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Academic literature on the topic 'Desert plants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Desert plants"

Rabbimov, Abdullo, Suxrob Karshiev, Laziza Gafurova, and Gulchexra Nabieva. "Breeding and Seed Farming of Desert Forage Plants in Uzbekistan." BIO Web of Conferences 82 (2024): 02028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248202028.

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The article provides a description of the best-zoned varieties of desert forage plants intended for the intensification of fodder production in the semi-desert and desert zones of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The features of agricultural technology for creating highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in desert and semi-desert zones are given. In the breeding of desert fodder plants, traditional methods were widely used, which consider the biological characteristics of the reproduction of each particular species. The created local varieties of desert fodder plants contributed to the creation of highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in the conditions of deserts and semi-deserts of Uzbekistan with fodder productivity of 19-27.0 q/ha of dry weight.

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Scarrow, Ryan. "Solar plants versus desert plants." Nature Plants 6, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-00753-5.

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Sosa, Victoria, Israel Loera, Diego F. Angulo, Marilyn Vásquez-Cruz, and Etelvina Gándara. "Climate change and conservation in a warm North American desert: effect in shrubby plants." PeerJ 7 (March 7, 2019): e6572. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6572.

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Background Deserts are biologically rich habitats with a vast array of animals and plants adapted to xeric conditions, and most deserts are among the planet’s last remaining areas of total wilderness. Among North American deserts, the Chihuahuan Desert has the highest levels of diversity and endemism. To understand the effect of future climate change on plants distributed in this arid land and propose effective conservation planning, we focused on five endemic shrubby species that characterize the Chihuahuan Desert and used an integrative approach. Methods Ecological niche-based modeling, spatial genetics and ecological resistance analyses were carried out to identify the effect of global warming on the studied five shrubby species. Key areas that need to be preserved were identified taking into account the existing protected areas within the Chihuahuan Desert. Results The extent of future distribution will vary among these species, and on average expansion will occur in the western part of the Chihuahuan Desert. For most species low environmental resistance to gene flow was predicted, while higher future resistance was predicted for one species that would lead to increased population isolation. The highest haplotype diversity was identified in three hotspots. Based on future suitability of habitat and in the haplotype diversity we suggest preserving two hotspots of genetic diversity in the Sierra Madre Oriental, located in areas without protection. The third hotspot was detected in the well preserved Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Man and Biosphere Reserve. Conclusion Global climate change will have an effect in arid adapted plants, favoring expansion in the western of the Chihuahuan Desert however negatively affecting others with high ecological resistance disrupting gene flow. Two hotspots of genetic diversity in the Sierra Madre Oriental should be protected.

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Schmid, Rudolf, and Avinoam Danin. "Plants of Desert Dunes." Taxon 45, no. 3 (August 1996): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1224170.

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Bartels, D. "Adaptations of desert organisms: Plants of desert dunes." Plant Science 120, no. 1 (October 1996): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9452(96)04473-1.

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Ahmed, Modi, Abeer Al Saleh, and Noor Al Dousari. "Ecological study on native plant diversity in Kuwait desert ecosystem." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1087, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1087/1/012029.

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Abstract The scarcity and irregularity of rainfall and the prevalence of strong northwesterly winds in Kuwait have a significant influence on the stability of the fragile ecosystem. The Aeolian landforms constitute most of the landscapes in Kuwait. Naturally grown native shrubs and trees can provide potential shelter to the soil surface in desert areas. To identify the characteristics of dominant perennial plant species, sediments of desert and saline (sabkhas) nabkha formed around different types of desert and halophytes plants are studied. Haloxylon salicornicum, Nitraria retusa, Cyperus conglomerates, Panicum turgidum, Rhanterium epapposum, Calligonum polygonoides, Stipagrostis plumosa Lycium shawii, Astragalus spinosus, Convolvolus oxyphyllus, Tamarix aucheriana, Halocnemum strobilaceum, and Citrullus colocynthis are landmarks characterizing the Arabian deserts and coastal salt marshes. The analyses of soil samples around the native plants showed that each native plants has its characteristics. The sediments of desert nabkhas differ from coastal nabkhas (Nitraria sp., Halocnemum sp., and Tamarix sp.). The sediments of coastal nabkha were characterized by lower pH, higher moisture content, total dissolved salts, and conductivity levels than desert nabkhas. Maximum mobile sediments were trapped by N. retusa, T. aucheriana, H. salicornicum, C. colocynthis, and L. shawii because of their ability to develop wider and longer nabkhas than other native plants. The vegetated dunes can trap maximum mobile sediments from 0.5 to 10.5 tons thus cost-saving per plant is estimated to be from 0.3 to 7.3 USD.

