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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Desalination water'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Gutierrez, Hernandez Lucero, and Garcia Wenny Fernanda Ramirez. "Sustainable System for Water Desalination." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15991.

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Ankarstiftelsen, a non-profit organization with the mission of assuring the access to basic necessities in developing countries, presented a brief for a sustainable water desalination system, to obtain acceptable drinking water, in the region of La Guajira, Colombia.  The main objective of the project is the creation of an initial proposal for a sustainable desalination system using solar energy with a minimal cost of construction.    This project required large amounts of research regarding the principles of desalination and water purification systems. As well as the living conditions, weathe
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2

Mkhize, Mfanafuthi Mthandeni. "Multistage solar still desalination system." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2848.

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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.<br>The present study was centred on the design of a thermal multistage solar still desalination system. The design is a multistage with new configurations such as direct vapour input into each stage using vapour make-up tubes and the integration of a multistage with a basin type solar still. The incorporation of float a valve in the secondary seawater tank to regulate the seawater in the assembly eliminated the need of pumps to the system. The circulation of seawater between the evaporator
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3

Chen, Yuanhong. "Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) desalination of sea water." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60676.

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The distillation of sea water is of importance for the future demands for potable water and other uses in the world. A novel technique, based on electrohydrodynamic (EHD) principles, was used in this realm to desalinate artificial sea water of 3.3% (w/V) concentration. A single point corona electrode was operated at a potential of 5.3 kV (maximum output current 0.3 mA), and was installed one cm over the surface of sea water. The flux of air ions was about 3.0 $ times$ 10$ sp{12}$ cm$ sp{-2}$ s$ sp{-1}$ which produced an average electric wind of 1.72 m s$ sp{-1}$ at the sea water surface. Space
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4

Ahmad, Mansour M. M. "Assessment of freezing desalination technologies." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42635.

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The production of both fresh water and waste streams are progressively increasing over the years due to ongoing population growth coupled with high levels of increase in water consumption. The ongoing growth of human activities, such as industry, recreation, and agriculture, are significantly contributing to the increase in both water demand and severity of degradation of natural water resources. The majority of the industrial wastewaters have a significant impact on the environment; some of which may pose a number of threats to human health and the surrounding environment. Thus, discharge of
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Al-Thani, Faleh N. "Economical desalination processes in Qatar." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14043.

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The limited underground water resources and the dramatic increase of fresh water consumption in Qatar forced the government to seek alternative ways to compensate for the lack of fresh water resources. Unfortunately, most of the currently available alternatives are costly in terms of excessive fuel consumption; also they require large capital investment and high maintenance cost. Such plants currently produce over 98% of the total fresh water in Qatar. This ratio may increase to 100% in the next few years. The main aim of this work is to investigate the most viable water desalination processes
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6

Cohen-Tanugi, David. "Nanoporous graphene as a water desalination membrane." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98743.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 147-162).<br>Desalination is one of the most promising approaches to supply new fresh water in the face of growing water issues. However, commercial reverse osmosis (RO) techniques still suffer from important drawbacks. In order for desalination to live up to the water challenges of this century, a step-change is needed in RO membrane technology. Thanks to significant advances in the field of computa
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7

Dave, Shreya H. "Assessing graphene oxide for water desalination applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107077.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-133).<br>Water desalination plays a critical role in augmenting the fresh water supplies for water scarce regions. However, despite considerable improvements in system efficiencies, it still remains six to ten times more expensive than treating freshwater for drinking. As a result, the construction and operation of a desalination plant places considerable economic burden on the regions that require such an
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8

Park, Gavin Lawrence. "Wind-powered membrane desalination of brackish water." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2532.

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This thesis presents a detailed investigation of the technical feasibility, challenges and performance issues associated with the direct-connection of a wind turbine to a membrane (wind-membrane) system for treating brackish water in remote communities. The direct-connection of these two technologies negates the reliance on energy storage in batteries, which are traditionally used, but result in reduced system efficiency and increased life-cycle costs. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge of the safe operating window in which transient operation of membrane systems is beneficial or tolerable can
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9

Mazlan, Nur Muna. "Forward osmosis for desalination and water recovery." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45550.

