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Journal articles on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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de Veer, Elisabeth, and Ann O'Hear. "Gerhard Rohlfs in Yorubaland." History in Africa 21 (1994): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171888.
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Gerhard Rohlfs was born in Vegesack near Bremen in 1831. He was a frequent traveler in Africa, and in 1865-67 he became the first European to travel from north Africa across the Sahara to the west African coast, from Tripoli to Borno, then through Bauchi and Keffi to Loko, thence down the Benue to its confluence with the Niger at Lokoja, which he reached on 28 March 1867. From there, he proceeded upstream along the Niger to Raba, delivering presents to Masaba of Nupe. From Raba, he traveled overland through Yorubaland to Lagos. In 1868 he published an account of the first half of this journey, from north Africa to Borno, in Petermann's Mitteilungen. In 1872 his account of the second half, “Gerhard Rohlfs' Reise durch Nord-Afrika vom Mittelländischen Meere bis zum Busen von Guinea, 1865 bis 1867, 2. Hälfte: von Kuka nach Lagos (Bornu, Bautschi, Saria, Nupe, Yoruba),” also appeared in Petermann's. A later publication, Quer durch Afrika, which appeared in 1874-75, covered the entire journey.Rohlfs' accounts of his travels in west Africa south of the Sahara have up to now been greatly neglected. The works mentioned above have never been published in English translation, which no doubt goes some way to explain this neglect. Rohlfs' information on his stay in Kuka (the capital of Borno) and his visits to Bauchi and Nupe have been cited by some scholars, at least. Very few, however, appear to have consulted his description of the last leg of his 1866-67 journey, in which he proceeded from the Niger south through Yorubaland to Lagos, visiting Share, Ilorin, Iwo, Ibadan, and parts of Ijebuland on the way.
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KAMBALE, SHARAD S., RAJA KULLAYISWAMY, MUDUVADI H. SWAMINATH, and MUNIVENKATAPPA SANJAPPA. "Validation of the name Semecarpus kathalekanensis (Anacardiaceae)." Phytotaxa 247, no. 4 (February 25, 2016): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.4.10.
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During field surveys in Brahmakarmali (North Goa, India) we collected Semecarpus kathalekanensis Dasappa & Swaminath (2000: 78). In order to confirm the identity of the specimens, we examined the protologue and realized that the name Semecarpus kathalekanensis was not validly published, because the authors failed to indicate the herbarium in which the type is conserved (art. 40.7 of the ICN, McNeill et al., 2012). The authors, however, provided a Latin description and indicated a single gathering “10 Jan. 1998, Dasappa 758-WGP” as the holotype. They also cited “Dasappa 1865-WGP” and “Dasappa 1890-WGP” as paratypes. We traced the original material at the Herbarium of Karnataka Forest Department’s Research and Utilization Division, Doresanipalya, Bangalore (Office of the Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Karnataka). So, the name Semecarpus kathalekanensis is validated here by reference to the previously published description by Dasappa & Swaminath (2000) and by indicating the herbarium in which the holotype is conserved.
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Nakládalová, Iveta. "Bestia Triumphans: Enrique Stanko Vráz in Beijing in 1901." Annals of the Náprstek Museum 42, no. 1 (2021): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2021.001.
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This study focuses on a description of the Boxer Rebellion in Beijing, in the first months of 1901, written by E. S. Vraz during his second journey to China. Enrique Stanko Vraz (1860–1932) was a Czech naturalist and explorer, renowned for his travels to Africa, Latin America, and Asia, which he depicted in a series of books addressed to a broader public. His travelogue on Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion is particularly engaging, since it shows the country in the midst of great turmoil and chaos, just after the uprising had reached its climax. It is also extremely interesting from the ethnographical and anthropological perspective, because Vraz not only comments on the activities of the allied forces in China, but he also describes the Chinese people, their customs, Chinese culture and society, and in doing so develops an interpretation of the kingdom, governed by the dichotomy between ‘civilization’ and modernity, on one hand, and ‘barbarism’ and obscurantism, on the other. Vraz’s narrative therefore seems to be inexorably bound to an ethnocentric paradigm, so characteristic of travel writing at the beginning of the 20th century. I argue, however, that this statement is oversimplifying, and that Vraz’s text is self-aware of these antagonisms and therefore defies any straightforward reading.
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Denzer, Wolfgang, Jakob Hallermann, Ulrich Manthey, and Annemarie Ohler. "Lophyrus spinosus C. Duméril & A. Duméril, 1851, a case of mistaken identity." Evolutionary Systematics 4, no. 1 (March 18, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.49023.
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Lophyrus spinosus Duméril & Duméril, 1851 has been considered synonymous with Bronchocela marmorata Gray, 1845 since its original description. The name-bearing type of Lophyrus spinosus is the specimen collected by Hombron and Jacquinot (MNHN 6896) by original designation and the holotype by monotypy of Bronchocela marmorata is the specimen deposited under NHMUK 1946.8.11.16. Accordingly, these two scientific names do not share name-bearing types. Prior to the original descriptions of Lophyrus spinosus and Bronchocela marmorata Hombron & Jacquinot (1843) published a plate depicting Lophyrus spinosus, but only naming the species in French. The nomenclatural implications of this publication are discussed. Our comparison of the holotypes reveals that these two species are not identical. Therefore we resurrect Lophyrus spinosus from its synonymy with Bronchocela marmorata and show that the specimen collected by Hombron and Jacquinot actually belongs to the genus Hypsilurus. Duméril and Duméril (1851) were the first to make the name Lophyrus (= Hypsilurus) spinosus available and the authorship has to be assigned to them. Based on evidence from original travel reports and biogeography we propose that the collection locality of Lophyrus spinosus, i.e. Hypsilurus spinosus Duméril & Duméril (1851), should be corrected to Triton Bay, Kaimana, West Papua, Indonesia.
