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Tawo, Ekure Etta. "The incorporation of subjective and descriptive information in geostatistical estimation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291038.
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Dubrall, Diana Ivonne [Verfasser]. "Analyses of Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction Databases Using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics / Diana Dubrall." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221669001/34.
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Dubrall, Diana [Verfasser]. "Analyses of Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction Databases Using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics / Diana Dubrall." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221669001/34.
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McKeown, Leonard. "Determining the impact of the Corrective Reading program on the NAPLAN reading results of 'at risk' students." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/382706.
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The research reported in this thesis examines the impact of the Corrective Reading program on a national standardised reading comprehension test of ‘at risk’ students in Year 7 to Year 9 enrolled in a secondary school in Brisbane, Queensland. Previous studies focussing on Corrective Reading have established the positive impact on reading sub-skills, however, only a few studies have attempted to measure the effect of the program on reading comprehension assessed via standardised testing. Effective reading comprehension skills are critical for success at school and in the workforce. Yet, there are significant international findings which suggest that reading skills in Australia and many other western countries are declining which is a cause of concern for all educational stakeholders and the wider community. This concern has fuelled debate amongst academics and teachers of reading as to the most effective methods for teaching reading; the disputes on the issue have now captured the broader community through mainstream media.
This study is quantitative in nature and applies a quasi-experimental methodology to compare the NAPLAN reading results of 22 students who have completed the Corrective Reading program compared to a non-randomised control group of 212 students who did not undertake Corrective Reading. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are used to analyse and discuss the impact of the program. Descriptive statistics provide a summary of the data through measures of central tendency, variability and spread. Inferential statistics test the hypothesis that participation in the program will lead to improved reading scores by calculating the effect size of the program on the NAPLAN reading results for targeted students from Year 7 to Year 9.
The results of this research demonstrate that Corrective Reading does have a statistically significant positive effect on the standardised test results for reading with a degree of confidence of 95%. The effect size, or magnitude of this significance, represents a strong impact on improving the reading comprehension skills of students in Junior Secondary.
This research contributes to the ongoing contention about reading intervention programs by providing a deeper understanding of the role that Direct Instruction can play in enhancing reading comprehension skills. The findings of this study provides evidence and insights that are useful to staff of the school where the study was undertaken. Other schools interested in ways to improve the reading results of their ‘at risk’ students in Junior Secondary may also find this study advantageous. School leaders may determine the discussion and reflections on the study relevant from an instructional leadership lens.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Education and Professional Studies Research (MEdProfStRes)
School Educ & Professional St
Arts, Education and Law
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Strugnell, James Paul. "Paintings by numbers : applications of bivariate correlation and descriptive statistics to Russian avant-garde artwork." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/10722.
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In this thesis artwork is defined, through analogy with quantum mechanics, as the conjoining of the nonsimultaneously measurable momentum (waves) of artwork-text (words within the primary sources and exhibition catalogues) with the position (particles) of artwork-objects (artist- productivity/exhibition-quantities). Such a proposition allows for the changes within the artwork of the Russian avant-garde to be charted, as such artwork-objects are juxtaposed with different artwork-texts from 1902 to 2009. The artwork of an initial period from 1902 to 1934 is examined using primary-source artwork-text produced by Russian artists and critics in relation to the contemporaneous production-levels of various types of Russian-avant-garde artwork-objects. The primary sources in this dataset are those reproduced in the artwork-text produced by the 62 exhibitions described below, and those published in John E. Bowlt's 1991 edition of Russian Art of the Avant-Garde: Theory and Criticism. The production of artwork in the latter period from 1935 to 2009 is examined through consecutive exhibitions, and the relationship between the artwork-text produced by these exhibitions and the artwork-objects exhibited at them. The exhibitions examined within this thesis are 62 containing Russian avant-garde artwork, held in Britain from 1935 to 2009. Content analysis, using an indices-and-symptom analytical construct, functions to convert the textual, unstructured data of the artwork-text words to numerical, structured data of recording-unit weighted percentages. Whilst artist-productivity and exhibition-quantities of types of artwork-object convert the individual artwork-objects to structured data. Bivariate correlation, descriptive statistics, graphs and charts are used to define and compare relationships between: The recording units of the artwork-texts; the artist-productivity/ exhibition-quantities of types of artwork-objects; the structured artwork-text data and structured artwork-object data. These various correlations between structured artwork-text data and structured artwork-object data are calculated in relationship to time (Years) to chart the changes within these relationships. The changes within these relationships are synonymous with changes within Russian avant-garde artwork as presented from 1902 to 1934 and within the 62 British exhibitions from 1935 to 2009. Bivariate correlations between structured artwork-texts data and structured artwork-objects data express numerically (quantitatively) the ineffable relationships formed over time by large sets of unstructured data in the continued (re)creation of artwork.
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Boushell, Audrey. "Comparing Generic Descriptive Analysis and Temporal Dominance of Sensations of Milk and Dark Chocolates and Effect of Training in Temporal Dominance of Sensations of Chocolates." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585048.
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Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) is a sensory analysis method that measures the order and time that few key attributes are dominant throughout consumption of a product. Dominant attributes are those that catch the attention at a given moment, and are not necessarily related to intensity. A panel of 15 judges was trained first in Generic Descriptive Analysis (GDA) and then in TDS. This panel assessed 8 Guittard chocolates varying in amounts of cocoa solids, sugar, and fat. Both methods produced similar results. Samples were predominantly separated as milk chocolates and non-milk chocolates. Non-milk chocolates were sorted by attributes associated with cocoa and sugar content. The TDS data complemented the GDA data by providing additional information on how key attributes changed over time. A group of 98 untrained consumers then performed the same TDS procedure with the same chocolate samples. Both groups produced similar results for sample separation and sorting, but panelist data was superior. Panelists were better able to capture sensory changes over time and had more accurate and consistent understanding of certain attributes.
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Forzelius, Adam, and Daniel Lejfalk. "Putting the Magnifying Glass on NationalVictimization Statistics : A Descriptive Study onLocal Crime Victimization Patterns in a Medium-Sized Swedish City." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31964.
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Introduction: Crime victimization is a problem affecting both individuals and societies. Previous research has looked at the associations between victimization and other factors, and many countries employ self-reported victimization surveys to establish what the victimization patterns look like at different societal levels. Aims: By examining victimization proportions and patterns, this study aimed to further the understanding of what the crime victimization problem looks like in a medium-sized Swedish city. Method: 149 men and 146 women, for a total of 295 inhabitants of Sundsvall, answered self-reported victimization surveys based on the Swedish Crime Survey. The gathered data was subsequently quantified and analyzed. Results: In total, 11.9 % of the sample reported some type of victimization. Overall, men were more likely to be victimized than women, and crimes against persons were more common than crimes against property. Occupation and socio-economic status were significantly associated with victimization. More than half of the victimizations were not reported to the police, and victimization was significantly associated with a lower trust in the criminal justice system and the police. Conclusion: Medium-sized cities like Sundsvall seem to have considerably lower proportions of victimization than the counties, regions and nation as a whole. The rates of reporting and patterns of victimization found, however, are in accord with findings on other societal levels and could to some extent be explained through the principles of the routine activities/lifestyle theory.2017-06-01
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Tran, Vuong, and Sebastian Öhgren. "Analys av kvalitet i en webbpanel : Studie av webbpanelsmedlemmarna och deras svarsmönster." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statistik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-95456.
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During 2012, the employer of this essay carried out a telephone survey with 18000 participants and a web panel survey with 708 participants. Those who partook in the telephone survey were given a choice to join the web panel. The purpose of this work is to study the participants of the telephone survey and see if they reflect the Swedish population with regards to several socio-demographic factors. Also, we intend to investigate if the propensity to join the web panel differs for participants of the telephone survey with regards to various socio-demographic affiliations. It is also of interest to study if the response pattern is different for participants of the telephone survey that would like to join the web panel and those who reject. A comparison of response pattern between the telephone survey and web panel survey has also been done, to see if there exist any differences for these two groups of surveys. The statistical methods used in this essay are descriptive statistics, multiple logistic regression and decision trees. Conclusions to be drawn with result from these methods are that the participants from the telephone survey do reflect the Swedish population regarding certain socio-demographic factors and that there is a slight difference in propensity to join the web panel for people which have dissimilar socio-demographic affiliation. It has also been found that there is a slight difference in response pattern for participants who would or would not like to join the web panel, as well as differences in response pattern also exist between the telephone survey and the web panel survey.
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Vacanti, Rachael E. "The Greatest Show: Characteristics of Descriptive Video Service and the Box Office." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1534175402318917.
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Spraker, Ralph E. Jr. "How does 'just-in-time' scaffolding of descriptive and inferential statistics within an existing, quarter-long, group poster presentation of survey data impact undergraduate statistics students' ability to apply their learning?" Montana State University, 2011. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2011/spraker/SprakerR0811.pdf.
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The treatment of this project was based on the American Statistical Association's (ASA) GAISE project recommendations on how students best learn statistics. I implemented a student-designed survey and poster project to provide an opportunity for my students to learn by constructing their own knowledge through active involvement and having modeled content and technology concepts and practice. They were assessed on their statistical thinking while doing open-ended investigative project as groups instead of as individuals. They received consistent and helpful feedback on their performance from their peers and through interactions with and judges. And they learned statistics better through using technology to discover conceptual understanding as they analyzed their own data.
