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Srinivas, Gunda. "Healthcare Innovation and Design Thinking." Karnataka Pediatric Journal 36 (September 6, 2021): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/kpj_14_2021.
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The objective of this article is to bring awareness to the changing landscape of the healthcare ecosystem and the clinician’s role with respect to medical devices, medical systems, technology, and processes involved in the system. Clinicians interact with them every day and have a huge implication for them directly, and to their patients indirectly. Clinicians are actively involved in clinical research which involves the knowledge and practice of the disease, diagnosis and management, etc. Recently, the role of non-clinical aspects such as medical devices, processes and systems of the healthcare ecosystem is gaining popularity. Hence, there is potential to explore this aspect of the healthcare delivery system to redesign and innovate for improving clinical outcomes. To achieve this, the clinicians need to understand these systems from a perspective that will help them to identify the problems and develop innovative solutions. Just like the clinical research is systematic and methodical, the improvement of the medical systems is also methodical to a large extent. This includes concepts and techniques that are quite fresh and new to a clinician who probably has never been exposed to these in their medical careers. These general principles of Innovation and Design thinking applied to other domains have yielded fantastic results and for the same to be applied in the medical domain, the role of the practicing clinician is central. As clinicians, we have always practiced innovation at some point of time in our career when we would have faced a resource crunch and were compelled to save the children and hence have tried to innovate on the devices, processes, etc., in our own way and has worked many a times. To generate many such solutions at large scale, the whole process needs to be methodical and systematic so that the solutions developed are safe and consistent at all times. Such a solution can be scaled up and made to reach across such setups where it is needed and there can be a measurable improvement in efficiency, quality, effectiveness, or economics of patient care delivery on a large scale.
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Chitturi, Pallavi, and Alexandra Carides. "Experimental design issues in choice-based conjoint applied to patient choice in healthcare." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 9, no. 2 (January 2020): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2019-0115.
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Choice-based conjoint (CBC) is used to understand how individuals develop preferences for decision alternatives. When decision alternatives can be described in terms of attributes, researchers want to determine the value respondents attach to various attribute levels. Popular in psychology, marketing, economics and other areas, CBC is now finding applications in healthcare to understand patient choice in healthcare policy, drug development, doctor–patient communications, etc. However, a lack of standard methodologies has served as a barrier to its use in healthcare. Therefore, there is a need to identify good research practices for CBC in healthcare. We review recent advances in CBC such as Pareto optimal choice sets, information per profile and reducing choice set sizes, as applied to patient choice.
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Novak, Laurie L., Joyce W. Harris, Taneya Y. Koonce, and Kevin B. Johnson. "Design thinking in applied informatics: what can we learn from Project HealthDesign?" Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 28, no. 9 (June 18, 2021): 1858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab081.
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Abstract Objective The goals of this study are to describe the value and impact of Project HealthDesign (PHD), a program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation that applied design thinking to personal health records, and to explore the applicability of the PHD model to another challenging translational informatics problem: the integration of AI into the healthcare system. Materials and Methods We assessed PHD’s impact and value in 2 ways. First, we analyzed publication impact by calculating a PHD h-index and characterizing the professional domains of citing journals. Next, we surveyed and interviewed PHD grantees, expert consultants, and codirectors to assess the program’s components and the potential future application of design thinking to artificial intelligence (AI) integration into healthcare. Results There was a total of 1171 unique citations to PHD-funded work (collective h-index of 25). Studies citing PHD span medical, legal, and computational journals. Participants stated that this project transformed their thinking, altered their career trajectory, and resulted in technology transfer into the commercial sector. Participants felt, in general, that the approach would be valuable in solving contemporary challenges integrating AI in healthcare including complex social questions, integrating knowledge from multiple domains, implementation, and governance. Conclusion Design thinking is a systematic approach to problem-solving characterized by cooperation and collaboration. PHD generated significant impacts as measured by citations, reach, and overall effect on participants. PHD’s design thinking methods are potentially useful to other work on cyber–physical systems, such as the use of AI in healthcare, to propose structural or policy-related changes that may affect adoption, value, and improvement of the care delivery system.
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Sims, Tara. "Participatory design of healthcare technology with children." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 31, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-11-2016-0162.
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Purpose There are many frameworks and methods for involving children in design research. Human-Computer Interaction provides rich methods for involving children when designing technologies. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines various approaches to involving children in design, considering whether users view children as study objects or active participants. Findings The BRIDGE method is a sociocultural approach to product design that views children as active participants, enabling them to contribute to the design process as competent and resourceful partners. An example is provided, in which BRIDGE was successfully applied to developing upper limb prostheses with children. Originality/value Approaching design in this way can provide children with opportunities to develop social, academic and design skills and to develop autonomy.
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Zhang, Min, Ren Zhang, and Cheng Sheng Liu. "Design of Smart Healthcare Data Management System Based on Hadoop." Advanced Materials Research 998-999 (July 2014): 1121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.998-999.1121.
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This paper describes a smart healthcare data management system based on hadoop. Aiming at the disadvantage of Traditional management of medical data such as the increasing cost of consumption and the limited availability of the data, the smart healthcare data management system in this paper introduces a hybrid storage architecture including designs of Structured data storage which supported by RDBMS and Non-structural data storage which supported by Hadoop. This smart healthcare data management system has the advantages of low-cost, high fault tolerance, and scalability, and builds a cloud storage platform applied in the system of smart healthcare.
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Said, Omar, and Amr Tolba. "Design and Evaluation of Large-Scale IoT-Enabled Healthcare Architecture." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 17, 2021): 3623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083623.
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Employment of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the healthcare field can contribute to recruiting heterogeneous medical devices and creating smart cooperation between them. This cooperation leads to an increase in the efficiency of the entire medical system, thus accelerating the diagnosis and curing of patients, in general, and rescuing critical cases in particular. In this paper, a large-scale IoT-enabled healthcare architecture is proposed. To achieve a wide range of communication between healthcare devices, not only are Internet coverage tools utilized but also satellites and high-altitude platforms (HAPs). In addition, the clustering idea is applied in the proposed architecture to facilitate its management. Moreover, healthcare data are prioritized into several levels of importance. Finally, NS3 is used to measure the performance of the proposed IoT-enabled healthcare architecture. The performance metrics are delay, energy consumption, packet loss, coverage tool usage, throughput, percentage of served users, and percentage of each exchanged data type. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IoT-enabled healthcare architecture outperforms the traditional healthcare architecture.
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Meadows, Susan. "Human Factors Applications to Health Care Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 17 (October 1989): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118189786757923.
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This demonstration program shows how human factors design and evaluation principles can be applied to the area of medical device and healthcare systems. The objective is to provide examples of evaluations and new designs for healthcare products which reduce human error and improve medical devices and instructional materials. International performance and design standards incorporating human factors principles are gaining more attention because of the efforts of the European medical device industry to standardize products.