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van Nes, Rob. "Multiuser-Class Urban Transit Network Design." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1835, no. 1 (January 2003): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1835-04.
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In transit network design it is common to use characteristics of the average traveler to describe travel behavior, while in reality different traveler groups can be distinguished that react differently with respect to transport service quality. A study is conducted of the possible consequences of basing the design of urban transit networks on the preferences of specific traveler groups. To that end, an analytical network optimization model is developed that considers a mix of different traveler groups simultaneously. Results from the analyses show that focusing on specific traveler groups leads to clearly different network design characteristics. However, the optimal network design developed for the average traveler proved to be the best network for all traveler groups. Furthermore, it was found that focusing on traveler groups having good transport alternatives led to very low values of consumer surplus and social welfare. Optimizing transit networks while considering different traveler groups simultaneously results in networks that are similar to those using the traditional single-user-class approach based on the average traveler. Differences in preferences for traveler groups are balanced by the size of the resulting transit patronage. Apparently, a more realistic description of the demand side is not essential for urban transit network design.
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Dawson, Marc H. "The Many Minds of Sir Halford J. Mackinder: Dilemmas of Historical Editing." History in Africa 14 (1987): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171831.
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While doing research in Rhodes House Library I cam across a magnificently detailed description of parts of Kikuyuland in 1899 in the travel notebooks of Sir Halford John Mackinder. In this work Mackinder recounted his expedition's successful effort to be the first recorded group to ascend Mount Kenya. He is also one of the few travelers to leave a detailed account of this area for the nineteenth century. Furthermore, I discovered he had compiled a typescript of his notebooks clearly intended for possible publication. I did not compare the two closely at the time, as I relied on the notebooks, but when the African Studies Association announced a program to publish valuable unpublished primary sources, I immediately thought of Mackinder's work as being an important unpublished source for central Kenyan History. Here I discuss some of the implications of that thought that I have so far discovered.Mackinder (1861–1947) was one of the intellectual founders of modern political geography. He read both natural science and modern history as a student at Christ Church College, Oxford and went on to study law and qualify as a barrister in London. Mackinder also traveled widely in 1885 as part of the Oxford extension movement, lecturing on his ideas concerning a “new geography.” He believed that there was a growing rift between the natural sciences and the humanities and that geography could act as a bridge between the two. Physical geography could aid in understanding and explaining human activities.
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Berry, Charles R. "Travel on the Nicaragua Route in 1865." Journal of Transport History 8, no. 1 (March 1987): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002252668700800105.
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Menz, Mariusz. "Podróże kulturowe krakowskich stańczyków ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem relacji Stanisława Koźmiana." Galicja. Studia i materiały 6 (2020): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/galisim.2020.6.11.
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The 19th century brought a rapid development of tourism, which caused an enormous development of descriptions of journeys, i.e. travel literature. Travels the aim of which was to visit important cultural places (e.g. Greece, Italy, the Holy Land) were an essential element of the upbringing of sons of aristocracy and rich nobility. Such travels could be called cultural ones. The article describes selected accounts from the travels of two members of the “Stańczycy” faction from Cracow, i.e. Stanisław Tarnowski and Stanisław Koźmian in their early lives. The first part presents the journey of twenty-year-old Tarnowski to the Holy Land, together with another subsequent “Stańczycy” member, Ludwik Wodzicki. The journey lasted five months – from November 1857 to April of the following year. The second part of the article is dedicated to the accounts of Koźmian, where he describes his student journey to the Tatra Mountains in 1853 (he was 17 at that time) and another three journeys to the Netherlands, Pest and Prague (in the years 1869–1871). Koźmian’s last accounts conform to the Austro-Polish idea promoted by himself and other “Stańczycy” members.
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Lonergan, David. "Lemuria—Description and Travel." Community & Junior College Libraries 15, no. 3 (July 20, 2009): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02763910902979486.
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BUTLER, LESLIE. "HISTORICIZING AMERICAN TRAVEL, AT HOME AND ABROAD." Modern Intellectual History 8, no. 1 (March 3, 2011): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147924431100014x.
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In the winter of 1859, the Boston poet Julia Ward Howe sailed for Cuba; and in the winter of 1860, Ticknor and Fields published an account of her travel.A Trip to Cubaappeared only months after the same firm had published Richard Henry Dana's story of his “vacation voyage,”To Cuba and Back. These two narratives responded to a burgeoning American interest in the Caribbean island that promised recuperation to American invalids and adventure for military “filibusters.” Howe's narrative demonstrated a self-conscious familiarity with antebellum travel writing more broadly, however, as she playfully resisted yet ultimately upheld various conventions of a genre that had become a staple of the American literary marketplace. “I do not know why all celebrated people who write books of travel begin by describing their days of seasickness,” she noted, before discussing her own shipboard illness. She followed similar cues as she blended elements of autobiography, the social sketch, nature writing, and political and social commentary. Across 250 “sprightly” pages, readers were offered a familiar melange of humorous portraits, detailed descriptions of “foreign” institutions, and extensive commentary on local customs and social mores.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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Walker, Brett L. "William Smith Clark: A Study in Education, Christianity, and American-Japanese Cooperation in the Nineteenth Century." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4640.