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Černý, Jiří. "Návrh zákaznické databáze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228342.
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Diploma deals with project managament of market survey which is realized by small Czech trading company. Step by step it attends to questionaire design and how to use it, definition of information minimum, managing of market survey, design of information system modification, data processing by descriptive statistics usage.
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Linnér, My, and Jennie Sundbye. "Basala hygienrutiner vid sårbehandling vid ett sjukhus i Tanzania : en observationsstudie." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-190.
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Vårdrelaterade infektioner kan leda till sjuklighet och för tidig död och påverkar många människor, inte bara individen själv utan även dennes familj och samhället i stort. Vårdrelaterade infektioner drabbar både patienter och sjukvårdspersonal. Med goda basala hygienrutiner och medvetenhet om hur infektioner sprids kan många fall förebyggas och mycket lidande förhindras. Denna studies syfte var att beskriva basala hygienrutiner vid sårbehandling på en avdelning vid ett sjukhus i norra Tanzania. Studien hade en kvalitativ och en kvantitativ ansats där det kvalitativa datamaterialet har bearbetats med innehållsanalys och det kvantitativa datamaterialet har redovisats med deskriptiv statistik. Innehållsanalysen resulterade i kategorierna Kontaminering av omgivning/material, smutsig rutin och ren rutin. Slutsatsen visade att de basala hygienrutinerna brast vilket kan öka risken för vårdrelaterade infektioner samt att basala hygienrutiner inte tycks vara väl implementerade på avdelningen.Health care-associated infections can lead to morbidity and premature death and affect many people, not only the individual himself/herself but also his/her family and the society at large. Health care-associated infections affects both patients and healthcare staff. With good basic hygiene and awareness of how infection spread many cases can be prevented and much suffering be avoided. The aim of this study was to describe the basic hygiene routines of wound care at a ward at a hospital in northern Tanzania. The study had a qualitative and a quantitative approach in which the qualitative data material was processed with content analysis and the quantitative data material was presented with descriptive statistics. Content analysis resulted in the categories contamination of the environment/materials, dirty routine and clean routine. The conclusion showed that the basic hygiene routines were rarely performed properly which increased the risk of healthcare associated infections and that basic hygiene routines did not seem to be well implemented on the ward.
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Mahashabde, Vedangi. "Comparison of Lean Construction in India and United States of America." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1728.
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The concept of Lean Construction has been introduced successfully into the Construction Industry to increase efficiency and profit by elimination of non-value adding activities or ‘Waste’. Lean Construction is an adaptation of Lean manufacturing principles and is the future of the Construction Industry in developing as well as developed countries. There has been much study and documentation conducted on ‘Lean Construction’ in USA. Even though people have started practicing Lean in India, there is lack of documented information available about it. Professionals within the Industry could already be minimizing ‘Waste’ and/or following Lean principles without the knowledge of the term ‘Lean Construction’. This thesis has reviewed and compared Lean Construction practices and awareness in India and USA.
A questionnaire based study was used to examine practices and collect data about Construction for analysis. Descriptive statistics was primarily used to make inferences from the data. The Lean Construction characteristics of the construction professionals from both the countries were discussed and analyzed. It was inferred that the Construction Industry in both the countries could benefit further from the Lean practices and increase profitability by up to 25%. In general, personnel in the Construction Industry from both the countries need to receive regular knowledge and updates about Lean principles in order to optimize resources effectively.
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Ogden, Holly Christine. "Vivid moments long remembered : the lifetime impact of elementary school musical theatre." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1376.
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Capretz, Robson Louiz. "Análise dos padrões espaciais de árvores em quatro formações florestais do estado de São Paulo, através de análisses de segunda ordem, como a função K de Ripley." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-20062005-154919/.
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O padrão espacial das árvores em uma floresta é influenciado por variáveis abióticas e bióticas. Entre as principais variáveis abióticas estão o relevo, a disponibilidade de luz, nutrientes e água, e a caracterização do solo. Entre as principais variáveis bióticas estão os processos dependentes da densidade, tais como a competição intraespecífica e interespecífica, a herbivoria, a ocorrência de doenças, a fenologia e dispersão de sementes. Desse modo, investigar o padrão espacial das árvores, segundo suas classes de tamanho, e segundo suas espécies mais abundantes, pode fornecer evidências sobre a estrutura da comunidade vegetal. A descrição do padrão espacial das árvores e das espécies mais abundantes em diferentes formações florestais foi realizada usando ferramentas estatésticas mais apropriadas para investigar mapas das árvores. A Função K de Ripley tem como principais vantagens a possibilidade de detectar o padrão espacial em diversas escalas de distâncias simultaneamente, e avaliar a dependência espacial entre grupos de árvores. Os padrões observados foram comparados com os modelos de Completa Aleatoriedade Espacial, para a função univariada, e de Completa Independência Espacial, para a função bivariada. Diferentes formações florestais, típicas da região sudeste do Brasil, foram comparadas neste estudo: Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana, Savana Florestada (Cerradão), Floresta Estacional Semidecidual e Formação Pioneira com Influência Marinha (Restinga). Esta dissertação de mestrado integra o Projeto "Diversidade, dinâmica e conservação em florestas do Estado de São Paulo: 40 ha de parcelas permanentes", do Programa Biota da FAPESP. Neste projeto, uma parcela de 10,24 ha foi montada em cada formação florestal, e todas as árvores com circunferência na altura do peito a partir de 15 cm foram medidas, mapeadas e identificadas. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo ressaltam o caráter agregado em florestas tropicais, uma vez que o padrão agregado foi observado em todas as florestas estudadas. As árvores do Cerradão e da Restinga apresentaram padrões muito próximos, com uma agregação definida até uma certa escala de distâncias. Para a Floresta Ombrófila, o padrão agregado foi significativo em toda a escala de distâncias. Na Floresta Estacional, tendência à aleatoriedade foi observada, embora uma agregação significativa tenha sido notada para curtas distâncias. A análise do padrão espacial segundo classes de tamanho mostrou que as primeiras classes possuem, em geral, padrões agregados significativos, enquanto para as classes seguintes o padrão aleatório foi predominante. Em linhas gerais, o padrão espacial das espécies acompanhou o padrão geral de cada formação florestal. O padrão das espécies dominantes é sempre muito semelhante ao padrão espacial da floresta como um todo. Como era esperado, as espécies dominantes desempenham importante papel na ocupação do espaço horizontal em tais florestas, contribuindo de modo decisivo para a caracterização do padrão espacial da comunidade. Espécies que ocorreram em diferentes florestas apresentaram pequenas diferenças no seu padrão espacial, ressaltando-se assim a importância da sua autoecologia e dos processos ecológicos intrínsecos a cada comunidade.Tree spatial patterns are influenced by abiotic and biotic environment. Among the main abiotic factors are topography, light, nutrients, soil and water availability. Among biotic factors are density-dependent processes, as intraespecific and interespecific competition, herbivory, pathogens, phenology and seed dispersion. Investigation of tree spatial patterns, patterns in size classes, and dominant species patterns can show evidences about the structure of plant communities. Description of trees spatial pattern was made using the most appropriate statistical tools for mapped data. Ripleys K Function has as its main attributes the power to detect the spatial patterns in different distance scales simultaneously, and to investigate spatial independence among groups of trees. Observed patterns were compared to Complete Spatial Randomness model, in univariate function, and to Complete Spatial Independence model, in bivariate function. Different forests, typical from Southeastern Brazil, were compared in this study: Forest Savanna (Cerradao), Dense Rain Forest, Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and Restinga. This mastership thesis is part of Project "Diversity, dynamics and conservation in forests in the State of São Paulo: 40 ha of permanent plots", from FAPESP Biota Program. In this project, one permanent plot of 10.24 ha was located in each forest stand, and all its trees with circunference at breast height equals 15 cm or higher were measured, mapped and identified. The results obtained in this study shows the aggregated pattern as the most common pattern in tropical forests. The trees spatial pattern in Cerradão and Restinga were very similar, aggregation was observed in the same distance scales. For the Dense Rain Forest, the spatial pattern was significant for all the distance scales. In Semidecidous Forest, a tendency towards randomness was observed, but a significant aggregation appeared for short distances. The spatial analysis for size classes showed that the newer classes have aggregated patterns, while the following classes have random ones. The dominant species spatial patterns were close to the general patterns of its community. As expected, dominant species play important rules in characterizing the horizontal pattern of their forests. Common species between different forests showed small differences in its spatial pattern, indicating the importance of its autoecology and the intrinsic ecological processes of each community.
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Wang, Qing. "Study on crash characteristics and injury severity at roadway work zones." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002924.
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Berg, Christian. "The ever increasing use of acid suppressive therapy : Descriptive analysis of data from the national wholesale and prescription databases on the consumption of proton pump inhibitor in Norway." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3223.
