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Journal articles on the topic 'Descriptive observational study'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 25 June 2025

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1

Meena, Dr Brijmohan. "Risk Factor Assessment for Neonatal Jaundice: A Descriptive Observational Study." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 01 (2017): 15523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i1.53.

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Pal Jeyamani S,, Vedha, Asha K Rajan, Swarna Priya Basker, Indhumathi S, and Lavanya R. "Lymphangitis: A Descriptive Observational Case Study." International Journal of ChemTech Research 11, no. 8 (2018): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijctr.2018.110807.

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Khoschnau, Sherwan, Gaby Jabbour, Ammar Al-Hassani, et al. "Traumatic Kidney Injury: An Observational Descriptive Study." Urologia Internationalis 104, no. 1-2 (2019): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000504895.

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Fernandez-Alonso, Victor, M. Nieves Moro-Tejedor, DOMINGO PALACIOS-CEÑA, et al. "Attitudes towards multi-organ donation among intensive care unit nurses in transplant hospitals." International Nursing Review 68, no. 3 (2020): 308–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12639.

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Aim: To evaluate the attitudes towards deceased multi-organ donation and transplantation among nurses within the critical care units of the six public tertiary transplant hospitals in Madrid, Spain. Background: Spain has a rate of 49 donations per million population, whereas Madrid has a lower donation rate of 34.2 per million population. Nurses generate social opinion, and their attitude can be one of the barriers against organ donation. Method: An observational descriptive study was conducted among critical care units’ nurses. The measuring instrument was the Collaborative International Donor Project in Organ Donation and Transplantation. Data were collected from January to October 2019,and a statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of n = 313 questionnaires achieved a response rate of 51%. Of the intensive care unit nurses surveyed, 85% had a favourable opinion towards the donation of their organs being affected by psychosocial variables related to social variables with respectto family, religion and attitude towards the body. Conclusion: The intensive care unit nurses of the Madrid transplant hospitals maintain a favourable attitude towards organ donationand transplantation. It is necessary to implement specialized training and periodically evaluate training in this sector. To maintain andimprove the attitude towards organ donation, family discussion among health personnel should be encouraged. Religion influences theattitude of nurses and donation rates.

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Anjol Kurian, Bittu Babu, Benson Punnoose, et al. "Cisplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: An Observational Descriptive Study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 3585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2515.

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Peripheral neurotoxicity is a major adverse effect of cisplatin chemotherapy. A prospective observational study was conducted among 200 cancer patients who received cisplatin between October 2017 and March 2018 to evaluate the occurrence, causality and severity of cisplatin induced peripheral neuropathy. A suitable data collection form was used to record patient information required for the study. Peripheral neuropathy was assessed using the National Cancer Institute- Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE). As per the results, 19 (9.5%) patients developed peripheral neuropathy after receiving cisplatin therapy. Peripheral neuropathy was reported higher in males (84.2%) compared to females (15.7%) and more within the age group of 58-65 years (38.6%). Most of the patients developed Grade I neuropathy (84.2%), followed by Grade II neuropathy (15.7%). The study concluded that the severity of peripheral neuropathy increases with higher cumulative doses of cisplatin.

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Bellad, MB, K. Srividhya, Kangle Ranjit, and SM Dhaded. "Factors Associated with Perinatal Mortality: A Descriptive Observational Study." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2, no. 1 (2010): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1060.

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ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study was to find out various causes of perinatal mortality and the factors associated with perinatal death. Methods A descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital (Referral hospital at district) attached to Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum. All perinatal deaths during the period between December 2007 to May 2009 were included in the study. Results There were 3904 deliveries and 193 perinatal deaths during the study period. Perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) was 49.4/1000 births. The stillbirth rate was 43/1000 births. Antepartum hemorrhage and severe pre-eclampsia were the common causes of perinatal deaths. Conclusion Antepartum hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension are leading causes of perinatal deaths. Majority of these complications occur in the later part of pregnancy increased vigilance during antenatal care can reduce these deaths.

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Vasas, Lucas, Matthew Mancuso, Brooke Hanson, May Sanaee, and Catherine Flood. "The peri-operative gender clinic: A descriptive observational study." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 45, no. 5 (2023): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2023.03.095.

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Viana Cavalcate Nobre, Rayana, Lauscea Regina Veronezi, Márcia Viviane Nogueira, et al. "MICROFOCUSED ULTRASOUND ASSOCIATION X SCULPTRA A DESCRIPTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY." Health and Society 3, no. 06 (2023): 411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/hs.v3i06.1786.

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The search for a healthier way of aging reflects the growing understanding that longevity alone is not enough. Advances in aesthetic technologies have brought with them the increasing use of ultrasound-emitting equipment to deliver thermal energy not only to the superficial dermis but also to the deep dermal connective tissue. Studying the application of microfocused ultrasound associated with Sculptra® Poly-L-lactic Acid (Galderma - Switzerland) is justifiable, as it directly addresses the growing concerns related to skin aging at all ages. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of microfocused ultrasound and Sculptra® in a case study. Materials and methods: case study that demonstrates a stereophotogrammetric evaluation using the Vectra H2 Software (Canfield – USA) whose clinical case is a facial clinical association of Microfocused Ultrasound with Poly-L-lactic Acid. The case was carried out on patient KBS, brown, 61 years old. The specific combination of Microfocused Ultrasound and Poly-L-lactic Acid, as collagen biostimulators, represents a promising approach in the treatment of sagging. Stereophotogrammetric analysis with 3D Vectra H2 software offers an objective, visually detailed and scientifically validated assessment of the results of this therapeutic combination. The inclusion of measurements both at baseline and 120 and 240 days after treatment allows for a more complete understanding of the results, evolution and durability of effects.

