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Pedale, Anna. "Study and design energy-efficient home automation systems." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243047.
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Home Automation Systems (HAS) consist of a number of appliances (e.g. washing machine, dishwasher, oven, refrigerator, boiler) and subsystem (e.g. for heating, for air conditioning, for entertaining), which are connected by a communication network. The various elements of the system share common resources (mainly electricity, but also water and gas) to accomplish their specific tasks, according to the user’s requirements. Since resources are limited, in the sense that their consumption cannot exceed fixed thresholds (related to costs, contract’s rules or provider’s directives), competition between the elements of the system generates internal conflicts. The aim of this thesis is to describe an approach to modeling and study of home automation systems, based on the MAS theory, which allows to introduce a rigorous formalization and to define practical tools for the analysis of performances. The models consist of a switched dynamics governed by a Petri net. They are two interconnected components, one of which is basically a switched system with time-driven dynamics and the other is an event-driven dynamical system, which influence each other. The first component (called BEHAVIOR) models the functional behavior of the appliance, while the second component (called PLUG) models its interaction with the supply system of each resource (e.g. electricity, gas, water) and the environment. To optimize the functioning of the modern house we need a comprehensive study of the entire structure seen as a distributed control system. It requires a study of real load profile that is the pattern of electricity usage of a device in the home and an analysis on the skills and properties that every device owns. The entire environment is composed by cognitive and responsive agents, able to communicate its request and to respond to user requests. This communication layer is composed by a data dashboard and a web service able to share and control user behavior in order to satisfy his desire.<br>Un insieme di elettrodomestici (ad esempio lavatrice, lavastoviglie, forno, frigorifero, caldaia) e sottosistemi (ad esempio per il riscaldamento, per aria condizionata), che sono collegati da una rete di comunicazione, costituiscono un Home Automation Systems (HAS). Ogni sistema appartenente a tale ambiente condivide una risorsa comune (energia elettrica, ma anche acqua e gas) per raggiungere i propri compiti, in base alle esigenze dell'utente. Dal momento che le risorse sono limitate, nel senso che il loro consumo non può superare dei limiti fissati (legati ai costi, le regole del contratto o direttive del fornitore), la concorrenza tra gli elementi del sistema genera conflitti interni. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di descrivere un approccio alla modellazione e studio di sistemi domotici, basato sulla teoria MAS, che consente di introdurre una formalizzazione rigorosa e definire strumenti pratici per l'analisi delle prestazioni del sistema. Il comportamento di tali modelli è caratterizzato dalle reti di Petri. Essi si compongono di due dinamiche, una guidata dal tempo e l’altra dagli eventi. Il primo componente (chiamato BEHAVIOR) modella il comportamento funzionale dell'elettrodomestico, mentre il secondo componente (chiamato PLUG) modella l’interazione con la risorsa condivisa. Per ottimizzare il funzionamento della casa occorre un ampio studio dell'intero ambiente e del profilo di carico reale di ciascun elettrodomestico come suo modello di consumo di energia elettrica. Inoltre è richiesta un'analisi sulle competenze e proprietà che ogni dispositivo possiede, caratterizzandoli come agenti cognitivi e reattivi, in grado di comunicare la propria richiesta e di rispondere alle esigenze degli utenti. Tale comunicazione è realizzata per mezzo di una lavagna condivisa di informazioni e un web service in grado di condividere e controllare il comportamento dei singoli dispositivi domotici per soddisfare il desiderio dell’ utente.
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Bliek, Christian. "Computer methods for design automation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35361.
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Traustadóttir, Sólrún. "System Configuration in Design Automation." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254442.
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Some companies have managed to gain an advantage in today’s increasingly competitive market by utilizing product configuration software. However, many companies in the industrial manufacturing industry offer systems of configurable products and wish to be able to configure the products both individually and together as a system. The project described in this thesis was carried out at Tacton Systems, a provider of sales and product configuration software. This project aims to contribute to the literature knowledge on system configuration by researching, through literature study and interviews, what types of systems companies want to be able to configure, and what relationships or interfaces are needed between the configurable modules forming the system. The result was that it is possible to look at each system in levels of abstraction. When looking at whole systems, the system structures can be split into two types, i.e., linear systems and central systems. Parameters need to be communicated between the modules in the system. The module interfaces defined in the Tactonmodel could carry enough information to establish the necessary relationships between the modules and thus make different parameter types irrelevant. Furthermore, this project investigates different aspects of how Computer AidedDesign (CAD) models for system configuration in Solid Works need to be structured to work in a robust way for design automation. Different functions were tried on a relatively simple model as a proof of concept. The main result is that the most robust way to do the mates between the configurable components is to assign them to reference geometry that is built into templates. This project focused on investigating the possibility for system configuration in the design automation environment, but it is necessary for Tacton to look at the future development in a holistic view.<br>Vissa företag har lyckats skapa en fördel i dagens alltmer konkurrensutsatta marknad genom att använda produktkonfigurationsprogram. Många företag inom industrin tillverkar dock hela system med konfigurbara produkter och vill därför kunna konfigurera produkterna både individuellt och tillsammans som ett system. Projektet som beskrivs i denna avhandling utfördes hos Tacton Systems, en leverantör av försäljnings- och produktkonfigurationsprogram. Avhandlingen syftar till att bidra till litteraturkunskapen om systemkonfiguration genom att undersöka vilka typer av system företag vill kunna konfigurera, och vilka relationer eller gränssnitt som behövs mellan de konfigurbara modulerna som bildar systemet. För att åstadkomma detta genomfördes en studie av litteratur och intervjuer. Resultatet var att det är möjligt att titta på varje system i abstraktionsnivåer. När man tittar på hela system kan systemstrukturerna delas upp i två typer; linjära system och centrala system. Parametrar måste kommuniceras mellan modulerna i systemet. Modulgränssnittet som definieras i Tacton-modellenkan bära tillräckligt information för att upprätta nödvändiga relationer mellan modulerna och därigenom göra olika parametertyper irrelevanta. Dessutom undersökte jag i denna avhandling olika aspekter på hur CAD-modeller för systemkonfiguration i SolidWorks behöver struktureras för att fungera på ett robust sätt för designautomatisering. Olika metoder prövades på en relativt enkel modell som ett bevis på konceptet. Huvudresultatet är att det mest robusta sättet att göra relationer mellan de konfigurbara komponenterna är använda referensgeometri som är inbyggd i mallar. Projektet fokuserade på att undersöka möjligheten för systemkonfiguration iDesign Automation-miljön, men det är nödvändigt för Tacton att se på framtidautveckling i en helhetssyn.
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Das, Sabyasachi. "Design automation techniques for datapath circuits." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3284473.