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In March, 1990, I was hired to teach English in Japan at a small, private academy in Chitose, Hokkaido. The school was called the Academy of Clark's Spirit. My first day at work I was asked by my boss, Sato Masako: "So Mr. Walker, of course you know who Dr. Clark is?" I told Mr. Sato that I was sorry, but that I did not. "You said in your resume that you are a history student? We named this school after him. He's one of the most important people in Hokkaido's history," he said, looking disappointed. Mr. Sato explained that he wanted me to teach with the spirit of Clark in mind and bring to his classrooms what Clark brought to Hokkaido over a hundred years before. I nodded and asked to see my apartment. I began this study of William Smith Clark after my first stay in Hokkaido. It is the product of my interest in modern Japanese history, particularly Japan's relationship with the United States. The first leg of this project was started in Amherst, Massachusetts, where I met with Dr. John Maki. He directed me through the Clark collection at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. I had several interviews with Maki during the week I was in Massachusetts and was given liberal access to the Clark collection under his influence. The second leg of my study was continued in Sapporo, Hokkaido. I met with Dr. Toshiyuki Akizuki at Hokkaido University and was shown through the Clark collection there. I lived in Hokkaido for about two years and have kept notes on the tribute paid to Clark and visible signs of his impact on the northern island. The focus of this study is to look at Clark's contribution to the development of Hokkaido by detailing his work in education, Christianity, and agriculture. By focusing on Clark's particular contribution to Hokkaido a larger historical trend, that is, the importation of foreign ideas in the history of Meiji Japan, is better understood. ~he results of this study conclude that Clark was an important figure in the history of Hokkaido's settlement, and to the development of nineteenth century Japan.,. ,Clark was also an important figure in the history of the relations between Japan and the United states., It is in lasting institutions like Hokkaido University and the Sapporo Independent Christian Church where Clark's impact is best illustrated. These institutions, particularly the university, were the nerve centers for Hokkaido's development, and Clark planted these seeds of enlightenment, under the direction of the Meiji government, in the fertile northern soil. I have gained a better understanding of Clark's stay in Hokkaido because of this project, but doubt that I could even now satisfy Mr. Sato's insistence that I teach with Clark's spirit. I do understand, however, why it was important to Mr. Sato that I try. Clark's phrase "Boys Be Ambitious" still embodies the spirit of many educators in Hokkaido and his success with Japanese students is one of the better examples of international exchange in any country. Clark is cherished by the people of Hokkaido as the spiritual pioneer of their island even though his stay
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Medawar, Christian. "Mary Edith Durham and the Balkans, 1900-1914." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23726.
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This thesis is an exposition on the British traveller Mary Edith Durham and her various activities in the Balkans from 1900 to 1914. Durham earned a reputation as an ethnographer, traveller, reporter, political activist and relief worker. First, the thesis documents her experiences between 1900-1908 as a traveller in the Balkans. In this period Durham developed a keen interest for the history and cultures of the peoples of the Balkans. She also gained a solid knowledge of Balkan politics and became a familiar face in Montenegro and the Albanian territories of the Ottoman Empire. The study then describes her relief work in Albania and her efforts to lobby for the Albanian cause from 1910 to 1914, when she returned to England.The research consists of both published works and unpublished sources, some of which have not been used for studying Durham. These include Durham's personal manuscripts, correspondence from other personal papers, and documents from the British Foreign Office archives. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Hodges, Clive Philip. "The politics of travel and exploration: with specific reference to Eastern or Chinese Turkestan, 1865-1908." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601345.
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As Russian territorial acquisitions in central Asia posed an ever-increasing threat to India and British strategies to meet this threat vacillated, it was the activities of a small number of adventurers which upheld British interests beyond the frontier and provided intelligence to the authorities. This thesis uniquely considers the Great Game with exploration and travel at its core in order to reveal the significance of such activity in the formation of policy and strategy. It also uncovers the intricate bureaucratic procedures which governed adventurous expeditions and identifies the conceptual frameworks which underpinned these mechanisms. It adds a new perspective to the hi storiography of the Great Game and contributes to the growing interest in the study of travel both in the context of empire and of international relations. A collective consciousness existed in Victorian Britain that exploration and adventurous travel were noble pursuits. This was sustained in the public psyche through the Press and in popular culture. Among the privileged classes, this ethos was nurtured through the public schools and upheld by the elite universities, scienti fic bodies such as the Royal Geographical Society, gentlemen's clubs and in public service both at home and abroad. Across the British Empire, most notably in Africa, exploration was a key constituent of British imperial expansion: in Eastern (or Chinese) Turkestan it provided information useful to the security of existing imperial possessions. All Travel to the region, whether motivated by intelligence gathering, commerce, science or sport, inevitably entailed political implications due to the region's sensitivity. Study of official and private correspondence, learned articles and popular accounts reveals that travel to central Asia was governed by a complex network of government departments, their agencies overseas and by organisations on the fringes of government with commercial or scientific interests. Conflicting interests between these bodies and the individuals who staffed them ensured that procedures for sanctioning travel to the region were seldom straightforward and that opinions concerning its value varied greatly.
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Dömötör, Ildikó. "Gentlewomen in the bush : a historical interpretation of British women's personal narratives in nineteenth-century rural Australia." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5283.
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Patkar, Manjiri. "Virtual imagery in nineteenth century French travel narratives perception and description of architectural space /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2002. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/192.
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Kotzé, Louis Jacobus Daniël. "An investigation into the coverage of diverse forms of tourism in South African travel magazines." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/339.
