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1
Etemadi-Nejad, Alamdari F. "Airline deregulation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237723.
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Black, Alexander Joseph. "Canadian natural gas deregulation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27762.
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Canadian natural gas deregulation has terminated government price setting in favour of prices determined by market forces. However, the transportation of the commodity remains regulated due to the monopolistic nature of the distribution system and the Canadian economies of scale which preclude business rivalry. This paper attempts to discern whether the transition to a new regime is following the legal principles underlying public utility regulation.
Promotion of the public interest is therefore a pervasive theme of this paper. While regulatory law allows certain forms of discrimination in the setting of rates and the provision of services, it prohibits undue or unjust
discrimination. The thesis proposed herein focuses on regulatory theory and the possibility that incidents of undue discrimination may have been exacerbated by the deregulation process.
The examination begins with a review of the discrimination provisions of section 92A of the Constitution Act 1867, the so-called "Resource Amendment". More attention is directed to public utilities theory given its compelling application to the natural gas industry. Deregulation is then discussed including an analysis of "direct sale" contracts involving the commodity as well as the "bypass" of the local pipeline distribution systems. Some conclusions are then made concerning competition and changing commercial conditions. Grave doubts are voiced as to whether the National Energy Board is properly applying the principles of public utility regulation during the transition to a more market oriented natural gas environment. One important conclusion is that direct sale contracts should be encouraged in the core market as well as in the industrial market by the National Energy Board in order to promote upstream competition among gas producers in the public interest. Finally, it is hoped that these doubts will be resolved by the Board in its new (RH-1-88) public hearing which will address issues related to deregulation, including direct sales and the ancillary self-displacement and operating demand volume (ODV) methodology.<br>Law, Peter A. Allard School of<br>Graduate
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SCALISE, DIEGO. "Essays on Product Market Deregulation." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/109.
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La tesi si compone di tre saggi. nel primo saggio si sviluppa un modello teorico che analizza i possibili effetti macroeconomici, controintuitivi e redistributivi, di politiche di deregolamentazione nel mercato dei prodotti in un contesto di eterogeneità tra le imprese produttrici, nel breve e nel lungo periodo. Il secondo saggio presenta la struttura, la metodologia, e alcuni fatti stilizzati relativi al nuovo indice di regulation nei mercati dei prodotti; nel terzo saggio si usa l'indice di regulation nei mercati agricoli, per esplorare econometricamente le cause sottostanti al processo di riforma in tali mercati, in un'ottica di political economy.<br>The dissertation includes three papers. The first paper develops a theoretical model of deregulation in product market with heterogeneous firms. The second paper presents the methodology and the construction of the new index of regulation in product market; also, some stylized facts are presented. The third paper uses the new index to econometrically explore drivers and phases of market reforms in the agricultural sector.
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SCALISE, DIEGO. "Essays on Product Market Deregulation." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/109.
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La tesi si compone di tre saggi. nel primo saggio si sviluppa un modello teorico che analizza i possibili effetti macroeconomici, controintuitivi e redistributivi, di politiche di deregolamentazione nel mercato dei prodotti in un contesto di eterogeneità tra le imprese produttrici, nel breve e nel lungo periodo. Il secondo saggio presenta la struttura, la metodologia, e alcuni fatti stilizzati relativi al nuovo indice di regulation nei mercati dei prodotti; nel terzo saggio si usa l'indice di regulation nei mercati agricoli, per esplorare econometricamente le cause sottostanti al processo di riforma in tali mercati, in un'ottica di political economy.<br>The dissertation includes three papers. The first paper develops a theoretical model of deregulation in product market with heterogeneous firms. The second paper presents the methodology and the construction of the new index of regulation in product market; also, some stylized facts are presented. The third paper uses the new index to econometrically explore drivers and phases of market reforms in the agricultural sector.
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Risman, Sveta, and not supplied. "Measuring the Impact of Financial Deregulation." RMIT University. Economics, Finance and Marketing, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080206.100855.
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Extensive deregulation of the Australian financial system officially began in the early 1980s. Since 1979 there have been three inquiries into the Australian financial system. The Campbell, Martin and Wallis Inquiries all supported the notion of deregulation of the Australian financial system. Many of their recommendations focused on allowing the market to determine market outcomes without jeopardising stability. Reform to the system was expected to provide a number of benefits, including increased competition and efficiency. Due to the limited quantity of quality data, research in this area has been limited. This thesis attempts to address issues that have not been adequately dealt with in the current literature by creating a database of financial bank data and using that data to analyse the effects that deregulation has had on the banking industry with respect to competition, efficiency and overall industry profitability.
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Damsgaard, Niclas. "Deregulation and regulation of electricity markets." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2003. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/630.htm.
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Hulse, Colin D. "Effects of Deregulation on Retirement Savings." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/536.
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The implementation of deregulation in the financial industry has shown both positive and negative effects on the average investor’s ability to save for retirement. The increase in financial investment products and supplements to saving has provided the average investor with many more opportunities to manage his/her wealth in order to save for retirement. This paper will examine the evolution of basic savings accounts offered by commercial banks in the early 1900s to the broadening of investment opportunities in the 1990s. The paper discusses the effects of three deregulatory acts on the average investor’s ability to accumulate wealth for retirement. These acts include: The Depository Institutions Deregulatory Monetary Control Act of 1980, Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982, and the repeal of Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 through the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. Each of these deregulatory measures played a significant role in the changing of investment and savings behavior of the average investor and the definition of retirement in general.
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Hampel, Constanze. "Deregulation of E2f-1 and chemosensitivity." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446635/.
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The E2F transcription factors are key components of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor pathway which control the progression from G1 to S phase in the cell cycle and regulate the transcription of proteins required for S-phase entry and DNA synthesis. Deregulation of E2F-1 expression results in the loss of control of normal cell cycle progression. Aberrations of the retinoblastoma pathway have been reported in most human cancers. Alteration in cell cycle regulation may alter the activity of anti-cancer drugs. An increase in E2F-1 activity and transcription of E2F-regulated genes potentially influences the cellular sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. This study aimed to investigate the pattern, mechanism and potential inhibition of E2F-1 interactions with chemotherapeutic agents. Initial experiments performed on an HT1080 cell line stably overexpressing E2F-1 suggested a role in resistance to several DNA interactive agents, in particular the minor groove binding alkylating agent BGIII21. However, further characterisation identified the HT1080 transfectants to be CHO cell lines. Experiments using an inducible E2F-1 cell line showed increased expression of E2F-1 to have a minimal effect on chemosensitivity to BGIII21. A decrease in chemosensitivity was observed in response to BGIIII21 in CHO cells. NER, homologous recombination or mismatch repair deficiency were not found to be the underlying causes for resistance in CHO cells. Experiments using E2F-1 inhibitory peptides, despite exhibiting marked inter-experimental variations, suggested an inverse correlation between endogenous E2F-1 expression level and peptide activity. Further, cell cycle analysis showed the E2F-1 inhibitory peptides to cause G1 arrest or apoptosis in leukemic cell lines. In conclusion, inhibition of E2F-1 activity through peptides was found to be a valuable but unreliable tool to influence the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on cells expressing increased levels of E2F-1 due to persistent variations in factors affecting peptide activity.
