Journal articles: 'Desertification Africa'

1

Tolba, Mostafa Kamal. "Desertification in Africa." Land Use Policy 3, no. 4 (October 1986): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(86)90023-2.

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Goncharov, Leongard, and C. S. Whitaker. "Recommendations: Environmental Protection, Particularly Activities to Prevent Further Desertification." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 17, no. 1 (1988): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700500845.

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Another critical problem for Africa, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa is that of desertification. The crisis of desertification in the Sahel and other dryland regions of Africa increases exponentially, that is, its effects are incrementally debilitating. Each year of delay in dealing with this problem in an effective way, using available technology and resources, moves the problem further beyond our capacity to handle it. Furthermore, desertification has many direct and indirect effects on, among others, food production, land use, transport, housing, and weather patterns, further compounding the problem. The scale of the problem is enormous, and neither African governments nor international organizations organizations have mounted an effective response. The problem of desertification in Africa is, however, to a great extent, a tale of opportunities missed. The application of existing technology and resources has encountered obstacles and resistance, while potential resources have failed to materialize.

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Senut, Brigitte, Martin Pickford, and Loïc Ségalen. "Neogene desertification of Africa." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 341, no. 8-9 (August 2009): 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2009.03.008.

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Westing, Arthur H. "Population, Desertification, and Migration." Environmental Conservation 21, no. 2 (1994): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900024528.

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It is noted that the number of more or less permanently displaced persons throughout the world (now of the order of 1% of the total human population) continues to increase at a rate of approximately 3 millions per year; the situation in Africa is especially grave, with the number of displaced persons there (now of the order of 3% of the African population), continuing to increase at a rate of approximately 1.5 million per year. Human displacement — which can be seen to originate largely in rural areas — results primarily from one or more of three factors, namely escape from persecution, escape from military activities, or escape from inadequate means of subsistence. A number of examples from Africa are provided of the social and political consequences of human displacement, with emphasis on conflict situations at the sites of relocation.It is further noted that the numbers of displaced persons continue to grow relentlessly despite there being no discernible rise in persecution or military activities, and despite the long-sustained ameliorative efforts and financial assistance by intergovernmental agencies and others.It is accordingly suggested that the major cause of the continuing increase in the numbers of displaced persons is an ever-growing imbalance between population numbers and the human carrying capacity of the land. Population increases lead to smaller per caput natural resource bases, a predicament exacerbated by over-use — and thus degradation — of the land and its natural resources. In the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa, over-use of the land most often takes the form of overgrazing, leading to land degradation that is severe enough to be referred to as desertification. It is concluded that to achieve sustainable utilization of the land and its natural resources will necessitate the integrated attainment of environmental security and societal security — the latter inter alia requiring participatory governance, non-violent means of conflict resolution, and especially population controls.

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SHINODA, Masato. "Drought and Desertification in Tropical Africa." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 100, no. 6 (1991): 910–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.100.6_910.

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Dodd, Jerrold L. "Desertification and Degradation in Sub-Saharan Africa." BioScience 44, no. 1 (January 1994): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1312403.

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7

Tiffen, Mary, and Michael Mortimore. "Questioning desertification in dryland sub-Saharan Africa." Natural Resources Forum 26, no. 3 (August 2002): 218–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0165-0203.t01-1-00023.

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8

Nur, Idris M. "Current Extent of Disasters in Africa." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 14, no. 2 (June 1999): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00027308.

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AbstractThe people oFf Africa are exposed to a wide range of disasters that seriously have aggravated the Continent's economic situation. Economic losses and human sufferings from drought, desertification, locust infestation, infectious diseases, epidemics, and armed conflicts are the dominant disasters that the people in the African countries face, and they have rendered the population utterly vulnerable. Disasters have aggravated Africa's economic situation. The cumulative effect of disasters include loss of property, injury, death, mounting food import bills, health hazards, environmental degradation, backward economic development, displaced people, refugees, and nutritional deficiency.Today, 175 million Africans out of a total population of 744 million people (23.5%) are suffering from chronic hunger; this is an increase of 50% from 25years ago. In many African countries, up to half of the population suffers from absolute poverty. It is projected that Africa will be the only Continent to continue with the current level of poverty for another decade.