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Alfadli, Mustafa M. "Observational Study on osteoarthritis of the knee." Journal of Medical Science and clinical Research 12, no. 06 (2024): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v12i06.03.

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Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common cause of functional impairment reducing independence in the elderly and increases cost. Aims: To assess factors associated with KOA Settings and Design: demographic and clinical data collected in a questionnaire. Methods and Material: Prospective cross-sectional study was performed over a period of 12 months. Patients attending orthopaedic clinic at Benghazi Medical Centre [BMC] with knee pain were included. Statistical analysis: Data were analysed by SPSS-version 23. Descriptive statistics to present numbers and percentages and Inferential statistics (x2 ) used to find difference in distribution of variables between groups, P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Six Hundred and Sixty-Four (664) patients with KOA were included, 76.7% females and 23.3% males. 78.6% of the females were housewives, 40% of the males were retired, 38.7% of these were heavy labourer. 26.2 % were diabetic, 32.4 % were hypertensive. Bilateral KOA were 40%, 60.1%, and 76.8% in patients aged ≤40, 41-60 years and >60 years respectively. Right knee was involved in (22%) in age group 40-60 years, left knee (38.3%) in age group ≤ 40years (p = 0.0001). Stage 4 KOA and Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 35 km2 (61% in males) and (68% in females) with (p 0.005). Conclusions: Obesity and female gender are significant risk factors for Osteoarthritis of the knee. Age and BMI determine the severity and the bilaterally of KOA. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, knee, Body weight Age ,Occupation, Gender

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Dake, Dr Akshay Dashrathrao, Dr BD Dharmadhikari, and Dr Deepali Amle. "Observational descriptive study of Oupasargic Vyadhi Netrabhishyanda W.S.R. to Conjunctivitis." Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 13, no. 6 (2024): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i6b.15166.

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Jhaveri, J., S. Ghannam, Y. Normatov, et al. "Prospective Observational Longitudinal Descriptive Data: Men's Health Study, Brooklyn, NY." Journal of Men's Health 7, no. 3 (2010): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.182.

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Douw, Gooske, Getty Huisman-de Waal, Arthur R. H. van Zanten, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, and Lisette Schoonhoven. "Surgical ward nurses’ responses to worry: An observational descriptive study." International Journal of Nursing Studies 85 (September 2018): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.05.009.

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Refaat Ahmed, Fatma, Rawia Gamil Abdelhamid, Azza Hamdi El-Soussi, et al. "Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation-physical activities practices: An observational descriptive study." International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 16 (2022): 100429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100429.

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Ekman, Louise, Peter Johnson, and Robert G. Hahn. "Signs of Dehydration after Hip Fracture Surgery: An Observational Descriptive Study." Medicina 56, no. 7 (2020): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56070361.

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Background and Objectives: Dehydration might be an issue after hip fracture surgery, but the optimal tools to identify the dehydrated condition have not been determined. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of elderly postoperative patients who were classified as dehydrated according to the methods used in the clinic. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight patients aged between 65 and 97 (mean, 82) years were studied after being admitted to a geriatric department for rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery. Each patient underwent blood analyses, urine sampling, and clinical examinations. Results: Patients ingested a mean of 1,008 mL (standard deviation, 309 mL) of fluid during their first day at the clinic. Serum osmolality increased significantly with the plasma concentrations of sodium, creatinine, and urea. Seven patients had high serum osmolality (≥300 mosmol/kg) that correlated with the presence of tongue furrows (p < 0.04), poor skin turgor (p < 0.03), and pronounced albuminuria (p < 0.03). Eight patients had concentrated urine (urine-specific gravity ≥ 1.025) that correlated with a low intake of liquid and with a decrease in body weight during the past month of −3.0 kg (25–75 th percentiles, −5.1 to −0.9) versus +0.2 (−1.9 to +2.7) kg (p < 0.04). Conclusions: Renal fluid conservation of water, either in the form of hyperosmolality or concentrated urine, was found in 40% of the patients after hip fracture surgery. Hyperosmolality might not indicate a more severe fluid deficit than is indicated by concentrated urine but suggests an impaired ability to concentrate the urine.

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Betzold, Christine M., Kathleen M. Laughlin, and Carol Shi. "A family practice breastfeeding education pilot program: an observational, descriptive study." International Breastfeeding Journal 2, no. 1 (2007): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4358-2-4.

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Singh, Manjit, Ratheesh Kumar, Vishal Kansal, Anuj Singhal, Amul Kapoor, and Gurpreet Singh. "Young onset coronary artery disease in India: A descriptive observational study." Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 30 (November 2024): 101851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101851.

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dos Santos, Elgison L., Eduardo M. Scheeren, Guilherme N. Nogueira-Neto, Eddy Krueger, Nathalia Peixoto, and Percy Nohama. "Mechanomyography-Based Metric Scale for Spasticity: A Pilot Descriptive Observational Study." Sensors 24, no. 16 (2024): 5276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24165276.