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Mfuku, Nkosana. "Privatisation and deregulation policies in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4812_1182740724.
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<p>This research report examined the key policies of globalisation namely, privatisation and deregulation of services and also their implication on the Tri-partite alliance. Because they have impacted negatively on major economic sectors, particularly to those that help the needy. Therefore, the study explores these initiatives, which has been debatable in South Africa under the dominant understanding of &lsquo<br>progress&rsquo<br>or &lsquo<br>development&rsquo<br>.</p>
<p><br />
The Objective of the study is to lay the basis for the examination and evaluation of policy option with regard to privatisation and deregulation of services in South Africa and to engage South Africa effectively in global policy debates and adjust in global trends and negotiations within the region (SADC) and other international countries. It examines global challenges and opportunities / threats for South Africa as a developing country in the emerging global order.</p>
<p><br />
This study also attempts to provide answers to several questions concerning privatisation and deregulation of public services in South Africa. To the poor, is deregulation and privatisation of state assets threatening to become the new apartheid, which is an instrument of exclusion, not just from a better life but even from the very basic services? How are workers and including the poorest of the poor affected by the status of deregulation and privatisation? Do the timing and specifics of these processes matter? Who should attempt to regulate the auction, as some of government officials seems to be corrupt? And which prior restructuring policies are worth implementing?</p>
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Higginbottom, Karen. "Cell cycle deregulation and apoptosis in leukaemia." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407739.
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Tsan, Siu-yan, and 湛兆仁. "Deregulation of telecommunications market in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265820.
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Li, Yong 1974. "The economic effects of surface transport deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34527.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).<br>Over the past two decades, the deregulation of surface transport at both national and international levels has gathered momentum, particularly within the United States and European Union. The structural and performance changes associated with transport deregulation generated substantial redistribution of wealth among carriers, labor, . shippers, -and final customers and dramatically altered the costs and organization of transportation services. Many of these consequences were anticipated in the debate over deregulation; others have emerged during the regulatory transition. In general, economic regulation has led to net social benefits. This thesis will discuss the origin of transportation regulation and the forces for regulatory reform. The effects of the removal of economic control are assessed. It also examines the issues emerging after the deregulation and possibility for re-regulation in an effort to enhance safety and reduce the environmental impact of surface transport.<br>by Yong Li.<br>S.M.
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Sinclair, Andries Ignatius. "Deregulation in the South African citrus industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49757.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African citrus industry was deregulated in 1997. Before deregulation
only Outspan could export citrus from South Africa and no other export company
was allowed to do so. The deregulation process was not gradual, but came
suddenly and the industry changed from fully regulated to deregulated in a very
short time. This sudden deregulation created a lot of uncertainty in the industry.
More than one hundred new fruit export companies were established within a
year after deregulation. Most of these new entrants had very little experience in
exporting citrus. Many of them went bankrupt within a year or two and many
citrus producers suffered considerable financial losses as a result. Producers had
no experience in exports themselves and many were not qualified to choose
reputable export companies to export their fruit.
The face of the industry has been changed unrecognisably. In the past there was
one big company exporting all the citrus from South Africa. After deregulation a
lot of small to medium fruit export companies were established. These
companies playa very important role in the industry as it stands today.
Deregulation also opened the door for big international fruit marketing and
distribution companies to enter the South African fruit business. After some years of chaos and very little reliable information available in the
industry in terms of volumes produced and exported, the industry is stabilising. A
number of industry bodies like the Citrus Exporters Forum (CEF) and Citrus
South Africa (CSA) have been formed to represent the exporters and the
producers. These bodies have formed the Joint Marketing Forum (JMF) that
meets every month to discuss marketing and industry-related issues jointly.
The debate with regards to deregulation rages on. Most industry role players are
supportive of less regulation and free market principles. However, deregulation
could have been more gradually phased in. This would have given more people,
especially producers, the chance to adapt to the new environment. Most role
players are of the opinion that the citrus industry is more market driven and more
competitive after deregulation than before. Taking a look at the South African
citrus industry in the future, there will be increased competition due to increased
volume of citrus produced world wide. Producers can therefore no longer
produce unwanted varieties or produce in marginal areas where the yields are
low. Producers must take their destiny in their own hands and must educate
themselves in the export process so that they can make the right decisions about
production and exports. As a result of increased competition and lower margins
the distribution chain must be as short as possible with as few middle men as
possible. As a result of this producer exporters are on the increase.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid Afrikaanse sitrusbedryf is in 1997 gedereguleer. Voor deregulering kon
slegs Outspan sitrus uit Suid Afrika uitvoer en geen ander maatskappy is
toegelaat om dit te doen nie. Die dereguleringsprosess was nie geleidelik nie,
maar die industrie het van ten volle gereguleerd tot gedureguleer verander in 'n
baie kort tyd. Die skielike deregulering het gelei tot groot onsekerheid in die
industrie. Meer as eenhonderd nuwe vrugte uitvoermaatskappy is binne 'n jaar
na deregulering gevorm. Meeste van die nuwe rolspelers het baie min
ondervinding in die uitvoer van sitrus gehad. Baie het dan ook bankrot gespeel
binne 'n jaar of twee en baie sitrusprodusente het groot finansiële verliese gelei
as gevolg daarvan. Meeste produsente het ook geen ondervinding in uitvoere
gehad nie 'en was dus nie gekwalifiseerd om betroubare uitvoermaatskappye te
kies om hulle sitrus uit te voer nie.
Die gesig van die industry is onherkenbaar verander. Tydens regularing was
daar slegs een groot maatskappy wat alle sitrus van Suid Afrika af uitgevoer het.
Na deregulering is 'n groot aantal klein tot medium vrugte uitvoermaatskappye
gevorm. Hierdie maatskappye speel 'n baie belangrike rol in die industrie soos dit
tans lyk. Deregulering het ook die deur vir groot internasionale vrugtebemarkings
en distribusiemaatskappye oopgemaak om die Suid Afrikaanse
industrie te betree. Na 'n aantal jare van chaos en baie min betroubare informasie wat beskikbaar
was in terme van volume geproduseer en uitgevoer, is die industrie besig om te
stabiliseer. Daar is ook 'n aantal industrieliggame soos die Sitrus Uitvoerders
Forum en Sitrus Suid Afrika gevorm om die belange van uitvoerders en
produsente te verteenwoordig. Hierdie liggame het die Gesamentlike Bemarkings
Forum gevorm wat elke maand vergader om bemarking en ander industrie
aangeleenthede gesaamentlik te bespreek.