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Oyama, Shuichi. "Cleaning the City and Regreening the Land for Positive Chain of Food Production, and Countermeasure for Conflicts among Farmers and Herders in Sahel, West Africa." Impact 2020, no. 9 (December 30, 2020): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.9.63.

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Desertification refers to the degradation of land. In the process, biological productivity is lost. This can occur for many reasons, including natural processes and human activities. It is difficult, if not impossible, to grow crops and fodder on land where desertification has occurred as the land is unfertile. This is a growing problem in countries around the world. The impact is particularly significant when desertification occurs in countries where semi-arid regions are located, as these are the places where vast quantities of plants are grown. With the demand for food on the rise as the human population continues to grow, this is becoming a bigger and bigger issue. Professor Shuichi Oyama, Centre for African Area Studies (CAAS), Kyoto University, Japan, is interested in the unequal arrangement between rural residents who grow food and city residents who consume food, which is one of the factors leading to desertification. He is keen to redress the imbalance of nutrients and prevent and reverse desertification in order that crops and fodder can be replenished and the future of civilisation protected. Oyama's focus is on regreening land where desertification has occurred, as well as cleaning up cities across the Sahel, West Africa. This involves returning organic waste, including animal manure and plant residue, from cities to degraded land in rural areas, where it can help replenish the chemical, physical and biological soil properties. The research is expected to positively impact food production and the fertility of land, as well as reaping societal benefits such as preventing ethnic conflicts among farmers and herders in central Sahel.

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KADOMURA, Hiroshi. ""Desertification" in Tropical Africa. Setting a New Strategy." Kikan Chirigaku 50, no. 4 (1998): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5190/tga.50.287.

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11

NNOLI, OKWUDIBA. "Desertification, Refugees and Regional Conflict in West Africa." Disasters 14, no. 2 (June 1990): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1990.tb01054.x.

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12

Little, Peter D. "Pastoralism, biodiversity, and the shaping of savanna landscapes in East Africa." Africa 66, no. 1 (January 1996): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161510.

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AbstractEast Africa possesses a rich historical and archaeological record documenting the significant influences of pastoral land use on savanna habitats. In this article the author explores the heterogeneity of savanna landscapes and its effects on local resource use. It is suggested that fundamental misunderstanding of key resources—in this case, wetlands—and their importance to local social and economic systems has misdirected arguments about environmental degradation in pastoral savanna areas. By focusing on a region of northern Kenya—the Lake Baringo basin of Baringo District—where global concern about biodiversity loss and ‘desertification’ are both strongly voiced, the article argues that the causal connection of local social practice with either phenomenon has been vastly exaggerated. In the case of Baringo it shows (1) how the value of the basin's swamps is constantly misunderstood by the state and other outside interests, and (2) how the perceived role of African herding in creating environmental degradation (‘desertification’) contradicts the recent acknowledgement of pastoralism's positive contribution to maintaining biodiversity.