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In recent years, there has been an increased interest in forward osmosis (FO) from academic research and industry with a rising number of FO academic publications in the last decade. The common perception of FO as a low energy process compared to reverse osmosis (RO) sparked interest in this area. Nevertheless, there are some major challenges that need to be addressed before FO can be successfully implemented as an effective technology. Some of these challenges are addressed in this dissertation, starting with the assessment of FO as a low energy process. A modelling approach was used to asses
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10

Benson, Michelle Suzanne. "Solar Membrane Pervaporation for Brine Water Desalination." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144232.

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11

Wakter, Simon. "Technological Feasibility of Water Desalination using SMRs." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239617.

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12

Kennedy, Clinton P. "Water Desalination: Arizona, California, Nevada and Mexico." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1223.

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This was a study on the history of the Colorado River, the water challenges of the Lower Basin states and the international water laws that govern the United States and Mexico concerning the Colorado river. The main purpose of this study was to determine possible long-term solutions to the growing water needs of the Lower Basin states and how Mexico could help. After discussing some concerns that the Lower Basin states had, research was done on the different types of desalination. This research included the different methods and their processes. MSF, MED, RO and MVC methods are discussed menti
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13

Gude, Veera Gnaneswar. "Desalination using low grade heat sources." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3296129.

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14

Harrison, Catherine J. "Bench-scale testing of seawater desalination using nanofiltration /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/1433104.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005.<br>"August, 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-84). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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15

Chamier, Jessica. "Composite carbon membranes for the desalination of water." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/353.

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16

Able, Chad. "Supercritical Water Desalination: Thermodynamic Characterization and Economic Analysis." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1591978393019881.

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17

Bentalib, Abdulaziz. "Energy Efficient Water Desalination Based on Faradic Reactions." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1605786789950143.

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18

Caraballo, Ginna. "An Arduino Based Control System for a Brackish Water Desalination Plant." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804931/.

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Water scarcity for agriculture is one of the most important challenges to improve food security worldwide. In this thesis we study the potential to develop a low-cost controller for a small scale brackish desalination plant that consists of proven water treatment technologies, reverse osmosis, cation exchange, and nanofiltration to treat groundwater into two final products: drinking water and irrigation water. The plant is powered by a combination of wind and solar power systems. The low-cost controller uses Arduino Mega, and Arduino DUE, which consist of ATmega2560 and Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Corte
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19

Greco, Francesca. "Design of an innovative wind pile for water desalination." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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L’aumento dei consumi e i mutamenti climatici in atto stanno prosciugando le risorse del pianeta, tra cui le riserve di acqua dolce. Tuttavia, un potenziale enorme è rappresentato dagli oceani, che costituiscono il 97% dell’acqua che ricopre il nostro pianeta. La desalinizzazione dell’acqua di mare è un sistema già diffuso ma, ad oggi, la maggior parte degli impianti sono alimentati da fonti di energia non rinnovabili. Il passaggio a una produzione di acqua dolce sostenibile, seppur necessario, è ancora in fase iniziale. La dissalazione con membrane a osmosi inversa prevede il pompaggio di a
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20

Fellman, Batya A. (Batya Ayala). "Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors for water desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61603.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-72).<br>In capacitive deionization (CDI), salt water is passed through two polarized electrodes, whereby salt is adsorbed onto the electrode surface and removed from the water stream. This approach has received renewed interest for water desalination due to the development of new high-surface area, carbon-based nanomaterials. However, there is limited understanding as to how electrode geometry, surface properties, an
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Stevens, Chad Howard 1980. "Assessment of desalination treatment processes for future water supplies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85745.

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22

Lee, Jongho Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Desalination of water by vapor transport through hydrophobic nanopores." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93862.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 114-132).<br>Although Reverse osmosis (RO) is the state-of-the-art desalination technology, it still suffers from persistent drawbacks including low permeate flux, low selectivity for non-ionic species, and lack of resistance to chlorine. This leaves ample rooms. for further improvement for RO technology by addressing these issues. In this thesis, a new approach is proposed for desalination by vapor-phase trans
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23

Hu, Ruiqi. "Aluminosilicate Nanotubes for Water Desalination: Effects of Functional Groups." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543536995672758.