Die debad met betrekking tot deregularing is steeds aan die gang. Meeste
industrierolspelers ondersteun minder regulering en vryemark beginsels. Hulle
stem egter saam dat die dereguleringsproses meer geleidelik ingefaseer moes
word. Dit sou produsente meer tyd gegee het om aan te pas by die nuwe
omgewing. Meeste rolspelers is van die opinie dat die sitrusindustrie in Suid
Afrika meer markgerig en ook meer kompeterend geword het na deregulering. In
die toekoms kan verwag word dat daar meer kompetisie in die sitrusbedryf sal
wees as gevolg van 'n toename in sitrusproduksie wêreldwyd in sitrusproduserende
lande. Produsente kan dus nie meer ongewenste variëteite
produseer of sitrus produseer in marginale areas waar opbrengste laag is nie.
Produsente moet hulle toekoms in hulle eie hande neem en moet die uitvoerproses
leer ken sodat hulle die regte besluite kan neem oor produksie en
uitvoere. As gevolg van toenemende kompetisie en kleiner marges moet die
logistiekeketting so kort en koste effektief as moontlik gehou word. As gevolg
hiervan is produsente uitvoermaatskappye aan die toeneem.
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Joubert, Marita. "Deregulation in the South African Optometry industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/924.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))-- University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African health care industry is fragmented between the private and public sector. The disparity of resources between the private and public sectors as well as the escalating cost of health care services is threatening the sustainability of the private health sector and interferes with the national health policy objectives. Optometry shares the same concerns as the wider South African health industry with regards to accessibility, affordability, quality and equity of services.
Deregulation of optometry has been suggested to address these concerns to the benefit of the consumer. But it seems to contradict the proposed higher regulatory environment of the greater private health sector. The objective of the research is to assess whether deregulation is the best way forward for the optometry industry. It also intends to get a more diverse perspective from service providers on the possible effects that deregulation might have on the industry.
The study is conducted in three phases. The first two phases involves secondary data and includes an industry analysis and an assessment of the current regulatory framework of the optometry industry. The international deregulation trends in optometry are investigated as well as the deregulation trends of similar industries in South Africa. The third phase of the research includes an online questionnaire and approximately 2000 service providers were invited to participate. The 229 responses was analysed to assess the overall perception of deregulation.
The skewed distribution of optometrists between the private and public sectors illustrates the need for more accessible and affordable eye care. Service providers are reluctant to get involved in community service and are not optimistic about the positive effect of deregulation. Professionalism and profitability are feared to be negatively influenced while trends in deregulation suggest that it is beneficial to consumers at least in the short term.
Alternative options to deregulation should be investigated. But until the optometry industry increases their contribution to address industry issues, deregulation is the best alternative to improve accessibility, affordability, quality and equity of eye care services.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse gesondheidsorg industrie is gefragmenteer tussen die private en publieke sektor. Die verskil in verspreiding van hulpbronne tussen die private en publieke sektore sowel as die stygende koste van gesondheidsorgdienste dreig die volhoubaarheid van die private sektor en belemmer die doelwitte van die nasionale gesondheidsbeleid. Oogkunde deel dieselfde bekommernisse as die groter Suid-Afrikaanse gesondheidsorg industrie in terme van toeganglikheid, bekostigbaarheid, kwaliteit en gelykheid van dienste.
Deregulasie van oogkunde is voorgestel om die kwessies aan te spreek tot voordeel van die verbruiker. Maar dit lyk teenstrydig te wees met die voorgestelde strenger regulasie van die groter private gesondheid sektor. Die doel van die navorsing is om te bepaal of deregulasie die beste weg vorentoe is vir die oogkunde industrie. Dit beoog ook om ‘n meer diverse perspektief van diensverskaffers te verkry rakende die moontlike effek wat deregulasie op die industrie mag hê.
Die studie word gedoen in drie fases. Die eerste twee fases behels sekondêre data en sluit ‘n industrie analise en ‘n assessering van die huidige regulatoriese raamwerk van die industrie in. Die internasionale deregulasie neigings in oogkunde word ondersoek sowel as die deregulasie neiging van soortgelyke industrieë in Suid-Afrika. Die derde fase van die navorsing behels ‘n aanlyn vraelys en ongeveer 2000 diensverskaffers is uitgenooi om deel te neem. Die 229 responsies is geanaliseer om die oorsigtelike persepsie van deregulasie te bepaal.
Die skewe verspreiding van oogkundiges tussen die private en publieke sektore illustreer die nodigheid van meer toegangklike en bekostigbare oogsorg. Diensverskaffers is huiwerig om betrokke te raak by gemeenskapsdiens en is nie optimisties oor die positiewe effek van deregulasie nie. Daar word gevrees dat professionalisme en winsgewendheid negatief beïnvloed sal word, terwyl neigings in deregulasie wys dat dit tot voordeel van die verbruikers is, ten minste in die korttermyn.
Alternatiewe opsies tot deregulasie moet ondersoek word. Maar totdat die oogkunde industrie hulle bydrae verhoog om die kwessies van die industrie aan te spreek, is deregulasie die beste alternatief om toeganglikheid, bekostigbaarheid, kwaliteit en gelykheid van oogsorgdienste te verbeter.
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Tsan, Siu-yan. "Deregulation of telecommunications market in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13497947.
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Hammond, Rex. "Post-deregulation passenger selection of US airports." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/postderegulation-passenger-selection-of-us-airports(563a5b4e-6931-4288-8f2d-6ffab8c1736a).html.
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Airlines have endured a prolonged period of intense competition with the advent of deregulation in 1978. Market innovations and price-cutting dramatically expanded the number of travelers utilizing the national air transportation network. Bankruptcies and mergers reduced the number of contestants in the industry and eventually produced four national carriers controlling 80-85 percent of the passengers and routes. This new market power of the dominant airlines is resulting in industry changes designed to reduce operational uncertainty but is also having detrimental effects on many airports, particularly the smallest airports. This study employs qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the viability of the nationâs smallest primary commercial service airports. Three journal articles are fused in examining different aspects of the viability question. In Article 1, a longitudinal comparative analysis presents historic growth patterns for various sized airports during deregulation and reveals a distinctly lower growth rate for nonhub airports than their larger rivals. Even with a burgeoning market for travelers, growth for nonhub airports was anemic and the industry experienced massive passenger migration to the 60 largest airports. Article 2 addresses the topic of consumer switching, expands on extant literature with qualitative analyses, and proposes a theoretic, conceptual framework of four primary types of traveler purchasers. Each traveler type has its own distinct switching rationale and creates leakage patterns contoured to the features of their preferred airport. Building on the migration and switching findings of the first two articles, Article 3 explores converging market conditions and factors that are threatening future airline service for dozens of the smallest airports. By extracting findings from contemporary research, a comparative analysis of airports identifies 33 airports that face the highest risk of losing air service. The explanatory model places the airports in rank order by weighting various threat criteria. Qualitative interviews of air service professionals offer insider observations generally not known to the public, confirm observations found in existing research and verify that market forces are acting to reduce the number of airports in the network. The key contribution of the three articles of the thesis is its description of how key actors (firms, customers, agencies) interact and respond to policy decisions that have unintended consequences to small airports and their regional economies. There are predictable patterns in the relational linkages of these actors that contribute to our understanding of how a particular industry evolves under various pressures and how it interacts with factors outside the industry. The preponderance of the evidence from this study reveals that current market trends are generally caustic to the continued operation of small airports. Industry experts are reticent in acknowledging that the next phase of deregulation is underway with the consolidation of the nationâs nonhub airports.
