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1
Gottfried, Shikha Ghosh. A conceptual framework for web-based collaborative design. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, Dept. of Computer Science, 1997.
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2
Gottfried, Shikha Ghosh. A conceptual framework for web-based collaborative design. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, Dept. of Computer Science, 1997.
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3
Dewey, Allen M. Principles of VLSI system planning: A framework for conceptual design. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.
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4
Kozma, Robert B. Design in context: A conceptual framework for the study of computer software in higher education. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan, 1987.
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5
Rastoskuev, Viktor, Vladislav Donchenko, Viktor Pitulko, and Varvara Ivanova. Basics of environmental impact assessment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23160.
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The analysis of the regulatory framework of environmental
environment, wildlife, and environmental safety in Russia and
abroad. Particular attention is paid to the presentation of the theory, methodology and practice
cal techniques for geo-environmental study of economic activity
level of a feasibility study, design,
construction and operation, as well as designing principles
tion and environmental protection facilities. The conceptual procedure
environmental impact assessment (EIA), environmental
risk analysis, assessment and auditing, which are the main tools
Tami environmental support planned economic activity
of Russia´s (methods, tools, and environmental assessment criteria, methods
Wild assess the intensity of anthropogenic load on the environment).
Compliant with the Federal State of Education
tional standard of the latest generation of higher education.
Recommended for students and teachers of all technical eg
boards and university education specialties. May be
also used in the study courses "Ecology", "Ecology and nature
dopolzovanie "" Environmental Protection "," Harmful substances in the environ-
environment "," Ekozaschitnaya equipment and technology "and aspiranta-
E specialty "Geoecology".
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Muijnck, Sam, and Joris Tieleman. Economy Studies. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463726047.
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The Economy Studies project emerged from the worldwide movement to modernise economics education, spurred on by the global financial crisis of 2008, the climate crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic. It envisions a wide variety of economics graduates and specialists, equipped with a broad toolkit, enabling them to collectively understand and help tackle the issues the world faces today. This is a practical guide for (re-)designing economics courses and programs. Based on a clear conceptual framework and ten flexible building blocks, this handbook offers refreshing ideas and practical suggestions to stimulate student engagement and critical thinking across a wide range of courses. Key features Adapting Existing Courses: Plug-and-play suggestions to improve existing economics courses with attention to institutions, history, values and practical skills. Teaching materials: A guide through the rapidly growing range of innovative textbooks and other teaching materials. Example Courses and Curricula: How to design pluralist, real-world economics education within the practical limits of time and resources. The companion website, www.economystudies.com, contains a wealth of additional resources, such as tailor-made booklets for more specific audiences, additional teaching materials and links to plug-and-play syllabi and courses, and opportunities for workshops and exchange with other economics educators.
7
Gottfried, Shikha Ghosh. A conceptual framework for web-based collaborative design. 1996.
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8
Gottfried, Shikha Ghosh. A conceptual framework for web-based collaborative design. 1996.
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9
Dewey, Allen M. Principles of Vlsi System Planning: A Framework For Conceptual Design. Springer, 2011.
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10
S, Valberg Leslie, and Canadian Medical Association, eds. Planning the future academic medical centre: Conceptual framework and financial design. Ottawa: Canadian Medical Association, 1994.
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11
Melzer, Philipp. A Conceptual Framework for Personalised Learning: Influence Factors, Design, and Support Potentials. Springer Gabler, 2018.
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12
Kozma, Robert. Design in Context a Conceptual Framework for the Study of Computer Software/87F-002. Ncriptal Pubns, 1987.
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13
Hoban, Garry F. The Missing Links in Teacher Education Design: Developing a Multi-linked Conceptual Framework (Self Study of Teaching and Teacher Education Practices). Springer, 2006.
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14
Hoban, Garry F. The Missing Links in Teacher Education Design: Developing a Multi-linked Conceptual Framework (Self Study of Teaching and Teacher Education Practices). Springer, 2005.
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15
Rouse, William B. Failure Management. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870999.001.0001.
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Failures are common phenomena in civilization. Things fail and society responds, often very slowly, sometimes inappropriately. What kinds of things go wrong? Why do they go wrong? How do people and organizations react to failures? What are the best ways to react? This book addresses these questions. The analytic approach to these questions is case based and addresses 18 well-known cases of failures. A multi-level framework is employed to integrate findings across the case studies. These findings are employed to outline a conceptual approach to integrated failure management. The overarching conclusion is that the conceptual design of an integrated approach to failure management can encompass all of the 18 case studies. They all would have benefitted from the same conceptual decision support architecture. This enables cross-cutting system design principles and practices, assuring that failure management in every new domain and context need not start with a blank slate.