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Pettersson, Karl. "Design Automation of Complex Hydromechanical Transmissions." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fluida och mekatroniska system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-99382.
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This thesis proposes an automated methodology for the design of complex multiple-mode hydromechanical transmissions. High fuel prices and strict emission regulations are today drivers of the development of new fuel-efficient drive transmissions for construction machinery. Hydromechanical transmissions have high energy efficiency and a wide torque/speed conversion range. They are today strong candidates to replace the fuel-thirsty torque converters conventionally used in heavy construction machines. The trend towards more complex transmission architectures increases the need for more sophisticated product development methods. Complex multiple-mode transmissions are difficult to design and prototype and can be realised in a great number of different architectures. This increases the need for reliable concept evaluation in early design stages. The design of the transmission is also strongly coupled to its energy consumption and for a fair comparison between transmission concepts optimal designs are necessary. Design automation and optimisation with detailed simulation models can support the industrial engineer in the design task and increase the available knowledge early in the design process. The proposed methodology uses simulation-based optimisation to design the transmission for a specific vehicle application. Various aspects of the transmission’s characteristics may be targeted, although energy efficiency is in great focus in this work. To evaluate the energy efficiency, the transmission designs are simulated using backward-facing simulations with detailed power loss models. The methodology is applicable for designing the drive transmissions of construction machines and other mobile working vehicles such as agricultural machines, forest machines and mobile mining equipment.
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Wee, K. K. "A knowledge-based design environment for analogue design automation." Thesis, University of Essex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241239.
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Daley, John. "Autonomic product development process automation /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1958.pdf.
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Wheeler, Paul H. (Paul Harrison). "Aspects of automation mode confusion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42375.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-108).<br>Complex systems such as commercial aircraft are difficult for operators to manage. Designers, intending to simplify the interface between the operator and the system, have introduced automation to assist the operator. In most cases, the automation has helped the operator, but at times operator confusion as to what the automation is doing has created dangerous situations that lead to property damage or loss of life. This problem, known as mode confusion, has been difficult to analyze and thus solutions tend to be reactive instead of proactive. This thesis examines mode confusion as an emergent property of the operator and the automation. It develops models of the automation and the operator and then studies their emergent behavior. It then applies the model in a case study.<br>by Paul H. Wheeler.<br>S.M.
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Tellsén, Emil. "Design Automation of Steam Turbine Diaphragms in NX : Research and implementation of design automation in a development process." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176362.
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Siemens Energy develops, manufactures, and provides service of products utilized for production of green energy. This thesis has been conducted at Siemens Energy in Finspång and the department of steam turbine design. A major part of the work at the department includes service and updates of operating steam turbines located all around the world. The tasks of updating and service are short and require quick answers as the plant is waiting to be started. In order to adapt to the rapid development time required, the department of steam turbine design has developed a CAD automation process for drawing production of steam turbine diaphragms. The automation process is developed in an older CAD system that the department long have relied on. This CAD software and thus the automation process will soon be retired and taken out of service since the company is switching to the modern CAD software NX. This thesis is aimed at investigating the current development process at the department and propose and develop a new CAD automation process in NX for steam turbine diaphragms. The work was initiated by performing an analysis of the current situation where the collection of data constituted a solid ground for the rest of the thesis. The data lay the basis for the creation of a design specification which later served as a starting point for both the search and development of solution proposals regarding CAD automation. During the concept generation, it became clear that the development process embodied the scope of concepts, a form of application programming interface to achieve design automation was considered evident. This implied a more area-focused concept generation leading up to multiple solution concepts. After the generated solutions had been sorted and ranked, the solution to proceed with was based on NX integrated tool Knowledge Fusion to achieve CAD automation in NX. The development of the automation process and associated models utilized theories such as the MOKA methodology, high level cad templates and on explicit reference modeling. Resulting in a CAD automation process with possibilities to deliver both CAD models and technical drawings within a timeframe that reduces development time. It was concluded that the developed CAD automation process and associated models assured quality and reliability of the CAD material produced. Furthermore, the developed solution fit in the existing diaphragm development process and showed potential to significantly reduce the development time of steam turbine diaphragms.
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Özlük, Ali Cemal. "Design Space Exploration for Building Automation Systems." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-130600.
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In the building automation domain, there are gaps among various tasks related to design engineering. As a result created system designs must be adapted to the given requirements on system functionality, which is related to increased costs and engineering effort than planned. For this reason standards are prepared to enable a coordination among these tasks by providing guidelines and unified artifacts for the design. Moreover, a huge variety of prefabricated devices offered from different manufacturers on the market for building automation that realize building automation functions by preprogrammed software components. Current methods for design creation do not consider this variety and design solution is limited to product lines of a few manufacturers and expertise of system integrators. Correspondingly, this results in design solutions of a limited quality. Thus, a great optimization potential of the quality of design solutions and coordination of tasks related to design engineering arises. For given design requirements, the existence of a high number of devices that realize required functions leads to a combinatorial explosion of design alternatives at different price and quality levels. Finding optimal design alternatives is a hard problem to which a new solution method is proposed based on heuristical approaches. By integrating problem specific knowledge into algorithms based on heuristics, a promisingly high optimization performance is achieved. Further, optimization algorithms are conceived to consider a set of flexibly defined quality criteria specified by users and achieve system design solutions of high quality. In order to realize this idea, optimization algorithms are proposed in this thesis based on goal-oriented operations that achieve a balanced convergence and exploration behavior for a search in the design space applied in different strategies. Further, a component model is proposed that enables a seamless integration of design engineering tasks according to the related standards and application of optimization algorithms.
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Seda, Steven J. "Symbolic analysis for analog circuit design automation /." Zürich, 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10058.
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Nan, Jie, and Qian Li. "Design Automation System-Supporting Documentation and Management." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH. Forskningsmiljö Produktutveckling - Datorstödd konstruktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19594.
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During the practical use of Design Automation (DA) System in a company, the lack of assistance from either documentation work about the whole system or management of knowledge could bring out some obstacles when engineers reuse existing knowledge and information. The purpose of this project is to explore an approach of documentation and knowledge management in DA System. The study is mainly based on the actual case of seat heater DA system developed by JTH. Based on preset functional requirement for the potential solution, several principles and methods of documentation and knowledge management are introduced such as MOKA, CommonKADS, SysML and PVM. A number of useful applications such as DRed (Design Rationale Editor), PC PACK, Sementic MediaWiki and Product Model Manager became candidates solutions for this project. The selection of final approach was Sementic MediaWiki, and this is based on the comparison of the result from evaluation of functionality of each application. Due to specificity of documentation on the DA system, the “process based” approach had been used for structuring system included knowledge instead of using a systematical method like either MOKA or CommonKADS completely. Setting up interconnection between different knowledge objects was one of the most important tasks in this project because it enables capturing and retrieving of knowledge. Sementic MediaWiki, a powerful text representative and web-based tool has been used as a platform of representing the whole knowledge and information. With its implementation, the performance of Sementic MediaWiki had been tested according to the preset functional requirement. After a slight refine process to the solution, the satisfactory result had been achieved, and also proved the applicability of Sementic Wiki in such kind of project.