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(1) Background: The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) is commonly used clinically to evaluate spasticity, but its qualitative nature introduces subjectivity. We propose a novel metric scale to quantitatively measure spasticity using mechanomyography (MMG) to mitigate these subjective effects. (2) Methods: The flexor and extensor muscles of knee and elbow joints were assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) during the acquisition of mechanomyography (MMG) data. The median absolute amplitude of the MMG signals was utilized as a key descriptor. An algorithm was developed to normalize the MMG signals to a universal gravitational (G) acceleration scale, aligning them with the limits and range of MAS. (3) Results: We evaluated 34 lower and upper limbs from 22 volunteers (average age 39.91 ± 13.77 years) of both genders. Polynomial regression provided the best fit (R2 = 0.987), with negligible differences (mean of 0.001 G) between the MAS and MMG. We established three numerical sets for the median, minimum, and maximum MMG(G) values corresponding to each MAS range, ensuring consistent alignment of the Modified Ashworth levels with our proposed scale. (4) Conclusions: Muscle spasticity can now be quantitatively and semi-automatically evaluated using our algorithm and instrumentation, enhancing the objectivity and reliability of spasticity assessments.

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Megahed, Abir Farouk, Sara M. Abdel-Gawad, Nour Allah Magdy El-Bahnasawy, and Nagy Sayed-Ahmed. "Ramadan Fasting in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Descriptive Observational Study." Asian Journal of Medicine and Health 21, no. 11 (2023): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i11949.

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Background: According to Islamic rules, a Muslim is requested to abstain from food, water, smoking, medications, and sexual activities from dawn until dusk, every day during the month of Ramadan. While Islam rules allow patients with appreciable illnesses not to fast, many Muslims, with chronic diseases, tend to stick to fasting, even against medical advice. However, there is no consensus among treating physicians regarding the fasting of Ramadan of patients in various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those who insist on fasting regardless of their health problems. Aim of the Work:We aimed to observe the practice of Ramadan fasting of CKD patients of different disease stages and its effect on CKD progression. Methods and Subjects:The study observed sixty-three patients who were followed regularly at the Nephrology Outpatient Clinic in Mansoura Military Hospital, before, during, and after the month of Ramadan during summer in the years 2016-2019 to evaluate the effect of fasting on the patients and their kidneys. The study comprised two groups that comprised fifty fasting patients and thirteen in non -fasting group. Results:The examined CKD patients included 47 males and 16 females who comprised 50 patients who practised fasting and 13 patients who did not fast the months of Ramadan according to their own will. Their ages ranged between 27 and 77 years. Forty-nine patients did not progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), while the remaining fourteen patients ended with dialysis during the study.Neither urea nor creatinine changes had statistically significant differences between patients who had and who had not fasted. In addition, differences in creatinine slope values between those who fasted did not show any statistical significance. Fourteen of the studied patients progressed to the need for dialysis; their mean age was 62 years. Of them, those who fasted included 3 patients of stage 4 and 6 patients of stage 5. Furthermore, the frequency of patients who started dialysis directly after Ramadan (six patients; 66.7%) were lower in the fasting group. Of the studied patients, seven had renal stones and opted to fast. All of them experienced occasional attacks of loin pain that increased during the first two weeks of fasting but decreased in the last two weeks of the month of Ramadan. Conclusion: Compared to non-fasting, Ramadan fasting does not cause a significant extra risk of renal disease progression.

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Mohammad, Aria, Mohammad Mohammad, Leen Doya, and Ali Ibrahim. "Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy in Children: An Observational Descriptive Retrospective Study." International Journal of Medical Science 11, no. 1 (2024): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23939117/ijms-v11i1p106.

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Jamal,, Muhammad Nauman, Ans Hanif, Sameen Saeed, Sidra Shabbir, Ishrat Fatima, and Shah Salman. "Quadriceps Avoidance After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Descriptive Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 10 (2022): 102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610102.

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Background: Quadriceps avoidance is a reflex deficit disorder of quadriceps activation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that can lead to abnormal gait kinematics. It is patient apprehension due to pain, to prevent quadriceps activation that induces deforming forces at the knee joint. Aim: To describe the frequency of ‘quadriceps avoidance’ among patients after total knee arthroplasty. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Methodology: The study sample size comprised of 55 post-TKA patients (Male: 16; Female: 39), who were the ages of 40-80 years. Participants were recruited who had undergone unilateral total knee replacement and attended an outpatient physiotherapy clinic of Ghurki trust teaching hospital and Surgimed hospital Lahore. Participants were undergone ‘quadriceps avoidance gait’ testing at approximately 02 weeks and 01 month postoperatively by using a diagnostic observational questionnaire, designed according to the observational gait analysis. Data was evaluated by using SPSS version 23. All qualitative data was presented in frequency form and quantitative data was in the form of mean±SD. Results: Mean age of patients was 58.98 with range minimum of 40 years to a maximum of 80 years. Out of a sample size of 55, 25 (45.5%) patients were diagnosed with quadriceps avoidance after TKA, 11(20%) were male patients out of 16 and 14 (25.5%) were female patients out of 39 which showed ‘stiff knee gait’ pattern. Conclusion: It was concluded that quadriceps avoidance after total knee arthroplasty was one of major complication of abnormal gait pattern which can lead to knee joint deformities if left uncorrected. Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty, Quadriceps avoidance, Gait kinematics, Gait kinetic

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Farras, Dinta Ayuda, Lintang Dian Saraswati, Praba Ginandjar, and Arie Wuryanto. "RISK OF PRECANCEROUS CERVICAL LESIONS A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY AT SAPURAN HEALTH CENTER, WONOSOBO CITY." Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region 3, no. 1 (2020): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jphtcr.v3i1.8402.