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There have been several changes in tourism in South Africa since 1994. During apartheid, black people were not allowed to become involved in important aspects of tourism, particularly at management level. However, this situation is changing and all cultures are gradually becoming engaged in th e tourism industry. The economic progress of the black community has resulted in the materialization of cultural villages, tourism projects to give rural people jobs, and an increase in township tourist attractions, heritage tours, etc. These initiatives have led to the establishment of certain types of tourism such as cultural tourism, urban tourism and community-based tourism. It could be said without hesitation, at the prescientific level, that the diversity in cultures, for one, is a major attraction of this country. Another change has been the increase in tourism from countries which have been excluded from South Africa in the past. Examples of these are African countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, as well as countries on other continents, including India, Bangladesh and the East-European bloc. Up to 2003/4, South Africa experienced the longest uninterrupted period of economic growth in its history. This resulted in people being able to afford a higher standard of living and therefore having more money to spend on travelling. as the economic growth stimulated the growth of tourism, both local and foreign, in the country. Seen from the perspective of the tourism industry, it is important to keep the public informed and up to date about what a country has to offer in order to maintain the increase in tourism. The media assist in this process. The travelling public is informed by word of mouth, but also through newspapers, magazines, television and radio. Information about the different attractions, whether cultures, wildlife or sport, et cetera, would not always be easy to find, were it not for the media. As tourism grows, more tourist attractions will develop, with a bigger need for tourists to be informed as an immediate result. The role of the media in this information giving is th erefore constantly on the increase.
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Spyker, Stephen K. "Spirituality and technology on the Appalachian Trail : a study in frontiers." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1290777.
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Haubenstricker, Daniel L. "Images of Madison, Indiana : a method for tourism planning in historic places." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/450105.
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The goal of the thesis is to plan for tourism in a historic community in a manner that would enrich the experiences of its visitors and residents. In order to avoid tourism's undesirable impacts, a method is presented to document residents' and visitors' problems and the improvements they desire, and to describe and compare their images of Madison.Data collection begins with structured interviews followed by a questionnaire distributed to random samples of residents and visitors. The results of the questionnaire analysis establish the residents' and visitors' images. The two images are compared using statistical tests to identify the places with greatest, moderate, and least image differences. Out of the twenty-six places tested, eleven show significant image differences.The image findings are incorporated into the site analysis for tourism. Objectives for tourism are expressed in a concept diagram, and then refined in a conceptual plan. The accompanying recommendations outline policies for proposed facilities, visitor-resident relations, and environmental education.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Diamond, Katherine. "Reducing these loose papers into this order : a bibliographical sociology of the Principall Navigations (1589)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8362.
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This thesis takes the first edition of Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589) as its focus. A significant, sixteenth-century printed text and Richard Hakluyt’s major work, it is familiar to scholars of the period. Its rich archival source has aided understanding of early modern geography, English discovery and cultural encounters. It has also been evaluated in relation to Hakluyt’s substantial contribution to the burgeoning literature of vernacular prose and to imperial expansionism. My thesis conceives a social history of the production, transmission and reception of Principall Navigations from bibliographical analysis, an investigative method that has remained largely untapped. In each chapter, I incorporate information drawn from the material text into an appreciation of historical practice and relocate Principall Navigations more precisely in its socio-historical moment. This engages with and, in some cases, destabilizes current critical positions. In the first chapter, I explore the importance of Hakluyt’s patrons. Francis Walsingham’s essential role is recorded through his connection with the various interdependent networks of people involved in the book’s production and Hakluyt’s description of his ‘prescribed limites’. This chapter re-evaluates authorial subjectivity. In chapter two, Walsingham’s authority over the Queen’s printing house generally and the production of Principall Navigations particularly is traced through the examination of the Stationers’ Company archive and the evolution of the office of the royal printer. This chapter contends that Walsingham commanded the production of Principall Navigations. Chapter three represents a bibliographical study which integrates the production of Principall Navigations into the Queen’s printers’ general work patterns and investigates textual variants and paper-stocks. The date of the interpolation of the Drake leaves is posited with reference to the debate concerning their suppression. The final chapter explores the relationship between early modern readers and empirical records, through historical reading practice, and concludes by evaluating the location of discursive authority.
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Trépanier, Stéphane. "Description de l'incidence et de certains facteurs de risque de la malaria, l'hépatite A, la typhoïde et la shigellose chez les voyageurs québécois." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5963.