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Makris, Costas A. "Analogue integrated circuit design : automation and techniques." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7598.
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Cheung, Newton Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Design automation methodologies for extensible processor platform." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Computer Science and Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/26118.
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This thesis addresses two ubiquitous trends in the embedded system world - the increasing importance of design turnaround time as a design metric, and the move towards closing the design productivity gap. Adopting the right choice of design approach has been recognised as an integral part of the design flow in order to meet desired characteristics such as increasing software content, satisfying the growing complexities of an application, reusing off-the-shelf components, and exploring design metrics tradeoff, which closes the design productivity gap. The importance of design turnaround time is motivated by the intensive competition between manufacturers, especially makers of mainstream electronic consumer products, who shrinks the product life cycle and requires faster time-to-market to maximise economic benefits. This thesis presents a suite of design automation methodologies to automatically design embedded systems for an application in the state-of-the-art design approach - the extensible processor platform. These design automation methodologies systematise the extensible processor platform???s design flow, with particular emphasis on solving four challenging design problems: i) code segment identification; ii) instruction generation; iii) architectural customisation selection; and iv) processor evaluation. Our suite of design automation methodologies includes: i) a semi-automatic design system - to design an extensible processor that maximises the application performance while satisfying the area constraint. By specifying a fitting function to identify suitable code segments within an application, a two-level hierarchy selection algorithm is used to first select a predefined processor and then select the right instruction, and a performance estimator is used to estimate an application's performance; ii) a tool to match instructions - to automatically match the pre-designed instructions with computationally intensive code segments, reducing verification time and effort; iii) an instructions estimation model - to estimate the area overhead, latency, power consumption of extensible instructions, exploring larger design space; and iv) an instructions generation tool - to generate new extensible instructions that maximises the speedup while minimising power dissipation. A number of techniques such as system decomposition, combinational equivalence checking and regression analysis etc., have been heavily relied upon in the creation of the final design system. This thesis shows results at every stage to demonstrate the efficacy of our design methodologies in the creation of extensible processors. The methodologies and results presented in this thesis demonstrate that automating the design process for an extensible processor platform results in significant performance increase - on average, an increase of 4.74x (up to 15.71x) compared to the original base processor. Our system achieves significant design turnaround time savings (2.5% of the full simulation time for the entire design space) with majority Pareto points obtained (91% on average), and can lead to fewer and faster design iterations. Our instruction matching tool is 7.3x faster on average compared to the best known approaches to the problem (partial simulations). Our estimation model has a mean absolute error as small as 3.4% (6.7% max.) for area overhead, 5.9% (9.4% max.) for latency, and 4.2% (7.2% max.) for power consumption, compared to estimation through the time consuming synthesis and simulation steps using commercial tools. Finally, the instruction generation tool reduces energy consumption by a further 5.8% on average (up to 17.7%) compared to extensible instructions generated by previous approaches.
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Wang, Weirong. "An integrated automation extrusion die design system." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1177702152.
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Ross, Katharine Louise. "Multivariate design and automation in synthetic chemistry." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434149.
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Grimes, Michael T. "Multi-Port Automation for SRAM Compiler Design." Thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13423318.
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<p> Memory compilers are useful in computer system design as they automate layout, netlists, and characterization of a memory. This thesis presents a multi-ported SRAM scheme for the open-source SRAM compiler OpenRAM. This multi-ported SRAM design has access ports configurable to read and write, write-only, or read-only and supports any number of ports in any combination. I designed layout automation for an array of these bit cells in a generic 45<i> nm</i> process and fabricable 180<i>nm</i> SCMOS. I designed netlist automation for the entire memory system for any combination of ports. A functional test I've designed automates SPICE simulations on the top level netlist to verify any port configuration.</p><p>
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Wu, Berlin. "Geotechnical design and construction automation in Taiwan." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41353.
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Costello, David Andrew. "Design for automation of the baby teether." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69701.
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Bachrach, Hillel E. "Formal methods for design automation application development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43427.
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Muller, Louis C. "RSFQ digital circuit design automation and optimisation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96808.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In order to facilitate the creation of complex and robust RSFQ digital logic
circuits an extensive library of electronic design automation (EDA) tools is a
necessity. It is the aim of this work to introduce various methods to improve
the current state of EDA in RSFQ circuit design.
Firstly, Monte Carlo methods such as Latin Hypercube sampling and Sobol
sequences are applied for their variance reduction abilities in approximating
circuit yield. In addition, artificial neural networks are also investigated for
their applicability in modeling the parameter-yield space.
Secondly, a novel technique for circuit functional testing using automated
state machine extraction is presented, which greatly simplifies the logical verification
of a circuit. This method is also used, along with critical timing
extraction, to automatically generate Hardware Description Language(HDL)
models which can be used for high level circuit design.
Lastly, the Greedy Local search, Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm
meta-heuristics were statistically compared in a novel manner using a
yield model provided by artificial neural networks. This is done to ascertain
their performance in optimising RSFQ circuits in relation to yield.
The variance reduction techniques of Latin Hypercube Sampling and Sobol
sequences were shown to be beneficial for the use with RSFQ circuits. For
optimisation purposes the use of Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithms
were shown to improve circuit optimisation for possible multi-modal search
spaces. An HDL model is also successfully generated from a complex RSFQ
circuit for use in high level circuit design which includes critical timing and
propagation latency.
All the techniques presented in this study form part of a software library
that can be further refined and extended in future work.
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Greenwood, Rob. "Semantic analysis for system level design automation." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020216/.
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Pang, Yingxin. "Floorplanning algorithms for VLSI physical design automation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9970677.
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Thally, Ryan. "Automation in Entertainment: Concept, Design, and Application." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/401.
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The focus of this thesis is to explore the automation technology used in the modern entertainment industry. Upon completion of my thesis, I will deliver a working prototype of the chosen technology and present its capabilities in a choreographed show.
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Hämeenanttila, Tiina. "Design and implementation of fiber pigtailing automation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10222.
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Mebarak, Edward William. "On the Development of an Automated Design Procedure to Design Optimal Robots." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/43.