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Philippi, Tom. "Plants of Desert Dunes. Adaptations of Desert Organisms.Avinoam Danin." Quarterly Review of Biology 73, no. 1 (March 1998): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/420096.

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Namozov, N., B. Teshaboev, M. Saidova, D. Kodirova, M. Usmanova, and M. Tursinbaev. "Effectiveness of application of mineral fertilizers in growing food plants in desert pasture conditions of Uzbekistan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1068, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1068/1/012033.

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Abstract Pastures are the main source of fodder for the desert livestock of the country and can be used all year round. Pasture fodder is the cheapest source of fodder. This research work focused on the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of forage crops in desert pastures, phenological observations of desert forage plants, the determination of the amount of macronutrients in the vegetative organs of desert forage plants. Based on the results, one of the most effective ways to get high yields from desert forage plants was the use of mineral, local, micro and bacterial fertilizers. Moreover, it was found that preventing the degradation of sandy desert soils and improving fodder production for livestock depended on the planting and care of high-yielding desert forage crops, mainly in desert pastures. In general, the use of agro-technical measures was aimed at preventing the degradation of sandy desert soils and improving natural pastures, ensuring the germination of seeds of various desert forage plants in sandy desert soils, achieving growth and accumulation of high nutrient mass, and using mineral forage plants.

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Gibson, Arthur C. "Photosynthetic Organs of Desert Plants." BioScience 48, no. 11 (November 1998): 911–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1313295.

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Salvia, Elizabeth M., and Barry Rice. "Wetland Plants in the Desert." Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 32, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55360/cpn324.es229.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Desert plants"

Newell, Alan C., Patrick D. Shipman, and Todd J. Cooke. "Patterns on Desert Plants." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556802.

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The patterns seen in both the phyllotaxis and surface morphologies in the vicinity of the shoot apical meristems of plants are discussed. We begin with many pictures and a narrative descriptive of both the universal and anomalous features of desert and other plants. We then briefly outline explanations and open challenges. Although many of the special features of phyllotaxis have been known for over four centuries, only now are mechanistic explanations beginning to emerge.

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Norem, Margaret A. "Desert Plants - Table of Contents." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554342.

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Santiago-Blay, Jorge A., and Joseph B. Lambert. "Desert Plants and their Exudates." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556669.

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Waterfall, Patricia. "Care of Desert-Adapted Plants." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144826.

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20 pp.
Arid urban environment increases the potential insect problems in shrubs and trees. Urban stress conditions include extreme temperatures, salty irrigation water, and heavy soils. Further, many trees and shrubs available in nurseries are not adapted to these arid climates. This publication discusses in detail how to prevent or reduce insect and disease problems for desert-adapted plants by following proper planting, pruning, irrigation, and weed control practices.

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McCoy, Jan. "New Medicines From Desert Plants?" College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295640.

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Kool, Anneleen. "Desert Plants and Deserted Islands : Systematics and Ethnobotany in Caryophyllaceae." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Systematisk biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179853.

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Background. Caryophyllaceae is a large and cosmopolitic flowering plant family, however the systematics of many of its basal groups has been unclear, due to a lack of unambiguous morphology. Some members of Caryophyllaceae are used medicinally, e.g. Corrigiola roots in Morocco. Monitoring the trade in medicinal plants is complicated due to the absence of useful identification characters in plant products such as roots, bark, and powders. This thesis aims at elucidating the systematics and the ethnobotany of some of the basal clades in Caryophyllaceae. Methods. A comprehensive sampling from herbarium as well as market and field collected material was used in systematic studies combining morphological investigation, molecular phylogenetic and molecular dating analyses. Results. The data show that Polycarpon is polyphyletic, that Sphaerocoma is sister to Pollichia and shows some intraspecific variation, that Sanctambrosia falls within the genus Spergularia, and that both Spergula and Spergularia are monophyletic. Preliminary data suggest that Polycarpaea is polyphyletic and should be split into three larger and several smaller genera, that the members of Paronychia subgen. Anaplonychia will need to be transferred to Herniaria to maintain monophyly, and that Caryophyllaceae emerged during the Paleocene. All the major extant lineages originated in the Oligocene and diversified later. Using molecular identification it was possible to identify around 50% of the Moroccan medicinal roots to species level and an additional 30% to genus level. Discussion and conclusions. The polyphyletic Polycarpon needs to be split into at least three separate genera, but no name changes were made pending further research. The two species of Sphaerocoma were merged into one species with two subspecies. The San Ambrosio Island endemic Sanctambrosia, the only tree-like plant in Caryophyllaceae, is probably the result of a long distance dispersal event and its woody habit and gynodioecy are probably caused by inbreeding depression. Sanctambrosia manicata is transferred to Spergularia. Molecular identification put into practice on traded medicinal roots has a somewhat lower success rate than most theoretical studies, indicating that a global barcoding database would need to include reference sequences from a broad range of populations for each species.