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24

Harper, Grant. "Biomass-powered zero liquid discharge desalination of brackish water." Thesis, Harper, Grant (2018) Biomass-powered zero liquid discharge desalination of brackish water. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2018. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/44867/.

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Desalination is accepted as being a necessary technology to support the livelihood of communities. However, to prevent the harmful environmental impacts of brine, desalination needs to be designed with zero liquid discharge being the process rather than an afterthought. Existing approaches are often found to be inadequate and significant amounts of research into ways to prevent liquid waste are currently in place. The challenge is that the technology must be able to treat post-RO salinities (usually with high amounts of thermal energy) to be able to overcome the low heat capacities and high bo
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25

Shrivastava, Ishita. "Shallow water outfalls for brine disposal from desalination plants." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121883.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Submerged outfalls consisting of multiple, closely spaced jets are often used to discharge industrial effluents in coastal waterbodies. Examples of such effluents include heated water from thermal power plants, treated wastewater effluent from sewage treatment plants, and reject brine from desalination plants. At locations with shallow water depth, the interaction between adjacent jets is enhanced and
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Kiriarachchi, Hiran D. "Nanostructured Materials for Photocatalysis, Water Treatment and Solar Desalination." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5886.

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Maintaining a constant supply of clean drinking water is among the most pressing global challenges in our time. About one-third of the population is affected by the water scarcity and it can only get worse with climate change, rapid industrialization, and the population growth. Even though nearly 70 percent of the planet is covered by water, the consumable freshwater content is only 2.5 percent of it. Unfortunately, the accessible portion of it is only 1 percent. Even so, most of the freshwater bodies are choked with pollution. Considering the vast availability of saline water on the planet an
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Shafieian, Dastjerdi Abdellah. "A solar‐driven membrane‐based water desalination/purification system." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2323.

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Lack of fresh water has turned into one of the major challenges of the world in the present century. Desalination of brackish or seawater has been proven to be one of the best solutions to cope with this global challenge. Among all the desalination methods, Membrane Distillation (MD) is well known as a cost effective and profitable technology for treating saline water. However, higher energy consumption compared to other separation techniques has been reported as MD’s main drawback. That is why the application of solar energy to provide the thermal energy requirement of MD modules has been the
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Perera, Dehiwalage Harshani Nimalika. "Thin film composite membranes for desalination." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709429.

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29

Yenal, Umur. "MAXIMIZING WATER RECOVERY DURING REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) TREATMENT OF CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT (CAP) WATER." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195247.

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Central Arizona Project water was treated using slow sand filtration (SSF) and reverse osmosis (RO) in series. Additional desalination water was recovered from RO brine using the vibratory shear-enhanced processing (VSEP®; New Logic, Inc.). SSF removed 90% of the turbidity in raw CAP water. SSF decreased total organic carbon by almost 20%. After a little more than a year of continuous operation, performance of the RO system declined noticeably, as indicated by a rapid decrease in membrane permeation coefficient and an increase in salt flux. Foulant scrapings contained both clay material and l
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Niu, Jing. "Desalination of Produced Water via Gas Hydrate Formation and Post Treatment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76822.

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This study presents a two-step desalination process, in which produced water is cleaned by forming gas hydrate in it and subsequently dewatering the hydrate to remove the residual produced water trapped in between the hydrate crystals. All experiments were performed with pressure in the range of 450 to 800psi and temperature in the range of -1 to 1°C using CO? as guest molecule for the hydrate crystals. The experiments were conducted using artificial produced waters containing different amounts of NaCl, CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ at varying temperature (T) and pressure (P). The results are presented as f
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Kalogirou, Soteris A. "The application of solar desalination for water purification in Cyprus." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282712.

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Al, Abdulgader Hasan. "A novel hybrid ion exchange/nanofiltration process for water desalination." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678263.

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33

Han, Le. "Desalination of saline waste water containing organic solute by electrodialysis." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30245/document.

