traumatic grief or persistent complex bereavement disorder, adjustment disorder, and reactive attachment and disinhibited social engagement disorders. Trauma- and stressor-related disorders are the only diagnoses requiring a traumatic or stressful event. They affect millions of people worldwide due to abuse, accidents, disasters, refugee status, genocide, and war. Genetic, neurobiological, diagnostic, and treatment research explores the causative linkages to developmental trauma, and other mental and physical conditions. These disabling disorders predict high risk of depression, medical-surgical problems, substance abuse, suicidal behavior, anxiety and dissociative disorders.To address these common and often comorbid conditions, Drs. Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano present an up-to-date expertly edited volume to provide mental health students, trainees, and professionals with critical information, plus updates on the new advances in the field and illustrative cases.
Book chapters on the topic "Depression Refugees Refugees"
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Ventevogel, Peter, and Joop T. V. M. de Jong. "Depression and Anxiety in Refugee Children." In Child, Adolescent and Family Refugee Mental Health, 165–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45278-0_10.
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Ventevogel, Peter, Xavier Pereira, Sharuna Verghis, and Derrick Silove. "Mental health of refugees." In The Health of Refugees, 106–28. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814733.003.0006.
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Mental health and psychosocial problems among refugees are increasingly being recognized as a priority issue. This chapter will critically examine and synthesize what is known about mental health problems among refugees. The scope will be broad, extending beyond post-traumatic stress disorder, and include brief information on other common mental disorders in refugees (such as prolonged grief, depression as well as severe mental disorders such as psychosis and bipolar disorder). The chapter briefly introduces social-ecological frameworks that assist in conceptualizing the psychosocial problems facing refugees. Emphasis is given to the need for multi-sectoral, multi-level interventions that are sensitive to culture and context, and that are evidence-informed and scalable. Key issues are: the integration of mental health into general health using brief psychological interventions; use of task shifting approaches; and interventions to strengthen self-help and family and community support in refugee settings.
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Henderson, David C. "Psychopharmacology and refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants." In Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Oyedeji Ayonrinde, Edgardo Juan Tolentino, Koravangattu Valsraj, and Antonio Ventriglio, 483–92. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198833741.003.0057.
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Refugee, asylum seeker, and migrant populations may have experienced many adverse life events during time in their country and during the time of migration. As a result, many will experience common mental health problems, including anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. This chapter reviews the genetic and environmental factors that impact pharmacological interventions for the common mental health problems of these groups. Cultural and explanatory models may play a role in help-seeking, as well as therapeutic alliances and adherence. Cultures may carry different explanations for the use of medication. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties will vary across cultures. These will be affected by dietary factors, as well as genetic and biological factors. Recommendations are also included regarding the safe and effective approaches for treating these groups of patients with psychotropic medications.
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"9. A Study of Depression among Traditional Africans, Urban North Americans, and Southeast Asian Refugees." In Culture and Depression, 272–98. University of California Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520340923-014.
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Fazel, Mina, Susan Rees, and Derrick Silove. "Refugees and populations exposed to mass conflict." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, edited by John R. Geddes, Nancy C. Andreasen, and Guy M. Goodwin, 1401–12. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713005.003.0138.
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The mental health implications of forced migration because of conflict, leading to large populations of displaced and refugee adults and children, are the focus of this chapter. The factors leading to forced migration are discussed in light of their impacts on mental illness, both in the short and long term. Rates of mental illness, especially depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder, are raised in these populations, with exposure to torture and other forms of violence the strongest predictors for subsequent disorders. A framework for assessment is proposed, and a discussion of the cycles of violence that can impact on children and women raised. Specific populations of note are considered, including those in immigration detention, unaccompanied minors, and trafficked populations. The range of interventions that have been trialled to treat mental illness in refugee populations are presented.
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Ventriglio, Antonio, and Dinesh Bhugra. "Internal migration and internal boundaries." In Urban Mental Health (Oxford Cultural Psychiatry series), edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Antonio Ventriglio, João Castaldelli-Maia, and Layla McCay, 59–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198804949.003.0005.
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The recent spate of global migration for geo-political reasons hides the fact that human migration has occurred over several millennia. Perhaps social media has led to acute awareness of the impact of immigration on social, political, and economic aspects of the new country. Urban areas and conurbations tend to attract refugees and asylum seekers. The contributions that migrants make are often ignored or forgotten. Migrants are mostly psychologically and physically resilient, but acculturation processes may not always go smoothly, creating discrimination by the larger community. Some migrant groups show higher rates of psychiatric disorders, but these have to be seen in the context of discrimination in policies of employment, housing, etc., and physical and psychological acculturation. Political, social, and economic factors are likely to play a role in the genesis of depression in urban migrants. Specific social factors may influence the individual’s functioning soon after arrival, but other factors may emerge after moving into the city.