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Allsop, Matthew J., and Raymond J. Holt. "Evaluating methods for engaging children in healthcare technology design." Health and Technology 3, no. 4 (July 14, 2013): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-013-0062-7.
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Green, Jonathan. "Avoiding a spiral of precaution in mental healthcare." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 12, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.12.1.1.
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The precautionary principle has high face validity, but it can favour indeterminate future risks over potential current benefits. It can also have unintended consequences when applied to the design of clinical protocols and health policy. Contemporary pressures in mental healthcare may amplify the precautionary principle in practice. To mitigate against these disadvantages, we need trial designs that assess all risks (including the risk of no treatment) and also the possibility that potential risks may be successfully managed. Critical appraisal of clinical protocols and their impact are also necessary.
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Jurman, Paul, and Ingy Shafei. "Investigating telemonitoring practice: a proposed work-applied methodology." Journal of Work-Applied Management 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-03-2016-0004.
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Purpose Diabetes is regarded as a global epidemic with 382 million people globally suffering from diabetes. It also has major implications on patients’ quality of life. There are also high cost of treatment associated with diabetes for both patient and healthcare provider. Telemonitoring represents an excellent technology opportunity to redefine health care delivery. Using technology for home-based care promises the ability to deliver more cost effective care whilst also enhancing quality of care and patient satisfaction. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The current research aims to contribute to the methodological design of action research projects in their use to implementation health technologies such as telemonitoring. In particular, it seeks create a model which can be used to demonstrate the efficacy of the use of the action research method as a viable alternative to the traditional randomised control trials methodology currently employed in healthcare. Findings The paper contributes towards the methodological design to investigate the area of practice making use of the telemonitoring programme within a Victorian Health Services Network using action research. Originality/value It intends to address the research problem of the low utilisation of telemonitoring within Monash Health as a whole, and more specifically within the diabetes unit. In this context the research intends to utilise the benefits of telemonitoring to improve clinical outcomes of patients by increasing insulin stabilisation. It is also intended the research organisation benefits by increased efficiency by decreasing clinical workforce time spent on managing patient insulin data.
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Tanious, René, and Patrick Onghena. "Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?" Healthcare 7, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040143.
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Health problems are often idiosyncratic in nature and therefore require individualized diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we show how single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) can meet the requirement to find and evaluate individually tailored treatments. We give a basic introduction to the methodology of SCEDs and provide an overview of the available design options. For each design, we show how an element of randomization can be incorporated to increase the internal and statistical conclusion validity and how the obtained data can be analyzed using visual tools, effect size measures, and randomization inference. We illustrate each design and data analysis technique using applied data sets from the healthcare literature.
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Dharavath, Ramesh, Samuel Nyakotey, and Damodar Reddy Edla. "MapReduce based integration of health hubs: a healthcare design approach." Health and Technology 9, no. 5 (April 17, 2019): 737–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-019-00321-8.
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Yu, Hanui, Dahae Woo, Hyo Jin Kim, Minyoung Choi, and Dong Hee Kim. "Development of Healthcare Service Design Concepts for NICU Parental Education." Children 8, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8090795.
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The objective of this study was to develop healthcare service design concepts through an empirical study utilizing design thinking to improve the quality of caregiver education provided in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study adopted the Double Diamond Process of service design comprising the discover, define, and development stages. We identified 7 issues, organized into 10 healthcare service design concepts associated with NICU education: improving the design of educational material, improving materials for high-risk infant guidance, a practicum kit, a parent proficiency checklist, a systematic parent education manual, predictable guidelines for tests and treatment plans, waiting time that provides comfort, message cards that convey feelings, a reservation system for visits, and a post-discharge information sharing platform. The service concepts’ effectiveness was verified through evaluations by healthcare experts. The results represent customers’ perspectives and experiences regarding parental education. The application of the healthcare service design method could be further developed in future studies. The 10 service concepts derived from this study can be applied and evaluated as specific NICU educational programs.
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Yue, Hang. "Unstructured Healthcare Data Archiving and Retrieval Using Hadoop and Drill." International Journal of Big Data and Analytics in Healthcare 3, no. 2 (July 2018): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdah.2018070103.
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A healthcare hybrid Hadoop ecosystem is analyzed for unstructured healthcare data archives. This healthcare hybrid Hadoop ecosystem is composed of some components such as Pig, Hive, Sqoop and Zoopkeeper, Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), MapReduce and HBase. Also, Apache Drill is applied for unstructured healthcare data retrieval. This article will discuss the combination of Hadoop and Drill for data analysis applications. Based on the analysis of Hadoop components, (including HBase design) and the case studies of Drill query design regarding different unstructured healthcare data, the Hadoop ecosystem and Drill are valid tools to integrate and access voluminous complex healthcare data. They can improve the healthcare systems, achieve savings on patient care costs, optimize the healthcare supply chain and infer useful knowledge from noisy and heterogeneous healthcare data sources.
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Ciccone, Nicholas W., François Patou, and Anja M. Maier. "Designing for Better Healthcare: A Systemic Approach Utilising Behavioural Theory, Technology and an Understanding of Healthcare Delivery Systems." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.98.
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AbstractAn ageing population leading to more chronic disease is straining healthcare systems. This paper makes two core contributions to healthcare systems design research: Firstly, a systemic techno-behavioural approach is presented to support intervention design with value-effective health outcomes. The systemic techno-behavioural perspective takes into consideration the interaction between three angles: The current healthcare system in place, the technological opportunities for addressing an issue and a broader and deeper understanding of the behaviour of those involved. The purpose of considering these three angels is to create interventions that are more robust. This will help inform healthcare systems design researchers and other stakeholders. Secondly, it is proposed that interventions should be grounded in behavioural theory, a collection of theories are presented to be incorporated in the design process of interventions. The systemic techno-behavioural approach is applied to dementia care highlighting the need to understand the dynamic relationship between the context of the current healthcare delivery system, technology, and behaviour to improve quality of care during the progression of the disease.
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Henriksen, K., and E. Dayton. "Issues in the design of training for quality and safety." Quality in Health Care 15, suppl 1 (December 2006): i17—i24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2005.016774.
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The US healthcare delivery system is in a state of change. Medical science and technology are advancing at an unprecedented rate, while cost containment and productivity pressures on clinicians make the clinical environment less than ideal for training. Training is one of the vehicles for addressing new knowledge requirements and for enhancing human and system based performance. Yet the theoretical underpinnings and design aspects of training have been largely unrecognized and unexamined in health care. This paper first explores changes in the practice of medicine and the healthcare delivery environment. It then describes how healthcare training and education can benefit from findings in the behavioral and cognitive sciences. It describes the systems approach to training and explores the extent to which a systems approach can be applied to the clinical environment. Finally, the paper examines innovative training and education techniques that are already gaining acceptance in health care.