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The objective in this work is to build a rapid and automated numerical design method that makes optimal design of robots possible. In this work, two classes of optimal robot design problems were specifically addressed: (1) When the objective is to optimize a pre-designed robot, and (2) when the goal is to design an optimal robot from scratch. In the first case, to reach the optimum design some of the critical dimensions or specific measures to optimize (design parameters) are varied within an established range. Then the stress is calculated as a function of the design parameter(s), the design parameter(s) that optimizes a pre-determined performance index provides the optimum design. In the second case, this work focuses on the development of an automated procedure for the optimal design of robotic systems. For this purpose, Pro/Engineer© and MatLab© software packages are integrated to draw the robot parts, optimize them, and then re-draw the optimal system parts.
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Zhang, Mei. "Cross-docking network design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21685.
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Davoodi, Azadeh. "Optimization schemes for variability-driven VLSI design automation." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3713.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Gun, Park Pan. "Protocol Design of Sensor Networks for Wireless Automation." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-106243.
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The recent development of control applications overWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) imposes new approaches to the protocol design. These networks are characterized by the scarcity of energy supply and processing capabilities. Furthermore, existing protocol solutions are often based on the traditional OSI model, where communication layers are not optimized to support efficiently the reliability and latency requirements imposed by control applications. The critical aspects of wireless transmission have lead to a lack of protocols that are able to guarantee latency and quality of service under unreliable channel conditions. In this thesis, we design and implement a cross-layer protocol for WSNs in industrial automation, the Extended Randomized Protocol, which considers jointly physical layer aspects (as power control and duty cycling strategies), randomized MAC and routing. The protocol can be considered and extension of an already existing Randomized Protocol, and it is designed with the objective to maximize the network lifetime under the constraints of error rate and end-to-end delay in the packet delivery. As a relevant part of our activity, we have provided a complete test bed implementation of the protocol building a WSN with TinyOS and a large number of Moteiv’s Tmote Sky wireless sensors. An experimental campaign has been conducted in order to test the validity of the protocol solution we propose. Experimental results show that the protocol achieves the required successful packet reception rate and the latency constraints while minimizing the energy consumption. Despite the fact that improving solutions are necessary to take into account the problem of duplicated packets, our protocol solution seems to be a good candidate for WSN in industrial automation.
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Khandelwal, Vishal. "Variability-aware VLSI design automation for nanoscale technologies." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7000.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.<br>Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Smith, Simon. "Design automation of Reed-Solomon codecs using VHDL." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323811.
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Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are non-binary, forward error-correcting codes. The RS code is flexible, in that a code can be shortened, extended, interleaved and concatenated. This flexibility has made the RS code an important design block in communication system design and today the RS code is used within a large number of applications from data storage systems to space telecommunications. Implementations of the coding and decoding strategies have until recently been limited to software due to their high complexity, however, with recent advances in IC fabrication technology it has become possible for RS codecs to be implemented in hardware. A hardware implementation has a smaller silicon requirement, and makes the technology a more applicable solution for real-time applications. However, the problem for a hardware RS codec design solution today is the acknowledged lack of codec design experts. The work outlined in this document addresses this problem through the use of Design Automation (DA). This thesis describes a solution that employs a non-proprietary, technology independent generic VHDL core. The core is a single, self-contained generic circuit description, written entirely in standard synthesizable VHDL and can therefore be used by any synthesis tool on any CAD system to produce a gate-level description for any available technology. The core developed implements a bit-serial RS codec, using a time domain algorithm for encoding, and a frequency domain algorithm for decoding. Only a limited number of code description parameters are required to be entered into the core to produce a completed design in seconds. The results presented in the thesis illustrate in detail that the VHDL core generates efficient circuit architecture in terms of silicon area which are within I% of hand-crafted designs. Comparison of synthesized results to hand crafted designs are presented for all circuit structures from the simplest multiplier up to entire encoders and decoders. Technology independence has been illustrated through the use of synthesis of the core to a traditional semi-custom gate array, LSI Logic LCA300k series, and to a popular Xilinx FPGA. The actual circuit topology, and therefore the route of the circuit critical paths, for the gate array implementation are almost identical to the handcrafted design., since the VHDL core was based on experience gained in creating those circuits. The only differences are attributable to minor differences in synthesis cell libraries that affect the circuit topology in a small way and of course the resulting maximum clock rate which wi11 always be technology-dependent. Obviously, for other architectures, for example FPGAs, the actual route of the critical paths will also be different, but the technology dependence of the critical path is beyond the scope of this thesis.
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Feary, Michael. "Formal identification of automation surprise vulnerabilities in design." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427368.
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Ezolino, Juan Stefano. "Design for automation in manufacturing systems and processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104311.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.<br>Thesis: S.M. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 88-89).<br>The Widget' industry has changed significantly over the last 20 years. Although Company A benefited from their historically strong market position for a long time, the market share of widgets has, at this point, been evenly divided between Company A and Company B. There is therefore market pressure for Company A to reassess the way it does business to be more competitive. Automation initiatives in the Widget industry have historically been slow to be implemented, and there has been hesitation to change the way widgets and their parts are designed and manufactured due to the complexity of the widget product. But in order to work in a more competitive global market, companies must question many of the established assumptions regarding their products in order to achieve efficiency gains and improve safety standards in their production system. The ultimate goal of the project was to align the design, manufacturing, and business processes with new technology capabilities and the goals of the company. By doing this, the cost of producing a widget would be decreased, while increasing in-process quality and repeatability. This thesis focuses on ways in which to show the value of improving the design of a widget to enable more efficient production systems, while ensuring the risk of injury to the mechanics is continuously lowered through increased process control and standardization. In order to understand what it means for engineers across the company to design parts and assemblies with automated manufacturing processes in mind, a list of high-level technical design principles needed to be developed. A group of 17 design and production engineers was assembled for a workshop, representing all of the widget programs, R&D, Product Development, Fabrication, Engineering Operations, Manufacturing Operations, and IT. Through two days of activities, a list of ten principles was developed that could be applied to any widget part or assembly that was intended to be manufactured through automation. After the Design for Automation (DfA) principles were established and agreed-upon, it was necessary to find ways to effectively implement new tools and methodologies into the established design process.<br>by Juan Stefano Ezolino.<br>M.B.A.<br>S.M. in Engineering Systems
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Anozie, Chidi H. "Event-Triggered Design of Networked Embedded Automation Systems." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1291754351.
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Heikkinen, Tim. "Multidisciplinary design automation : Working with product model extensions." Licentiate thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industriell produktutveckling, produktion och design, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41191.