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Bullock, Jamie. Designing Interfaces for Musical Algorithms. Edited by Roger T. Dean and Alex McLean. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190226992.013.10.
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This chapter presents a range of approaches to the design of interfaces for the creation of and interaction with musical algorithms. The first part of the chapter grounds the discussion in an overview of salient design and development methods, drawing on the fields of usability, user experience, user-centred design, activity-centred design, and the psychological concept of ‘flow’. This culminates in the exposition of a new conceptual framework, music-centred design, which brings together these methods within the context of musical activity. The second part of the chapter presents a series of design case studies, each focusing on a distinct approach to interfaces for musical algorithms, and critically situates these in terms of design philosophy and implementation. A concluding argument is made for the centrality of design in the development of interfaces for algorithmic music.
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Buhler, James, and Hannah Lewis, eds. Voicing the Cinema. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043000.001.0001.
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The introduction sets up the scope and framework of the volume as a whole. Over the past three decades, the study of the film soundtrack has developed into a rich scholarly discipline, characterized by diverse approaches and methodologies. As an object of theoretical focus, the voice has helped correct the long-standing ocularcentrism of film theory discourse. Yet, the voice as a narrow concept is itself problematic in that it limits our understanding of how it functions among the various components of the soundtrack. Understood as part of an integrated soundtrack—that is, a soundtrack where the various components have a sense of being planned or composed and where sound design and music are blended into a kind of conceptual unity—the voice assumes a somewhat different role and allows for a more complex and interpretively richer conceptual framework. This volume aims to reconsider and broaden our notion of what the voice as a concept can do for studies of film music and sound. The introduction explores theoretical concerns relating to film dialogue, vococentrism, the spectacle of the singing voice, film music’s commentative function as voice, as well as the voice of various cinematic authorship and production. It concludes with a brief summary of each chapter in the volume. Considering these many different conceptions of “voice” can provide new perspectives on how we consider the relationship between voice and cinema, broadly defined.
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Stark, Alastair. Failing to Learn. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831990.003.0001.
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This chapter provides the reader with an introduction to the book’s fundamentals. It begins with a challenge to the conventional view that public inquiries are ineffective, which stresses that inquiry scholarship has simply not been rigorous enough to justify that position. The book’s response to that lack of rigour, in the form of its research design and theoretical framework, is then set out and justified. Thereafter three outputs are summarized as the book’s main contributions. First, an updated conceptual account of what the public inquiry is in relation to contemporary public policy and governance. Second, a central argument that inquiries produce certain types of policy learning that reduce our vulnerability to future crises. Finally, the identification of a series of factors that influence inquiry success and failure.
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Mintrom, Michael. Herbert A. Simon,. Edited by Martin Lodge, Edward C. Page, and Steven J. Balla. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646135.013.22.
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InAdministrative Behavior, Herbert Simon proposed a science of administration where organizational decisions represent the primary units of analysis. In constructing a conceptual framework to guide that science, Simon drew heavily on insights from cognitive psychology. Since its publication in 1947,Administrative Behaviorhas inspired researchers investigating institutional and organizational practices across many settings. Here, consideration is given to the impact ofAdministrative Behaviorin public policy and public administration. Four legacies are highlighted. They are: scholarship on incrementalism in policy-making, scholarship on agenda setting, scholarship on choice architecture, and scholarship on expertise and learning organizations. Continuous improvements in information technology and its application, combined with increasing citizen demands for more effective and efficient government, suggest ideas introduced inAdministrative Behaviorwill continue to influence theory and practice in policy design and public management for years to come.
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Beale, Geoff, and John Read, eds. Guidelines for Evaluating Water in Pit Slope Stability. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643108363.
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Guidelines for Evaluating Water in Pit Slope Stability is a comprehensive account of the hydrogeological procedures that should be followed when performing open pit slope stability design studies. Created as an outcome of the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, an international research and technology transfer project on the stability of rock slopes in open pit mines, this book expands on the hydrogeological model chapter in the LOP project's previous book Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design (Read & Stacey, 2009; CSIRO PUBLISHING).
The book comprises six sections which outline the latest technology and best practice procedures for hydrogeological investigations. The sections cover: the framework used to assess the effect of water in slope stability; how water pressures are measured and tested in the field; how a conceptual hydrogeological model is prepared; how water pressures are modelled numerically; how slope depressurisation systems are implemented; and how the performance of a slope depressurisation program is monitored and reconciled with the design.