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Cervical cancer is a disease that attacks women caused by Human Paplilloma Virus. Early sign of this cancer is discovery precancerous cervical lesions. Early prevention of knowing the presence of these lesionss is by early detection of the Visual Inspection Acetic Acid (VIA) method. This study was an observational research using case control design. Samples were taken is 126 people, 63 people as total cases and 63 peoples as control. using simple random sampling. Univariate data analyzed and presented in frequency distribution. Characteristics of respondents in this study include the majority of respondents responden were women above 35 years old (60,3%) and low education or lower than 9 years (78,6%). The results showed that 49,2%% had age of first sexual intercourse <20 years, 10,3% had number of sexual partner >1, and 58,3% respondent had ≥3 number of parity. Woman with number of parity ≥3 had precancerous cervical lesionss.

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Tasneem, Hirra, Huda Shahbaz, and Bushra Ali Sherazi. "Pharmacoepidemiology of ascites and associated complications in hospitalized patients: descriptive observational study." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 4, no. 2 (2015): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v4i2.21482.

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Ascites is the pathological accumulation of free fluid in peritoneal cavity. The aim of the present study was to observe the prevalence, clinical management and the assessment of complications associated with ascites in hospitalized patients. A Descriptive Observational Study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. The data was collected on a data collection form containing questions regarding basic patient information, presenting symptoms, clinical management and associated complications. Verbal informed consent was taken and confidentiality was maintained. Pilot study was performed prior to performance of a full-scale research project. The results are expressed in the form of frequency and percentages. A total of fifty (50) ascitic patients were evaluated during two months. It was slightly more common in females (58%) as compared to males (42%). Common causes of Ascites were Liver Cirrhosis (80%), Chronic Renal Failure (10%), Peritoneal Malignancy and Peritoneal Tuberculosis (4%) each and Cardiac Failure (2%). The mainstay for the first line treatment in patients with cirrhosis includes education regarding dietary sodium restriction and oral diuretics. The major complications associated with Ascites were Protein malnutrition (87%), Mental Confusion (73%), Hepatorenal Syndrome (21%) and Spontaneous Bacterial Perotinitis (8%). In most patients ascites was being managed successfully by limiting the salt intake and provision of a diuretic regimen. As, ascites is a starting point for more serious complications; so, its early diagnosis should be ensured. Social media and NGOs should play their role in creating the awareness regarding this deadly disease.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v4i2.21482 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, January 2015, 4(2): 343-346

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Adamu, H., K. Njoku, I. Olajide, W. Ukponu, and M. Niyang. "Antimicrobial resistance pattern across two states in Nigeria – A descriptive/observational study." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 101 (December 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.151.

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Wahezi, Sayed E., Terence Hillery, Rene Przkora, et al. "MRI and Anatomical Determinants Affecting Neuroforaminal Stenosis Evaluation: A Descriptive Observational Study." Journal of Pain Research Volume 15 (May 2022): 1515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s360847.

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Aubourg, Timothée, Jacques Demongeot, Hervé Provost, and Nicolas Vuillerme. "Circadian Rhythms in the Telephone Calls of Older Adults: Observational Descriptive Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 2 (2020): e12452. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12452.

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Background Recent studies have thoughtfully and convincingly demonstrated the possibility of estimating the circadian rhythms of young adults’ social activity by analyzing their telephone call-detail records (CDRs). In the field of health monitoring, this development may offer new opportunities for supervising a patient’s health status by collecting objective, unobtrusive data about their daily social interactions. However, before considering this future perspective, whether and how similar results could be observed in other populations, including older ones, should be established. Objective This study was designed specifically to address the circadian rhythms in the telephone calls of older adults. Methods A longitudinal, 12-month dataset combining CDRs and questionnaire data from 26 volunteers aged 65 years or older was used to examine individual differences in the daily rhythms of telephone call activity. The study used outgoing CDRs only and worked with three specific telecommunication parameters: (1) call recipient (alter), (2) time of day, and (3) call duration. As did the studies involving young adults, we analyzed three issues: (1) the existence of circadian rhythms in the telephone call activity of older adults, (2) their persistence over time, and (3) the alter-specificity of calls by calculating relative entropy. Results We discovered that older adults had their own specific circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity whose salient features and preferences varied across individuals, from morning until night. We demonstrated that rhythms were consistent, as reflected by their persistence over time. Finally, results suggested that the circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity were partly structured by how older adults allocated their communication time across their social network. Conclusions Overall, these results are the first to have demonstrated the existence, persistence, and alter-specificity of the circadian rhythms of the outgoing telephone call activity of older adults. These findings suggest an opportunity to consider modern telephone technologies as potential sensors of daily activity. From a health care perspective, these sensors could be harnessed for unobtrusive monitoring purposes.

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Demirkol, Baris, Celal Satici, Ramazan Eren, et al. "A descriptive analysis of 21 patients with pulmonary amyloidosis: An observational study." Medicine 103, no. 45 (2024): e40535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000040535.

