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Journal articles on the topic 'Desalination brine discharge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zineb Chari, Essediya Cherkaoui, Mohamed Khamar, and Abderrahman Nounah. "Desalination Brine Discharge in Morocco." Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 7, no. 3 (2025): 166–77. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i3.8056.

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Seawater desalination has been considered an important solution for water scarcity in coastal areas. Morocco, with its 3,500 km long coastline, has seen significant growth in population and industrial activities in recent years. The dams that supply water to most regions of Morocco have faced periods of drought. This led the government to start a large-scale seawater desalination project that shall produce over 2 MM m3/year. The most common environmental impact associated with desalination plants is the high concentration brine discharge which can alter the physical, chemical, and biological p

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2

Cao, Dong Mei, Yi Zhang, Yu Shan Zhang, and Chun Juan Gao. "Impact of the Brine Disposal on Scapharca Subcrenata." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.326.

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Desalination of seawater accounts for a worldwide water production. Despite the many benefits the technology has to offer, concerns rise over potential negative impacts on the environment. We studied the effect of brine on scapharca subcrenata exposed to brine discharge from desalination plant. The results show that individuals grew best at temperature from 18°C to 20°C. When the temperature exceeded 20°C, the survival rate of the individuals decreased significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective means of reducing the negative influence of brine discharged on the marine envir

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3

Tu, Weihan, Ya Zhao, Wei Ping Chan, and Grzegorz Lisak. "Sustainable Desalination Waste Brine Management through Electrochemically Supported CO₂mineralization and Multiple Product Recovery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 49 (2024): 3487. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02493487mtgabs.

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Seawater reverse osmosis desalination (SWRO) is a vital technology for low cost and energy requirement water production to ensure regional water security and continued economic development. However, the state-of-the-art technology typically exhibits a recovery rate of around 42% converting in 58% of the seawater input into desalination waste brine which are largely discharged into the sea1. Significant works on brine utilization have shown that SWRO desalination brine can be converted into usable feed for chlor-alkali process with simultaneous carbon capture capabilities2,3,4. In this work, th

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4

Bonnail, Estefanía, Sebastián Vera, and T. Ángel DelValls. "A New Disruptive Technology for Zero-Brine Discharge: Towards a Paradigm Shift." Applied Sciences 13, no. 24 (2023): 13092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132413092.

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The desalination of aquifers and seawaters is a viable choice to meet primarily domestic and industrial global water requirements. It removes salts from seawater to obtain freshwater with sufficient quality for different purposes, as well as a highly salt-concentrated waste stream known as brine. This residue is usually returned to the ocean, provoking, among other impacts, changes in temperature, salinity and oxygen and overall local aquatic ecosystem stress, as well as social rejection. Desalination in inland aquifers is more complicated because brine disposal is complicated or impossible. T

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5

Malfeito, J. J., J. Díaz-Caneja, M. Fariñas, et al. "Brine discharge from the Javea desalination plant." Desalination 185, no. 1-3 (2005): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.05.010.

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6

Singh, Tejvir, Muataz Ali Atieh, Tareq Al-Ansari, Abdul Wahab Mohammad, and Gordon McKay. "The Role of Nanofluids and Renewable Energy in the Development of Sustainable Desalination Systems: A Review." Water 12, no. 7 (2020): 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12072002.

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Desalination accounts for 1% of the total global water consumption and is an energy-intensive process, with the majority of operational expenses attributed to energy consumption. Moreover, at present, a significant portion of the power comes from traditional fossil-fuel-fired power plants and the greenhouse gas emissions associated with power production along with concentrated brine discharge from the process, pose a severe threat to the environment. Due to the dramatic impact of climate change, there is a major opportunity to develop sustainable desalination processes to combat the issues of

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7

Ahmad, Nadeem, and Raouf E. Baddour. "Minimum return dilution method to regulate discharge of brine from desalination plants." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 5 (2014): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2012-0528.