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Au Québec, en 2007, plus de 1 384 000 voyages internationaux ont été effectués. Ce nombre est 50 % plus élevé qu'il ne l'était en 2000. Conséquemment, le comité consultatif québécois sur la santé des voyageurs (CCQSV) a émis, comme priorité en 2008, de dresser un portrait actuel de l'épidémiologie et du fardeau lié aux maladies acquises en voyage. OBJECTIFS Décrire l'épidémiologie des 4 maladies à l'étude au Québec, entre 2004 et 2007. Secondairement, comparer certains résultats avec une étude antérieure pour 3 de ces maladies et valider une variable nommée "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" ajoutée au fichier provincial des maladies à déclaration obligatoire (MADO) en 2003. DEVIS : Étude descriptive transversale des cas de fièvre typhoïde, d'hépatite A, de malaria et de shigellose. DONNÉES ET MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les cas des quatre maladies à l'étude, inscrits dans le fichier MADO, entre les années 2004 et 2007, ont été analysés avec l'information disponible dans les enquêtes épidémiologiques. Pour les cas de shigellose, un échantillonnage a eu lieu. Les variables ont été colligées par un seul évaluateur à l'aide d'une grille pré-testée. La qualité des données a été validée par une double collecte et une double saisie. Lorsque possible, les données concernant l'ensemble des voyageurs, et non seulement les cas, ont été tirées des données sur les voyages internationaux de STATISTIQUE CANADA. La sensibilité et la spécificité de la variable "épisode acquis hors Québec" ont été calculées en comparant l'information inscrite au fichier MADO avec celle des questionnaires d'enquête épidémiologique des directions de santé publique, considérés comme l'étalon or. L'étude de Provost et al. (2006) a été utilisée aux fins de comparaisons. RÉSULTATS: La proportion de cas liés aux voyages a été calculée : malaria (78,3 %), fièvre typhoïde (73,4 %), shigellose (50 %) et hépatite A (35,8 %). Le nombre de cas déclarés durant la période varie de 55 cas pour la fièvre typhoïde à 760 cas pour la shigellose. L'incidence annuelle moyenne (par 100 000 personnes) liée aux voyages pour la période 2004-2007 est de 0,59 pour la malaria, 0,13 pour la fièvre typhoïde, 0,49 pour la shigellose et 0,44 pour l'hépatite A. Les immigrants qui retournent visiter la famille et les amis (VFA). sont importants en proportion chez les cas de malaria (52,9 %). Les cas d'hépatite A surviennent davantage durant les voyages de plus de deux semaines (75,6 %). Une proportion importante des cas d'hépatite A provient de l'Afrique (28,3 %). Le sous-continent indien obtient le rapport du nombre de cas sur le nombre de voyages le plus élevé pour la fièvre typhoïde, l'hépatite A et la shigellose. La shigellose se démarque des autres maladies avec une majorité de cas chez les touristes (76,1 %) et les cas surviennent principalement lors de courts séjours d'une semaine ou moins (39,6 %). La variable "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" du fichier MADO présente encore une proportion importante de dossiers ou l'information est inconnue (28,6 %) pour les maladies à l'étude. En excluant les données inconnues, la variable présente une sensibilité de 97,5 % et une spécificité de 98,5 %. Comparativement à la période 2000-2002, la proportion de cas chez les VFA a augmentée pour la malaria et la fièvre typhoïde. La proportion de cas de malaria contractés en Afrique sub-saharienne a aussi augmentée (87,2 % vs 72 % en 2000-2002). CONCLUSIONS Les 4 maladies à l'étude sont encore des maladies fréquentes chez les voyageurs internationaux québécois. Les voyageurs à destination de l'Afrique et du sous-continent indien méritent une attention spéciale, tout particulièrement les voyageurs du type VFA. Les touristes devraient être avisés du risque de shigellose malgré la vaccination contre d'autres maladies. Il est recommandé d'uniformiser le format des questionnaires d'enquête au niveau provincial et de sensibiliser les professionnels à l'importance de saisir le pays d'acquisition au fichier MADO. Malgré l'excellente sensibilité et spécificité de la variable, il est conseillé de l'utiliser avec prudence.
Books on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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Borghero, Francesco. Journal de Francesco Borghero, premier missionnaire du Dahomey, 1861-1865: Sa vie, son journal, 1860-1864, la relation de 1863. Paris: Karthala, 1997.
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E, Janney Caroline, ed. The South as it is: 1865-1866. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010.
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Napoli, Federico, Attilio Brilli, Lucia Bruni, and Lucia Bruni. Firenze 1865: Quattro passi nella capitale. Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana editoriale, 2014.
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Lacerenza, Giancarlo. Il viaggio a Petra di Giammartino Arconati Visconti, 1865. Napoli: Istituto universitario orientale, 1996.
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Goncourt, Edmond de. Notes sur l'Italie (1855-1856). Paris: Editions Desjonquères, 1996.
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Lydia, Lunt, ed. Excursion to Loweswater: A lakeland visit, 1865. London: Macdonald Orbis, 1987.
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Pérez, Marcos Sarmiento. Las Islas Canarias en los textos alemanes (1494-1865). Las Palmas: Anroart Ediciones, 2005.
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Pérez, Marcos Sarmiento. Las Islas Canarias en los textos alemanes (1494-1865). Las Palmas: Anroart Ediciones, 2005.
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Brazil through the eyes of William James: Letters, diaries, and drawings, 1865-1866. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, 2006.
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Law, Olmsted Frederick. The California frontier, 1863-1865. Edited by Ranney Victoria Post. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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Zhiri, Oumelbanine. "Leo Africanus’s Description of Africa." In Travel Knowledge, 258–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62233-7_25.
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Peng, Hui, Dan Tan, Yafei Liu, Xuying Wu, and Wenqing Zhang. "Semantic Description and Discovery for Travel Web Services." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 311–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34240-0_41.
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Dimitroukas, J. "Andreas Libadēnos’ travel to Egypt and Palestine and its description (1325 or 1326)." In East and West, edited by Juan Pedro Monferrer-Sala, Vassilios Christides, and Theodoros Papadopoullos, 277–84. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463216771-021.
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Beinart, William, and Lotte Hughes. "Imperial Travellers." In Environment and Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199260317.003.0010.