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Dooren, Marierose M. M. van, Valentijn T. Visch, and Renske Spijkerman. "The Design and Application of Game Rewards in Youth Addiction Care." Information 10, no. 4 (April 6, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10040126.
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Different types of rewards are applied in persuasive games to encourage play persistence of its users and facilitate the achievement of desired real-world goals, such as behavioral change. Persuasive games have successfully been applied in mental healthcare and may hold potential for different types of patients. However, we question to what extent game-based rewards are suitable in a persuasive game design for a substance dependence therapy context, as people with substance-related disorders show decreased sensitivity to natural rewards, which may result in different responses to commonly applied game rewards compared to people without substance use disorders. In a within-subject experiment with 20 substance dependent and 25 non-dependent participants, we examined whether play persistence and reward evaluation differed between the two groups. Results showed that in contrast to our expectations, substance dependent participants were more motivated by the types of rewards compared to non-substance dependent participants. Participants evaluated monetary rewards more positively than playing for virtual points or social rewards. We conclude this paper with design implications of game-based rewards in persuasive games for mental healthcare.
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Grönvall, Erik, Nervo Verdezoto, Naveen Bagalkot, and Tomas Sokoler. "Concordance: A Critical Participatory Alternative in Healthcare IT." Aarhus Series on Human Centered Computing 1, no. 1 (October 5, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aahcc.v1i1.21315.
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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>The healthcare sector is undergoing large changes in which technology is given a more active role in both in-clinic and out-of-clinic care. Authoritative healthcare models such as compliance and adherence which relies on asymmetric patient-doctor relationships are being challenged as society, patient roles and care contexts transforms, for example when care activities move into non-clinical contexts. Concordance is an alternative model proposed by the medical field that favours an equal and collaborative patient-doctor relationship in the negotiation of care. Similarly, HCI researchers have applied diverse models of engagement in IT design ranging from authoritative models (e.g. perceiving people as human factors to design for) to more democratic design processes (e.g. Participatory Design). IT design has also been crafted as on-going processes that are integrated parts of everyday use. Based on the best practice of participation from the medical and the HCI fields, we identify critical alternatives for healthcare design. These alternatives highlight opportunities with ongoing design processes in which the design of care regimens and care IT are perceived as one process. </span></p></div></div></div>
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Bosch, Sheila J., and Lesa N. Lorusso. "Promoting patient and family engagement through healthcare facility design: A systematic literature review." Journal of Environmental Psychology 62 (April 2019): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.02.002.
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Cawthorne, Dylan, and Aimee Robbins-van Wynsberghe. "An Ethical Framework for the Design, Development, Implementation, and Assessment of Drones Used in Public Healthcare." Science and Engineering Ethics 26, no. 5 (June 23, 2020): 2867–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00233-1.
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Abstract The use of drones in public healthcare is suggested as a means to improve efficiency under constrained resources and personnel. This paper begins by framing drones in healthcare as a social experiment where ethical guidelines are needed to protect those impacted while fully realizing the benefits the technology offers. Then we propose an ethical framework to facilitate the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones used in public healthcare. Given the healthcare context, we structure the framework according to the four bioethics principles: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice, plus a fifth principle from artificial intelligence ethics: explicability. These principles are abstract which makes operationalization a challenge; therefore, we suggest an approach of translation according to a values hierarchy whereby the top-level ethical principles are translated into relevant human values within the domain. The resulting framework is an applied ethics tool that facilitates awareness of relevant ethical issues during the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones in public healthcare.
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Dixit, Manish K., Shashank Singh, Sarel Lavy, Wei Yan, Fatemeh Pariafsai, and Mohammadreza Ostadalimakhmalbaf. "Floor finish selection in the design of healthcare facilities: a survey of facility managers." Facilities 37, no. 9/10 (July 1, 2019): 571–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-04-2018-0047.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to create a knowledge base for decision-making in healthcare design by seeking, analyzing and discussing the preferences of facility managers of healthcare facilities regarding floor finishes and their selection criteria. The goal is to enable a simplified and holistic selection of floor finishes based on multiple criteria. The authors studied floor finish selection in three healthcare units: emergency, surgery and in-patient units. Design/methodology/approach The authors completed a literature review to identify types of floor finishes currently used in healthcare facilities and the criteria applied for their selection. Using the literature survey results, a questionnaire was designed and administered to healthcare facility managers. The descriptive statistical analysis and the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests were used for reporting and analyzing the survey data. Findings The top five floor finishes used in the healthcare sector were identified as vinyl flooring, vinyl composite tile (VCT), rubber, linoleum and ceramic flooring. The top five selection criteria for floor finishes were durability, infection control, ease of maintenance, maintenance cost and user safety. The non-parametric test results show that the floor finish rankings and selection criteria were similar in the three healthcare units under study. Originality/value The most significant contribution of this research is to the design decision-making process of healthcare facilities. These results offer an understanding of what floor finishes are preferred by healthcare facility managers and why. This knowledge is crucial for designers and facility managers to make informed choices and floor finish manufacturers to keep their product line relevant to the industry.
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Serral, Estefanía, Pedro Valderas, and Jan Derboven. "Kind mobile notifications for healthcare professionals." Health Informatics Journal 26, no. 3 (November 8, 2019): 1516–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458219884184.
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The inclusion of the Internet of Things in healthcare is producing numerous automatic notifications for health professionals. These notifications must be delivered in the right moment and in the right way to be appropriately attended, and at the same time, ensuring no important task is interrupted. In this work, we have applied a human-centred design method to deal with this issue. By collaborating with health professionals in Belgium, we have designed and validated DELICATE, a conceptual framework that categorizes the different attention needs for each notification, and links them with the delivery mechanisms that are more appropriate for each particular context. As an aid for designers, we also define methodological guidelines to clearly determine how DELICATE can be used to develop a notification system. Finally, as a proof-of-concept validation of the framework, we have implemented it in an Android application and tested it using real scenarios. This validation has shown that DELICATE can be used to design a notification system that delivers kind healthcare notifications.
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Yi, Chun, and Xiqiang Feng. "Home Interactive Elderly Care Two-Way Video Healthcare System Design." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (January 21, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6693617.
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This paper explores and analyses the interactive home geriatric two-way video health care system, investigates and analyses the daily lives and behaviours of the elderly in their homes through research interviews, obtains the main needs of the elderly population in their lives, as well as their cognitive and behavioural characteristics, and proposes four service function modules for the elderly in their homes; then, combining service design and interaction design theory, we propose the following four service modules for the elderly in their homes. Given the design methods and processes of the intelligent service system for the elderly at home as well as the interface interaction design principles on the three levels of vision, interaction, and reflection, the intelligent service system platform for the elderly at home was constructed, the interaction design of the mobile device terminal software of the service system platform practiced in the form of APP, and the eye-movement experiment method and fuzzy hierarchical analysis were applied to the design of the intelligent service system for the elderly at home from qualitative and quantitative perspectives. The thesis study provides a new way of thinking to design and provide intelligent service system products for the elderly living at home, which is an important contribution to society’s care for the elderly and their quality of life. The key features of the human skeleton are extracted from the model of abnormal leaning and falling behaviour of the elderly, and the SVM machine learning method is used to classify and identify the data, which enables the identification of the abnormal behaviour of the elderly at home with an accuracy of 97%.
