Academic literature on the topic 'Derived adjective'
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Journal articles on the topic "Derived adjective"
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KOZLOVSKAYA, NATALIA V., and ALINA S. PAVLOVA. "ADJECTIVE NEOLOGISMS DERIVED FROM LOAN-WORDSTEMS IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE." Cherepovets State University Bulletin 6, no. 99 (2020): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/1994-0637-2020-6-99-9.
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The article deals with the semantic analysis and reveals the peculiarities of the adaptation and functioning of the adjective neologismsderived from a borrowed stemby adding a Russian derivational affix.In the course of the first-stage researchthe thematic classification of the above-mentioned “hybrid” adjectivesis made (the current samplecomprises approximately 200 lexical units).The investigation of the lexical data has shown that the majority of “hybrid” adjectives are derived from English stems and mainly consist of relative adjectives. The article analyses the main derivational patterns in the word-formation of adjectives derived from borrowed nouns and adjectives, and the most productive suffixes are revealed. It is stated that the tendency for adjective derivation from the English stems ending in -ing (the trend which was first observed in the 1990s) has been growing rapidly at the beginning of the 21st century.The analysis of variedlexical data has shown that the functioning of “hybrid” adjectives in the texts different in genre and styleis connected with the phenomenon of variationwhich consists in the difference in root spelling, as well as in the competition between the adjective suffixes. In the concluding part of the article, the authors describe peculiar properties of semantic adaptation which are typical of adjective neologisms derived from loan-word stems.
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Spencer, Andrew, and Irina Nikolaeva. "Denominal adjectives as mixed categories." Word Structure 10, no. 1 (2017): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2017.0101.
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Many languages have morphological devices to turn a noun into an adjective. Often this morphology is genuinely derivational in that it adds semantic content such as ‘similar-to-N’ (similitudinal), ‘located-on/in’ (locational) and so on. In other cases the denominal adjective expresses no more than a pragmatically determined relationship, as in preposition-al phrase (see the synonymous preposition phrase), often called ‘relational adjectives’. In many languages relational adjectives are noun-to-adjective transpositions, that is, adjectival forms (‘representations’) of nominals. In some languages and constructions they retain some of the noun-related properties of the base. For example, the base can be modified by an attribute as though it were still a syntactically represented noun, giving rise to what we will call ‘syntagmatic category mixing’. We also find instances of ‘paradigmatic category mixing’ in which the derived adjectival form retains some of the inflectional morphology (case and/or number and/or possessive) of its base noun, as in a number of Uralic and Altaic languages. We address this kind of categorial mixing within the descriptive framework for lexical relatedness proposed in Spencer (2013) . A true transposition has a complex ‘semantic function’ (sf) role, consisting of the semantic function role of the derived category overlaid over that of the base. We explain how the complex semantic structure role of noun-to-adjective transpositions maps onto c-structure nodes, using the syntactic framework of Lexical Functional Grammar.
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Tampangella, Terra, and Titi Rokhayati. "THE ANALYSIS OF NOUN DERIVED FROM ADJECTIVE FOUND IN BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH AND THE TEACHING OF GRAMMAR." Journal of Languages and Language Teaching 9, no. 2 (2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v9i2.3488.
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The study is qualitative research. This research deals with noun derived from adjective found in Barack Obama’s speech. The objectives of the research are to find out the position of the noun derived from adjectives in the sentence pattern found in Barack Obama’s speech and to describe the application of noun derived from adjective to teach grammar. In collecting the data, the researchers read the script, identified noun derived from adjectives, analysed the data related to the theory of noun derived from the adjective, analyzing the data quantitatively and qualitatively, applied the finding to teach the grammar at eleventh grade student of Senior High School. The result shows that there are three positions of the noun derived from adjectives based on sentence pattern. They are 30 SVO (Subject + Verb + Object) (50%), 18 SVA ( Subject + Verb + Adverb ) (30%), 12 SVC ( Subject + Verb + Complement ) (20%). The teacher could apply in pre teaching by giving description of Barrack Obama’s characters, whilst teaching by giving the explanation about part of speech and post teaching by strengthening the use of noun derived from adjective as one of part of speech in which it becomes the most important piece in a sentence.
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Fábregas, Antonio, and Rafael Marín. "Problems and questions in derived adjectives." Word Structure 10, no. 1 (2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2017.0098.