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Chan, Lai-shan, and 陳麗珊. "Development of low cost airlines in the Asia Pacific region." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2992277X.
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Tam, Kai-ho Brian, and 譚啓豪. "Worldwide developments in air transport: liberalization and open skies concepts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31945594.
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Furat, Mina. "Deregulation In Telecommunications Sectors Of Mexico And Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605097/index.pdf.
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National Telecommunications policies have been differentiated together with the extension of international trade, increasing importance of information in trade and the convergence of telecommunications, broadcasting and computing sectors. with the influence of these global factors, the subject of this thesis is the study of Mexican and Turkish national telecommunications policies regarding with the deregulation in telecommmunications service sector.
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Tamminga, Jan, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Radiation-induced epigenome deregulation in the male germline." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/746.
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Approximately 45% of men will develop cancer during their lifetime; some of which will be of reproductive age (Canadian Cancer Society, 2008). Current advances in treatment regimens such as radiotherapy have significantly lowered cancer-related mortality rates; however, one major quality-of-life issue in cancer survivors is the ability to produce healthy offspring. Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) leads to genomic instability in the germline, and further to transgeneration genome instability in unexposed offspring of preconceptionally exposed parents. The results presented in this thesis define, in part, the molecular consequences of direct and indirect irradiation for the male germline. Direct exposure results in a significant accumulation of DNA damage, altered levels of global DNA methylation and microRNAome dysregulation of testis tissue. Localized cranial irradiation results in a significant accumulation of unrepaired DNA lesions and loss of global DNA methylation in the rodent (rat) germline. Biological consequences of the changes observed are discussed.<br>xii, 121 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Dung, Pham Khac. "Deregulation and productivity of the Vietnamese insurance industry." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436030.
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Barreto, Ilidio Teotonio. "The impact of European deregulation on banking strategies." Thesis, City University London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340457.
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Powell, Robert A. II (Robert Andre). "Productivity performance of US passenger airlines since deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74472.
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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).<br>To evaluate US passenger airlines' productivity performance since the airline deregulation in 1978, this research measures and compares productivity at both the US airline industry and individual carrier levels. Productivity is measured at the aggregate airline industry level in terms of multifactor productivity (MFP), the ratio of a single output to a combination of inputs, in order to compare industry productivity over time from 1978 to 2009. In addition, productivity is measured at the disaggregate carrier level in terms of total factor productivity (TFP), the ratio of total outputs to total inputs, to compare productivity growth across airlines and over time from 1995 to 2010. Our key findings indicate US passenger airlines have experienced tremendous MFP improvements since deregulation despite periods of reduced productivity levels that coincide with exogenous factors that include economic recessions, fuel price spikes, and other unforeseen events. Cumulative MFP in terms of airline traffic (RPMs) and network capacity (ASMs) increased 191% and 117%, respectively, between 1978 and 2009. This implies, irrespective of output measure, US passenger airlines have at least doubled their productive abilities over the past three decades. If RPMs are used as the measure of output, productivity has almost tripled. Looking at individual US carriers' productivity, low-cost carriers achieved rapid TFP growth in the early 2000s before leveling off in the latter portion of the decade. The restructuring efforts of legacy carriers enabled them to improve their productivity growth in the latter part of the 2000s, although at a much lower rate than their low-cost counterparts. As of 2010, although low-cost carriers had a slight advantage in TFP levels, evidence of convergence exists, irrespective of carrier type. Regression analyses indicates, on average, low-cost carriers experienced higher TFP growth and network control variables such as average stage length, load factor, and block hours per day were important factors that help explain observed TFP differentials among carriers.<br>by Robert A. Powell II.<br>S.M.in Transportation
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Ajayi, Victor A. "Essays on deregulation in the electricity generation sector." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27614.
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Over that past three decades, power sector reform has been a key pillar of policy agendas in more than half of the countries across the world. This thesis specifically concerns the empirical investigation of the economic performance of the international electricity generation industry. Drawing on the stochastic frontier analysis techniques, the thesis considers the influence of reform as exogenous factors in shifting frontier technology as well as shaping inefficiency function directly -determinants and heteroscedasticity variables. The first essay uses an extensive panel dataset of 91 countries over the period 1980 to 2010 to measure the impact of deregulation on efficiency and total productivity growth using stochastic input distance frontier (SIDF). Three specific issues are addressed in the first essay: (1) the relationship between deregulation and technical efficiency, (2) the extent of the rank correlation of the country intercepts with deregulation via their position on the frontier, (3) the trend of total factor productivity and its components. We establish a positive impact of deregulation on efficiency and some compelling evidence suggesting that the country intercepts equally account for the influence of deregulation aside efficiency. In particular, the technical efficiency index from the first paper reveals that most OECD European countries are consistently efficient. Building on this finding, the second essay investigates the performance in term of cost efficiency for electricity generation in OECD power sector while accounting for the impact of electricity market product regulatory indicators. Empirical models are developed for the cost function as a translog form and analysed using panel data of 25 countries during the period 1980 to 2009. We show that it is necessary to model latent country-specific heterogeneity in addition to time-varying inefficiency. The estimated economies of scale are adjusted to take account of the importance of the quasi-fixed capital input in determining cost behaviour, and adjusted economies of scale are verified for the OECD generation sector. The findings suggest there is a significant impact of electricity market regulatory indicators on cost. Cost complementarity between generation and emissions found to be significant, indicating the possibility of reducing emissions without necessarily reducing electricity generation. Finally, the third essay examines the performance of electric power industry s using consistent state-level electricity generation dataset for the US contiguous states from 1998-2014. We estimate stochastic production frontier for five competing models in order to identify the determinants of technical inefficiency and marginal effects. We find evidence of positive impacts of deregulation on technical efficiency across the models estimated. Our preferred model shows that deregulated states are more efficient in electricity generation than non-deregulated states. The result of the marginal effects shows that deregulation has a positive and monotonic effect on the technical efficiency.