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In a global maritime empire, travel was intrinsic. As sailors and slavers, traders and hunters, Europeans traversed colonized space and literacy gave them the power to record what they saw and found. In their mapping and classification of lands and peoples, many of these travellers helped to commodify and package the resources of empire. In their fulsome descriptions of the riches of overseas territories, they made these lands and all that they contained desirable to prospective hunters, settlers, speculators, and administrators. The direct uses that imperial powers made of traveller’s accounts were hinted at in 1887 by British explorer and geologist Joseph Thomson, in a note to the second edition of his best-selling Through Masai Land. “Then [1885] Masai land was for the first time made known to the world; now it has come within the “sphere of British influence”—a delicate way, I suppose, of saying that it now practically forms a part of our imperial possessions.’ In fact British East Africa, of which Maasailand formed a large part, was not established for another eight years, in 1895. But Thomson anticipated accurately: having ‘discovered’ and mapped a direct route from the coast to Lake Victoria, which cut right across Maasailand to Uganda, and described the rich pickings (including fertile land, valuable pastures, water sources, timber, and game animals) that lay along the route, he had paved the way for European trade and takeover. Sir John Kirk, British agent and consul at Zanzibar, wrote that Thomson’s ‘admirable description is the only reliable one we yet possess of the region thus secured to us, if we choose to avail ourselves of the opportunity’. Britain, anxious about Germany’s competitive ambitions, duly took it. From the mid-eighteenth century a particular kind of traveller did more than most to promote the natural potential of empire: those who combined touring with botany and other scientific, or quasi-scientific, enquiries. The avid collection of specimens—from fauna and flora through, in some cases, to human body parts—had become an adjunct to the European adventurer’s taxonomy of the natural world. Since European expansion coincided with the development of print, as illustrated in our chapter on hunting, the production and publication of texts became a by-product of travel.
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Colbert, Benjamin. "Description." In The Routledge Research Companion to Travel Writing, 166–78. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315613710-13.
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"Barlaeus's Description Of The Dutch Colony In Brazil." In Travel Fact and Travel Fiction, 158–69. BRILL, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004247093_013.
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Economides, Anastasios A., and Antonia Kontaratou. "Hotels Pricing at Travel Search Engines." In Transdisciplinary Marketing Concepts and Emergent Methods for Virtual Environments, 295–305. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1861-9.ch020.
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Web 2.0 applications have been increasingly recognized as important information sources for consumers, including the domain of tourism. In the center of the travelers’ interest is the use of these applications in order to compare and choose hotels for their accommodation at various tourism destinations. It is important to investigate the issues related to the presence of the hotels on some of the most dominant tourism search engines and to the prices that they present. This paper compares the search engines and determines whether the cheapest and to the most complete one can be discovered. This paper focuses on analyzing the hotel prices presented on their official websites and on the following eight tourism search engines: Booking.com, Expedia.com, Hotelclub.com, Hotels.com, Orbitz.com, Priceline.com, Travelocity.com, and Venere.com. The data analysis, by the use of the descriptive statistics, showed that only 23% of the hotels examined are found at all the search engines. Furthermore, the price analysis showed that there are differences among the search engines. Although some search engines statistically give lower prices, there is not a single search engine that always gives the lowest price for every hotel.
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Markovits, Stefanie. "E Pluribus Unum." In The Victorian Verse-Novel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198718864.003.0006.
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Chapter 5, “E Pluribus Unum: The American Verse-Novel,” travels across the Atlantic to consider how and why verse-novels, imported and indigenous, garnered such remarkable American popularity, especially in the period of the Civil War and during Reconstruction. Beginning with a description of European verse-novels’ transatlantic journeys, fostered by what Meredith McGill has called an American “culture of reprinting,” the chapter then contemplates the native literary scene, which had borne many successful writers of long narrative verse, including Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Finally, it examines a trio of American verse-novels, all heavily indebted to Aurora Leigh, which exemplify, in variously negotiating that debt, how their poets used the form to navigate the cultural terrain: Josiah Holland’s Kathrina: Her Life and Mine, in a Poem (1867), Lucy Larcom’s An Idyl of Work (1875), and Epes Sargent’s The Woman Who Dared. For these writers, verse-novels promised peculiar purchase on their American publics.
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"No. 25910. International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System. Concluded at Brussels on 14 June 1983." In Treaty Series 1865, 419. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/eaa1f2b2-en-fr.
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Sheppard, W. Anthony. "“Beyond Description”." In Extreme Exoticism, 18–53. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072704.003.0002.
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Chapter one places music in the context of late 19th-century Euro-American japonisme. The focus is on American perceptions of and reactions to Japanese music encountered in Japan in the second half of the 19th century. Sources include published and unpublished correspondence and diaries of Americans (from Salem sailors to scholars to Gilded Age socialites) who traveled to Japan as well as travel books, scholarly journals, newspapers, and novels set in Japan. The chapter presents the earliest songs, musicals, and plays representing Japan and Japanese music to the American public. Bostonian Japanophiles are central as are American music educators who worked in Japan. The context in which Japanese music was first heard in the U.S., particularly at World Expositions, is explored. These early and primarily negative reports indirectly reveal contemporaneous American musical values and unintentionally marked Japanese music as an ideal model for later modernist composers.
Conference papers on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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Lestari, Endang Sri. "Visual Character of the Area Support Corridor: Case Study of the Great Mosque of Palembang." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 6-8 May 2020. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021151n3.
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The aim of this study is to understand what was changed in a Levantine mansion in the Buca district of Izmir, from its construction date to now. Since the construction date is 1876, the study is scoped into a 150 years period in time. The data collection method includes photographic documentation and laser measurements. The evaluation method is comparative analysis to relate the common properties of Levantine houses with the plan typology and the traces in the building. A short periodization and descriptions of each space have been made. The mansion had not experienced radical changes, even if there were handovers in the property ownership. However, it can be analysed by considering small differences. In conclusion, the building is periodized in three-time slices as the 1. Period in the years between 1876 – 1890 / 1895, the 2. Period between 1895 – 1960's and the 3. Period from the 1960s to now.
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Czapla, Zbigniew, and Stanislaw Krawiec. "Travel Time Description for Urban Routes Operated with Electric Buses." In 2020 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scsp49987.2020.9133867.
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Ergül, Emre, and Beste Demircan. "A Levantine Mansion: Buca Guidance Centre for Disabled Students." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 6-8 May 2020. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021137n2.