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This article overviews the main questions that emerge from cross-linguistic analysis of morphologically complex adjectives. It is discussed that the problems arise from the fact that it is difficult to identify any positive properties of adjectives capable of singling them out with respect to other categories. Thus, what has been classified as a derived adjective frequently is a version of the base category that lacks some of the definitional properties of that category. This article examines the questions related to deverbal adjectives, participles and denominal adjectives.
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Ollennu, Yvonne Akwele Amankwaa. "On Predication of Adjectives in Ga." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 2 (2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i2.11067.
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The adjective as a word class is elusive, as sometimes this distinct class is not easy to be identified in some languages though recent linguistics studies have claimed it exists in all languages. In Ga, a Kwa language of Niger Congo, the adjective class can be clearly defined. The Ga adjective class consists of both derived and underived forms. Adjectives are syntactically known to play the role of attribution, and/or predication and also found in comparative constructions. This paper investigates how adjectives in predicative positions in English are expressed in Ga and more especially when multiple ones serve as copula complement. It shows that adjectives in predication are expressed through verbs in Ga. The adjectives found in Ga are classified according to Dixon semantic classes. The data for this study were collected through questionnaire and follow up interviews from some native speakers. From the study, it came to light that verbs that occur in predicate positions as head of the verb phrases may have adjective equivalents but speakers prefer the verbs to the adjectives and there seems to be some number agreement with the nouns in subject position. When the adjective has no verb equivalent, natives make use of relative clauses and also make use of the adjectives. The study further revealed that when multiple adjectives are used in predicative position, though a restricted order was not established, there exist a preferred order for example, dimension adjectives occur before colour adjectives.
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SAUGERA, VALÉRIE. "The inflectional behavior of English-origin adjectives in French." Journal of French Language Studies 22, no. 2 (2011): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269511000032.
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ABSTRACTWhen adjectives of English origin are pluralized in French, they follow one of three patterns: they receive inflection, reject inflection, or accept both forms. Curiously, these patterns of morphological variation have never been analyzed. This study identifies inflection-inhibiting constraints for a closed corpus of French dictionary-attested English adjectives and reveals that uninflected and variable adjectives do violate the standard native rule of adjective agreement, yet the constraints that block inflection are French-derived. A second feature of these adjectival anglicisms is that the nominal counterpart, if it exists, always receives native inflection (des jeans baggy vs. des baggys). The difference in word class, and specifically the feature of grammatical gender, may account for the contrastive behavior.
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Zakharova, Mariya A. "Interpretation von Tiernamen als Teile von zusammengesetzten Adjektiven." Neophilology, no. 20 (2019): 466–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2019-5-20-466-475.
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This research is based on the modern theory of interpretation. We describe the relationships between both parts of compound adjectives with the animal names. We study the formation of secondary meanings of these animal names, depending on the semantic structure of the adjective. We discover 5 types of structures with an animal name as a first part. The second part contains either the feature of animal or somatic-derived adjective or simply animal name-enhanced trait. This part can have both primary and secondary value. So, the purpose of the research is the analysis of the possibility of forming the secondary meanings of these compound adjectives. Since the adjective denotes not an object but a feature, the research contains several examples of its use in texting. There are also some examples of the language usage of the exploratory adjectives, because the context may affect the peculiarities of meaning of adjectives.
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Dort-Slijper, Marjolein van, Gert Rijlaarsdam, and Eva Breedveld. "De Verwerving Van Morfologische Regels in Schrift (III)." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 61 (January 1, 1999): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.61.09dor.
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In order to provide textbook authors with empirical data on the acquisition in Dutch of written morphology in nouns, verbs and adjectives, several empirical studies have been undertaken. In this article, the third study reports on the performance of the morpheme -e in a special case of adjectives in Dutch: the adjectives derived from participles. The study tries to determine the possible interference between the morphological rules for verb inflection (past tense) and adjective declension in reading and writing. Five classes of adjectives were distinguished according to order of relative difficulty established a priori. Subjects (n=157, grade 6, 7 and 8 from two schools) individually completed a compre-hension and a production task in which factors were systematically varied. Also a recognition test on the spelling of the past tense of verbs was administered. The results showed an effect of categories of verbal adjectives in the production task, but only for groups 7 and 8; group 6 was not sensitive to the differences between the categories. In the recognition task, no effect of type of adjective (verbal or normal) was found for groups 7 and 8; but for group 6, performance on verbal adjectives was lower for the three most difficult categories of adjectives. In the production task, all three groups performed lower on verbal adjectives than normal adjectives in the two most difficult categories of adjectives. It turned out that groups which acquired spelling rules for the past tense of verbs to a higher level, made more errors in the spelling of verbal adjectives, especially in the two categories of adjectives which related the strongest to the spelling of verbs. It was concluded that indications were found that negative transfer or interference is present. Authors recommend changing the order of phases in which spelling rules are trained: from 'adjective declension-verb inflection (past tense)-verbal adjective declension' to 'adjective declension (including verbal adjective declension)-verb declension (past tense).