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Cai, Shenghua. "Robust framework design for electric power industry deregulation." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135583.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(エネルギー科学)<br>甲第13948号<br>エネ博第169号<br>新制||エネ||40(附属図書館)<br>UT51-2008-C864<br>京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー社会・環境科学専攻<br>(主査)教授 手塚 哲央, 教授 石原 慶一, 准教授 下田 宏<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Afanador, Delgado Catalina. "Analysis on various pricing scenarios in a deregulated electricity market." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4376.
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The electricity pricing structure in Texas has changed after deregulation (January
2002). The Energy Systems Laboratory has served as a technical consultant on
electricity purchases to several universities in the Texas A&M University System since
2001. In the fiscal year of 2006 Stephen F. Austin State University joined with the
TAMU campuses and agencies, and there are now 183 accounts in the Electric
Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) North, Northeast, South, West, and Houston
areas of Texas. From the 183 accounts, 9 Interval Data Recorder (IDR) accounts
consume 92% of the total load. The objective of this research is to find the most
economic price structure to purchase electricity for the Texas A&M System and Stephen
F. Austin University by analyzing various pricing scenarios: the spot market, forward
contracts, take or pay contracts and on/off season (tiered) contracts. The analysis was
based on the 9 IDR accounts. The prices for the spot market were given by ERCOT and
the other prices by Sempra. The energy charges were calculated every 15 minute using
the real historical consumption of each facility and the aggregated load of all facilities.
The result for the analysis was given for each institution separately, as well as for the aggregated load of all facilities. The results of the analysis showed that the tiered price
was the most economical structure to purchase electricity for each individual university
and for the total aggregated load of all 9 IDR accounts. From March 1, 2005 to February
28, 2006, purchasing electricity on the tiered price would have cost $13,810,560. The
forward contract, that is, purchasing electricity on a fixed rate, was the next cheapest
with an energy cost of $14,266,870 from March 1, 2005 to February 28, 2006, 3%
higher than purchasing electricity at the tiered price. The most expensive method to
purchase electricity would have been the spot market. Its energy costs would have been
approximately $18,171,610, 36% and 31% higher, respectively, than purchasing
electricity at the tiered price and the fixed rate.
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Joyce, Elizabeth Mary. "Security in a distributed processing environment." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1638.
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Distribution plays a key role in telecommunication and computing systems today. It has become a necessity as a result of deregulation and anti-trust legislation, which has forced businesses to move from centralised, monolithic systems to distributed systems with the separation of applications and provisioning technologies, such as the service and transportation layers in the Internet. The need for reliability and recovery requires systems to use replication and secondary backup systems such as those used in ecommerce. There are consequences to distribution. It results in systems being implemented in heterogeneous environment; it requires systems to be scalable; it results in some loss of control and so this contributes to the increased security issues that result from distribution. Each of these issues has to be dealt with. A distributed processing environment (DPE) is middleware that allows heterogeneous environments to operate in a homogeneous manner. Scalability can be addressed by using object-oriented technology to distribute functionality. Security is more difficult to address because it requires the creation of a distributed trusted environment. The problem with security in a DPE currently is that it is treated as an adjunct service, i.e. and after-thought that is the last thing added to the system. As a result, it is not pervasive and therefore is unable to fully support the other DPE services. DPE security needs to provide the five basic security services, authentication, access control, integrity, confidentiality and non-repudiation, in a distributed environment, while ensuring simple and usable administration. The research, detailed in this thesis, starts by highlighting the inadequacies of the existing DPE and its services. It argues that a new management structure was introduced that provides greater flexibility and configurability, while promoting mechanism and service independence. A new secure interoperability framework was introduced which provides the ability to negotiate common mechanism and service level configurations. New facilities were added to the non-repudiation and audit services. The research has shown that all services should be security-aware, and therefore would able to interact with the Enhanced Security Service in order to provide a more secure environment within a DPE. As a proof of concept, the Trader service was selected. Its security limitations were examined, new security behaviour policies proposed and it was then implemented as a Security-aware Trader, which could counteract the existing security limitations.
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Emadi-Coffin, Barbara. "Towards a new theory of international organization : the multinational corporation, the state, and international regulation in the establishment of enterprise zones and export processing zones." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320365.
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Sani, Sabiu Bariki. "Analysis of the effect of oil subsidy withdrawal on the economic growth of Nigeria." Thesis, Abertay University, 2014. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/8c4d4e63-7ce5-4684-9ab9-4c5ec3be65d0.
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The issue of price deregulation in the downstream oil sector of Nigeria through gradual subsidy withdrawal has generated a heated debate in the country with the government claiming that it will guarantee long term stability in product, supply and price. This will translate into economic growth and development. Others, especially the organised labour, claim that deregulation will lead to higher product prices, higher cost of production, and cut of jobs and will bring about recession in the economy. Therefore, this thesis employs Vector Auto regression Model using Variance Decomposition, Impulse Response Function and Granger Causality tests to assess the effect of price deregulation through gradual subsidy withdrawal in the downstream oil sector of Nigeria on four macroeconomic variables which are; GDP, Inflation, Unemployment and Minimum wage. The research finds evidence that changes in oil price, as a result of subsidy withdrawal, is the major source of variation in GDP, Inflation and Unemployment, while it is not found to be a significant source of variation in minimum wages. The result also reveals that there is positive impact of oil price changes on GDP and Inflation but negative impact on Unemployment and Minimum wages at the beginning of the observation period which became positive in the later stage of the observation. Finally the Granger causality test indicates unidirectional causality running from Petroleum prices to GDP and from Inflation to Petroleum prices while there is no evidence of causality on Minimum wage and Unemployment. The result of the granger causality test is an indication that the positive effect of changes in petroleum prices on GDP is not as a result of increased economic activity but a result of increased government spending due to increased revenue available to it as a result of subsidy withdrawal. The study suggests that countries wishing to deregulate their downstream oil sectors should evolve ways that will reduce the impact of the policy on cost of production, protect jobs, control inflation and protect real wage. This will mitigate economic recession and promote growth.
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Guillaumet, Adkins Amy Lauren. "Epigenetic deregulation of WT1 and AWT1 in hematological maligancies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117312.