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Pulmonary amyloidosis is an extremely rare disease, often detected incidentally because of its asymptomatic nature and potential to result in fatal outcomes. In this study, we aimed to present the clinical and radiological features of patients diagnosed with pulmonary amyloidosis by biopsy. This descriptive study included 21 patients with pathologically diagnosed pulmonary amyloidosis. Pulmonary amyloidosis was classified as diffuse alveolar-septal amyloidosis (DASA), cystic amyloidosis (CPA), tracheobronchial amyloidosis (TBA), nodular amyloidosis (NPA), and extraparenchymal pulmonary amyloidosis (pleural and mediastinal lymph node). Clinical, bronchoscopic, and radiological specific characteristics were presented in detail to be used for differential diagnosis. The median age of the patients was 63 (40–83) years, and 14 (66.7%) were male. Twenty patients (95.2%) presented with at least 1 comorbidity. All patients diagnosed with tracheobronchial amyloidosis were symptomatic at presentation, whereas those diagnosed with NPA/extraparenchymal amyloidosis were often asymptomatic. The patients included 1 case of DASA, 1 case of CPA, 10 cases of NPA, 6 cases of TBA, and 3 cases of extraparenchymal amyloidosis involving the mediastinal lymph node and pleura. Sixteen patients (76.2%) were classified as localized amyloidosis, while 5 patients (23.8%) were classified as systemic amyloidosis following the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, and B-cell lymphoma. Bronchoscopic biopsies were sufficient for diagnosis, and notably, even transbronchial needle aspiration could be a useful diagnostic method. During the follow-up, we observed that the disease remained stable without progression. However, it is important to note that patients with concurrent malignancies experience fatal outcomes. In conclusion, it is crucial to distinguish pulmonary amyloidosis from other pulmonary diseases such as malignancies, infectious diseases, and interstitial lung diseases, which may have similar clinical and radiological findings. Bronchoscopic diagnostic methods are usually sufficient for the diagnosis. Although patients with pulmonary involvement mostly remain stable during long-term follow-up without progression, it is important to consider the risk of malignancy.

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Kumar, Sushil, Neerja Saraswat, Ajay Chopra, Shekhar Neema, and Parul Kamboj. "Orofacial pigmentary lesions in the pediatric age group: A descriptive observational study." Indian Journal of Paediatric Dermatology 21, no. 2 (2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijpd.ijpd_18_19.

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Nwe, Aung Aung, Nimit Kosura, Chatchai Phimphasak, et al. "Variation of sputum expectoration within day in bronchiectasis: Preliminary observational descriptive study." Journal of Associated Medical Sciences 58, no. 2 (2025): 297–304. https://doi.org/10.12982/jams.2025.064.

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Background: Effective prescription of physical therapy airway clearance (ACT) is crucial for bronchiectasis patients, yet the optimal timing and frequency remain undefined. Understanding sputum expectoration patterns may determine the most suitable times for patients to undergo ACT. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the daily sputum expectoration patterns in patients with bronchiectasis. Materials and methods: Sputum was collected from ten bronchiectasis patients at home over three days, during morning (6 to 9 am), daytime (9 am to 6 pm), and evening (6 to 9 pm) periods. Collected sputum was centrifuged to remove saliva, weighed, and then converted to grams per hour for analysis. Results: A total of 90 sputum containers were collected over three days from 10 patients. Most patients (N=8) expectorated a median (IQR) of 14.34 (7.96, 23.67) gm, showing a higher trend in the morning (2.07 (1.16, 4.03) gm/hr), followed by evening (1.18 (1.86, 1.92) g/hr) with the least during daytime (0.41 (0.32, 0.82) gm/hr). A minority of patients (N=2) with massive sputum production (72 and 63.98 for participant 1 and participant 2 respectively) exhibited the highest rate of expectoration during daytime (5.71 /hr), followed by the evening (3.83 /hr) and morning (1.69 /hr) on average over three days. Conclusion: Most bronchiectasis patients exhibited higher rates of sputum expectoration in the morning and evening. Therefore, it is recommended to administer physical therapy for airway clearance twice daily, in the morning and evening, to prevent accumulation and enhance clearance.

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M. Al-Shamsi, Mohammed, Aqeel R. Al-Barqawi, Asaad Habeeb Abdullah, and Mohammed K. Al-Jelawi. "Venomous snakebites in Diwaniah: A Clinicoepidemiological descriptive study." AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL 10, no. 18 (2017): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.28922/qmj.2014.10.18.112-117.

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Background: venomous snakebite is an important health hazard in this area associated with high mortality.Objectives: exploration of snake envenomation cases in children and adolescents up to the age of 16 years in this city with a focus on clinical and demographic characters and causes of death. Patients and methods: this observational and retrospective study involves 49 cases of venomous snakebites admitted to the teaching hospitals in this city between 2005-2009. Results: the median age of patients was 8 years, 84% of the bites happened during the hot season( May â€“ August), most cases were from rural areas ( 90%) particularly from Albdeer, Shannafiah and Alhaffar. The death rate among the studied patients was 28.6% which was very high in comparison with rates reported elsewhere. Conclusion: There is a need for exploration of the types of venomous snakes in this area and a demand for the availability of species specific antivenom.

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Dharmaratne, A. D. V. Tharkeshi T., Alysha De Livera, Stelios Georgiou, and Stella Stylianou. "Variable selection methods for descriptive modeling." PLOS One 20, no. 6 (2025): e0321601. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321601.

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Variable selection methods are widely used in observational studies. While many penalty-based statistical methods introduced in recent decades have primarily focused on prediction, classical statistical methods remain the standard approach in applied research and education. In this study, we evaluated the variable selection performance of several widely used classical and modern methods for descriptive modeling, using both simulated and real data. A novel aspect of our research is the incorporation of a statistical approach inspired by the supersaturated design-based factor screening method in an observational setting. The methods were evaluated based on Type I and Type II error rates, the average number of predictors selected, variable inclusion frequency, absolute bias, and root mean square error. The detailed results of these evaluations are presented, and the methods’ performance is discussed across various simulation scenarios and in application to real data.