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L'électrodialyse peut être utilisée pour traiter des effluents salins contenant de la matière organique. La compréhension des mécanismes de transfert (eau, ions, espèces organiques) à travers les membranes échangeuses d'ions et particulièrement l'influence de la composition ionique est un point clé vis-à-vis des performances du procédé. L'objectif de cette thèse est l'étude du transfert et la relation avec les performances de dessalement. Les nombres d'hydratation des ions sont tout d'abord calculés à partir des mesures du transfert des ions et de l'eau. Ils sont indépendants du courant et de
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34

Trivedi, Samarth. "Vertically-aligned carbon nanotube membranes for water desalination and ultrafiltration." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2035.

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Even though the earth is 70% covered with water, there is a severe shortage of fresh water. Modern water filtration techniques includes Reverse Osmosis (RO), Forward Osmosis (FO), and Solar Distillation etc. Due to its high separation performance and comparatively low prices, membrane technology is widely applied in many fields such as medical science, environmental science and many more. Despite its benefits such as energy efficiency and high performance, they are susceptible to fouling. Such drawbacks encourage the invention of new type of membranes. There are many research groups who are wo
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MORCIANO, MATTEO. "Solar energy technologies for passive and low-cost water desalination." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2749553.

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Humplik, Thomas. "Investigating the adsorption and transport of water in MFI zeolite pores for water desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62533.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74).<br>The permeability of reverse osmosis membranes is limited by the diffusive transport of water across a non-porous polyamide active layer. Alternatively, fabricating a microporous active layer capable of rejecting salt ions while allowing for water transport would increase the permeability while maintaining high salt rejection. Zeolites provide a model porous network which is capable of performing this type of
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Salih, Hamid Hadi. "Process simulation of an engine driven vapour compression desalination plant." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387146.

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Alwaer, Ayad Almakhzum Mohamed. "A prototype desalination system using solar energy and heat pipe technology." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2455.

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Thesis (DTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.<br>The water desalination process needs large quantities of energy, either directly from fossil fuel or electricity from the national grid. However, these sources of energy significantly contribute to problems such as global warming in addition to creating a drain on the economy, due to their high cost. This dissertation is a description of the research undertaken with the aim of producing a water desalination prototype; a novel approach that was designed using state-of-the-art solar water heating equipmen
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Martinetti, C. Riziero. "Membrane contractor processes for desalination of brackish water reverse osmosis brines /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1455665.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008.<br>"May, 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-38). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2008]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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Zhao, Yu. "Reverse osmosis desalination in a mini renewable energy power supply system." Thesis, Curtin University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2099.

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The design, construction and testing of a reverse-osmosis (PV-RO) desalination system for fresh water shortage area is presented. The system operates from salt water or brackish water and can be embedded in a renewable energy power supply system, since many fresh shortage areas are remote and isolated. Special attention is given to the energy efficiency of small-scale reverse osmosis desalination systems. Limitations of conventional control strategy using toggle control are presented. Based on this, an objective of creating a small-scale reverse osmosis desalination system was set out. Initial
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Mehta, Sahib, and Sahib Mehta. "Thermal Driven Water Treatment Systems for Full Separation of Solute-Water." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621124.

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This work encompasses the study of a novel thermal driven desalination system to accomplish full separation of water and solute. This process advantageous over other process because it involves zero recirculation and zero liquid discharge, thus having minimum environmental impact. Since this system provides full separation, salts and other valuable products can be obtained in addition to pure water. This system can operate at high energy efficiencies using medium temperature heat source like industrial reject or solar cells. This plant consists of two technologies, the full separation and mult
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GOMES, RODRIGO KLIM. "THERMAL DESALINATION AS AN OPTION FOR WATER SUPPLY: A STUDY OF THERMAL DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY AND PRELIMINARY ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19356@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>A dessalinização térmica é uma técnica utilizada em diversas partes do mundo para produção de água. Países como Estados Unidos, Israel, Espanha e Grécia utilizam esse tipo de sistema em grande escala, garantindo um abastecimento constante para alguns pontos de seu território e contribuindo para o aperfeiçoamento dos sistemas de produção. No Brasil, apesar da vasta bacia hidrográfica e da existência de grandes reservatórios subterrâneos, a dessalinização térmica poderia ser vista como alternativa de produção para apoiar o desenvolv
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Zhao, Yu. "Reverse osmosis desalination in a mini renewable energy power supply system." Curtin University of Technology, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18552.