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En l’última dècada, s’ha posat en evidència que el càncer és tant una malaltia genètica com epigenètica. La desregulació epigenètica pot afectar molts processos cel·lulars, com són el silenciament de gens supressors de tumors, l’activació d’oncògens, l’inestabilitat genòmica i/o la desregulació d’expressió de gens impremtats. Aquesta última, és l’expressió monoal·lèlica parental dictada a través de regions de metilació diferencial, heretades de la línia germinal. Aquests gens, en càncer es troben pertorbats, contribuint a la iniciació i progressió del càncer. En neoplàsies hematològiques es desconeix la desregulació d’aquests transcrits. El gen WT1, segons els seu context cel·lular, pot actuar com un suppressor de tumors o com un oncogen, a més a més, presenta unes isoformes d’expressió paterna, el transcrit alternatiu AWT1 i l’antisense WT1-AS. Aquesta expressió al·lèlica es creu que és regulada per una regió diferencialment metilada (DMR), coneguda com la regió reguladora de WT1 antisense. Curiosament, l'expressió de WT1 està desregulada en neoplàsies hematològiques, i s'utilitza rutinàriament com un marcador residual de la malaltia en leucèmies mieloides agudes. S’ha caracteritzat l’epigenètica de les regions promotores de WT1 i AWT1, per identificar el mecanisme que condueix a l'expressió aberrant, i si la pèrdua d'empremta n’és la causa. Utilitzant diverses tècniques moleculars no es va ser capaç d'identificar la metilació al·lèlica dins de l'interval del promotor de WT1, però tot i això s’observa un augment temporal en la metilació, coherent amb resultats publicats prèviament. Malgrat no trobar aquesta regió impremtada, s’observa que aquesta regió s’hipermetila amb freqüència en leucèmies i limfomes, i que la hipermetilació del promotor AWT1 es produeix en el 100% de línies cel·lulars d’AML, malgrat els alts nivells d’expressió. A més a més, la hipermetilació s'associa amb un canvi concomitant en les modificacions d'histones, d’un estat permissiu a un estat d’heterocromatina. En l’anàlisi de metilació de DNA en mes de 169 mostres de leucèmia primària, es va observar una hipermetilació en un 89% de les mostres de AML, independentment de mutacions i/o translocacions/fusions, a més a més de ser un marcador molecular prometedor per a la AML, amb un valor predictiu positiu de 100% i valor predictiu negatiu de 87,6%. Malgrat aquest perfil epigenètic extens, tant a nivell de promotor com a nivell de miRNA, l'única correlació que s’observa amb l’expressió de WT1/AWT1 en AML és la co-expressió del factor de transcripció, GATA-2, que s'uneix a un enhancer situat al 3'UTR de WT1. Aquesta observació, porta a la hipòtesi que GATA-2 indueix l’expressió de WT1/AWT1, i aquest inicia un mecanisme autoregulador en què interactua WT1 i recluta les metiltransferases d'DNA als llocs d’unió de WT1/EGR-1 al promotor d’AWT1 hipermetilant-lo.<br>Intense research over the past decade has revealed that cancer is much an epigenetic as a genetic disease. The epigenetic deregulation can disrupt many cellular processes resulting in silencing of tumor suppressor genes, activation of oncogenes, genome instability and inappropriate imprinted gene expression. The latter process is the parental of origin monoallelic expression that is dictated by regions of differential methylation inherited from the germline, that when disrupted contributes to the initiation and progression of cancer. In hematological malignancies very little is known about the deregulation of imprinted transcripts. The WT1 gene has various transcripts that act as a tumor suppressor and an oncogene depending on the cellular context, and for which paternal expression of the alternative AWT1 and antisense isoforms has been reported. This allelic expression is postulated to be regulated by a tissue-specific differential methylation region (DMR), known as the WT1-antisense regulatory region. Interestingly, WT1 expression is aberrantly up regulated in hematological malignancies and is routinely used as a molecular marker for minimal residue of disease in acute myeloid leukemia.
Herein, we have fully characterized the epigenetic landscape encompassing the WT1 and AWT1 promoter regions in an attempt to identify the mechanism leading to aberrant expression, and whether loss-of-imprinting is routinely observed. Using various molecular techniques we fail to identify allelic methylation within the WT1 promoter interval, but we observe a temporal increase in methylation that is consistent with previous reports. Despite conclusive evidences for lack of imprinting, we found that the region frequently becomes hypermethylated in leukemias and lymphomas, and that hypermethylation of the AWT1 promoter occurs in 100 % of AML cell lines despite the high expression levels. Further characterization of myeloid derived leukemia cell lines revealed that this cancer-associated hypermethylation is associated with a concomitant switch in histone modifications, from a permissive to a heterochromatic state. DNA methylation analysis in more than 169 primary leukemia samples revealed that this hypermethylated signature occurs in 89% of AML samples, independent of underlying mutations or translocation/fusion proteins, and is a promising molecular marker for AML, having a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 87.6%. Despite this extensive epigenetic profiling, both at the promoter and at the miRNA level, the only correlation we observe with WT1/AWT1 expression in AML is the co-expression of the transcription factor, GATA-2, which binds to the enhancer located in the 3’UTR of WT1. This observation, lead us to hypothesize that GATA-2 induced expression of WT1 initiating an auto-regulative mechanism in which WT1 interacts and recruits the DNA methyltransferases to degenerative WT1/EGR-1 binding sites within the AWT1 promoter, leading to its hypermethylation.
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Güner, Dilek. "Deregulation von Zellzyklus und Apoptose beim Plattenepithelkarzinom des Ösophagus." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969472463.
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Brannigan, Kathleen. "Deregulation and democracy : Thailand as a newly industrialising country /." Title page and contents only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb821.pdf.
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Daskalos, Alexandros. "Deregulation of DNA methylation aand retrotransposon reactivation in NSCL." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539561.
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Engel, Natascha [Verfasser]. "Deregulation von Zellzyklus und Apoptose beim Ovarialkarzinom / Natascha Engel." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1023258102/34.
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Güner, Dilek. "Deregulation von Zellzyklus und Apoptose beim Plattenepithelkarzinom des Ösophagus." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14953.