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Araújo, Alexandra Prufer de Queiroz Campos, Paula Assunção Brito Pádua, and Heber Souza Maia Filho. "Management of rheumatic chorea: an observational study." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 60, no. 2A (2002): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2002000200008.

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BACKGROUND: Rheumatic chorea (RC) has recently been linked to an antibody-mediated immune mechanism. OBJECTIVE/METHOD: To verify if this knowledge reflected in management changes we conceived a descriptive study. RESULTS: The medical charts of 20 children (13 females) aged 6 to 12 years (mean 8 years), diagnosed as RC from June 1996 to June 1999, were reviewed. All patients received some medical treatment. Haloperidol was the most prescribed medication (15 patients - 75 %). Sulpiride, diazepam and valproate were also used as symptomatic treatment. Imune-modulating therapy with prednisone was prescribed for seven children. The shortest course of chorea (16 days) occurred in a patient treated with prednisone. CONCLUSION: Prednisone has been prescribed for rheumatic chorea besides the traditional symptomatic approach. A great variety of antichoreic drugs are being employed.

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Feldman, Florencia. "Teen Pregnancy and Situation of the Clinics Hospital of Montevideo Uruguay: Observational Study." Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences 4, no. 1 (2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8965/034.

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Introduction: Adolescence constitutes one of the most important transition stages in life and is characterized by changes representing a stage of vulnerability. Teen pregnancy is one of the most important medical dilemmas, Uruguay considered reducing it in the framework of the "2020 National Health Objectives". Objective: to describe the percentage of births, repetition of pregnancy and Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy (IVE) in the adolescent population using the Montevideo-Uruguay Clinic Hospital between 2009-2017. Material and methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective study. Results: 1,574 births were in adolescents (24.02%). 29.8% occurred in users with previous pregnancies and 19.1% had at least one child alive. 19.18% of the IVE were in adolescents. Discussion and conclusions: There is a stagnation of the percentages of the parameters analyzed in these years. Teen pregnancy and its repetition constitute a failure of health policies in sexual education and it is necessary to increase our efforts to reduce them.

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Pankaj, Kumar, and Kumar Binod. "An Observational Descriptive Assessment of Lipid Profile of Diabetic Patients." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 12, no. 5 (2022): 120–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11821522.

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<strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was the assessment of lipid profiles mainly triglycerides in diabetic patients from Bihar region. <strong>Methods:</strong> This was a cross-sectional study was done in the Department of General medicine, Shri Ramkrishna Institute of Medical Sciences and Sanaka Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, for the period of 1 year. A total of 160 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus within the last 3 months using the ADA (American Diabetes Association) criteria  and  both males and females were include in this study for determine the lipid profile levels. <strong>Results:</strong> According to ATP III classification 68 (42.5%) participants had normal serum triglycerides levels which is <150 mg/dl whereas 112 (57.5%) participants had an abnormal level of serum triglycerides. Among the 112 (57.5) participants with abnormal triglycerides, 32.5% had borderline high levels (150-199mg/dl), 25% had high levels (200-499 mg/dl). In our study, 52.5% participants had low HDL and 47.5% participants had normal HDL. The Gender distribution showed that 32 male participants and 52 female participants had low HDL. In our study, among the 160 participants, 110 (68.75%) participants had desirable total Cholesterol levels of <200mg/dl, 40 (25%) had borderline high levels of 200- 239mg/dl and 10 (6.25%) had high total cholesterol levels of ≥240mg/dl. 20 (12.5%) had high levels of LDL of which 6 were males and 14 were females. 4 (2.5%) participants had very high levels of LDL of which 2 was male and  2 was female. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients who have diabetes mellitus are at a greater risk of developing early atherosclerosis and microvascular problems if they have hyperlipidemia, which is the most prevalent diabetic consequence. The development and progression of typical lipid abnormalities in diabetes, such as elevated triglycerides, LDL, serum cholesterol, and low HDL, may be prevented by maintaining good control of blood glucose levels.

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Kashlan, Reem, Alvin Varghesse, Farnoosh Qadri, Melissa Favot, and Federico G. Mariona. "Observational Descriptive Study of Clinical Outcomes on Extremely Obese Pregnant, Nulliparous Women Carrying a Single Term Fetus in Vertex Presentation (NTSV)." International Journal of Gynecological and Obstetrical Research 8, no. 1 (2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31907/2309-4400.2020.08.05.

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Sudha, Sija, and Deepa Molathe Gopalan. "Ocular Manifestations in Neurocutaneous Syndromes with Emphasis on Neurofibromatosis – A Descriptive Observational Study." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 9 (2021): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/100.