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Being able to efficiently and effectively provide custom products has been identified as a competitive advantage for manufacturing organizations. Product configuration has been shown to be an effective way of achieving this through a modularization, product platform and product family development approach. A core assumption behind product configuration is that the module variants and their constraints can be explicitly defined as product knowledge in terms of geometry and configuration rules. This is not always the case, however. Many companies require extensive engineering to develop each module variant and cannot afford to do so in order to meet potential customer requirements within a predictable future. Instead, they try to implicitly define the module variants in terms of the process for how they can be realized. In this way they can realize module variants on demand efficiently and effectively when the customer requirements are better defined, and the development can be justified by the increased probability of profiting from the outcome. Design automation, in its broadest definition, deals with computerized engineering support by effectively and efficiently utilizing pre-planned reusable assets to progress the design process. There have been several successful implementations reported in the literature, but a widespread use is yet to be seen. It deals with the explicit definition of engineering process knowledge, which results in a collection of methods and models that can come in the form of computer scripts, parametric CADmodels, template spreadsheets, etc. These methods and models are developed using various computer tools and maintained within the different disciplines involved, such as geometric modeling, simulation, or manufacturing, and are dependent on each other through the product model. To be able to implement, utilize, and manage design automation systems in or across multiple disciplines, it is important to first understand how the disciplinary methods and models are dependent on each other through the product model and then how these relations should be constructed to support the users without negatively affecting other aspects, such as modeling flexibility, minimum documentation, and software tool independence. To support the successful implementation and management of design automation systems the work presented here has focused on understanding how some digital product model constituents are, can, and, to some extent, should be extended to concretize relations between methods and models from different tools and disciplines. It has been carried out by interviewing Swedish industrial companies, performing technical reviews, performing literature reviews, and developing prototypes, which has resulted in an increased understanding and the consequent development of a conceptual framework that highlights aspects relating to the choice of extension techniques.
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Han, Chonghun. "Human-aided, computer-based design paradigm : the automation of conceptual process design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12248.
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Han, Yiding. "Graphics Processing Unit-Based Computer-Aided Design Algorithms for Electronic Design Automation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3868.
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The electronic design automation (EDA) tools are a specific set of software that play important roles in modern integrated circuit (IC) design. These software automate the design processes of IC with various stages. Among these stages, two important EDA design tools are the focus of this research: floorplanning and global routing. Specifically, the goal of this study is to parallelize these two tools such that their execution time can be significantly shortened on modern multi-core and graphics processing unit (GPU) architectures. The GPU hardware is a massively parallel architecture, enabling thousands of independent threads to execute concurrently. Although a small set of EDA tools can benefit from using GPU to accelerate their speed, most algorithms in this field are designed with the single-core paradigm in mind. The floorplanning and global routing algorithms are among the latter, and difficult to render any speedup on the GPU due to their inherent sequential nature.
This work parallelizes the floorplanning and global routing algorithm through a novel approach and results in significant speedups for both tools implemented on the GPU hardware. Specifically, with a complete overhaul of solution space and design space exploration, a GPU-based floorplanning algorithm is able to render 4-166X speedup, while achieving similar or improved solutions compared with the sequential algorithm. The GPU-based global routing algorithm is shown to achieve significant speedup against existing state-of-the-art routers, while delivering competitive solution quality. Importantly, this parallel model for global routing renders a stable solution that is independent from the level of parallelism. In summary, this research has shown that through a design paradigm overhaul, sequential algorithms can also benefit from the massively parallel architecture. The findings of this study have a positive impact on the efficiency and design quality of modern EDA design flow.
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Phelan, Nigel R. "Aspects of the automation of casting pattern making." Thesis, University of Bath, 1992. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305217.
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Simon, Matthew. "Evaluation and automation of space habitat interior layouts." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54938.
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Future human exploration missions beyond Earth vicinity will be demanding, requiring highly efficient, mass-constrained systems to reduce overall mission costs and complexity. Additionally, long duration transits in space and lack of Earth abort opportunities will increase the physiological and psychological needs of the crew, which will require larger, more capable systems to ensure astronaut well-being. As a result, the objective of habitat design for these missions is to minimize mass and vehicle size while providing adequate space for all necessary equipment and a functional layout for crew health and productivity. Unfortunately, a literature review of methods for evaluating the performance of habitat interior layout designs (including human-in-the-loop mockup tests, in-depth computer-aided design evaluations, and subjective design evaluation studies) found that they are not currently compatible with the conceptual phase of design or optimization because of the qualitative nature of the comparisons and the significant time required to generate and evaluate each layout. Failure to consider interior layout design during conceptual design can lead to increased mass, compromised functionality, and increased risk to crew; particularly for the mass, cost, and volume-constrained long duration human missions to cislunar space and Mars currently being planned by NASA. A comprehensive and timely quantitative method to measure the effectiveness of interior layouts and track the complex, conflicting habitat design objectives earlier in the design process is desired.
A new, structured method and modeling framework to quickly measure the effectiveness of habitat interior designs is presented. This method allows for comparison of layouts at conceptual design and advances research in the previously unavailable capability to automate the generation of habitat interiors. This evaluation method features the development of a comprehensive list of quantifiable habitat layout evaluation criteria, the development of automatic methods to measure these criteria from a geometry model and designer inputs, and the application of systems engineering tools and numerical methods to construct a multi-objective value function measuring the overall habitat layout performance. In particular, this method featured the separation of subjective designer preferences and quantitative evaluation criteria measurements to speed layout evaluations and enable automation of interior layout design subject to a set of designer preferences. This method was implemented through the construction of a software tool utilizing geometry modeling coupled with collision detection techniques to identify favorable layouts subject to multiple constraints and objectives (e.g., minimize mass, maximize contiguous habitable volume, maximize task performance efficiency). Notional cis-lunar habitat layouts were evaluated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Furthermore, stochastic optimization was applied to understand and address difficulties with automated layout design, particularly constraint implementation and convergence behavior. Findings from these investigations and implications for future research are discussed.
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Strålfors, Annika. "Making test automation sharable: The design of a generic test automation framework for web based applications." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240981.
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The validation approach for assuring quality of software does often include the conduction of tests. Software testing includes a wide range of methodology depending on the system level and the component under test. Graphical user interface (GUI) testing consists of high level tests that assert that functions and design element in user interfaces work as expected. The research conducted in this paper focused on GUI testing of web based applications and the movement towards automated testing within the software industry. The question which formed the basis for the study was the following: How should a generic test automation framework be designed in order to allow maintenance between developers and non-developers? The study was conducted on a Swedish consultant company that provides e-commerce web solutions. A work strategy approach for automated testing was identified and an automation framework prototype was produced. The framework was evaluated through a pilot study where testers participated through the creation of a test suite for a specific GUI testing area. Time estimations were collected as well as qualitative measurements through a follow up survey. This paper presents a work strategy proposal for automated tests together with description of the framework system design. The results are presented with a subsequent discussion about the benefits and complexity of creating and introducing automated tests within large scale systems. Future work suggestions are also addressed together with accountancy of the frameworks usefulness for other testing areas besides GUI testing.