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Casal-Guisande, Manuel, Alberto Comesaña-Campos, Jorge Cerqueiro-Pequeño, and José-Benito Bouza-Rodríguez. "Design and Development of a Methodology Based on Expert Systems, Applied to the Treatment of Pressure Ulcers." Diagnostics 10, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090614.
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The medical treatment of chronic wounds, pressure ulcers in particular, burdens healthcare systems nowadays with high expenses that result mainly from their monitoring and assessment stages. Decision support systems applied within the ‘remote medicine’ framework may be of help, not only to the process of monitoring the evolution of chronic wounds under treatment, but also to facilitate the prevention and early detection of potential risk conditions in the affected patients. In this paper, the design and definition of a new decision-support methodology to be applied to the monitoring and assessment stages of the medical treatment process for pressure ulcers is proposed. Built upon the use and development of expert systems, the methodology makes it possible to generate alerts derived from the evolution of a patient’s chronic wound, by means of the interpretation and combination of data coming from both an image of the wound, and the considerations of a healthcare professional with expertise in the subject matter. Some positive results are already shown regarding the determination of the ulcer’s status in the tests that have been carried out so far. Therefore, it is considered that the proposed methodology might lead to substantial improvements regarding both the treatment’s efficiency and cost savings.
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Cranfield, Steven. "Creativity and working knowledge: what healthcare managers can learn from architects." Journal of Work-Applied Management 12, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-01-2020-0004.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a qualitative observational study of how middle managers in healthcare in the UK on a work-based masters programme in leadership were introduced to foundational aspects of creativity and delivering innovation through an assignment on contemporary architectural design.Design/methodology/approachThe assignment involved individual research of a recent architectural design followed by group poster presentations of findings and structured analysis. No prior knowledge of design was required. An activity theory approach was used to explore common principles of creativity and leading innovation, key features of design processes and tools for facilitating implementation.FindingsA total of 89 managers in seven cohorts completed the assignment. Data from process records and group work, artefacts and follow-up evaluation questionnaires were analysed within an interpretive approach. Analysis of data lent support for the view that exploring architectural design as an activity system helped participants to develop conceptual and applied links between management performance, creative collaboration and delivering innovation in their own, different field of practice. Where participants expressed limited self-efficacy regarding the capacity for fostering creativity, this was usually ascribed to systemic inhibitors.Practical implicationsExploring architectural design could provide a relatively low-cost, highly stimulating component of management development programmes seeking to harness the contribution of creative industries to foster work-based creativity and innovation.Originality/valueThis study explores a novel use of architectural design within the context of work-applied development programmes for healthcare managers.
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Clemensen, Jane, Mette J. Rothmann, Anthony C. Smith, Liam J. Caffery, and Dorthe B. Danbjorg. "Participatory design methods in telemedicine research." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 23, no. 9 (December 27, 2016): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x16686747.
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Healthcare systems require a paradigm shift in the way healthcare services are delivered to counteract demographic changes in patient populations, expanding technological developments and the increasing complexity of healthcare. Participatory design (PD) is a methodology that promotes the participation of users in the design process of potential telehealth applications. A PD project can be divided into four phases including: the identification and analysis of participant needs; the generation of ideas and development of prototypes; testing and further development of prototypes; and evaluation. PD is an iterative process where each phase is planned by reflecting on the results from the previous phase with respect to the participants’ contribution. Key activities of a PD project include: fieldwork; literature reviewing; and development and testing. All activities must be applied with a participatory mindset that will ensure genuine participation throughout the project. Challenges associated with the use of PD include: the time required to properly engage with participants; language and culture barriers amongst participants; the selection of participants to ensure good representation of the user group; and empowerment. PD is an important process, which is complemented by other evaluation strategies that assess organisational requirements, clinical safety, and clinical and cost effectiveness. PD is a methodology which encourages genuine involvement, where participants have an opportunity to identify practical problems and to design and test technology. The process engages participants in storytelling, future planning and design. PD is a multifaceted assessment tool that helps explore more accurately clinical requirements and patient perspectives in telehealth.
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Bauer, Jéssica Mariela, Andrea Vargas, Miguel Afonso Sellitto, Mariane Cásseres Souza, and Guilherme Luís Vaccaro. "The thinking process of the theory of constraints applied to public healthcare." Business Process Management Journal 25, no. 7 (October 14, 2019): 1543–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-06-2016-0118.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an approach based on the thinking process of the theory of constraints (TP–TOC) to support decision-makers, managers and professionals of health to diagnose and improve healthcare systems focusing on the service quality deployed to patients. Design/methodology/approach A case study was developed in a SUS-affiliated philanthropic hospital in southern Brazil, through the analysis of its ED processes and application of the TP–TOC. The Current Reality Tree and the Evaporating Cloud tools of the TOC were used to identify the root causes (RC) and their connections with undesirable effects. Findings The analysis of this case helped to understand and identify the causes of the current problems in the analyzed processes related to internal management and external causes. The proposed approach allowed the hospital team to progress in the understanding of such causes in a sequential manner, giving conditions to apport different perceptions and to identify relevant facets and causes related to the problem. The research provided a systemic and an integrated vision of the losses in the organizational processes and indicated the steps to be prioritized in order to eliminate such losses. Originality/value The paper proposed an approach that allowed the systematic and systemic analysis of organizational processes through the application of the TP–TOC. The recognition of the existence of RC responsible for processes losses represents an excellent opportunity for improvement because it allows managers to focus their efforts on the more productive areas.
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Cai, Hui, and Jun Jia. "Using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) To Support Performance-Driven Healthcare Design." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 12, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586718801910.
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Aim: This article aims to provide a description of fundamental elements of discrete event simulation (DES), the process and the values of applying DES in assisting healthcare design and planning decision-making. More importantly, it explores how new technology such as electronic medical records, real-time location services (RTLS), and other simulation methods such as space syntax analysis (SSA) can facilitate and complement DES. Background: Healthcare administrators increasingly recognize DES as an effective tool for allocating resources and process improvement. However, limited studies have described specifically how DES can facilitate healthcare design. Method: Three case studies were provided to illustrate the value of DES in supporting healthcare design. The first case study used DES to validate a surgical suite design for shorter surgeon walking distance. The second case study used DES to facilitate capacity planning in a clinic through testing the utilization of exam rooms upon various growth scenario. The detailed process data for the current clinic were captured through RTLS tracking. The third case study applied DES in an emergency department for both site selection in master planning and capacity test at various growth scenarios with seasonal volume swing. In addition, SSA was conducted to evaluate the impacts of design on visual surveillance, team communication, and co-awareness. Conclusions: It is recognized that the DES analysis is an effective tool to address the process aspects of healthcare environments and should be combined with post-occupancy evaluation and SSA to address behavioral aspects of operations to provide more solid evidence for future design.