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The aim of this study is to understand what was changed in a Levantine mansion in the Buca district of Izmir, from its construction date to now. Since the construction date is 1876, the study is scoped into a 150 years period in time. The data collection method includes photographic documentation and laser measurements. The evaluation method is comparative analysis to relate the common properties of Levantine houses with the plan typology and the traces in the building. A short periodization and descriptions of each space have been made. The mansion had not experienced radical changes, even if there were handovers in the property ownership. However, it can be analysed by considering small differences. In conclusion, the building is periodized in three-time slices as the 1. Period in the years between 1876 – 1890 / 1895, the 2. Period between 1895 – 1960's and the 3. Period from the 1960s to now. Keywords: Buca Houses, Levantine House, Levantine Mansions, Levantine Culture, 19. Century Izmir Houses.
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Lee, Kum-Bae, Md Faisal Kader, and Young-Muk Youn. "Numerical Analysis of Automobile Environment During the Cooling Period in Summer." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52344.
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Understanding the temperature and humidity profiles inside a vehicle when the A/C is on during summer is of paramount practical significance to maintain comfortable environment. In this paper, the airflow patterns, temperature and humidity distributions are predicted utilizing a three-dimensional finite volume numerical method and measured experimentally inside the automobile. Numerical analyses of the three-dimensional geometry predict a detailed description of fluid flow patterns. The velocity vectors from the side instrument panel registers impinge on the front occupant’s chest to head then travel forward and finally reach to the rear parcel shelf area. The undesirable returning flow passing by the driver’s head and neck has been observed. The velocity vectors from the central instrument panel registers travel directly to the rear compartment. A recirculation has been observed near the occupant’s knee area of the front compartment and rear compartment. The Temperature comes down to a comfortable range almost linearly at the initial stage. After that no considerable change has been observed. A good agreement has been found between the numerical and experimental results.
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Panova, Elizaveta. "Word-image interaction in the treatise “Voyage en Siberie”." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.14163p.
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“Voyage en Siberie” describes a journey through Russia carried out by Jean Chappe d'Auteroche to observe the passage of Venus across the Sun. Besides the description of this phenomenon the book contains the author’s travel notes and study of the Russian political, historical, geographic and military conditions in the middle of the 18th century. “Voyage en Siberie” was accompanied by the cycle of illustrations performed by Jean-Baptiste Le Prince. As these works were among the first examples of the costume images on the Russian subject, they became crucial in the career of the artist who is considered to be the creator of “Russerie” in French art. This paper discusses the nature of the text and illustrations developing according to the logic of ideas of the Enlightenment. The author intends to show that although Chappe d'Auteroche and Le Prince worked together on the book they had different visions of the problem.
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Panova, Elizaveta. "Word-image interaction in the treatise “Voyage en Siberie”." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.14163p.
Full textAbstract:
“Voyage en Siberie” describes a journey through Russia carried out by Jean Chappe d'Auteroche to observe the passage of Venus across the Sun. Besides the description of this phenomenon the book contains the author’s travel notes and study of the Russian political, historical, geographic and military conditions in the middle of the 18th century. “Voyage en Siberie” was accompanied by the cycle of illustrations performed by Jean-Baptiste Le Prince. As these works were among the first examples of the costume images on the Russian subject, they became crucial in the career of the artist who is considered to be the creator of “Russerie” in French art. This paper discusses the nature of the text and illustrations developing according to the logic of ideas of the Enlightenment. The author intends to show that although Chappe d'Auteroche and Le Prince worked together on the book they had different visions of the problem.
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Renard, Michael, Matthew Anderson, Luke Rose, Murray Johnston, William Walter, and Andrew Kopeikin. "Rapid Configuration and Launch of a UAS Swarm for Post-Nuclear Blast Response." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24207.
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Abstract A multi-disciplinary team of West Point cadets developed an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) swarm to provide automated remote sensing of radiation sources and hazards following a nuclear blast. The swarm employs autonomous and adaptive distributed control algorithms to survey (1) a radiation fallout plume to map its contour, and (2) a road network to visually identify obstacles to ground travel. To effectively conduct these missions USMA designed modifications to a fleet of Tarot 650 drones to interface with an existing swarming infrastructure, and to enable rapid tool-free integration of the required sensor suite. In addition, a rapid deployment launcher was designed to safely transport, power, and remotely launch the UAS from the back of a HMMWV. This paper describes considerations and analyses that supported the integrated mechanical and electrical designs, as well as a description of the resulting product. Flight testing was conducted to demonstrate the functionality of most of the designed components. Following the COVID-19 shutdown, the team pivoted to remote subcomponent testing, and computer simulation to demonstrate the remaining functions.
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Nie, L., D. B. Fei, S. D. Zhou, H. L. Fu, and L. Tong. "Key Issues on Train Line Planning for Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36165.
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The Beijing-Shanghai High speed railway line (Hereinafter referred to as “Jing-Hu HSL”) is one of the most important railway lines in the Chinese rapid passenger transportation network and will be put into operation at the end of 2011. Train line planning directly reflects the quality and competition ability of train services. The characteristics of operational conditions and passenger flow of this corridor HSL bring about a few new issues on train line planning like night train operation, train OD sets, cyclic operation, and train stop schedule. For the first issue, a large amount of long distance travel demand put forward the demand for night services, which causes great conflict with the time-window for maintenance work. The confliction can be solved by harmoniously utilizing the parallel lines. For the second one, in view of the differences of technical and economic factors between HSL and conventional railways, high frequency and medium-long distance train will dominate HSL’s train service plan rather than low frequency and long distance trains on conventional railways. Thus, part of long-distance passenger flow has to transfer at some stations. Considering the whole possible ODs over Jing-Hu HSL and the transfer condition of related stations, the optimal OD sets and corresponding transfer plan is suggested. High frequency makes HSL possible to operate trains cyclically to improve service quality. However, with too many train ODs and some special trains, e.g. night train, an incomplete cyclic train operation mode is more practical. The ODs which can provide cyclic service for Jing-Hu HSL need to be identified. For the last issue, although non-stop long-distance train is a very popular kind of service in China, it should be reconsidered for Jing-Hu HSL line because of massive intercity travel demand and regular stops required. Each of the above issues is very complex. What is more, they have close relationship between each other. Due to limited space, the methods used to solve these issues are given in conceptual way rather than detailed description of mathematical model. The research paves the way for future integration study to design an efficient, economic, convenient, and regular train service plan for Jing-Hu HSL.