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Pharmacoepidemiological analyses are needed as a background for evaluation of drug use and for making cost-effective priorities. Drug sales and prescription databases provide useful tools for analysis of drug consumption and expenditures. In this essay, an analysis of the sales and prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), drugs used for acid related gastric disorders, are presented. Since 1996, the consumption of PPIs in Norway has increased by approximately 10 % per year, with esomeprazole as the most commonly used drug. An increasing number of individuals are using these drugs with considerable costs for the reimbursement schemes, e.g., in 2006 more than 450 million NOK. Verified reflux oesophagitis is the predominant indication for reimbursement prescribing. There are, however, indications of an overprescribing of PPIs. The prescribing in Norway is different from Denmark and Sweden, both regarding choice of drug and level of consumption. The prevalence of PPI use increased with age, reaching a maximum of nearly 12 % in the age groups 70-79 and 80-89 years of age. A considerable proportion is long-term users (> 2 years). These groups have a high risk of polypharmacy treatment. Even though the PPIs have been on the market for many years, negative effects associated with long term use are being discussed and need to be further explored. Attention should be focused on the rational use of PPIs and not only on the reduction of costs for PPI therapy.Farmakoepidemiologiske analyser er nødvendige som bakgrunn for å evaluere legemiddelbruk og gjøre kostnads-effektivitets prioriteringer. Databaser med informasjon om salg og forskrivning av legemidler er nyttige redskaper for slike analyser. I denne oppgaven presenteres en analyse av salgs- og forskrivningsdata for protonpumpehemmere, en legemiddelgruppe som brukes ved syrerelaterte gasterointestinale sykdommer. Forbruket av protonpumpehemmere i Norge har siden 1996 økt med 10 % per år, med esomeprazol som vanligste legemiddel. Et økende antall personer bruker disse legemidlene. Utgiftene for det offentlige trygdesystemet er omfattende, mer enn 450 millioner NOK i 2006. Verifisert spiserørbetennelse er den dominerende årsak til forskrivning angitt på reseptene. Det er indikasjoner på en for høy forskrivning av protonpumpehemmere. Forskrivningen i Norge er forskjellig fra Danmark og Sverige, både med hensyn på valg av legemiddel og forbruksnivå. Prevalens for bruk av protonpumpehemmere øker med alder og når et maksimum på nær 12 % av befolkningen i aldersgruppene 70-79 og 80-89 år. En betydelig andel bruker legemidlene over lengre tid (> 2 år). Dette er grupper som bruker mange legemidler samtidig (polyfarmasi). Selv om protonpumpehemmerne har vært på markedet i mange år, diskuteres fortsatt negative følger av langtidsbruk og det er behov for å studere bruken nærmere. Oppmerksomheten bør rettes mot rasjonell bruk av disse legemidlene, ikke bare hvordan utgiftene til dem skal kunne reduseres.
ISBN 978-91-85721-14-6
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Berenschot, David. "A Descriptive Study of the Elderly in California Substance Abuse Treatment Programs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/549.
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As gerontologists may know, there are a great deal of studies and a variety of academic literature on the misuse of alcohol and prescription medication amongst the elderly population. While there is a plethora of information on alcohol and prescription misuse, there is little reported data about the prevalence of other substance misuse experienced by this population. This study aims to help to fill that gap in the data by using quantitative methods to describe the scope of substance abuse of individuals 55-years or older. This study utilizes data from the Treatment Data Set Admission (TEDS-A). The TEDS-A is a public data set which includes admissions data from multiple substance abuse treatment facilities associated with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Association (SAMHSA). This is a regional study, therefore this study focuses only on individuals 55-years or older who have been admitted into substance abuse treatment facilities in the state of California in the year 2014.
The TEDS-A is a data set that is supported and conducted by members of SAMHSA. Most of their public data sets, including the TEDS-A, can be accessed on their website (https://www.datafiles.samhsa.gov/study/treatment-episode-data-set-admissions-teds-2014-nid16949). The data available in the TEDS-A involves a number of admission questions, including demographic data, reasons for intake, primary through tertiary substance concerns, questions regarding social status, information on medical insurance, and more.
This study looks at the descriptive frequencies of the use of alcohol, crack/cocaine, marijuana/hashish, heroin, other opiates & synthetics, methamphetamine, and other substances. The study includes 13,512 cases, of which 9966 (73.8%) of cases were male, 3539 (26.2%) were female, and 7 (0.1%) were missing and/or invalid. The results of the data suggests that, while alcohol abuse is a problem, those over 55 are admitted into substance abuse clinics for many other reasons, not just alcohol abuse.
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Roodt, Estee. "Job demands and job resources as predictors of dispositional employability of academics in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31564.
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Background and Aim The South African higher education sector has undergone numerous changes over the past years due to external factors such as globalisation, managerialism and neo-liberalism (Ntshoe, Higgs, Higgs&Wolhuter, 2008). Furthermore De Villiers and Steyn (2009) add that state funding of higher education in South Africa has been decreased to such an extent that higher education institutions (HEI’s) have been unable to parallel the increase in the number of students enrolled per year. As mentioned by Mouton (2010) universities in sub-Saharan Africa continue to operate under conditions which are seriously under-resourced, which poses significant challenges for the scholars concerned. The changes in the Higher Education Institutional environment have forced HEI’s to increase their level of output in terms of: enrollments, qualifications awarded, research output and institution size and number of disadvantaged students (De Villiers&Steyn, 2009) in order to remain competitive. The number of changes in performance outputs as well as the growing market for competitive higher education (HE) has greatly impacted the job demands of academics in South Africa. The environment in which academics in South Africa function now demands more of them than in previous years. For example the employment relationship has changed (i.e. teacher-driven to student-driven), altering the type of work that people do, when they work and how much they do (Barkhuizen, Rothmann&Van de Vijver, in press). Accordingly, it appears that the job demands of academics have escalated, whilst the levels of support and other resources have declined. The objective of this study was to investigate whether job demands and resources are significant predictors of dispositional employability of academics in South Africa. Method A cross–sectional research design was followed. The Job Characteristics Scale developed by Barkhuizen and Rothman (2005) and the Dispositional Measure of Employability (Fugate&Kinicki, 2008) were used as measures in this study. A total of 360 questionnaires were sent out to the sample, of which 158 completed questionnaires were received, but only 146 of these responses could be used for data analyses. This represents a 40.55% response rate. Results The results showed that there is a significant relationship between job demands and the change identity of the academics and that job demands do act as a predictor of the dispositional employability of academics in terms of their change identity. No significant relationship between the job resources and the dispositional employability of the academics were found, however all of the dimensions of DE had a positive relationship with job resources. A significant relationship between job demands and the ethnicity, home language, age, the respondent’s job level and the number of hours they work was found. However, no statistically significant differences were found within gender, qualifications, job categories, years in service and the number of years in current positions. According to the results the white ethnic group experiences higher job demands than the black ethic group. Furthermore respondents speaking either Afrikaans or English experience higher job demands then respondents speaking indigenous languages. In relation to this, the age group 50 to 59 experience higher job demands compared to that of the age group 20-29. Associate professors experience higher job demands than junior lecturers. No significant relationship between the academics’ perception of their job resources and their demographic characteristics was found. There are significant differences between the DE of the academics and their ethnicity, home language, job category, years in service and hours of work. No statistically significant differences were found within gender, age, qualifications, job level or years in the current position. The Black ethnic group indicates higher levels of resilience and motivation compared to the other ethnic groups, and indigenous languages have higher levels of resilience compared to the other two language groups. Academics that function as both researchers and lecturers have higher levels of career proactivity compared to the academics that function only as a researcher or lecturer. Respondents that have been in the industry for between zero to 10 years have a higher level of resilience compared to the respondents who have served for longer. The working hours of group four (between 31 to 40 hours) show higher levels of resilience compared to the other groups.Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Human Resource Management
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Gaughan, Patrick H. "The International Diversification of Professional Service Firms: The Case of U.S. Law Firms." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1431259487.
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Lado, Longun Moses. "The Attitudes of First Year Senior Secondary School Students toward Their Science Classes in the Sudan." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1305207110.
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Dedge, Parks Dana M. "Defining Data Science and Data Scientist." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7014.
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The world’s data sets are growing exponentially every day due to the large number of devices generating data residue across the multitude of global data centers. What to do with the massive data stores, how to manage them and defining who are performing these tasks has not been adequately defined and agreed upon by academics and practitioners. Data science is a cross disciplinary, amalgam of skills, techniques and tools which allow business organizations to identify trends and build assumptions which lead to key decisions. It is in an evolutionary state as new technologies with capabilities are still being developed and deployed. The data science tasks and the data scientist skills needed in order to be successful with the analytics across the data stores are defined in this document. The research conducted across twenty-two academic articles, one book, eleven interviews and seventy-eight surveys are combined to articulate the convergence on the terms data science. In addition, the research identified that there are five key skill categories (themes) which have fifty-five competencies that are used globally by data scientists to successfully perform the art and science activities of data science.
Unspecified portions of statistics, technology programming, development of models and calculations are combined to determine outcomes which lead global organizations to make strategic decisions every day.
This research is intended to provide a constructive summary about the topics data science and data scientist in order to spark the dialogue for us to formally finalize the definitions and ultimately change the world by establishing set guidelines on how data science is performed and measured.
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Basto, Joana Salema Pinto. "O impacto da crise financeira de 2008 no sector corticeiro português : caso Corticeira Amorim." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4556.