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The mixing zone approach in regulating the discharge of brine and other toxic dense discharges has many limitations when applied in environmentally sensitive areas. A well-defined minimum return dilution is advocated in this study as an alternative method to regulate the disposal of brine and other toxic dense discharges. This study examined experimentally the development and dilution of turbulent vertical dense jets (or fountains) at small Froude numbers. The study complements an earlier larger Froude number investigation. The mean and fluctuating temperature fields were measured with fast re

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8

Alberti, Federica, Nicola Mosto, and Corrado Sommariva. "Salt production from brine of desalination plant discharge." Desalination and Water Treatment 10, no. 1-3 (2009): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2009.825.

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9

Petersen, Karen Lykkebo, Nadine Heck, Borja G. Reguero, Donald Potts, Armen Hovagimian, and Adina Paytan. "Biological and Physical Effects of Brine Discharge from the Carlsbad Desalination Plant and Implications for Future Desalination Plant Constructions." Water 11, no. 2 (2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020208.

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Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination is increasingly used as a technology for addressing shortages of freshwater supply and desalination plants are in operation or being planned world-wide and specifically in California, USA. However, the effects of continuous discharge of high-salinity brine into coastal environments are ill-constrained and in California are an issue of public debate. We collected in situ measurements of water chemistry and biological indicators in coastal waters (up to ~2 km from shore) before and after the newly constructed Carlsbad Desalination Plant (Carlsbad, CA,

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10

Ali, Mohamed E. A. "Nanofiltration Process for Enhanced Treatment of RO Brine Discharge." Membranes 11, no. 3 (2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030212.

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Brine discharge of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants represents a challenge for both inland and coastal desalination plants. Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) can be accomplished by using additional stages of RO, which can recycle that brine water, but the key challenge is the high concentration of divalent salts. These divalent salts (especially calcium and magnesium salts) forms a scaling layer on the RO membrane surfaces and hence shorten the life-time of the membranes. In this study, the nanofiltration (NF) procedure was used to remove divalent ions from the brine discharge to minimize th

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11

Backer, Sumina Namboorimadathil, Ines Bouaziz, Nabeela Kallayi, et al. "Review: Brine Solution: Current Status, Future Management and Technology Development." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (2022): 6752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116752.

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Desalination brine is extremely concentrated saline water; it contains various salts, nutrients, heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microbial contaminants. Conventional disposal of desalination brine has negative impacts on natural and marine ecosystems that increase the levels of toxicity and salinity. These issues demand the development of brine management technologies that can lead to zero liquid discharge. Brine management can be productive by adopting economically feasible methodologies, which enables the recovery of valuable resources like freshwater, minerals, and energy. This revi

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12

Zuo, Jian, Chin Ann Chow, Ludovic F. Dumée, and Antony J. Prince. "A Zero-Brine Discharge Seawater Desalination Using a Pilot-Scale Membrane Distillation System Integrated with Crystallizer." Membranes 12, no. 8 (2022): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080799.

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The management of brines generated from reverse osmosis operation remains a critical challenge requiring new approaches and processes to limit the impact of brine discharge onto ecosystems and to enhance both water and valuable resource recovery. The treatment of real seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brines (45,000 ppm TDS) obtained from a local Singaporean desalination plant with a crystallizer integrated pilot-scale membrane distillation unit (MDC) was studied. Commercial STOMATE® hollow fiber membranes were used in vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) configuration, leading to an average flux

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13

Lee, Wonhyun, and James M. Kaihatu. "EFFECTS OF DESALINATION ON HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS IN PERSIAN GULF." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.3.

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Desalination is a significant source of potable water to the Persian Gulf (simply, the Gulf) region. At present, the Gulf countries are the biggest users of seawater desalination with over 50% of the worldâ€™s installed capacity. While, as ground- and surface water sources may become scarce or endangered in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, water desalination activities are expected to continue growing in quantity and capacity, particularly in the Gulf region. However, it is not yet clear what the environmental effects are of increased brine discharge to the nearshore and offshor

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14

Navarro, Rubén, José L. Sánchez Lizaso, and Iván Sola. "Assessment of Energy Consumption of Brine Discharge from SWRO Plants." Water 15, no. 4 (2023): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040786.