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The design, construction and testing of a reverse-osmosis (PV-RO) desalination system for fresh water shortage area is presented. The system operates from salt water or brackish water and can be embedded in a renewable energy power supply system, since many fresh shortage areas are remote and isolated. Special attention is given to the energy efficiency of small-scale reverse osmosis desalination systems. Limitations of conventional control strategy using toggle control are presented. Based on this, an objective of creating a small-scale reverse osmosis desalination system was set out. Initial
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Yun, Janet H. "Public perception of alternative water sources and water usage : a case study of desalination and recycled Water facilities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115589.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.<br>Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Technology and Policy Program, 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-80).<br>The importance of public acceptance within the decision
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Sassi, Kamal M. "Optimal scheduling, design, operation and control of reverse osmosis desalination : prediction of RO membrane performance under different design and operating conditions, synthesis of RO networks using MINLP optimization framework involving fouling, boron removal, variable seawater temperature and variable fresh water demand." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5671.

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An accurate model for RO process has significant importance in the simulation and optimization proposes. A steady state model of RO process is developed based on solution diffusion theory to describe the permeation through membrane and thin film approach is used to describe the concentration polarization. The model is validated against the operation data reported in the literature. For the sake of clear understanding of the interaction of feed temperature and salinity on the design and operation of RO based desalination systems, simultaneous optimization of design and operation of RO network i
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Zak, Gina Marie. "Thermal desalination : structural optimization and integration in clean power and water." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74955.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-144).<br>A large number of resources are dedicated to seawater desalination and will only grow as world-wide water scarcity increases. In arid areas with high temperature and salinity seawater, thermal desalination and power plants (dual-purpose/co-generation plants) are often employed for the production of power and water. In other areas, reverse osmosis is commonly employed. However, both technologies are inherent
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Leitch, Megan. "Quantitative Structure-Flux Relationships of Membrane Distillation Materials for Water Desalination." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/780.

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Membrane distillation (MD) is an emergent water desalination technology with potential for scalable, sustainable production of fresh water from highly concentrated brines. Wider adoption of MD technology depends upon improvements to process efficiency. In recent years, researchers have published a number of experimental papers seeking to improve mass and heat transport properties of MD membranes. However, an imperfect understanding of how intrinsic membrane geometry affects MD performance limits efforts to optimize membrane structure. The objective of this dissertation is to help elucidate eff
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Chan, Wai-Fong. "Functionalized carbon nanotube thin-film nanocomposite membranes for water desalination applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64372.

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Cost-effective purification and desalination of water is a global challenge. Reverse osmosis (RO), the current method of choice, requires high pressure drops across the membranes in order to achieve acceptably high flow rates. Conventional polymer membranes are limited in their performance by a trade-off between water permeability and water/salt selectivity. Biofilm fouling is another critical problem in RO applications. Recent simulations and experiments suggest that properly functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used to construct RO membranes that have high permeation flux as well as
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49

Bin, Marshad Saud Mohammed H. "Economic evaluation of seawater desalination : a case study analysis of cost of water production from seawater desalination in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2996.

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As a result of the increasing scarcity of freshwater resources worldwide, many countries have resorted to the use of unconventional sources, of which seawater desalination is the most significant, for meeting the supply-demand gap. However, despite the recorded advances in desalination technologies of recent decades, desalination remains a very expensive operation and operators will be greatly assisted if reliable means of predicting the costs are available to aid effective decision making during planning of new plants or the operation of existing plants. To achieve this, it is important to fu
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Jones, Michael A. "Systems Modeling and Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic (PV) Powered Water Pumping Brackish Water Desalination for Agriculture." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4265.

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Global growing demand for agricultural production has put increased pressure on freshwater resources in various global locations. Many areas have saline groundwater resources which have not been utilized for agriculture due to the economics associated with water pumping and desalination. Limited availability to electricity and high operational costs of diesel generators are major obstacles to utilization of these resources. Reduced costs associated with large-scale renewable energy have renewed interest in understanding the potential impacts of developing distributed photovoltaic (PV) powered
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