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Matloob, Irum, Shoab Ahmad Khan, Farhan Hussain, Wasi Haider Butt, Rukaiya Rukaiya, and Fatima Khalique. "Need-Based and Optimized Health Insurance Package Using Clustering Algorithm." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 8478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188478.
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The paper presents a novel methodology based on machine learning to optimize medical benefits in healthcare settings, i.e., corporate, private, public or statutory. The optimization is applied to design healthcare insurance packages based on the employee healthcare record. Moreover, with the advancement in the insurance industry, it is rapidly adapting mathematical and machine learning models to enhance insurance services like funds prediction, customer management and get better revenue from their businesses. However, conventional computing insurance packages and premium methods are time-consuming, designation specific, and not cost-effective. During the design of insurance packages, an employee’s needs should be given more importance than his/her designation or position in an organization. The design of insurance packages in healthcare is a non-trivial task due to the employees’ changing healthcare needs; therefore, using the proposed technique employees can be moved from their existing package to another depending upon his/her need. This provides the motivation to propose a methodology in which we applied machine learning concepts for designing need-based health insurance packages rather than professional tagging. By the design of need-based packages, medical benefit optimization which is the core goal of our proposed methodology is effectively achieved. Our proposed methodology derives insurance packages that are need-based and optimal based on our defined criteria. We achieved this by first applying the clustering technique to historical medical records. Subsequently, medical benefit optimization is achieved from these packages by applying a probability distribution model on five years employees’ insurance records. The designed technique is validated on real employees’ insurance records from a large enterprise.The proposed design provides 25% optimization on medical benefit amount compared to current medical benefits amount therefore, gives better healthcare to all the employees.
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Felisberto, Filipe, Rosalía Laza, Florentino Fdez-Riverola, and António Pereira. "A Distributed Multiagent System Architecture for Body Area Networks Applied to Healthcare Monitoring." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/192454.
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In the last years the area of health monitoring has grown significantly, attracting the attention of both academia and commercial sectors. At the same time, the availability of new biomedical sensors and suitable network protocols has led to the appearance of a new generation of wireless sensor networks, the so-called wireless body area networks. Nowadays, these networks are routinely used for continuous monitoring of vital parameters, movement, and the surrounding environment of people, but the large volume of data generated in different locations represents a major obstacle for the appropriate design, development, and deployment of more elaborated intelligent systems. In this context, we present an open and distributed architecture based on a multiagent system for recognizing human movements, identifying human postures, and detecting harmful activities. The proposed system evolved from a single node for fall detection to a multisensor hardware solution capable of identifying unhampered falls and analyzing the users’ movement. The experiments carried out contemplate two different scenarios and demonstrate the accuracy of our proposal as a real distributed movement monitoring and accident detection system. Moreover, we also characterize its performance, enabling future analyses and comparisons with similar approaches.
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Flach, John, Peter Reynolds, Libby Duryee, Bryan Young, and Jeff Graley. "Digital Healthcare: Moving beyond the data input/out problem toward enhancing clinical judgment." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 8, no. 1 (September 2019): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857919081013.
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The design of digital information management systems for healthcare presents developers with several formidable engineering challenges. These systems must manage huge amounts of data and support communications across disparate platforms and divisions within a healthcare organization. They must ensure that data is kept private, secure, and available to the right people at the right time. However, as shown in other complex systems (e.g., nuclear power), simply making data available may be insufficient. The goals in designing digital healthcare as a ‘cognitive system’ are to present patient information in more meaningful ways, to help healthcare professionals become more productive, and to support healthcare professionals with clinical decision making. This paper describes how principles of cognitive systems engineering (CSE) and user experience (UX) design were applied to Cardiac Consultant, an interactive cardiovascular risk calculator, with those goals in mind.
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Karn, Keith S., and Andrew Golaszewski. "Power and Value of Consumer Product Development Techniques when Applied to Medical Devices." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 5, no. 1 (June 2016): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857916051017.
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Insurance companies, healthcare providers, and patients are realizing we can treat many medical issues at home and avoid expensive and often inconvenient visits to the doctor’s office or hospital. As a result, many medical devices are now in the hands of untrained patients and caregivers, creating a growing market of consumer medical (or “medsumer”) products. This medsumer product market is exploding, along with the increased spending on home healthcare. This paper explores the benefits and value of looking at medical product development through the lens of this medsumer trend by applying typically consumer-oriented tools and techniques to the development of medical devices. We recommend specific consumer-driven techniques and tools we have used recently in developing medical products. The techniques include a greater emphasis on up-front user research, technological augmentation to ethnography, interdisciplinary design approach, integrated physical & digital prototyping, and more iterative user feedback.
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Ghayyur, Shahbaz Ahmed Khan, Daud Awan, and Malik Sikander Hayat Khiyal. "A Case of Engineering Quality for Mobile Healthcare Applications Using Augmented Personal Software Process Improvement." Mobile Information Systems 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3091280.
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Mobile healthcare systems are currently considered as key research areas in the domain of software engineering. The adoption of modern technologies, for mobile healthcare systems, is a quick option for industry professionals. Software architecture is a key feature that contributes towards a software product, solution, or services. Software architecture helps in better communication, documentation of design decisions, risks identification, basis for reusability, scalability, scheduling, and reduced maintenance cost and lastly it helps to avoid software failures. Hence, in order to solve the abovementioned issues in mobile healthcare, the software architecture is integrated with personal software process. Personal software process has been applied successfully but it is unable to address the issues related to architectural design and evaluation capabilities. Hence, a new technique architecture augmented personal process is presented in order to enhance the quality of the mobile healthcare systems through the use of architectural design with integration of personal software process. The proposed process was validated by case studies. It was found that the proposed process helped in reducing the overall costs and effort. Moreover, an improved architectural design helped in development of high quality mobile healthcare system.
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Erfannia, Leila, Manash P. Barman, Sadiq Hussain, Reyhane Barati, and Goli Arji. "How mobile health affects primary healthcare? Questionnaire design and attitude assessment." DIGITAL HEALTH 6 (January 2020): 205520762094235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055207620942357.