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Nagata, Masakazu S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "User-centered automation process in synthetic biology research." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113520.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46).<br>By designing and re-designing biological system, synthetic biology is advancing a wide range of domains from biotherapeutics for fatal cancers to biofuels and artificial meat to improve the global environment and food security. As the scale and complexity of synthetic biology endeavors are increasing, designing automation processes to replace manual labor is becoming more important to improve cost effectiveness, reproducibility, and efficiency including error reduction. Despite the desire for lab automation in the research and industry, in reality, scientists still largely rely on manual techniques in the labs even though the conventional approach becomes unmanageable and slows down their research iterations. One of the key problems is the mental barrier. According to the online survey and interviews conducted in this research, almost 90% of researchers cannot trust the quality of robot's work even though they do not know the actual success rate of the robotics work and what the robot can do. To bridge the gap for making the automation process more accessible, this research is proposing the use of "Bot", a software robot with which people can communicate through the internet and "Internet of things (IoT)". In the system, Bot is connected with the lab automation robots such as liquid handling robots. By communicating with the Bot using user-interfaces such as Slack, researchers can place work orders on lab robots and monitor their order status anytime. Moreover, people can directly ask the Bot for important information and instructions, such as protocol success rate and scheduling.<br>by Masakazu Nagata.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Cederfeldt, Mikael. "Planning Design Automation : A Structured Method and Supporting Tools." Doctoral thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-2501.
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The demand for customised products that meet different markets and different customers is steadily increasing. Also, the demand for shorter lead times for the delivery of these customised products puts strains on design departments whose work tends to become increasingly repetitive. At the same time, designing variants takes time from innovative, original design, and/or problem-solving tasks. A powerful tool in the endeavour to cut lead times, workloads, and ultimately costs in order to become more competitive in an increasingly globalised market is Design Automation. Automating tedious and repetitive design tasks will free the designers to focus on the tasks that require skill, creativity, intuition, and cooperation to be solved. Consequently, seeing a need for design automation systems is not difficult. What becomes a lot more difficult is identifying the type, scope, and format of the system implementation, as well as the actual design tasks and activities to support or automate. Therefore, there is a need for structured and systematic approaches for the realisation and implementation of design automation systems. This research work is aimed at presenting such approaches, methods, and aids. It also addresses the importance of identifying the exact tasks to be automated. This has to be done in order to find the method and implementations best suited for solving the tasks, something that is especially important for companies whose human and financial resources might not allow them to invest in a system with functionality that vastly exceeds their actual needs. The contribution of this work is a structured method for planning for design automation implementation. First, the design process is discussed from an automation perspective. Following this is a presentation of a framework of design automation. This framework has the purpose of serving as a common base for consensual discussions about design automation. In addition, it supports the setting-up of system specifications. The framework is followed by the introduction of a set of identifiers of system needs and potentials, focusing on the existing processes that need to be broken down and identified in order to specify the tasks to be automated. Following this is a set of criteria of system characteristics, focusing on properties of the intended system implementation. Finally, some realisation and implementation issues are addressed and exemplified through a number of pilot system implementations. The presented method for planning design automation, together with the presented framework of design automation, provides implementers with issues to address regarding potential, need, scope, and format of system implementations. Further, it supports the weighing of desired system characteristics in order to find the right balance between system complexity and functionality.
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Cheng, Yuxin. "Home Automation System Design And Implementation Based On 6LoWPAN." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174829.
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Home automation systems are collections of smart devices that enable various functions within a house or building, such as light and plug control, energy monitoring, temperature metering, air conditioning and heating, etc. Usually, these devices are smart sensors, that are implemented with low power communication protocol like ZigBee and 6LoWPAN and only can be controlled from an Internet gateway. Nowadays, there are lots of home automation products on the market for customers. User can use application on smart phone to control the products they bought. The control command can go through a cloud-based server and be directed to the corresponding gateway, and finally reach to the sensor devices, which is referred to as "cloud-based mode" system. However, this single mode is not effcient under some circumstances where the Internet is not enabled or allowed. In this thesis work, a hybrid system architecture is proposed, implemented and evaluated, which include both stand-only and cloud-based mode. It offers a quick connection when user's smart phone and the sensor gateway are in the same private network. The proposed doublemode system architecture fits user's need and provides high reliability.<br>Hemautomationssystem är smarta enheter som möjliggör olika funktioner i ett hus eller en byggnad, såsom kontroll av ljus och uttag, energiövervakning, temperaturm ätning, luftkonditionering och uppvärmning, etc. Dessa enheter är vanligtvis smarta sensorer, implementerade med lågeffekt kommunikationsprotokoll som ZigBee och 6LoWPAN som endast kan styras via en Internet-gateway. Numera finns det era hemautomationprodukter på marknaden. Användaren kan med sin smarta telefon styra sina produkter. Kommandot går via en molnbaserad server och vidarebefordras till motsvarande gateway, kommandot når slutligen till sensoranordningarna, även kallat "molnbaserat läge". Detta "molnbaserade läge" är inte effektiv under vissa omständigheter där internetanslutning ej är tillänglig. I detta avhandlingsarbete föreslås, genomförs och utvärderas en hybrid systemarkitektur som inkluderar både stand-only och molnbaserade läget. Detta erbjuder en snabb anslutning när användarens smartphone och sensor gateway är pår samma privata nätverk. Den föreslagna systemarkitekturen passar användarens behov och ger hög tillförlitlighe
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Feng, Wenyuan. "Evolutionary design automation for control systems with practical constraints." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4507/.