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Gadzama, Njidda Mamadu. "Attenuation of the effects of desertification through sustainable development of Great Green Wall in the Sahel of Africa." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 14, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-02-2016-0021.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the Great Green Wall (GGW) Project initially financed by the United Nation’s Global Environment Facility Trust Fund, is a Pan African proposal in greening the Sahel of Africa from West (Dakar) to the East (Djibouti). It aims at reducing poverty and soil degradation in this region, taking into account the effects of desertification and climate change on sustainability of livelihoods. Design/methodology/approach Several desertification attenuation projects in Nigeria are employing different methods for maximum benefits obtainable from the objectives of the particular projects. As noted above, however, the approach of GGW is to improve the alternative livelihoods of the people by their active participating in the implementation of the project. It is also noted that environmental impact assessment, community reconnaissance or needs assessments might be initial part of pre-project activities, thereby making the communities more aware and educated of the impending environmental problems. Findings Desertification has reached an alarming state in Nigeria. The frontline desert threatened States of Nigeria constitute 43 percent of the land mass of the country. With increased pressure of desertification, exacerbated by a period of prolonged drought of more than 20 years, climate change and human activities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain sustainability in the management of the fragile lands and the region’s ecosystem. Strategic interventions in combating the problem of desertification in Nigeria have attenuated some of the detrimental social, economic and environmental impacts on the affected communities. Programmes and projects have strengthened the resilience of the people, participating in sand dune stabilization, the Great Green Wall Sahara Sahel Initiative, including shelterbelt developments. Government has sustained inputs in environmentally friendly agriculture and also encouraged synergetic collaborative activities with international and national NGOs, international agencies and local institutions. Originality/value These results/activities give evidence of the increased public awareness of environmental degradation due to desertification and climate change in Nigeria; the realization in environmental stabilization needs with ready participation of the communities for improved livelihoods in environmental activities and arid agriculture as supported by the National Great Green Wall (NAGGW) program of the country; resulting in internalization of these projects supporting livelihoods for sustainability in the Sahel of Nigeria.

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Kertész, Ádám. "Is desertification a problem in Hungary?" Landscape & Environment 10, no. 3-4 (September 20, 2016): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/10/3-4/18.

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The term of “desertification” refers to a land degradation processes of arid, semiarid and sub-humidareas. Although the concept originates from Sub-Saharan Africa, desertification threatens also the areaof Hungary. The greatest desertification risk is in the central part of the country, in the Danube-TiszaInterfluve where drought has always been a huge problem for the local society. Aridification processesare mainly due to climate change. Temperature increase and precipitation decrease as well as the increaseof the frequency and amplitude of extreme events contribute to the acceleration of desertification risk.Severe or moderate droughts occur in Hungary nearly every year. Drought frequency has increased,primarily in the last decades. Main findings of several research projects of MEDALUS II and III EUFramework projects (experiments on the effects of climate change on vegetation, soils and ground waterlevel) are summarized in the paper.

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15

Hoffman, M. T., and R. M. Cowling. "Desertification in the lower Sundays River Valley, South Africa." Journal of Arid Environments 19, no. 1 (July 1990): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)30834-6.

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16

Olsson, Lennart. "Desertification in Africa ? A critique and an alternative approach." GeoJournal 31, no. 1 (September 1993): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00815899.

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Johnson, Douglas L. "Nomadism and desertification in Africa and the Middle East." GeoJournal 31, no. 1 (September 1993): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00815903.

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18

Symeonakis, E., and N. Drake. "Monitoring desertification and land degradation over sub-Saharan Africa." International Journal of Remote Sensing 25, no. 3 (February 2004): 573–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0143116031000095998.

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19

Verdum, Denise Quevedo, Lisiane Zanini e Luciane Cândido, Roberto. "Desertificação: Questionando as Bases Conceituais, Escalas de Análise e Consequëncias." GEOgraphia 3, no. 6 (September 21, 2009): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/geographia2001.36.a13413.