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Störung des G1-Restriktionspunkts des Zellzyklus und Verlust der Wachstumskontrolle in Folge der Inaktivierung des Rb-Signalwegs ist ein häufiges Ereignis in malignen Tumoren. Gemeinsam mit der Hemmung von Apoptose-Signalwegen sind solche genetischen Ereignisse zentrale pathogenetische Faktoren der Tumorentstehung. Diese Veränderungen prägen aber auch entscheidend die Tumorbiologie und bestimmen somit intrinische und erworbene Therapieresistenz und konsequenterweise auch die klinische Prognose der Tumorerkrankung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Veränderungen im Rb- und im p53-Signalweg in Plattenepithelkarzinomen des Ösophagus untersucht. Diese retrospektive Studie wurde an Tumorproben von 53 mit kurativer Intention R0-resezierten Patienten durchgeführt. Proteinexpression wurde mittels Immunhistochemie und Mutationen mittels SSCP-PCR analysiert. Aktivierende Punktmutationen des K-ras Onkogens wurden mittels mutationsselektiver genomischer PCR und eines sequenzspezifischen Festphasen-Hybridisierungstests nachgewiesen. Die Analyse der individuellen Gene zeigte, dass Expressionsverlust der Rb-Signalwegskomponenten p16INK4a, p21CIP/WAF-1, p27KIP1 und von Rb selbst, sowie die Überexpression von Cyclin D1 bzw. Verlust des pro-apoptotischen Bcl-2 Homologs Bax mit schlechter Prognose, d.h. kürzerem Überleben korrelierte. Überexpression von Cyclin E, p53 oder Bcl-2, sowie Mutation von p53 bzw. K-ras zeigten hingegen keinen Einfluss auf die Prognose. Das längste Überleben wurde in einer Subgruppe von Patienten beobachtet deren Tumore eine Kombination günstiger Genotypen zeigte, und zwar niedrige Cyclin D1 Expression, sowie hohe Expression von Rb, p21CIP/WAF-1, p16INK4a und Bax. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Multigen- oder "Multimarker"-Analyse von Genen, die konsekutiv oder synergistisch in Zellzyklus- und Apoptose-Signalwegen agieren, zur Prognoseabschätzung der Analyse individueller Gene deutlich überlegen ist. Die Identifikation solcher genetischer Markerprofile sollte sich auch zukünftig als nützlich für die klinische Entscheidungsfindung in der Therapie maligner Tumore erweisen und wird konventionelle klinische und pathologische Faktoren komplementieren, die bisher keine ausreichende Prognoseabschätzung erlauben.<br>Malignant tumors frequently show inactivation of the Rb pathway and, as a result, deregulation of the G1 restriction point of the cell cycle and loss of growth control. Together with the inhibition of apoptosis signaling pathways, such events are key pathogenetic factors in tumor development. Moreover, these aberrations are decisive in determining tumor biology and characteristics such as intrinisic or acquired resistance to therapy and, consequently, the clinical prognosis of the malignant disease. In the present work, aberrations in the Rb and the p53 pathway were analysed. This retrospective study was undertaken in a cohort of 53 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent R0 resection with a curative intent. Protein expression in tumor samples was analysed by means of immunohistochemistry and mutations were investigated by the use of genomic SSCP-PCR. Activating point mutations of the K-ras oncogene were detected by the use of mutation-selective genomic PCR and a sequence specific solid phase hybridization assay. The analysis of individual genes showed a correlation between poor prognosis, i.e. short overall survival, and loss of the Rb pathway components p16INK4a, p21CIP/WAF-1, p27KIP1, and Rb itself, or overexpression of cyclin D1 or loss of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homolog Bax. In contrast, overexpression of cyclin E, p53 or Bcl-2 and mutation of p53 or K-ras had no influence on disease prognosis. The longest survival was found in a subgroup of patients whose tumors exhibited a combination of favorable genotypes, i.e. low expression of cyclin D1, and high expression of Rb, p21CIP/WAF-1, p16INK4a and Bax. These results demonstrate that a multigene or "multimarker"-analysis of genes that act consecutively or synergistically in cell cycle and apoptosis signaling pathways is far superior to determine disease prognosis when compared to the analysis of individual genes. The identification of such genetic marker profiles should proove beneficial in clinical decision making in the therapy of malignant tumors. In the future, such diagnostic tools may be useful to complement conventional clinical and pathologic factors which in most instances do not allow prediction of disease prognosis.
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Hammond, Leslie J. "An investigation into the impact of the 1986 Building Societies Act on the strategies and performance of UK building societies." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242972.
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Leong, Shing-tak Philip, and 梁成德. "The growth of second-tier airlines in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31570768.
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Lau, Wing Chi. "An analysis of electricity deregulation a lesson for Hong Kong /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?msc-meem-b19912973a.pdf.
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Thesis (M.Sc.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2005.<br>Title from title screen (viewed on Jan. 10, 2005) "A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering Management." Includes bibliographical references.
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Kopsakangas-Savolainen, M. (Maria). "A study on the deregulation of the Finnish electricity markets." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514266137.
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Abstract
Governments have regarded the electricity industry as a leading industrial sector
throughout the history. Because of its strategic importance to industrial
development, its impacts on the social and environmental issues and its natural
monopoly characteristics, it has been seen necessary to regulate electricity
industry effectively. However, in the mid 1980s it was realised that even though
transmission and distribution networks are natural monopolies, the scale
economies in electricity production at the generating unit level had exhausted at
a unit size of about 500 MW. This meant that supply and generation had become
potentially competitive activities. In Finland the new Electricity Market Act
(EMA) came into force in 1.11.1995. According to it the production and supply of
electricity became deregulated and competition was introduced to the industry.
The main aim of the law was to improve efficiency.
This dissertation analyses, both theoretically and empirically, the impacts of
deregulation to the Finnish electricity markets. In chapter two we discuss on the
grounds and incentives of the deregulation processes that have been carried out
in different countries. We also determine the crucial factors in order succeed in
the deregulation process. According to our view the success depend on
the number of active players in the wholesale market,
the rules of the bidding procedure, the
organisation of the demand side operation, the neutrality of
transmission grid, the structure of production
technologies and the ownership structure of the
industry.
In chapter three we theoretically model the profit maximising behaviour of the
Finnish electricity companies based on different stages of vertical integration
and on different stage of competition. According to our results the profit
maximising pricing rules of distribution units is dependent on the stage of
integration and on the stage of competition. The separated distribution company
maximises profits by setting the distribution price equal to the long-run
marginal costs plus mark-up determined by price elasticity of demand. The
integrated distribution unit has to take also the impacts on the supply unit into
account when setting the distribution price.
Chapter four considers the consequences of deregulation to the wholesale price of
electricity and the market structure of the industry. It is interesting to
question whether deregulation in some circumstances may lead to higher prices
instead of lower ones. The relationship between the Cournot equilibrium on the
one hand and Bertrand equilibrium on the other will be quantitatively explored.
The results indicate that deregulation can result in a significant price increase
and output decrease in Finland if there occurs Cournot type of competition.
In chapter five we consider alternative pricing policies for a regulated
distribution company and empirically analyse is it possible to achieve welfare
improvements by changing the prevalent price structure to the more efficient one.
We use four different pricing methods which are marginal cost pricing, fully
distributed cost pricing (FDC), Ramsey pricing and optimal two-part tariffs. The
results indicate that it is possible to improve welfare quite markedly by
switching from the existing pricing principles to more efficient ones. The
resulting welfare is highest if we use the first best prices based on marginal
costs or optimal two-part tariffs.
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Caskey, Kevin. "Productivity performance of U.S. trucking in the era of deregulation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26057.
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This paper analyzes the impact on the productivity of the U. S. interstate trucking industry of changes in the regulatory climate in 1980. Two methods of analysis are used; Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Neo-Classical Cost Function analysis. The industry's performance in 1978 is compared to the performance in 1982.