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Abdoulgader, A. M. "Ecophysiological studies of several desert plants." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379576.

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Lampe, Kenneth F. "Contact Dermatitis from Sonoran Desert Plants." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609073.

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Johnson, Matthew B., and William R. Feldman. "Desert Plants, Volume 31, Number 1." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622043.

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Gubiani, Juliana Regina [UNESP]. "Bioprospecção de fungos endofílicos Camarops sp., Periconia atropurpurea e Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum e avaliação epigenética de Phoma sp." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/135922.

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Os fungos são considerados fontes promissoras de compostos bioativos com potencial aplicação na indústria alimentícia, agricultura e medicina, e de fato, diversos medicamentos utilizados na saúde pública são originárias de fungos. Estes são encontrados em vários ecossistemas, entre os quais podemos citar os que vivem no interior das espécies vegetais. Estes micro-organismos são denominados de endófitos e tem se revelado uma fonte promissora de metabólitos bioativos. Dentro deste contexto, este trabalho foi idealizado, objetivando a obtenção de substâncias potencialmente bioativas a partir do estudo químico e biológico dos extratos produzidos pelos fungos endofíticos Camarops sp., Periconia atropurpurea e Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum isolados de espécies vegetais do Cerrado e, o estudo epigenético de Phoma sp. isolado de espécie vegetal do Deserto de Sonora, utilizando no cultivo o modificador epigenético SAHA. Estes endófitos foram cultivados em escala reduzida em meios de cultivo líquidos e sólidos para obtenção dos extratos brutos, os quais foram submetidos a análises químicas (CCDC, HPLC e RMN de 1H) e biológicas (antifúngico, anticolinesterásico e citotóxico). Todos os extratos brutos apresentaram pelo menos uma atividade biológica, o que adicionado às análises químicas permitiram selecionar os meios de cultivo adequados para o crescimento em escala ampliada e, isolamento dos metabólitos secundários. Do cultivo de Camarops sp. no meio sólido de Milho isolou-se cinco substâncias, das quais quatro são inéditas 3-((1S,2S)-1,2-dihidroxibut-3-enil)-4-((E)-pent-1-enil)furan-2(5H)-ona (1), 3, 5, 9-trihidroxi presilfiperfolano (2), deacetilbotridial (3), ácido (E)-2,4-dimetilocta-2-enóico (4) e, ácido (E)-2,4-dimetilnon-2-enóico (5), os compostos 4 e 5 foram ativos na inibição da enzima acetilcolinesterase. Do extrato, obtido do meio líquido de Malte, de...
Fungi are considered promising sources of bioactive compounds with potential application in the food, agriculture and medicine industry, and in fact, many drugs used in public health originate from fungi. These are found in various ecosystems, among which we can mention those who live inside the plant species. These microorganisms are called endophytes and have proved to be a promising source of bioactive metabolites. Within this context, this work was carried out, aiming to obtain potentially bioactive substances from chemical and biological study of extracts produced by the endophytic fungi Camarops sp., Periconia atropurpurea and Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum isolated from plant species of the Cerrado and epigenetic studies of Phoma sp. isolated from plant species of the Sonoran Desert using in cultivation the epigenetic modifier SAHA. These endophytes were grown on small scale in liquid culture media and solid to obtain the crude extract. These were subjected to chemical analysis (TLC, HPLC and 1H NMR) and biological (antifungal, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic). All crude extracts showed at least one biological activity, which added the chemical analysis allowed to select the culture medium of appropriate for growth in large scale and isolation of secondary metabolites. The growing of Camarops sp. in solid medium of corn were isolated five compounds of which four are new 3-((1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxybut-3-enyl)-4-((E)-pent-1-enyl)furan-2(5H)-one (1), 3, 5, 9-trihydroxy presilphiperfolane (2), deacetyl-botrydial (3), (E)-2, 4-dimetilocta-2-enoic acid (4), and (E)-2, 4-dimetilnon-2-enoic acid (5), compounds 4 and 5 were active in inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. From the extract obtained from the liquid medium Malt, of P. atropurpurea were isolated the compounds 4,5-diethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[c][1,6]dioxecine-1,8-dione (6) and periconicina B (7). From the cultivation of P. stromaticum...