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Mestrado em FinançasO presente trabalho estuda o efeito que a crise económica e financeira teve nas rendibilidades anuais da empresa Corticeira Amorim e nos seus indicadores financeiros. É feita uma análise das rendibilidades em bolsa da Corticeira Amorim e seus benchmarks no período pré-crise (2005-2007) e no período pós-crise (2008-2010). Considera-se ainda o estudo da influência de algumas variáveis macroeconómicas (taxa de inflação, taxa de juro, taxa de câmbio euro dólar, preço do petróleo e nível de exportações) nestas rendibilidades. De igual forma são estudados os indicadores financeiros de rendibilidade e liquidez (R.O.S, R.O.A, R.O.E e L.G), alavanca e risco (autonomia financeira, debt to equity e G.A.F) e mercado accionista (price to book, book to market equity, E.P.S e o coeficiente beta). Por último é feita uma análise da estatística descritiva. Os resultados confirmam que a crise afectou, de forma negativa, as rendibilidades anuais das acções da Corticeira Amorim e que os factores macroeconómicos estudados também tiveram influência não só na performance financeira da empresa como também na sua rendibilidade em bolsa.
This research work studies the effects of the subprime crisis in the annual stock returns of the company Corticeira Amorim and in its financial ratios. We do an analysis of Corticeira Amorim stock returns and also of its benchmarks, in a pre-crisis period (2005-2007) and in a post-crisis period (2008-2010). We also investigate the impact of some macroeconomic variables (inflation rate, interest rate, Eurodollar exchange rate, oil prices and exports) in this stock returns. We look at the performance of the profitability and liquidity ratios (R.O.S, R.O.A, R.O.E and Current Ratio), debt and risk ratios (assets to debt ratio, debt to equity ratio and G.A.F), and stocks market ratios (price to book ratio, book to market equity ratio, E.P.S and beta coefficient). Finally we do a descriptive statistics analysis. The results show that the subprime crisis affected, in a negative way, the annual stock returns of Corticeira Amorim and that the studied macroeconomic variables had an influence not only in the financial performance of the company but also in its behavior in the stock market.
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LIMA, Jéssica Nayara. "Acidentes nas rodovias federais pernambucanas: um estudo descritivo e exploratório." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17207.
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CAPEs
Sendo os acidentes de trânsito um problema mundial, este estudo descreve e analisa os acidentes ocorridos nas rodovias federais do estado de Pernambuco, entre os anos 2007-2012. Para a análise dos resultados, utilizou-se como opções metodológicas a análise descritiva e exploratória, através da análise de correspondência simples e múltipla. Diante das análises exploratórias, deseja-se ampliar o conhecimento sobre as associações e configurações das ocorrências e de seus fatores envolvidos, traçando os perfis dos acidentes e dos condutores dos veículos. Entre os principais resultados encontrados, identificou-se que a BR-101 é a rodovia federal com maior número de acidentes no estado de Pernambuco, cerca de 45% do total de ocorrências. Além disso, os acidentes na rodovia transversal BR-104 mostraram-se fortemente relacionados com as ultrapassagens indevidas. Identificou-se o perfil do jovem, solteiro, do sexo masculino que ingeriu álcool, com nível médio de escolaridade que sofreu lesões graves, como um dos perfis que melhor explicam os condutores envolvidos nos acidentes nas rodovias federais pernambucanas. Os resultados evidenciaram, também, os principais perfis dos acidentes, entre eles estão as colisões laterais e traseiras, ocorridas na BR-101, pela manhã, ocasionadas por falta de atenção e por não guardar distancia de segurança. Portanto, as análises descritivas e exploratórias trazem mais compreensão acerca dos acidentes. Espera-se que este estudo seja visto como uma fonte de consulta do panorama da acidentalidade no estado de Pernambuco, e que seus resultados norteiem ações adequadas do poder público e da sociedade em geral, a fim de prevenir e mitigar os transtornos causados pelos acidentes.
Since traffic accidents are a global problem, this present study describes and analyzes the accidents that occurred on Federal highways, in Pernambuco state, between the years 2007- 2012. In an effort to analyze the results, it was used as methodological options the descriptive and exploratory analysis, by the simple and multiple correspondence analysis. Given the exploratory analysis, it is needed to learn more about the associations and set of the occurred accidents, as well as its causes involved, mapping the profiles of accidents and drivers of vehicles involved. Among the main results found, the BR-101 is the Federal highway with the greatest number of accidents in the state of Pernambuco, it is about 45% of the total events. In addition, the accidents on the BR-104 cross highway showed strongly related to the undue overtaking. The identified profile as young, single, male, who has ingested alcoholic beverage, who is high school level and has suffered severe injuries is the one who best explains drivers involved in accidents in the Federal highways of Pernambuco. The results showed the main accident particulars as well: side and rear collisions, occurred on the BR-101, in the morning, due to the lack of attention and by not keeping safety distance. Therefore, the descriptive and exploratory analysis bring more comprehension upon the accidents. It is expected to this study to be seen as an inquiry source by the accident rate prospect in Pernambuco state, and its results to guide government and society to appropriate actions in order to prevent and mitigate the issues caused by these accidents.
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Selim, Marianne. "Från anlogt till digitalt : digitaliseringen av svensk radiologi i ett produktions- och organisationsperspektiv." Licentiate thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-49022.
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Syfte: Att beskriva den organisationsförändring som fem röntgenkliniker i Sverige genomgick i samband med att radiologin digitaliserades. Frågeställningar: Hur förändrades antalet genomförda radiologiska undersökningar och undersökningstyper från tidpunkten två år före digitaliseringen till två, fyra och sex år efter digitaliseringen? Hur förändrades antalet arbetade timmar och fördelningen av arbetade timmar mellan de olika personalkategorierna från tidpunkten två år före digitaliseringen till två, fyra och sex år efter digitaliseringen? Hur förändrades arbetsuppgifterna inom och mellan de olika personalkategorierna på röntgenklinikerna efter digitaliseringen? Hur beskriver personal med en nyckelfunktion genomförandet av digitaliseringen och eventuell förändring av arbetet efter digitaliseringen? Metod: Kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod har använts och kombinerats för att besvara studiens frågeställningar. Fem svenska röntgenkliniker ingick i studien och material avseende produktionsutfall samlades in från respektive röntgenklinik. Totalt intervjuades 22 personer, med tre till sex intervjuer per röntgenklinik. Teoretiska ramverk: För att försöka förstå de positiva fynden, avseende utökade antalet undersökningar och minskning av arbetade timmar, efter digitaliseringen, genomfördes vid en av röntgenklinikerna en fallstudie med ytterligare två frågeställningar: Hur genomfördes digitaliseringen? Hur har uppföljningen vad avser arbetsflöden, genomförandet och förändringar i detalj genomförts efter digitaliseringen? Delar av Bramson m.fl. (2005) perspektiv och Kotter och Cohens (2002) framgångsfaktorer har applicerats vid analysen av det resultatet. Resultat: Samtliga röntgenkliniker uppvisade en liten ökning av antalet radiologiska undersökningar, medan datortomografi- och magnetkameraundersökningarna ökade markant under den studerade tiden. Efter digitaliseringen genomförs således fler komplicerade undersökningar, vilket anses ha medfört en kvalitativt bättre och säkrare diagnosticering. Övriga undersökningstyper uppvisar varierande resultat. Vid tre av röntgenklinikerna minskade den totala arbetade tiden, och vid två ökade den. Antalet arbetade timmar ökade för röntgenläkare och röntgensjuksköterskor, men minskade för sekreterare och undersköterskor under den studerade tiden. Generellt utför röntgenläkarna och röntgensjuksköterskorna fler arbetsuppgifter efter digitaliseringen, och många av de traditionella arbetsuppgifterna för sekreterare och undersköterskor har försvunnit eller tagits över av datorn. Bättre tillgänglighet, förhöjd kvalitet och utökad diagnostik, tydligare arbetslistor som styr arbetsflödet, förbättrad ergonomi och miljö samt samordning med andra har möjliggjorts efter digitaliseringen. Utifrån intervjuerna i fallstudien framkom teman som beskriver: information, superanvändare, utbildning, tydliga arbetsflöden och rutiner, personalbehov och motivation, liksom ett tydligt ledarskap som genomsyrat förändringsprocessen. Dessa teman är, enligt Bramson och Bramson (2005) och Kotter och Cohen (2002), viktiga att beakta för att lyckas med en förändring. Konklusion: Ingen av de intervjuade vill återgå till ett analogt arbetssätt. Digitaliseringen har inneburit att mycket förändrats för de berörda personalkategorierna, men fördelarna anses uppväga nackdelarna. För att lyckas med en förändring bör Bramsons perspektiv och Kotters framgångsfaktorer tas i beaktande.Background: Since Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s discovery of X-rays in 1896, radiology has undergone great changes. In Sweden, the process of digitalisation radiology was initiated in the mid 1990s. Aim: To describe the organisational changes that took place in five radiol- ogy clinics in Sweden in connection with the digitalisation of radiology. Study questions: How did the number and type of radiological examinations change when comparing two years before with two, four and six years after digitalisation? How did the number and distribution of hours worked change among different staff categories when comparing two years before with two, four and six years after digitalisation? How did the duties change after digitalisation within and between different staff categories at the radiology clinics? How do staff members in key positions describe the implementa- tion of digitalisation and any changes in their professional prac- tice after digitalisation? Method: Quantitative and qualitative methods were combined in order to answer the study questions. Five Swedish radiology clinics took part in the study, and production outcome data were gathered from each clinic. A total of 22 individuals were interviewed, with three to six interviews per radiology clinic. In order to gain an understanding of the positive results at one of the radiology clinics in terms of the increased number of exami- nations and reduction in the number of hours worked after digitalization a case study was conducted at this clinic, in which two questions were posed: How was the digitalisation carried out? How were workflow, im- plementation and changes followed up in detail after digitalisation? Ele- ments of Bramson and Bramson ́s (2005) perspectives and Kotter and Cohen’s (2002) success factors were applied. Findings: All radiology clinics had a small increase in the number of radio- logical examinations, while computed tomography and magnetic reso- nance imaging examinations increased significantly during the period un- der investigation. Thus, more complex examinations were carried out post digitalisation, a fact considered to have led to qualitatively better and safer diagnoses. The total working time was reduced at three clinics, while two exhibited an increase. The total number of hours worked increased for radiologists and radiographers but decreased for secretaries and assistant nurses. In general, radiologists and radiographers performed more tasks post digitalisation, and many of the traditional duties of secretaries and assistant nurses were eliminated or taken over by the computer. Digitalisa- tion enabled greater access to radiological images and patient data in addi- tion to improved quality and diagnostics of the radiological examination. Digitalisation also allowed a better-controlled workflow, as well as im- proving ergonomics, the environment and the coordination with other clinics. The case study interviews revealed themes describing: information, super users, education, clear work flows and routines, staff needs and motiva- tion as well as clear leadership throughout the change process. According to Bramson and Kotter, these themes are important for successful change. Conclusion: None of the individuals interviewed wished to return to the analogue mode of working. The digitalisation led to great changes for the different staff categories, with the advantages outweighing the disad- vantages. To succeed with change, Bramson’s perspectives and Kotter’s success factors should be taken into consideration.