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The San Pedro del Pinatar I and II desalination plants in Spain were constructed near Posidonia oceanica meadows protected at the national and European level. The environmental impact statement for these plants stipulate that the brine discharge from the plant must not impact the meadows. To this end, a 4790 m submerged outfall was constructed to bypass the lower limit of the seagrass meadows, and a diffuser piece, along with an outfall pumping system, was installed at the end of the outfall. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic cost of the energy consumed for the brine disc

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15

Mahendra, Gede Bayu, and Abdul Multi. "PERANCANGAN PLTMH MEMANFAATKAN DISCHARGE POMPA BRINE BLOWDOWN PADA PLTGU." SINUSOIDA 22, no. 2 (2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/s.v22i2.697.

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PLTMH adalah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro yang memanfaatkan energi potensial maupun energi kinetik dari air untuk diubah menjadi energi listrik. Pembuatan PLTMH pada PLTGU Tanjung Priok bertujuan untuk efisiensi serta menciptakan energi terbarukan dari discharge pompa motor Brine Blowdown yang ada pada Desalination Plant. Desalination Plant berfungsi mengubah air laut menjadi air tawar yang nantinya digunakan untuk air penambah pada sistem Steam Turbin, sistem Hidran dan air sealing pada unit Pembangkit. Pemanfaatan potensi energi kinetik, berupa aliran air dari discharge pompa Brine

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16

Bonnail, Estefanía, Yesenia Rojas-Lillo, T. Ángel DelValls, and Edgardo Cruces. "Physicochemical Characterization of Desert Bay with Brine Discharge: A Case Study from Caldera Bay, Northern Chile." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 7 (2025): 1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13071199.

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Seawater desalination is considered the first option to meet the domestic and industrial requirements of freshwater in desert areas, such as the Atacama Desert (Chile). However, its environmental implications remain poorly characterized. This study evaluated the effects of brine discharge from a desalination plant located in Caldera Bay, where fishing and tourism coexist. Sampling was conducted at increasing distances from the outfall to assess physicochemical parameters, sediment metal content, and nutrient concentrations. The results revealed a clear spatial gradient: salinity decreased from

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17

Jirka, Gerhard H. "Improved Discharge Configurations for Brine Effluents from Desalination Plants." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134, no. 1 (2008): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2008)134:1(116).

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18

Mironov, Viktor V., Yuriy A. Ivanyushin, Daniil A. Suglobov, Dmitry V. Mironov, Anastasiya A. Kadyseva, and Evgeniy A. Erofeev. "HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF THE PIPELINE WITH DISPERSED DISCHARGE OF BRINE INTO THE WATER AREA." Architecture, Construction, Transport, no. 1(107) (April 3, 2024): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/2782-232x-2024-1-68-78.

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When producing water using desalination technologies, significant volumes of highly concentrated brines are formed. The solution of the problem of wastes recycling is an important global issue for water protection organizations, and the studies of the last decade confirm this. The article discusses an environmentally friendly method of dispersed uniform brine discharge into the water area, presents the developed technical solution and describes the principle of its operation. As an example, the authors calculate the hole diameters of the distribution pipeline for uniform brine discharge along

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19

Ly, Lyvonne, Ian Fergus, and Steve Page. "CSG water: desalination and the challenge for the CSG industry—developing a holistic CSG brine management solution." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12016.

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The management of brine, generated from the desalination of CSG produced water, is a key challenge for the CSG industry. In many cases, the cost and technical challenges relating to the management of brine has a greater impact on the economic and technical feasibility of desalinating CSG produced water than the desalination plant itself. The challenge is to determine the best solution for brine management, given the high salinity of the brine and limited options available for acceptable disposal. This has driven the need for more sustainable options, including using salt recovery processes to

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20

Safia, Abdelli Islam, Attouti Salima, and Bettaher Ibrahim. "Zero liquid discharge management: optimizing sustainable reverse osmosis desalination practices." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e5930. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-040.