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Resumo Considerando o interesse na temática da arenização no sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e o estímulo à reflexão, pensa-se que é fundamental expor e discutir os critérios que estruturam o(s) conceito(s) de desertificação, através da análise de como este conceito tem sido apresentado nas pesquisas científicas, nos livros didáticos e na prática universitária. Quando se busca a compreensão da gênese e as bases que forjaram o conceito do processo denominado desertificação, procura-se o balizamento a partir de dois critérios essenciais para o estudo de qualquer processo: o espaço geográfico e o tempo de sua ocorrência. A partir da análise desses dois critérios e das alterações provocadas nas sociedades humanas percebem-se significativas diferenças nos conceitos de desertificação, assim como em relação as propostas de combatê-la. Sendo assim, inicialmente este artigo têm a intenção de incitar a reflexão no que se refere a essas diferenças, trazendo algumas bases referenciais, o uso desses conceitos em livros didáticos de maior uso na rede escolar e a produção dos alunos de pós-graduação do curso de Mestrado em Geografia da UFRGS, na disciplina denominada Desertificação: questão ambiental. Palavras chave: desertificação, arenização, ambiental.Abstract The word desertification has been repeatedly applied to southwestern Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. This paper questions if this is the right word to use. Below, we review how this word is used in the scientific literature, textbooks and in universities. For all of Geography the meaning of a word must be provided in its both spatial and temporal dimensions. Spatially desertification has been used to arid, semi-arid, semi-wet regions. Examples of this are found in the northeast of Brazil and the Sahel in Africa. The temporal use of desertification is perhaps harder to be as precise, but has been generally used for different time scales. Examples of this are the desertification in a tropical zone of Africa, identified since 1949, the desertification in Brazil identified since 1970 and in others places of the world where the desertification is associated with the global climate change of the Quatemary Period. Key words: desertification, enviromental

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20

Verdum, Denise Quevedo, Lisiane Zanini e Luciane Cândido, Roberto. "Desertificação: Questionando as Bases Conceituais, Escalas de Análise e Consequëncias." GEOgraphia 3, no. 6 (September 21, 2009): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/geographia2001.v3i6.a13413.

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Resumo Considerando o interesse na temática da arenização no sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e o estímulo à reflexão, pensa-se que é fundamental expor e discutir os critérios que estruturam o(s) conceito(s) de desertificação, através da análise de como este conceito tem sido apresentado nas pesquisas científicas, nos livros didáticos e na prática universitária. Quando se busca a compreensão da gênese e as bases que forjaram o conceito do processo denominado desertificação, procura-se o balizamento a partir de dois critérios essenciais para o estudo de qualquer processo: o espaço geográfico e o tempo de sua ocorrência. A partir da análise desses dois critérios e das alterações provocadas nas sociedades humanas percebem-se significativas diferenças nos conceitos de desertificação, assim como em relação as propostas de combatê-la. Sendo assim, inicialmente este artigo têm a intenção de incitar a reflexão no que se refere a essas diferenças, trazendo algumas bases referenciais, o uso desses conceitos em livros didáticos de maior uso na rede escolar e a produção dos alunos de pós-graduação do curso de Mestrado em Geografia da UFRGS, na disciplina denominada Desertificação: questão ambiental. Palavras chave: desertificação, arenização, ambiental.Abstract The word desertification has been repeatedly applied to southwestern Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. This paper questions if this is the right word to use. Below, we review how this word is used in the scientific literature, textbooks and in universities. For all of Geography the meaning of a word must be provided in its both spatial and temporal dimensions. Spatially desertification has been used to arid, semi-arid, semi-wet regions. Examples of this are found in the northeast of Brazil and the Sahel in Africa. The temporal use of desertification is perhaps harder to be as precise, but has been generally used for different time scales. Examples of this are the desertification in a tropical zone of Africa, identified since 1949, the desertification in Brazil identified since 1970 and in others places of the world where the desertification is associated with the global climate change of the Quatemary Period. Key words: desertification, enviromental

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Silberfein, Marilyn, and Michael Mortimore. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa." Economic Geography 66, no. 1 (January 1990): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/144112.

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22

Bjorkelo, Anders, and Michael Mortimer. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines, and Desertification in West Africa." International Journal of African Historical Studies 24, no. 1 (1991): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220116.

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23

Warren, Andrew, and Michael Mortimore. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa." Geographical Journal 156, no. 2 (July 1990): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/635351.

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24

Vermeer, Donald E., and Michael Mortimore. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa." African Studies Review 33, no. 2 (September 1990): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524476.

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25

Wallach, Bret, and Michael Mortimore. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa." Geographical Review 80, no. 4 (October 1990): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215860.

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26

McTainsh, Grant H. "A Dust Monitoring Programme for Desertification Control in West Africa." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 1 (1986): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900035827.