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Jonsson, Amanda, and Pawitchaya Lindquist. "Lean implementering hos svenska industrier : En empirisk studie av implementering för interna Lean dimensioner." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32848.
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Lean production originates from the Toyota production system (TPS) and is commonly known as today's Lean. Lean Production consists of a multitude of concepts, values, principles and methods with the main purpose to continuously improve operations and productions. These concepts are known to improve long-term profitability. The purpose was to investigate Swedish industries and their relation to internal Lean strategies and how well implemented these are in different types of industries. These are categorised as Other, Process- Manufacturing and engineering industry. In this study, the main focus is on analyzing dimensions of internal Lean production in industrial types. These dimensions are Pull System (PULL), Continuous Flow (FLOW), Time Reduction (SETUP), Statistical Process Control (SPC), Employee Involvement (EMP.INVOLV) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). These internal Lean dimensions derive from an empirical study by Shah & Ward (2007), with the aim to produce a deeper knowledge of the definition of Internal Lean production. The study is based on empirical evidence and the data analysis is established from a previous data collection of the European manufacturing Survey (EMS) for Sweden in 2019, previously developed by Von Haartman, Niss & Bengtsson (2020). The used data is descriptive statistics and is limited to Swedish industries. In this study, the analysis will focus on 24 Lean questions and 6 internal Lean dimensions have been investigated and analyzed. It is concluded, based on results and analysis, that two Lean perspectives are the basis for businesses to achieve Lean in production. In order to succeed in implementing Lean production, it is important that these perspectives interact with each other. By implementing practical methods, tools and at the same time allowing employees to be involved in the work, quality and efficiency are increased. This contributes to businesses creating improvements in production-related functions in production. To a large extent the Swedish industries have a Low or Medium use of internal Lean dimensions. TPM is found to be the most commonly implemented dimension for most individual industry types while the dimensions SPC and EMP.INVOLV has the lowest implementation. For individual industry types, there is no major variance in how they answered the implementation of dimensions. All dimensions have a correlation without significant differences for all types of industries. It is found, implementation of dimension PULL differ from each type of industry and Engineering industry have implemented internal Lean dimensions to a higher extent.Lean produktion härstammar från Toyota production system (TPS) och är grunden till det dem flesta känner till idag som Lean. Lean Produktion omfattar många begrepp som innebär värderingar, principer och metoder där huvudsyftet är att ständigt förbättra produktionen i verksamheten för att bidra till långsiktig lönsamhet. Syftet var att undersöka hur svenska industrier förhåller sig till interna Lean strategier och hur välanvänt det är inom olika industrityper. Dessa är fördelade som Övrigt, Process-, Tillverkning och Verkstadsindustri. Denna studie fokuserar på att analysera dimensioner av intern Lean produktion hos industrityper. Dessa dimensioner är dragande system (PULL), kontinuerligt flöde (FLOW), Ställtidsreduktion (SETUP), Statistisk processtyrning (SPC), Medarbetarnas involvering (EMP.INVOLV) och Totalt produktivt underhåll (TPM). Dessa interna Lean dimensioner härstammar från en empiriska studie av Shah & Ward (2007), med syftet att skapa en djupare förståelse för definitionen av intern Lean produktion. Studien baseras på empiriska belägg och grundas utifrån en tidigare datainsamling från European manufacturing Survey (EMS) för Sverige år 2019, tidigare framtagen av Von Haartman, Niss & Bengtsson (2020). Datan som används är deskriptiv statistik och avgränsas till Svenska industrier. I denna studie kommer endast 24 frågor och 6 interna Lean dimensioner att undersökas och analyseras. Slutsatsen är att det finns två Lean perspektiv som är grunden till att verksamheten uppnår Lean i produktion. För att lyckas med implementering av Lean produktion är det viktigt att dessa perspektiv samspelar med varandra. Genom att implementera praktiska metoder, verktyg och samtidigt tillåta medarbetarna involveras i arbetet ökar kvaliteten och effektiviteten. Detta bidrar till att verksamheter skapar förbättring av tillverknings relaterade funktioner i produktionen. Samtliga industrier i undersökningen har i utsträckning en Låg eller Medelhög användning av interna Lean dimensioner. TPM är den mest använda dimensionen hos de flesta enskilda industrityperna medan dimensionerna SPC och EMP.INVOLV har lägst användning. För enskilda industrityper finns det ingen större varians i hur de har besvarat användningen för dimensioner. Alla dimensioner har ett samband i korrelationer utan signifikanta skillnader för samtliga industrityper. Det konstateras, att implementering av dimension PULL skiljer sig från varje typ av industri och Verkstadsindustri har implementerat interna Lean dimensioner i högre utsträckning.
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Rios, Evandro de Moura. "Estatística descritiva, probabilidade e estimação: noções para o ensino básico." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4365.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this paper we describe all the descriptive statistic and much of statistical inference. After this theoretical framework, we try to draw a paralled between what is studied since ekementary school, and what is done graduations. We conclude with some descriptions of practical lessons that worked some basic concepts of statistical inference.
Neste trabalho descrevemos toda a estatística descritiva e boa parte da estatística inferencial. Após este referencial teórico, procuramos fazer um paralelo entre o que é estudado desde o ensino fundamental e o que é feito nas graduações. Concluímos com algumas descrições de aulas práticas que trabalham alguns conceitos básicos da inferência estatística.
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Tola, Omer Onder. "Generalized Beam Angle Statistics For Shape Description." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605412/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, we introduce a new shape descriptor and a graph based matching algorithm to detect a template shape in an image that contains a single object. The shape descriptor, Generalized Beam Angle Statistics, GBAS is obtained with the generalization of the boundary based shape descriptor, Beam Angle Statistics, BAS cite{BAS}. GBAS improves BAS so that it can compute the feature vector of a boundary point without the requirement of the parametric boundary representation. This way, it can be used in matching an individual edge pixel with a boundary point of template shape, even if it is not possible to extract the shape boundary in the image with the available techniques.
Given a template shape, the matching algorithm solves the correspondence problem between the sampled boundary points of the template and the edges of the query image, using the GBAS feature vectors and the spatial information of edges. The match graph represents the correspondence problem and the optimum path on this graph gives the solution of it. Optimum path is found using a polynomial time algorithm that is based on the dynamic programming approach.
In the experiments, we show that the proposed shape descriptor is very powerful and the matching algorithm is capable of detecting a template shape in edge detected images under a variety of transformations and noise.
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Bocskay, Ildiko Roxane. "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in the Eight Service Planning Areas of Los Angeles County." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2473.
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Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become resistant to antibiotics. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective cohort study was to examine the relationship between length of hospitalization and invasive MRSA infection rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the 8 service planning areas (SPAs) of Los Angeles County. Cane, O'Connor, and Michie's theoretical domain framework was used. Secondary data from the Healthcare-Associated (HA) Infections Program of the California Department of Public Health were analyzed. For the first research question, a Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationships between length of hospitalization and invasive HA-MRSA infection rates and counts. Length of hospital stay was not correlatedwith HA-MRSA infection rates; however, it was strongly and positively correlated with HA-MRSA infection counts. For the second research question, a one-way ANOVA was conducted on the infection count rate data, with SPA as the between-subjects factor. The results were statistically significant, indicating that HA-MRSA infection counts varied among the 8 SPAs. The findings might help medical professionals better understand the risk factors associated with MRSA infections. In doing so, findings may relieve some of the burden on the U.S. health care system and improve the overall quality of life of the patients involved.
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Liggett, Rachel Esther. "Multivariate Approaches for Relating Consumer Preference to Sensory Characteristics." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282868174.