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Lecolle, Michelle. "Désadjectivaux formés par conversion et double catégorisation." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 46, no. 2 (2011): 295–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.46.2.07lec.
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This article deals with adjective-to-noun conversion in French, namely the case of -aire derived lexemes. It is argued here that the intermediate and hybrid status of certain bi-categorial adjective/noun items can be viewed as an intermediate theoretical step on the way to actual conversion; we call this general process “transcategorisation” rather than “conversion”. After describing the two main types of -aire derivation, and the corpus constituted by adjectives and bi-categorial -aire items, we suggest two adjective-to-noun “transcategorisation” models according to the two types of -aire derived lexemes: a model “A”, where the fundamental nominal value is abstract and refers to a generic or collective notion, such as l’alimentaire “alimentary stuff”; and a model “B”, involving ellipsis, where the nominal value is concrete and refers to a class of human individuals or objects.
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Pitkänen-Heikkilä, Kaarina. "Adjectives as terms." Terminology 21, no. 1 (2015): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.21.1.04pit.
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This paper discusses terminology in the field of plant morphology, where nearly half of the terms are adjectives. What are adjectives as terms like? How are they differentiated from adjectives in the general language? How should adjectives be treated in terminological description and terminography? For example, the relationship between an adjective and the object it characterizes differs from the relationship between a noun and the object to which it refers. For a systematic definition, adjectives have often been changed to nouns in terminological dictionaries: property names derived from adjectives or modifiers of noun phrases. This article argues that such a method is not applicable in plant morphology because, on the one hand, that kind of nouns does not occur in the texts that describe plants and, on the other hand, because of the semantic changes it may cause. The article also proposes some new tools for the description and definition of adjectival terms.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Derived adjective"
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Meunier, Fanny. "Recherches sur le génitif en tokharien." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4022/document.
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Ce travail a pour objectif de décrire et de classer les emplois du génitif à partir des textes publiés en tokharien A et en tokharien B. La description synchronique des emplois du génitif, qui constitue en quelque sorte une syntaxe normative de ce cas, conduit à des comparaisons avec des faits syntaxiques connus à partir d'autres langues indo-européennes (en particulier les langues dites « classiques », sanskrit, latin et grec), et place également cette étude dans une perspective comparatiste, et typologique. Le génitif tokharien est étudié dans ses trois emplois : adnominal, adverbal et régi par une adposition (pré- ou postposition). Le génitif adnominal présente les mêmes valeurs que le génitif reconstruit classiquement pour l'indo-européen ; on met cependant en lumière sa particularité à ne transposer qu'un élément sujet lorsqu'il est génitif de procès, et ses critères de commutation ou de distribution complémentaire avec l'adjectif dérivé. Le génitif adverbal présente des emplois qui sont exprimés dans d’autres langues indo-européennes par le datif, alors que l’inventaire des cas tokhariens ne comporte pas de datif. On envisage donc l’hypothèse d’un syncrétisme entre génitif et datif. L'étude du génitif régi par une adposition met en lumière le fait que, malgré la refonte du système casuel en tokharien, certaines formes adverbiales ou schémas de formation sont hérités. Dans l'ensemble de cette étude, on tient compte des paramètres qui sont propres au tokharien telle l'influence de la syntaxe sanskrite sur celle du tokharien (la plupart des textes bouddhiques étant traduits ou adaptés d’originaux sanskrits)<br>The purpose of this study is the description and classification of the uses of the genitives attested in the Tocharian A and B published texts. A second purpose is comparison : the synchronic description of the genitive (a normative syntax of this case) is compared to the syntax of other Indo-European languages (so-called “classical languages”, such a Sanskrit, Latin and Greek). Three uses of the Tocharian genitive are investigated: the adnominal genitive, the adverbal genitive and the genitive after and adposition (pre- or postposition). The adnominal genitive behaves the same as the (traditionally reconstructed) Indo-European génitive. Nonetheless we emphasize two things : firstly, the Tocharian genitive cannot transpose a verbal phrase [vb + direct object] into a noun phrase. Secondly, very precise criteria rule the competency between genitive and derived adjectives. The uses of the Tocharian adverbal genitive are assumed by the dative in other Indo-European languages. The hypothesis of a syncretism is thus proposed. The study of the genitive after and adposition shows that some adverbial terms or some methods of forming are inherited. In the whole study, one always considers specific parameters of the Tocharian languages, which syntax is widely influenced by Sanskrit, as most part of the Tocharian material is translated from Sanskrit
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Fohlin, Maria. "L'adverbe dérivé modifieur de l'adjectif : Étude comparée du français et du suédois." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2390.