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Books on the topic "Desert plants"

Ramawat, K. G., ed. Desert Plants. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1.

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Reading, Susan. Desert plants. New York: Facts on File, 1990.

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John, Alcock. Sonoran Desert spring. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1994.

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Velzer, Lawrence G. Van. Desert dreams. Berkeley, Calif: Foolscap Press, 1997.

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Llamas, Andreu. Plants of the desert. New York: Chelsea House, 1996.

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ill, Fuller Tim, ed. A living desert. Mahwah, N.J: Troll Associates, 1988.

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Danin, Avinoam. Plants of Desert Dunes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60975-6.

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Lazaroff, David Wentworth. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum book of answers. Tucson, Ariz: Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Press, 1998.

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Ramawat, K. G. Desert plants: Biology and biotechnology. Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

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Legg, Gerald. Life in the desert. Brighton: Book House, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Desert plants"

Arora, Jaya, Shaily Goyal, and Kishan Gopal Ramawat. "Biodiversity, Biology and Conservation of Medicinal Plants of the Thar Desert." In Desert Plants, 3–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_1.

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Mandujano, María del Carmen, Israel Carrillo-Angeles, Concepción Martínez-Peralta, and Jordan Golubov. "Reproductive Biology of Cactaceae." In Desert Plants, 197–230. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_10.

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Ramos-Ordoñez, María F., Judith Márquez-Guzmán, and Ma del Coro Arizmendi. "Parthenocarpy and Seed Production in Burseraceae." In Desert Plants, 231–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_11.

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Su, Peixi. "Photosynthesis of C4 Desert Plants." In Desert Plants, 243–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_12.

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Kuznetsov, Vladimir V., and Nina I. Shevyakova. "Polyamines and Plant Adaptation to Saline Environments." In Desert Plants, 261–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_13.

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Kasera, Pawan K., and Sher Mohammed. "Ecology of Inland Saline Plants." In Desert Plants, 299–320. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_14.

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Villagra, Pablo E., Alejandra Vilela, Carla Giordano, and Juan A. Alvarez. "Ecophysiology of Prosopis Species From the Arid Lands of Argentina: What Do We Know About Adaptation to Stressful Environments?" In Desert Plants, 321–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_15.

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Nakano, Hiroshi. "Plant Growth Inhibitors From Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora)." In Desert Plants, 341–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_16.

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Rhouma, Soumaya, Salwa Zehdi-Azouzi, Sonia Dakhlaoui-Dkhil, Ali Ould Mohamed Salem, Ahmed Othmani, Emira Cherif, Mohamed Marrakchi, and Mokhtar Trifi. "Genetic Variation in the Tunisian Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)." In Desert Plants, 355–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_17.

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Bhansali, R. Raj. "Biology and Multiplication of Prosopis species Grown in the Thar Desert." In Desert Plants, 371–406. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Desert plants"

Artemieva, Elena. "DESERT SPECIES IN THE REGION AS INDICATORS OF DESERTIFICATION." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1711.978-5-317-06490-7/213-217.

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The distribution of desert species of plants and animals in the Ulyanovsk region (Middle Volga region) is associated with two main reasons: native origin and penetration (entry) from arid and semiarid regions. Deserted species of indigenous origin, as a rule, are located on the northern border of the range and move north along similar biotopes - salt marshes, saline steppe areas, arid steppes with elements of semi-deserts, etc. Most of these species are rare and are listed in the regional Red Book. Intertile desert species are often occupied by ruderal biotopes - silver goof, tamarix, etc. In general, in the biota of the Ulyanovsk region, desert species account for about 5%.