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This study introduces a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) scheme for Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination, integrating ultra-filtration pretreatment and Electrodialysis (ED) for brine concentration. The scheme divides brine reject into fractions, directing them to an electrolyser and evaporator powered by renewable energy sources. Notable findings include the treatment plant's capability to produce 792 cubic meters of fresh water daily, while decreasing salt concentration from 4,660 ppm to 30 ppm, showcasing efficient desalination. Additionally, recycling fractions of RO unit waste to various component

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21

Fernández-Torquemada, Yolanda, José Miguel Gónzalez-Correa, Angel Loya, Luis Miguel Ferrero, Marta Díaz-Valdés, and José Luis Sánchez-Lizaso. "Dispersion of brine discharge from seawater reverse osmosis desalination plants." Desalination and Water Treatment 5, no. 1-3 (2009): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2009.576.

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22

Díaz, Oliver, Elisabet Segredo-Morales, Andrés Figueira, and Enrique González. "Research trends on desalination: zero-liquid discharge of brine (ZLD)." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 273 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2022.28845.

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23

Jin, Yuxiu, Jun Du, Dongqi Gu, Wenwen Yan, Yonggen Sun, and Yongzhi Wang. "Numerical Simulation for Optimization of the Water Intake-Outlet Arrangements for Seawater Desalination Plants Based on MIKE21: A Case Study of Laoshan Bay, Qingdao." Water 15, no. 13 (2023): 2402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15132402.

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The field of seawater desalination faces some challenges. For example, at present, site selection and layout of water intakes and outlets are often not carefully considered. This can easily result in the degradation of water quality due to coastal sea pollution and sudden brine discharge, which can be hazardous and can negatively impact marine development and activities such as aquaculture. By using the MIKE21 numerical simulation software, this paper establishes a two-dimensional mathematical tidal current model of the engineered sea area and a mathematical convection diffusion model after br

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24

Biagini, Brad, Bernie Mack, and Thomas A. Davis. "Zero Discharge Desalination Technology: A High-Recovery Reduction of Brine Disposal for Inland Desalination." IDA Journal of Desalination and Water Reuse 2, no. 3 (2010): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ida.2010.2.3.32.

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25

Aljohani, Naif S., Yasar N. Kavil, Puthuveetil Razak Shanas, et al. "Environmental Impacts of Thermal and Brine Dispersion Using Hydrodynamic Modelling for Yanbu Desalination Plant, on the Eastern Coast of the Red Sea." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (2022): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084389.

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For any coastal desalination plant, the most effective and practical way to dispose of their brine is to thermally discharge it into the sea via outfalls at some distance from the coast. This study focused on the environmental impacts associated with brine and thermal discharge arising from seawater desalination plants at Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, on the southeastern coast of the Red Sea. The impacts associated with recirculation patterns and dispersions were investigated with the calibrated three-dimensional numerical model Delft3d. The environmental impact assessment and the process of identifica

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Chunhui, Li, Pan Xishan, Ke Jie, and Dong Xiaotian. "Comparison of 2D and 3D Models of Salinity Numerical Simulation." Polish Maritime Research 22, s1 (2015): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0028.

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Abstract For the study of the effect of 2D and 3D mathematical model in salinity simulation, with Liuheng island strong brine discharge of seawater desalination project as an example, using 2D and 3D salinity mathematical models of Liuheng island to simulate coastal hydrodynamic environment and salinity distribution before and after the concentrated brine discharge, and analyzed the results. Finally got the applicable scope of the two models, it has an important significance in the study of similar problems.

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Botelho, D. A., M. E. Barry, G. C. Collecutt, J. Brook, and D. Wiltshire. "Linking near- and far-field hydrodynamic models for simulation of desalination plant brine discharges." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 6 (2013): 1194–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.673.

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A desalination plant is proposed to be the major water supply to the Olympic Dam Expansion Mining project. Located in the Upper Spencer Gulf, South Australia, the site was chosen due to the existence of strong currents and their likely advantages in terms of mixing and dilution of discharged return water. A high-resolution hydrodynamic model (Estuary, Lake and Coastal Ocean Model, ELCOM) was constructed and, through a rigorous review process, was shown to reproduce the intricate details of the Spencer Gulf dynamics, including those characterising the discharge site. Notwithstanding this, it wa

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Al-Addous, Mohammad, Mathhar Bdour, Shatha Rabaiah, et al. "Innovations in Solar-Powered Desalination: A Comprehensive Review of Sustainable Solutions for Water Scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region." Water 16, no. 13 (2024): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16131877.