Guidelines for Evaluating Water in Pit Slope Stability offers slope design practitioners a road map that will help them decide how to investigate and treat water pressures in pit slopes. It provides guidance and essential information for mining and civil engineers, geotechnical engineers, engineering geologists and hydrogeologists involved in the investigation, design and construction of stable rock slopes.
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Levinthal, Daniel A. Evolutionary Processes and Organizational Adaptation. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199684946.001.0001.
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Strategists are encouraged to identify sustained competitive advantages. This volume takes a different tact and provides a perspective on how organizations adapt over time to changing circumstances. This process is characterized as not driven by the inspired wisdom of a grand strategist, but by an ecology of initiatives within the organization. A central role of the organization is to mediate between the market forces in which it operates and the culling and amplification of these initiatives within the organization. In this spirit, a useful touchstone is that of Mendel, who sits intermediate between the blind watchmaker of a purely Darwinian process and a “chess master” strategist as suggested by stylized rational choice approaches. The “Mendelian executive” operates with intentionality, but this intentionality is with respect to the design of the experimental process rather than the identification of specific pathways forward. The two core conceptual pillars of the work are that of path-dependence, what are the adjacent “spaces” to which an organization might move, and “artificial selection,” how the organization mediates aggregate immediate outcomes and the allocation of resources and rewards to the various initiatives and actors within the organization. Entities that have a sustained lifespan are not static, but engage in processes of renewal, whether cells in the human body or lines of business within a firm. A conceptual framework is provided to illuminate some of the fundamental mechanisms underlying this process.
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Borrás, Susana, and Charles Edquist. Holistic Innovation Policy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809807.001.0001.
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This book is about holistic innovation policy: its theoretical foundations, its problem-oriented approach, and its instrument choices. We start with the observation that most of the current innovation policies are not holistic because they only focus on a few determinants of innovation processes. This book provides a theoretically anchored foundation for the design of holistic innovation policy by identifying the core policy problems that tend to afflict the activities of innovation systems, including the unintended consequences of policy itself. This is a necessary stepping stone for the identification of viable, relevant, and down-to-earth policy solutions. The book also offers a critical analysis of policy instruments and their choice in innovation policy design. It is not a ‘recipe’ nor a ‘how-to’ guide. Instead, it provides analytical depth and substantial considerations about the ways in which policy might be providing solutions to problems in systems of innovation. After introducing its conceptual framework about innovation and innovation policy, the book delves into the following areas of innovation policy-making: knowledge production and research and development; education, training, and skills development; functional procurement as demand-side; change of organizations through entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship; interaction and innovation networks; changing institutions and regulations; and the public financing of early stage innovations. Its critical and novel perspective serves policy-makers, scholars, and anyone interested in the design of innovation policy. The summary chapter (Chapter 12) can be read independently of the rest of the book.
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Ashworth, Scott, Christopher R. Berry, and Ethan Bueno de Mesquita. Theory and Credibility. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691213828.001.0001.
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The credibility revolution, with its emphasis on empirical methods for causal inference, has led to concerns among scholars that the canonical questions about politics and society are being neglected because they are no longer deemed answerable. This book stakes out an opposing view—presenting a new vision of how, working together, the credibility revolution and formal theory can advance social scientific inquiry. The book covers the conceptual foundations and practicalities of both model building and research design, providing a new framework to link theory and empirics. Drawing on diverse examples from political science, it presents a typology of the rich set of interactions that are possible between theory and empirics. This typology opens up new ways for scholars to make progress on substantive questions and enables researchers from disparate traditions to gain a deeper appreciation for each other's work and why it matters. The book shows theorists how to create models that are genuinely useful to empirical inquiry, and helps empiricists better understand how to structure their research in ways that speak to theoretically meaningful questions.
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Bishop, Daniel. The Presence of the Past. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190932688.001.0001.