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The aim of this work is to explore the potential and to enhance the capability of evolutionary computation in the development of novel and advanced methodologies that enable control system structural optimisation and design automation for practical applications. Current design and optimisation methods adopted in control systems engineering are in essence based upon conventional numerical techniques that require derivative information of performance indices. These techniques lack robustness in solving practical engineering problems, which are often of a multi-dimensional, multi-modal nature. Using those techniques can often achieve neither global nor structural optimisation. In contrast, evolutionary mechanism learning tools have the ability to search in a multi-dimensional, multi-modal space, but they can not approach a local optimum as a conventional calculus-based method. The first objective of this research is to develop a reliable and effective evolutionary algorithm for engineering applications. In this thesis, a globally optimal evolutionary methodology and environment for control system structuring and design automation is developed, which requires no design indices to be differentiable. This is based on the development of a hybridised GA search engine, whose local tuning is tremendously enhanced by the incorporation of Hill-Climbing (HC), Simulated Annealing (SA) and Simplex techniques to improve the performance in search and design. A Lamarckian inheritance technique is also developed to improve crossover and mutation operations in GAs. Benchmark tests have shown that the enhanced hybrid GA is accurate, and reliable. Based on this search engine and optimisation core, a linear and nonlinear control system design automation suite is developed in a Java based platform-independent format, which can be readily available for design and design collaboration over corporate Intranets and the Internet. Since it has also made cost function unnecessary to be differentiable, hybridised indices combining time and frequency domain measurement and accommodating practical constraints can now be incorporated in the design. Such type of novel indices are proposed in the thesis and incorporated in the design suite. The Proportional plus Integral plus Derivative (PID) controller is very popular in real world control applications. The development of new PID tuning rules remains an area of active research. Many researchers, such as Åström and Hägglund, Ho, Zhuang and Atherton, have suggested many methods. However, their methods still suffer from poor load disturbance rejection, poor stability or shutting of the derivative control etc. In this thesis, Systematic and batch optimisation of PID controllers to meet practical requirements is achieved using the developed design automation suite. A novel cost function is designed to take disturbance rejection, stability in terms of gain and phase margins and other specifications into account in-the same time. Comparisons made with Ho's method confirm that the derivative action can play an important role to improve load disturbance rejection yet maintaining the same stability margins. Comparisons made with Åström’s method confirm that the results from this thesis are superior not only in load disturbance rejection but also in terms of stability margins. Further robustness issues are addressed by extending the PID structure to a free form transfer function. This is realised by achieving design automation. Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT), method offers a direct frequency-domain design technique for uncertain plants, which can deal non-conservatively with different types of uncertainty models and specifications. QFT design problems are often multi-modal and multi-dimensional, where loop shaping is .the most challenging part. Global solutions can hardly be obtained using analytical and convex or linear programming techniques. In addition, these types of conventional methods often impose unrealistic or unpractical assumptions and often lead to very conservative designs. In this thesis, GA-based automatic loop shaping for QFT controllers suggested by the Research Group is being furthered. A new index is developed for the design which can describe stability, load rejection and reduction of high frequency gains, which has not been achieved with existing methods. The corresponding prefilter can also be systematically designed if tracking is one of the specifications. The results from the evolutionary computing based design automation suite show that the evolutionary technique is much better than numerical methods and manual designs, i.e., 'high frequency gain' and controller order have been significantly reduced. Time domain simulations show that the designed QFT controller combined with the corresponding prefilter performs more satisfactorily.
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Ting, Yu, and 丁瑜. "Garment Design Automation－Automatic Patterns Generation." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22241420052017544720.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>機械工程學系碩博士班<br>92<br>Most of the commercial computer-aided garment design software provides the functions of two-dimensional pattern design, modification and scaling on simply 2D pattern design. The software only can be operated with experienced designers. With many times of try-and-error, designers just can develop new products.
In this research, we use computer to design three-dimensional garments to reach the purpose of automation. We unfold designed garments into plane with curved surface flattening method. Joining the knowledge and experience of professional garments designers provides various types of constrain conditions for patterns and aligns lattices to produce flattening patterns automatically. In order to reduce the gaps between lattices, we develop a local lattice alignment method that can gather the gaps together into one large gap. This method is just like darts and pleats in traditional pattern making.
In this research, we collect the pattern making experts’ experiences to fix the formula and .the procedure of WaistFittingDarts and to decide which constrain condition to be used, where darts produced and how long they will take. We also develop a single lattice principal alignment method to produce shoulder darts, ArmscyeDarts and BustFittingDarts. With different position of darts, we can reduce the divergence between patterns and original designed surfaces. It can also make garments more close to bodies and show elegant curves when wearing them. Furthermore, we analyze various factors that may influence the results of flattening patterns. Finally, this research provides file formats that can be outputted to two-dimensional pattern making software to edit details.
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Machado, Luís Maria Travassos de Pinheiro Jorge. "Design Automation." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/136029.
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A presente dissertação foca-se na automatização de um projeto iniciado manualmente pela EFACEC, na aplicação SCADE Display. Neste caso, na automatização de um troço de uma linha ferroviária, com toda a informação presente num railML (ficheiro-tipo xml). Todo este projeto foi realizado em Java, com apoio da ferramenta Eclipse.
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Chang, Shin-Chun, and 張世均. "LC VCO Design Automation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14750156208814031910.
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碩士<br>國防大學理工學院<br>光電工程碩士班<br>97<br>This thesis proposes a design window technology to establish an automatic program on p-n cross-couple LC voltage controlled oscillator (LC-VCO). By considering the variation on semiconductor fabrications, the circuit accuracy has been improves greatly through the program. The optimal property design points are derived at the same time through analyzing the design window and the modeling parameters. Since good agreements were derived by comparing the results with the ADS circuit simulator and the measured data on the test chips, accuracy and feasibility of the program were verified. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that the program is applicable for the applications on the commonly used frequency range for the communication system (1 GHz ~10.6 GHz), and only 16 seconds of computation time is needed to reach an optimization design. Consequently, it is concluded that the program is able to greatly assist the RFIC design in the future.
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"Analog layout automation." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549410.