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BACKGROUND Neurocutaneous syndromes (NCS) are a group of genetic disorders that produce a variety of developmental abnormalities of the eye. Ophthalmic manifestations usually appear early in life and progress with time. The study was conducted to know the prevalence of ocular manifestations in neurocutaneous syndromes with emphasis on neurofibromatosis. METHODS This study was conducted in ophthalmology department at a tertiary care hospital during a period of 2 years among 30 patients. All phakomatoses referred from other specialty departments for ophthalmological evaluation and cases diagnosed in ophthalmology department during routine evaluation were included in the study. RESULTS Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) accounted for most of (66.67 %) the cases followed by Sturge Weber syndrome (SWS) (20 %). Majority (55 %) of NF-1 and 83.33 % of SWS and all patients of other phakomatoses were in the age group < 30 yrs. 55 % of NF-1 patients were males. 65 % of NF-1 patients gave positive family history. Lisch nodules, the most common ocular finding in NF-1 were present in 85 % of patients and of these 82 % were bilateral. Medullated nerve fibre was seen in 10 % of patients. Glaucoma was seen in 66.67 % of Sturge Weber syndrome patients. Conjunctional telangiectasia was seen in 16.67 % of Sturge Weber syndrome patients. Seizures and radiological features were seen in most patients with Sturge Weber syndrome. Megalocornea with normal intraocular pressure (IOP) was seen in both of our patients with posterior fossa malformations, haemangioma, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta/cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities (PHACES syndrome). Eyelid coloboma, ectropion uvea, hyperchromia iridis & myopia was seen in one patient with PHACES syndrome. A case of tuberous sclerosis had many systemic features like calcified subependymal nodules, renal angiomyolipomas, skin features and the only ocular finding was hypopigmented iris spots. CONCLUSIONS Ophthalmologist has a role in early recognition of the neurocutaneous syndrome from specific ocular features (like Lisch nodule in NF-1), reducing ocular morbidity by timely treatment (of conditions like glaucoma) and prompt referral to concerned speciality for management of systemic involvement. KEYWORDS Neurofibromatosis, Sturge Weber Syndrome, Tuberous Sclerosis

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Chikhalkar, SiddhiBhalchandra, NityaSarala Nirmala Malladi, Uday Khopkar, and Vidya Kharkar. "A descriptive observational study on clinical and dermoscopic features of benign melanocytic neoplasms." Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology 86, no. 3 (2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_184_17.

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Zhang, Wei, Zhaohua Deng, Richard Evans, Fei Xiang, Qing Ye, and Runxi Zeng. "Social Media Landscape of the Tertiary Referral Hospitals in China: Observational Descriptive Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 20, no. 8 (2018): e249. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9607.

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Punyaratabandhu, Preawphan, and Pornchai Chirachanakul. "Cutaneous eruption in COVID‐19‐infected patients in Thailand: An observational descriptive study." Journal of Dermatology 48, no. 1 (2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15625.

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Neel, Richard S., Zoe Neibrugge Jenkins, and Nancy Meadows. "Social Problem-Solving Behaviors and Aggression in Young Children: A Descriptive Observational Study." Behavioral Disorders 16, no. 1 (1990): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874299001600106.

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Wijewantha, HS, and KH Sellahewa. "Hump nosed viper bite in Sri Lanka-descriptive observational study of 1543 cases." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 3, no. 11 (2010): 902–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1995-7645(10)60217-9.

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Barbagli, G., S. B. Kulkarni, N. Fossati, et al. "956 Deterioration rate of anterior substitution urethroplasty: An observational descriptive study from 1994." European Urology Supplements 14, no. 2 (2015): e956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(15)60944-7.

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Gouttebarge, Vincent, Phil Hopley, Gino Kerkhoffs, et al. "Symptoms Of Common Mental Disorders In Professional Rugby: An International Observational Descriptive Study." International Journal of Sports Medicine 38, no. 11 (2017): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-114010.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders among professional rugby players across countries. A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline questionnaires from an ongoing prospective cohort study was conducted. Nine national players’ associations and three rugby unions distributed questionnaires based on validated scales for assessing symptoms of common mental disorders. Among the whole study sample (N=990; overall response rate of 28%), prevalence (4-week) of symptoms of common mental disorders ranged from 15% for adverse alcohol use to 30% for anxiety/depression. These findings support the prevalence rates of symptoms of common mental disorders found in previous studies among professional (i. e., elite) athletes across other sports, and suggestions can be made that the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety/depression seems slightly higher in professional rugby than in other general/occupational populations. Awareness of the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders should be improved in international rugby, and an interdisciplinary approach including psychological attention should be fostered in the medical care of professional rugby players. Adequate supportive measures to enhance awareness and psychological resilience would lead not only to improved health and quality of life among rugby players but arguably to enhanced performance in rugby.

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Martín Martín, R., M. Sánchez Bayle, C. Gancedo García, M. C. Teruel de Francisco, and A. Coullaut López. "Families of the economic crisis in paediatric primary care clinics: Descriptive observational study." Anales de Pediatría (English Edition) 84, no. 4 (2016): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2015.06.017.

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Gondwe, Mtisunge Joshua, Nicola Desmond, Mamuda Aminu, and Stephen Allen. "Quality of stillbirth and neonatal death audit in Malawi: A descriptive observational study." Journal of Clinical Pediatrics and Neonatology 2, no. 1 (2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46439/pediatrics.2.018.

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WHO developed a guideline for implementing stillbirth and neonatal death audits at healthcare facilities in 2016. Like many other poor resource countries, stillbirths and neonatal deaths rates remain high in Malawi despite implementation of audit. This paper assesses the quality of facility-based stillbirth and neonatal death audit implementation in Malawian hospitals and provides recommendations for improvement. In accordance with the WHO audit guidelines, we applied mixed methods to determine the quality of audit implementation in seven hospitals in Malawi. We reviewed hospital surveillance data; audit document forms and action plans. We sought staff perceptions and opinions through a questionnaire and interviews and observed audit meetings. Quantitative data was analysed using IBM SPSS 26.0 and presented using frequencies and proportions. Qualitative data were analysed using predefined themes in a survey guide. The frequency of audits and number of stillbirth and neonatal deaths audited varied significantly between hospitals. No hospital had national audit guidelines. Deficiencies included limited information on neonatal death audit data collection and reporting tools, incomplete documentation, lack of senior staff commitment and a blame or shame atmosphere. Audit meetings often did not start with review of ward statistics, previous minutes and follow-up as to whether previous recommendations had been implemented. Challenges in analysing audit information and recommending solutions resulted in lowquality action plans. No objective evidence was found that audit recommendations were implemented. Assessed according to WHO guidelines, audits were of low quality resulting in challenges in identifying and addressing factors contributing to mortality. We recommend regular audit implementation, with completion of audit cycles for audit to contribute to mortality reduction.