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BARRETO, Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho. "A influência de reservatórios na vazão do Rio São Francisco." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5089.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Knowledge about watershed stream flow regime allows for better public water resource management. However, human activity through reservoir operation can change the stream flow regime. In the Brazilian Northeast region, the São Francisco river basin has a major social and energetic importance. This basin has two large reservoirs, Três Marias and Sobradinho that can affect downstream flow. We select three stations in São Fracisco/MG, Juazeiro/BA and Pão de Açúcar/AL to evaluate influence from the reservoir in the river’s downstream flow. We use Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), Multi Scale Entropy (MSE) and Sliding Window Analysis (SWA) to evaluate changes in dynamics and complexity of river stream flow. Our major results can be summarized as follows: (1) hydrologic regime in the Juazeiro/BA and Pão de Açúcar/AL stations (closer to Large Hydropower/Reservoir - LHP/R) changed after LHP/R construction from persistent (in scales from 30 days to 1,5 years) to anti-persistent (in scales from 10 days to 1,5 years), while the series from São Francisco/MG station (most distant to LHP/R) doesn’t present any differences in long range correlations after LHP/R construction; (2) MSE analysis shows that series from Juazeiro/BA and Pão de Açúcar/AL stations have more complex dynamics after LHP/R construction and their anomalies have less complex dynamics after LHP/R construction, differently from the São Francisco/MG station series which didn’t show any hydrologic dynamics differences throughout the same periods; (3) changes in Sliding Window SampEn (SWA-SampEn) after Sobradinho LHP/R construction were detected in the Juazeiro/BA and Pão de Açúcar/AL station series. These results indicate that regulation in stream flow by Sobradinho LHP/R has influenced the complexity and long-range correlations on the lower São Francisco river basin.
O conhecimento sobre o regime de vazão de bacias hidrográficas permite-nos planejar melhor as políticas públicas de administração dos recursos hídricos. Contudo, a intervenção humana, através de reservatórios, pode alterar o regime hidrológico. Na Região Nordeste do Brasil, o rio São Francisco se destaca pela sua importância energética e social. Este rio possui dois grandes reservatórios: Três Marias e Sobradinho que afetam a vazão do rio a jusante. Para avaliar a influência dos mesmos na vazão do rio a jusante, foram selecionadas três estações: São Francisco/MG, Juazeiro/BA e Pão de Açúcar/AL. Para analisar as alterações do regime hidrológico foram utilizadas as técnicas de Detrended Fluctuation Anlysis (DFA), Multi Scale Entropy (MSE) e Sliding Window Analysis (SWA). Os principais resultados foram (1) o regime hidrológico das estações de Juazeiro/BA e Pão de Açúcar/AL (próximas das Grandes Centrais Hidrelétricas/Reservatório - GCH/R) foi alterado depois da construção passando de persistente (nas escalas entre 30 dias e 1,5 anos) para anti-persistente (nas escalas de 10 dias a 1,5 anos); na estação de São Francisco/MG (mais distante da GCH/R) não se detectou alteração nas correlações após a construção; (2) a análise MSE mostrou para as estações de Juazeiro/BA e Pão de Açúcar/AL uma dinâmica mais complexa após a construção do reservatório quando comparado com o período anterior nas séries originais e uma dinâmica menos complexa para anomalias, divergindo da série original e de anomalias da estação de São Francisco/MG que não apresentou diferença de complexidade no regime hidrológico entre os períodos anterior e posterior a construção do reservatório; (3) modificações na entropia em janelas móveis (SWA-SampEn) após a construção de Sobradinho/BA para a estação de Juazeiro/BA e de Pão de Açúcar/AL. Estes resultados indicam que o reservatório de Sobradinho/BA, como agente regulador da vazão, influencia a complexidade e correlações de longo alcance da vazão do baixo São Francisco.
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Greenberger, Hilary Beth. "Influences on Health Related Quality of Life in Community Dwelling Adults Aged 60 Years and Over." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1638.
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Degen-Knifton, Arthur. "Statistical description of high-harmonic generation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/419403/.
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Here, we present a novel method for estimation of harmonic spectrum features generated from ultrashort high-intensity laser pulses propagating through gas-filled capillaries, based on pump pulse decomposition and statistical considerations. Because of the strong optical nonlinearity, a high-intensity pump pulse launched with a simple, e.g. Gaussian, temporal profile develops a highly complex structure during propagation. We show how such complex propagating ultrashort infrared pulses can be decomposed and subdivided to provide more in-depth analysis of each of their intense regions, leading to a complete diagnostic view of the relevant features of ultrashort pulses for nonlinear optics, e.g. the number, peak intensities, and temporal widths of these individual pulse components within the complex structure. This analysis provides more insight into the collective action of all pulse components as opposed to traditional means which focus on a single feature, and allows diagnosis of the evolution of the large ensemble of features found in such intense ultrashort pulses. This analysis is then used to inform an approximation of the high harmonic spectrum generated from such a pulse based on the cumulative harmonic generation of each of the propagating pulse components. We show that this method is 57 times faster than explicit simulation, requires significantly less computational power, and provides good approximations to many features of the generated high harmonic spectra. We see that this method provides a strong complementary approach to finding optimal conditions for generating the highest harmonics, and provides an intuitive system for identifying the root of certain harmonic pulse features and potentially for predicting the conditions for generating them.
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Liu, Kexin. "Statistical description of turbulent reacting media." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1194/.
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Present work concerns the interaction of chemistry and turbulence in a turbulent reacting flow. Both self-ignition and flame propagation are studied. For self-ignition study, the combined effects of temperature/concentration inhomogeneities and turbulence were studied numerically. For this purpose two statistic turbulent combustion models, namely Linear Eddy Model (LEM) and Reference Scalar Field (RSF), were applied for simulations of statistically homogeneous reacting media. because these two models allow the calculation of the averaged reaction rates in fluctuating media from the first principles. Self-ignition delays, species concentration and temperature evolutions were computed for three kinds of initial conditions, where temperature pdfs were given as Dirac's 8 peak pdf, rectangular and bimodal shapes. The results obtained from the two models mentioned above were compared. The effect of heat loss on ignition delay was also studied with the RSF model. For the study of turbulent flame propagation, RSF model was applied to the problem of I-D flame propagation in a spherical fan-stirred bomb. This problem is selected because of its simplest possible flow field, hence reduced computation cost and easy implementation. For turbulent convection different conditionally averaged velocity models were introduced and evaluated. Pressure during gas explosion, and averaged mean values such as temperature and species concentration were calculated. The evolution of temperature pdf was also obtained from statistics of the reference scalar field. Flame radii and turbulent mass burning rates were determined from the calculated pressure rise and the mass burning rates were compared with two existing correlations of Bradley et al. and Zimont as well as with measurements. Two types of reactive mixtures were studied, one was the methane/air flame and the other one was DTBPIN2 decomposition flame. Experiments with both mixtures were carried out in a spherical fan-stirred bomb. In particular, pressure trace during explosion was recorded and this provided reference data for the modelling studies. Methane/air combustion was simulated with a reduced two-step chemical kinetics mechanism instead of the single-step kinetics commonly used for turbulent reacting flows modelling. The two-step kinetics employed was developed according to the experimental observations of two-stage oxidation of hydrocarbons, in which the first stage is related to the consumption of the fuel and the second stage represents the oxidation of CO and H2• Firstly, the kinetics was "calibrated" in the laminar situations to produce a reasonable agreement with measured flame speed. Then the kinetics was used with turbulent models to simulate the turbulent explosions. While DTBPIN2 decomposition flame is described by a single step kinetics and the reaction constants have been well-studied. So for simulation ofDTBPIN2 flame, any ambiguity resulting in uncertainties in chemical mechanism is avoided.
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Babková, Eva. "Aspekty ovlivňující rizikovost bankovních úvěrů (z pohledu České spořitelny a.s.)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17177.
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The aim of my diploma thesis is to evaluate aspects of credit risk, particularly focused on the retail banking in Česká spořitelna a.s., where all the data come from. At first the thesis describes the background of Česká spořitelna a.s., bank products and credit process. Further there are explains the basic procedures for assessement of the state of company and portfolio monitoring. In the section devoted to banking risks there are specified bank risks and regulation of these risks from the perspective of the Basel Capital Accord. The remaining two theoretical parts describe methods that will be used to evaluate the risk of loans i.e. descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing. Introduction of empirical study describes the structure and over time of the loan portfolio evolution of retail banking. The remainder of the study is already focused on the analysis of credit risks from several points of view. In the first place there is examining the impact of legal form of organization and type of product on credit risk. Furthermore, evaluations of the riskiest sectors from subject come and ultimately verify the influence business plans of the branch network. My personal contribution is a notice on aspects which have proven negative effect on loan.
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Sagar, Rajiv K. "Reservoir description by integration of well test data and spatial statistics /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1993. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9416603.
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Ranse, Kristen Louise. "End-of-life care in the critical care setting : nurses' practices and factors affecting these practices." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63977/1/Kristen_Ranse_Thesis.pdf.
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Background:
Critical care units are designed and resourced to save lives, yet the provision of end-of-life care is a significant component of nursing work in these settings. Limited research has investigated the actual practices of critical care nurses in the provision of end-of-life care, or the factors influencing these practices. To improve the care that patients at the end of life and their families receive, and to support nurses in the provision of this care, further research is needed. The purpose of this study was to identify critical care nurses' end-of-life care practices, the factors influencing the provision of end-of-life care and the factors associated with specific end-of-life care practices.
Methods:
A three-phase exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was utilised. Phase one used a qualitative approach involving interviews with a convenience sample of five intensive care nurses to identify their end-of-life care experiences and practices. In phase two, an online survey instrument was developed, based on a review of the literature and the findings of phase one. The survey instrument was reviewed by six content experts and pilot tested with a convenience sample of 28 critical care nurses (response rate 45%) enrolled in a postgraduate critical care nursing subject. The refined survey instrument was used in phase three of this study to conduct a national survey of critical care nurses. Descriptive analyses, exploratory factor analysis and univariate general linear modelling was undertaken on completed survey responses from 392 critical care nurses (response rate 25%).