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Alsaedi, Najlaa, Hanan Alahmadi, and Liyakathunisa Syed. "Desert Plants Recognition by Bark Texture." In 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dese.2019.00032.

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Ahmed, Talaat, and Mohammed Alsafran. "Invitro conservation of some rare and threatened desert plants in Qatar." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.eepd715.

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Calvo-Parra, Gustavo, María Martínez, Daniel Sánchez, Óscar de la Rubia, and Pierre Chatenay. "Soiling effects comparison between CPV plants in continental and desert climates." In 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-13). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5001404.

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Fountoukis, Christos, Daniel Perez-Astudillo, and Dunia Bachour. "Solar radiation forecasting for a hybrid PV-CSP system in a desert, coastal city." In 8th International Hybrid Power Plants & Systems Workshop (HYB 2024). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2024.1859.

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Alanezi, Abdullah, and Mohammad H. Naraghi. "Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Development for a Desert Climate." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86588.

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The present work develops design guidelines for a photovoltaic power plant to shave peak electricity demand in an arid climate, which cover approximately 1/3rd of earth land mass and a good portion of this climate is in the Middle East and North Africa. In a typical desert climate, such as the Arabian Peninsula a large portion of the electricity consumed is due to the use of air conditioning units during hot sunny days. In the present work the energy consumption pattern of a typical building in an arid area is studied. Additionally, overall regional grid power demand in Tabuk located in Northwest of Saudi Arabia is studied. Guidelines for development of solar plants (i.e., panel ordinations) are presented to shave off the peak demand. It is determined that for most desert climates the peak electricity demand is between 2:00–5:00PM during summers.

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Price, Henry, and David Kearney. "Reducing the Cost of Energy From Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44069.

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Parabolic trough solar technology is the most proven and lowest cost large-scale solar power technology available today, primarily because of the nine large commercial-scale solar power plants that are operating in the California Mojave Desert. However, no new plants have been built during the past ten years because the cost of power from these plants is more expensive than power from conventional fossil fuel power plants. This paper reviews the current cost of energy and the potential for reducing the cost of energy from parabolic trough solar power plant technology based on the latest technological advancements and projected improvements from industry and sponsored R&D. The paper also looks at the impact of project financing and incentives on the cost of energy.

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Somasundaram, Rajeswari, Trupti Gokhale, Neeru Sood, and N. K. Rao. "Isolation and characterization of microbial strains associated with leguminous plants from desert soils." In Annual International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2489_biotech14.39.

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Alsharrah, Saad A., David A. Bruce, Rachid Bouabid, Sekhar Somenahalli, and Paul A. Corcoran. "High-spatial resolution multispectral and panchromatic satellite imagery for mapping perennial desert plants." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Ulrich Michel, Karsten Schulz, Manfred Ehlers, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos, and Daniel Civco. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2194643.

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Wenhao, Liu, Han Wanqiang, Jin Guili, Li Ying, Gong Ke, Ma Jian, Liu Zhibiao, Li Jiaxin, and Chen Mengtian. "Identification of Hyperspectral Characteristics of the Main Plants in Seriphidium Transiliense Desert Grassland." In XXV International Grassland Congress. Berea, KY 40403: International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0426.

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Reports on the topic "Desert plants"

Ehleringer, J. R. Water use, productivity and interactions among desert plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191973.

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Ehleringer, J. R. Water use, productivity and interactions among desert plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7014955.

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Ehleringer, J. R. Water use, productivity and interactions among desert plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6829765.

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Ehleringer, J. R. Water use, productivity and interactions among desert plants. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/515529.

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Ehleringer, J. R. Water use, productivity and interactions among desert plants. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10122872.

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Cytryn, Eddie, Mark R. Liles, and Omer Frenkel. Mining multidrug-resistant desert soil bacteria for biocontrol activity and biologically-active compounds. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598174.bard.