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ESEN, Ayşe Didem, and Feyzanur ERDEM. "Thyroid Ultrasonography Findings in Hospital Employees Exposed to Radiation: An Observational Descriptive Study." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 2 (2024): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/healthsci.2023-100738.

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Scotté, F. "2047P Neutrop: A descriptive, observational study for G-CSF prescription in daily practice." Annals of Oncology 34 (October 2023): S1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2023.09.829.

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Minakshi, Bajpayee, Priyanka, and Rani Sinha Abha. "Postpartum Blood Loss in Induced Verses Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery: A Descriptive Observational Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 3 (2023): 1460–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12791016.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The most severe and potentially fatal complication of vaginal birth is postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Blood loss of more than 500ml during vaginal birth is referred to as PPH. Primary PPH is what it is called if it happens within 24 hours of delivery. Secondary PPH is the term used when it arises after 24 hours and within 6 weeks following delivery. The aim of this study is to compare third stage blood loss during induced vs. spontaneous vaginal deliveries and to determine whether the volume of blood loss correlates with the subsequent drop in hemoglobin. <strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2022 to December 2022, the current descriptive observational study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at SKMCH in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. When 300 pregnant women underwent vaginal deliveries through labour induction, blood loss after placental deliveries was assessed using special collection bags, and it was compared to blood loss in another 100 women who underwent spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Each patient’s haemoglobin levels were noted both before and after the child was delivered. <strong>Results: </strong>The difference in mean blood loss between the induced and spontaneous groups was 30 mL (202±117 vs. 172±114 mL), although this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.12). However, when various induction techniques were evaluated, it was discovered that the oxytocin group had much more blood loss (327±140 mL) than both other labour induction techniques and spontaneous deliveries. When compared to spontaneous deliveries, the blood loss caused by prostaglandin-assisted labour induction was not greater. Post-delivery haemoglobin values in both the induced and spontaneous delivery groups showed statistically significant drops, but the induced group’s drop was relatively greater than that of the spontaneous vaginal delivery group (0.96gm/dL vs. 0.56gm/dL), which appeared to be statistically significant (p=0.001). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using prostaglandins to induce labour is safer than using oxytocin. All deliveries require an accurate calculation of blood loss in order to identify postpartum haemorrhage early and take the necessary precautions.      

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Arjun, Mourya, Sutay Seema, Najan Ashok, and Dussa Usharani. "A study on Postmortem cases of natural and unnatural death at NSCGMC Khandwa M.P." International Journal of Medical Justice 2, no. 1 (2024): 18–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12600763.

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<strong>Article History:</strong> Date of Submission: Sunday March 17, 2024 Date of Start of Review Process: Monday March 18, 2024 Date of Receipt of Reviewers Report: Monday March 25, 2024 Date of Revision: Tuesday March 26, 2024 Date of Acceptance: Tuesday April 02, 2024 Date of Publication: Sunday June 30, 2024

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Kallakuri, Kavitha, K. Suprada, B. Rao Bahadur, and Gangadhar Rao. "Post operative wound infection: a descriptive study." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 13, no. 7 (2024): 1731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241767.

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Background: Surgical site infections is the third most commonly reported nosocomial infection which has an adverse impact on the hospital as well as the patient. This study was designed to evaluate the frequency, clinical presentation, common risk factors and different organisms involved. Methods: This study was performed at NRI Medical college, Chinnakakani. This is an Observational descriptive study over a period of one year from September 2022 to September 2023. Biodata of the patients together with their clinical features, diagnosis, type of surgery performed and the development of any complications including wound infection was noted and the data analyzed. Results: Out of 1509 patients in the study, 1101 belonged to obstetrics and 408 to gynaecology surgery. The overall incidence of surgical site infection in the study was 7.9%; 86 (7.8%) in obstetrics group and 33 (8%) in gynaecology group developed infection. Age more than 50 years was found to be a risk factor for postoperative wound infection. Obesity is known to be a well-established risk factor for postoperative wound infection. It was noted that surgical site infection was more common in patients that had low haemoglobin levels pre-operatively. The increased susceptibility to infection in diabetics is an established risk factor. Conclusions: Meticulous surgical technique, proper sterilization, judicious use of antibiotics, improvement of ward environments, control of malnutrition and obesity, treatment of infective foci and diseases like diabetes helps control the morbidity of surgical wound infections.

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Giuglea, Carmen, Andrei Marin, Iulia Gavrila, Alexandra Paunescu, Nicoleta Amalia Dobrete, and Silviu Adrian Marinescu. "Basal Cell Carcinoma—A Retrospective Descriptive Study Integrated in Current Literature." Life 13, no. 3 (2023): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13030832.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is considered to be the most common cancer in humans. It has a slow growth rhythm, and for this reason, metastases are rare. For our retrospective study, we selected 180 patients from those who underwent surgery for a variety of skin tumours between January 2019 and August 2022 and whose histopathological examination revealed basal cell carcinoma. All surgeries were performed by plastic surgeons at the “St. John” hospital in Bucharest. The aim of this article is to provide observational data regarding BCC—in terms of histopathology and diagnostic and therapeutic management and to integrate these data into the current knowledge of this pathology.

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