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Objectives The current research aimed to develop a questionnaire for the evaluation of the staff viewpoints in mobile phone use in the delivery of their services and then to assess the primary health center staff attitudes toward this area. Methods This was a two-stage cross-sectional study. In the initial stage, a questionnaire was constructed that tested their reliability and validity through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, multitrait/multi-item correlation matrix and multivariate method of factor analysis. In the second phase, we computed the raw score of each construct which was calculated by taking the mean of the responses of all the items in a particular construct. The normality of the scores for each construct was tested via Kolmogorov-Smirnov and various parametric/non-parametric statistical tests were applied to compare the responses of the subjects. After statistical tests, the final questionnaire was confirmed, including 28 items. Results The final questionnaires’ five main axes consisted of health services efficiency, education, notices, consultation, as well as follow-up. Personnel perspective assessment indicates that there is no difference of view among individuals coming from various demographic features, including gender, age, work experience, as well as education level, to mobile phone use in their services. Conclusion The attitude of public health center staff to mobile phone use in providing health services was positive in general, which would be an influential context for the effective application of mobile phones in public health; such a context would result in users' intentions to use and accept m-Health.
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Martin, Livia, and Evelyn Everett Knowles. "Model for an integrated health system." Journal of Integrated Care 28, no. 2 (November 20, 2019): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-08-2019-0034.
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Purpose Theoretically, a health system has been described in terms of integration being the coordination of health services and collaboration amongst provider organizations. The components of an integrated health system remain inconclusive. Although senior healthcare executives establish structures and designs which facilitate the delivery of integrated care, their perspectives of a health system have not been explored. The purpose of this paper is to present senior healthcare executives’ perspectives of a health system which, when combined, form a model for developing an integrated health system. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative methodology and a multi-case study design, 11 presidents and 4 senior vice presidents of major healthcare organizations or systems in Ontario Canada were selected from a target population of 246 senior healthcare executives to engage in 1 h interviews each. Critical case sampling was applied in the selection of the study sample. Interviews were conducted between December 2017 and February 2018. Findings Senior healthcare executives expressed four distinct perspectives of a health system: systems, institutional, clinical and governance. When combined, the four perspectives form an original research-based concept or model for an integrated health system. Originality/value This paper conveys results of personal interviews with senior healthcare executives and presents a proposed model for an integrated health system based on their four distinct perspectives of a health system.
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Siu, Paul K. Y., K. L. Choy, and H. Y. Lam. "Design of Elderly Behaviour Analytics Model in the Healthcare Industry in Hong Kong." MATEC Web of Conferences 255 (2019): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925504005.
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Due to the advancement of living standard and medical technologies, the life expectancy of people is further extended which brings tremendous impact to the society in the near future. The ageing population not only increases the pressure to public healthcare services, but also brings urgent needs in long term healthcare resources allocation planning in the society. This paper presents an Elderly Behaviour Analytics Model (EBAM) to identify the hospital healthcare service preferences of elderly for the future planning of healthcare industry. By conducting an elderly-targeted survey, the collected data is analysed to understand the factors affecting the decision of elderly to acquire healthcare services in hospitals. The model applies the genetic algorithm-guided clustering-based association rule mining approach for the segmentation of hospital service preferences of the elderly, and, the identification of relationship between personal characteristics within each cluster. This research study contributes to the understanding the actual healthcare needs of elderly which allows the government and healthcare service providers to adjust or modify the elderly policies and service content.
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Cheng, Siu Yee, David Bamford, Marina Papalexi, and Benjamin Dehe. "Improving access to health services – challenges in Lean application." International Journal of Public Sector Management 28, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-05-2014-0066.
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Purpose – Healthcare organisations face significant productivity pressures and are undergoing major service transformation. The purpose of this paper is to disseminate findings from a Lean healthcare project using a National Health Service Single Point of Access environment as the case study. It demonstrates the relevance and extent that Lean can be applied to this type of healthcare service setting. Design/methodology/approach – Action research was applied and Lean tools used to establish current state processes, identify wastes and develop service improvement opportunities based upon defined customer values. Findings – The quality of referral information was found to be the root cause of a number of process wastes and causes of failure for the service. Recognising the relationship and the nature of interaction with the service’s customer/supplier lead to more effective and sustainable service improvement opportunities and the co-creation of value. It was also recognised that not all the Lean principles could be applied to this type of healthcare setting. Practical implications – The study is useful to organisations using Lean to undertake service improvement activities. The paper outlines how extending the value stream beyond the organisation to include suppliers can lead to improved co-production and generation of service value. Originality/value – The study contributes to service productivity research by demonstrating the relevance and limitations of Lean application in a new healthcare service setting. The case study demonstrates the practical challenges of implementing Lean in reciprocal service design models and adds validity to existing contextual models.
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Gharaveis, Arsalan, D. Kirk Hamilton, and Debajyoti Pati. "The Impact of Environmental Design on Teamwork and Communication in Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Literature Review." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 11, no. 1 (October 12, 2017): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586717730333.
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The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the current knowledge about the impact of healthcare facility design on teamwork and communication by exploring the relevant literature. Teamwork and communication are behavioral factors that are impacted by physical design. However, the effects of environmental factors on teamwork and communication have not been investigated extensively in healthcare design literature. There are no published systematic reviews on the current topic. Searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases in addition to targeted design journals including Health Environmental Research & Design, Environment and Behavior, Environmental Psychology, and Applied Ergonomics. Inclusion criteria were (a) full-text English language articles related to teamwork and communication and (b) involving any healthcare built environment and space design published in peer-reviewed journals between 1984 and 2017. Studies were extracted using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the first phase, 26 of the 195 articles most relevant to teamwork and 19 studies of the 147 were identified and reviewed to understand the impact of communication in healthcare facilities. The literature regarding the impact of built environment on teamwork and communication were reviewed and explored in detail. Eighteen studies were selected and succinctly summarized as the final product of this review. Environmental design, which involves nurses, support staff, and physicians, is one of the critical factors that promotes the efficiency of teamwork and collaborative communication. Layout design, visibility, and accessibility levels are the most cited aspects of design which can affect the level of communication and teamwork in healthcare facilities.
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Söderström, Eva, Nomie Eriksson, and Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt. "Managing healthcare information: analyzing trust." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 29, no. 7 (August 8, 2016): 786–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-11-2015-0136.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze two case studies with a trust matrix tool, to identify trust issues related to electronic health records. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative research approach is applied using two case studies. The data analysis of these studies generated a problem list, which was mapped to a trust matrix. Findings – Results demonstrate flaws in current practices and point to achieving balance between organizational, person and technology trust perspectives. The analysis revealed three challenge areas, to: achieve higher trust in patient-focussed healthcare; improve communication between patients and healthcare professionals; and establish clear terminology. By taking trust into account, a more holistic perspective on healthcare can be achieved, where trust can be obtained and optimized. Research limitations/implications – A trust matrix is tested and shown to identify trust problems on different levels and relating to trusting beliefs. Future research should elaborate and more fully address issues within three identified challenge areas. Practical implications – The trust matrix’s usefulness as a tool for organizations to analyze trust problems and issues is demonstrated. Originality/value – Healthcare trust issues are captured to a greater extent and from previously unchartered perspectives.