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Thara, Rangaswamy, and Aarthi Raman. "Gender perspectives in migration." In Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Oyedeji Ayonrinde, Edgardo Juan Tolentino, Koravangattu Valsraj, and Antonio Ventriglio, 55–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198833741.003.0006.
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There is critical and compelling evidence to suggest that whatever form migration takes place, it is accompanied by differing levels of stress, which may fall disproportionately on women. This considerable stress may well lead to mental health problems, even though migrants may be more resilient. This chapter reviews work on gender perspectives in mental health aspects of migration. Although of great clinical and social significance, this aspect has not been well researched, especially in low- and middle-income countries. While both genders are susceptible to psychological problems, women seem to have higher rates of depression and anxiety. Young women refugees are often sexually exploited and abused. This is particularly marked in the antenatal and postnatal periods, more so if access to health care is problematic. The country of origin of the migrants, their literacy and socio-economic levels, family cohesiveness, and quality of social support need to be considered when planning interventions for this group.
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Hariman, Keith, Antonio Ventriglio, and Dinesh Bhugra. "Use of telepsychiatry for the management of mental health problems in migrants." In Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Oyedeji Ayonrinde, Edgardo Juan Tolentino, Koravangattu Valsraj, and Antonio Ventriglio, 633–42. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198833741.003.0073.
Full textAbstract:
An estimated 3.3% of the global population lives outside their place of birth. This heterogenous group includes not only high-skilled labour and expats, but also refugees and asylum seekers. Research has shown that the prevalence of certain mental illnesses, such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, may be higher in migrants than in the general population. However, some migrants might not be able to receive the relevant mental health treatment owing to various social, cultural, and physical barriers. One possible solution is the use of telepsychiatry, defined as the delivery of psychiatric intervention from a distance. This includes real-time videoconferencing, pre-recorded videos, or even decision support systems. This technology has the ability to connect migrants with a clinician who understands their language and culture, thereby improving the patient satisfaction and outcome. The benefits of telepsychiatry, along with the challenges in its implementation, will be discussed in this chapter, as will potential problems related to ethics, regulation, and confidentiality.
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Shorter, Edward. "The Return of the Two Depressions (and an Anxious Postscript)." In How Everyone Became Depressed. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199948086.003.0014.
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Before 1980 there had been two depressions, melancholia—also called endogenous depression—and nonmelancholia, called a number of terms such as reactive depression and neurotic depression. DSM-III flattened this distinction, abolishing the clinical distinction between the two with the homogenizing term major depression. To be sure, DSM-III reinserted the term melancholia in the discussion as a subtype of major depression, but only in letter, not in spirit. In the decades after 1980 melancholia returned, but to a landscape of mood disorder that had been leveled and laid waste by the concept of “depression.” In a world where everybody is depressed, nobody is melancholic. Emil Kraepelin had sent the diagnosis of melancholia into a death spiral. The psychoanalysts had little interest in the concept, aside from venerating a single essay of Freud, and the only people interested in keeping melancholia alive as a notion after the 1930s were the British who, with their admixture of Heidelberg science and homegrown common sense, had turned into shrewd psychopathologists. The textbook that Willi Mayer-Gross, a Heidelberg refugee, published in 1954 together with Eliot Slater and Martin Roth gave pride of place to involutional melancholia as the serious melancholic illness that oft en affected people at midlife and afterward. But world psychiatry after World War II marched to an increasingly American beat, and the Americans had little use for the antique term melancholia. The glossary of Alfred Freedman’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, the world’s leading textbook first published in 1967, had scads of psychoanalytic terms but claimed of melancholia: “Old term for depression that is rarely used at the present time.” In Europe after World War II, endogenous depression was the serious variety and melancholia was deemed as “contaminated by Freud and the 19th century novels that degraded it to grief,” as Tom Ban, who trained in Budapest in the early 1950s, put it. “For Kraepelinians, grief and depression were not the same, and they excluded each other. Anyone who had an identifiable precipitating factor could not be labeled as having a depressive state.”
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Becerra, David, Gladys Hernandez, Francisca Porchas, Jason Castillo, Van Nguyen, and Raquel Perez González. "Immigration policies and mental health: examining the relationship between immigration enforcement and depression, anxiety, and stress among Latino immigrants." In Immigrant and Refugee Youth and Families, 45–61. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003106111-4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Depression Refugees Refugees"
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Fellmeth, Gracia, Emma Plugge, Mina Fazel, Suphak Nosten, May May Oo, Mupawjay Pimanpanarak, Yuwapha Phichitpadungtham, Ray Fitzpatrick, and Rose McGready. "OP56 Perinatal depression in migrant and refugee women on the thai-myanmar border: does social support matter?" In Society for Social Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2021-ssmabstracts.56.
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