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Academic literature on the topic 'Descartes, René (1596-1650) – Le monde – Critique et interprétation'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Descartes, René (1596-1650) – Le monde – Critique et interprétation"
Sciaccaluga, Nicoletta. "Potentia naturalis : rôle et disparition d'une notion centrale dans la physique du jeune Descartes." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1507.
Full textMarsan, Eddy. "Etude comparative et critique de l'exigence de systeme chez lulle et descartes." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20021.
Full textThe description of the work of lull and then of the cartesian system reveals that both are upheld by the desire for systematic architectronics. Lull , in the thirth century and descartes in the seventh century attempted to constitue a unique method which would enable the return to the various sciences. Even if descartes, who was familiar with the work of lull, denies any relation between his work and lull's great art, it should, however, be noted that he takes up the lullian idea of total knowledge. Indeed, the french philosopher joins the same neo-platonic filiation as lull and seems only to criticize lull's endeavour severely to dissimulate the relation with his own work. Lull and descartes break with an attitude of contemplation of nature and try to impose systematic knowledge. Lull and descartes do not go against catholic tradition. They lilit thelselves to transcribing the message of tradition in terms of the conquering thought of western christianity. The essential proximity which is revealed between contemporary logic and the lullian and cartesian systems is that of their autonomy. Basing their work on founding intuition and deliberately cutting themselves off reality appear as autonomous attempts: the person who conceives the system provides proof of it, but this proof may be without any value for someone who does no accept the initial postulat which is identified with the founding intuition
Macris-L'Hoest, Marie-Claire. "Descartes opticien : le problème de la réfraction chez Descartes et ses contemporains." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA010252.
Full textOnishi, Yoshitomo. "Volonté et indifférence chez Descartes." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010509.
Full textKambouchner, Denis. "La problématique cartésienne de l'affectivité." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100109.
Full textIn his last published work (the treatise of the passions of the soul), descartes has tackled an "obscure and confused" matter that he had "never studied before". The fact is that the theory of emotions cannot achieve cartesian anthropology without imposing on the assertions of cartesian metaphysics several remarkable complications. In the course of a systematic analysis, organized around the main problems of the theory of passions (their general definition; their psycho-physiological explanation; their classification; their function of "use"; their submission to reason or to will; the relationship between affectivity and morality), one can give clear indication of a stratified structure of cartesian soul, which can be related to the distinction between its proper functions and those which imply its union to the body. The "inferior" functions of the soul, among which the passions take place, are intimately combined with brain functions in a functioning of man which can be qualified as animal. If the soul as "reasonable" can regard itself as exterior to this functioning, it appears nevertheless much more necessary. To the soul's life than it could seem to be, according to the meditations. The assurance of the "real distinction" between mind and body has therefore to be reinterpreted with respect to these conditions
Beveraggi, Hervé. "La liberté spéculative chez Descartes et Spinoza." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10068.
Full textThe problem of freedom of thought in general, and more particulary in front of truth, which can be called speculative truth, does not find a satisfying explanation with descartes and spinoza, the representatives of the efforts from reasoning reason to include the problem of freedom of thought in a system of rationality. Both philosophers include it inside different ontologies, confront it to theories of truth which are different as well. For, speculative truth indeed, manifests itself in front of the couple truth - error : falsehood prevents it, it a source of constraint, truth only provides the highest feeling of freedom for descartes, or is merely synonymous with freedom for spinoza. But, on the other hand, it seems impossible for us to speak about freedom if we connot refuse what is true, if it necessarily asserts itself into us. If descartes manages to safeguard the experience of free - will while affirming the possibility for the individual to think of whatever he wants, and to think whatever he wants about a true idea, it is then at the expenses of contradictions inner to his system as far as the following relationships are concerned : freedom - transparency of thought, freedom - truth, freedom - divine conscience. Spinoza avoids these contradictions by refusing free - will, from the systematic criticism of its foundations, but affirms a free necessity wich is no longer really a freedom, consisting in an inner necessity of the mathematical type, and assigns it in a third genre of knowledge, inaccessible in the end
Gonzalez, Solange. "Le lieu chez Descartes." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040234.
Full textThe noncompletion of Descartes'Regulae and the disappearance of the syntagma of mathesis universalis in later works lead us to believe a self-denial on Descartes behalf wich express itself in his failure to structure reality. To investigate the question of Descartes'locus presumes follow the evolution of his thought and allows a transversal course of his work. The notion of locus permits such a voyage by expressing itself first trough a paradox that leads us to the heart of Descartes' philosophy: we expect to find its definition in the field of physics and we are surprised to know that bodies fill no locus, because they don't move from one locus to another and, more radically, whereas every movement is relative, we can legitimately consider that the same body does and does not move. Such a conception seems not to allow a mathematical physics. Such a failure has also to be connected to an evolution in Cartesian's conceptions improved in the Regulae, especially concerning the part of imagination; The exertion of ingenium nevrtheless supposes the existence of a body that incarnates. So that it is possible to wonder in Which way the world is the locus of God (Eucharisty) as is the body the locus of the soul
Agostini, Siegrid. "Claude Clerselier, editore e traduttore di René Descartes." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE5007.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to give a historic reconstruction of the figure of Claude Clerselier and emphasize not only the role he played in the edition and translation of some works by René Descartes, but also in the defence of the Cartesian theses on the Eucharist. The principal source for the reconstruction of the relationships and debates is constituted by the manuscript n. 366 (Sentimens de Mr Descartes et de ses sectateurs sur le Mystère de l’Eucharistie. Recueil curieux et rare) in town library of Chartres : the documents included in this manuscript are mostly some letters or abstracts of letters written and received by Clerselier between 1654 and 1681. Clerselier is also important because of his activity of editor and translator of Descartes. To outline the portrait of the activity of Clerselier editor I first examined the Préfaces to the edition of the Lettres which constitute some sources, very rich in information; the same Lettres are a very important testimony because from them comes out Clerselier’s willing to celebrate the greatness of Descartes and reconstruct an edifying image of this philosopher. My thesis is made up of two volumes. The volume I contains, after an introduction, four chapters followed by a conclusion, a general chronological table of Clerselier’s correspondence, and a bibliography (some manuscripts, some printed sources and some studies). The volume II contains the transcription of the letters of the manuscript n. 366, according to the alphabetical order of the correspondents (Bertet, Daniel, Denis, Desgabets, Fabri, Malaval, Pastel, Poisson, Terson, Vinot, Viogué)
Delia, Luigi. "La verità filosofica nel pensiero di Descartes : studio storico, critico e semantico." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOL025.
Full textThe question of truth, that is of its research and of the proper experiences that allow to grasp it (the necessity of the method); of its possibility and of its origin; of its characteristics and of the choices that imply it; of its constraining force and of its intellectual formation; of its coherence and of its correspondence; of its univocallity and of its diverse discursive modulation (distinction of the three primitive notions); of the use, last, that we must rightly make of it in light of science’s progress and of human moral development, is not a localised question but indeed transpires through all the Cartesian philosophy project. The defended thesis was fixed around a triple objective: to reconstruct the intellectual context within which is shaped the Cartesian idea of truth; to conduct an enquiry within Descartes’ work, aiming to think over the main interpretative problems linked to this notion; to conduct a lexical study dedicated to the negative register about truth
Wong, Alexandre. "Les figures de la volonté dans la philosophie de Descartes." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010615.
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