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The present study addresses, in a comparative Swedish-French perspective, the derived adverb and its modification by a following adjective. From a translational point of view, the structure derived adverb + adjective is interesting, since its translation into French is reputed to generate problems. In this study, a linguistic approach is adopted to these translation problems. For the investigation, a corpus of 510 Swedish tokens representing the structure derived adverb + adjective, and their respective translations into French, was compiled. The tokens originate from 22 contemporary Swedish novels. The number of translators represented in the corpus amount to 14. The tokens were classified into two major groups: intensifying adverb + adjective and qualitative adverb + adjective. The former group was further divided into subcategories according to the semantic nature of the adjective from which the adverb is derived. The main objectives of the study are (1) to investigate the solutions adopted by the translators when rendering the construction derived adverb + adjective in French, (2) to analyse the factors − those inherent to the language and those situated on the contextual level − involved in the cases where the original structure is not maintained in the French translations, (3) to show that the solutions adopted by the translators differ according to which semantic category the adverb belongs to − the intensifying group or the qualitative group. Furthermore, the difficulties of making a clear division between intensifying adverbs and qualitative adverbs placed before the adjective are discussed at some length. The results show that when the adverbial element is intensifying, the same structure is more often maintained in the French translations than in those cases where the adjective is modified by a qualitative adverb. The study also demonstrates the great variety of factors involved in the cases where the structure derived adverb + adjective is not maintained in the French translations. These cases may be due to the fact that the equivalent of the Swedish phrase in question would form a non-established unit in French, to the lack of an equivalent adverb in French, to the tendency of the French language to favour nominal constructions, or to individual preferences of the translator.
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NGORAN, LEA. "La polysemie des adjectifs non derives en francais : vers une resolution des ambivalences." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040295.
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Le but de cette these est de determiner, dans le contexte linguistique des adjectifs non derives, les indices susceptibl es qui permettent de selectionner le sens vise par le locuteur. Elle comprend donc une presentation des adjectifs non derives dans l'optique de la reconnaissance de toutes les structures pouvant intervenir dans la levee des ambivalences. Puis, elle aborde le probleme de la polysemie a travers l'analyse des facteurs de changement semantique, en general, et de ceux des adjectifs non derives en particulier. Le troisieme et le quatrieme chapitre sont axes sur son fonctionnem ent : le premier est une analyse critique des criteres de polysemie et le second, un essai sur la hierarchisation des sememes. Enfin, les deux derniers chapitres sont consacres a la resolution des ambivalences<br>This thesis aims at determining winthin the linguistic context of non derivative adjectives, signs which help to identif y the though of the speaker. It's composed of an introduction of non-derivative adjectives within the framework of recognising all the structures which are likely to be employed to elucidate the ambivalences. Furthermore, it deals with the problem of polysemy through the analysis of the factors of semantic changes in general and of non-derived in partic ular. The third and fourth chapters deal with its fonction : the first chapter is a critical analysis of the polysemy criteria while the second chapter using the latter criteria attemps to classify the various meanings of the same nonderivative adjective. Finally, the last two chapters are devoted to the resolution of the ambivalences
Books on the topic "Derived adjective"
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Saugera, Valérie. Adjectival Anglicisms in the Plural. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625542.003.0006.
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When adjectives of English origin are pluralized in French, they follow one of three patterns: they receive inflection, they reject inflection, or they occur in both inflected and uninflected forms. This chapter reveals that although uninflected and variable adjectives do violate the standard native rule of adjective agreement, the constraints that block inflection are French-derived. A second feature of these adjectival Anglicisms is that their nominal counterpart, if it exists, always receives native inflection (des jeans baggy vs. des baggys). It is proposed that the difference in word class, and specifically the feature of grammatical gender, accounts for the contrastive behavior.