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Water scarcity poses significant challenges in arid regions like the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) due to constant population growth, considering the effects of climate change and water management aspects. The desalination technologies face problems like high energy consumption, high investment costs, and significant environmental impacts by brine discharge. This paper researches the relationships among water scarcity, energy-intensive desalination, and the development of renewable energy in MENA, with a particular focus on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It examines innova

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SirElkhatim, Mustafa. "The Effect of Discharge Rejected Brine into the Surface Water on the coast of Port Sudan city." FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (2020): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v8i2.13.

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The general aim of this study is to focus on the effects of discharge reject brine into the surface water in Port Sudan city. It considers a baseline study in Port Sudan. Three samples of water were taken from sea land lagoon by using TCD (Temperature, Conductivity and Depth) device, and sample from open sea (Abu Hashish). All samples were collected during summer and winter seasons. The results showed a significant increase in salinity 39.13 – 49.86 , 39.91- 47.45 , 38.62 - 38.87 , 38.48 – 39.27 psu respectively, of the surface water when mixed with the discharge reject brine, this will absolu

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Chow, Aaron C., Wilbert Verbruggen, Robin Morelissen, et al. "Numerical Prediction of Background Buildup of Salinity Due to Desalination Brine Discharges into the Northern Arabian Gulf." Water 11, no. 11 (2019): 2284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112284.

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Brine discharges from desalination plants into low-flushing water bodies are challenging from the point of view of dilution, because of the possibility of background buildup effects that decrease the overall achievable dilution. To illustrate the background buildup effect, this paper uses the Arabian (Persian) Gulf, a shallow, reverse tidal estuary with only one outlet available for exchange flow. While desalination does not significantly affect the long-term average Gulf-wide salinity, due to the mitigating effect of the Indian Ocean Surface Water inflow, its resulting elevated salinities, as

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Aljohani, Naif S., Radwan K. Al-Farawati, Ibrahim I. Shabbaj, Bandar A. Al-Mur, Yasar N. Kavil, and Mohamed Abdel Salam. "Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay." Water 13, no. 7 (2021): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13070969.

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Halloysite (HS) nanoclay was used for the environmental treatment of desalination brine water discharge via the adsorptive removal of selected heavy metals ions; zinc, iron, nickel, and copper, as well as salinity. Different techniques were used for the characterization of the HS nanoclay and it was found that HS nanoclay exists as transparent hollow nanotubes with high surface area. The study showed that most of the heavy metal ions could be removed successfully using the HS nanoclay in a few minutes, at normal conditions. The adsorptive removal of zinc, iron, nickel, and copper, as well as s

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Yoon, Sung Jin, and Gyung Soo Park. "Ecotoxicological effects of brine discharge on marine community by seawater desalination." Desalination and Water Treatment 33, no. 1-3 (2011): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2011.2644.

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Memari, Saeed, and Seyed Mostafa Siadatmousavi. "Numerical Modeling of Heat and Brine Discharge Near Qeshm Desalination Plant." International Journal of coastal and offshore engineering 1, no. 4 (2018): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/ijcoe.1.4.27.

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de-la-Ossa-Carretero, J. A., Y. Del-Pilar-Ruso, A. Loya-Fernández, et al. "Response of amphipod assemblages to desalination brine discharge: Impact and recovery." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 172 (April 2016): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.035.

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35

Navarro, Rubén, Adoración Carratalá, and José Luis Sánchez Lizaso. "The Cost of Brine Dilution in the Desalination Plants of Alicante." Water 13, no. 17 (2021): 2386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13172386.