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Control of agro-associated pathogens is becoming increasingly difficult due to increased resistance and mounting restrictions on chemical pesticides and antibiotics. Likewise, in veterinary and human environments, there is increasing resistance of pathogens to currently available antibiotics requiring discovery of novel antibiotic compounds. These drawbacks necessitate discovery and application of microorganisms that can be used as biocontrol agents (BCAs) and the isolation of novel biologically-active compounds. This highly-synergistic one year project implemented an innovative pipeline aimed at detecting BCAs and associated biologically-active compounds, which included: (A) isolation of multidrug-resistant desert soil bacteria and root-associated bacteria from medicinal plants; (B) invitro screening of bacterial isolates against known plant, animal and human pathogens; (C) nextgeneration sequencing of isolates that displayed antagonistic activity against at least one of the model pathogens and (D) in-planta screening of promising BCAs in a model bean-Sclerotiumrolfsii system. The BCA genome data were examined for presence of: i) secondary metabolite encoding genes potentially linked to the anti-pathogenic activity of the isolates; and ii) rhizosphere competence-associated genes, associated with the capacity of microorganisms to successfully inhabit plant roots, and a prerequisite for the success of a soil amended BCA. Altogether, 56 phylogenetically-diverse isolates with bioactivity against bacterial, oomycete and fungal plant pathogens were identified. These strains were sent to Auburn University where bioassays against a panel of animal and human pathogens (including multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains such as A. baumannii 3806) were conducted. Nineteen isolates that showed substantial antagonistic activity against at least one of the screened pathogens were sequenced, assembled and subjected to bioinformatics analyses aimed at identifying secondary metabolite-encoding and rhizosphere competence-associated genes. The genome size of the bacteria ranged from 3.77 to 9.85 Mbp. All of the genomes were characterized by a plethora of secondary metabolite encoding genes including non-ribosomal peptide synthase, polyketidesynthases, lantipeptides, bacteriocins, terpenes and siderophores. While some of these genes were highly similar to documented genes, many were unique and therefore may encode for novel antagonistic compounds. Comparative genomic analysis of root-associated isolates with similar strains not isolated from root environments revealed genes encoding for several rhizospherecompetence- associated traits including urea utilization, chitin degradation, plant cell polymerdegradation, biofilm formation, mechanisms for iron, phosphorus and sulfur acquisition and antibiotic resistance. Our labs are currently writing a continuation of this feasibility study that proposes a unique pipeline for the detection of BCAs and biopesticides that can be used against phytopathogens. It will combine i) metabolomic screening of strains from our collection that contain unique secondary metabolite-encoding genes, in order to isolate novel antimicrobial compounds; ii) model plant-based experiments to assess the antagonistic capacities of selected BCAs toward selected phytopathogens; and iii) an innovative next-generation-sequencing based method to monitor the relative abundance and distribution of selected BCAs in field experiments in order to assess their persistence in natural agro-environments. We believe that this integrated approach will enable development of novel strains and compounds that can be used in large-scale operations.

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Freeman, Stanley, Russell Rodriguez, Adel Al-Abed, Roni Cohen, David Ezra, and Regina Redman. Use of fungal endophytes to increase cucurbit plant performance by conferring abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7613893.bard.

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Major threats to agricultural sustainability in the 21st century are drought, increasing temperatures, soil salinity and soilborne pathogens, all of which are being exacerbated by climate change and pesticide abolition and are burning issues related to agriculture in the Middle East. We have found that Class 2 fungal endophytes adapt native plants to environmental stresses (drought, heat and salt) in a habitat-specific manner, and that these endophytes can confer stress tolerance to genetically distant monocot and eudicot hosts. In the past, we generated a uv non-pathogenic endophytic mutant of Colletotrichum magna (path-1) that colonized cucurbits, induced drought tolerance and enhanced growth, and protected 85% - 100% against disease caused by certain pathogenic fungi. We propose: 1) utilizing path-1 and additional endophtyic microorganisms to be isolated from stress-tolerant local, wild cucurbit watermelon, Citrulluscolocynthis, growing in the Dead Sea and Arava desert areas, 2) generate abiotic and biotic tolerant melon crop plants, colonized by the isolated endophytes, to increase crop yields under extreme environmental conditions such as salinity, heat and drought stress, 3) manage soilborne fungal pathogens affecting curubit crop species growing in the desert areas. This is a unique and novel "systems" approach that has the potential to utilize natural plant adaptation for agricultural development. We envisage that endophyte-colonized melons will eventually be used to overcome damages caused by soilborne diseases and also for cultivation of this crop, under stress conditions, utilizing treated waste water, thus dealing with the limited resource of fresh water.