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Allen, Danielle. The Origins of Political Philosophy. Edited by George Klosko. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.003.0006.
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“Political philosophy” betrays by its name that its origins lie in Greece. Both words, “political,” and “philosophy,” derive from ancient Greek. “Philosophy” comes from philia (“love”) and sophia (“wisdom”) which, taken together, indicate the love of wisdom. “Political” derives from the adjective politikos, which means “belonging or pertaining to the polis.” Typically translated as city or city state, a polis was distinguished from other types of community by the presence of distinct activities, among them commercial exchange, judicial proceedings, and public deliberation. The Greek urban settlements that came to be called poleis date to some time around 1000 bce; they were generally built around an agora or marketplace. We might identify the origins of political philosophy as lying in the conversion of traditions of wisdom literature, under the pressure of the needs of democracy, into analytical accounts of politics that relied increasingly on an abstract and systematic conceptual vocabulary. This article looks at how Greek political thinkers such as Herodotus, Solon, Thucydides, Gorgias, and Lysias contributed to the birth of political philosophy.
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Glanville, Peter John. Reflexive marking. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792734.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 examines the semantics of Arabic reflexive verbs formed in pattern VII, which produces anticausative verbs, and pattern VIII, associated with the middle voice. It argues that these patterns result from the conversion of full reflexive pronouns into reflexive affixes, and considers the difference between them in the framework of an agency continuum. It then offers an analysis of reflexive verbs that do not participate in a verb alternation. The chapter argues that once a reflexive verb pattern comes about due to affixation, it becomes a morpheme paired with a reflexive semantic structure, and is then no longer restricted to producing verbs that alternate with an unmarked base verb. The chapter shows that verbs marked with this morpheme may be derived from a variety of base nouns and adjectives, or may not be derived at all, but simply marked because they construe a reflexive action.
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Glass, Richard M. Eponyms. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jama/9780195176339.003.0016.
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Eponyms are names or phrases derived from or including the name of a person or place. These terms are used in a descriptive or adjectival sense1 in medical and scientific writing to describe entities such as diseases, syndromes, signs, tests, methods, and procedures. These eponymous terms should be distinguished from true possessives (eg, Homer’s Iliad). Medical eponyms are numerous (a website devoted to medical eponyms lists more than 7000), are frequently used in medical publications, and are treated in dictionaries of eponyms covering general medicine3 and some specialties, eg, neurology. Eponyms historically have indicated the name of the describer or presumptive discoverer of the disease (eg, Alzheimer disease) or sign (eg, Murphy sign), the name of a person or kindred found to have the disease described (eg, Christmas disease), or, when based on the name of a place (technically, toponyms), the geographic location in which the disease was found to occur (eg, Lyme disease)...
Book chapters on the topic "Derived adjective"
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Balogh, Kata, and Rainer Osswald. "A Frame-Based Analysis of Verbal Particles in Hungarian." In Language, Cognition, and Mind. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50200-3_11.
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AbstractThe verbal particle in Hungarian raises a number of intriguing issues for any theory of the syntax-semantics interface. In this article, we aim at a formal account of the semantic contribution of various verbal particles in Hungarian and we show how the semantic representation of the clause can be compositionally derived. We will concentrate on the four frequent particles meg-, le-, el- and fel-. Our approach makes use of a formalized version of Role and Reference Grammar and the framework of decompositional frame semantics. In particular, we give a formal representation of the boundary-setting function of the verbal particle in terms of decompositional frames which builds on a scalar change analysis. We furthermore analyze the interaction of the particle with resultative adjectives and provide a formal model of how their syntactic representations drive their frame-semantic composition.
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Löwenadler, John. "Relative Acceptability of Missing Adjective Forms in Swedish." In Defective Paradigms. British Academy, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264607.003.0005.
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This chapter discusses the implications of an acceptability test designed to evaluate the Swedish native speakers's reluctance to form the neuter gender of certain adjectives such as the defective adjectives. This chapter provides some observations related to the Löwenadler paper. While the paper focused on the certain Swedish adjective forms which are regarded as ungrammatical by most Swedish speakers, the present chapter places emphasis on the actual evaluation of the logically possible yet unacceptable neuter alternatives. To provide a better understanding of the reluctance of speakers to use neuter gender, the chapter provides some additional factors aside from the inflectional process that define the judgements derived from the acceptability test.