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To reduce the environmental impact of desalination plants, a good dilution of the brine is needed. Brine dilution may be carried out using diffusers, by mixing the concentrate with other effluents, or with seawater bypassing. Seawater bypassing increases the energy consumption of the plant but, thus far, this energy consumption has not been estimated. The environmental impact statement (EIS) of desalination plants in Alicante establishes a system of seawater bypassing for diluting brine and protecting the Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows. The aim of this paper is to quantify the energy cons

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Railsback, Steven F. "Mixing characteristics of submerged and surface wastewater outfalls at McMurdo Station." Polar Record 28, no. 165 (1992): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400013450.

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AbstractThe mixing characteristics of the existing surface wastewater discharge and a proposed submerged wastewater outfall at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, are compared. The wastewater is a combination of sanitary sewage and brine from a desalination plant. Dispersion from a proposed submerged (15 m-deep) outfall was simulated using the CORMIX1 computer model. The mixing characteristics of the surface discharge were estimated from visual observations and a conceptual analysis. The wastewater was found to be less dense than ambient seawater. From the submerged outfall, the effluent is predicted

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Cao, Dong Mei, Yi Zhang, Yu Shan Zhang, and Chun Juan Gao. "Effect of Salinity on the Growth of Clam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.345.

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The brine discharge from the seawater desalination plant will affect the receiving water to some extent in physics, chemistry, biology, and so on, especially harmful to the benthos and marine lives in the adjacent water area. In this paper, the experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different salinities on the growth, survival rates in clam from low-salinity under controllable conditions in laboratory. The results show that individuals grew best at salinity 30 to 35. When the salinity exceeded 40, the survival rate and ILS50 of the individuals decreased significantly. Therefore

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Chen, Xiaoxiao, Zhiying Wu, Dengguo Lai, et al. "Resilient biomass-derived hydrogel with tailored topography for highly efficient and long-term solar evaporation of high-salinity brine." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 43 (2020): 22645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta07040h.

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A sponge-like biomass-derived hydrogel is constructed via a facile and scalable strategy, and exhibits promising applications in solar-driven seawater desalination, zero-liquid discharge and solute recovery.

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Lugo, Abdiel, Carolina Mejía-Saucedo, Punhasa S. Senanayake, et al. "Technical, Economic, Energetic, and Environmental Evaluation of Pretreatment Strategies for Scaling Control in Brackish Water Desalination Brine Treatment." Water 17, no. 5 (2025): 708. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050708.

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Effective pretreatment is essential for achieving long-term stable operation and high water recovery during the desalination of alternative waters. This study developed a process modeling approach for technical, economic, energetic, and environmental assessments of pretreatment technologies to identify the impacts of each technology treating brackish water desalination brine with high scaling propensity. The model simulations evaluated individual pretreatment technologies, including chemical softening (CS), chemical coagulation (CC), electrocoagulation (EC), and ion exchange (IX). In addition,

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Brika, Bashir, Abdul Aziz Omran, and Obiyda Dia Addien. "Chemical elements of brine discharge from operational Tajoura reverse osmosis desalination plant." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 12 (2015): 5345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.1003330.

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Sola, Iván, Yolanda Fernández-Torquemada, Aitor Forcada, et al. "Sustainable desalination: Long-term monitoring of brine discharge in the marine environment." Marine Pollution Bulletin 161 (December 2020): 111813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111813.

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Purnama, Anton, and Dongdong Shao. "Modeling brine discharge dispersion from two adjacent desalination outfalls in coastal waters." Desalination 362 (April 2015): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.02.012.

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Sun, Jian, Kun Yang, Hong Li Wang, and Wei Li. "Numerical Assessment of Environmental Impact of Brine Discharge from a Desalination Plant on Coastal Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 188 (June 2012): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.188.319.

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In North China, water shortage imposes constraint on economic and social development. Seawater desalination provides an effective approach to relieve this disadvantage, while this industry also accompanies with adverse environmental effects. To study the environmental impact of brine discharge from a desalination plant at the planning stage on the west coastal line of the Bohai Bay, the salinity distributions are predicted by using numerical simulation. Monthly variations of salinity distributions are given and the impacted areas are calculated. The results show that the mean area with salinit

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Romo, Sebastian A., Mohammed Elhashimi, Bahman Abbasi, and Jelena Srebric. "Mapping of a Novel Zero-Liquid Discharge Desalination System Based on Humidification–Dehumidification onto the Field of Existing Desalination Technologies." Water 14, no. 17 (2022): 2688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14172688.