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In the tumultuous era of the late sixties and early seventies, several currents of American art and culture coalesced around a broad sensibility that foregrounded and explored the immediacy of lived experience as both an aesthetic and political imperative. But in films set in the historical past, this sensibility acquired complex additional resonances by speaking to the ephemerality of the present moment through a framework of history, myth, nostalgia, and other forms of temporal alienation and distance. The Presence of the Past explores the implications of this complex moment in Hollywood cinema through several prominent examples released in the years 1967 to 1974. Key genres are explored in detailed case studies: the outlaw film (Bonnie and Clyde and Badlands), the revisionist Western (Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, McCabe and Mrs. Miller), the neo-noir (Chinatown), and the nostalgia film (The Last Picture Show and American Graffiti). In these films, “the past” is more than a matter of genre or setting. Rather, it is a richly diverse, often paradoxical concern in its own right, whose study bridges diverse conceptual territories within soundtrack studies, including the sixties pop score, myth criticism, media technologies, and the role of classical music in compilation scoring. Against a broader background of an industry and film culture that were witnessing a stylistic and aesthetic diversification in the use of music and sound design, The Presence of the Past argues for the film-philosophical importance of the soundtrack for cultivating an imagined experiential understanding of the past.
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Bebbington, Anthony, Abdul-Gafaru Abdulai, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Marja Hinfelaar, Cynthia A. Sanborn, Jessica Achberger, Celina Grisi Huber, Verónica Hurtado, Tania Ramírez, and Scott D. Odell. Resource Extraction and Inclusive Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820932.003.0001.
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This chapter develops a conceptual framework for understanding the politics of extractive industry governance. Building from the work of Karl, Ross, Watts, and others, and their efforts to understand the political drivers and consequences of the resource curse, the chapter proposes an approach that also engages with political settlements theory, addressing the political implications of the materiality of natural resources and the politics of ideas surrounding resource governance. The chapter then introduces a programme of cross-country, comparative research designed to address the relationships among political settlements, extractive industry, and patterns of development; describes the questions that guided this research; and presents the methods used.
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Scully, Jason. The Syriac Sources for Isaac of Nineveh’s Development of Wonder and Astonishment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803584.003.0004.
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This chapter shows that Isaac derives his conceptual framework for the concept of ecstasy, along with the technical terms wonder and astonishment, from sources that were originally written in Syriac. In particular, both Ephrem and John the Solitary situate wonder and astonishment within the framework of the future world, which means that Isaac’s desire to frame wonder and astonishment in terms of the mind’s ability to wander into heaven and acquire knowledge of the future world demonstrates his dependence on a trajectory of thought that arises from these two authors. Isaac, however, offers the distinct contribution of describing this connection between wonder and knowledge of the future world with the language of itinerancy. According to Isaac, perfect Christians obtain heavenly knowledge during the moment of prayer, when their minds become itinerant and wander into heaven in order to receive a pledge of the heavenly mysteries from the Holy Spirit.
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Dess, Nancy, Jeanne Marecek, and Leslie Bell, eds. Gender, Sex, and Sexualities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190658540.001.0001.
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This volume is a compendium of conceptual frameworks and associated research approaches used for inquiry into gender, sex, and sexualities. It is suitable for use as an advanced textbook. Part I (Emerging Frameworks: Beyond Binaries) includes Magnusson and Marecek on meanings of sex and gender; Warner and Shields on intersectionality theory; Hegarty, Ansara, and Barker on nonbinary gender identities; and Gowaty on flexibility as a core evolutionary principle. Part II (Contemporary Avenues of Inquiry) includes Kurtiş and Adams on cultural psychology; Donaghue on discursive psychology; Lee and Pratto on gendered power; Biernat and Sesko on gender stereotypes and stereotyping; Leaper on the development of children’s identities, traits, and peer relations; Bell on psychoanalytic theories; Hines on the psychobiology of early gender development; Diamond on a dynamical systems approach to intimacy and desire; Heywood and Garcia on the integration of evolutionary theory, neuroscience, and feminist theory; and Scholnick and Miller on concepts and categories in feminist developmental psychology.
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Riley, Barbara L., Cameron D. Willis, Bev Holmes, Diane T. Finegood, Allan Best, and Jessie-Lee D. McIsaac. Systems Thinking and Dissemination and Implementation Research. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683214.003.0009.
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Increasingly, the literature highlights the benefits of systems thinking in approaching dissemination and implementation efforts and associated research in health. This chapter draws attention to features of systems thinking that are most pertinent to dissemination and implementation research, including how we think about dissemination and implementation objects and strategies. It covers main features of dissemination and implementation research—its purpose and questions, conceptual frameworks, study designs and methods, and the research process. In doing so, it provides an overview of a systems-oriented approach to dissemination and implementation research. The chapter provides two dissemination and implementation research examples that demonstrate the applicability of the approaches described in this chapter across a range of health issues, especially the complex health problems—of today and the foreseeable future—that cause the greatest health, social, and economic burden to individuals and societies worldwide.