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Bolivar, Ángela, Juan Roberto Paredes, María Clara Ramos, Emma Näslund-Hadley, and Gustavo Wilches-Chaux. Sustainable Cities for Smart Urban Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006317.

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Once upon a time, there was a place with good soil for plants and good sources of water for wild animals. Many, many plants grew there, and many wild animals made it their home. People liked it too. In fact, so many people wanted it to be their home, they built a city. The world's big cities -that are now full of skyscrapers and wide concrete avenues, and where the only wild animals live in zoos- once looked very different. Many were farms. A few were jungles or swamps. A handful were desert oases. Even today, cities cannot be separated from the natural environment. Natural ecosystems provide the resources that cities need to develop and grow, including water, clean air, soil, food, and energy.

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Fang, Kuai, Xinye Ji, Chaopeng Shen, Noel Ludwig, Peter Godfrey, Tasnuva Mahjabin, and Christine Doughty. Assessing the nexus between groundwater and solar energy plants in a desert basin with a dual-model approach under uncertainty. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2229450.

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Samach, Alon, Douglas Cook, and Jaime Kigel. Molecular mechanisms of plant reproductive adaptation to aridity gradients. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696513.bard.

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Annual plants have developed a range of different mechanisms to avoid flowering (exposure of reproductive organs to the environment) under adverse environmental conditions. Seasonal environmental events such as gradual changes in day length and temperature affect the timing of transition to flowering in many annual and perennial plants. Research in Arabidopsis and additional species suggest that some environmental signals converge on transcriptional regulation of common floral integrators such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Here we studied environmental induction of flowering in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Similarly to Arabidopsis, the transition to flowering in M. truncatula is hastened by long photoperiods and long periods of vernalization (4°C for 2-3 weeks). Ecotypes collected in Israel retain a vernalization response even though winter temperatures are way above 4°C. Here we show that this species is also highly responsive (flowers earlier) to mild ambient temperatures up to 19°C simulating winter conditions in its natural habitat. Physiological experiments allowed us to time the transition to flowering due to low temperatures, and to compare it to vernalization. We have made use of natural variation, and induced mutants to identify key genes involved in this process, and we provide here data suggesting that an FT gene in M.truncatula is transcriptionally regulated by different environmental cues. Flowering time was found to be correlated with MtFTA and MtFTB expression levels. Mutation in the MtFTA gene showed a late flowering phenotype, while over-expressing MtFTA in Arabidopsis complemented the ft- phenotype. We found that combination of 4°C and 12°C resulted in a synergistic increase in MtFTB expression, while combining 4°C and long photoperiods caused a synergistic increase in MtFTA expression. These results suggest that the two vernalization temperatures work through distinct mechanisms. The early flowering kalil mutant expressed higher levels of MtFTA and not MtFTB suggesting that the KALIL protein represses MtFTA specifically. The desert ecotype Sde Boker flowers earlier in response to short treatments of 8-12oc vernalization and expresses higher levels of MtFTA. This suggests a possible mechanism this desert ecotype developed to flower as fast as possible and finish its growth cycle before the dry period. MtFTA and FT expression are induced by common environmental cues in each species, and expression is repressed under short days. Replacing FT with the MtFTA gene (including regulatory elements) caused high MtFTA expression and early flowering under short days suggesting that the mechanism used to repress flowering under short days has diversified between the two species.The circadian regulated gene, GIGANTEA (GI) encodes a unique protein in Arabidopsis that is involved in flowering mechanism. In this research we characterized how the expression of the M.truncatula GI ortholog is regulated by light and temperature in comparison to its regulation in Arabidopsis. In Arabidopsis GI was found to be involved in temperature compensation to the clock. In addition, GI was found to be involved in mediating the effect of temperature on flowering time. We tested the influence of cold temperature on the MtGI gene in M.truncatula and found correlation between MtGI levels and extended periods of 12°C treatment. MtGI elevation that was found mostly after plants were removed from the cold influence preceded the induction of MtFT expression. This data suggests that MtGI might be involved in 12°C cold perception with respect to flowering in M.truncatula. GI seems to integrate diverse environmental inputs and translates them to the proper physiological and developmental outputs, acting through several different pathways. These research enabled to correlate between temperature and circadian clock in M.truncatula and achieved a better understanding of the flowering mechanism of this species.

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