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The integration of high-performance analog and digital circuits leads to an increasing need of new tools compatible for both the digital and analog parts. Unfortunately, the low acceptance of CAD tools in the analog domain presents a serious bottleneck to the fast realization of mixed-signal systems. Due to a higher sensitivity of the electrical performance to layout details, analog designs are much more complicated than digital ones. Process and temperature variations can introduce severe mismatches in devices that are designed to behave identically. These undesirable effects can be alleviated by a symmetric layout. Matching and symmetry in placement and routing in analog circuits are thus of immense importance.<br>In this thesis, we will present an effective layout method for analog circuits. We consider symmetry constraint, common centroid constraint, device merging and device clustering during the placement step. Symmetric routing will then be performed. In order to have successful routing, we will perform analog-based routability-driven adjustment during the placement process, taking into account for analog circuits that wires are not preferred to be layout on top of active devices. All these concepts were put together in our tool. Experimental results show that we can generate quality analog layout within minutes of time that passes the design rule check, layout-schematic verification and the simulation results are comparable to those of manual design, while a manual design will take a designer a couple of days to generate.<br>Xiao, Linfu.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-154).<br>Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Abstract --- p.i<br>Acknowledgement --- p.ii<br>Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Analog Layout Problem --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Analog Circuit Design Flow --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.1.2 --- An Example: μA741 Operational Amplifier --- p.5<br>Chapter 1.1.3 --- Analog Layout Problem --- p.6<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Thesis Contribution and Organization --- p.8<br>Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.11<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Analog Layout Basics --- p.11<br>Chapter 2.1.1 --- Parasitic Effects --- p.12<br>Chapter 2.1.2 --- Signal Coupling Effects --- p.13<br>Chapter 2.1.3 --- Process Variation Effects --- p.15<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Previous Analog Layout Automation Tools --- p.18<br>Chapter 2.3 --- Previous Analog Layout Automation Approaches --- p.22<br>Chapter 2.3.1 --- Device Generation --- p.23<br>Chapter 2.3.2 --- Analog Placement --- p.25<br>Chapter 2.3.3 --- Analog Routing --- p.37<br>Chapter 3 --- System Overview --- p.45<br>Chapter 3.1 --- System Flow Map --- p.45<br>Chapter 3.1.1 --- Device Generation --- p.46<br>Chapter 3.1.2 --- Analog Placement --- p.49<br>Chapter 3.1.3 --- Analog Routing --- p.51<br>Chapter 4 --- Analog Placement --- p.53<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.53<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Symmetric Feasible Conditions on Sequence Pair --- p.55<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Properties of Sequence Pair --- p.56<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Symmetric Feasible Conditions --- p.58<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Common Centroid Grid Placement --- p.69<br>Chapter 4.3.1 --- Grid Placement Representation --- p.70<br>Chapter 4.3.2 --- Common Centroid Feasible Conditions in Grid Sequence --- p.71<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Methodology --- p.73<br>Chapter 4.4.1 --- Handling Symmetry Constraints --- p.74<br>Chapter 4.4.2 --- Device Merging --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.4.3 --- Device Clustering --- p.77<br>Chapter 4.4.4 --- Enhanced Common Centroid Placement --- p.78<br>Chapter 4.4.5 --- Placement Adjustment for Symmetry Groups --- p.82<br>Chapter 4.4.6 --- Congestion Aware Placement Expansion --- p.86<br>Chapter 4.4.7 --- Types of Moves --- p.87<br>Chapter 4.4.8 --- Annealing Schedule and Cost Function --- p.88<br>Chapter 5 --- Analog Routing --- p.90<br>Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.90<br>Chapter 5.2 --- Methodology --- p.91<br>Chapter 5.2.1 --- Symmetry Routing --- p.94<br>Chapter 5.2.2 --- Practical Concerns --- p.97<br>Chapter 6 --- Layer Assignment --- p.106<br>Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.106<br>Chapter 6.1.1 --- Problem Formulation --- p.108<br>Chapter 6.1.2 --- Previous Works --- p.109<br>Chapter 6.1.3 --- Background --- p.111<br>Chapter 6.2 --- Methodology --- p.114<br>Chapter 6.2.1 --- Global Conflict-Continuation Graph Construction --- p.114<br>Chapter 6.2.2 --- The Modified Two-layer Layer Assignment Scheme --- p.116<br>Chapter 6.2.3 --- Stacked Via Problem and Crosstalk --- p.120<br>Chapter 6.2.4 --- Max-Cut for planar graph --- p.121<br>Chapter 7 --- Experimental Results --- p.128<br>Chapter 7.1 --- Results of Analog Placement --- p.129<br>Chapter 7.2 --- Results of Layer Assignment --- p.133<br>Chapter 7.3 --- Simulation Results --- p.134<br>Bibliography --- p.136
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Hsieh, Chung-Ming, and 謝仲銘. "Sigma Delta Modulator Design Automation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gvcyxs.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>電腦與通訊研究所<br>95<br>Sigma Delta Modulator Design Automation from system to circuit is presented in this paper. The sigma delta modulator design flow can be separated into the system and circuit level design. It often adopts Matlab Simulink for the system level design and utilizes circuit simulator like Hspice or Spectre for the circuit level design. We propose a methodology which is realized by a script language PERL to control and link all these simulation tools. For the purpose of the automation, we also applied simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the system parameters in the script.
We have successfully implemented this automation flow for the switched-cap third-order feedback single loop single bit with the simulated annealing algorithm. The final SNDR of the automatically designed SDM ADC shows up to 87dB. Besides, this methodology can be applied to any architecture of the sigma delta modulators only if the system is modeled well in Matlab Simulink. Finally we compare with the results of a man designed low power low voltage SDM and the automation designed.
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"AXIOMATIC DESIGN OF BEARING PACKAGING AUTOMATION." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-01-1383.
Full textAbstract:
QA bearing technologies Ltd. (hereafter QA) is a custom manufacturer of bearings in a variety of types and sizes. This research concerns one of the processes in QA’s bearing manufacturing in which the individual bearings, once assembled, are packaged to prevent corrosion and attack from any environmental influence. QA currently employs a manual process, which is time-consuming and significantly limits QA’s productivity. This greatly raises a need to improve this process through the design of an automated process for bearing packaging. Various kinds of packaging machine are available in the market for this application. However, most of them are designed for general packaging purpose and simply combining them may result in the functional overlap as applied to the packaging process. This research aims to design an automatic bearing packaging system (ABPS) based on an advanced design theory, i.e., Axiomatic Design Theory (ADT).
In the first part of this research, a set of general functional requirements (FRs) and constraints (CONs) were defined specifically based on the needs from the customers. All FRs were maintained independent to each other such that the following design wouldn’t result in functional overlap. Then, design parameters (DPs) in general level were created to satisfy the defined FRs, each being a functionally independent subsystem consists of both custom-design components and products existing in the market. The second part of the research was to decompose the FRs and DPs based on independent axiom of ADT into further levels until the conceptual design was accomplished. In this process, acceptable alternatives in different hierarchies were proposed for comparison in the decision making process. Also, the relationship between FRs and DPs in the same level was always maintained one-to-one, which allows readily for modification in future, if needed.
In the third part of this research, the information axiom of ADT was utilized to find the best solution from alternatives. For this, each alternative was evaluated in terms of the information content that reflects the possibility of satisfying the objective FR. The one with least information content was determined as the best alternative. As a result of this research, two solutions with different degree of automation were recommended for the bearing packaging system. The first solution is featured with higher degree of automation and capable of packaging bearings with limited human interface and as result, the total cost for its implementation is relatively high. The second solution integrates semi-automated machines and simplified sealing strategy and as such, the cost for its implementation is significantly reduced.
After the conceptual design is complete, ADT is further applied in the detailed design level for oiling system with custom-designed components and mechanism. For the design of certain DPs, the design process applying ADT is used to compare with conventional methods, proved to be more efficient and simplified. Eventually, the final solution proposed for the detailed design of oiling system is consistent with independent axiom of ADT.