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Fjermestad, Krister, Bryce D. McLeod, Carrie B. Tully, and Juliette M. Liber. Therapist Characteristics and Interventions. Edited by Sara Maltzman. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199739134.013.11.
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This chapter reviews the empirical literature on factors that might influence the development and maintenance of the alliance and client involvement in youth therapy. Thus, our review of the literature is conducted through the lens of the evidence-based practice movement, which emphasizes the importance of tailoring the delivery of evidence-based treatments to individual clients. We present a conceptual model designed to explain how therapy produces change in youth, focusing on process and outcome through therapeutic interventions hypothesized to strengthen the alliance and maximize client involvement Then we use the model as a framework for reviewing the empirical evidence demonstrating that therapist characteristics, therapeutic interventions, and therapist competence influence the therapist–client alliance and client involvement. The chapter concludes with clinical implications and suggested future research directions.
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Topuzov, Oleg, Angelica Tsimbalaru, Tetiana Zasekina, and Luidmyla Popova. A set of advanced training programs for teaching staff of general secondary education institutions. Field of knowledge: 01 Education Specialty 014 Secondary education. Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32405/topuzov-2021-42.
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A set of advanced training programs for teachers of general secondary education institutions is designed to train management and teaching staff of general secondary education institutions who will implement an innovative educational project of the all-Ukrainian level on the topic "Didactic, methodological and educational support to implement the conceptual foundations of basic secondary education reformation" for April 2021- December 2026 (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine No. 484 dated April 29, 2021). The content of the programs is a set of modules and topics, the choice of which takes into account the peculiarities of the professional activity of a modern teacher and the requirements of society for providing educational institutions with highly qualified specialists; the main directions of state policy in the field of education, in particular, the National Qualifications Framework, educational standards, requirements for the competencies of teaching staff, in particular, for the introduction of innovative educational systems.
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Buchanan, Allen. Justifying Preventive War, Institutionally. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190878436.003.0008.
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This chapter applies the conceptual framework and methodology for just war theorizing, developed previously, to the problem of justifying preventive war—war undertaken to avert a threat of wrongful harm that is not imminent. Several distinct objections to the permissibility of preventive war are laid out and critically evaluated. The main conclusion drawn is that what makes preventive war especially morally problematic is the inherently speculative character of the appeal to harm prevention, which provides ample opportunity for error, deception, and self-deception. In principle this objection can be met if the decision to engage in preventive war is made within the constraints of a suitably designed institution—one that adequately mitigates the special risks of employing the preventive war justification. This chapter then delineates the chief features of an institution that would reduce the risks to acceptable levels by including ex ante and ex post accountability mechanisms in a multilateral institutional context. This chapter is a modified version of a previously published paper co-authored with Robert O. Keohane.
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Nwoye, Augustine. African Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190932497.001.0001.
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This book aims to serve as a basic literature in the new field of African psychology as presently constituted in continental Africa. The book is designed to fill a huge void that exists with the persistent absence of a foundational text that evolves from the situated knowledges and experience of continental African realities and postcolonial concerns and is devoted to defining and charting the content and scope of this new field for scholars within and outside Africa. The book consists of a coherent and organically cohesive selection of the author’s key essays, the majority of them published between 2000 and the present in premier international psychological journals on various aspects of continental African psychology, understood as a postcolonial academic discipline. Some of the book’s chapters are new as well. These have been written to anchor and provide a conceptual unity to the book. In terms of content, the book consists of four parts. Part I presents the background to the book. It proposes the Madiban tradition as a framework of inclusion for the study of psychology in African universities. Part II focuses on the epistemological, methodological, and theoretical perspectives in African psychology. Part III introduces the reader to the field of African therapeutics, while Part IV aims to highlight the healing rituals and practices provided to the traumatized in contemporary Africa. The ultimate objective of the book is to give postcolonial Africans a fresh vision of themselves and their psychology and culture.
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Wong, Agnes M. F. The Art and Science of Compassion, A Primer. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197551387.001.0001.