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To date, the principal constraint upon the implementation of a dust monitoring programme for desertification control in West Africa, is our limited knowledge of the dust processes to be monitored. A review of the state of dust research in Africa and over the Atlantic reveals a strong imbalance in favour of the latter, and resolves some misconceptions concerning dust source-areas and the relative importance of winter and summer dust. The results of Atlantic Ocean dust research are here brought together with the recent results of Harmattan dust research in Nigeria to demonstrate, at least tentatively, that the Harmattan and winter dust comprise a contiguous aeolian process system referred to as the Harmattan aeolian system.The Harmattan aeolian system is used here as a conceptual framework for the dust monitoring programme. Three dust process-zones are identified, within which three basic aeolian processes operate: dust entrainment (primary and secondary), dust transport, and dust deposition (primary and secondary). Within each dust process-zone, standardized dust collection, measurement, and analysis techniques, are proposed for a network of monitoring sites. Entrainment and transport can be measured — directly using aerosol pump-samplers and indirectly by relating dust-aerosol concentration to solar radiation and visibility. The indirect approach has the advantage that it opens up a large body of historical data on dust and, therefore, desertification. Deposition can be measured using dust-traps. The importance of such aspects as site characteristics, measurement period, and laboratory methods, are also discussed. Finally, a minimal administrative structure is suggested, allowing for the possibility of UNEP or other major support.

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27

Ikazaki, Kenta. "Desertification and a new countermeasure in the Sahel, West Africa." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 61, no. 3 (May 4, 2015): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2015.1025350.

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28

Archer, E. RM, and M. A. Tadross. "Climate change and desertification in South Africa—science and response." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 26, no. 3 (December 2009): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajrf.2009.26.3.3.948.

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McNicoll], [Geoffrey, and Michael Mortimore. "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa." Population and Development Review 15, no. 4 (December 1989): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1972612.

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Hoffman, M. Timm. "Environmental History and the Desertification of the Karoo, South Africa." Giornale botanico italiano 129, no. 1 (January 1995): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509509436134.

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Dean, W. R. J., M. T. Hoffinan, M. E. Meadows, and S. J. Milton. "Desertification in the semi-arid Karoo, South Africa: review and reassessment." Journal of Arid Environments 30, no. 3 (July 1995): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(05)80001-1.

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Msangi, J. P. "Drought Hazard and Desertification Management in the Drylands of Southern Africa." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 99, no. 1-3 (January 2004): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-004-4002-x.

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Weissflog, L., G. H. J. Krüger, K. Kellner, J. J. Pienaar, A. Pfennigsdorff, K. Seyfarth, and B. Ondruschka. "Trichloroacetic Acid as Additional Factor Contributing to Desertification in Southern Africa." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 99, no. 1-3 (January 2004): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-004-4034-2.

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Sarlak, Mahnaz, Laura Valeria Ferretti, and Rita Biasi. "The Productive Landscape in the Desert Margin for the Sustainable Development of Rural Settlements: An Innovative Greenbelt for Maranjab Desert in Iran." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042077.

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About two billion rural individuals depend on agricultural systems associated with a high amount of risk and low levels of yield in the drylands of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Human activities, climate change and natural extreme events are the most important drivers of desertification. This phenomenon has occurred in many regions of Iran, particularly in the villages in the periphery of the central desert of Iran, and has made living in the oases so difficult that the number of abandoned villages is increasing every year. Land abandonment and land-use change increase the risk of desertification. This study aims to respond to the research questions: (i) does the planning of green infrastructures on the desert margin affect the distribution and balance of the population? (ii) how should the green belt be designed to have the greatest impact on counteracting desertification?, and (iii) does the design of productive landscape provide the solution? Through a wide-ranging and comprehensive approach, this study develops different scenarios for designing a new form of green belt in order to sustainably manage the issues of environmental protection, agricultural tradition preservation and desertification counteraction. This study proposes a new-traditional greenbelt including small low-cost and low-tech projects adapted to rural scale.