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LIÑÁN Ruiz, Roberto José, Fernando J. Berenguer Sempere, José Antonio Vera López, Ana Belén Pabón Dueñas, and Salvador Merino Córdoba. "Methodological application of Location of service Public Bike. Service MUyBICI of Murcia." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.4090.
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The use of non-motorized means of transport such as the bicycle, brings many benefits to the user and for the city in terms of costs and health for the first and decreased environmental pollution for the city. To find the optimal location for placement of the different parties to public bike, aims to attract the usual user and potential, have the feasibility of switching modes without any restrictions, while generating the ability to balance the demands users towards sustainable modes of transport, with special attention to cycling and public bike loan. The implementation of this methodology is performed in the municipality of Murcia (Spain) due to the opening of its public bicycle system MUyBICI which will have 60 benches, with a total of 1,200 posts anchor and put into circulation 600 public bicycles. As selection criteria to be considered for the optimal location of the beds, the existing network of bike paths were considered, roads used by all users of the public highway, a description of travel and a database information with different land uses and socioeconomic data transport areas. In this paper an analysis model and application for optimal design of banking locations for Murcia MUyBICI service occurs. Specifically, they define what are the best locations to attract a larger number of users, in order to achieve a change in the percentage of the modal split of the municipality, increasing the number of users MUyBICI service. This work comes under the direction of the Bicycle Office of Murcia, part of the ALEM (Local Agency for Energy and Environment) service under the Department of Environment of the City of Murcia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4090
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Winter, Amos G. "Stakeholder and Constraint-Driven Innovation of a Novel, Lever-Propelled, All-Terrain Wheelchair." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12588.
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The Leveraged Freedom Chair (LFC) is a low-cost, all-terrain, lever-propelled wheelchair designed primarily for use in developing countries. LFC technology was conceived because 70 percent of wheelchair users in these markets live in rural areas and no currently available mobility aid enables them to travel long distances on rough terrain and maneuver in tight, indoor confines. Because developing world markets impose constraints on cost, durability, and performance, a novel solution was required to satisfy stakeholder requirements. The key innovation behind the LFC is its single speed, variable mechanical advantage lever drivetrain. The user effectively changes gear by shifting his hands along the levers; grasping near the ends increases torque, while grasping near the pivots enables a larger angular displacement with every stroke, which increases speed. The drivetrain is made from low-cost bicycle parts found throughout the developing world, which enables the LFC to be sold for $200 and be repairable anywhere. During three user trials in East Africa, Guatemala, and India, stakeholder feedback was used to refine the chair between trials, resulting in a device 9.1 kg (20 lbs) lighter, 8.9 cm (3.5 in) narrower, and with a center of gravity 12.7 cm (5 in) lower than the first iteration. Survey data substantiated increases in performance after successive iterations. Quantitative biomechanical performance data were also measured during the Guatemala and India trials, which showed the LFC to be 76 percent faster and 41 percent more efficient during a common daily commute, and able to produce 53 percent higher peak propulsion force compared to conventional, pushrim-propelled wheelchairs. The LFC offers comparable performance at less than one-twentieth the cost of off road wheelchairs available in the rich world. Stakeholder feedback and the highly-constrained environment for which the LFC was created drove the technology towards a novel, innovative solution that offers a competitive advantage in both developing and developed markets. The paper concludes with a description of how the LFC is a “constraint-driven innovation.” This idea ties together the theories of “disruptive innovation” and “reverse innovation,” and may be used as a design tool for engineers striving to create technologies that have global impact.
Reports on the topic "Description and travel 1865"
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Freshley, M. D., and M. J. Graham. Estimation of ground-water travel time at the Hanford Site: Description, past work, and future needs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7045828.
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Aromi, J. Daniel, María Paula Bonel, Julián Cristia, Martín Llada, and Luis Palomino. Socioeconomic Status and Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Eight Large Latin American Cities. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003315.
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This study analyzes mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic for eight large Latin American cities. Indicators of mobility by socioeconomic status (SES) are generated by combining georeferenced mobile phone information with granular census data. Before the pandemic, a strong positive association between SES and mobility is documented. With the arrival of the pandemic, in most cases, a negative association between mobility and SES emerges. This new pattern is explained by a notably stronger reduction in mobility by high-SES individuals. A comparison of mobility for SES decile 1 vs decile 10 shows that, on average, the reduction is 75% larger in the case of decile 10. According to estimated lasso models, an indicator of government restrictions provides a parsimonious description of these heterogeneous responses. These estimations point to noticeable similarities in the patterns observed across cities. We also explore how the median distance traveled changed for individuals that travel at least 1 km (the intensive margin). We find that the reduction in mobility in this indicator was larger for high-SES individuals compared to low-SES individuals in six out of eight cities analyzed. The evidence is consistent with asymmetries in the feasibility of working from home and in the ability to smooth consumption under temporary income shocks.