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The Art and Science of Compassion, A Primer is designed as a short, “all-in-one,” introductory text that covers the full gamut of compassion, from the evolutional, biological, behavioural, and psychological, to the social, philosophical, and spiritual. Written with busy trainees, clinicians, and educators in mind, it aims to address the following questions: What is compassion? Is it innate or a trainable skill? What do different scientific disciplines, including neuroscience, tell us about compassion? Why is “compassion fatigue” a misnomer? What are the obstacles to compassion? Why are burnout, moral suffering, and bullying so rampant in healthcare? And, finally, what does it take to cultivate compassion? Drawing on her diverse background as a clinician, scientist, educator, and chaplain, Dr. Wong presents a wealth of scientific evidence supporting that compassion is both innate and trainable. By interleaving personal experiences and reflections, she shares her insights on what it takes to cultivate compassion to support the art of medicine and caregiving. The training described draws on both contemplative and scientific disciplines to help clinicians develop cognitive, attentional, affective, and somatic skills that are critical for the cultivation of compassion. Compassion not only benefits the recipients, produces better patient care, and improves the healthcare system, but it is also a boundless source of energy, resilience, and wellness for the givers. With striking illustrations for key concepts and a concise summary for each chapter, this book provides a solid conceptual framework and practical approaches to cultivate compassion. It serves to complement the experiential component of compassion that the readers are strongly encouraged to develop and practise in their daily lives.
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Mastroianni, Anna C., Jeffrey P. Kahn, and Nancy E. Kass, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190245191.001.0001.
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Public health is fundamentally concerned with promoting the health of populations through the prevention of disease and injury. It is, at its core, a moral endeavor, because the end it seeks is the advancement of human well-being. Vexing ethics issues are inherent in all aspects of public health practice and policy. They exist in top-of-the-news stories like infectious disease outbreaks and vaccine hesitancy, health disparities, and in more routine assessments of population health needs, data collection, program evaluation, and policy development. They may be distinctive or shared across diverse fields, such as environmental health, nutrition programs and policy, injury prevention, communicable and noncommunicable diseases, and reproductive health. This volume represents the first comprehensive examination of public health ethics in the United States and globally. The volume editors recruited top public health professionals, policy experts, and scholars in public health and ethics fields to offer varied perspectives on the diversity of the issues that define public health ethics. The volume begins with two sections examining the crosscutting conceptual foundations, ethical tensions, and ethical frameworks of and for public health and how public health does its work. It then proceeds topically, with thirteen sections analyzing the application of public health ethics considerations and approaches across the broad range of subject areas. While the fifteen sections can serve to orient the reader within a specific field, each of the more than seventy chapters is designed to serve as a stand-alone contribution. The approach makes the book, its sections, and individual chapters useful as part of course materials, as well as a seminal reference for students, scholars, and public health professionals.
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Vairappan, Charles S. Ecological Chemicals as Ecosystem Function Mediaters and Potential Lead Pharmaceuticals. UMS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/ecologicalchemicalsumspress2021-978-967-2962-94-6.
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Relationship between functioning ecosystem services and human wellbeing has been established as a bridge connecting nature and society. It has also become central pillar of sustainability science and dictates the paradigms of sustainable development. But, conceptual frameworks that systematically integrates the important roles played by natural ecological chemicals by establishing empirical links between the nature and ecology not only varies, but lacks clear support. The value of ecological chemicals as ecosystem derived natural products warrants explicit acknowledgement, only then trade-offs between services and prioritization of policy can be realised. In the last 20 years, important roles played by the ecological chemicals in Bornean terrestrial and marine ecosystems were investigated and reported. Terrestrial plants produce Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs) and structurally interesting secondary metabolites that facilitate their ecological processes that are aimed to establish communication such as defence, attraction, deterrent and territorial marking. Some of the most commonly utilized herbs and plants of traditional medicine importance showed very interesting chemical constituents, that justify their traditional utilization for human wellbeing. The role of VOCs that originated from animal diet and emitted through decomposition of faeces, was traced back to their important role as attractants of insects, particularly dung beetles that facilitates the remineralization of faeces and returns C and N to soil as to replenish global C and N-sink. Marine flora and fauna are perhaps the most vivid producers of structurally interesting secondary metabolites with more than one ecological functions. Halogenated secondary metabolites produced by red algae Laurencia are unique in their structural design and exhibited multiple biological potentials. Similarly, soft corals in the Sulu-Sulawesi Coral Triangle produced a huge diversity of terpenoids and functions as feeding deterrents of these soft bodied invertebrates. Ecological chemicals obtained from the Bornean biodiversity also exhibited a wide array of medically important biological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammation, anti-anticancer and serves an important array of lead pharmaceuticals. Some of these compounds are very potent and have been patented as lead-pharmaceutical candidates from Bornean natural products. Hence, ecological chemicals are important natural products that regulate ecological processes that ensures ecological balance in tropical ecosystems. Humans who are the custodians of natural ecosystem, stand to benefit directly and indirectly when we practice sustainable utilization and regulation of our natural resources.