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Mahlatsi, Monaheng. "Climate Change: Towards Compensating Africa for Economic Growth and Development by Industrialized Countries." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 9, no. 3 (October 19, 2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v9i3.2474.

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On one hand, anthropogenic climate change is real and affecting the world economy in general and Africa in particular. On the other hand, the policy of climate change adaptation as the solution to the problem of climate change is seriously unsuccessful in Africa. Even though climate change is affecting the whole world, Africa is the most vulnerable continent that is economically affected. This is due to a variety of interconnected consequences of climate change such as droughts, floods, desertification, diseases and poor agricultural system including other unknown factors. This article focuses on challenges facing the implementation of climate change adaptation policy in Africa. The implementation of the policy of mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions will not be discussed. The aim of the article is to investigate the underlying implications of climate change adaptation policy that hamper smooth growth and development of the African economy. To achieve this aim, the theoretical research method will be utilized. This article concludes that Africa cannot afford to adapt to climate change because of its extreme poverty and will remain economically poor and suffer the consequences of climate change if industrialized countries are reluctant to compensate it. Therefore, the article argues that industrialized countries have a moral duty to compensate Africa for the harm they have caused through industrialization. The compensation will boost the African economy that is necessary for climate change adaptation.

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Zheng, Xinyu, and Elfatih A. B. Eltahir. "The Role of Vegetation in the Dynamics of West African Monsoons." Journal of Climate 11, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 2078–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442-11.8.2078.

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Abstract The focus of this paper is the role of meridional distribution of vegetation in the dynamics of monsoons and rainfall over West Africa. A moist zonally symmetric atmospheric model coupled with a simple land surface scheme is developed to investigate these processes. Four primary experiments have been carried out to examine the sensitivity of West African monsoons to perturbations in the meridional distribution of vegetation. In the control experiment, the authors assume a distribution of vegetation that resembles the natural vegetation cover in West Africa. Each perturbation experiment is identical to the control experiment except that a change in vegetation cover is imposed for a latitudinal belt that is 10° in width. The results of the numerical experiments demonstrate that West African monsoons and therefore rainfall distribution depend critically on the location of the vegetation perturbations. Changes in vegetation cover along the border between the Sahara desert and West Africa (desertification) may have a minor impact on the simulated monsoon circulation. However, coastal deforestation may cause the collapse of the monsoon circulation and have a dramatic impact on the regional rainfall. The observed deforestation in West Africa is then likely to be a significant contributor to the observed drought.

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Chichagov, V. P. "ARID PLAINS OF NORTHWESTERN AFRICA: STRUCTURE, FLUVIAL MORPHOSCULPTURE AND HUMAN-INDUCED DESERTIFICATION." Geomorphology RAS, no. 1 (June 29, 2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2008-1-95-108.

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Thomas, David. "Desertification: the uneasy interface between science, people & environmental issues in Africa." Review of African Political Economy 24, no. 74 (December 1997): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056249708704283.

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TAKAHASHI, Kazuma. "The attempt to prevent the desertification in the Sahel region in Africa." Tropics 11, no. 1 (2001): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3759/tropics.11.5.

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Darkoh, M. B. K. "The nature, causes and consequences of desertification in the drylands of Africa." Land Degradation & Development 9, no. 1 (January 1998): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-145x(199801/02)9:1<1::aid-ldr263>3.0.co;2-8.

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Davis, Diana K. "Indigenous knowledge and the desertification debate: problematising expert knowledge in North Africa." Geoforum 36, no. 4 (July 2005): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.08.003.

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Jamal, Alia. "The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Counties Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa; Implementing Agenda 21." Review of European Community and International Environmental Law 6, no. 1 (March 1997): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9388.00068.

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Prothero, R. Mansell. "Mortimore, Michael, "Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in Africa" (Book Review)." Third World Planning Review 12, no. 1 (February 1990): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/twpr.12.1.rh02014267505l27.