Results:
Six end-of-life care practice areas were identified in this study: information sharing, environmental modification, emotional support, patient and family-centred decision making, symptom management and spiritual support. The items most frequently identified as always undertaken by critical care nurses in the provision of end-of-life care were from the information sharing and environmental modification practice areas. Items least frequently identified as always undertaken included items from the emotional support practice area.
Eight factors influencing the provision of end-of-life care were identified: palliative values, patient and family preferences, knowledge, preparedness, organisational culture, resources, care planning, and emotional support for nurses. Strong agreement was noted with items reflecting values consistent with a palliative approach and inclusion of patient and family preferences. Variation was noted in agreement for items regarding opportunities for knowledge acquisition in the workplace and formal education, yet most respondents agreed that they felt adequately prepared. A context of nurse-led practice was identified, with variation in access to resources noted. Collegial support networks were identified as a source of emotional support for critical care nurses.
Critical care nurses reporting values consistent with a palliative approach and/or those who scored higher on support for patient and family preferences were more likely to be engaged in end-of-life care practice areas identified in this study. Nurses who reported higher levels of preparedness and access to opportunities for knowledge acquisition were more likely to report engaging in interpersonal practices that supported patient and family centred decision making and emotional support of patients and their families. A negative relationship was identified between the explanatory variables of emotional support for nurses and death anxiety, and the patient and family centred decision making practice area. Contextual factors had a limited influence as explanatory variables of specific end-of-life care practice areas. Gender was identified as a significant explanatory variable in the emotional and spiritual support practice areas, with male gender associated with lower summated scores on these practice scales.
Conclusions:
Critical care nurses engage in practices to share control with and support inclusion of families experiencing death and dying. The most frequently identified end-of-life care practices were those that are easily implemented, practical strategies aimed at supporting the patient at the end of life and the patient's family. These practices arguably require less emotional engagement by the nurse. Critical care nurses' responses reflected values consistent with a palliative approach and a strong commitment to the inclusion of families in end-of-life care, and these factors were associated with engagement in all end-of-life care practice areas. Perceived preparedness or confidence with the provision of end-of-life care was associated with engagement in interpersonal caring practices. Critical care nurses autonomously engage in the provision of end-of-life care within the constraints of an environment designed for curative care and rely on their colleagues for emotional support. Critical care nurses must be adequately prepared and supported to provide comprehensive care in all areas of end-of-life care practice. The findings of this study raise important implications, and informed recommendations for practice, education and further research.
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Liepe, Juliane. "Novel descriptive and model based statistical approaches in immunology and signal transduction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12177.
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Biological systems are usually complex nonlinear systems of which we only have a limited understanding. Here we show three different aspects of investigating such systems. We present a method to extract detailed knowledge from typical biological trajectory data, which have randomness as a main characteristic. The migration of immune cells, such as leukocytes, are a key example of our study. The application of our methodology leads to the discovery of novel random walk behaviour of leukocyte migration. Furthermore we use the gathered knowledge to construct the under- lying mathematical model that captures the behaviour of leukocytes, or more precisely macrophages and neutrophils, under acute injury. Any model of a biological system has little predictive power if it is not compared to collected data. We present a pipeline of how complex spatio- temporal trajectory data can be used to calibrate our model of leukocyte migration. The pipeline employs approximate methods in a Bayesian framework. Using the same approach we are able to learn additional information about the underlying signalling network, which is not directly apparent in the cell migration data. While these two methods can be seen as data processing and analysis, we show in the last part of this work how to assess the information content of experiments. The choice of an experiment with the highest information content out of a set of possible experiments leads us to the problem of optimal experimental design. We develop and implement an algorithm for simulation based Bayesian experimental design in order to learn parameters of a given model. We validate our algorithm with the help of toy examples and apply it to examples in immunology (Hes1 transcription regulation) and signal transduction (growth factor induced MAPK pathway).
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Urbina, Juan Diego. "The statistical description of irregular eigenfunctions a semiclassical approach /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972555307.
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Dewhurst, Joseph Michael. "Statistical description and modelling of fusion plasma edge turbulence." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3903/.
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In tokamaks, heat and particle fluxes reaching the wall are often bursty and intermittent and understanding this behaviour is vital for the design of future reactors. Plasma edge turbulence plays an important role, its quantitative characterisation and modelling under different operating regimes is therefore an important area of research. Ion saturation current (Isat) measurements made in the edge region of the Large Helical Device (LHD) and Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) are analysed. Absolute moment analysis is used to quantify properties on different temporal scales of the measured signals, which are bursty and intermittent. In all data sets, two regions of power-law scaling are found, with the temporal scale τ≈40μs separating the two regimes. A monotonic relationship between connection length and skewness of the probability density function is found for LHD. A new numerical code, ‘HAWK,’ which solves the Hasegawa-Wakatani (HW) equations is presented. The HAWK code is successfully tested and used to study the HW model and modifications. The curvature-Hasegawa-Wakatani (CHW) equations include a magnetic field strength inhomogeneity, C = −∂lnB/∂x. The zonal-Hasegawa- Wakatani (ZHW) equations allow the self-generation of zonal flows. The statistical properties of the turbulent fluctuations produced by the HW model and variations thereof are studied. In particular, the probability density function of E × B density flux Γn = −n∂φ/∂y, structure functions, the bispectrum and transfer functions are investigated. Test particle transport is studied. For the CHW model, the conservation of potential vorticity Π = ∇2φ − n + (κ − C)x accounts for much of the phenomenology. Simple analytical arguments yield a Fickian relation Γn = (κ − C)Dx between the radial density flux Γn and the radial tracer diffusivity Dx. For the ZHW model, a subtle interplay between trapping in small scale vortices and entrainment in larger scale zonal flows determines the rate, character and Larmor radius dependence of the test particle transport. When zonal flows are allowed non-Gaussian statistics are observed. Radial transport (across the zones) is subdiffusive and decreases with the Larmor radius. Poloidal transport (along the zones), however, is superdiffusive and increases with small values of the Larmor radius.
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Wojtara-Perry, Shery. "The Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on the Success of Global Virtual Teams." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2180.
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Organizations in the age of modern technology have a diverse workforce, who are spread around the globe, and the business leaders of the 21st century need to understand how best to manage, overcome new challenges, and know the various skills of team members to capitalize on their differences and unique skills. To allow those geographically dispersed workers to reach their full potential and facilitate team success. Global virtual teams (GVTs) operate in complex environments characterized by diverse cultural and organizational elements. The primary purpose of this correlational and nonexperimental quantitative research was to examine the impact of transformational leadership on GVTs, their productivity, and job satisfaction with leadership effectiveness. Using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), data analyzes were completed through SurveyMonkey.com and SPSS software. The study measured transformational leadership, the independent variable, by the leader's ability to motivate workers to be satisfied and productive, and by the leader's effectiveness in the organization. Data were assessed by frequency analysis, moderation analyzes, and multiple regression analysis on the dependent variables of job satisfaction, leadership effectiveness, and productivity. The findings from this study reinforced the positive relationships found between transformational leadership, employee productivity, and leadership effectiveness in GVTs. Results also showed that motivated employees increase productivity and help in the organization's growth. Implications for positive social change included improvements in GVT interactions to increase the exchange of diverse ideas that lead to increased productivity and job satisfaction.
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Shepherd, Gareth William Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Automating the aetiological classification of descriptive injury data." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Safety Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24934.
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Injury now surpasses disease as the leading global cause of premature death and disability, claiming over 5.8 millions lives each year. However, unlike disease, which has been subjected to a rigorous epidemiologic approach, the field of injury prevention and control has been a relative newcomer to scientific investigation. With the distribution of injury now well described (i.e. ???who???, ???what???, ???where??? and ???when???), the underlying hypothesis is that progress in understanding ???how??? and ???why??? lies in classifying injury occurrences aetiologically. The advancement of a means of classifying injury aetiology has so far been inhibited by two related limitations: 1. Structural limitation: The absence of a cohesive and validated aetiological taxonomy for injury, and; 2. Methodological limitation: The need to manually classify large numbers of injury cases to determine aetiological patterns. This work is directed at overcoming these impediments to injury research. An aetiological taxonomy for injury was developed consistent with epidemiologic principles, along with clear conventions and a defined three-tier hierarchical structure. Validation testing revealed that the taxonomy could be applied with a high degree of accuracy (coder/gold standard agreement was 92.5-95.0%), and with high inter- and intra- coder reliability (93.0-96.3% and 93.5-96.3%). Practical application demonstrated the emergence of strong aetiological patterns which provided insight into causative sequences leading to injury, and led to the identification of effective control measures to reduce injury frequency and severity. However, limitations related to the inefficient and error-prone manual classification process (i.e. average 4.75 minute/case processing time and 5.0-7.5% error rate), revealed the need for an automated approach. To overcome these limitations, a knowledge acquisition (KA) software tool was developed, tested and applied, based on an expertsystems technique known as ripple down rules (RDR). It was found that the KA system was able acquire tacit knowledge from a human expert and apply learned rules to efficiently and accurately classify large numbers of injury cases. Ultimately, coding error rates dropped to 3.1%, which, along with an average 2.50 minute processing time, compared favourably with results from manual classification. As such, the developed taxonomy and KA tool offer significant advantages to injury researchers who have a need to deduce useful patterns from injury data and test hypotheses regarding causation and prevention.