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Treiman, Rebecca. "Inflected and Derived Words." In Beginning to Spell. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062199.003.0013.
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In this chapter, I discuss the first graders’ spellings of inflected and derived words. The children in this study often misspelled inflected words (Chapter 2). One type of error that has already been documented is the omission of inflectional endings like the /s/ of books (Chapter 8). This chapter considers the children’s spellings of inflected and derived words in more detail. Before beginning the discussion, some definitions and examples are in order. In English, inflections are added to the ends of words to mark such things as tense and number. For example, helped contains the verb stem help plus the past tense inflectional suffix. I refer to the past tense suffix as -D. Helped contains two morphemes or units of meaning, help and -D. The inflected word books also contains two morphemes, the stem book and the plural suffix -Z. As these examples show, the addition of an inflectional suffix does not change a word’s part of speech. Derivations differ in several ways from inflections. For one thing, English derivational morphemes may be either prefixes or suffixes. One derivational prefix is re-, which may be added to the verb read to form reread. Derivational suffixes include -ion and -ly. Unlike inflections, derivations may change a word’s part of speech. For example, the noun vacation is derived from the verb vacate by the addition of-ion; the adjective facial is derived from the noun face by the addition of -ial. The relation in meaning between a stem and a derived form is often less transparent than the relation in meaning between a stem and an inflected form. For instance, one cannot predict the full meaning of vacation from the meaning of its parts. As discussed in Chapter 1, the spellings of inflected and derived words in English often represent the words’ morphemic forms rather than their phonemic forms. For example, the past tense suffix is /t/ in words like helped, whose stem ends with a voiceless consonant, but /d/ in words like cleaned, whose stem ends with a voiced consonant. The phonemic forms of stems, too, sometimes change when inflectional or derivational morphemes are added.
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Xu, Zheng, Mark Aronoff, and Frank Anshen. "Deponency in Latin*." In Deponency and Morphological Mismatches. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264102.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses an analysis of Latin deponents using two perspectives: a syntactico-semantic perspective and a morphological analysis. It shows that several factors play a role in predicting whether a verb in Latin may be deponent or not. Semantically, Latin deponent verbs have been determined not to take physically affected objects. The chapter also notes that a Latin verb derived from a noun or adjective tends to be deponent if its meaning is non-causative.
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Bauer, Laurie, Rochelle Lieber, and Ingo Plag. "Derived adjectives." In The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198747062.003.0014.
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Gutzmann, Daniel. "Expressive intensifier." In The Grammar of Expressivity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812128.003.0005.
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Expressive intensifiers (EIs) are a special class of degree expressions found in informal variants of German. They are distinguished from ordinary degree intensifiers like ‘very’ by several special semantic and syntactic properties. Most importantly EIs can appear in what is called the external degree modification construction (EDCs), in which the EI precedes the determiner, but still intensifies an adjective or noun inside the determiner phrase. The main analysis of this EDC is that they are derived via movement, which in turn is triggered by an uninterpretable expressivity feature in D, which attracts the intensifier in order to establish an agreement relation. This also provides a possibility to analyse the form-meaning mismatches that can be observed with EDCs. The upshot of this chapter for the hypothesis of expressive syntax is that expressivity as a syntactic feature can trigger movement.
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Wolfsdorf, David Conan. "Adjectival Nominalization." In On Goodness. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190688509.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 focuses on the semantics and metaphysical implications of the semantics of the adjectival nominalization “goodness.” Adjectival nominalizations of the form “F-ness” are almost always mass nouns. The mass noun “goodness” derives gradability of a kind from the gradable adjective that it incorporates. So “goodness” is a gradable adjectival nominalization. Mass nouns are distinguished from count nouns on the basis of two semantic properties, called “semantic cumulativity” and “semantic divisibility.” The denotations of mass nouns are then interpreted in terms of the mereological structure of a join semi-lattice. The denotation of gradable mass nouns incorporate scalar as well as mereological structure. In the case of “goodness,” the elements at the base of the lattice structure are instances of goodness. An instance of goodness is a so-called qua quantitative trope, precisely one degree of purpose serving qua exceeding a second degree of purpose serving, where the latter is a standard of comparison.