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Alkhariji, Lamya, Nada Alhirabi, Mansour Naser Alraja, Mahmoud Barhamgi, Omer Rana, and Charith Perera. "Synthesising Privacy by Design Knowledge Toward Explainable Internet of Things Application Designing in Healthcare." ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 17, no. 2s (June 10, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3434186.
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Privacy by Design (PbD) is the most common approach followed by software developers who aim to reduce risks within their application designs, yet it remains commonplace for developers to retain little conceptual understanding of what is meant by privacy. A vision is to develop an intelligent privacy assistant to whom developers can easily ask questions to learn how to incorporate different privacy-preserving ideas into their IoT application designs. This article lays the foundations toward developing such a privacy assistant by synthesising existing PbD knowledge to elicit requirements. It is believed that such a privacy assistant should not just prescribe a list of privacy-preserving ideas that developers should incorporate into their design. Instead, it should explain how each prescribed idea helps to protect privacy in a given application design context—this approach is defined as “Explainable Privacy.” A total of 74 privacy patterns were analysed and reviewed using ten different PbD schemes to understand how each privacy pattern is built and how each helps to ensure privacy. Due to page limitations, we have presented a detailed analysis in Reference [3]. In addition, different real-world Internet of Things (IoT) use-cases, including a healthcare application, were used to demonstrate how each privacy pattern could be applied to a given application design. By doing so, several knowledge engineering requirements were identified that need to be considered when developing a privacy assistant. It was also found that, when compared to other IoT application domains, privacy patterns can significantly benefit healthcare applications. In conclusion, this article identifies the research challenges that must be addressed if one wishes to construct an intelligent privacy assistant that can truly augment software developers’ capabilities at the design phase.
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Travers, Andrew H. "Evolution of a high-performance emergency health services system in Nova Scotia." Healthcare Management Forum 31, no. 5 (August 2, 2018): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470418773416.
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Since 1997, Emergency Health Services in Nova Scotia (NS) has evolved from a program providing prehospital care for patients in transport to a system providing integrated healthcare in both traditional (ie, ambulance) and non-traditional settings (eg, patient homes, hospital settings). This article highlights (1) the reorganization of the emergency medical service system design, (2) the strategies enabling efficient operation of this design, and (3) resultant innovations evolving from both system redesign and strategy application. Emergency Health Services has utilized a Public Utility Model (PUM) design providing prehospital healthcare, public safety, and public health responses to the population of NS. The success of the PUM has been complimented by three strategies: (1) co-leadership model operations, (2) common languages to translate evidence into practice, and (3) collaborative and integrated relationships with other regulated healthcare providers. This prehospital system design and application strategies could be applied in other sectors of community and hospital systems of care.
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Nojszewska, Ewelina, and Michał Kobyliński. "Value Based Healthcare. A Strategy for the Cost and Clinically Effective Healthcare System Operation." Problemy Zarządzania - Management Issues 2/2020, no. 88 (October 20, 2020): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1644-9584.89.1.
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Purpose: The submitted article focuses on how to solve the problems faced by the European healthcare systems. Design/Methodology: The article consists of two sections. The first one is theoretical and presents interdisciplinary achievements of researchers. The second section includes examples of solutions applied in Sweden, Germany and Great Britain. In the theoretical part, books and articles on the methodology of VBHC creation were reviewed. The empirical part is based on reports on the introduction of VBHC. Findings: The desire to improve cost and clinical effectiveness indicates the need for a value-based healthcare (VBHC). Thus, the concept of VBHC should contribute, according to experts, economists as well as finance and management specialists, to the economic efficiency and clinical effectiveness. Research limitations/implications: Unfortunately, this is a lengthy process to be preceded by many activities. Healthcare registers and databases belong to the most important ones. Thanks to them, it is possible to create the key performance indicators (KPI) allowing for a rational health policy. Original value: To the achievements contained in the publications, the submitted article adds the need to take into account appropriately selected KPIs analyzing the macroeconomic environment for the functioning of hospitals.
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Meyer, Melanie A. "Competencies required for healthcare improvement positions." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 32, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-12-2017-0236.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the competencies that US healthcare organizations require for quality and performance improvement positions. Design/methodology/approach A US healthcare improvement job posting content analysis was conducted using the HQ Essentials competency framework. Findings The HQ essentials competencies most desired for improvement positions include project management, training, data analysis and applied performance improvement methods. Competency requirements varied somewhat by job focus area: performance, quality, or process improvement, and Lean and Six Sigma. Practical implications Healthcare leaders may use the author’s results to understand what competencies may be required for various improvement roles and to identify any gaps in required skills and knowledge areas that may need to be addressed. Educators and policy-makers should consider how these competencies align with employers’ needs and what resources or professional development may be needed to address gaps. Originality/value This is the first healthcare improvement competencies analysis based on job postings.
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Ratwani, Raj M. "Electronic Health Records and Improved Patient Care: Opportunities for Applied Psychology." Current Directions in Psychological Science 26, no. 4 (August 2017): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721417700691.
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Healthcare is undergoing an unprecedented technology transition from paper medical records to electronic health records (EHRs). While the adoption of EHRs holds tremendous promise for improving efficiency, quality, and safety, there have been numerous challenges that have been largely centered on the technology not meeting the cognitive needs of the clinical end-users. Clinicians are experiencing increased stress and frustration, and new safety hazards have been introduced. There is a significant opportunity for applied psychologists to address many of these challenges. I highlight three key areas: studying and modeling clinician needs, applying theoretically grounded design principles, and developing technology to support teamwork and communication.
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Hihnala, Susanna, Lilja Kettunen, Marjo Suhonen, and Hanna Tiirinki. "The Finnish healthcare services lean management." Leadership in Health Services 31, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhs-03-2017-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss health services managers’ experiences of management in a special health-care unit and development efforts from the point of view of the Lean method. Additionally, the aim is to deepen the knowledge of the managers’ work and nature of the Lean method development processes in the workplace. The research focuses on those aspects and results of Lean method that are currently being used in health-care environments. Design/methodology/approach These data were collected through a number of thematic interviews. The participants were nurse managers (n = 7) and medical managers (n = 7) who applied Lean management in their work at the University Hospital in the Northern Ostrobothnia Health Care District. The data were analysed with a qualitative content analysis. Findings A common set of values in specialized health-care services, development of activities and challenges for management in the use of the Lean manager development model to improve personal management skills. Practical implications Managers in specialized health-care services can develop and systematically manage with the help of the Lean method. This emphasizes assumptions, from the point of view of management, about systems development when the organization uses the Lean method. The research outcomes originate from specialized health-care settings in Finland in which the Lean method and its associated management principles have been implemented and applied to the delivery of health care. Originality/value The study shows that the research results and in-depth knowledge on Lean method principles can be applied to health-care management and development processes. The research also describes health services managers’ experiences of using the Lean method. In the future, these results can be used to improve Lean management skills, identify personal professional competencies and develop skills required in development processes. Also, the research findings can be used in the training of health services managers in the health-care industry worldwide and to help them survive the pressure to change repeatedly.