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Baranzini, Andrea, and José Goldemberg. "Desertification, energy consumption and liquified petroleum gas use, with an emphasis on Africa." Energy for Sustainable Development 2, no. 5 (January 1996): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0973-0826(09)60001-6.

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Desjardins, Melanie Requier. "The economic costs of desertification: a first survey of some cases in Africa." International Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (2006): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsd.2006.011641.

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Kerley, Graham I. H., Michael H. Knight, and Mauritz de Kock. "Desertification of subtropical thicket in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: Are there alternatives?" Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 37, no. 1-3 (January 1995): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00546890.

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Ikeke, Mark Omorovie. "Environmental Ethics and Environmental Governance for Security in Africa." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p67.

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The paper argues that an important aspect of security is environmental security. Without environmental security every other form of security is impeded. There need to be effective environmental governance if there is to be stable environmental security. The paper equally argues that environmental governance should be based on non-anthropocentric environmental ethics. Environmental governance is here understood to imply bringing human and governmental policies and legal frameworks to bear on the management of environmental resources. All over Africa there are a lot of environmental problems such as resource conflicts, climate change, desertification, deforestation, gas flaring, etc. These problems have to be eradicated for the good of the biotic community. This is why the paper is advocating for non-anthropocentric environmental ethics. The paper uses critical hermeneutic/analytic methods to examine the issues. The paper concludes that environmental governance informed by non-anthropocentric environmental ethics is a quintessential for security of lives/ properties in Africa. Keywords: Environment, ethics, security, governance, environmental ethics, environmental security, environmental governance, and Africa

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Thlakma, Richard Sunday, and John Eche Omale. "AN ASSESSMENT OF THE VARIOUS MITIGATION STRATEGIES TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION IN JIBIA AND KAITA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KATSINA STATE." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i2.10192.