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Graham, Florence Lydia. "Adjectives and Adverbs." In Turkisms in South Slavonic Literature. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198857730.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
The fifth chapter focuses on adjectives and adverbs borrowed from Turkish into seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Bosnian and Bulgarian. These turkisms can be derived from Turkish nouns, adjectives, and/or adverbs, and have Slavonic and/or Turkish suffixes. Number and gender agreement are discussed, as are productive and unproductive suffixes and pleonasm.
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Fedele, Francesco G. "Life and Death of Copper Age Monoliths at Ossimo Anvòia (Val Camonica, Italian Central Alps), 3000 BC–AD 1950." In The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724605.003.0019.
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During the third millennium BC a widespread Copper Age ideology manifested itself within and around the Alps in ceremonial sites prominently marked by standing monoliths or orthostats (‘statuemenhirs’). The twin valleys of Valtellina and Val Camonica in Alpine Lombardy provide some of the richest inventories of this ideology. The apparent avoidance of anthropomorphism in the Central Alpine monoliths makes them distinct from those of other areas in the Alps and beyond. Combined with an ignorance or neglect of archaeological context (Fedele 2012), this was a reason why the age of the monoliths long remained problematic. From this shared trait and other inter-valley similarities one can envisage a particular ‘Camunian’ province, this adjective being derived from the Augustan name for the Val Camonica polity, the Camunni. In this province the first statue-menhirs were discovered between 1940 and 1953 and in the adjacent Adige Basin to the east similar monuments had already been known since the late 1800s, although only published from 1925 (Menghin 1925; Pedrotti 1996). However, not until the finding and excavation in 1988 of the site discussed in this article, Anvòia, did anyone think that statue-menhirs and associated sites could have a ‘life’ beyond their original time frame: this latter being the Iron Age, as it was initially thought, or the Copper Age as we know now. The occurrence of whole or partial prehistoric monoliths in re-employed conditions—as roadside blocks; in vineyard walls—was considered banal and thus unimportant in archaeological or historical terms. Anvòia initially, and by the late 1990s two other monolith sites in the Val Camonica, Cemmo and Ossimo Pat, suggested instead that an appraisal of the vicissitudes of statue-menhirs after the Copper Age would be of great interest. The case-study presented here provides a demonstration of such possibilities. To avoid the plethora of designations, the general term ‘monolith’ will be used to indicate any kind of individually placed stone of relatively large size, often upright.
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Jakop, Nataša. "Spelling Adjectives in -ov, -ev, and -in Derived from Proper Names." In Pravopisna stikanja. ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3986/9789610504412_04.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Derived adjective"
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Ih, Jeong-Guon, Su-Won Jang, Cheol-Ho Jeong, Youn-Young Jeung, and Kye-Sup Jun. "A Study on the Sound Quality Evaluation Model of the Air Cleaner." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41115.
Full textAbstract:
In operating the air cleaner for a long time, people in a quiet enclosed space expect calm sound at low operational levels for a routine cleaning of air; in contrast, a powerful, yet not-annoying, sound is expected at high operational levels for an immediate cleaning of pollutants. In this context, it is important to evaluate and design the air cleaner noise to satisfy such contradictory expectation from the customers. In this study, a model for evaluating the air cleaner sound quality was developed based on the objective and subjective analyses. Sound signals from various air cleaners were recorded and they were edited by increasing or decreasing the loudness at three wide specific-loudness bands: 20–400 Hz (0–3.8 Bark), 400–1250 Hz (3.8–10 Bark), 1.25k–12.5k Hz bands (10–22.8 Bark). Subjective tests using the edited sounds were conducted by the semantic differential method (SDM) and the method of successive intervals (MSI). SDM test for 7 adjective pairs was conducted to find the relation between subjective feeling and frequency bands. Two major feelings, performance and annoyance, were factored out from the principal component analysis. We found that the performance feeling was related to both low and high frequency bands; whereas the annoyance feeling was related to high frequency bands. MSI test using the 7 scales was conducted to derive the sound quality index to express the severity of each perceptive descriptor. Annoyance and performance indices of air cleaners were modeled from the subjective responses of the juries and the measured sound quality metrics: loudness, sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength. Multiple regression method was employed to generate sound quality evaluation models. Using the developed indices, sound quality of the measured data were evaluated and compared with the subjective data. The difference between predicted and tested scores was less than 0.5 point.