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Shutler, Jamie D. "Velocity moments for holistic shape description of temporal features." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268462.
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Ministr, Martin. "Matematický model výskytu závad na vybraných stanicích montážní linky motorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228263.
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The quality and the defectiveness of production are important factors in all sectors of engineering industry. On their improve there are a lot of effective tools, descriptive statistics is one of them. Descriptive statistic has many applicable tools but this work primarily focuses on desription of production using time series plot, testing of statistical hypothesis, testing of mutual dependencies of particular defects and control diagrams drawing. It is about a project that connects practice with theory.
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Côté, François. "GNSS modulation: a unified statistical description with application to tracking bounds." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86778.
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A unifying framework for all signals belonging to the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Galileo system is presented and applied to assess the potential code tracking performance of modernized satellite radionavigation signals. The framework reconciles, under a single analytical formulation, subcarrier signaling schemes, including the Binary Offset Carrier (BOC), Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC), and Alternative Binary Offset Carrier (ALTBOC). The new formulation allows for the derivation of closed form equations for the Auto-Correlation Function (ACF) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) containing, as special cases, the corresponding functions for GPS and Galileo signals. The analytical expressions are used to obtain new bounds on code tracking accuracy based on the Ziv-Zakai Bound (ZZB). Although the code tracking performance of GPS and Galileo signals is typically investigated using the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB), the approach is heuristic. The CRB does not adequately describe the potential code tracking performance of weak or wideband signals and does not account for tracking biases. On the other hand, there are no such restrictions for Bayesian bounds such as the ZZB. However, because the CRB is easier to evaluate, it is advantageous to quantitatively identify when the CRB is a meaningful benchmark before having to resort to the ZZB. Therefore, thresholds on signal energy are provided to indicate necessary conditions for the use of the CRB. In agreement with information-theoretic developments, the thresholds reveal that a large signal bandwidth cannot reliably compensate for low signal energy in order to sustain code tracking performance.Un cadre unifié pour tous les signaux appartenant au système de positionnement global (GPS) et au système Galileo est présenté et appliqué afin de révéler la précision potentielle de la poursuite du code des signaux modernes de la radionavigation par satellite. Le cadre réconcilie, sous une formulation analytique, les modulations codées du type BOC, MBOC et ALTBOC (dites respectivement Binary Offset Carrier, Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier et Alternative Binary Offset Carrier). La nouvelle formulation permet d'obtenir des équations fermées propres aux fonctions d'autocorrélation (ACF) et de densité spectrale de puissance (PSD) contenant, à titre de cas spéciaux, les expressions correspondantes pour les signaux GPS et Galileo. Ces expressions conduisent à de nouvelles limites pour la précision de la poursuite du code basées sur la borne de Ziv-Zakai (ZZB). Quoique la performance de la poursuite du code des signaux GPS et Galileo est ordinairement évaluée en utilisant la borne de Cramér-Rao (CRB), l'approche n'est pas rigoureuse. La CRB n'est pas adéquate pour des signaux faibles ou à large bande passante, et ne peut refléter le comportement d'une poursuite biaisée. D'autre part, ces restrictions ne s'appliquent pas aux bornes bayésiennes, telle la ZZB. Or, la CRB peut être évaluée plus aisément que la ZZB, ainsi il est avantageux d'identifier concrètement les conditions supportant son utilisation avant d'avoir recours à la ZZB. Pour délimiter la validité de la CRB, un seuil sur l'énergie des signaux est établi. Soutenu par des développements basés sur la théorie de l'information, ce seuil révèle qu'une large bande passante ne peut compenser avec fiabilité la piètre précision d'une poursuite de signaux faibles.
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Reed, Matthew Gerard. "The statistical description of 3 dimensional spatial architecture : second-order stereology." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266494.
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Cau, Nicklasson Ronnie, Johan Melinder, and Sofie Törner. "Management Consultants Differ : A statistical descriptive analysis on how management consultants' personal background affects their work." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18170.
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Organizations constantly face the challenge of identifying, adopting and implementing necessary changes in order to stay competitive. An option for executing these changes is to contract an external management consultant with experience and expertise in organizational development. Our aim is to find if and how certain demographic variables of management consultants’ background affect how they identify an organizational development problem. This thesis is focused on management consultants within organizational development, and their responses when presented with a laboratory business simulation. There are limited generalization parallels to other consultancy areas and situations beyond the specific area of organizational development. We conducted a descriptive experimental study with 83 responding management consultants. Participants answered a questionnaire in combination with the presented business simulation, regarding how they identify problems based on their personal background. The data set was compiled statistically and rendered in IBM SPSS. Furthermore the answers were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and single correlation test statistics. We found that Management consultants showed a preference towards external environment as major contributing factor to the problem(s) at hand. Furthermore we found a positive relation to “Age” and “School”, and negative relation to “Work-life experience”. Consequently, management consultants do differ in their problem identification approach based on their personal background. With greater understanding of how management consultant differ, clients and supplier of management consulting services can better align consultants with organizational problem(s), in order to generate better synergy effect.
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Mahoney, Jessica. "The Ice Bucket Challenge and Its Name Calling Strategy through Social Media| A Descriptive Statistical Analysis." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1593228.
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Social networking sites are expanding the horizons of awareness campaigns by creating avenues for mass diffusion. The Ice Bucket Challenge, an ALS awareness campaign, diffused globally on social media platforms. The purpose of this research is to investigate the public perception of the Ice Bucket Challenge and its name calling strategy. The name calling strategy identified individuals by name and publicly nominated them on social media to participate in the campaign. This study investigates psychological reactance in the unique context of an interactive social media-based campaign. It seems that the name calling strategy was not perceived as a threat to freedom because it was communicated through close personal relationships on social networking sites. While the name calling strategy seems to have been a powerful propellant for diffusing the Ice Bucket Challenge, it also had an excluding effect. Nearly half of those did not participate in the Ice Bucket Challenge (46.1%) reported that they would have participated if they had been nominated.
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West, Amie October. "Something is Askew in Florida's Water: Arguing for a Better Descriptive Statistic for Positively Skewed Water-Quality Data." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4254.
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ABSTRACT
It may be of no surprise that water quality data is right-skewed, but what appears to be overlooked by some is that the arithmetic mean and standard deviation most often fail as measures of central tendency in skewed data. When using the arithmetic mean and arithmetic standard deviation with nutrient data, one standard deviation about the arithmetic mean can capture nearly all of the data and extend into negative values. Representing nutrient data this way can be misleading to viewers who are using the statistics, and making assumptions, to understand the characteristics of those waters. Through an in-depth statistical analysis of Florida's nitrogen and phosphorus data, I have found the geometric mean and multiplicative standard deviation capture a better representation of the central region of skewed data. Including the geometric mean and multiplicative standard deviation in the descriptive statistics of nutrient data is relatively simple with today's tools and helps to better describe the data. Adding these statistics can contribute to more effective understanding of nutrient concentrations, better application of data, and the development of better data-derived policy. While the suggestions of this paper are by no means original, it is with added evidence provided by the study of the skewness, distributions, and central regions of 53 nutrient data sets that I intend to help reiterate the argument that a few additional descriptive statistics can greatly empower the communication of data, and because of the ease with which they can now be calculated, there is no excuse to ignore them.
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Michas, G. "Generalized statistical mechanics description of fault and earthquake populations in Corinth rift (Greece)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1475005/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present thesis is to provide new insights into fault growth processes and the evolution of earthquake activity in one of the most seismically active area in Europe, the Corinth Rift (central Greece). The collective properties of fault and earthquake populations are studied in terms of statistical mechanics and the generalized framework termed as Non-Extensive Statistical Mechanics (NESM). By compiling a comprehensive dataset for the fault network in the Rift, the scaling properties of fault trace-lengths are studied by applying the NESM framework. In the debate of power-law versus exponential scaling in natural fault systems, the analysis indicates the transition from the one end-member to the other as a function of increasing strain in the Rift, providing quantitative evidence for a combination of crustal processes in a single tectonic setting. The results further imply that regional strain, fault interactions and the boundary condition of the brittle layer may control fault growth and fault network evolution in the Rift. The fragment-asperity model, which is derived in the NESM framework, is further used to describe the frequency-magnitude distribution of seismicity and estimate the recurrence times of large earthquakes in the region, supplemented and compared with the empirical Gutenberg-Richter scaling relation. The NESM based analysis of the temporal properties of earthquakes in the Rift indicates that seismicity evolves in temporal clusters, characterized by multifractal structures and both short-term and long-term clustering effects, which indicate highly non-random behavior. Such properties further imply non-linear diffusion phenomena in the evolution of the earthquake activity, a hypothesis that is tested for two case studies of induced seismicity in the Rift. The spatiotemporal properties of the two earthquake sequences are studied in terms of the Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) theory and the NESM framework and indicate a non-linear sub-diffusion process in the spatial relaxation of the earthquake activity in the region. Overall, the present thesis, based on the principles of generalized statistical mechanics, provides a physical rationale for the scaling properties of fault and earthquake populations in the Corinth Rift and demonstrates how these properties can provide new insights into the evolution of the earthquake activity and the fault network in the region.