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It is well-established that increasing demands for fresh water are paving the way for desalination technologies. However, this correlates with an increase in brine production whose treatment and disposal can be complicated and expensive. This paper presents a thermodynamic model to bound the operation and development of a novel Humidification–Dehumidification-based system featuring Zero-Liquid Discharge and off-grid capabilities. The model employs conservation laws to find feasible state points to meet a baseline operation of 10 kg/h of product water separated from a hypersaline feed stream wi

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Chuersuwan, Saranbhak, Hathairath Techapanyarak, and Nirat Phutadmark. "Water Recovery of brine water treatment from a small-scale desalination system in Nakhon Ratchasima." วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์ประยุกต์ กรมวิทยาศาสตร์บริการ 13, no. 2 (2024): 61–74. https://doi.org/10.60136/bas.v13.2024.1991.

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This study aims to recover water from treating brine water of a small-scale desalination using a solar still. The design focuses on keeping temperatures inside at conditions suitable for water evaporation from the brine water basin. Water vapor rises and condenses into water droplets on the transparent glass cover, moving down the slope into a channel and collecting outside. The solar still is 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 0.5 m (width x depth x height) with a 25-degree slope for a transparent glass cover on top. This slope allows the water droplet to move down without reentering into the brine water basin

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Li, Wei Xing, Jing Huan Ma, Ying Liu, Qing Tong Ren, and Zhan Sheng Ma. "Research Progress on the Reduction and Utilization of RO Concentrated Brine from Desalination Plants." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 1098–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.1098.

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Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an effective method to get fresh water from seawater or brackish water. The uncontrolled discharge of RO concentrated brine can contaminate water aquifers and damage marine ecosystems. The techniques to treat or utilize the rejected brine are the research focus in recent years. This paper tried to give an overview of latest development in this filed in order to provide references for its actual application in large-scale engineering.

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Carpenter, Chris. "Produced-Water Desalination Approach Uses Renewable Thermal Energy." Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, no. 12 (2023): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1223-0088-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 211175, “An Innovative Method of Water Management by Desalinating Produced Water Using Thermal Renewable Energy,” by Sharifa M. Al-Ruheili, Felix Tiefenbacher, and Khansaa H. Almahrami, ARA Petroleum Exploration and Production, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ The operator is adopting a method to manage high-salinity produced water in an environmentally sustainable way by extracting potable water from produced water and reducing discharge water volume by at least 50%. For desalinati

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Gao, Hanhan, Aipeng Jiang, Qiuyun Huang, Yudong Xia, Farong Gao, and Jian Wang. "Mode-Based Analysis and Optimal Operation of MSF Desalination System." Processes 8, no. 7 (2020): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8070794.

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Multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plays an important role in achieving large-scale fresh water driven by thermal energy. In this paper, based on first-principle modeling of a typical multi-stage flash desalination system, the effects of different operational parameters on system performance and operational optimization for cost saving were extensively studied. Firstly, the modelled desalination system was divided into flash chamber modules, brine heater modules, mixed modules and split modules, and based on energy and mass conservation laws the equations were formulated and put together to

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Gao, Hailong, Zhiyong Xiao, Jie Zhang, et al. "Optimization Study on Salinity Gradient Energy Capture from Brine and Dilute Brine." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124643.

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The power conversion of salinity gradient energy (SGE) between concentrated brine from seawater desalination and seawater by reverse electrodialysis (RED) benefits energy conservation and also dilutes the discharge concentration to relieve the damage to coastal ecosystems. However, two key performance indexes of the maximum net power density and energy conversion efficiency for a RED stack harvesting the energy usually cannot reach the optimal simultaneously. Here, an optimization study on the two indexes was implemented to improve the performance of RED in harvesting the energy. A RED model f

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Nikiforakis, I. K., and A. I. Stamou. "Integrated modelling for the discharge of brine from desalination plants into coastal waters." Desalination and Water Treatment 53, no. 12 (2014): 3214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.933629.

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