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This study was conducted on an assessment of the various mitigation strategies to combat desertification in Jibia and Kaita Local Government Areas of Katsina State, Nigeria. The data use includes Satellite imageries for the study such as landsat MSS of 1976, landsat TM of 1987, SPOT XS of 1995 and landsat ETM of 2006 as well as structured questionnaires. Sixty close ended copies of the Questionnaire were administered in the study. Purposive sampling method of administering questionnaires was adopted. The percentages land mass covered for each of these variables was determined and estimated in M2. literature was obtained from various agencies which were responsible for desertification control in Katsina state. It was found from the reserved forest that in 1976 the percentage of reserved forest was 2.57%. In 1987 however, it increased by 73.9% to 76.47 %. By 1995, it declined by 9.42% to 67.05% and further declined by 0.52% in 2006. Effort to combat desertification through the use of reserved forest has been quite significant over the years. Also, noticed was a declined in shelter belt from 5.91% in 1987 to 1.097% in 1995 and a shot up to 7.39% in 2006. About 37% of the respondent opined that the deforestation leads to the disappearance of trees while 33% pinioned that it leads to reduction on agricultural productivity. The major strategy adopted to combat desertification is tree planting as supported by 88% of the respondents. It found that desertification as major environmental problem of the study area has reduced drastically from 43.34% in 1976 to 1.29% in 2006. It was also revealed from this study that some organizations such as European Economic Community/Katsina State government EEC/KTSG, Katsina Afforestation Project Unit KTAPU and Local Government Councils are the major agencies that are responsible for mitigating desertification in the study area. Keywords: Desertification, Mitigation, Afforestation, Shelterbelt and Satellite image References Ariyo, J.A, Abdullahi, C.J. Stigter, O.Z Onyewotu and I. Musa (2005). Community Participation in Planning Desertification, Control Interventions in Northern Nigeria. Lessons from Kano State. A Paper Presented at the Conference on Prospects and Problems of Agricultural Development in Nigeria, Held in Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. June 29th – July 2nd, 2005. Auwal, U. (2006). An Appraisal of Desertification in Arid Zone of Bauchi State. Unpublished PGDEM thesis Department of Geography, Bayero University Kano. Babura, D.U. (2001). Desertifucation in Babura Local Government Area. Unpublished PGDEM Thesis. Department of Geography, Bayero University Kano. Bala, A. (2003). An Evaluation of Drought Incidence and Hazards in Northern Nigeria. A Paper Presented at a Seminar on the Conservation of the environment. Department of Geography Isa Kaita College of Education, Dutsinma, Katsina State 5th November. Bins, T. (1990). The Threatening Deserts: Ox Blackwell. Campbell, D.J (1986). The Prospects For desertification in Kajiado District Kenya, Geg. Federal Office of Statistics (1999). Annual Abstracts of Statistics: facts and Figures about Nigeria. Katsina Afforestation Project Unit (2006). A brief on Katsina Afforestation Project Unit (FGN ASSISTED) 1st February, 2006. Katsina Afforestation Project Unit (2006). Annual Reports on Afforestation Projects. Katsina Afforestation Project Unit (2009). Annual Reports on Afforestation Project. Katsina Afforestation Project Unit KTAPU. (2009). A brief on Katsina Afforestation Project Unit (FGN ASSITED) 5th February, 2009. Katsina Agricultural and Rural Development Authority KTARDA. (2006). Land Management\ Unit, Historical Background to soil conservation in Katsina State. Katsina Arid Zone Programme EEC/KTSG (1995). Soil Conservation Experience, A paper for KSACDP one day Soil conservation Strategy Workshop 14th December, 1995. Katsina Arid Zone Programme EEC/KTSG. (1995). Historical background of soil conservation efforts in Katsina State. Msafirri, F. (2009). Involving or not Involving Communities in strategies to combat Desertification and Drought in Kenya. Murtala S.K. (2003). An Analysis of the problems of desertification in Katsina local government area. An NCE project, Isa kaita College of Education Dutsin Ma, Katsina state. Nasiru, I.M. (2009). Combating Desertification and Drought in Nigeria. Daily Trust Monday, 25th. National Population Commission (2006). Federal Republic of Nigeria (2009), National Population Commission Official Gazette No2, Abuja 2nd February 2009 Vol 96. Njeru, J. (2005). Monitoring and Modelling crop growth, water use and production crop growth, water use and production under dry land environment, north west of mount Kenya. Nyong, A.O. and Kanoroglou, P.S (1999). The Influence of water resources and their locations on rural distribution in north eastern Nigeria. A journal of environmental sciences. Owen and Pickering (1997). Global environmental issues. Rutledge and New York. Sagua, V.O, Enabor, E.E, K.O P.R.O, Ojanuga A.V, Mortimore, M. and Kalu, A.E. (1987). Ecological Disasters in Nigeria. Drought and Desertification Federal Ministry of science and Technology Lagos. Sani, M. (1996). Evaluation of Desertification and its effects in Jibia local Government area of Katsina state. Unpublished PGDEM Thesis. Department of Geography Bayero University Kano. Shittu, K. (1999). An Assessment on the socio economic effects of desertification in Katsina state. An Unpublished BSC project Department of Geography Bayero University Kano. Stebbing, E.P. (1935). The Encroaching Sahara: The Threat to west Africa colonies. A geographical Journal. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (1997). A new Response an age – old problem. United Nations Conversation on Desertification (1977). Desertification, it Causes and Consequences: Pergmon Press. United Nations, Department for Public Information (1997). The United Nations convention to combat desertification. Whates and Jones (1992). Land Degradation. Edward Arnold London. Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

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Slegers, Monique F. W., and Leo Stroosnijder. "Beyond the Desertification Narrative: A Framework for Agricultural Drought in Semi-arid East Africa." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 37, no. 5 (July 2008): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/07-a-385.1.

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Hoffman, M. T., W. J. Bond, and W. D. Stock. "Desertification of the eastern Karoo, South Africa: Conflicting paleoecological, historical, and soil isotopic evidence." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 37, no. 1-3 (1995): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00546887.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Desertification Africa'

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