Results of the Total Factor Productivity analysis indicate the TFP of the industry in 1982, after deregulation, was lower than that of 1978. However drawing conclusions from this result would be unfounded. TFP analysis assumes constant returns to scale. Cost Function analyses find that the U. S. trucking industry exhibits significant economies of scale. As the trucking industry does not have constant returns to scale, TFP cannot be used to draw conclusions about its economic performance.
The results of the Cost Function analyses are dependent on which model is chosen. The variable measuring the effect of deregulation is either positive or negative depending on exactly what other variables are included in the model. In none of the initial models is this variable found to be significantly different from zero. After deleting six data points which produce extreme residuals and correspond to questionable observations, this variable is found to be positive and significant, indicating increased costs in 1982.<br>Business, Sauder School of<br>Graduate
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Maurice, Sebastian Augustine. "Deregulation and freight rates, analysis of the Canadian Railway Industry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq22636.pdf.
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Lin, Lin. "Deregulation and bank performance : an empirical study for the US /." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015057919&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Andersson, Peter. "Deregulation and Internet : new challenges to postal services in Sweden /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 2001. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2001/arts228s.htm.
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Priadko, Mark. "The effects of deregulation and competition on public enterprise performance /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ecp945.pdf.
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Papavlassopulos, George. "Broadcasting deregulation in Western Europe with particular reference to Greece." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/4226.
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While considerable divergencies existed among Western European countries in the broadcasting field until recently, all of them instituted a state monopoly. This traditional European pattern has recently been questioned with the emergence of the new phenomenon of 'deregulation'. This thesis looks at the main facets of W.European deregulation giving particular emphasis to the Greek case. It does not attempt to create a homogeneous notional structure covering all Western Europe, but to examine and uncover the antecedents behind broadcasting deregulation, which is taking place all over Western Europe, acknowledging the diverse paths through which this new phenomenon has taken place. The recent deregulatory evolutions, however, prove that most countries are now subject to the same international developments in technology, economics and politics. Broadcasting deregulation in Western Europe is closely wedded with the neo-liberal creed that appeared with new technological developments such as the 'new media' of cable and satellite and the investment opportunities they brought. Particular attention is paid to the principal connotations that technology had on Western European broadcasting and to the neo-liberal policy-making, concerning reduction in the level of regulation and introduction of deregulatory policies, based on arguments for business efficiency. effectiveness and enrichment of consumer's choice. These arguments are compounded by the growing internationalisation and interdependence of investment and broadcasting. Additionally, the Commission of the European Communities, particularly with its Directive 'Television Without Frontiers', seeks to establish a common market for broadcasting across the frontiers of the EC member states. In short, the main argument of this thesis is connected with the determining factors behind broadcasting deregulation particularly focusing on the Greek case. The thesis first gives a theoretical franîework for broadcasting policies and trends and then investigates the Western European broadcasting scene, taking an integral approach and making the connections, in order to focus on the Greek case, as Greece is part of this process. The second part of the thesis investigates and clarifies how broadcasting regulation has been abandoned in Greece in response to the influence of external and internal factors and tendencies.
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Daly, Nicole Louise. "The deregulation of RNA polymerases I and III in tumours." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400716.
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Kim, Yoon-jung 1975. "An analysis of the Cambridge condominium market after rent deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32227.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 62).<br>The condominium has become a popular form of ownership in Cambridge as it provides attractive benefits of homeownership without the physical responsibilities of maintaining a detached single-family home. Furthermore, as it is often a less expensive form of homeownership than single-family housing, it enables moderate income, first-time home buyers to have comparatively easier access to homeownership. During the time when much of the rental housing was under the rent control, condominium conversions were a means of releasing housing from the controls. Many of the landlords sought to convert their housing to condominium units even after strict ordinances were passed to limit the sales of such condominiums. This study seeks to investigate and explain the condominium conversion market after the termination of rent control, during the years of 1995 through 1998. The first objective of this study is to investigate the spatial pattern of Cambridge and its neighborhoods with regard to distributions of rentcontrolled housing, converted condominium units, rent-controlled units that were converted to condominiums and the median sales prices of condominium units. The second objective is to examine further the neighborhoods and better understand the condominium market of each neighborhood. Using the data on rent controlled residential units in 1994 and residential condominium units assessed for the fiscal year 2000, we employed Geographic Information System to visually present the spatial housing patterns in Cambridge. Most importantly, we analyzed the phenomenon of condominium conversions after rent deregulation and the findings indicate that less than 2 percent of the rent controlled units in 1994 were converted to condominiums during the period of 1995 through 1998. Most of the conversions and new construction of condominiums were in five of the neighborhoods whose residents have relatively high income levels, and in which there are greater number of non-family households, young professionals, and owner-occupied dwellings. The pattern of sales price by neighborhood is also examined during the 1995-1998 period.<br>by Yoon-jung Kim.<br>S.M.
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Malinge, Jean-Louis. "The impact of German telecommunications deregulation on the industry structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10955.
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Ferrer, José M. S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Analysis of aircraft fleets of U.S. major airlines since deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26839.
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Parming, Veiko Paul. "Productivity and competition in the U.S. trucking industry since deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82846.
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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 105-107).<br>In 1980 Congress passed the Motor Carrier Act, substantially liberating trucking carriers from a federal regulatory structure that had exercised broad economic control over the industry for over four decades. Changes in the industry were swift and extensive. This thesis returns to the transformational period encompassing the deregulatory and post-deregulatory years. Using the Motor Carrier Annual Reports (Form M) dataset, the thesis sets its focus as physical productivity at the firm level, and analyzes the truckload (TL) and less-than-truckload (LTL) sectors separatIy. The Form M dataset covers the years 1977-1992; the baseline for cumulative analysis is set as 1979, the eve of the Motor Carrier Act. The productivity analysis is contextualized within a wider account of industry changes, including substantial declines in unit costs. The thesis goes on to present a framework for understanding how deregulation engendered changes in competition and productivity. Physical multifactor productivity (MFP) growth in the years 1979-1992 is found to average 1.6% p.a. for TL and 1.0% p.a. for LTL. After initial productivity stagnation, MFP growth from 1983 on was 2.0% and 1.7% p.a. for TL and LTL, respectively. This is suggestive of steady improvement in efficiency, if not a productivity revolution. Although productivity growth was modest, it played a significant role in cutting unit costs. Between 1979-1992 real unit costs declined by 39% for the truckload sector; productivity factors were associated with a 17% reduction while input price factors were responsible for a 20% reduction. For the LTL sector, the decline in unit costs was 17%, with productivity responsible for a 7% drop and input price factors, an 11% drop. The unit cost savings enabled carriers to offer lower real output prices to shippers.<br>by Veiko Paul Parming.<br>S.M.in Transportation