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Ponsignon, Frederic, Andi Smart, and Laura Phillips. "A customer journey perspective on service delivery system design: insights from healthcare." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 35, no. 10 (November 29, 2018): 2328–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-03-2018-0073.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide novel theoretical insight into service delivery system (SDS) design. To do so, this paper adopts a customer journey perspective, using it as a frame to explore dimensions of experience quality that inform design requirements.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilises UK Patient Opinion data to analyse the stories of 200 cancer patients. Using a critical incident technique, 1,207 attributes of experience quality are generated and classified into 17 quality dimensions across five stages of the customer (patient) journey.FindingsAnalysis reveals both similarity and difference in dimensions of experience quality across the patient journey: seven dimensions are common to all five journey stages, from receiving diagnosis to end of life care; ten dimensions were found to vary, present in one or several of the stages but not in all.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include a lack of representativity of the story sample and the impossibility to verify the factual occurrence of the stories.Practical implicationsAdopting a patient journey perspective can improve the practitioner understanding of the design requirements of SDS in healthcare. The results of the study can be applied by managers to configure SDS that achieve a higher quality of patient care throughout the patient journey.Originality/valueThis paper extends existing literature on SDS design by adopting a customer journey perspective, revealing heterogeneity in experience quality across the customer journey currently unaccounted for in SDS design frameworks. Specifically, the findings challenge homogeneity in extant SDS design frameworks, evidencing the need for multiple, stage-specific SDS design requirements.
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G., Rejikumar, Aswathy Asokan Ajitha, Malavika S. Nair, and Raja Sreedharan V. "Healthcare service quality: a methodology for servicescape re-design using Taguchi approach." TQM Journal 31, no. 4 (July 8, 2019): 600–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-10-2018-0136.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify major healthcare service quality (HSQ) dimensions, their most preferred service levels, and their effect on HSQ perceptions of patients using a Taguchi experiment. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a sequential incidence technique to identify factors relevant in HSQ and examined the relative importance of different factor levels in the service journey using Taguchi experiment. Findings For HSQ, the optimum factor levels are online appointment booking facility with provision to review and modify appointments; a separate reception for booked patients; provision to meet the doctor of choice; prior detailing of procedures; doctor on call facility to the room of stay; electronic sharing of discharge summary, an online payment facility. Consultation phase followed by the stay and then procedures have maximum effect on S/N and mean responses of patients. The appointment stage has a maximum effect on standard deviations. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, this study attempted to address the dearth of research on service settings using robust methodologies like Taguchi experiment, which is popular in the manufacturing sector. The study implies the need for patient-centric initiatives for better HSQ through periodic experiments that inform about the changing priorities of patients. Practical implications The trade-off between standardization and customization create challenges in healthcare. Practically, a classification of processes based on standardization vs customization potential is useful to revamp processes for HSQ. Originality/value This study applied the Taguchi approach to get insights in re-designing a patient-centric healthcare servicescapes.
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Chias, P., T. Abad, M. de Miguel, G. García-Rosales, and E. Echeverria. "3D MODELLING AND VIRTUAL REALITY APPLIED TO COMPLEX ARCHITECTURES: AN APPLICATION TO HOSPITALS’ DESIGN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-255-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> There are many healthcare facilities in Spain that were built throughout the second half of the 20th century, and compose an interesting built heritage designed by outstanding architects of the architectural avant-garde. Some of them were included in the DOCOMOMO’s list of buildings to be preserved and documented. As a consequence, every intervention on the hospitals’ heritage requires a special attention and needs a deep knowledge of the building in advance of taking action. On the other hand, such a particular heritage is being continuously updated according to the new standards that derive from the current tendencies in hospital design, and also from advances in healing techniques. In this context, 3D Modelling and virtual reality should have a decisive impact on the way hospitals’ complex spaces are designed, as they become useful tools for describing the previous stages of the buildings, as well as the impacts of new proposals. They can even change our experience of the built environment. As a step forward, we are developing a methodology to be applied to hospital design where these tools, together with BIM models -and in the near future, high-end immersive VR systems- play an important role.</p>
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Abdallah, Abdallah. "Implementing quality initiatives in healthcare organizations: drivers and challenges." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, no. 3 (April 3, 2014): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-05-2012-0047.
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Purpose – Various quality initiatives seem to have successful implementation in some healthcare organizations yet fail in others. This paper sets out to study the literature trying to understand drivers and challenges facing quality initiatives implementation in healthcare organizations then compare findings from literature with those of a structured questionnaire answered by 60 representatives from 18 hospitals. Finally it proposes a framework that mitigates challenges and utilizes drivers to ensure best implementation results. Design/methodology/approach – Literature regarding implementing various quality initiatives in the healthcare sector was reviewed. Representatives from several healthcare organizations were surveyed. Results from both approaches are compared to highlight the key challenges and drivers facing implementers. Findings – This research reveals that internal factors related to leadership and employees greatly affect quality initiative success or failure. Design and relevance play a major role in successful implementation. Practical implications – This research offers healthcare professionals greater success when implementing certain quality initiatives by taking success/failure factors into consideration. A general framework for successful implementation in the healthcare sector is provided. Originality/value – This article uncovers reasons behind success or failure in a comprehensive and practical way. It also explores how most popular quality initiatives are applied in hospitals.
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Rismanchian, Farhood, and Young Hoon Lee. "Process Mining–Based Method of Designing and Optimizing the Layouts of Emergency Departments in Hospitals." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 10, no. 4 (November 29, 2016): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586716674471.
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Objective: This article proposes an approach to help designers analyze complex care processes and identify the optimal layout of an emergency department (ED) considering several objectives simultaneously. These objectives include minimizing the distances traveled by patients, maximizing design preferences, and minimizing the relocation costs. Background: Rising demand for healthcare services leads to increasing demand for new hospital buildings as well as renovating existing ones. Operations management techniques have been successfully applied in both manufacturing and service industries to design more efficient layouts. However, high complexity of healthcare processes makes it challenging to apply these techniques in healthcare environments. Method: Process mining techniques were applied to address the problem of complexity and to enhance healthcare process analysis. Process-related information, such as information about the clinical pathways, was extracted from the information system of an ED. A goal programming approach was then employed to find a single layout that would simultaneously satisfy several objectives. Results: The layout identified using the proposed method improved the distances traveled by noncritical and critical patients by 42.2% and 47.6%, respectively, and minimized the relocation costs. Conclusion: This study has shown that an efficient placement of the clinical units yields remarkable improvements in the distances traveled by patients.